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BKLLEFONTB, l'A.
NEWS, FACTS ANI) HUMOKSTIONB.
mac> tan raoni'iiirr or rai naaia.
Every former in hit annuo I er/tertenee
iliteorert somrthiny of value. I trite it ami
tend it to the "Agricultural Editor t>j the
DKMOCHAT, Eellefonte, I'enn'a," that other
farmera may have the benefit ot it. I.et
communieationt be timely, ami be sure lhat
they are brief and irell /minted.
WK regret to learn that an epidem- i
ic of some sort is prevailing among j
the swine of Chester county. The
papers from which we obtain this
news do not give any idea of its
character.
AT a late meeting of the Fulton,
Lancaster county, Farmer's Club,
one of the questions discussed was
"does lime pay ?" .Most of the mem- ,
lers agreed that lime had been use- ,
ful, but that the land was now so
full of it that they were warranted in
abandoning its use. Happy farmers!
Tub attempt to organize a Nation
al Agricultural Society to which we
referred in our issue of the 30th
ult., has erystali/.ed, anil a duly au
thorized committee has issued an ad
dress to the public, stating the aims
of the society, and calling a conven
tion of all. interested in the subject
at the Metropolitan Hotel in New
York on the loth of December. The
address is largely signed by represen
tative agriculturists and public men
throughout the country.
WE particularly request the at
tention of all our readers interested
in farming, and particularly young
farmers to an article in another col
umn on this page, under the head of
"A Farmers' Lecture Course." The
article is entirely self-explanatory,
and we only refer to it here to give
the scheme our hearty approval, and
urge all who possibly can to avail
themselves of this opportunity for
improvement in their calling. We
know of no other way in which the
sajnc amount of information can IK
so pleasantly and cheaply secured :
and the authorities of the College
arc entitled to hearty commendation
for this effort to disseminate correct
agricultural information.
ROAST turkey, with cranberry
saiHc, flunked by well-grown and
handsomely blanched celery, is pretty
good living, and we hope that every
farmer's family to whom the DEMO
CRAT makes its weekly visits will
have just such a dinner to-day. No
one lietter deserves it, and no one can
more easily have it than the farmer.
Not a farmer in Centre county but
can have just such a dinner, and all
of it home-grown except the cran
lierries, ("and the sugar of which
they require a good deal," says our
"better half," who is peeping over
our shoulder), provided he or his
family will take a little pains and
forethought to secure it. The farm
ers of America are not only feeding
all America but nearly all' Europe as
well, and who should be 1 >etter fed
than themselves?
WE learn from the American Dai
ryman that the International Dairy
Eair to lie held in New York in De
ccmlier, and of which wo made men
tion a week or two ago, promises to
lie an immense success. At the last
regular meeting of the Executive
committee the various sub-commit
tocs reported good progress in all di
rections. Special premiums are be
ing offered in large numliers and on
a very generous scale, by prominent
business men, and will make the ag
gregate of premiums to lie awarded
at the fair very large. One house in
New* York offers SSO for the licst lot
of cheese made in the State of Ohioi
a Montreal house offers $. r ill each for
the best factory butter and cheese
made in Canada, and salted with
Kiggin's Eureka Halt; and a Chica
go house offers six gold, six silver
and six bronze medals as first, sec
ond nnd third prizes for butter salted
with thu same salt, made in the State
of Illinois, Michigan, lowa, Minne
sota, Nebraska and Wisconsin. The
fair is to last two weeks, beginning
the Bth proximo, and will doubtless
contribute much toward advancing
the dairy interests of the country.
Just as we finish writing the above
wc are in receipt, from Mr. Hals, the
Secretary, of the prize list of the Nsi
tiomil Kxliihitiou of Poultry to l>e
held at Indianapolis in January, un
der the auspices of the Indiana Poul
try Association. The pamphlet it
self is a iH'auty, and its contents a
surprise to any who are not already
j aware of the great importance the
: poultry interests of the country
have recently assumed. There are
ino less than twenty classes, with
very many sub divisions under each
class. We have not time to foot up
the premiums ottered, but they must
run well up into the thousands of
dollars. The first and largest one is
a "special" of one hundred dollars j
cash, offered by Stoddard, editor of
our valued contemporary, the I'oul
lr;/ World , for white Cochins, From
this down to two dollars for cage of j
white mice, everything imaginable in '
poultry or pets, is included. The I
irrepressible Stoddard will lie on
hand, and w ill publish a daily edition
of one hundred thousand copies of,
the Worhl , devoted exclusively to the
great show and its interests. As illus
trations of the rapidly increasing im
portance of poultry and the dairy
among the fanning interests of the
country, these exhibitions are signifi
cant.
AT the late meeting of the Vir
ginia State (Jrange, the Master, in
I his annual address, insisted that the
Department of Agriculture should be
"dignified to a position in the Cabi
net said of agricultural papers that
"they have saved thousands of dol
lars to the farmers ; but their influ
ence for good is far greater in the
educational feature than in the pe
cuniary one," and suggested that "if
farmers would devote more of their
means to the education of their sons
and daughters than to adding acres
to their farms, they would have no
reason to complain that all the exec
utive and legislative positions of the
country are filled by professional
men." This is all very true, and
very well put by Master Ilaylor:
but with his sweeping denial that
anything has ever been done for ag
riculture; that "for this there has been
no thought, no sympathy, no exer
tion ; it has been suffered to languish
from neglect by those whose duty it
was to foster and encourage it," we
cannot wholly agree. Master Ilay
lor must be wilfully closing his eyes.
FOR the necessarily limited space
which we devote to agricultural sub
jects, we cannot pretend to give even
hints as to the work which needs at
tention from week to week, nor do
we think it advisable so to do. Just
now, however, we want to call atten
tion to two very important matters
which our observation teaches arc
too often neglected, viz; the timely
and pro|>er care of farming imple
ments, and the opening of surface
drains on the w heat and clover fields.
Even on the Is-st
tools are sometimes dur>r-puny
months, either left lying out where
last used, or hnstily and carelessly
thrown under the sheds without lie
ing put in proper condition. Now is
the time to gather them up, clean
and oil them, and carefully put them
out of harm's way for the winter. If
they need repairs from ordinary wear
and tear or breakages, these may le
postponed until the stormy days of
winter make indoor work particular
ly desirable, but every day that any
valuable implement is permitted to
remain exposed to the deteriorating
influences of the weather or the rav
ages of rust consequent upon the
filthiness of its condition, shortens
its "life" more than the hardest day's
work that can Ins exacted of it.
(lather them up, clenu and oil, and
put them away. It will /my b>tl> r
than an invcefmrnt of their mine in
government bond*.
In the matter of draining a few
hours or days can lie most profitably
sjient in opening ways for the escape
of water which will surely collect in
the "low places" in the wheat fields
Ixitwecn this and fair spring weather.
Of course it would lie better to un
derdrain, but this is expensive, and
cannot always lie done, and the next
thing is to "surface drain." With a
team and plow, and one or two men
with shovels, furrows can lie o|icned
in a short time which will eirectually
remove all surface water from places
which would otherwise be "drowned
out" during the coming wot times.
The lalior and expense of plowing
and seeding has already Ik-cii incur
red, and it seems a pity thut acre
alter acre of "well-set" grain should
he rendered entirely unproductive
for the want of n little udditionul
time and labor. In this connection
wo quote the following from the
Attn riciin Agriculturist. Do not neg
lect this matter; attend to it to-mor
roir: "A simple protection for metal
lic- surfaces, as of plows, and indeed
of all other implements, tools and
many household articles, is n mixture
of say u pint of lard and a piece of
tosin (resin) the size of an egg, melt
ed with it. This supplies a sort of
I cheap varnish that may Ik- ruhls-d on
with a elotlc very thinly. The rosin
will shut out air aud moisture-, and
1 keep the surface bright."
Milk-Producing Feed.
A correspondent of the St or I- Jour
\ nut states that he is short of hay for
his dairy, and can buy bran at sll
per ton, ami corn meal at sls per
ton, and asks from which he will get
the best result in milk, proportioned
to the cost. The reply of the Jour
nal is full of instruction, in plain,
well-chosen words, and w<- quote it
entire for the benefit of tlu- many of
our Centre county fanners who find
themselves iu much the same situa
tion as the Jnunml's correspondent:
brail is peculiarly u milk producing
food. It large percentage of albumin
Olds supplies the casein 111 the milk all -I
replaces th<- muscular wnteof the cow'*
system. It has been determined, by
numerous experiments, that the milch
cow requires, fur H large yield of milk,
a nitrogenous food, nii.-li m pea meat,
oat, o,t meal, bran, g -oil clover hav.
etc. Corn iiu-itl may be fed wall good
clover bay, or with any of these intra
geltous foods, I.ut it contain* !■* Inge A
proportion of starch, or carbon, to lu
ted largely by itself or wall poor bay,
straw, etc. The following table gives
the (ierinall analysis o( the digestible
elements HI bran, corn meal, and clover
bay ;
Al' i.liille < . t| ,
oi u hj-Irtui. Fet Km Its* j
H.! f .n I* 4. T • 1 -.i :
• • n . 4 •• 4 4 • .....111
( Im; (Wjr * •. i: .. : # j
The proportion of dige-tible elements
fixes tbe value of a food. The Hermans
claim, in their experiment', to have de
termined the preci-e pro|>or(ion digest
ilde in most ot the feeding stull". Ibe
values given are those ol the Herman
standard, but in this countty can only
be said to be th- proportional value.
• 'nurse wheat bran is determined to be
worth $1.04 to corn iiiea! $1 11 per bun
dre<i pounds ; and as wheal bran has a
nutritive ratio ol I to 3.'. and corn meal
1 to s.fi, showing how much more nitro
genous the bran is, and, consequently,
now much better Adapted to feeding
tnilrh cows wah common bay or straw
Put we should advise our correspondent
to feed I lb. of corn meal to .1 lbs, of
bran, which will give a mixture contain
ing one ot nitrogenous to | . carbohy
drate*— a well balanced food to add to
hay or even straw, bran t* very rich
tn the mineral elements ol food—rich
in phosphate of lime and potash,
to build and supply the waste of the
lernes. It is not ill digestible, but this
part goes to enrich the manure. It is
found, where rows are fed bran on pas
tine, that the pastures grow better year
by year. The mineral constituents
amount to nearly five times as much in
bran as iu corn-meal. It is evident
then that, at the prices mentioned by
"••hto Farmer," bran is the cheapest
food ; but as corn meal is richer in starch
and fat, it is well to nux a small propor
tion—say one fourth, as mentioned—
and tin* esja-cially in winter, when car
bnn is required to keep up animal heat,
bran at sll per ton, is cheaper than
hav ; and it is Iwtter to make up the
deficiency in bran and corn meal, in the
proportion given, than to buy hay ; be
sides, you cannot get a good yield of
milk in winter on hay alone.
Feeding Troughs for Poultry.
Frn tb<* American Pmllry YaH
Feeding troughs for poultry, projt
erly constructed, ought to IK- gener
ally substituted for the wasteful prac
tice of feeding from the ground. The
"reasons why" arc obvious. Where
there is a scramble for the food that
is thrown helter-skelter the weak are
prevented by the strong from getting
their share until the latter are satis
fied and the food is trampled in the
dirt. It is no advantage to fowls to
eat sand, dirt or gravel mixed with
their food. The gravel nnd other
indigestible substances necessary to
the proper trituration of their food in
the gizzard can be given separately,
and should lie. A simple trough may
lie made, defended by slats placed
vertically or on n convenient angle,
with spaces sufficient for the passage
of the head, thus preventing the I
trampling and soiling of the food,
which will not be wasted, ns in the
case where It Is thrown carelessly on
the ground.
This will answer for those who
have but few fowls, nnd keep them
in confined quarters, with food con
stantly liefore them, but for the farm
er, whose: fowls have n wide range,
from which to secure the greater part
of their living, it is sheer nonsense.
Fowls n situated should never be fed
enough to "satisfy" any of them, as
the word is used by our esteemed
contemporary, and there is no lictter
way to give them what they should
have tlinn to scatter it widely over a 1
closely eaten or mowed sot!. Fed it
limited quantity in thin way, regu
larly, night and morning, and com
pelled to hunt and scratch through
I tin- day for the remainder of their
I living, the weak will get their full
share as well as the strong, and all
will do better than if the feed is
dumped out to them in troughs and
large quantities at a litift, Ketncin
ber, we are not advocating "scrimp
-1 ing" the feed.
A Farmers' Lecture Course at the Peun*
sylvania State College.
In order to meet the wants of
farmers who desire to increase their
ability to successfully prosecute their
calling, the Pennsylvania State Col
lege oilers the following facilities:
On Monday, the iJfith day of Jan
uary, iHsil, the Faculty will la-gin a
special course of instruction extend
ing through four wee ks, consisting
of two lectures on each of live days
in the week ; and further exercises
equivalent to a third lecture will lx
given daily. The course will em
brace agricultural chemistry, hot
any, entomology, physiology, social
science, plowing, sub-soiling, fertil
izers, grain crops, rotation of crops,
stock breeding, fruit growing, dairy
ing, soiling cattle, forest culture,
rural law, rural architecture, farm
mechanics, flower gardening, forage
crops, drawing, roads, bridges, com
mon schools, landscape gardening,
vegetable gardening, book keeping,
Ac.
•In three evenings of each week
meetings for discussion and the in
terchange of opinions and experi
ences will IK- held, to which wdl be
invited persons who have become
successful and noted in sis-cial de
partment-. of agriculture. <ln tin
other evenings the persons attending
the course will IK: welcomed to the
lectures, rhectorieal exercises, society
meetings and other services which
come regularly in the order of the
College work.
The course will Is- open to every
person. No charge whatever will be
made for instructions, or the us- of
the public rooms of the College.
Persons desiring to room in the
building will Ik- permitted to do so
011 the payment of five dollars for
the whole time embraced by the
course. This sum will pay for rent,
fuel and use of such furniture as the
institution provides for students
rooming in the building, viz : sufgle
Ix-dstcad, mattress, table, washstand
and chairs. The occupants of each
room will provide for themselves nil
other articles, including lights, lxxl
clothes and towels. It will Is- seen,
therefore, that js-rsons not rooming
in the building will have no payment
whatever to make to the College.
Table lx>ard can lc had in the
m-igh!x>rhood at $3 |x-r week ; and,
In-foic the time named for the open
ing of the course, the officers of the
College will endeavor to make ar
rangements by which farmers, and
others in the vicinity, will receive
boarders at lower rates.
The above course will lo given,
provided that by the 31st of Decern-
IHT, IH*SI, applicants sufficient in
number to justify the prosecution of
the plan shall have notified the Pres
ident of the College of their inU-n
--tention to attend. All such |>ersoiis,
therefore, are urged to communicate
their purpose to the President trt'Motd
delay; and he will at once send them
such additional information as may
then seem needful. Address,
I'res't. JAMES CAI.HER,
State College, Centre county, Ps.
llowr.vr.H plausible an agricultural
theory, the careful farmer will not
largely emliody it in his prscticc un
til it has ln-en satisfactorily tested
by practical experiments under va
rious conditions.
Anvicic to ahccpowncrs—"Knact a
dog law of your own. The dogs will
prefer a fresh piece of meat with a
little strychnia folded inside, to tin
killed mutton."
HARDIN anys: "Buy n big udder
nnd it matters little what kind of a
cow is attached to it, for all the other
I>ointa are merely accessories."
TIIK present is probably as good a
time as nny in the Tear to cut out the
canes of raspberries and blackber
ries that have lorne fruit.
TIIKRF. is nothing on the farm that
sooner feels neglect than the dairy
cow.
A tfood family pajver, the CENTRE
DEMOCRAT.
Among Our Oontcmjioraries.
Our old frlond, the American Agrieultur.
Mt, (we have read it regularly for near!
twenty-live year., and nipect XA> read It
regularly a. long a. we .hall read anything, :
and are therefore entitled to eall it "old
friend ), ha. rent u. it. proapcctu* and
premium li.t for IhRO. A. u.ual, iu prus
| ax-tun prom i.e. lot. of good thing, for the
new year, and a. in our long acquaintance
with it we have never known the Agrirul
(m ill to break a promise, we have rea.on
to helieve that tile volume for IHHU will he
a better one than any that ha. proceeded
it , and Ihit U a. high prai.e a. we can
give. It. premium li.t i. .imply wonder
ful, embracing no lea. than hi? books,
and -i-VI diHermit arliele., including almo.t
every imaginalile thing, from an HO-uero
farm or aelf-rake reaper, down to a jtocket
comb or toy wheelbarrow. To aid in cir
fii.ating the Agriculturist i. alwny. to do
g'eel, and by it. arrangement for premium.
it give. g.Kal pay for doing it. Whether
you want to tub • rile- lor it or not, it will
in/so M. Mr I art,l,l, A < tianlirar, th at, ,*
HARDWARE!
W II, SOX, McFAI { TJ A N K A: CO.
DK AI. Kits IN
STOVES, RANGES =" HEATERS.
A Ls i
Paints, < tils, t• lass ami \ arnislics
AND
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OFFICIAL DIRECTORY.
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AATING. D M'! ILALAY IN GTAING TLIMW PUW NRAUI A TILAL. U
THAT WILL FWFW T- U
PRIRA. FR LARGO HO*. RI, AANL TN ANY PARI NF THA
I NITWL PTATO* OR CV*NAU. HY MAIL, ON RA L|.T OF PVTRTO.
A44RMN,
ASII k NOHHINS,
• 'A *" RLK.H LIRWI, IAF,. KLIN. B. R.
FITS, EPILEPSY,
OR
FAUMAH MI HTIM
I >KKMANKNTI,V CRITED—NO
T IIHOII'II* BY M. MO.HI'I OF OR. QH
LERD • COLCBR.I.D T.FLNTBL# FIF P.WDCIO, TI- RMR,.
IIK-R I#IRI.N I HA, IBW |....L. R. ,111 A|| RIAL*
FUR IHI-F, R WIL] W,., U,. N , ~Y MAIL, NWR R.I, ■ RTU
TAI.A ML. A* TH AHWLANL I. TB. .ML, PL.YM.UA THAI
HA. ~ MAD. IHL. ILMW A AFMRM MWLY. AMI A* TO
IMR KAUMF LH .IUN L. HA.R LM RAN.IRII, ,MR
"I PY LH •' I IHAM I'.. I>*. WI WIU HI ,IRU I
RTAA.OAAT <A, IN NY NAM, ~, A MAN TO. ,U.
CT UMNTN ALL ..IFLRTRR, H.ML<! THMA
INIOIIRR. AN RARLY IN.I, AND BO NRNVLNRUL OF 11,. I, RORA-
U,l* PRNNI.
PRTC, F..R TAR*, HOT, |A.NA OR 4 BOOM AH FIN IN, ML
L.Y MAIL to ANY PART OF LB T'NILNL MAIM OR "
ON RORUPL OF PRTRO ,* BY R AB-MA. R. R, . A<MIMB
ASM k KOHRINH,
M-LY MU FALL.HI XTR—H. BR...LLY, PI, T.
jiy you to the hantl.orno premium ii*t
—publUhod H> H tuj.plement to the Octet mr
number, and in uniform ttyle with it—a*
u picture book lor the children, HMIJ it will
hi' tent frit; ot • hnr|fe and j.oitnjp' paid, if
you will tend rw|uent for it, with your
name and addre.i on a poatai card, to the
Orariß Judd Co., 2II> Broadway, N. w
York.
TIIK PitAf-m AI. PAKMKK in juT what
it* iiaiin- indicate*— /trio tt. ui. Jt j, | racti.
eel in ita editorial*, practical in il corr<--
pondence, practical in iu advertisement!,
and, more than all, prai tii-al in iu price.
Kiiteen large page. H week, and theae all
well.filled with jut what every farmer
need* to read lor that (.articular week, i*
r/,ra/i at four • enU jar week, and at $2 00
je-r year—the price of the Farmer— tbi* in
more than it co*u. Iu editorial! are able,
it Corretja,ndenre plainly practical and
timely, and, all in all, it j one of the be*l
pajH'it puhlithed for I'efihtylv.fija farr,,ert.
Published at fi]H Walnut St , Philadtdj.hia,
hy the Farmer f'olii|.anv.
fJI I.U:I < INTI: ,v SNOW sum:
0I K TWfctt. I. , tM |
"• ■•"""• In It-li-f. . la
11 '■ . n *' *""* ' **
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l"" 1W11J..(,n s , * arrlia. at !■• n. ,
' •" ► * IAS : I I. KIIMAM-.
at K|°rinlni|r*i
I>A I.l> I;A<II.■: VAI.I.KV HAIL
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i m M. ramiH witui .. v.
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I >KNNSVLVAM.\ UAILBOAD.
n-.'rvv: 1
WR7 WARI>.
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Kit- Mail *<*!.„ ItaTMi
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"i". *' rU, " , " ,, "1n.l lth L A 11. K.
R fur M itAntarr. an.l fArrant..n
Kit. Mat I W..1, !MA-I Kl|.~. WAF. B A KH*
Ktprina. M .al, .nd U*k 11.t.1, AMNNA 4IUOT. WTML
n,.k..1 m ,, M , M ,,| M llltani.porl ailn X C K
•* 'Mjn ri"rih
Kit. Mall Wt. Klacara Ktprtm Waal. an 4 Ta*
w ;*R £z nm ~" u " m " M
Kfl. Mail K.| and Wt rx, snarl at Krla still train,
i n I. •> A M K R K at I Mfj vtlh (I C A A V R
R .1 Km|>.l1 ll m a|tk nr, y t RR an lat
Intfla.wal wtit. AV R R r R-. aa lat
fin l-lnnm anl
M illlain-i—M nn Kiu.ra l,i(.n M .at Krt. KinraM
iLTi' K>l an.l la, Ki,.raa.
maitirlt ' K "** . K ** 1 .ar.,.n .T|
meat train. M s A H.u aia.
fHK ( ENTRE DEMOCRAT
BOOK ami JOB OFFICE
HUSH HOUSE BLOCK,
BKLLKPONTK, PA.,
IS mow orrKßtxo
GREAT INDUCEMENTS
TO THOSK W tan INO riRST-CLASS
Plain or Fancy Printing.
Wo hsvo untwußl fcilitio* for printing
LAW R<IOK!A,
PAMPHLETS,
CATALOGUES,
PIUKIRAM MES.
STATEMENTS,
CIRCULARS,
MILL lIKADS,
NOTE HEADS,
BUSINESS CARDS,
INVITATION CARDS,
CARTES DK VISITK, .
CARDS ON KNVXLOPKS,
AND ALL KINDS OF BLANKS.
MTPrinting dono in the boot ityle, on
.hurt notice and at the lownot ratw.
MTOrdiri bj mull will receive prompt
attention.