£he Centre A Democrat.
SHUGKRT \ FOHSTKK, Editors.
VOL. I.
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Exorcise of Elective Franchise,
Speech or Hon* William A. Wallace.
Or PENNSYLVANIA,
In the Senate of the I'.ntr t State, Decem
ber 17, 187 S.
The Snn'.o having under consideration
tho resolution* submitted by the gentleman
from Maine, [Mr. Blaine] —
Mr. WALI.A E said: Mr. President—
My views upon this resolution well un
derstood upon this side of the Chamber,
and the motion I made yesterday to lay
the whole subject upon the table wn
prompted by those opinions. The coun
try is sick of political agitation and sec
tional turmoil. This resolution initiates
a renewal of the bitterness of party and
partisan investigation that has cursed
the country for years. Every bu.ines*
interest in the Slate I represent prays
lor rest from political agitation and for
time to recujtorate its wasted energy.
Tbia cannot be while the country ia
aroused and shaken up by its investiga
lion- based upon rumor and party ran
cor is stirred to its depths in every
section. I would, if I could, have ar
rayed every one on this side of the
Chamber in decided and open antagon
ism to this reopening of the flood gates
of party strife. But by nearly a unani
mous vote tho Senate ha- decided oth
erwise, and all that is left for us to do is
to proceed with the investigation in an
honest spirit of seeking for truth. No
practical result can come from this in
quiry. The Constitution and laws as
declared by the Supreme Court settle
that. The second section of the four
teenth article of amendments to the
Constitution is:
Representatives shall be apportioned
among the several State* according to their
respective numbers, counting the whole
number of person* in each Slate, eicluding
Indians not taxed. But when the right to
vote at any election for the choice of elec
tor* for President nd Vice-President of
the United Stale*, Representative* in Con
gress, the executive and Judicial officers of
a State, or the member* of the Legislature
thereof, U denied to any of the male in
habitants of *uch State, being twenty-one
years of age, and citizen* of the t nited
State*, or in any way abridged, except for
participation in rebcilion,or other crime,the
basis of representation therein shall be re
duced in the proportion which the number
of such male citizen* *hall bear to the
whole number of male citi/.en* twenty-one
years of age in *uch State.
In the case of the United State* r*. ;<
Cruikahank, 2 Otto, 542, and kindred j
cases, the Supreme Court, commenting \
on this article and construing it, say : ,
The fourteenth amendment prohibit* a ' i
State from depriving any person of life, i;
liberty, or property without due process of ,
law,and from denying to any person within ! i
it* jurisdiction the equal protection of the j
laws ; but it adds nothing to the right* of ,
one citizen a* against another. It simply i
furnishes an additional guarantee agaimt j,
any encroachment by the State* upon the ;
fundamental rights which belong to every j
cit aen a* a mem Iter of society. The duty j
of protecting all 1U citizen* in the enjoy
ment of an equality of right* was originally j
assumed by the State*, and It still remains j
there. The only obligation reeling upon j
the United States 1* to *ee that the States i
do not deny the right. Thl* the amend
ment guarantees, but no more. The power j
of the National Government i* limited to
the enforcement of this guarantee.
Thi* ia the decision of a court unani- i
mou* with a single exception, and he a
democrat. If U>i be the law, how can
we take representation from a State for
what ia done by individuals ? The in
vestigation, even if the facta be proved,
is useless. The remedy ia by a contest
for the seat, and not bv sectional agita
tion. The purpose of this resolution,
stated by its author, are to record frauds
and outrages on recent elections in tha
Konthant States and to find a method to
prevent them. The newspaper pre** i*
given as the authority for their exist
once. The law* provide a remedy for
the wrong* alleged, if they exist, by a
contest for tha teat held through sueh
. 1 %
"EqtAL AND EXACT JtBTICE TO AI.L MEN, Of W"IIATVr.K STATE OR rXWt'AtIOX, RKLIOIOt* OR I , oMTirAI.."-Jfm.,fi,
prooeuo*, and that peaceful mode of ad
lust men t is, 1 Relieve, in the judgment
of the oiuntry infinitely better than
•weeping allegation* ba-ed upon news
paper rumor* ami pswionste partisan
appeals which must embitter the sec
tions. Peace and law are tho methods
now to be sought. Passion and parti
sanship have censed to intLmie the
minds of business men. Business and
its carss, tho I est oration of a market for
our products and the means for material
growth and development in every local
ity, are tho in 'a our j e tple seek. 1
-mould not enter this arena now, think
ing as 1 do, save t > correct error and to
vindicate so far ns I can, from my stand
point a a northern Senator, the truth
of recent political history.
It is stated as a fact, based upon news
paper rumor, that elections in the
■southern States have been controlled
hv violence, threat*, and intimidations,
that they have le n mnaipuiatcd by
ir.tud, and that in one Stale "there was
| no election at all in any sense of the
term.'' If the e statements bo true it is
■mrprising that out of the whole number
of Congressmen elected from that sec
tion, 100 in numl-er, not more than six
members have been notified of a contest
I for tho seats they hold, and the thirty
days allowed by law for that purjme
have expired. This in itself is a com
plete aud perfect answer to these broad
charge* of fraud and violence a* applied
to the whole section. The 1w provides
the remedy, it I* largely unsought.
The wrong, if it exists, is local and can
not affect general results. Why raise
inveetigatingcommittee-? Why arou-e
sectional bitterness? Why refuse to
seek the remedy the law provides?
The practical sense of our business peo
pie will have no more of this useless and
senseless agitation. Their answer will
oe. let tho laws rule, give u* rest from
j political turmoil. It is conceded that
! practical results cannot come from it
unless we can overthrow the constitu
j tional amendment and the decisions of
• the Supreme Cour', and this ought to lie
I Mifhcient to end the strife.
It i* not correct that thirty-five of j'
the Representatives allotted t'> the
Southern -State* were given them since
the war hy reaaon of the negro popula
tion. (*nder the Constitution a* origi- '
nally framed thrro filbs thereof were
represented, and this representation of
the then slave imputation *w attacked
with vigor in the heated nontext that
preceded the war. After the war. and
when reconslruction ouue, thejo i *y of
the republican partv wo* reversed, and
'manhood sutlYsg-'" t>ecame the hi'-
txileth of party with them, t'nder this
doctrine the republican Congress of
lk2 added not thirty-five but twenty
member* to the representation of the
Southren State* in the Houne of Itopre.
sentativea. The right, the power, and
the expediency to do this and to fix
unalterably the equality of the black .
voter of the South and the North with
the white voter everywhere wa* the
leading feature of the reconstruction
policy of the Senator from Maine and
those with whom he acted. The fatal i
error into which they fell wa* in failing
to quslify the right to the enfranchised j
slave hy fastening upon it an education
al test. Thi* would not serve their ;
fsolitical ends, and reconstruction as
they constructed it has prove/1 their
own political destruction. The absolute
equality in fitneas for self government
of the uneducated negro of the South
with the trained and educated white
man everywhere wa* the basis of the
plan. It was unsound and false, and
has returned to plague its authors-
The Senator from Maine impales him
self hy his arguments. Negro suffrage
as a political policy, is a failure in the
South, and he helped to create it. His
arguments are logically an arraignment
of the vicious methods of those who
acted with him in placing political
power in the hands of an unfit agent.
The work has been done hy you, and
ita resulta do not please you. What is
your remedy ? To overthrow the
amendments, nullify the decisions of
' the courts, and agitate until you succeed?
' Our* is to oliey the amendments in
! their letter, to sustain the decision* of
the Supreme Court, end to protect by
lew, by fair treatment, edu
cate and elevate the blAck man until
hi* cipacity i* fully tested. Your* is to
take from him repreaentation, d afran
chiso and degrade him. Such, at leant,
ia the logical mult of your effort* and
your argument*. The i*ite i* not
whether the white voter of the North
shall be the equal of the white voter in
the South in shaping the policy of the
co tntry. They have always been and
are now the equal* and peer* of each
Other. The legitimate and lawful In
fluence that each can wield 1* a* much
hi* right a* i* hi* life. Whether North
or South, the brave, intelligent, and
upright man is justly powerful, and he
who seek* to lesson hi* power or weaken
hi* influence stab* his country.
It is not correct in point of fact that
iho white voter of the South wield* e
greater influence than the white voter
of the North. The Senator from Maine
gathers together whole masse* of popu
lation in the North and argue* from
population and not from voter*, I quote
hi* word* t
Take the State* of South Caroline, Mi
siwippf and LouUiaaa. They tend seven
teen Representative* to Congress. Their
aggregate population U composed of ten
hundred and thirty-fire thousand white*
and twelve hundred and twenty-four
.housefid colored ; the colored being near
ly two hundred thousand In egee** of
the whites. Of the seventeen Representa
tives, then it I* evident that nine were ap
portioned to these State* by resson of their
colored population, and only eight by ron
ton of their white population ; and vet in
Ihcdbolce of the entire seventeen Rep?*-
a|atlTr* the colored voter! had no more
JJP ' \
BELLE FONTE, I'A., THURSDAY, JANUARY !>, 1ST!).
voice or power than their remote kindred
*>n the shore* of Hvncgnmbia or on the
(fold Cont. The ten hundred and thirty
live tliuii-snd white people had the *<de
and absolute choice of the entire seventeen
Representative*. In contrast, lake two
State* in the North, lowa ntid Wisconsin,
with seventeen Representatives. They
have a white population of two million
two hundred and forty-seven thousand—
conddcrhly more 'hui double the white
population of the three Southern State* 1
have named. In lowa and Wisconsin,
therefore, it takes one hundred nnd thirlv
two thousand white population to send a
Representative to Congress, but in South
Cir-lina, Mississippi and f/OUisiann every
sixty thou-and white people send a Repre
sentative.
The first fallacy in this proportion i
(he bold aiuumption that tho colored
voters bad no voice or power in the re
cent elections. Who gives any one au
thority to say this? I* it true that the
republican party |o*-e-e* an indeb a-i
-bl estate in every colored voter in
tho*e States? Have they no liberty of
thought or right of indpjx-ndent a<-ti'n?
Are their vote* not to be counted unles*
they vote the republican ticket ? Such
a statement a* tbi* ia utterly unwar
ranted by tacts, for we all know that in
very many instance* the colored voter
i independent in action. I'pon the
presidential vote of lnTf, in those State*
the seventeen democratic member*
elected bad a total of 27'-',W vote* and
their opponent* had a total of 2)9,(H0
v ite*. The minority were just a* much
represented as they are in any congres
sional district in tho North. They
voted nnd they were outvoted. How
unfairly the contrast is put. lowa and
Wisconsin had in H476 a voting imputa
tion of 540, IBS. tif these, 296,595, rep
r<-*enlitig about twelve hutched thous
and people, were republican*, and 243,
503, rcjirs-senting aUntl one million
people, were democrat*. If the negroes
who voted for the republican candidate*
in the Southern State* named are not
to he counted, the democrat* who vo|e-l
for their own candidate* in lo.va nnd
Wisconsin ought not to be rounhwi.
Tho democrats elected in the South
repreent the minority there ju*t a*
much a* the republican* elected u, ibe
North represent the minority there.
The Senator from Maine say*:
The eleven Stab-s that formed the Con
fid.-rate Government had by th< la-1■ u
*u< a population of niae and a half miili- n .
of which in round nutnbi-rn five and a half
million* were while and four millions col-
ored. On thin >grri|st( population seven
ty-three Ropresenlalivn* in Coßgreal w, r
apportionvd to those Statsw- hirty-tw i <r
three of which wcr-br reason f th>- wliii.
population, and thirty or thirty-un* hy
"f lh<! C"lw*d population. At the
rw-nt election the white ds-rnncracr of the
Niuth seized seventy of the seventy-three
districts, and thus secured a d>rn<cralic
majority in the n-*t House "f Represen
tative*. Thus it appears that throughout
the States that formed th" late O.nhderte
Government aiity-flve thousand whites—
the very people that rebelled against the
Union—amenable! to elect a It pr.-*<nta
live in Congress, while in the loyal SUtes
it require* one hundred and thirty-two
thousand of the white people that fought
for the Union to elect a Representative.
Thia is a reassert ion of that already
shown to be incorrect. It ignores demo
cratic vote* and population North and
ninita the pregnant fact that the colored
voters South both voted and were count
ed in making up reaulta. If negroes
are voter* and entitled to representa
tion, (and tha republican party has
made them so,) then they are as much
entitled to Ih counted as are the mi
norities in any district in the Union.
In every close contest sine# 1*72 their
votea have given the State of iVnnsyl
vania to the Republican*. They hold
the balance of power there and invati
| ahiy east it against the domoerate. If
j the Senator from Maine will have one
result he must accept the other. The
j Senator aaya:
The political power thus appropriated
by southern democrats by rea*->n of the
negro population amounts to thirty-five
Representatives In Congress. It Is massed
almost solidly and offset* the great State of
New York; or' Pennsylvania and New
Jersey together ; or the whole of New
Knglaiul; or Ohio nod Indiana united ;or
the Colorado and Oregon. The seizure ot
this power is wanton unsurpalinn ; it I#
flagrant outrage j it is violent perversion
of the whole theory of republican govern
ment. It inure* solely to the present ad
vantage and yet, I believe, to the permanent
dishonor of the democratic party. It is
by reason of this trampling uown human
rights, this ruthless seizure of unlawful
power that the Democratic party hold* the
popular branch of Congress to day and
will in less than ninety days have control
of this body also, thus'grasping the entire
legislative department of tne Government
through the unlawful capture of the South
ern State*.
If it bo "wanton usurpation and vio
lent perversion of the whole theory of
republican government," what shall we
call the wholesale disfranchisement of
tbo democratic masses north by skill
ful manipulation of political power ?
Indiana, with a democratic plurality
or over 5,000 in 1870, sent to (his Con
grea* 0 republicans and but 4 demo
cata j 23,120 votea or 115,000 popula
tion oould chooao a republican to Con
greaa, whila it required 53,291 votea or
265,000 people to elect* democrat. Tha
homa or the .Senator—New England
with iu six .State*—send* to thia Con
grern 22 republican* and fl democrats ;
16,691 votea or 80.000 people can elect
* republican member o| Congress there,
while it require* 49,321 votoa or about
250,000 people to elect a democrat. To
the Senate, Now England sen da, 10 ra
tal hi loan and 2 democratic Senators,
ifpojl the basis of the vote of 1871 It
r. qutNe 3d, 721 votes or 185,000 people
to effaofe a republican Senator from
I New EagUndL whila 147,963 rotoa, or
— .JtSSL .
740,000 people are required to elect a
democrat. The six great Middle State*
—New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, In
dians, Illinois, and lowa—contain 3,-
G50,000 voters or aiiout 10,000,000 of
people, yet they have but I'd Senators
a* against an equal number in New En
gland for (Wt.ooo voters and about 3,-
300,000 people. These are the results of
our political system, and theie is just
ns much reason to find fault with it in
New England as in the South. We
must abide its inequalities and imper
fections for the much greater good it
contain*. Sweeping charge* or p triisan
compuri-nn* can do no good ami must
do harm. Thennlv important question
is, have elections, North or South, been
carried by fraud or violence ? It they
have, the incumbent holding by such a
title should be ejected. The remedy
is by contest under the statute. Order
ly methods, sworn testimony, judicial
inquiry, non-partisan judgment. These
are the processes the people approve.
The invective hurled at the seizure of
power by a solid South may be fitly
answered by grouping the six great
Middle State* I have named and ex
amining political results there. In this
CongreM (and it is worse in the next)
these States, upon a total vote of 1 ,H42.-
212 republicans in IH7G, have "# i/.ad"
75 Congressmen, while on a total vole
of 1.N01.341 the democracy get but 4f<.
Upon a voting majority of 37.N71 tin
republican* have "seized" 29 Congress
men. If we add to these States, New
England, we find that 2.209,431 repub
lican voter* get 97 Congressmen, while
2,1(/I,2'*.K democratic voters get 52. In
these twelve States 109,li"„'J republican
majority enables that party to seize 45
Congressmen. If we call a democratic
white voter North the equal -fa rej.uh
lican white or negro voter North, and
a* such entitled to equal political jxiwrr,
it appear* that er.eh 2 425 black or
while republican* North hate chosen
oneof thc-.se 45 republican* to Congre**.
"r, upon the same basis of equality,
each 12.D fl |>eoj>le who ate reprcM-tite 1
by th'-*e voter* have "seized** a repub
lican Congressman. <ir, if we general
tzo the whole we find that in the-e
twelve States 22,777 Mack <r white r
publican voter# repre-etiling 113 SHJ
I eople "*e;ze" a Congressman, while it
require* 4ii.'i72 democratic voter* repre
senting 2 Li, .A 0 people to eleeot one.
Ttio fourteenth and lf t-• ntb jim ni- j
in"nt* wn<" tli<> cry stuli/.* lion of ultra
rrpul'licmi thought u to reconstruction.
They di<J not seek to operate on indi
vidual* but upon fk.vtos. Th"te ws* no
ihooirht lli'i of poni'hing organized
roiuiiiuniitn for llir iniolwit of a sin
le locality. ami tin? safeguard invoked
the only Mia that could la" a(l
without thedi*?ruc i<m of our form of
government, The plain term* of these
amendment* and toe decision* of a to '
publican Soprani# four! tforcon are
now attacked bacMiw under them rc
"N-nstruction ptnve* to l>o the daadnt
kind of a dead failure. Thejr will not
reach and rover, and they never were
intended to reach and cover, sporadic
cane* of fraud or violence. Such caaea
ran only le met by the specific reme
dies j?u in by law, and State* cannot le ]
punished by lose ol representation lie
cause of alleged violence in one district |
in Ixmitiana and alleged fraud* in two j
in South Carolina. It would be mon
strous to {>anth a Stale either north or
•outh by depriving it of representation
because negroes failed to register them
selves or to pay taxes, or because of ir- i
; regularities in the election board*. !
Suck i* not the remedy for r vil* of tbla j
sort. If it were, we of Pennsylvania
' might be fearfudy punished. In the ;
recent election there fraud and bribery
ran riot and thou**n<U were disfranchis
ed for non payment of taxes. At least
two contest* are already inaugurated for
| seats in the House of Representative*,
one of winch i* based upon the corrupt
hoc of money, fraudulent and illegal
vote*, and the u*e of forge*! tax receipt*.
| while the other re*t* upon the charge j
,of wholesale bribery and corruption
and intimidation of white workingmen.
The republican*, {tolling "k'J.Ott* vote*
upon the congressional issue against
ojsg.uyi democratic and 111,' SO national
votes, have "seized" eighteen out of the
twenty-seven Congressmen returned to
the new Congress. With an actual
majority against them of 110,000 they '
gr*p two-uirda of the congressional
delegation. This is {tartly the result of
an infamous apportionment, but it ia
much more the result of skillful nianip
illation of the political situation, of the
unscrupulous u*e of enormoaa sum* of
money, and of the disfranchisement < t
masses of democrats for non-payment
of taxes. No such political domination
has over existed anywhere as now dom
inatea and controls the republican or
ganisation, and through it the political
[•ewer of that great State. Bold, dar
ing, and defiant, they tolerate no inde
pendent thought. They wield their or
ganisation a* one man, and the end
with them justifies the means, ft*teen
thousand white and black republican
voters In Pennsylvania are sufficient to
elect a Congressman, but it requires 44,
000 of their opponent* to do so. If we
carry It still further end look to the In
ner machinery of State politics it is
worn. Forty-six senators and rcpresen•
tallves in the Legislature are given to
the city of Philadelphia. Upon tbe
vote of 1576 there were 77,000 republi
cans and 62,000 democrat*, yet in the
recent election the republicans "seise"
thirty-sevaa senators and member* and
the democrats get nine. It requires £,•
$6B democrats to elect a member of the
1 Legislature in Philadelphia while 2,081
republicans are enough to elect one.
This too i" under the forms of law. But
' a much graver wrong was perpetrated
1 at the same election there under tbe
forms of law and through the use of
' money. There were in that ciljr at
y|P I''' _ „.
M
least 1111,000 voter* of both jtolitical par
tie* who hod paid no taxes for two
years. By our constitution no man '-an
vote unless be has paid n tax within
two years, and such payment mn*t be
made at lenst one mouth before the
election. The republicans through their
organisation paid for thou-and* of these
tax-receipts in bulk for distribution ,
among their people, and when election
day came I bey equipped every republi- i
can voter, white or black, who had not
paid his taxes with one of them, whictr,
by the law, was prima fane j roof of pay
ment. The- democrats had no money
for this purpose cave in one congres
sional district, and by rea-on {if tit it
inability to do what the republican* had
'lone it is believed that at least
white democratic voter* weie unable to
vote. The republican managers gave
the m<t stringent orders to their elec
tion officers to reject every vote not
fully cqui|>|>ed with tax receipt* and
they placed at every Jioll deputy mar
sbals of the I'nited States, many of
iheni of the most disreputable charac
ter, who were ordered to arr**t every
one who could not fully come up to 1
their standard. So desperate is this
management and *o obedient to it* or
ders is the legislature of the Slate that
the common law right of the sheriff to
ap|*oinl deputies was taken from him
by express statute U-t he, being a dem
ocrat. should aid in protecting the
right* of white democrat*.
Arc not these, denial* and abridgment
of the right to vote, *o fully guaranteed
by the fourteenth amendment, if the
interpretation contended for by the
Senator from Maine is correct? The
negro voter was provided with a tax
receipt pan! for by the men who claim to
own bun North and South, and the
white man, too poor to pay hi* taxes,
wa* driven from the jxills. Federal
authority intrenched itself on the elec
tion ground in the room of the official
whom cominoM right and ancient cu-tom
places there, and the democratic party
jelled at that ebctirin but 53,<<*> vote*
against more than fi2.000 polled in I*7o.
Would it fie just to deprive Pennsylva
nia of her fait -hare of repre-entalion in '
Congrnas by reason of there deed* of
unsrropuloua fatidical managers? The
remedy for these wrongs must come
through the wrath of an outraged jreo
pie. It may come tardily, but it will
conie surely, t >ur wrong* come tifton u*
in the full blare of an intelligent north
ern sentiment. Their authors have en
] joyed immunity so long that they think
the )>eop|t will alwata submit. Party
title and sectional hale are invoked to
mainta.n and per|>etuale thedi-gracaof
an intellectual and proud peoj.le. This
■•* the tocsin that i* sounded for the
term* of tbi* resolution. This t* the
1 !ea*t to which the northern jx-ople are
' invited. The condition of the South is
infinitely better than it was tire years
*go. Fewer o4rage, le** of violence,
more of normal and lot* of abnormal
I condition cotae to it year bv year.
The wrongs complained of by this reo
-: lulion are located in the Mates in wlych
carpet-bag rule lingered last, and we
hear of none in the States longest under
| control of the white man. \N e nu*t 1-e
■ content with our progress, until we can
fully tt the capacity of the negro for
' elf government. It will be time enough
when he shall have utterly failed to
oome up to the standard of ca|acity to
initiate the process foreshadowed by
thee resolutions.
The jieople North and South want
rest from political and sectional agita
tion. Ikismea* relation*, business in
terest*. and business success can grow j
only when such rest is given them, i
Would you diridcasolid South ? Would
vnu reconstruct your party there?
Ce*M> to persecute and begin to help
them;apf>cal to administrative ques
tions. Arouse the cupidity of their
loader* by aiding them in material
progress and internal development.
Make it. the interest of their people to
act with you. Loose the band* of sec
linnal prejudice that bind you. and aid
by every constitutional |>ower in recon
structing their highways and opening to
your own jieople a market tor their
manufactures. May we not recognise
the fact that |>olitical reconstruction
ha* failed of it* primary purpose, but
, that business reconstruction and nut
' lerial progress are the aim* of the South
and the interest of the North and that
; those whose principle* and practice fob
j I w the jMtth that lead* to these will be
esteemed the beet friend* of Uitir whole
j country.
j Mr. fcmtsK. Before the Senator aita
■town I should like to ask him a single
j question ; I did not want to interrupt
j him during his speech. If there i* this
' great tyranny that has held Pennsylva
nia in ita, ruthless grasp and ruled that
| State so mercilessly in the interest* of
j the republican party, how doe* the
i Senator, a loading democrat, happen to
be on this floor?
Mr. Wsti.sca. Mr. President, there
always comes an earthquake when the
elements become convulsed. An earth
quake sent me here; nothing else could
in that State. (Laughter.)
Mr. Blsixb. And the Senator is still
in a state of eruption, {laughter.]
Mr. Waiui-i. The Senator trom
Maine with his incisive questions and
magnetic bearing prevails upon the
Senate to sympathise with him ; but I
beg him to understand that whila in
that great Slate there may be .two ban
dred thousand "stalwarts who look to
him for leadership, who sympathise
with him, there arc one hundred and
fifty thousand men of his party who do
not sympathise with the attacks upon
the section with whom their business
interests are connected, but who will
follow him if be will point • path to
restoration of business interests to a
poop!* suffering from deprivation of
employment, starving for th* moans of
TKK3IS: #1.50 jwr Annum, In Advance.
livelihood, seeking a market for tbeir
manufactures ; ami just such men aa
the Senator from Maine theae people
look to for leadership in that path.
Mr. I'reaiderM, I am almut aa serimi*
a Senator who deliberately on thia
flr>or attacks the fourteenth amendment
of the Constitution arid the decisions of
the Supreme fksurt—a republican Su
preme'.'our t—rnicie thereunder, which
in their very term* deny tbo right to
take representation from a Slate for the
cauxes alleged in thi* reaolution, and
undertake* to initiate an investigation,
wh eh investigation rnuxt inevitably le
fruitless and powarlesx to bring any auch
result. I am a tout an serious in my
charges, surely, as ho it in the initiation
of auch en investigation thia.
We of Pennsylvania have initiated
con teste alleging intimidation and fraud
and bribery, and they will be settled
lefore the tribunal created in the other
House. The Senator, on the contrary,
alleges intimidation and violence and
fraud, r.!id ho usee a power that has no
right, that can in no way apply a reme
dy, that is not given the authority in
any form to correct the wrong. It is
a bmtvih fulmm if it be done. We, on
the contrary, whose voters were intimi
dated— I re " ->ert what I have mid
whose voters were bribed —and I re as
sert what I have said—whose voter*
were deprive! of the right of suffrage
hy being driven away from tbo |stl* 111
maso-n because tbey had not paid their
taxes when the republican organisation
had paid taxes lor masses of black and
white voter*—
Mr. I t live. IV.t did not the law re
'piiro the taxes to Im paid ! A
Mr. WJU.I.ACE. Certainly. I atu
complaining of the law; it is
guard. lam simply coti.| icom;
UN of motley in the way in
*m used, the purchase o! tax
in hulk to cjuip a black voter awl
drive awav a white voter from the y.oU
in the city of Philadelphia. That *•
what I complain of. a denial and
abridgment of the right of * ittr.jf.-, ff
you please, hut not such a <l. tiial cr
such an abridgement of the rirfitt if
sutfr-ige a* tinde, either the Cuimi'a
tion or the law* can depriue the (lw
of Penn*} Irani* of any winkle nm.'*!'
in her representation in the other H'.
And here I coioe hack to the j..rot
to which I direct attention, to.t trim
proceeding is utterly frit'tie**; t.iat n
can result in no good; that tue i* *-.
declared on the statute in tWe
<'. institution. and by theS ipr m>-Owr ,
demonstrate* that if all ihia —•re pa-e
-en no result can come wvr ydi el
agitation, sectional turmoil. >i*|i<aiMa
of employment in business; watte rt
the other lire, the line of app-at t taw,
to a contest under the pern of tW
House, be taken, all the ro.g u we
shown, every thing can t<c iua>ie puies.;.
and right and law can prev.ut. Tii .
what thi people want, urdeHy me in
ods, appeal* to law, swout u-iur*jtty,
non partisan judgment
How Secretary Sherman I urxeanrd the
Itondcd Itrtl.
' , Few* lbs FhfiwMplWa T m-i
When the Timtt aaid that Swrstwy
Sherman had f<eeti steadily ni
' the interest-hearing ilebt oi toe I'niisd
States and that he harl fwm,
ing the laws that he might pluck ibe
feather of resumption for his cap. the
organs rushed to hia defense and nbw
ed, to their own saUsfsciion, that the
Timrt was all wrong and that the fcb-o
retsry was all right. Uey cwu
! now he induced to apeak out and ex
plain again, to their own satisfaction, if
ibis little sum in subtraction M out our
tectly performed ;
TiHI Usl-t tswrlms Isiswl In mis. Jts
sr i. tsjs Fi.ra.rnj**
j Ttflsl <VU, tssnsf IsMsS la SIR. iss
usr? i. irs— —— i sw.sn.au
tamwa* is AstU. Iwartsjt Intsrasl is cats ajhQIS
l.et us anticipate the
that tbey will offer. It is ib- aoe*#
l hat they ma-is t-ofors -t si itsr ta
il ease is only apparent; tha I the sixes
have teen railed, and the money wn
the Treasury to jwy for them. Irnfm).
■lid not the Secretary Inmarlf tor tU
first tune incorporate into the January
statement this explanation in (inter to
anticipate objection 7 lint there were
called bunds one and unpaid u the Ist
ot -lanuary, Ix7B, just as ibetw w re <si
the lat of January, IX*'J. bet us we*
how Jhe statement* compare:
i IsM as which inters*! Sss iron J. J*a-
S use, t. tr* fnjuun
IlMit kb whirh iutsrssl ho< 1.1. 1 4. Jw
n t. is; aun
1-eaa than a million mot* of called
sixes out on the Ist of January, 1878.
than on the Ist of Januaiy, IX7&. Tkss
explanation will hardly do. It throws
us lock to the farts in lit* owe*—that
the f.inded debt of the United States
on Wednerdiy last waa f53.913.53D
greater than it was one yewr before.
ViHy millions of tbia increaee waa con
feaeedly to get coin with which to la
tum e, lor wbioh wa paid a tonus to the
|Sy dicate of about one million. Hut on
what pretext ha* the remaining tkirty
thrwe tniilion been issued 7
Too xAxrCtounCoamo."dlaaMd
ing of the Cabinet last week, It aa 4a
cided that Secretary Kvart it to ftfmm
formal negotiations with lha Qanos
ment of China for a modification of Aa
Iturlingame treaty, with a view of uw>
siricUug unmigiwiton from thai inatay.
Tax net profit* of threw wwkhuihw
coinage waa go>7o,t>oo, which Aa Mat
bureau banded over to tha TMHR aa
Thursday of last week. Tbia mm 9*
margin over alt expenwa of tba.aaaag|at
between the actual value of ailear taJf
and the nominal *•!• utanp4 emwat
' it by A* United Slate*.
' ''
NO. 2.