She € nitre fJwtwrcat. NK L LKFONTK, PA. a-i cT7 x- rrxr Tt jo. x-. NKWS, FACTS AXII SIKXIKHTIONB. TUN TUT r TNI SATIONAI I* TNI INTII.iI UINCI ANN rSUNI-tSITt or TMB lAIMH Every farmer in Ais annual ejepenente discovers S'iniethiny of ratus. Writ* H ami send it la Ihe "Agricultural Editor at the DEMOI'HAT, Hellefonte, I'enn'u," that other farmers may hare the benefit aj if. Let communication be timely, and be sure that they are. brief and t celt /tainted. THE current number of the Scien tific Amcrican contains a finely illus trated article, describing a new in vention now under trial in France, for plowing by the use of electricity as a motive power. This may do for France, hut we have doubts as to its speedy adoption by Centre county farmers. A CORRESPONHKNT of the Vrurticul Farmer asks for information regard ing "new and improved grinders for mowing machine knives." Wc heart • ily recommend to this inquirer, and to ali other farmers who own or run mowers or reapers, the Farmer's Favorite Finery Grinder, made by the Wood .Manufacturing Co., at Worcester, Mass. We have used one during the season just closed, and we credit it with having increas ed tlje effective value of our machines at least ten per cent., and that is a good deal more than the price of the grinder. THE matter of growing roots fur stock-feeding is attracting more and more attention from farmers every year, and to stimulate this impor tant interest, and supply the infor mation sought for upon the subject, Messrs. Land roth and Son, of Phila delphia, who make a specialty of seeds of this kind, have published a pamphlet of near fifty pages, devot ed entirely to its consideration. Tens of thousands of copies of this little ' work have been distributed free of cost to the patrons of the house, and it is sent to an) - one at the nominal cost of twenty-five cents. It is well worth while to send for and carefully examine it. Now that "harvest is ended" and wc are about to enter earnestly into preparation for putting out next year's crop, let us stop and think a little. Can we not accomplish some thing in the direction of "making fanning pay," by a decrease in the number of acres put out, and an in crease of manure, labor, and care in til the work of preparation upon those acres ? Let us try it. A | hundred bushels of wheat cannot be produced on ten acres of ground at a cost of much less than one hundred dollars. Wc Itelicvc that the same number of bushels can lie produced on five acres at a cost of but little, if any, more than fifty dollars. That means debt; this means "making farming pay." Nurserymen, or Tree Peddlers. At a recent convention of nursery men held in Cleveland, a report was presented and resolutions adopted, endorsing and adhering to the prac ticc of selling trees through the mcdi* urn of traveling agents. Wc cannot but think the time has come when this system should be abandoned. However much may have been said in its favor in times past, there is nothing to warrant its continuance. Means of communication between nurserymen and planters have multiplied to such an extent that the "tree peddler" can find no excuse for his existence, and the sooner it is ended the better, not only for planters, but for the nursery men themselves, and wc advise our farmer readers to contribute to this end by refusing to deal with him. While there are, no doubt, honest and reliable men among these itiner ant tree sellers, these are in the mi nority, and misrepresentation nnd \ deception are found to characterize the greater number, and you are |>cr fectly safe in refusing to buy of nny of them. When you want to plant trees, —and Just here, let us byway of parenthesis, urge the im|>ortance of planting much more largely than we do, particularly of forest trees, — either go to your local nurserymen and make your selections in person, or look over the advertising columns tn your agricultural paper, and write to some one of those whose adver tisements you And there, and the probability in that you will IK- honor ably treated, ami get Just what you order and pay for. If, however, you listen to the blandishments of the oily-tongucd "peddler," and allow yourself to be persuaded to make your purchases of him, the chances are nine out of ten that your spec ulation will end in vexatious dis appointment, and you will lie dis couraged from making any further attempts. Respectable nurserymen owe it to themselves, as well as to the public from whom they derive their profits, to abolish this system of selling, and we hope to soon learn that better counsels prevail among j them. Poultry on the Farm. The French farmers, who surpass : all the world iu their understanding and appreciation of the small econo mies of agriculture, si t great store by the products of their poultry yards, accounting them one of the chief spokes in the wheel of their agricultural fortune. It is said that in France scarcely a meal is eaten without eggs or poultry forming some part of it; and yet their expor tations of the surplus amount to astonishing figures, sending to Eng land alone near $10,000,000 worth of eggs per year. Many of the small tenant farmers of France pay their rents from the products of their poultry yards alone. We give these facts as illustrating tin; money value of good, well-kept poultry to our farmers. We do not mean to say 1 that large establishments, devoted exclusively to poultry, such as are maintained in large numbers among the French, would pay with us. The idea wc desire to impress upon our Centre county farmers is that a pro|>- er number of ijoml fowls, well cared for, and provided with projer accom modations, will pay a larger percent age on the cost, than can Is? obtain ed from any other department of farm production with the same ex penditure of time and trouble. If the weaker members of the house hold on the farms of Centre county —the girls and boys, and those who by infirmity of body or weight of years are incapacitated for the heavy labors of the farm—would turn their atten tion to this matter, we believe that within two years the profits of our farmers would be increased at least twenty |>er cent. This is the time to take the subject into consideration. The crowding and pushing and hurrying incident "hay atul harvest" arc aliout over and you have "time to think." I.ook to your Ihicks of half-grown chick ens; select from them all the earliest and finest pullets, and give them a little extra feed and care, marketing or eating all the rejected young stock, and ail the old stock hut a few HT the choicest hens to lie reserved for earlv setters in the spring. Between this and cold weather provide for your pullets comfortable—not necessarily expensive—quarters; aliout October or November, when breeders of good fowls arc disusing of their surplus stock, secure from some of them a good cockerel of whatever breed your fancy or judgment may dictate ; give your fowls intelligent care dur ing the winter; read the DEMOCRAT regularly, and put into practice the hints and suggestions it will give from time to time upon the subject, and our word for it you will lie as de lighted as you will lc surprised at the "pleasure and profit" you will de rive from your poultry yard. Bye in Corn. Mr. W. p. Belknap, of Gohlfiehl, lowa, makes a good suggestion rela tive to sowing rye in corn before the last plowing: "If farmers will sow one half bushel of winter rye to the acre in their corn, and plow h in the last time, it will not onljf have a tendency to choke out the weed* that *larl lip afterward, but there will be no danger of dry murrain among rattle from eating too freely of dry stalk*, as the rye will remain green through the winter and will he eaten by stock in preference to the corn-fod der. It makes a desirable feed for all kinds of stock and aid* materially to the quality and quantity of milk pro duced, beside* proving a saving of from one to two tons of hay for every acre oWn— and last hut not least, it afford* a green crop to plow under in the spring which will renew and enrich the land," MII.K STOOLS will not cure a kick ing cow. Neither will the toe of a boot, a club or a pitchfork. Beating the English. English agriculture, with all that |H>rtaiiis thereto, lias been held up be i fore American farmers as a sampler, |so long and ho persistently, that wo Igivecomc to consider the little island ; a sort of agricultural paradise which I it would bo prcHumptious in iih to 1 criticize or even try to emulate. It i seems, however, that when fair com petition is assured we can beat our i English cousins as badly in the do | main of agriculture, as we do on the j turf, the rifle-range, the sculling eourse or the walking track. The exhibition of the I loyal Agricultural j Society, held in London, and com mencing June 30, was open to the productions of all the world, instead : of I icing confined to native products j as heretofore, and both first and sec ond prizes fur butter were awarded to American makers—the first prizo to New York, ami the second to lowa—and the first prize for honey was awarded to an American exhibit made by Messrs. 11. K. and F. B. Thurlier, of New York. The Lou don olllee of the .Messrs. Thurlier represented the parties who won the liuttcr prizes, and we take it for granted that both samples' were salted with the "lliggin's Eureka Salt," which is handled in the United States by Messrs. Thurlier. While we are glad to be able to win first prizes from our English bn thrcn of the plow, we regret to learn that they are suffering serious drawbacks as a result of an unfavorable season. Mr. Meclii, the noted farmer, writes to the Timr. as follows: Another week of flooding itorrn* and low temperature ha* put the finishing stroke to the agricultural dixaatcr. It it now I (mi laic for the crop* to recover. They are comuderahly injured even oil well farmed and drained lamb, while on ill farmed and undruined lands the matter i simply ruinou*. The wheat will sutler lea* than the apring crop*. W ceding i liopelcw. ami utilea* we get the promised hot, dry weather many graaae* ami clover < rop* and even pea* will rot ungathered. Thought* of Thinking Tanners. fr. tu r. t 1 nre ..f Coifitry ii'nlUniiA To the question—"Would you con sider a well-bred animal a good fac tory for the manufacture of fertili zers aside from the profit or value to 1M? obtained directly from the food in butter or fat?"—l would reply, that dcqiendH upon circumstance*.. Gener ally speaking, I should say there is no object in keeping live stock for the sake of making manure, Broad ly considered, the only use of ma nure is to produce food, or fibre. But to obtain manure by destroying servicable food, or fibre,"is of itself obvious waste, the |Krest food of man, or of domestic animals, and the least serviceable fibre-, Ising worth more than the- manure that can 1M- made from them under nearly all conditions likely to occur. Under all ordinary circumstances, the labor, the flesh, milk or w 00l of our animals is worth more than the in thickly settled regions the value of tiie manure is no inconsiderable part of tlie profit of keeping live stock. In any case agricultural profit con sists in converting cheap materials or agents into more valuable ones, ami if the food devoted to cattle keeping, Ac., lie not hereby trans formed into something which, added to the manure, exceeds the cost of the food, there is no profit. There inay be exceptional cases, or localities, where the manure is un usually valuable-—as for tobacco raising—and feed unusually cheap, where the animal may possibly pay simply as a manure factory; but I incline to-belicve that the profit in any such case could 1M? got, nnd more than got, by substituting something else for the animal. It certainly would not pay to use the animal its-if directly as manure, after finishing with it as a manure factory. I cannot understand what some arc said to have asserted, that any part or kind of cattle or pig food, will, in ordinary farming, pay for itself in the manure. The more food we give to our live stock the more ma nure they will make, and the richer the food Is in fertilizing elements, viz., nitrogen, phosphates, Ac., the richer will he the manure; but I should never feed anything simply and solely for the snke of making more manure, or better ma nure. The business of feeding should be conducted with the single purpose of getting the highest return from the food and animals in the forms of horse power, flesh and fat, milk, Ac., and the manure should IK? regarded as a secondary or Incidental though not unimportant result. There is something in a heavy sod that will |>erfect a crop even in an unfavorable season. I never have failed of a good crop on such land. Boil will soon IM? renovated after partial deterioration, If grass can be densely set on the surface ; and this mode of renovation, 1 claim, Is the quickest, surest and obeapest of any. There never was a mistake made ho full of lohh to tin; farmer as to allow naturally good noil to dete riorate :it all, and when farmers un derstand and act on this principle, our productions will never fall below nil average, or even to this point. Nature seems to require that to keep up the fertility, all noils must have a covering of vegetable growth in some form, and we will act wisely to follow and assist nature to this end. Kven oil that is rich or very rich in plant food, will get poor by remaining destitute of vegetable growth. How often we nee soils made very rich by market gardeners, during a short period waiting for a special crop, become covered with, minute plant growth or vegetable covering! Ilcncc chick-weed, a seem ing pest of the gardener, will grow even in winter and form a thick mass on the smfucp. In the absence of the chick-weed or other growth, a kind of moss will coat the surface. While the gardener curses what to him seems n pest, he forgets that na ture is aiding him to hold the fertili ty mid incease it, and is only a hint in a plain way to keep his soil cover ed with some crop of a suitable na ture to assist in retaining and increas ing the fertility, and nearly or all th'iso volunteer crops of vegetation only step in where mnn leaves off good culture and rotation, as an aid and a stimulus to greater exertion on the part of the farmer, in this na ture make no mistake. \\ e can, by persistence, thwart nature in her de signs, and itnpovciish our land, but the same unerring and unfailing fin ger of nature still remains, pointing out our mistakes, and w ill, if follow ed, force us back to the normal con dition, and still point to higher ad vances in vegetable product. Nothing is proper!y manure unh *. reduced to a state ready for plant food. Straw and coarse material will make plant food, but no plant can get food from a bundle of straw in that State. If I can afford enough manure to enrich the soil bv incorporation eight inches deep, I plow in and mix to this depth, but if I can only apply enough to enrich three inches in depth, I make that three inches the surface, and if I can thoroughly in corporate manure enough into three inches of sui face soil. I regard it as the greatest achievement in farming. There has l-cn much ridicule le -stowed on "Jacks of all trades," Isit my experience in life, nowr some what l< ngthencd, is to the effect that a farmer w ho does not, when required, branch out into what may IM- called the professions, and become handy at many things, even of a scientific na ture, is s|x-nding a good many of his days to little pur|xsc. Among Our Contemporaries. . IVt's Itlutlra'td Monthly for July has reached our table, an-1 i* as tasty and spicy a* ever. It* article* are all origin a! and practical, and illustrated by no b * than fifty-three handsome engrav ing", beidea the very elegant full-page chromo of Abutdon*. Tht ' en nlry firntlcrmn come" to ti reg ularly, and i< always welcomed and Carefully read. Of the many agricul tural weeklies published ill the country we know of none which maintain* a higher standard of usefulness to the every day farmer. 7V ,1/oAih Hrjtitrr notes the death of a number of distinctively agricultural journals in the South during the p.v t year or two, and attribute* this state of afl'iiirs to the fact that many misoel I tneou* journals maintain well-filled and carefully - edited agricultural tie. part merit*. This is eminently the - use with the AVw York WorfiL As a news paper it stands head and shoulders above the majority of its metro|>oli tan contemporaries, and its agricultural page is edited with a degree of care which render* its teaching* worthy of the no*l implicit confidence. For the farmer who wants a city paper, the semi weekly at per year, or the weekly at $1 per year, will fill the hill. Land Only an Opportunity to Apply Labor. fwni tbo Vtnral Jfe-w Y..?krr Land, indeed, is only valuable BH it affords an np|M>rtunity to apply lalior, and the accumulated product of lalior —capital. Without these, land will yield no profit; and just in propor tion as labor and capital are judici ously expended upon it, can land IM? made a tneans of adding to our wealth —that is, to "pay." * • * We do not get our living from the land ; we get it from the lalior and capital laid out on the land. This concentration of effort upon small areas of soil is something little un derstood ill America. Pig Pork. OivrNtnodftif# t4 Hm/*I Hint Yorker. Let all who doubt that pig |Kirk is preferable to old hog pork, tost both, and I In-lieve they will always use pig pork in their family, when possi l-!'\ and sell the old hog pork. The nicest as well as cheapest pork a farmer can tnnke, is that obtained by feeding pigs all they will cat until aix or eight months old, when they should be butchered. J I A HI)WAKE. AVILSON, MttiMiHp|ih)Us,liitMliif ttni 'on.ro.-li'Mi. ,t„. I lel. it h•.! I lijr in, ,j| >ll( | f u ' rM UI,. I* itli * | u| .f | of Wall f, ft.,f| •l-uti,' Ilea]tLful wti'l t-m\ of ri ' mm, hnrr.nifclitig w-firy un'rj T.U. ia M|-tiruiol, .11, mil, uh! all> l t),|i lie. >|.|lM> arm an.l kind, i.i. l mi ikia.iugti. fU oeflle Fifty ' -nU 4t-4n> to n I*, tb" i r. jrii4tf to !•. ti Mti'lr-n!* Ml miy . ' :< ■ 1 • i lf |r • • . . . .. t . | ; Sr!l. 11. I'ltjisutofj 111 Lo t-. Mm i l\. Ml tit tfcjt nt ' • Ur i *..!., ■ lit., HI M . n A „ lit*- I'. o. itlat % ni.'l + tit If ' if .• a| < J. ~ fanlutiil, m 4 aiuiii.t* ;;,ii,,'.., ■ tlirfHn ..,.• Mafr l i;.lettia, i - fMitr-g ih ; wing m\ ; |w.r !|.g .Jej-Kw-e Mmlo ifi!„ - . -.t. t. 1M . Df of llwftilrijin# Gffeluat.-* ill t|*e {.Of. NotrnuJ .1 tlfirato* of tUHf fttUlbiii. uta >., iii . 1 i.i 111. F-tr'ilt* 7!. I*r it nloMj m- Mil ar* in ti. . ' m ' -1 lor I •' ' r : •(!.■.. 7,# rut# f.- ,I. a || f Iff Jet - t ~11/ , 71- llttltt • • 1.... llt I| , || |o |e, t. o . t a of tt.ia f ♦ 't ■ la ell • t ae ,• . i * f , t.|h gift* !■ Itgr t *l,<| .ff, ,t,l t* Iff f.f It* t a It*#,. J•• ti'ta rn lit ■oil' lt } ■ l|tlj( |Mf. •if ..I u'iit.-a 0.1 '' • ' I" i " ' 1,1 ■- w —tm in . j ~0 * '•if tt.e r.f,l 1... ir t!*„t, tl . |*,j., Vt| iMoI.U. Vt* t-1,( i; .i J * Trilew# r Miitrtt *. reury k f .i i| lUf' A II |s*at. J* Lilt M. I. I* * i \ J . M \\ i. . 11. (i.< a - | | •i\ K.t In-., \\ hi. kf . ; II I. h i,t a | J C • \\ !,*{. ; J a. M' if til - V, r M a • .itf. I A.• < i.rur 'if.|| , W,:hi„ In, ;■ i nj.JTly r JMIK CLNTKi: DILMot KAT BOOK and .JOB OFFICE HUSH HOUSE iii/m k, BKLI.KKONTK, I'A, I" Now OFF Kill XU GKK AT IN D ITK MKN TS TO WIMIIXU Kia*T-ct.Asa Plain or Fancy Printing. We have timi.ual fn tl;ti<- f. r printing LAW HooKS. PAMPHLETS CATALOGUES, PKOtiKA M MRS. HTAT KMKNTS, CI RCl' I.A ItS, HILL HKADS, NOTK lIKAPS, BUSINESS CAKDS, INVITATION CABHS, CARTES I* E VJ-ITK. CABHS ON ENVELOPES, AND ALL KINDS OF BLANKS. 6S?" Printing d< n#> in the Ipoi rtylo, on h>>rt notice n<] at the h.w-e.i rale,. gQTOrder. by mail will receive prom] t attention. rkmxmbkh tiik rt.aea I CENTUM DEMOCRAT OFFICE, liu.h Jhntut ItUtfk, IllOfl STRKKT, tIKI.I.KruXrK, PA. ! GREAT REDUCTION. ECONOMY IS WEALTH. Tic ZZZA. S" Ma:iinci reduced te cc'.v •1.50 PER WEEK. I form* IV NVnan I 'roi- to "THE FAMILY" SHUTTLE COR 8K WI N G \JU\J MACHINE. M untwl wfoti fine f*-lial wl "iled Mark walnut t*-p 1414 c AIM) treadle, ■ tuple t wMb • MMlt Fa* h bin* thorough)* warranted with WtTTMi <• Uttrn lot live }nr K*)*t ill order IMI r "ficy Mrni'W at me if not aatiafarf* ry. Ho awit "!M. r-lil lc. and M(bfi tifj machine ever Invent**) ft all ktada of family wk An • - know iedyed atiMiltortl tbr "tjlWy lall and ihm .I In thmmanda of hm* * An • W ioil, illctit, i*j4 I. fcliiMr an.l kc|| work •>f a faintly for a life-tiro*. or II will earn ft• >t ft tsfj. |f 4 Itfce qttaltf v lla* a*tia long U'lrc-arol •lnittle.raaili rem. rl I ik-m li iliß( Irti lanb of llrnwil. il< itif away with Ike frequent f' winding of h..hMita It make* tl.c ahuttJr iHiNnlktml, hark •titeb. ithe tame am ltt ade* of Ik# Work . alti li rerfiral Ik# iinHMT tttllial lb# <#nl#aiiial The flneet. and wool U*tiii| aihhn#r pt>Ma#>#<| It bbvill for atrenlh andenaatant haul Work. Inter • hany cable par la. Mai.of* lured of fine |t,. I|ih| tr'l Will run fur year* without rr|auia. la •unfile to larm.Miy to n.ana#' uud* twtood | miaa or drvm a atitrh. rati lor break the thread. The money the**fully refunded if it will n.-t otdtoii and ot rbaal any marhlne at dowhla the price. If you have any other machine, buy thiv and have a hotter on*, lite eaee and ruj-idttt of it# tic Hon ami uualtty of ita work U Ma heat n* .tmnenda tion. It will hem. fell, tin k. braid, rord, land, father, (foil!, ruffle, pleat, fold. ueaiiop. ahlrr, ndl, #mltvlilw. mn np krwiltha. •!# , vlth elegance, euae and (fuhkneaa, uuurpaa**d by any ma? hine ever in tented The Prlrea of our utw ma< hi row are lea* than thfwe waked by dealer* In a*-. .*4 hand, rebuilt and reflitUhed marhlnea.or the** aellini out i pter* may ha. an 4 aaf. aat'ua *staixrm* "W pxjmMil t Mil. < nv-Hpr of Mt h* Ihr'Mfml l*M-r. Iloa.l ordor. ■ lain '!'• Ml I*4 tbrnaglKMl lb* mnattr far thli, tba tbraf-.1, .l aattafartory aad raiiid .r Iliac aaarlUaa inbr*.irM r* llUral aJdrna FAMILY aUITTTi.It MArillXß 00., 1*1? 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