Ulic (Cnilrc ,21 rmoctal. BKLLKFONTE, 1A. ACHIICVLTt7ItikL. NF.WS, FACTS ANl> SiltUiF-STtONH. Til, TBAT r TUB NATIONAL WRLTARR IN TNI IRTtLLI aiRCa Al> roHRIT> or TUB TANKIA Ererv farmer iti hit annual erpertenee diseorert itomethiny of value. Write it and tteml it to the " Agricultural Eilitor of the DEMOCRAT, Helle'fonte, I'enn'u," thai other farmert tnay hare the benefit of it. l*et eommnniealtont be timely, ami be tare that they are brief and well /minted. THE York (I'a.) Daily says that the coming year promises to be a re markably dry season, and that farm ers should be prepared for the emer gency and build cisterns, in which ( the rain and snow water may le re tained. Does the Daily base its pre diction upon the unusual wetness of the year just now closing ? AN English "gentleman engaged in mercantile pursuits iu London," and who is also "favorably known" in the "poetry business," lias "devoted much attention to the hay-saving problem," and dries the hay under a shed by means of a hot-air ldast, fur nished by a steam engine, at an ex- . ponsc of about three dollars per ton. That may be good farming in Eng land, but sunshine is too cheap and plentiful here to warrant us in adopt ing this English mercantile poet's plan. BE sure to keep some nice pullets over for breeders next year. When such management as has been advo cated in these columns has been prac ticed the pullets should be laying now, giving a supply of eggs for the holiday market, when they always bring a good price. Encourage them to keep on at this until the holidays. Then, if any want to set, give them a chance. If you have facilities for raising early chicks, let the campaign l>egin as early in the year as your hens will set. AT the December meeting of the Lancaster county agricultural soci ety, the question "What constitutes 'high farming,' and will it pay ?" was referred for answer to Henry M. En gle, who is the member of the State Board of Agriculture for that coun ty. He answered by saying that "the raising of the largest possible crops, keeping the land clean and leaving it at the end of the year i'i lietter con dition than at the beginning, consti tute high farming." This is a most excellent definition, but it leads us to observe that we know of very few men who are addicted to that kind of farming. During the same. meeting Mr. Englc advocated the soiling sys tem of feeding cattle as being cheap* or than pasturing them. Da. STI KTEVANT'S fourth paper on "How to grow 100 bushels of corn lcr acre," in the current number of I/and ami Home , treats of manuring. The Dr. insists that experience and reasoning unite in demanding that the manure should be kept near the surface, and for this reason recom mends that it lie spread on the plowed ground and harrowed in. No one sentence in the article contains more wisdom than this : "Taking into con ' sideration the fact that the farmer should each year cultivate more land than his manure will cover, it is good l>olicy to keep the dung for the grass And the grain, the potato field, the orchard and the garden, and to buy fertilizers for the corn." Till-: agricultural editor of the DEMOCRAT acknowledges the receipt, from the publishers of Land and Jfome,o( a beautifully engraved copy of Sir Edward Landseer's celebrated iminting, "Wild cattle of Chilling ham." The study is an exceedingly interesting one to those whose tastes lead them to admire beautiful ani mals. It represents a magnificent white lull, with cow and calf, of what ia supposed to lie the native breed of cattle of the British Islands. The bull standing on high ground, facing the observer, with bold front and bead erect, and the beautiful cow and calf in the foreground, as if under his protection; altogether, forming an interesting picture of these useful animals in their wild state. No de scription can do justice to the strik ing effect, nicety of execution, and natural beauty of this picture. A copy of this superb engraving is given free to every subscriber. k OVER one hundred ami thirty acres, in one season, with two plows, with out a breakage ol' any kind, largo or small, and with the UHO of hut four , shares, is a pretty good reeord for j the plows. Well, that's what we have done this season with two Botilh Bend chilled plows, furnished by 11. K. Hieks, last spring, and at this writ ing, December 10, they have been furnished with new shares, and are running in an eight-year-old seal, doing work that is the very perfection of plowing. The jointer attachment enables them to completely hide the > grass and roots, and we expect, by its use, to avoid a deal of hard work for our teams in the way of harrow ing in the spring. Ir you have a horse power and cutting box,it costs very little to cut all the fodder usually grown and led on a farm, and it pays to do it for the Is'tter quality of the bedding for j which the refuse is used, and greater ease and rapidity with which the manure can lie prepared for use. This has been our own practice for years, and we believe it pays. If enough is cut at one time to last a week or two, and it is firmly tramped in a bin, with a liberal supply of salt sprinkled over it, it w ill liecome moist, and a slight degree of fermentation will set in, which will soften it, and cause the cattle to cat a much larger proportion of the stalks than they would if left whole. Whatever ration of grain the cattle g< t should !H --ground and mixed with the cut stalks, and moistened with water. This will cause grain and fodder to lie swal lowed together, when the grain will l>e raised with the fodder in tiie form of cud, and re-masticated, enabling the animal to appropriate a much larger portion of the nourishment it contains than when it is swallowed by itself, and passed into the stomach from which it cannot l>c regained as cud. Hcasoningand cxpcrimcntagree that all grain should lie groum fore it is fed to stock of any kind. The distance of many farmers from ''the mill," and the consequent incon venience and loss of time incurred in taking grain to and from the mill, often prove quite as much an objec tion to having the grain ground, as the tenth or more which the miller exacts as "toll." A better state of tilings than this now exists on many farms where the farmers have supplied themselves with some one of the small and efficient mills which can now be bad, and do their own grind ing. Those who use them say that it requires but little if any more time to do their own chopping at home, than to take the grain to the mill and bark, ami"the toll saved is clear gain. We shall have more to say upon this subject at an early day. Good Butter Making. L. 8. Hardin, of Kentucky, one of the leading thinkers of upon all subjects the dairy, read a paper Is-fore the late meeting of the Dockland county, \. V., agricultural society, upon the subject of butter making, in which he described what he called the "new process." It reads like a very good process, and we copy it !>elo\v : The milk, as soon as it lie taken from the row, is cooled to seventy-five degrees by lcing set in well water. It is then strained into vats or cans twenty inches deep, and set either in cold air or cold ice water, and the temperature of the milk reduced to forty degrees. It is left to stand at this temperature twelve to twenty four hours. The cream is then dipped oir, it remaining sweet and limped. The skimmed milk also remains sweet. The cream is allowed to stand six hours after being taken off. to ri|>en and turn slightly sour. It is then churned in either a revolving or oscillating box, until it conies in butter grains jiltout the size of grains of wheat. The buttermilk is then drawn olf, and water throw-n in, at aliout the temperature of sixty de grees. After the butter is washed | until the water runs clear from it, the grains are pressed into a lump and placed upon a butter worker. What buttermilk is left in it is work ed out, and salt is added to the taste of the purchaser. This butter is generally reworked a little, nfter standing four or five hours, to take the mottled appearance out of it. After this it is packed in fresh, new wooilen tubs, and ship|>ed immediate ly to market in refrigerator cats, so that it actually reaches the consumer liefore it is three days old from the cow's udder. THE usefulness of the goat as an adjunct to the milk-supply is being discussed in England, and slops are being taken to form a society to cn conrnge the breeding of luilch-goats Extract# ami Comment*. Wheat planted from a fourth to n half HII inch deep comes up sooner than at 1 any other depth. Kxchtiru/.. Possibly that's true. Itut can the j I party who makes the statement HO positively assure us that it will yield bettor, aero for acre, than that plant- ■ od sit twice or three timet) the depth? The mistaken notion prevails with some sportsmen that the sign boards j forbidding hunting, fishing or trespass ! ing on private lands are of no account. and that they can be disregarded with | impunity.—Eschangr. I nvite the sportsmen to the Squire's ofliue, and convince tliein of the cost liness of their mistaken notion. They will avoid making the same mistake on the same premises in the future. Land which without an application of manure will give a yield of fifteen bushels of wheat per acre will, by the addition of eighty pounds of nitrogen in a favorable season, give from thirty five to forty bushels of wheat, with a j proportional increase of straw. A .htmge. That's perfectly simple, isn't it? Just sprinkle on a little "nitrogen," and the question of "How to make farming pay ?" is answered at once. I.et us ail do it. 'nving to the thic' riess of the corn looks this year some people are pre dieting along winter.— Exeki.. :/ e. Winter will have to la-gin pretty soon or that prediction will fail. I In Adams county. Pa., fully one half - the cornstalk ground has been sown to wheat an umiua!!v large proportion and it looks well.— A' hinge. Well, if it does, it's all "good luck" —not good farming. Thorough Culture. i rfMfniJhl of 1)1 f -unify fFotFttian For many years I have argued that the whole of the I'nitcd States would If more prosperous, and the farmers In- able to take life easier and make more money, if they would j not cultivate so much land. I have continually written nbout the jicrtna nent grass lands in Kngland, which pay a great deal better for lying per- 1 Iftuaily in sod composed of nil the best native varieties, and never plow- | od. This is no new thing, or any , experiment on a small scale, but a glorious fact on such a magnificent scale, as to astonish every American who g'H-s to Kngland. He finds that more than half the kingdom is relig iously set apart and held sacred from the plow, and hay is made of siu-li fine quality as t< surprise men who have been accustomed to think tin old grass land in Kngland was all pastured. " When it is considered that in addition to half the country Is-ing in permanent grass, there are clover and other grass crops which come in rotation on the arable land, and also that one-sixth to one-fourth of all the plowed land is in roots every year, all which are eaten by cattle and sheep, it is not wonderful there is so much wheat and barley grown. The lx'st land in Kngland is in grass, such as farmers here could not re-ist the temptation to take wheat from. If such land could If kept from Is-ing polluted by cultivation ln-re, sheep could Is- kept as they are in Kngland. The less money obtain ed for hav and grain the Ifttcr it would pay the stock-raiser to graze and grow meat, wool and milk. When wi farmer has a fine tract of land, chiefly pasture and meadow, his ex |s-nditure in lalmr is comparatively a mere trifle, and in Kngland this is so well understood that any farm with the greater portion in old grass is sought after and rented readily. Let : every farm with soil suitable for |s-r --mancnt first-class grass Is- treated as Knglish land is in the Wst districts, and I would wager that more than double the grain, corn and clover; could If grown on the half of the farm. The other half (in grass) j should he the best and deepest soil. The grnss land in the Kastern States is that which will not pay to cultivate for corn and grain. Let any farmer who rends the pa|frs and lias common sense views of agriculture consider that although Mr. Meelii, who lias a won derfully good arable farm, lias lfcn telling the landlords and the tenants that they ought to agree to plow it all itp and bring it into rotation with grain, Acc., and consider nlso that the | greater part of the Scotch farmers are averse to permanent grass and know little about it, j-ct under all ! trying circumstances it is still held inviolable, and instead of plowing it |up when hard times come more is sowed down in properly mixed seeds to lie kept always in grass. When grain is low in price it is folly to talk of plowing up grass which is paying by supporting live stock ; and if half of the land, and the Imst half, is put into grass and never plowed again, the other half would grow more grain than the whole did before, thus saving the labor of attending to tiie whole. Of course this would not occur all at once ; it would gradually happen, be cause all the best | Am i being in grnss, the other would If attended to nnd improved. WHAT'S the use of crying over spilt milk? It only makes it more watery. Ain-jng our Oontemporaries. A n country-homo Journal no one with in our knowledge bettor deserve* n place I si ovory fireside) tbsn tho old Jiurnt Sew , > •nkrr. It in original, Independent nnd conscientious to tic* iiighf.i degree, Had in j nil respect* worthy tho entire confidence of | il readers. The able imtiiagoriioniof Mr. Moore, it- founder, lis* boon succeeded by j one much tnoro nblo. Forms and prove | dents, so fur n- they interfered with the entire independence nnd rapid progress of j the paper, have been discarded, and it stands to-day alone in a number of Its j more inqiortant and valuable feature# Tho company which conduct* it is coin ' posed of a few Wealthy men wlm icsm to I work more for the purpose of doing g> iryman devotes 11-clf, as it* name would indicate, exclusively to - the dairy Interest* of the country. These ' vast and steadily increasing intere-ts re quire a representation and voice in the chief commercial city of the country, ami this Held the I>nxrt/mnu aims to.w t jpy. In doing so it set* f.-rth promptly *ml faith- I fully the conditions of the dairy markets I of the world, giving in one < omplete vh w ' the range of price, from the producer at j the dairy or factory to the dometi> <.r foreign consumer; re|,rt and illustrate* fully and thoroughly every important im i provement in the manufa-1 ire of hutt'-r an-1 cheese ; ( ihli-he. ail inij-.rtant - rent* in the dairy stock market, d- tailing any specially notable f*< t dio-u.- the I- t methods of breeding, fis-ding si.-i rearing dairy stock : present* in it new. columns all new rtml significant fa- t, . ( what<-v< r ! nature, concerning the dairy liter !, n pa; . r wh no dairyman, large r small, in t e I'niu-d l Stnt.-s, ran tiff ~ti to .!•. 1 1! uf. In it* w.rk The Ihi ynnn commands t! - a >l ! ance of tiie ie.t - -filrihiit-.r* and wr ier# j on dairy t-'pi- which the country afford# A-Ur'-s all communication* to tli-- Antrim an Duiryntan, l.x 4,618, Now York. Good Wagon Roadr. ■ - rr -m lb# rt.iu.t*l|Ml II r I .Mr. William ('. Prime, writing to the New V ork Journal of ('mnmrrri of a journey through New Kuglanii by carriage, complains of the had condition of tin- wagon roads in that part of the country. The complaint is undoubtedly a just one, and a like charge could be sustained against nearly the entire country. The wagon roads of Pennsylvania are particu lar !y had. Ihe Journalof (emonurr f correspondent traces the neglect of the country roads to the exaggerated notions entertained with regard to tin- ofllce of railroads as a means of developing interior sections of coun try. It is stiange that so important a subject should have received so great neglect, oqieciallv when it is considered that generally throughout the country the rates (> | freight by rail between localshipping points are kept at a point but a fraction In-low the cost of wagoning, the aim, of course, Is-ing to tax local business all that it will stand. Once or twice on some roads the mistake was made of fixing local freight rates a trifle too high, which, of course, gave an iin l>el lis to wagoning, when the rate* ! were at once reduced. The effect of the railway influence is thus stated by Mr. Prime: "Hallways have super ceded in the minds of the people the need of wagon roads, have led to the ; neglect of these roads, have thus actually isolates! and cut off interior | farms and villages from their old relations to centrnl towns and cities, ' and have Suspended the advance ol civilization in many localities. All i over the country wagon roads have I given place in the public mind to railroads. Legislators never think of compelling railroads to replace the wagon roads usurped by the rail track, at safe distance from it." He traces the standstill condition of Northern Vermont and New Hamp shire to the abandonment of any sys tem of good wagon roads, and' adds that "one of the lest fields for mis sionary work is the instruction of I the people in tho value, importance ; and method of making good wagon l roads. Churches are eivilizers, but a country church at a crossroads from which diverge impracticable highways is a lamp under a bushel. Hood roads arc great eivilizers. Hood roads make farms valuable,make farm life happy, make communities interested in one another, bring custom to villages, cities and railways, increase the value , of farm and other lands, and lie at the very foundation of the civilisation and prosperity of a .State." The early improvement of the wagon roads is of the first imjiortance to Pennsylvania. The people of this Slate need to take counsel with each other to the end that improved meth ods of road construction may be introduced. ONK-UAM- ounce of salt to the pound of butler is the rule for salting adopted by the makers of the cele brated "trademark" lump butter, which sells for a fancy price. From Father to Son. From lli ■ * in' lihiwll ("otntniffi'lal, If we are to reach the highest de velopment of a race of farmers, we must exjM-ct it through the line of descent. The son must inherit (lie fitness of the father, and take up the calling and business where lie left oil', and his son after him, and so on. VS hen this shall become the custom in our farming families, then ahull we sec greater stability In society, and a higher type of civilization. Kvery parent has the chief power to bring this work about. The very independ ence of the farmer's life in to be the germ which develops a race that | cannot he other than an independent people. Our nation is to achieve its greatness in the development of agri culture. its power at home and 'abroad is to he established ami held | through the arts of husbandry, prac tised by a skillful and virtuous race of farmers. The average size of an iri-di farm is twenty acres. Hi/noil, l/r/(o7iiii<- .1 Co., /litrthrtiii Ihithi'H. HAKDWAKU! W I I .SON, Me FA IU.AN K CO. JiKALF.KS IN STOVES,RANGES-HEATERS. AIX) hiinls, oils, lilnss and Varnishes, _ AND HARDWARE. AI.IF*.IIKNY STRUT, .... lit Mi s Bis# K .... BKLLXF'tS TJ I'* OFFICIAL DIRECTORY. !( . T.RW- t ' t I tr M , f J SI! t *i>, A . V R M WAT JN #•* II <>*. A MIFL< I UT II ft J FT* F| OFTTT* H- !♦ IF .*!. F, !.• J • .; -1 | I ! : IU, I.F .1 TO >\ . VR. :TN •<* < 1: W BT T. , JTU F I'M 4., 4. * .> * A I TU . TIL H„, ]| \ T . T*T } , TWWN LIT"* MU. (, T* J L H LMIN% 1* • •< !• \ I.l* < > *l l . (IR *** * IM KU 'L.RI L.R M ? >.'.?*•* F.F R* LLTVN BF T \l' • ■ 1 T T . .• M IV *T IR • . ••"•.. • : < T, A • R* J*N I * I *•*.,, V ..I I , K TO R !<.** 1. *4. II JH*R J Fl' • ► IN I I I I I I JR N '78. J MR MI •■ • ■ T ' IF F 'l' * I'F >1 III > fc TM * 11 1 S 1 :,'IF I I. A * M LL- A * .T AI . M TO ROV FE H CAIIT^F. H ' NT* DIRECTORY. FLIT* IN N> A RM>IN RMIL\S. - IM -■♦?•.♦ 1 IF. ** UM T. IPFTVIX,! J UT I -■ * * *.. •"I R I* ~#R TIN, TO , AT T| F * - . . ? R W T TJ, to SJ .*N ~ T ->3>. •. •+ • ■ „ I . I**< : to .V. I * - , F M U . >I . I-UI UY. IT I A ft 111 - < M . ."1 8T TO .!■ . ► ... •T : 1 M F ,'inx-lu > - • knj R 1.. T T RLIARRL* IL,* A I>. YORMFTK; RWMNNI, '.RILL! •!' <'! VM! ,F -F J'LIL.V }I ->U\ . VTII IF I ■ TN*TM |U!' ; TFM I LIV K ; * * I*' " N • *• •! !<♦; • AI FTF * , R K . * , ,1 I-U * • • ■AW I'M* ' HN A J R< $* T> • ► • I' • •* .V, - \n,, \ , , I'*!,!'. F,, J-IIS - |l' I *M* A 1 ; >.V M,*i T I FF I>*F F \ I I* .1 • ! : . A . I: R V M ;A, ... •HUR< VR.I. .F H II I "TMLUU ' U L.AINT ' *** 1 >*NT F I ; ■ J . I.N H 1.1 TIL KLIA N R.IRJ NTI.AIR.I • R ,F II T \, HILL" •* I- .M\ A V M, 1 '' S T LR. I,- 'NT. R. ♦. •? F I.JTIII 111-T FIPNLIFT - IRIFLH* HI !<• • * HTNL J F W FIAHI RN|JT K ITO LFIMILNI ' , | M !*L'IHT-WR I. - I |MTN4) V I* A M LOTH' IIA IT L TO T N'.'Ml , • R I.F || N ** D (VON *TR* T* ?-;>• L. W HV..JR V *TST ILL H !.. I. ' * *• >?I (HTIF |*'*! R, L,.1 to A IU'"I ** I- . ' V M|| I <4 R|*L I*l ' I UR J., I MTRI NMRRILHF.V. HILUHTM ' NT MIH HLFTI II4 TI. "'.H •I. I V' F*H I' " IFTR IL "V. * * HR 4 I:* A , V 1...,. C . TO:*. • !*♦. T T.J M {•.NIL!.. HMMIWIFC IRMCAJI •,.!, N„4 ,■( 1 LLMDI NTRR*A ITRNRW, IRMII IFT9 *W ML R W |'FH.L .>' I to JITF IHI ', *lll. .I -HR T>•4 IT. TN*R< LI L I'• T W R*T 'I, K, T> 'HJH HILL S I'". W • JHL' I 'l)4 F |. FILL L 1 I TI'*HT FU JIRF ILR A s hwi MFI i" m MIN.UJ 1! A m.. WDND; II A ft. V M ' A. LV*I'R IR. H.M .MI PUT* IHI AT 4*l #!■** FR.'UI HTT FT IN T**#N OF TIN 4FTH>*. Il|'>N NIMRA Hl.' •L L AI . u TUT TING I L.#IL IN UH> t ""IN TL.H FIR*T .*?).IM IT, C. LI NO'T.TII *I 4 W T NL (IIIHIU < T'NI W I T >< R M . . R THR,II|J. TH* MMH TFMRTRAMI; MI A M IT ML Tl\.. MORT* IN TIN I, T N II II IW. TINIFW.FN* IN RNH * AT V H'R\ LLLFTLI MFWL, CONSUMPTION POMTIVI;I.V < I ITR.IT. \I.IJ AIIIRCRODI FROM THIS LIN*FSC TL.*T *R'■ NN*I •!* TO U RTTRM *>!, >N!4 TTR I'T KINIIIM T'KI.RFIR ATF.FI I'KKU TLM JI R J,*!*L.IRVITO*TI IHHT ft* ILL RTIT#" <" *L FTRTL H M 1 NIL DOFTN* R.F TLF> TNFTO*F *T| |,R*~INANF4, •(? NC I* >NR FNIIH IN THRTN. •*•! •!•. TO RVTNTTFK* YON THT NRF T,. HWN |.FT, *** FT ILL FORFT RL T* N*FRY *TIFLRRR-I L| MAIL. | *T FFTKI'I, II RFTF T TAUT LINT. WO ION*L WANT FOFTF TNMTNY UNTIL YON ARO |4TRFNRLI? ANTIOFLOD OF IHHR URATI** IT TWIT LIF I* AXIRTH ! AATING. 4 T*'T .LOLNY IN GTOMG TLNR F*> OTTOI A TRIAL, • IHHY *• HI WRMJR RURA YOU IW*. FOI INRC 1H.%, AMI I " ANY J.IL <4 TH* I'NLW WIM OR MAIL, OR, RNH()| OF A. | A'MROAI, ASH A KOBBINB, ♦4-1, ATN VAHM AM, BR>. VLIN. !* V FITS, EPILEPSY, OR FA I. LI AT; SKRAEWI I>KRMANKNTI.Y CTHKI)—NO I LLNRNLG -BY ON, MNNLK'T AU|> F OR. OOA LRD'T CRLRHR.FRD INHLLIBL* 4ILPNWH.RU T< ■ N RLM .NFLROR. IH>( W ILL ,11 W. ,),IM FHTT.|*N THAT HRO> .* M,U*,TI L IROR. TWNN R„■ T.R,TII ~R N, H, IH. ROT. IIF THRO. ISTWMM,** *U- TTT-*T , RTTFR IN .TROT <#RO, ,TRR*T> TW ,1* ■L OF J>TT. R OR HR ~|>RROM T' (T 0. AHHTRAA ASIL A HOBUINH, 3W 4LT.>N CTRROT, RR KL;N, N. T. Time They Began to Learn. Vn* ff \m%u\ MM) H"m*. 'I he twaddle about fanners keeping out of polities in altogether too earnestly pn—ed in home rpiarters to mom disinterested. it is disc reditu lile in any mail riot to the diitieaof citizenship, but especially in the agriculturist. Congress, tbrougii liia careless five million votes, is crowded with bunk directors,lawyer*, moneyed-men and professional politi eiaiiH—but rarely a farmer. The bankers keep a shaip eye on bank lawn, and the lawyer doe* not pur posely neglect his professional in terests as bills come before him. lint excuse can there be for the . great army of land-owners and land tillers. HO sadly misrepresented at present, to continue their indiffer ence to public affairs Is it lrecausc "they do not understand these mat ters?" if so. it is time they began to learn. Never let a cow go into winter 'piarters in a poor, thin condition. i >i:j.i.i:r<.vn: ,v s.\o\v -urn; 1 > I I I t • . M I | 3i.ictt I * •' ' V H' ¥ }■' IF i "* li' 'f •* * . A W Ht * " M.-<* II 7 A * .Vat . ?• . i. p V arm*# in IMl#f • Il l- * ! • .• ii'f 4 ' ; * h'f •-• *• w. * j. „ W: J * IU.NII !, ftiiOAT**, I >A f It BAULK V M.I.KV KAIL- I > J; M ! luTlitl l>i Mi! AW IV r k 4 M. < *t T*r . to* • •' * - I*"*%* K*t TJR • Is*** 4 *l ' FC ■ • * ' ' lU.! lrl ... 7 47 7 'J* ' 'I ...... " lluiliil. M 7 vO2 I' -'. Manila 7 41 •] 714 47 " ,!•! " 7' l > *. 7W. s* . 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