Volume 27, ®|je Centre gemiraf. IS PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY. BY J. J. BRISBIN. Ojp.cc in Reynolds' Iron Front, Second Floor. TERMS.—SI,SO if paid in advance or within six months after subscribing,otherwise $2 will invari ably be charged. No subscriptions received for a. shorter period than six months and none dis continued, unless at the option of the editor, until all arrearages are paid. A New Song to an Old Tune. BY RALPH RANDOM. Yankee Doodle came to town, To view 'the situation,' And found the world all upside down, And a rumpus in the nation ; He heard all Europe laugh in scorn, And call him but a noodle ; 'Laugh on,' ho cried, 'as sure as you're born, I still am Yankee Dookle" Chorus—Yankee Doodle, 4c. Ho found the ragged Southern leons A-training like tarnation, They'd stolen all his silver spoons, And rifled his plantation ; 'l'll wait awh le,' he quietly said, They may restore the plunder , Eut if they don't, I'll go ahead, And thrash them well by thunder. ' Chorus—Yankee Doodle, Ac., And then the lovely queen of Spain Told him in honeyed lingo. That she n.id courted —not in vain— A darkey in Domingo ; 'My dear,' said he, 'if you will roam With all the male creation, Pray, don't come here—l can't at home, Alow amalgamation.' Yankee Doodle, Ac., The British lion slyly eyed 1. is bales of Southern cotton — 'Dear Yankee Doodle,' soft he cried, That stuff is slave begotten ; A brother's tears have bleached it white It speaks your degradation, But I must have it wro'ng or right, To keep away starvation' Yankeo Doodle, Ac. ' Rands off! hands off! good cousin Jihn,' Bald quiet Yankee Doodle, 'I am no braggart cotton don, Who'll bear the system feudal; I've heard you prate in Exeter Hall, Of sin and slave pollution, And now I see 'twas blarney all, You love 'the situation!' Yankee Doodle Ac, 'False words and deeds from high or low, Bring righteous retribution ; And cousin John, mayhap you know Tho frigate Coi stitution She DOW is but a rotten boat, But I have half a notion, To set her onte again afloat, And drive you from the ocean. Yankee Doodle, Ac. 'And if in League with her of Spain, With all the past forgotten You dare to lift the hand of Cain In aid of old King Cotton, Be sure you guard those costly toys You call your 'broad t ominions,' For I have lets of yankee boys, Can flog your hireling minions. Yankee Doodle, Ac., 'I trust in God, and in the right, And in this mighty nation ; And in this cause would freely fight The whole combined creation; For when, in time's impartial gaze, The nations are reviewed all, I know the meed of honest praise Will rest on Yankee Doodle. Chorus—Yankee Doodle, Ac. Child's Morning Hymn. The morning bright, With rosy light Has waked me up from sleep ; Father, I own Thy love alone Thy little one doth keep. All through the day, I humbly pray, Be thou my guard and guide; My sins forgive, And let me live, Blest Jesus, near thy side. Oh ! make me rest Within thy breast, Great spirit of all grace ; Make me like Thee, Then shall I be, Prepared to see Thy face. Letter from an Austrian Officer. His opinion of the Great Battle and the War, [From the Cincinnati Daily Commercial.] CINCINNATI, O, U. S. of A, July 26, '6l. Commonly averse to the interference of foreigners in the terrible struggle that is now impending in your blessed country, I could not stand idly by at this important crisis and think that the least thing I could do to help to sustain tbe glorious institutions of your fair land was undone. Though not claiming aDy pre-eminent knowledge of military affairs, more than should be known by persons having the same opportunity, I must say that my knowledge may be superior to tbe most of your country men, having graduated in the Military Col lege of Royal Engineers of Sweeden, and spent fourteen years in the Austrian service. This experience has given me many chances to be thoreugly acquainted with military campaigns. In oar European wars it has always been the custom to attack entrenched encamp ments or fortifications with never less than ten or twelve times the number of the besieg ed. Bat how different the late battle in your country, where we see twenty thousand vol unteers endeavoring to cope with three or four times the number, the former without cavalry, or a sufficient amount of approved artillery, the latter behind tremendous mask ed entrenchments, guarded by pow erful parks of artillery, and seconded by large squadrons of hussars. Certain it is that the unequalled general of your forces (Scott) % Jfamilj} JMospitptr la ||olitb, ftmperitnte, fittrata, Science, ffee gffecjjanics, C|;e jflarhcts, #Sucaiioit, ftitntral fnttllwiitr, Ac., knew the number of his own men, and it is not possible that he allowed an eneray to be so near without an approximate knowledge of their strength ; and the only reason in the world for the attack was the coute qui coute impetuosity of your civilians. With every confidence in General Scott and his able corps of engineers, one thing is sure, they have too much to attend to —too many apprentices to oversee. This is no time for idle speculations. Your countrymen must be up and doiDg ; no time must be lest. Prepare your civilians to act the part of sol* diers. Your President should place an army of at least six hundred thousaud men in the field at once ; the men have been offered and should be accepted at once ; an army of two hundred thousand strong should beat Wash ington : a division one hundred thousand strong at Fortress Monroe. Generals Pat terson and McClellaa should at once, or as soon as possible, unite and take a conveni ent distance from Manassas Railroad, in en* trenched, strongly fortified earth works. The Fortress Monroe column should move tow ards a point in the rear of the railroad, be tween the Davis army and Richmond, and, by eertaio, uofailing military understanding, should ail attack the enemy at one time, the same hour. This will be sure to crown your arms with success. At the same time an army should be organized in your manufac turing States, at least 50,000 strong, to em bark on board of ships, to attack on South ern coasts ; another equally strong should en ter the Mississippi river towards New Or leans ; 100,000 good men should be muster ed at the confluence of the Ohio and Missis sipi rivers, and go South by the latter riv ers ; 50.000 men should be sent through Kentuoky, to co-operate with the other di visions of your very grand army; still anoth er force of 200,000 men should be held in reserve, to act where tbeir services may be most needed. Such a force can conquer ; rest assured a smaller one may fail. To a foreigner accustomed to the rigidity of individual power, your institutions appear, if anything, more magnificent than they are. Yours is the only real republican nation that has ever existed, aDd tho eyes of all civilized nations are anxiously awaiting the result, to 359 whether your people think the Govern ment worth sustaining. There need be no fear of any first-class European Power acknowledging the inde pendence of the rebel States, without satis factory evidence of tbeir beiDg able to sus tain themselves, for many reasons : England distrusts Canada, and sees a turbulent spirit in Ireland, only awaiting a favorable time to revolutionize ; besides, she is Dot entirely confident of her new bed fellow, Napoleon ; and I assure you the latter is too well aware ot the existence of the secret Carbonari, and the uncertainty of France, to interfere in any matter whero there is no advantage to be de rived by him. BeiDg on furlough from the Austrian ser* vice, with a predisposition to admire the United States, I have carefully noted in my travels over many portions of your country, every object or characteristic of your people, and assure you that I cannot imagine any outrage on the part of the Government that could be flagrant enough to cause any of your people to rebel. Yours i 6 a mighty country, unequaled in the whole epoch of history, and I entreat the people in their majesty to ceme forward and sustain the au thorities. Civilized mankind sympathizes with the North ; the accursed supporters of human slavery, of despotism, of tyranny, of oligar chy, are alone in their accursed schemes.— The unlooked for war may be the cause of very hard times, but the people are or ought to be ready far the sacrifice. Their late out pouring of money, men, everything, to sus tain their good country, convinces ma that I do not plead in vain. In this emergency a good plan would be to have a committe to hire or BDgage every able bodied man to drill daily ; make your city one vast camp for home defence, and, if nec essary, pay every volunteer two or three francs a day. If you have not the ready money, let a scrip, based on the first credit of yeur city, be issued in such sums as is needed to pay your home forces. Let the pay be ever so small, it would prevent much suffering, relieve the pressing necessities of many, keep the poorest from starving, and, let come what may, would be a phalanx strong enough to slaughter any foe daring enough to disturb your qaietude. Supposing your taxes would be doubled, would it not be better than to have your city in danger, your citizens suffering from hun ger ? A committee of five, or any other num ber, of ycur good-hearted, responsible citi zens in each division of your city, would be appointed to arrange the affair systematical ly. Though not wishing to doubt the devo tion of the citizens of Kentucky, I must say, in all candor, that there are many there of high and low degree who would glory to see the slave propagators conquer. Place your city beyond reach of all such evil disposed citizens. Though a devoted subject to his Majesty the Emperor ol Austria, whom and whose cause I am evr ready to support with my life, if need be, I offer any knowledge of arm ing and fortifying your city I may possess, without any cba-ge, as my small token of ap preciation of true liberty, knowing that his " WE STAND UPON THE IMMUTABLE PRINCIPLES OP JUSTICE-NO EARTHLY POWER SHALL DRIVE US FROM OUR POSITION." Bellefonte, Centre County, Penna., Thursday Mo Majesty will not object, as he loves Republi can America as I do, and that it is only sec ond to my own country. Let every man be a conscript. Go out to battle to preserve the boon handed down to you by your forefath ers, and your country must be, will be, sus tained. GODFREY F. C. TRATZCKY, Captain Co. E, Fourtj Royal Top. Eng., Austrian Service. The Deadly Rifle. The returns of " killed and wounded" at the battle of Bull Run are necessarily"im perfect, but enough have been to show that tho losses among officers, especial - ly " commissioned" ones, are much larger in proportion to their number, than those among privates. -The killed are 2 Colonels, JL Lieutenant-Colonel, 2 Majors, 16 Captains, and 7 Lieutenants \ and the wounded, 2 Acting Major-Generals, 8 Colonels, 1 Lieu tenant-Colonel, 3 Majors, 16 Captains, and 33 Lieutenants. The casualties amoDg cap tains are particularly noticeably. Making every allowance for the extra exposure of of ficers on horseback and those on foot in front, or at the side of tbeir companies, there is still no doubt that a large number of the kill ed and disabled on that fatal day were sin gled out and shot by expert marksmen, who were enabled to take deliberate aim from rifle pits or behind trees. The distance between the hostile forces was repeatedly small enough to permit the picking off of individuals with perfect cer tainty by any person moderately skilled in the use of the rifle. What loss was sustain ed among the officers of the enemy is not known; but, as many thousands of the Uni ted States forces engaged were also armed with rifles, it may fairly be supposed that the sharp-shooters in our ranks used these weap ons with deadly .effect upon the wearers of shoulder straps and swords wherever they could be seen. What is to be Done with Them ? What is to be done with Northern sympa thizers with treason ? You may know tbern by the piteous whinnings witb which they deprecate war—by tbeir groaniogs about " coeroion" and " subjugation," and by their extreme concern about Mr. Lincoln's viola tions of the Constitution, in his efforts to pre serve it, although they have nothing to say about Davis' effort to destroy it altogether. They are all of them sneaking hypocrites, and the surest way to judge them is to watch their faces upon the receipt of news. If it is disastrous to the rebels, their visages at once put on a lengthened, solemn look. If the Union army has met with a disaster—if orie of our faithful officers has been assassinated by a rebel, their eyes brighten at once. These men, were they in Maryland or Mis souri, wouldsmuggle powder andshot to their Southern brethren—would engage to the ex tent of their courage in driving out friends of the Union and confiscating their property or destroying it. But they are where their treasonable sympathies can do no harm and where we can allow them to remain and en joy the protection of the Government which they would gladly see destroyed. All that we would lay up in store against them is simply a truthful record cf the fact that in the hour of its greatest peril they stood with the ene mies of the Government and gave their sym pathies to the conspirators. We would have this known for at least one generation, and to this end hope they may be inspired with sufficient courage to place themselves where they belong. They can do it safely.—Har risburg Telegraph. Kentucky. Old Kentucky again most gloriously ex pressed her attachment and devotion to the Government under which we live. " She was the first new State to come into the Un ion, and she will be the last to go out." In spite of tbe recent National disaster at Man assas, and the sneakiDg but vindictive treach ery of her Senators, Breckinridge and Pow ell, and her representative Burnett—Ken tucky has by a tremendous vote repeated the verdict she declared in June. Then she gave near fifty thousand majority for uncon ditional loyalty to the Union, in her choice of Representatives in Congress. Now, with a far less important issue before the people, aDd under greater difficulties, she has given nearly as great a majority for the maintance of the Union and Constitution against the attacks of all their enemieß. Tho new legiss lature is largely for the Union, aDd compar ative few sf the counties have given a decent yote for secession. Kentucky still clings with unfailing tenacity to h6r ancient faith, and will never be carried over to the cause of treason by the degenerate sons who seek to betray her. In Joseph Holt the Unionist cf Kentucky posess a tower of strength, and witb such a sentinel of liberty upon the ram part, tbe schemes of her rebel Governor can not avail to plunge her into the vortex of de struction.— Bucks County Intelligencer. GFN. MCDOWELL'S REASONS FOR HIS DE FEAT. —GeD. McDowell says that our defeat was caused by tbe superior forces of the en emy. That the men composing our army represented every profession in civil life, but were unacquainted with tbe rules and tac tics ot warfare. That the teamsters even the artillery could not obaDge tbeir position without creating alarm. McDowell also said that he would wager his life that two-thirds of bis offioers had never before seen a can non ball in the air. Hissing Yankee Doodle. On a bright day, shortly after tbe Fourth of July, when tbo American troops were ma king warlike preperations for a fight with the rebels, there might have been seen in a tent, Dot far from Arlington Heights, a num ber of officers seated around a rudely con structed table, upon which were two geese, several chickens, a port folio, and paper, pen and ink. Beyond tbe lines that formed the official circle stood a soldier, without cap, caitridge box, belt, musket, or side arms. The Judge Advocate took bis seat, and thus formed what the reader may readily suppose a court martial. The disarmed soldier was charged with killing and capturing two geese and two chickens, thus violating n order of the Com manding General preventing the forcible ta king of personal property. A court-martial at such times, though not wanting in digni ty, is generally hurried to conclusion. The charge was read, the evidence was eID cited, and it seemed to weigh heavily on the prisoner. He stood with downcast looks, when presently the Judge Advocate said : " Sir, you have heard the charge, and the evidence adduced to sustain it. It has been proven by the most positive evidence that you did early on the morning of the fifth of July, boldly level your musket, loaded with round ball and buckshot, and then did dis charge said weapon the contents thereof tak ing effect in the vital parts of two geese or ganders and two chickens, tho property ot some person or persons unknown. Thus you did on that occasion violate the order of the commanding General, which was issued to prevent the killing, maiming, chasing or wringing tbe necks of any geese, chickens, ducks, goslings, pigions, cows, sheep, goats, bulls,calves, sows, hogs, boars, roasting pigs, or any other domesticated animal cf what over form or nature. Now, sir, what have you to say why sentence should not be pro nounced upon you ? " Sir," said the prisoner, raising his head, and revealing the features of an irrepressible Yankee, "I acknowledge that all tho evi dence adduced is true, so far as it goes. Tbe motives, however, which prompted the act are knewn only within my own buzzum, and I should like to have a record made of tbem in mitigation of punishment. Judge Advocate—" Speak freely, and slowly; Clerk, be sure and record every word." Clerk—" Yes, sir ; proceed prisoner." Prisoner—" May it please yer, gentlemen, that the eelebratiou of our National Birthday Anniversary fanned the flame of my patriot ism into an eternal conflagration. My buz zum was a boilin' over with the warm elixer of " life, liberty, and the pursuit of happi ness." I fell happy, then, as much so as if I were celebrating the birthday ef our coun try at my gay and happy Green Mountain home, far up in the State of Vermont. I felt, sir, that I could have eaten Jeff. Davis for breakfast, lunched on Beauregard at eleveß, served up Wigfall at three o'clock ordinary, and made my supper on the hull army of rebels. I had scorched my eye brows —singed my whiskers—pealed the skin from my face—burnt ray fingers, and got a piece of a percussion cap in my eye, on firing the thirteenth round in the general celebration of the everlasting, glorious old Fourth. But I did'nt keer for all this yere ■ I wos patriotic—l woa determined to be pa triotic, and early on the morniu' of the sth I felt particularly sivagorous, and thought I'd take a mornin' stroll in the jews of the valley. I haden't got along very far 'fore I sees the geese and chicken comin' along. " Wall, as I said afore, I felt a mighty sight of patriotic feeling in my buzzum, and, jisttokeep up speerits, I whistled Yankee Doodle, and then listened to the echoes a comin, back from the woods, soundin' for all the world jist like my own mountain home. I thought the woods were all for the Union. I felt glorious, I whistled again and again, and so did the woods. Wall, as I said afore, the geese came along, and I increased the aennd of my whietle. I put my fingers in my mouth, and didjist so. (Here the patri otic prisoner gave a blow that would have done no discredit to a Pennsylvania loeomo tive.) I got about half-way through the ehune, when the geese set up an etarnal al mighty hissing, and stuck their long necks and heads at me." " Crotch all hemlock, an' gosh mighty, but I fired up; I was all posessed and bilin' over with patriotism and glory, and says I, 'darn ye—ye'll hiss Yankee Doodle , will you? Now darn ye, take that,' and I blazed away, and two chickeDs dropped." A smile played on the faces of tbe mem bers of the court-martial, and there was a deal of suppressed laughter, *' But the chickens, sir—the chickens,'' quickly replied the Judge Advocate, biting his lips ; " they did not hiss 1" "Wall, no sir" they did not hiss; they seemed to be held in reserve to cover the re treat of the rebel geese, and they fell because they were in bad company. The next day the soldier was on duty, none the worse for the court-martial. What be came of the geese and ebiekens never could be accurately ascertained. Representative Lovejoy, of U'inois, has been authorized to raise an additional regiment in that State. ning, Aug. 22 1861. The Northern Mother. The are all in the army, My three brave, and gallant boya ; They've changed the peace of homo life For martial pomp and joys. It tore my heart strings sadly To see them march away, But when their country cal led them, I could not say them nay. There's one that grasps a true sword, Commissioned to command ; There's one within the ranks found With musket in his hand ; There's one, and he's my youngest, Whose stirring drum doth beat The faultless martial measure For proudly stepping feet. Their Father fought before them On many a bloody plain— At Erie and at Chippewa, At York and Lundy's Lane. 0, may his spirit nerve them When in the battle's brunt ; For should they fall, I know then They bear their wounds in front. God shield my three brave darlings Throughout these crimson wars ! God help them in defending Our good old Stripes and Stars. God speed them on their mission To quell the Rebel foe ! With strength, that each arch-traitor May need no second blow. And when my youngest boy beats The loud long roll at night, To tell of foes advancing, And bids them arm for fight, God give unto my other boys, Amid the battle's flame, To one—a dashing soul to lead, To one—unerring aim. The list of slain and wounded I'll read with trembling breath, To see how many darling sons Have met untimely death. And should mine be among them, And fell they there like braves, I would not wish them holier death, Nor ask them prouder graves ! The Trumpet Blast. BY JOHN J. WHITTIER. [The following lines, written eighteen years ago, sound like prophecy fulfilled at the present orisis. O ! for God and duty stand, Heart to heart and hand to hand. Round the old graves of the land 1 Whoso shrinks or falters now, Whoso to the yoke would bow, Brand the cravan on his brow ! Freedom's soil has only place For a free and fearless race; None for traitors false and base. Perish party ! perish clan ! Strike together whilj ye can, Like the arm of one strong man. With one heart and with one mouth Let the North unto the South Speak the word befitting both : What though Issachar be strong, Ye may load his back with wrong Over much and over long. Patience, with her cup o'jrrun, With he: weary thread outspun, Murmurs that her work is done. Boldly or with treacherous art, Strike your blood-wrought chain apart I Break the Union's mighty heart I Work the ruin if ye will 1 Pluck upon your own heads an ill Which shall grow and deepen still 1 With your bondmand's right arm bare With his heart of black despair, Stand alone, if stand ye dare ! Onward with your fell design— Dig the gulf and draw the line— Fire beneath your feet the mine ! Deeply when the wide abyss Yawns between your land and this, Shall ye feel your helplessness. Parson Brownlow of Tennessee. Most people throughout the country—and those especially who "take the papers"— have heard of Parson Brownlow,long the fa mous editor of the Kooxville Whig, away down in Tennessee. lie is, unquestionably, as original and eccentric as he is a marked character. Ho is better known and under* stood in the Southern than in the Northern States. Judged by such selections as have appeared from his pen, in the newspapers, one would regard him as a rough, uncouth, ill-mannered bully, better suited for a rough and tumble fight, among frontiersmen than to the amenities of of civil life. The least one would anticipate of such a fierce fire eater would be a brace of revolvers in his belt and a fourteen bowie sheathed down his back. But the personal appearance of the redsubtable Parson is quite the reverse of this ; indeed he appears like a modest, civil and well behaved gentleman of intelli gence and respectability. Parson Brownlow is a Methodist clergy man in full standing, very popular as a good christian exborter of his sect, and an editor and politician of the rankest and most vio lent type. He carries into all his public acts, religious, political or personal, the same exuberant spirit of zeal, abuse and de fiance. He has edited and sustained for more than twenty years, th 6 Whig in a fight ing community, and probably never issued a paper in wbicb some one was not heartily abused and defied by name. He is a fighing parson, belongs to the "church malitia," believes in conversion to the doctrine of Christ, and to the Whig doc- t r ino by "apostolic knocks" and puts his faith into the heartiest possiblo practice.— One of his quaint sententious paragraphs was that he "fought the Democrats six days iu the week and the Devil on Sunday." A bitter and "irrepressible" feud existed between him and a brother parson of the same persuasion, named Ilaynes, for years, but inomitable Brownlow always came on "the top of the heap." Their wrangle kept their conferences in hot water—and Billings gate had full reign in all their controversies, but the "fighting parson" triumphed and Ilaynes was turned out of the church. A characteristic story is related of him which is worth reading. Upon the borders of Virginia, there was a settlement of rough "bard shell" Baptists. The Methodists had long essayed to effect a lodgement in this quarter, but were summarily defeated by the decisive mode of turning their missionaries neck and heels out of the place—and this is no very tender or " do as you would be done by" siyle of christian treatment. With such vigor did these Baptists hold this tower of the Lord, that the Mbtbodlsts with ail their zeal for propagating the gospel, and their resolute devotion to the great duty, paused before this Baptist Gibraltar. The task ap peared to be a hopeless one, and no one of tbe faithful seemed anxious to encounter the risk of personal violor.ce —especially as a coat of tar and feathers had been designated as the fate of the next warrior of tke cross who should appear in that region in Metho dist garb. At last, however, Parson Brownlow was appointed to the duty of converting these heathens firm the error of their ways. The Parson was much younger and less celebrated than he is now, but the same fiery and reckless spirit animated him that has since extended his reputation so widely.— He koew the risks he was chosen to encoun ter. and rather relished the novelty and ex citement of this new field. Aecordingly, he mounted upon his horse, with the inevitable saddle bags of tbe Southern horseback trav' eler, he entered tbe enemys camp, and an nounced his purpose to give the barbarians of that locality "a creed of the true doctrine on the holy day to follow." The result was that his horse and saddlebags were taken as spoils, his person roughly maltreated, and he was turned loose in the "outskirts" of the place, and ordered, at his peril, never to study daylight in that quarter again. The Parson footed it home as best he might, but soon after re-appeared at the scence of con test and conflict, with another horse and an. other pair of saddle bags, to commence his labors. His treatment was commensurate with the hearty and religious indignation of his foes, aud once more the parson footed it home sore and horseless. A third time the irrepressible Brownlow appeared upon the field, to be served about as before ; only his pertinacity aDd courage had worked upon the curiosity as well as the fancy of a portion of the good people of that section. Some were for hearing what "the cuss was arter" but he was finally again unhorsed and unsaddle-bagged, and started home afoot; but he had effected a lodgement among those rude people, who loved pluck and grit if they did not love Methodism. Of course he was expelled again. And sure enough the fourth time, with the fourth horse and fourth pair of saddle bags appeared the persevering Brownlow. By this time there had arisen a decided curiosity to hear what the "cuss bad to say ; and the parson was allowed to preach. Well suited to the rude congregation before him, he soon won their confidence, and closed a decidedly popular man. A dozen invitations pressed him to dinner—a universal request that be would come again as soon as be could, and full res toration of the value of the lost horses and saddle hags proved the final triumph of the "irrepressible Methodist." The final result was, the place became the most invincible of Methodist strongholds, and Parson Brown low one of the most popular preachers among them. Training at West Point. At West Point the cadets are daily trained to shoot at a target with the musket or rifle. They fire ten targets, tho size and form of a man. Each squad is arranged in lines, so that each cadet and each squad is recorded, so that the qualities cf each as a marksman arc well known to the instructor. While on a visit to this famous military school last summer, we paid close attention to the rifle shooting of the cadets. It was what may be called in general, loose firing: yet we could not fail to notice how some of the cadets appeared to be born marksmen, while others appeared to be naturally inca pable of learning the art. One cadet, whom we watched, tried in vain to his target at a moderate distance.— Not believing the fault was in himself, he con p ained it must be in tbe rifle. He was soou eouvinoed of his error by the instructor taking up his rifle and planting a bullet right in the "bull's eye." We made some inquires of the instructor respecting tbe qual ities of the cadets in learning to shoot, when he told us that the youth to whom we have just referred could not make a martsman. Chapman, in his book cahed " The Araeii can Rifle," states that all men dodge in firing —some before, and others just after the shot is fired. The latter class may learn to be marb&meD, the former never. In learning to shoot with a rifle, a person should endeavor to acquire a steady, cool demeanor, with a true, quiok eye and nimble finger. Practice, and nothing but praotice, can make a good marksman. At the same time mere firing is not the only practice necessary. i Brigadier-General Lyon. The telegraph last evening brought to ua the sad intelligence of the death of Briga dier-General Lyon, commanding the United States forces in Missouri. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon was the son of a sub , stantial farmer of Asbford, Connecticut, and was the descendant, paternally and mater nally, of families who were distinguished for intellect and integrity of character. His ; mother was of the Kuowlton family, wbioh i produced two of the distinguished officers of the Revolution—one, the famous Col. Kuowl ton, who, as Maj ir, commanded the Connec ticut boys at tho Old Rail Fence, on the lef wing of the American army, at Bunker'* llill, and was afterwards killed at the battl? of Harlem Heights, New York. General Lyon was educated at the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he graduated with distinction in 1841, ! and remained in the army uatil the time of his death, having risen to tbe rank of Cap ; tain in the Second Infantry ; and by the re centchoice of the Missouri volunteers became j their Brigadier-General. He was in the j prime of life as a military commander, hav | ing been but forty-two years of age. Ho had great experience in his profession, especially in ihe rougher duties, which fitted bim so i especially for his position as Commander-in- Chief of the Missouri forces. His service had been principally upon the frontiers—in the Florida, Texas, California, Oregon, Kansas, . and other Indian and border wars. He was with General Scott's division during the Mexican campaign, and was breveted August 20, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious con duct in the battles of Contreras and Churu busco aDd was wounded at the Belen Gate of the city of Mexico, September 13, 1847. He had a strong physical constitution, a high order of intellect, and an energy whioh knew no bounds. Important Act of Congress. AN ACT to defiae and punish certain con spiracies. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States or America in Congress assembled, Th-t if two or more persons within any State of Territory of the United States shall conspire together to overthrow, or put down, or to destroy by force, the Government of the United States, or to levy war against the United States, or to oppose by force tho authority of the Government of the United States : or by force to prevent, hinder, or delay the executiou of the law of the United States ; or by force to seize, take, or pos sess any property of the United State 3 against the will or contrary to the authority of he United States ; or by force, or in timidation, or threat to prevent any person from accepting or holding any office, or trust, or place of confidence, under the Uni ted States, each and every person so offend ing shall be guilty of a high crime, and up on conviction thereof in any district or cir cuit court of the United States having juris diction thereof, or district or supreme court of any Territory of the United States having jurisdiction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not less than fire hundred dollars, and not more than five thousand dollars ; or by imprisonment, with or without hard labor, as the court shall determine, for a period not less than six months nor more than six years, or by both such fine and im prisonment. Approved, July 31, 1861. 'The World Subject to the South.' A Richmond (Va.) journal utters this idle talk: Luckily we cannot too often repeat or too strongly impress it upon our readers, we of the Southern States are wholly independent of all co-operation from foreign Powers.— We can live and prosper without assistance fiom any quarter. But not so with other*.' The most civilized and powerful nations of tbe globe are directly dependent upon us for their welfare, aDd even for the subsistence of their people. It is this consideration of self interest which will make them our frieods. As we hate the Yankees with a hate which every day only serves to increase and inflame we rejoice at any circumstance which tend* to multiply their enemies and embarrass their condition. Next to being able to exter minate them ourselves, the greatest pleasure we can enjov is tn witness their extermina tion by others. For this reason, it is, we pray eternally that they may be involved in horrible wars with all the Powers of the earth—be Bwept from the ocean and be ex terminated from tbe land. The English, who have come to appreciate the Yankees at his true value, aud entertain a just contempt for bim, imagine, and proba bly very correctly, that his doom is sealed, without a iilow from them. But if that blow is necessary, it will not be withheld. THE PRATING CHRISTIAN SOLDIER. —On the Sabbath morning on which the battle of Lake Champlain was fought, the British Commodore sent a man to the masthead to see what the Americans were doing en Com modore McDonough's ship. The look out told bim that they were gathered about the mainmast, and seemed to be at prayor. " Ah," said commodore Downie, " that looks well for them, but bad for us." And so it proved, for at the very first shot from the American ship, which was a chaiu'shot, the British Commodore was cut in two and killed in a moment. Commodore McDonongh was a man of prayer, and brave as a lion in bat tle. He died as he lived, a simple hearted, earnest Christian. A FATAL PRIZE.— The Cracow journals announce the death in that city of a man named Brikowski, who won th 2 great prize of 250,000 florins in tho Austrian lottery last year. To obtain immediate possession of his fortune he paid a discount of 11,000 florins, but from the moment he got it in his possession, he seems never to have en joyed a moment's peace, so fearful was ha that some robber would strip him of his un expected wealth. He kept it in an iron chest, locked up in an arched vault, and visited it morning and night, to see that all was safe, till at last, from excitement and anxiety, he fell ill, and typhus supervening, death soon delivered him from all his trou bles. Number 29.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers