SAN MABINO. T*i Queer I.lttle Hewublle which Ilea Stood the Teat at I.SOO Veen-How It Is oTerned--Ita Mtandln* Army of Thirty Men -- A Notion Without a Tress. I.a Kepublica di Snn Marino, the roots of whose history run down to the days of Charlemagne, lies about twelve miles southwest from Rimini, and about four miles from the shores of the Adriatic, in Italy. A "orrespondent writes :• The republic proper stretches over n tcrri'ory seventeen miles long and about half that width, and has a population, all told, of about 6,000 people; the cap ital. where we were, having about 900 of them. They were governed by a council of .sixty , which is a close corpo ration. nominally composed of twenty princes, twenty of the middle class, and twenty of the peasant chiss, hut in point of fact, as I afterward learned ami. indeed, as might he inferred from the fact thottliey themselves tilled all vacancies, and the people iiiul no more to verexceed 25.000 francs—say $5,000 —army, navy, postoftice, education, | prisons, police, diplomatic service, rep- : re-.-ntation, all included. The revenue j i* rai*ed out of the profits realized by j the government from the purchase of -onie 00o,(>00 pounds of tobacco in the leaf, which it manufactures to sell at n small advance; from the sale of about 1 *hi sacks of salt, and atrifling stamp tax j of three cents on notarial, judicial and otic r legal document*. fhn health of the republic is looked ; alter by one physician and one *urg-nn employed by the state, who are required 1 to attend and prescribe for all who send for them, hut wtio are not expected to n sent the offer ola gratuity from those who can afford to pay for their advice. These functionaries receive $5OO a year each from the state. -The judges re ceive the same. San Marino has not oiuy never been afflicted with a news paper, hut no printing press has ever stood upon its territory. This is a lim itation upon its capacity for manufac turing money which distinguishes it more than anything else from republics of .osev longevity. 41 I'm the Only Eon on Your Hide." In one of the Western States a case was trieel and at its termination the' judge clinrged the jury and they retired tor consultation. I lour after hour passed and no verdict wai brought in. I h" judge's dinner arrived, nnd he bc ramo hungry and impatient. Upon in quiry be leairned that e>ne obstinate* jury man was holding out against eleven That lie could not stand, and lie ordered tne twlcve men to be* brought in-fore him. He told them thnt in his charge I" them lie had so plainly stated the ease nnd the law that the verdict ought to be unanimous, nnd the man who per mitted liis individual opinion to weigh against the judgment of eleven men of wisdom was unfit and unqualified ever again to act in the capacity of juryn an. At the end of this excited harangue a little squeaky voice came from one of the jurymen. He said: "Judge, will V'>ur honor allow me to say a word P" I being given, he ndded: May it please your honor, I am the °n,y man on your side." Another Motor. A new and giant motor, says the American Engineer, is again on the eor ""t, with a greater probability of sue than had any of the wonderful inventions which were to revolutionize tne engineering world. It bails from : 'ttsburg. The method of it* operation is the transmission of a powerful and quickly generated vapor from bisulphide of carbon and petroleum, from thechnm t>T of a condenser to the boiler of on ordinary n n- -ondensing steam engine. • lie boiler being filled with water 11 ated to about 200 degrees, a pressure ns high ns 900 pounds per square Inch is rapidly developed from the vapor thus and is easily controlled. A ■r'niendou* energy is thus made uvuil for driving engines. This new motor has been subjected to thoroughly praetleal test* by leading ex,pert*, ana, d is said, with promising result*. The Fires or 1879. During the past five years, neoording to the figures collected by the Insurance Chronicle, 9353,018,965 wort li of property has been destroyed by tire in the United States. In 1876 the|)o*s,wn*9'< N . 108,985, in 1876 $64,030,600, in 1877 98,965,800, In 1878 964.315,900, and in 1879 977,703,- 700. The last year, it will be seen, was unlucky and only 9400,000 better than 1875, although in 1875 Virginia City, Nov., was visited by a bfnzc which swept away over 96,000,000 worth of properly. The losses to insurance com panies last year were in excess of the i josses of any of the four previous years. | These losses amounted in 1876 to $39,- I 396,1grocery stores, 31 harness factories. 13 hat factories, 384 hotels, 994 liquor stores, 10 boor saloons, 13 spoke factories, 61 ice houses, 70 iron .foundries, 10 jails, 13 junk stores. 16: laundries (not one owned by a China- i man), 65 lumber yards, 42 machine j shops. 11 mattress factories, 45 meat Joe- j tories 47 newspaper offices (an average number), 24 oil refineries, 12 oil tanks, 45 paint shops. 29 paper mills, 18 nig shops, 12 paste factories, 55 photographic , galleries, 13 picture frame factories, 80 planing mills, 21 pork .packing houses 12 powder mills, 51 printing offices, 38 public halls, 07 railroad depots, 28 rail- i road repair shops, 12 railroad stables, j 218 saw mills, 39 shingle mills. 28 sasli { factories. 109 restaurants, 58 school j houses, 29 slaughter houses, 40 shoe lac- j tories, 13 shoddy mills, 16 smokehouses, | 23 stave factories, no stone yards, 10 su- I gar refineries, 40 tanneries, 15 steam | boats, 22 tobacco factories, 27 tobacco j i barns, 24 tinsmithies, II wheelwright , shops, 10 wood-turning shops, and 30 woolen mills. Castle Garden. A New York paper has a deseiiption of the •' Battery," situated at the' southern point of the city. The article j says ol Castle Garden, the queer-look ing building where the emigrants are landed: It has not much of a castellated look, and any stranger would lie more , apt to pick it out for a cheap ware houseman for a place with such a high sounding name as "Castle Garden, nt the Battery." There is n good deal more of the castle about the building, j however, than most people would sup pose. The high wall around it conceals ! its lower story from the outsidp, leav- j I ingotily the wooden upper portion ex | nosed to view. (Jo in through one of j the three or four gates, however, if you can get pnt the guard, and when once inside turn Ui the right a dozen yardsoi | so, if one of the inside officers does not i stop you, and vou will see that Castle 1 Garden is rightly named. What now I forms the lower story of the round building is the wall of what was once * i fort, or battery; a wall so heavy and thick, that it is a curiosity to see in these days of flimsy buildings. It is built of great brown stones, with port holes at. regular intervals, tapering down toward the inside, where, instead of a cannon's mouth, a glass sash may - now be seen. The glass may lie seen, but nothing beyond it, unless the jani- 1 tor lias very lately taken it into his head to wash the windows. An upper story 1 of boards lias lieen added to this solid wall, a roof lias been put on, a gn at number of little wings added, like j wards in a hospital—and this is Castle Garden, where Bat first sets foot when he arrives from Ireland; Hans when he j comes from Germany; our street-sweep ing friends, the Italians, and all the 1 other distinguished foreigners whose' purses will not permit of their coming over in the cabin and eating suicidal pastry. The big room that they are Ushered into, on a day when an rmi grant steamer arrives, Is .worth walking all the way down from liarlem to see. to a man who has no corns. Some of the queerest looking people in the world come in here, and look wildly aliout them, and at length drop their bundles on the floor, sit down on them and light , their pipes. Some of the men are di eased in leather breeches, and nearly all of them wear coats thai might be stretched out a few inches longer without detri ment. No pen of the male persuasion could describe the costumes of many of the women. When a few hundred of the emigrants flock in from one of the 1 transfer- boat* and open their bundle*, and go to cooking their scanty dinners on the four stoves that are provided, they make a picture tall of color and ro mance, and one that is much more ro mantic us seen from the spectators' bafcony than from the midst of the characters. On a fair day, the walk* , surrounding Castle Garden are full of, these emigrant*. They lean against the wall in sunny places, and swuriu like bees. Presently they disappear, many of llieni going West, some North or South, and a good many remaining in tliis city and becoming aldermen. But one ship's load is hardly disposed ol be fore another ship's load arrives, bring ing members of Congress, tax commu sioners, referees, and sometime* a judge or two. A Baltimore barber lost confidence in the pecuniary responsibility of a ronn whose heard he was shaving off, and demanded his pay when the job was half done. The mat, bad no money, and was turned into the street, where the peculiarity of his face—half clean and half covered with wbUkcrs—drew * throng. FOB THE FA IK SEX. Nprln Millinery. There will be very little change in the sliopes of bonnet*, and those of medium sizes, neither very large nor very small, arc most seen at present. Poke shapes of the moderate sizes are very largely imported in all the various braids, suou as Tuscan, chip, lace straw, Knglish split straw, sntin braids, and leghorns. The creamy yellow Tuscan braids and the lustrous satin straws are verv hand some, and promise to be the leading fabrics. The lace straws are open braids i in beautiful lace-like designs, and appear i to be much stronger than the frail straw laces formerly used. Sometimes the ! brim only is striped with this luce, while the crown is of more solid braid, j such as_ chip or Tuscan. A special : novelty is the cashmere effects given 10 these new straws by introducing ool j orcd threads in the lace-like design; I pale blue, heliotrope, and red thread* | are very effective when combined with the naturul hue of the straw. There ! are also mottled effects of color given to chip hats to match the costume with which they arc to be worn, and some times two shades of colored chip form alternate stripes all around the bonnet; ! these are excellent for morning wear or I for traveling bonnets in two shades of j brown, beige, lavender, gray, or green. | Hlack cfiip bonnets have merely the crown of chip, while thescoop brim and | the curtain are formed of straw lace, ! which is heavily beaded with fine jet j beads: sometimes old gold straw is nr ranged in stripes in the black chip bon j nets. Ribbons will be much used for triin- I riling bonnets, and for this purpose they | are shown in three widths, known to j dealers as Nos. 7, IS and 22, and varying from one and half to three inches in breadth. Satin ribbons are shown in : great variety, anil are especially hand some when double-faced in the new way that makes the wrong side exactly like : the right, or rather does away with a 1 wrong side altogether, so that the rib bon may be turned and twisted in any j fashion, which is a desirable thing and withal economical in making bows, loops and rosettes. Striped ribbons are also shown in two shades of satin, or else in contrasting colors in most capri cious arrangements, such as bronze with gold, or else sapphire blue with gold, pink with blue, garnet with cardinal, or j red wiili old gold. The new colors that are developed in these importations are Isabellc yellow- the historical Spanish ! color—pheasant brown, and new shades ! that have purple for their base, and re , call the lilac, iavender, mauve, violet and heliotrope tints. For millinery pur* poses tin- old fashioned lustering ribbons ; are revived; these are of the smooth silks which the French call taffetas, and 1 arc now shown with tape-like borders, or witli feathery edges, in many of the j styles used twenty years ago. They are I very pretty in coachman's drab, argent and pheasant brown shades. Very soft | satin duchesse or merveiUetMe ribbons i have changeable colors through the een tor, with a border stripe of full satin on : the edges. Again, tfiere arc arniure ! striped ribbons that are douhic faced, satin and gros grain, with the stripe like j a broken cord. The Oriental figured ribbons come in new quaint colors that , are more nearly modeled after the Jap anese than the cashmere colors of the ■ winter. Very rich Gobelin rihiton* are I shown that appear to he literal copies of j stripes of old tapestries, and there are 1 polka-dotted and dam aw rihlmns of 1 endless varieties that have hut one thing in common, viz., the soft pliablcness , tliat makes them easily twisted and turm-d into knots and bows. Exp?ri- j enoed milliners write from Paris or the decided preference among designers for the pheasant brown shades that com bine well with all shades of buff, such as Tuscan and Isabellc, and of Ibe light purple tints. The soft silks for Irim i inii.g the crowns of Itnnnet* conic in the twilled lustrous fabrics known a* sntin duchesse, or as satin sublime, and are represented in light cashmere combina tions as well as in the new plain colors. Fichus and hnrbes of black or of white Spanish lace are to be used to drape summer bonnets, just as they have been seen during the winter on opera bonnets. A chapter might be written on the old-fashioned flowers thnt nrtistic dress ing has brought into use. Those with ; yellow and red shades predominate, and include the marigold sunflower, dandelion, buttercups, carnations, as-1 ters, dahlias and other stiff-pctaled flowers; chrysanthemums, poppies and peonies—not of the largest sizes—are copied to perfection, and the great crushed roses without foliage are shown i in every shade that nature ha* ever pre sented them, from the palest tea-rose to ' the darkest red damask roses. The large flowers are commended for corsage bou quets; but tasteful milliners know that the most graceful trimmings for bon nets :ire made up of fine flowers, such a* heliotrope, myosotis, mignonette, vio lets and pansies, witli merely one or two large flowers to give the rich coloring j required now by fashion. Ostrich feathers come in the three ! small tips that represent the three nod- < ding feathers of the Prince of Wales, and j are now In different shades of one color I rather than in the contrasting colors that were too much in the fcatlicr-dnatcr style; tbess are very handsome when showing cream. Tuscan and Isaliclle shades, or else graded from beige to pheasant brown, or from pearl to hello trope. These nodding piumcs arc chosen for Tuscan and chip hats, while for the more full-dress lace bonnets are the light fluffy marabout feathers of n deli cate hue, tipped on the edges with cashmere colors. For walking bonnet! in turban sbspe, and for round hat*, are stiff feathers- mounted brea*t fenthert and wings -that pass around the front and sides of the crown, and entirely trim the hat in the way so popular during the winter. Pheasants' brown feathers and those of the Guinea-hen are used tor these, wlii e others combine the blue green loipliopbore and gold eyes of pea cocks' feathers to form cashmere colors snd Japanese combinations. Quantities of tiny green bugs and beetles are set about on these feather.*, and again the feathers form butterflies, rosettes or thistles.— llart*r'* Pnzar. ■ a Oar llniMdmothn'i Itart' The lnrge melon-shaped reticule with drawstrings and carried on the arm to hold the handkerchief, purse and work, is only an old fashion revived, as are the large block satin aprons embroidered with Dower.) in block or in colors and trimmed with flounces of old lace or the deep knotted feinge. With these are worn long black mittens, mutton-leg sleeves, deep outside cuff and the deep round lace collars, thnt serin A relic of fmat ages. Fortunate are those who invo only to go In the garret and look through grandmother's stories in the ancient liair-eovered trunks. When the high tortoise comb is worn, necklet of velvei and bracelets of the same, one can almost fancy they have before them a grandmother transformed—gone back to her first youth in complexion, bright eyes and dark hair and only the dress remaining to proclaim the fact that our aged friend is still here. These ancient costumes are considered very stylish for afternoon costumqp at home, or when invited out to " teas" and " coffees." Mannar of Making Mourning Droun. The simplest designs used in making colored dresses are repeated in those worn as mourning. The coat basque, the round overskirt very simply draped, and the short round skirt, is the model for most costumes. For the deepest mourning a broad habit of crape is used tor trimming the basque and both skirts, dispensing with all flounce-like plaitings on the lower skirt. The cus tom oi covering the entire basque witli crape, also all that part of the lower skirt visible below the overdress, is confined to widows, and is not even for them so generally ndopUd as it formerly was. There is a tendency to lighten the unwholesome heavy mourning attire lately worn in the somber English styles, yet to retain its simplicity and nun-like plainness; thus the neck of the dress is worn very high about the 1 throat, the sleeves are tight anil with out cuffs, tilt shoulder scawis are short, J the bust is not draped, and the beauty | of the corsage depends upon its fine fit. Crape, however, is worn but a few j months, and lustreless silks arc chosen I for dn ss from the first period of inourn ! ing. While paniers, sashes, fussydrap ery, fiounces and open throats are, of I course, avoided, yet a dinner dress ol mourning silk and crane is fashioned very much as a colored dress of silk and brocade would be. Thus the short basque and the front breadth are covered with English crape, and the flowing train is of the rich silk, with perhaps , some panel rcveis of crape down the i sides, and a knife-plaiting of the same on the edge. Very rich and appropriate j suits for the street are made of Henrietta cloth or of imperial serve after the models in use for cloth costumes this winter; the basque is coat-shape and doubie-breasted, with a deep collar, cuffs and square pockets of crape. The skirt lima full straight back breadth without drapery, and ia widely bordered with a band ol biaacrape, while in front I 's a deep round apron, much wrinkled, and tailing quite low, yet disappearing in the side seams where the full straight back liegins. The wrap with such a suit ia a long coat-shaped garment made of the material of the areas, warmly lined, perhaps with fur, or else with wadded silk or flannel. There are also figured cloths that are used for wraps with mourning dresses, and many of those have a deep collar and wide cuffs of black fur. A border of fur is not liked for mourning clonks, as used in that way the fur is only a showy trim ming, and not for comfort, and detracts from the severely simple look given by the deep collar and cuffs. Sealskin ] cloaks are now worn in the deepest mourning, and furriers select those of the darkest hue for this purpose. The large circulars of cashmere cloth with fur lining are worn as carriage wraps by ladies in mourning.— Harper'' Datar. Wsws and Nmm far W*ms, Mrs. Grant says that the prettiest girl seen in all her travels was at Reno, , Nev., railroad station. A!>gra Eggleston. a young Brooklyn artist takes a portrait by only looking at the subject for a few minutes, and then draws a picture that every one re cognizes. Manchester. England, has a society of women painterr to which the other sex is not admitted, not even at the yearly exhibition. Miis M. E. Gage, daughter of the poetess, has established a ladies' ex change for mining stocks in New York. A generous lowa lady. Mr#. Cordelia Miller, hsa given $30,000 to the Garret Biblical institute, at Evanston. 111, Madame de Witt has just completed her history of France, which is the sequel to her father's (11. Guizot) his tory. The widow of G. P. James, the nov elist, is living at Eau Clare, Wis. She is now eighty years old, and is well cared for by her sons. A London correspondent writes that American nationality is accepted in England as a presumption in favor oi a lady singer's success. There are nine ladies on the London school board. i Princess Alexandria, wife of the Prince of Wales, is somewhat deaf, and has ordered an American audiphone. Lady Burdett-Coutts lately gave a tea party to over two hundred Ixmdon cabmen and their wives as a means to induce the cabmen to treat their horses witli kindness. j The lady principal of a Michigan school iias resigned her position to com mence tlic study of medicine. The American Sunday school, oi New York, has been presented with $lOO,OOO j by Mrs. J. C. Green, of that ciy, the in terest only to he available. This is to be devoted to " the development of Sun day-school literature of a high merit." Mrs. Gladstone and Lady Rose berry attended all the Gladstone meetings at Edinburg. and sat in front of the platform listening attentively to every word and occasionally nodding assent, which sight was said to be very pretty and interesting. There was married recently in De troit a damsel who had been several years employed in a large manufacturing establishment. Her marriage had been for some days a subject of pleasant con gratulation by her employers and fellow employees. One day one of the pro prietors, who always wears a " tied tick apron in the factory, said to her, " .1' you will wear this apron on your wedding-dress when you are mar ried I will mnks you a present of 050." "Yes," added the foreman, "and I'll give you $10." The girl accepted the challenge, wore the apron, and pocketed her #(10. Gamhctta says that "if girls are not educated up to the level of the republi can ideal the republic will fall clown to their notion of what it ought to be." That the beat adviaort he ever hnd, not alone as to the conduct of his private life, but in politics, were good women, whose minds were emancipated from sacerdotal tyranny, and it was of vital importance to the commonwealth that the fullest justice should be done to the girlhood of France. " rrind words can never die." How bitterly does a man realise that terrible truth when he sees all the kindest words lie ever saw in his life-glaring at him from liis published letters In a breach of promise suit.— Useftil sad Interesting. There are 3,750 languages. Two persons die every second. The average human life is thirty-one years. Slow rivers flow four miles per hour. Rapid rivere flow seven miles per hour. A moderate wind blows seven miles per hour. A storm moves thirty-six miles per hour. : A l.uniciine moves eighty miles per ! hour. ] A rifle ball moves 1,000 miles per ! hour. Sound moves 743 miles per hour. Light moves 103,000 miles per hour. Electricity moves 288,000 miles per hour. Tin first steamboat piied the Hudson in 1807. The first iron steamship was built in 1830. The first lueifcr match was made in '1839. The first horse railroad was built in 1826-7. Gold was discovered in California in 1848. The first use of a locomotive in this country was in 1839. The first printing press in the United States wns introduced in 1029. The first almanac was printed by George Von Purbach in 1400. Until 1776 cotton spinning was pei formed by the hand-spinning wheel. The first steam engine on this conti nent was brought from England in 1753. Measure 209 feet on each side and you will have a square acre within an inch. As acre contains 4,840 square yards. A square mile contains 640 acres. A mile is 5,280 feet or 1,760 yards in 1 length. A fathom is six feet. A league is three miles. A Sabbath-day's journey is 1,155 yards (this is eighteen yards less than two-thirds of a milej. A day's journey is thirty-three and one-eighth miles. A cubit is two feet. A great cubit is eleven feet. A hand (horse measure) is four i inches. A palm is three inches. A span is ten and seven-eighth inches. A pace is three feet. A barrel of flour weighs 1196 pounds. A barrel of pork weighs 300 pounds. A barrel of rice weighs 600 pounds. A barrel of powder weighs twenty- I tive pounds. A firkin of butter weighs fifty-six | pounds. I A tub of butter weighs eighty-four ! pounds. The following arc sold by weight per I bushel: Wheat, beans and clover seed, sixty | |K>unds per bushel. Corn, rye and flaxseed, fifty-six pounds ! per bushel. Buckwheat, fifty-two pounds per : bushel. Barley, forty-eight pounds per bushel. Oats, thirty-five pounds per bushel. Bran, thirty-five pounds per bushel. Timothy seed, forty-five pounds per bushel. Coarse sait, eighty-five pounds per i bushel. Historic Slang. How common isttieexpression, "Oh' | she is down in the dumps"—that is out of spirits. This is a very ancient slang phrase, and is supposed to be derived Irom "Pumpos, King of Egypt, who built a pyranrd and died of meinn : cbolyao that the thieves and gypsies are not all to hiame for having given us a few expressive words. We nextcome upon a word fullof pa thetic meaning for many of us; it is the ghost that haunts and pursues us more or less throughout the year—it is the word "dun. It is a word of conse quence, for it is at once a verb and a , noun, and is derived from the Saxon word "dunan," to din or clamor. It owes its immortality—so tradition says —to having been the surname of one Joe Hun. n famous bailiff of Lincoln, in the reign ot Henry VII., who was so active and dexterous in collecting had debts that when any one became "slow to pay," the neighbor* u#ed to say. " Dun him"—that is, "send Dun after him." "Draw it mild" and "Come it strong," have their origin in music, be ing the terms used by the leader of an orchestra when he wished his violin players to play loudly or gently. From this they have passed into synonyms for . e x agger a tors and boasters, who are rc q nested either to moderate their state ments or to astonish t heir audience. The word " coach," in these days, ia a familiar one, as parents know who have to employ tutors to assist their sons to swallow the regulation amount of " cram " necessary for competitive ex • amination. The word is of university origin, and can boast of s logical etymol ogy. It is a pun upon the term " get ting on fast." To get c-s fast you must take a coach; you cannot get on fast in learning without a private tutor— eryo, a private tutor is a conch. Another familar word in university slang is "a regular brick"—that is. a jolly good fellow; and how the simile is logi cally deducted is amusing enough. A brick is deep-red, so a deep-read man is a brick. To read like a brick, is to read until you are deep-rend. A deep read man Is, in university phrase, •' good mana good man is a l, jolly fel low " with non-rending men— tryo, a ollv fellow is a " brick. A Mine-Owner's Mistake. A man now a prominent merchant o Virginia City won at poker an un developed gravel claim near Nevada City, worth in the neighborhood of two hundred dollars. His friends had the laugh on h'm for several days regard ing bis "investment," and asked hiin what proportion of the taxes he would pay in ease they accepted the property a# • gift. He finally got mad at their incessant guying, and told them they would see he was not sueli a fool as they took him for before he got through with that mine. He then wrote to some capitalist acquaintances that he hnd n claim wvrtlt a fabuloos sum, which he would seil for $3,000, being hard pressed financially. The hank was next visited, $5OO worth of gold dusi and nuggets bought, and the claim thoroughly "salted." When the intending pur chasers arrived tliey pro*pctcd the ground a Uti le, and the pan nine out wns attended by big clean-ups. They paid the $9 000 the same dnv. and got posses sion of the ground. Work was at once begun, and tliey took out #8 000 inside of three weeks. The "salter" was so taken aback that he did not smile lor a month, and the parties to whom he con fided liis shrewdness at the time of its perpetration never meet hint to this day but tliey ask him if he has another gravel mine to sell—Neroda (Col.) 7>iwi tcript. FA KM, VAKDKIt M IMJBUOUk T DIM •rottPctM*. In Fruice th* farina fr, largely OMd for culinary purpose*. The famous gravies, sauces, and soups of France art largely indebted for their excellence to that source, and th* bread and dm try equally so, while a great deal of the so called cognac, imported -into England from France, is distilled from the potato. Throughout Germany the same uses arc common. In Poland the manufac j tore of spirits from the potato is a most extensive trade. "Stettin brandy," well known in commerce, is largely im ported into England, and is sent from thence to many of our foreign possessions as the produce of the grape, and is placed on many a table of England as the same; while the fair ladies of our country perfume themselves with the spirit of potato under the designation of tim de Ool'M/ru. But there are other uses which this esculent is turned to abroad. After extracting the farini, the pulp is manufactured into ornamental articles, such as picture frames, snuff boxes, and several descriptions of toys, and the I water that runs from it in the process of manufacture is a most valuable scourer. For perfectly cleansing woolens, and | suchlike articles.it is the housewife's panacea; and if the washerwoman hap- I pens to have chilblains she becomes j cured by the operation. Few persons are aware of the great demand for jsjUOo flour, and of the al most unlimited extent of the market tliat can be found for this product, which is simply the dry evaporated pulp ol the ordinary potato—the whiter and more free from black spects the better. I I 1 is used for sizing ana other manufac turing purposes, and by precipitation and with the aid of acid is turned into starch. In Europe it meets with a large and increasing demand in primitive state, as potato flour, and In alone 20,000 tons are sold annually, and as many more would be taken if put on the market. When calcined it is used largely for silk dressing and other pur poses. At present the quotation for po tato flour in Liverpool is nearly douoie that of wheat flour. Consignments to Liverpool are solicited by the brokers there, who promise to take all that can be furnished. During the Franco-German war the j French government purchased all the farina it could secure and mixed it with wheaten flour in "potato cakes" for the arm 7. Farina at that time rose to 9200 a ton, and even the supply fell far short of the demand. Sines than an increased amount of farina has been regularly consumed in France, and Carina mills have correspondingly multiplied in that country. • The manufacture of potato flour is so simple, ana the results so I methodical, that it requires very little experience to reach a satisfactory issue. The potatoes are first steeped in water from six to twelve hours to soften the dirt and other matter adhering, after which tlicv are thoroughly washed by meebnnicai means with the aid of either steam or water power. They are then reduced to a pulp by a rasping or grind ing process in a properly constructed mill. A small stresm oi water it caused to flow on the upper surface of the rasp or grinder, to keep it clean ol accumula tion of pulp. From the grinder the pulp falls into a washing machine, through which the farina is forced by revolving brushes, the coarser pulp be ing thrown out at lateral openings. The granules of farina pass into a trough, and are conducted to rats, where the farina is permitted to deposit. After the proper number of (titrations and de positions have occurred, until the last | < posit, which is pure white farina, the latter Ixvomes of sufficient consistency : to cut into lumps, and place either un supported or in conical wire cases to dry. The drying process can i>e accom plished in a building supplied with shelve*, and capable of being heated (roni fio°. at which the farina begins to dry, up to 212°, which is as high a tem perature as it will require. The heating apparatus may be sueh as is most conve nient. In Europe the farina is packed in 300 to 913 pound fine sacks, but flour barrels are said to be preferable, as the wood protects it from damage and allows it to be transported safely to the most distant regions. The Journal Applied Science. Health Hints. To make a mustard plaster that will draw well, hut not blister, mix with the white of an egg instead of water or vinegar. Fresh radishes, well masticated, and the various kinds of turnips, if digestion ! is strong enough for them, are good for gravel. The following is recommended as a chilblain ointment: Take of lard nine ounces, oil of almonds three and * half ounces, white wax one and a half ounces, chaphor, powdered, one and a half ouncas. Mix and apply to the chilblain. The following liniment is said to be useftil for rheumatism, lumbago,sprains, bruises, unbroken chilblains and insect bites: Take one raw egg. well beaten up. half a pint of vinegar, one ounce of spirits of turpentine, a quarter of an ounce of spirits of wine, and a quarter of iut ounce of camphor. Boat three in gredients well up together, then pat them in a bottle, cork it, and shake them for ten minutes, or till they are thoroughly mixed. Then cork very tightly, in order to exclude the air. For rheumnlism in the head, rub the hack of the head and behind the ears. and. for other complainta. the parts affected. A Brest Comet Discovered. News comes from tiie Cardobaobserva tory in South America that Dr. Gould, director of the observatory there, has discovered"a great comet, which, in the somewhat obscure language of the dis patch, " is passing the sun in a north ward direction." The only comet of short duration expected this year is Winnccke's. and that, according to the accepted calculations of its orbit, should oe visible before the latter part of De cember next. Probably if Dr. Gould has really seen a great comet, it is a new visitor from the depths of space. If we are to b treated 10 such a celestial spectacle as those of its remember who saw the great comet of 1858, this generation may be considered peculiarly fortunate in that respect: lor it Is the lot of very few men to heboid more than one such a sight in a lifetime. One of the most impressive things about these wondering visitors, which In former ages struck whole natiors with terror, is the tact, whi h seems unques- they voyage from sun to *un and system to system, occupying, probably millions of years in thejour ney from one star to another— New York Bun. Specie* of the oaotus plant, fifty fret high, that grow up like a cigar. and bear deliciousjfiiiit. I wive bseo discovered in Arizona Territory.