prnoo procuring n* ten c*h Btrrtb#r will hw •• lit * copy free of rtmrgo.' Our extenive circulation make* thi pa|er an tin utualty reliable and profitable medium for aurertlalog We hare the hnut ample faclll'lea fr J"M WORK and are prepared to print all kind* of IW*k*. Tracts, Programmee. Poafer*.f'oinmerclal piiutlnit, In th* ttaeet stjle and at the loweat pnaalbla ratea. KATE* >F ADVERTISING __ Tlroe. I in. | J la. j a In. j 4111. j A in. iluta.; .fin 1 Week, 61 00 Pi 93 i 40054 On jn|l2 ■> 2 Week*. 1 6>! 30U 400 u Wij 0 00,11 '"j 10 01 ' 1 Week*. 2 Mlt 3 6U{ f O0 ft 0 7 till jl3 00 1* I*o t Month. 2 601 4 ■; ft 0> 7W- *oo 13 00) .0 U> 2 Month*, 4 i*> ; ft 001 ft no 10 On 12 i> JO | ** •*> 3 Mouth*, ft 00 H 00,12 00 13 00 15 00 23 IM| M <*' ft Mentha, ft 00 12 00 Ift 0t 20 <"t 22 00 3ft i*>j Do 09 1 Year. 12 |lft 24 00 2ft 00|42 00|6t *• Oft) U0 Ailcertiaeioentj* are calculated by the loch in length of nilomii, and any |u (. * I* rated a* a fu'l Inch. Foreign adcertient* mu*t le paid f>r l-fre In aertloa, except <>n yearly ct.ntract*. when half-yearly payment* iti advance will l* required. POLITICAL Nonet*. U cent* per line each Insertion. Nothing Inserted for |i* than So cent*. BrniitM MonCM, in the editorial column*, 15 cent* per Una, each Insertion. lea'AL NoTtcta, In local column*, 10 rent* p*r line. Axtot artxt.xr* of nam-** of candidate* fvr olT.ce, 93 each. Atsot!*cuxxT* or M UitilP ixi> Ptitll ln*erted free; hut all obituary notice* will be charged 5 cent* per line. StrictAL S'"*T|CM 25 per cent, atmve feguUr rate*. THE SOLID SOUTH. We make the following extract* from Ml article written by Hr.xar WATEEJO* ! and published in the January number of the North American It.' Ine: It is givon out, apparently by autho rity, that the Piesident ha* no i• capable of executing the Federal laws, designed in the first place for party service, impartially in the .South. An election never occurs, North or .South, but that on the side of the de feated Ibere is plenty of outcry. Per haps too often there is plenty of reason for outcry. If the foundation of this, true or false, are to be carefully collect ed by hostile agents appointed at Wash ington- for the purpose, how shall we hope ever to be rid of the sources of sectional strife 7 There will never be a party ia power which will not use the machine made to its band. There will never be an election in which it may not be used. It is the machine itself, and the President's unquestionable ap plication of it, which constitute the danger; and, as he declares himself disappointed in the Southern people, it can hardly be hoped that he will not give bis ear rather to the adventurer* who run to him with wild stories than to the leas enterprising and demonstra tive elements of society, which recognise neither his paternity nor his right of serveillance. For why should he be disappointed in the South 7 lle came among us, and we treated him as a Presidrnt and a gentle man should be treated. Did he expect us to break up our party connections and relations and join his party, or unit# with him in making a new party 7 What haa happened in the South the last twslve months which has not hap pened in the North 7 We have reached the millennium in neither section. In both there are disorders snd violence; the strong are unjust; the weak ar trod upon; and good men are not al ways able to quell bad men. Rut is this situation to be mended by renew ing sectional bickerings, and throwing into the flame of evil, which always burns, the combustible materials of partisan interest and malice 7 The principle of home rule haa not yet been denied by any responsible American authority. By the operations of the administrative policy Us practise^ "KiJI.AL AM) EXACT JUSTICE TO A LI. MK.V, Or WHATEVER STATE OR I'KRSI'ASIOK, RKLIUIOVS OK Pol.n l< A L.Ji TKIt.MS* $lK">O JHT A 11 11 11 111 ill TTLTIULF-o was restored in the South. The Presi ' dent claim* that in restoring it ho only did his duty, which is true, and in which I event party payment should not bo ! asked. Undoubtedly beneficent results i have followed. Undoubtedly benefi cent results will continue to follow, j The pnrtisau solidarity of the South is referable, not to unfair election*, but ' ! primarily to the courses pursued re spectively by the republican and demo- > ! cratic parties of the North. The one ! has been friendly ; the other has been ' prescriptive and unfriendly. The South, j on the issues of the last few years, it. j Democratic, and for good reason. It ! would lie strange iT it were not. It is the effort to array the North against u 1 on a line of proscription, simply because we have resisted and do resist proscoip- | tion, which seenis unreasonable, and which we contest. At this time there 1 is, practically, no republican party in ! the South, to contest election* with the democrat*. In South Cnrolina and I,ou isiana, whore it subsisted by militnry sufferance, and was represented by armed encampments, the withdrawal o! the troop* left it without a reason for continued cxUtence. It fell to piece* 1 • literally by its own rottenne**. In !eace, never have any sectional ri poe, never have | , any national prosperity and glory in which all might share; hut we should i Igo on forever, criminating and rcetiuii 1 noting, steadily ii.iparing the ptihltc credit, ultimately to close the account in j bankruptcy, repudiation, anarchy, and | despotism. 'lo tin* fe i*l the sectional jwdicy of | the republican invites us. That policy I I is not only aggressive, hut is based U]K>II 1 'an asinmption which, if it be ttuc, ' means the overthrow of republican ism - —the incapacity of the people of the i South for self-government. The ;eople of the South are nothing I if not sentimental. Climatic influence* ] have, of course, had mftch to do with ■ : this idiosyncratic feature of Southern j life; but it ia sdao the offspring of con dtiions equally jotent; the institution of slavery which built up great home stead* and homestead afTections, for one; ; a leisurely, isolated, provincial exist ence, sffoiding the opportunity and the ' means for the equivocal culture of tho voluptuary, not the severe training of the school*, for nnother; a traditionary reverence for England and thing* Eng lish, and inherited love of old English literature, a belief in the social, domes tic, and political system of England, or , rather in a mistaken conception of that system, for a third. The Sonthern lad who ha* heen educated at home know* a little Latin, less Creek, and a great deal of English ; his re|>ertory embrac ing a tna*s of crude knowledge, some tunes familiar, sometimes useless, but always engaging, crowded in between Addison and Hwift snd Hall am and M.icaulay. Of mathematics he is al most as ignorant as of (ireek ; and, with | a store of what, for the want of a better ' term, the world agrees in calling pottle j learning, lacking not in readiness, he lacks accuracy, the source and resource of modern thought and action. He U thus, in the materialistic debates of a thoroughly materialized generation, an | ill match for the cool and wary disnut , ant, who throws rhetoric to the dog* | and plies on the heartless logic of sta I tiatics. The whirligig of time, come at last to the aid of thu North, has brought in its revenges. For fifty years, during the bucolic period of the republic, the South ' sent its best men into public life, the I North its worst. The Southern states j man may not always have been a planter i ' or even a rich man ; but, when lie was < not, be aiill sprang from the dominant class, snd ws a conservative. In a , sparsely settled agricultural community, ' yielding to the foremost talent, profes sional incomes necessarily small, a seat i in Congress wan, in dollars and cents, i as lucrative employment as waa to be j had. To him whose foitune made him t ; independent of venal considerations, ( the place itself was sufficiently tempt • | int. So the South never wanted lor f j efficient representatives ; men in full . sympathy with the spirit of the age t . | men adequate to all the exigencies of I the tim*; good judges of constitutional , law, though poor judges of facts and ; figures, which did not happen to rule; i good declsimers and debaters upon the . theoretic topics which arose oat of an i angry sectional controversy. The North, . on the other hand, in many instances, [ sent her lackeys to Congrss*. Her ris i ing merchants, lawyer*—citizens of rest r worth and mark—could seldom afford to nbsndon great and paying enter ; prises, lo give up richly rewarded pro i feuional pursuits, to struggle for politi i col preferment, which uot only de i tofoded sacrifices, but required the BKLLEFONTK, PA., THURSDAY, JANUARY lli, 187!). | exercise of low art* and imposed tho contamination of vulgar association. With rare exception# they staid at home. The scrub who could scuffle, the 1 pettifogger who might uot get u prac tice but who would serve a corporation, ! we lit to Washington ; und these were unable to copo with the gentlemen ot - tho Houth either in honesty or in ca j pacify. To bo sure, there were many i notable exceptions. When Tom Mar- i ! shall stumbled upon John (juincy ' ' Adams in tlm House—when Hay no | | shied an unwary lance at Webster in the Senate—the force of tho whole cul ' ture upon half culture showed itself, to 1 the discomfiture ol twu men or real 1 genius. Hut such scenes were rare. The rule wit* that the .Southerner came ! off victor in most of the fights ami got ! most Of the glory ; and for the reason | given, and no other. Times have changed ; conditions are reversed. Beneath thu illusory stream of glory a steady undercurrent ran. A conspicuous Southern statesman, Mr. | Toombs of (ieorgia, recently boasted that during eighteen year*' service in j Congress fie hud never obtained a dollar > for hu district. Hu Northern colleagues were neither so sublimated nor so sqeamish. While he deelaiuied they inau'i-uvred ; ughgbl house here, a cus tom-house there; to-day a railway sub sidy, to-morrow a river improvement; fat euls in all the general appropilatioii bills; land grant* and water grants, year in and year out, from one session to another. Truly, me Southern■ r had 'to pay dear>y for ins glory ? Finally the war came, and, the North equipped, the .'South without equipment- a victim to misleading' tio-oi ami calculation*, each of wuich in it* order came to griet , -the issue was simply that of lurce j against force, and, as discerning men \on both sides saw ut leu-t a year ocforc i the close of it, ihete could be l-ut one ! result. The .overthrow of the Confederacy ' verified the prediction* and vindicated the opinion* of the conservative tntellt gcbce of the South, which hud oppo-rd disunion, and wiui dragged into the to cession movement by the violence of the turn-*. It ulo produced an element previously unknown in the South—a ! bright, s--11-reliant young manhood, m tits rude school of war. Nmeo 1* i j the republican party bus done what it . could to debauch ami, destroy these i germs of a new and sound poliUc-al life; j and if it has not quite succeeded, its. luiluro bos keen one rather to tb< •trength of the germs than to any lack ; of tormenting ingenuity in iis method#, ( I shall not burden this lialy rose' with j a recital of Die nagging which divided time witu the muddling, throughout the short sighted treatment bestowed ujKin the Notfthern people and the Southern question by the republican : leaders. It i* sufficirnt to *ay that the I charge of etccptional hostility to the negro rest* mainly upon device* brought ( about to produce antagonism and to' prevent an honest understanding ami | cooperation between the native races, and that the cockle about "social os | tracism" rest* upon no foundation j worthy of the re*j*-ctful consideration. The wonder is, not that there ha* been o much bloodshed at the Houth, but that, under the circumstances, there tie* been so little. Hut, much or little, the country at large can look with hope only- to domestic forces for improved condition*. Outside political pressure tend* but to inflame. Administrative meddling begets conflicts of jurisdiction in the courts, .State and national; IKS I ween the two stools, justice falls lo the ground and malefactors make their es cape. He is a poor judge of human nature, or else very ignorant of the Southern character, who does not know that the well-being of the negro must originate at home; most certainly it can not be shaped or hastened by mis sionaries carrying banners on which sectional and partisan inscriptions, care fully worded to convey the greatest possible offense to the native white population, are emblazoned. The negro is placable and kindly—the fortunate possessor of a sweet, loving, and gener ous nature. lie is yet half a savage. His future is shrouded ia mists which are not very penetrable. A free mpn, a citizen, a voter, ho should he left to work out his destiny—a hard one at beet—in his own way. Rescued from the agitation of which he had been the victim, he is likely to grow in grace and good works ; fo educate himself and to be educated, slowly of course ; to be useful, contented, and happy ; perhaps lo develop, with increasing aspiration and advancing civilization, faculties now merely susceptible and imitative into force* of which he does not dream. Hut, em ployed for parly service w he was employed for domestic service, he is a devil incarnate, a barbarian, useful to the t asest purposes ; the easy prey of the vilest. No true friend of his hut would take bim out of politics as a fac tor or leading issue. Handled for ten years as an instrument of torture and pillage hy unscrupulous oamp-followers who remained in the .South to rob the dead and dying left by braver and bet ter men upon the field, the time mar oorne when be will compose the Tenth Legion in the Army of Repudiation, already mustering in the North, to sweep down upon New Knglsnd, with New England's own battle cries in his mouth and the reflection of hell itaelf in his eyes. Bettor, far better, leere bim where be stands, to be "bulldosed," if you please, Into voting the lEtrao emtio ticket, then attach him again to the fort nose of * efferent and heartless body of mufAuerfr*, Having no local interest or IULIe he used by them for incendiary Better, far better, kare hint to Ha fate with the conserva tive xmmlttgkm jat the South, Which pathizes with his real want* and needs, than have him trained and sharpened for official service in future agrarian movements. It is aluitrd, if not monstrous, to sup pose that he can ever govern in the .South, or anywhere else. The scheme to force hi* ascendancy is merely a job to transfer Tweed ism from the North to the South, and to multiply the Tweeds in the fancied interest of the republican party. The negro i* a creature of cir cunistance, easily led. Ho voted the Republican ticket while there was a Freedmnn's Bureau to serve him ra tions. while there were promise# of "forty acre* and a mule" to lure him into camp, while republicanism seemed synonymous with the glittering parn libernalia and the power of the armies IO had seen sweep over the country. The to withdrawn, he fell under the or dinary domestic influences, snd i* ln-ilsy voting the democratic ticket with the cheerful adaptability of hi* nature. He is at least out of harm's w-ay, lie is beginning to depend less tir-nn the gov ernment and more upon liinnelf. In hi* jerori and property lie is a* wife a* a man. ignorant and poor, can be. A true phi laid b ropy, whose first duty it to advise itself, would see the wisdom of letting well enough alone. Nobody pretends that the condition of thenegm is an euriiiLle one. It i# only affirmed that it i belter than it wa* under hi# old or his new master, the planter or the Carpet-bagger ; and that hi* future can not be improved by going back for counsel# cr practices into the period of reconstruction. In it* organized capacity, neither i arty care* anything fot the negro. Each would enslave him to it* ue. Hut there i* in the Smth. as there can not be in the North, a humanity which is not partisan, born of cld tic* and a* •ociation*. common grief*, fellow feel ing*, which link th<- home-trad and 'h cabin, not perhaps by hook* of steel, but by the "mystic chord* of memory' which stretch n-a thecha>m het*r--n the nro'ent and the past. To this hu mai.ity, and to it alone, the destiny of the negro may be aVIy intruded, j! it doc* not educate and elevate him. the fault will be hi*, and not it* w*nt of interest and effort. The republican j arty has done much to stamp thi* out; I ut. thank Ood, it i not yet extinct ' In lhin random note# upon the "Sol: i South," I have attempted In give, in ft way, the mw nl Ih*- ! Southern people sgaimt the republican loi'lir*. with Mitiin M r rrcnm to their cj for ibnmwlTN; and by 'he t*rtt> "•'outhern pnnfili>" I mcwi, distinctly, the responsible clou*, on whom th<- Government rnnl the Northern povq !. nmt rely, if the rule <>t the bayonet i# not to b restored; the native white' population a* diotinguohed from the irresjmnsible, entirely ignorant, and helpless l,la< KS. who, hating no volition of their own, must ami will U r<>nirol! Ed, either in the home interest by the*, who represent it, or in the rotten'bor ough inlereata by partisan agenta *eni • lown t<> u,ut|. the honest and beneficent functions of borne rule. 1 have rliarged that the re|iuhlican party, wh.cb for ten year* had sole cutody of the Govern ment, ignored all that was good and cultivated all that bad in the South. I have hinted that there are people in the South, who. "forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto thoac things which arc before," not only love their country, and are loyal to all that should conatitute its greatness and pride, but entertain sound opinions upon the materia! iwues which press upon our day and genera lion. My conclusion ia that, if the re publican pol oy of meddling and mud dling, of nagging and double dealing, continues, it will at length complete the demoralisation which it has only halt accomplishes! • that it will loosen the South from ita conservative moorings; and that, when the unlucky moment cornea, instead of a reaervoir of whole some ideas, we shall find the South a magazine of cotnhuatibles, ready to be used by adventurer* and charlatans. The circumstances attending the last Presidential election put a serious alien upon our elective system, and it was the South which saved the country from civil strife and secured the peaceful settlement of a moat dangerous issue. It is the South to-day, the ' solid South." to which the friends of social order and honest money will have to look for re tnforcementa when the tug of war ia really at hand. How shall they fare if, in the mean time having leveled suf frage in the South to the low standard of suffrage at the North—yen, to a lower—having elevated ignorance into a power, and employed this power to prostrate and debauch the intelligence which could only organise and direct it for good—they find the South detached from iu fi*ed principles, a monster without a brad, broken into worthless cliques and ripe for political adventures T lie it r-membered that this cry shout the "Solid South" and a "Solid North 1 ' is but an echo, after all. Th country had four year* of a"Solid South" against a "Solid North." Kach side spoke ita mind freely out of the cannon's mouth; | tho declamation waa vociferous, the rhetoric waa magnificent, the argument waa conclusive. Good men on both I sides, satisfied with the result, wish to ! forget the unhappy events which led to ; it, la it nosatble that any wise man can - believe thai continuous debate on the old sectional line* can bring us nearer to a happy consummation of the quee lions In dispute? Dot the republican leaden say i "We don't want to do Ihia; it la you. Cease to mistreat the negro, learn to love your country, guarantee the seourity of life and property and freedom of speech t that b all we ask, and, by all the gods of ft solid North ! this wm moan to have.'' In reply, the South, conceiving itself a peer and not a vassal, might *sy; "What right have you to use such Inn gunge J The assumption on which you base it is fidse. The spirit in which it is delivered is b irn ot coardi< e i nd cant. You seek no peace. You care nothing for the negro. Freedom of speech and the security of life and pro|et ty alt- tnc 1 et things which you wouhMiave estab lished in the South. Your aim is con tinued disturbance, on which you hope to trade and derive a profit. Your game i* to goad us into the imprudent utter ance* of outraged manhood. For years )°u legislated against us. For years you have maligned us. You loose no op portunily to insult u. Well, if the North can stand it, IheSouUiean. The present generation of Southern men i* not responsible for slavery or the war of seeemion. Nearly all of the active lead •rs of the South were obscure young men when the war began. The leader* who are coming on were in their cradles. In all that constitute* good government, the government of the people, we are equally interested with you. In private virtues, as in public spirit and in public virtue, wo claim to IKS at least your peer*. A* for you—the radical leader* of the republican party, who would re kindle the smouldering fire* of an al most extinguishes! sectional fury to gain* a partisan victory —we make no disguise of our feeling* toward you; we deD-st and distrust you ; detest you for your mean pumilt of us; distrust you for your hvpocricy and corruption. You alone, among Aru-ricnus, have caused the cheek of honest American* to b!uh for their country in every psrt of th'- world. You alone mountebanks and malignant* thai you are. have driven • >ur llsg from the sens, to convert it on the Und into u drop-curtain to conceal "Ur machinations against the liberty nd peace, the p:o<-|-nty and fair good name of a section of your countrymen, sprung from the same origin as your selves, and having an equal right to •trire with you the glorious achieve ment# and the birthright of our fathers. If you are sble to drag your neighbors, a majority of the good people of tin- North. down to your baseness, to poi-on very Mood with lies, and to amy them 'solid against us on the line of an in • Ulcere, prescriptive chsrUtani-m, so Iw We wnsh our hand* of the coni h you, contaminate ourselves by in • triguing with you—that vre will not d >. because >ntt have erhsut<"l the rosour ■ws <.f hutnsn forgivcnc.-! by transcend ing the limit* M-t upon human eadur \ turv. In seeking to dishonor n*. you have dishonored yourselves; and. though | death snd the devil stood at the door, \ we'll none of you 1" The South micht say this, and more; md, in moment# of exasperation, catty #n honest, literal Southern man, who I '■ntertsw* opinions and sentiment* snd J sympathies with the farenuwt thinker* !<•( the North, h* l>een t.-mpted tossy I it. 1 nrn sure that he doe* not live, if ! in a discourse of Ihi* sort one may be j allowed a personal reference, who more ! thoroughly respects the chsrsrter and ' polity of New England than I do; who ■ warm* more heartily to her prowess, her courage, and her geniality ; who has a 'kindlier laugh for her grofesoiterie; | who is freer of prejudice* against her. | having none except such a* fsvr.r her. and would elevate her munificence, her j culture, and her thrift into examples to j be eonstantly set before the ill-taught, j the half taught, the indolent, spend i thrift, snd imjsoreriabed South. Anil yet, speaking to the radical leader# in I question, and to them sione, I do make j bold to reiterate the words I hsve writ- I ten down snd hold them true: snd, •ure of the intelligence snd candor of j the average Northern audience, and tearing not to disturb the ghostly back numbers of the "North American Re j view" by recording them in three rages, t I should be surest of all in Faneuil Hall j itself! | The republican party is a sactionslist. i It has done what it could to create the "Solid South" in order that it might I compel a "Solid North." At length it j has the appearance of the desired array of sectional forces. The effect upon i parties affords pretty and timely specu i Istion for the newspaper*. The result, j for the people at large, may be foretola | by any thoughtful j-eraon ; for vicious I agitation leads inevitably to loss of bus mess, public confidence, and credit, opens the way for corrupt enginery and adventurer*, and in the end, threaten* the demolition of either liberty or prop erty, and often est of both. - # ■ Public School*. The State Superintendent of Public Instruction in his report makes aoine I very judicious suggestions, from which we copy the following: For myself. 1 hsve long been con vinced that the matter of instruction in our elementary school# it not as profitable as it might be. A consider able portion of the ordinary text book* in geography might be omitted without loss. Tens of thousand* of children are given lessons in arithmetic every day that they cannot possibly under stand, and an immense amount of time is thrown away in the attempt to leach the principles of abstract grammar in primary schools. In general, the hose of the knowl edge imported in our schoola ia not broad enough; little children are cram med with abstractions, definition#, formulas and calculations that they cannot be made to comprehend, and the whole work of teaching is thus rendered dull, mechanical and too of ten fruitless. And not only hsve we included in our oounses of study much that might well he ommitted, but w. have omittexl much that ought to L.- included. Little children are keen oh server*. They fairly revel in the world of nature, hut our schools, for the moot part, deny tbern lesson* on oljeci-, RTSJ rnuls, plants, mineral, men, and confine them to the dry, formal leon of the text-book*. A public school ought to he a powerful agency in the work of preparing iu pupils to succeed in life, and yet the practical application of tin brandies taught is frequently overlook ed, and drawing, the hnndsinaid of m many industries, receives little atten tion. The theory of our institutions is that all citizen* inay be made to understand the science; and art of government, and, therefore, it is wise to intrust them with the right of suffrage. Itut what are we doing in oflr schools to instruct the young in the history of traditions of our country, its Constitution and laws, the rights and duties of citizens? Then, hack of all, and more iui|>ort;int than all, is the study of man himself, what he is p.iysically, intellectually, morally, what he is in his relations to his family, neighbors, country, man kind, nature, God. Would it not bo •veil to have some lessons on a subject like this in exchange for the detail* of geography of distant countries that will soon he forgotten or for certain half-understood abstractions in gram mar and arithmetic ? The Auditor briurjl'i Deport. cosri.Aixixc or DETECT* IX OI B rixxxnai. LAWS—4XMTLI' I HIVTINU LEI I&LATIOM. f< ' uf Ih# TtttMit.} 11 isiisiu 80. January Auditor Oeneralj Set,ell's annua) re p>ort was sent to the Legislature today, a* one of the accompanying documents of the Governor'* m<**Hige. but the re jwirts from the head* of department* are never read in either house and seldom attain much publicity. 11 in teporl is eminently practical, aud it calls atten tion in details to the incongruous finan cial law* of the State and the actual inability of officer- often to do justice to the Commonwealth, lie sums up as follows. In conclusion, I desire to say that 1 know it i unusual for the Auditor Gene ral to rpcak in his annual report of man- r# outside of the receipt* and expenditures of the Treasury Department, but I c*nn". reconcile it to my seme of official duty to refrain from mentioning the great dnw-* i in tho isws and the grave abu-os in their execution which prevail in the 11 nan .al ! system of the Commonwealth. In ref>r nng u> them 1 disclaim ail intention to n> fleet ujn individuals. lam of the opin-" | ion that no individual, and no party, can lw justly held resj -nsibU- for their vxist