YOLUME 27,
Sjje Centre gemoerat.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY BY
* J.S.&J. J. BRISBIN.
OJle* in Reynold' Iron Front, Second Floor.
TERMS. —SI,SO if paid in advance or within six
saonths after subscribing,otherwise $2 will invari
ably be charged. No subscriptions received for
a shorter period than six mcnths and none dis
continued, unless at the option of the editor, until
all arrearages are paid.
BUSINESS CARDS.
Q J. MURRY. ATTORSEY-AT-LAW,
BTCLKFOSTE, RENN'A. Office on High St.,
in the building formerly occupied by too Hon.
James Bumsiae, dee d. [mar. 14, 1861.—tf.
M'ALrUISTER & BEARER
AII'OKN LA'S -AT-LAW, BKLLKFONTS, FA
Office on Allegheny Street. Feb. 10'59
E~M, BLANCHARD- ATTORNEY
? -AL'-L.AYV, BLLLEUNTB, RENN'A. Office
lurmriy oecuj ied by the flon. James Burnside.
Jan. 19, 'tO.-tf.
\\T W BROW N-A TTORNEY-A T-
Vv . LAW LIKLLEKOSTE, BENNA . Will attend to
J1 legal business entrusted to bin-, with prouipt-
Efcss. May, 5 '59.
T AS! H. RANKIN, ATTORNEY-AT
|T/ LAW, BALLLFOITL.,PA. will attend prompt
ly to all legal business entrusted to him. Office
next door to toe Post Clffico. [Sipt. 20, 'GO, tf
V J. IIOCKM AN , SURVEYOR AND
-Li. UUK BISLLEFUNTK, PA., will
attend to aud correctly execute all busiuesi en
trusted to him. [June 14,-'6O, — tf.
vrSO. L. POTTER. Vfl. D.
OFFICE ou High street, (oldoffice.) Bellefonte
Pa. Will attend to professional calls as
keietofore, and respectfully offers his professional
services his friends and the public. 0ct.26'53
A. FAIRLAMB, If. D. J.IS. A. DOBBINS, M. D
KAIRLAMIU DOBBINS.
DK. I'AIKLAAIU has associated with him DR
J. 11. DOBBINSifI the practice of medicine
a thee as heretofore on bishop street, opposite the
Temperance Hotel. March 19,57.
e'iAsT r. GREC G respectfully offer
his professional services to tho peopla of
Muesburg aod vicinity. Residence, Daniel It.
Heilenu's National Hotel".
Refer to Dr. J. al. McCoy, Dr. G. L. Potter, Dr.
I. B. Mitchell. [Nov. 3, lSfiO.—tf.
M. REISER, SURGEON AND
PHYciiCIA N, having permanently located
•ffers-his Professional services to the citizens of
Prne Grove Mills and vicinity, and respectfully
Mluils a liberal portion of the public patronage.
[Feb. 16, '6o.—ly.
J. J. LINGLE, Operative
rarajKjgSL and Mechanical Dentist, will prac-
V-lLFryTr tice all the various branches of his
profession in the most approved manner. Office
and residence ou Spring St-Bellefonte* Pa.
[Mar. ?. '6O. tf.
JAK F. RIDDLE, ATTORNEY-AT
9J LAW, Btl.t-iiFoNrr: PA. '.V ill atttend to all
business entrusted to him with care and proinpt
nets. Refer to Gov. Pollock, Milton Pa. and
Son. A. G. Curtiu, Bellefonte Pa. Office with
John il. Stover" jan. 5, '6O.
"VST W. YV IIITE, DENTIST, has pcr
t , manently located m Boalsburg, Centre
Weunly Pa. Office on main St., next doer to tiiq
■tore of Johnston A Keller, where he purposes
*r*c Using his profession jn the most scientific
Manner and at mo Jerato charges.
Q, FURST s ATTORNEY-AT-LAW
* BLLLEFUNH., PA., will attend promptly to
*li business entrusted it Lis caro. Office oh
>'n'.iw3st corner of the Diamond.
Will practice in tho euvcral Courts cf Centra
*d Clinton comities. jan.24,'61 -tl.
JLAI C. MITCHELL. - CYRCS T. ALEXANDER
MITCH DLL I& ALEXANDER.
ATTOLF NKYTS-AT- LAW, BELLEFONTE PFNNA.
Lavii g associated themselves in the practice
wt law, wiii attcn i promptly to ail business en
trusted to their care
Office in the Aic. do [No'.'f !, '6o.—tf.
CO NV SYAfIJCING.
DEEDS BONDS, MORTGAGES, AND AR
TICLES OF AGREEMENT neatly and cor
veotly executed. Also, attention will be given to
tho adjustment of Book Accounts, and accounts
i Admicstrntior s nnd Executors prepared for filing.
e£ce next door to tho Post Office.
O ct., 19th, 'SB, WM. J. KEALSII.
JOITN IT. STOVER
A TTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW
BELLEFONTE, PA., wiii practice his pro
fession in the several courts of Centre county. —
All business entrusted to ira will be carefully at
tended to. Collections made and all monies
promptly remitted. Office, on High St. formerly
• peuped by Judge Burnside, and 1). C. Boal, Esq.
liherehe can be consulted both in the English and
Inthe jrerman language. May 6, '63—22 ly.
AB. UACMANUS. W. P. 11ACMANCS
J: & WM. P. MACMANUS,
ATTOKNEY'S-AT-LAW, BELLEFONTE, PA.,
Office in the rooms formerly occupied by
Linn A Wilson, Allegheny street. Jaa. Mucman
as has associated with W. P. Macmanus, Esq., in
the practice of law. Professional business intrus
tedt o tbeir care will receive prompt attention.
They will attehd the several Courts in the Coun
ties of Centre, Clinton and Clearfield.
Jane 21, '6O, tf.
TIAEE & IIOY> ATTORNEYS-AT
JLI LAW, will attend pro nptly to all business
entru stedto their care. Office in the building
formerly occupied by Hon, Jas. T. Hale.
'A CARD.
Messrs. Hale A Hoy will attend to my business
during my absence in Congress, and will be as
sisted by me in the trial of all causes entrustedto
them. J. T. IIALE. jans'lß6o
CURTIKT& BLANCH ARC.
A TTORN EY'S-AT-L AW,BELLEFONTE,PESNA
The undersigned having associated them
selves in the practise of Law, will faithfully at
tend to all professional business entrusted to them
in Centre, Clintion and Clearfield counties. All
collections placed in their hinds, will receive
their promt attention. Office in Blanchard's new
building on Allegheny street.
Nov. 30 'SB CUIITIN A BLANCHARD.
ISil YSiMJS'4m noust: OF
WM. F.. REYNOLDS & CO.
BELLEFONTE, CENTPiE CO., PENN'A.
Bills cf Exchange and Notes discounted ; Collec
tions made and Funds promptly remitted. Inter
est paid on Special Deposits, Exchange on the
JSKShe-n cities constantly on haiid and for sale.
Deposits received. April 7 'SB
WM. HARDING, FASHIONABLE BARBER AND
HAIR DRESSER, BELLEFONTE, PA., Has
opened a Barber Shop one door above the Frank
lin House, where be can be found at all times.—
flood Razors, keen and sharp, kept constantly on
hand. Hair Dressing, Shampooning, Ac., atten
ded to in the mos; workman-like manner. He
bopea by gtriot attention to business to receive a
JEMftot ah are of public patronage.
% Jfmmljj jjUtosppcr—fficboteft to Ijflfitits, jfcemptrantt, fiterature, Science, Cfee %tis t Utecjjanics, Cfee Iftarfetis, (Smcation, gimttsmtnt, Central fnifliigtntt, tit.,
Great Work on the Horse.
THE HORSE 4HIS DISEASES:
BY ROBERT JENNINGS. V. S-,
PROFESSOR OF PATHOLOGY AND OPERATIVE SCR
GER Y IN IBE CTLLL GE OP PHILADELPHIA, ETC.
WILL TELL YOU of the Origin, History and dis
tinctive traits of the various breeds of
European, Asiatic, African and Amer
ican Horses, with the physical forma
tion and peculiarities of the annul,
and how to ascertain his age by the
number and condition cf hi 3 teeth ;
illustrated with numerous explanatc
rv engravings.
THE HORSE AND HIS DISEASES
i WILL TELL YOU ot Breeding, Breaking, Stabling,
Feedirg, Grooming, Shoeing, and
the general management of the horse,
witi tbe best modes of administering
medicine, also, how to treat Biting
Kicking, Rearing. Shying, Stumbling,
Crib Biting, Restlessness, "and other
vices to which he is subject; with nu
merous explanatory engravings.
THE HORSE AND HIS DISEASES
WILL TELL YOU of the causes, symptoms, AN4
Treatment of Strangles. Sore Throat,
Distemper, Catarrh, Influenza. Bron
chitis. Pneumonia, Pieurisy, Broken
Wind, Chronic Cough, Roaring and
Whistling, Lampas, Sore Mouth and
Ulcers, and Decayed Teeth, with oth
er diseases of the Mouth and Respic
ratory Organs.
THE HORSE AND IIIS DISEASES
WILL TELL YOU of the causes, symptoms, and
Treatment of Worms, Hots, Colic,
Strangulation, Etony Concretions,
Ruptures, Palsy, Diarrhoea Jaundice,
Hepatirrhtca, Bloody Urine, Stones
in the Kidneys and Bladder. Icflama
tion, and other diseases of the Stom
ach, Bowels, Liver and Urinary Or
gans.
THE HORSE AND HIS DISEASES
WILL TELL You of the causes, symptoms, and
Treatment of Bone, Blood and Bog,
Spavin, Ring-bone, Sweenie, Strains,
Broken Knees, Wind Galis, Founder,
Sole Bruise and Gravel, Cracked
Hoofs, Scratches, Canker, Thrush and
Corns; also, of Megrims, Vertigo,
Epilepsy. Staggers, and other diseas
es of the Feet, Leg?, anil Head.
THE HORSE. AND HIS DISEASES
WILL IELL YOU of the causes, SY lnp'onis, anfl
Treatment of Fistula, Poll Evil,Glan > -
oers, Farcy, Scarlet Fever, Mange,
Surfeit, Locked Jaw, Rheumatism,
Cramp, Galis, Diseases of the Eye A
Heart, Ac., Ac., and how to manage
Castration, I leeding, Trcphinning,
Doweling, Firing, Hernia, Amputa
tion. Tapping, and other surgical op
erations.
THE HORSE AND HIS DISEASES
WILL TLLL YOU of liarey's MetiioU ot taming
Horses: how to Approach, Halter, or
Stable a Colt; Low to accustom a
Lersa to strange sounds and sights,
end how to Eit, Saddle, Ride, and
Break him to Harness ; also, the form
and 'aw of WARRANTY. The whole
being the result of more thau fifteen
years' careful study of the habits, pe
culiarities, want3and weakness oi this
noble and useful animal.
The book contains 334 pages, appropriately il
lusirated, by nearly One Hundred Engravings. It
is printed in a clear and open type, tyid will be
forwarded to any address, postage paid, on receipt
of price, "half bound, $1 00, or in cloth, extra,sl,2s.
1 s I 000 A YEARr;. b :?:t
prising men everywhere, in set.mg the above, aud
other popular works of ours. Our inducements
to a:i sucn are exceeding'y liberal.
For single cepies of ths Book, or for terms to
agen.s, with other information, apply to or address
JOHN E. POTTER, Publisher,
No. 617 Suoom St., Philadelphia, Pa.
Nov. 8, 1860.—6 m.
The People's Cook Book
MODERN "OOOKERY
IK ALL ITS BRANCHES,
MISS ELIZA ACTON.
CAREFULLY REVISED LY Mrs. S.J. HALE.
It Tells Yen how to choese all kinds of Meats,
Poultry,.and Game, with all the various
and most approved modes of dressing
•anil cooking Beet" and Pork; also tbe
best and simplest way of salting, pick
ling and curing the same.
It Tells You All the various and most approved
modes of dressing, cooking, and boning
Mutton, Lamb, Veal, Poultry, and
Gamo of all kinds, with the different
Dressings, Gravies, and Stuffiiugs ap
propriate to each.
It Tells You how to choose, clean, and presarve
Fish A all kinds, and how to sweeten it
when taiDted ; also the various and
most ndproved modes of cookiug, with !
thediffereut Dressings, Sauces, and Fla
vorings appropriate to each.
It Tells You all tU-. various and most approved |
modes of preparing over fifty different |
kinds of Meat, Fish, Fowl, Game, and !
Vegetable Soups, Broths, and Stews, j
with the Relishes aud Seasonings ap- j
propriate to each.
It Tells You all the various and most approved I
modes of cookiug Vegetables of every j
description, also how to prepare Pickles,
Catsups and Curries of all kinds, Potted
Meats, Fish, Game, Mushrooms. Ac.
Tells You all the varrious and most approved
modes of preparing and cooking all
kinds af Plain and Fancy Pastry, -Pud- ;
dings, Omcletts, Fritters, Cakes, Con
fectionery, Preserves. Jellies, and sweet
Dishes of every description.
It Tells You all the various and most approved
modes of making Bread, Rusks. Muf
fins, and Biscuit, the best method of |
preparing Coffee, Chocolate, and Tea, |
and how to make Syrups, Cordials and |
Wines of various kinds.
It Tell You how to set out and ornament a Table, !
hi w to Carve ail kind's of Fisb, Flesh j
or Fowl, and in short, how to simplify i
the whole Art of Cooking as to bring the i
ckoisest luxuries of the table within ev- I
crybedy's reach.
The book contains 418 pages, and upwards of
twelve hundred Receips, a'l of which are the re
sults of actual experienco, having been fully aud
carefully tested under the personal superinten
dence of the writers. It is printed in a clear aLd
open type, is illustrated with appropriate engra
ving, and will be forwarded to any address, neat
ly bound, and postage paid, on receipt of the
price SI.OO, or in cloth, extra, $1.25.
Cil AAA A VTP A P can bo made b y cnter "
ijpIUUU I\. X XoXiXt prising men every where,
in selling the above work, our iuducemeso neiits to
al l such being very liberal.
For single copies of the Book, or for terms to
agmts, with other information, apply to or ad
dress JOHN E.POTTER, Publisher.
No. 617 Sansom St., Philadelphia, Pa.
Nov. 8 1860.—6 m.
DLEYDEN A CO., have just received a fin i
# assortment of Fall and Winter Geods which
ihey offer very low foroash or country produce.
Nor. 8, 1860. U.
t"WE STAND UPON THE IMMUTABLE PRINCIPLts OF JUSTICE —NO EARTHLY POWER SHALL DRIVE US FROM OUR.POSITION.
BELLEFONTE, PA., THUBSDAY MORNING, JUNE, 6, 1861.
From the Christion Advocate.
Pat j of the Nation.
If the notion's life were transient ts the
life of a man ; if its influence for good or ill
were limited to a brief and narrow space ; if
the living generation alone were involved in
the consequences of its action ; if its func
tions might be suspended and its organic
| life expire without violence and injury; il it
I bad no boarded good to be queath to poster
ity aloDg with its own integrity ; if nor Gsd
nor man would be defrauded in its disrup
tion; if its end were accomplished, its mis
sion completed—much more, if greater good
might ensue from its abrogation; if it had
! come to be an evil instead of a good ; if its
institutions and government were prophetio
of wrongs and oppressions ; then might we
. look with indifference upon the great strug
-1 gle which has so suddenly fallen upon u*—
! might even be consenting to the overthrow,
j Why seek to penetrate that which is of no
'value? Why resort to the bloody arbitra
; ment of the sword for an obsolete idea?—
Why rally to the support of a defunct and
! meaningless constitution, a worthless and
superseded flag? Why, when no good is in
yolved, the men cf the North stand oyer
against the men of the South ? They have
insulted us 1 Suppose they have ; cannot
we forgive and go on as before? But they
have robbed us, and defied us, and killed our
brothers, and humbled our flag, and called
us cowards, What of all that ? are Ihey not
our superiors ? But they have sent forth pi
radical fleets to prey upon our commerce,
and gathered armies to invest our eapital and
drive out our President, and proclaimed their
purpose to burn or occupy our great cities I
j Admitted ; what then ? Who are we, that
we should object ? But they will not be
I content with this; having gained so much,
j tbey will subjugate us ; tbey will enthrone a
despotism of masters, aDd we and our ehild
■ ren will be oppressed and domineered over
| and plundered; anarchy will ccme into the
; whole land, aud bloody revolution succeed
| ir>g revolution, decimate the petty states.—
iNo doubt of it. But what have we to do
about it? Is it not as well that we should
be slaves as freemen ? lias freedom ever
done any thing for us that we should fight for
it ? Is it not better to bow to the force of
circumstances? Has not nature made some
■men to rule, and others to be slaves ? Shall
we fight against God ? How can we hope
to succeed even if we attempt resistance?—
On their side, is their not learning, and
wealth, and bravery, and beauty, and blood?
On ours barbarism, and impoverishment, and
cowardice, and lowliness ? On their side
have they not justice, and humanity, and
freedom ? on ours fraud, and cruelty, and
slavery ? Js it not madness in us to contend
against such odds? Would our fathers been
guilty of such temerity ? Wero they so be
sotted as to put their lives in peril for an
idea? Had tbey any such I lie notions
about country arid freedom as to bleed and
iie for them ? Will not their very dust cry
out against us, trom the heights of Concord,
and Lexington, and Bunker Hill, and Tren
ton, if we prosecute this war? Let us dis
band out armies, and not dishonor their
memories. Tbey eet us the example how to
be slaves, cannot we be worthy of them ?
But an end to this ; this war is duty.—
We could submit to be branded, and defied,
and insulted, and robbed, and even enslaved,
and banded down the ages with eyery term
of opprobrium AS a craven, degenerate race;
could forget all the glorious memories of the
past, nnd abandon all the glory of the pres
ent, if these were all, rather then engage in
a long and bloody war ; but there are other
considerations paramount in this case. Sa
cred as 1 fa is, there are some things more
sacr;d ; fur which, not one life alone, but a
hundred thousand of a nation's best blood,
and all its treasure, were a cheap price.—
This is a recognized principle of the govern
ment of God. He places right above all.—
To secure it lie pledges bis throne and om
nipotence to the destruction of wrong, by the
destruction of wrong doer. His government
based in love and ordored for good, and cal
culated to secure it, rests upon the idea that
the infliction of evil, which is itself an infe
rior good, may be necessary for the greater
good. Ho ordains that life shall be taken
that more life and moro happiness may be
preserved, and he employs men in executing
the ordination. The present is a case in
poiut. God has raised up a nation on this
continent for a great and beneficent purpose;
has deposited with them the most .benign in-'
stitutions of civil and religious freedom that
have ever blessed the world, and endowed
them with unparalleled means of usefulness
to the rest of mankind ; and with the endow
ment Las devolved upon them the sacred du
ty of preserving aod perpe a ting these great
blessings. Unburn millions are interested
in the fidelity with which the trust shall be
guarded. Nor is the interest local; it is as
wide as the world.
There is not an island in the sea, nor a
hamlet on the broad continents, that has not
stake in the issue. It is not New England
and the Middle and Western States, with
tbeir manufacturing aud commercial mil
lions alone, that are to be affected; but men
of all climes and through all time. The cau*
ses at work go into history, and sooner or
later must be prolific of consequensss over
the entire raoe. Great as present effeots are,
they are oomparitivaly nothing. Who can
measure the effects ot the war of the Revolu
tion ? In the righting up qf the Dations God
has ordained that this nation should have a
part, and it is so vanity to eav a conspicuous
part. We dare not disappoint the decree.—
Woe be to the hand that attempts to arrest
the fiat of heaven.
That hand has been lifted 1 Men in the
South have prtclaimed with eatfcs that the
government shall be abolished ; have banded
together, that the stars and stripes shall be
stricken down ; that, dishonored and degra
ded in tbe eyes of other nations, and distrao
ted and demoralized among ourselves, our
power shall he broken, and the hopes of the
world blasted. To accomplish this they hoist
the flag of rebellion and sound tbe bugle of
war ! With words of defiaoce they come to
meet us and execute their threat. The in
terests in behalf of which they make war
upon us are mammon and slavery; they off
er us an overthrow that may extend and es
tablish for ever the enslavement of millions
of human beiDg* I This is tbe issue. There
are two alternatives. One is to submit, to
bow down and make no resistance; to say
to them, Gentlemen, have it your own way ;
we are men of peace, and do not believe in
bloodehed. If we take this course, we shall
saye the lives of our stns, aDd the immedi
ate borrers of war! Dare we do it? With
the eyes of the glorious past upon us, and
with the imploring gaze of unborn genera
tions looking to us, and under the awful gaze
of the Almighty, who holds us responsible
for the part we act, dare we do it ?
Tbe other alternative is civilized warfare.
We must meet them, and say to them, with
ihe thunder of guns, and the gleam of bayo
nets, Ilaods off ! Pare we refuse ? Ad
mit that seme, perhaps many, will die; that
our land shall be filled with wailings, that
our wealth shall be consumed, that most
that we loved upon earth ahull be lost in the
struggle, still, with the awful responsibility
resting upon us, dare we refuse ? Never !
Appealing to the Searcher of hearts for the
justice of our cause, impelled by a sense of
our obligations to posterity, we must accept
the challenge. We have done so. The na
tion has riseu up as one man from Maine to
our Western border and said, Ready! The
bridegroom has deserted bit bride weeping
Uessiuga on bis bosom ; the sou has torn
bimseii irons tbe arms of his mother pro
nouncing benedictions on his head, and in
brave thousands men bare rushed around
the standard aud capital cf the land. May
God be with them, and give us Boor an hon
orable peace.
War Manifestations.
The Secession conspiracy came to a bead
in bouth Carolina a littie more than six
months ago ; and from that hour every sym
pathizer with tbe tra tors has been preparing
for tbe ißevitable Contest. The net result is
—according to our best acoouuti—an aggre
gate muster of Oue Hundred and Ssveuty
live Thousand Men-at-arms under the ban
ner of Jeff. Davis.
The calculation of the conspirators before
! hand was that the Siave (States could eeud
into the field Four Hundred Thousand com
batants. We do not consider that extrava
gant if it had reference merely to a levy en
masse, fur a special occasion—say, to resist
an advancing hoast in the heart of the rebel
regions; hut we doubt the ability of the in
surgent States to keep in the field more than
Two Hundred thousand fighting men. Of
these, half will be absolutely required to
guard exposed points and man essential for
tifications ; so that One Hundred Thousand
will be the highest number disposable for
active service. In an emergency, a larger
army can be concentrated for a battle in
some position central to tbe rebellion ; but
for any offensive operation—any movement
that requires ample baggage and baggage
wagons, provisions, munitions, field artille
ry, pontoons, &c., One Hundred Thousand
is the full disposable strength of the rebell
ion. And the ability to keep even that num
ber in the field throughout an average cam
paign is yet to be demonstrated.
Now let us consider dispassionately the
military resources of the loyal States:
Tbe Union States did not begin to a m for
the eoutest until the Fail of Fort Sumter, not
yet six weeks ago. Since that event, not less
than Five Hundred Thousand men have vol
unteered to fight under and for the old flag.
Of thrse, over Two Hundred Thousand have
been accepted, organized, and are now in the
field or drilling at various points, impatient
to be ordered to the front. One Huodred
Thousatd more have been fully organized,
are of undoubted efficiency, and ougnt (we
think) to be promptly accepted. The resi
due of the Half Million—though sorely tried
by past rebuffs and discouragements—will
rally to the standard of tbe Union upon the
first assurance that their proffers of service
will be regarded and feated as those of well
deserving patriots, not beggarly office-seek
ers. We hold it already demonstrated that
Half a Million. Americans are ready and ea
ger to fight for the Uniwn, so soon as they
can be ebure that the?f services will be
•promptly and cordially accepted, and that
the President may, if he sees fit, announce
to Congress, in his Message on tbe sth of
July next, that Four Hundred Thousand eff
ective patriots are already under arms, pre
pared to make short work of Secession and
its abetters. And tbe disparity in arms,
munitions, provisions, &c., will be quiet as
decided as that in men.
And here is another ground of contrast.;
Tbe martial and agricultural South has al
ready been constrained to resort to draft or
conscription, and has largely recruited her
armies by giving persons suspected of Union
ism their choice between enlisting in the
traitor ranks and being hunted out as
" Abolition traitors," so that thousands now
stand in her ranks who would rather be al'
most anywhere else. Even the siege of Sum
ter was converted by warning oat to serve-
in the enveloping host whfile regiments
mechanics and cierks whose devotion to the
rebel cause was purely matter of inference,
or of stern necessity. Throughout the in
surgent States, mobs of "Precipitators,"
Vigilance Committees, &0., have been for
mouths arresting persona suspected cf not
hating tbe Uuion and compelling tb6m to
prove their devotion to " Southern Rights"
by enlisting in the Secession ranks, or take
the consequences of being suspected of pre
ferring Liberty for all to Slavery. Such sol
diers may be worth something to the service
into which they are thus coerced, but the
chances are against that presumption.
Tbe Uoion has credit at home and abroad;
the rebellion Deither at home nor abroad.-
Of the Fifteen Million Loan jut issued,
about half has been taken like physio, with
a very general preference for homeopathic
doses. Of the Fifty Millions now called for
not a thousand dollars has been or will be
taken except because it musl be. Tbe Filtv
Millions of bonds duly executed would not
bring Ten Millions in bard coin on an ex
change in Europe —nor any where else.
In arms, the traitors tiaye probably a
pressn: advantage ; but every hou* is dimin
ishing it, and preparing to turn the tables.
We shall henceforth both make and import
ten guns to the rebels' one; while in muni
tions our preponderance ie already deoided.
Add to this that Provisions are much cheap
er with us than with tbe rebels, while of
vessels, whether for war or transportation,
we have a hundred to one.
Such—we think fairly stated —are the sup
pices under which the Union prepares for a
death-grapple with ita mortal foe. Believ
ing that a long war is impracticable, even
were it not absolutely ruinous, we hope to
see the struggle for the Union prosecuted
with all possible energy and means; for if
the traitors prove stronger than tho Uaion
! ists, we shall insist thaMhe foot be promptly
j admitted and conformed to. But let the full
j strength of the Unionists be put forth at the
earliest practicable moment, and treason
must either quail or fall before it. And if
this nation ia doomed to speedy overthrow,
History will declare that a great and heroic
People gallantly resisted, and grudged no
sacrifices, shrunk from no perils, that would
have averted its fall.
Recognition as "'Belligerents."
Lord John Rnssell, in hia remarks in the
House of Commons respecting the southern
confederacy, is repcrted to have cetd this
language; "As to the letters of marque.
'• there was a precedent in the case of Greece,
" when it seperated from Turkey, the right
"of that country to issue letters of marque
" was allowed, aod the law officers of the
" crown, who had been consulted, bad de
clared that such a tight would belong to
"the southern confederacy;"
It may help us to a clearer understanding
of the position of the English government to
bear in mind that there are three ways in
which foreign powers may treat provinces in
revolt against the government to which they
have heretofore oorne allegiance. They may
(Is.) regard them as in rebellion tgainst a
legitimate government, in which case they
would refuse all intercourse and withhold all
commercial privileges ; or (2d) they may re
gard them and their former government as
equal parties to a civil war, and BO admit
*he flags of both into their ports; or (3d)
they may acknowledge the independence of
the revolutionists, and establish with them
the ordinary diplomatic relations. The ten
or of Lord John Russeli's remarks would
seem to imply that the English government
intends to regard the southern confederacy
as belongmg to the second Category. That
is to say, it will treat it at we treated the j
Spanish South American republics during
the years that intervened between their re
volt and our recognition of their indepen
dence. In their case our sympathies were
strongly excited, but we declined to recog
nize tLeir rights as belligerents until their
success became probable. The principles of
the law of nations, applicable to such cases,
| ate so cleary s.ated in President Monroe's
! message, reciting our course in reference to
the South American republics, that we are
temptod to introduce tbe following instruc
tive extract; "As soon as the moyement
" assumed such a steady and consistent form
"as to make tbe success of the provinces
" probable, the rights to which they were cn _
" titled by the law of nations, as equal par
*' ties to a civil war, where extended to them,
" Each party was permitted to enter our ports
" with its public and private ships, and to
" take from them every article which was the
" subject with commerce with other nations.
"Our citizens, also, have carried cn com
" merce with both parties, and the govern
" ment has protected it with each in articles
" not contraband of war. Through the whole
" of this contest the United States have ro
" mained neutral, and have fulfilled, with the
" utmost impartiality, all the obligations in
" cident to that character."
We could DOC reasonably complain of Great
Britain for actirg according to the principles
here stated, and which guided our own gov
ernment in a somewhat analogous case.—
But if tbe British government has already
decided to recognize tbe southern confedera
cy as a belligerent, we may justly accuse it
of undue and unbecoming haste. Tbe move
ment in the South has not " assumed such a
" steady and consistent form as to make sue
"cess probable;" and, until that shall be
the case, no foreign power has any to
tiaat it otherwise than as an insurrection
against a legitimate government. We are
confident that when Lord Palmerston and
Lord John Russell have had the advantage
of listening to tbe explanations of our new
minister, Mr. Adams, they will take no pre
cipitate steps toward granting commercial
privileges to rebels, whose defeat and over
throw are morally certain,— N. Y- World.
D EATH OF COL. ELISWOETH
SKETCH OF UIS LIFE.
The news'of tbe murder of Col. Elmer E.
Ellsworth, at Alexandria, is calculated to
create a feeling of intense sadness aud indig
nation throughout tbe loyal stales, and re
veals to us another phase of southern teaeh
ery and fanaticism. In the death of Col.
Ellsworth our volunteer ariry will lose one
of its most efficient and enthusiastic officers
in the French school of light infantry tactics,
popularly known as the Zcuave drill. For
these duties be manifested a skili and profi
ciency that amounted to a positive genius,
and augured a promising fulure as a milia
ry leader.
Col. Ellsworth was born near Mechnnics
viile, in Saratoga coumy, N. Y.,, April 23,
1837, and was, therefore, at the time of his
death only twenty-four years of age. In
his early youth he manifested strong milita
ry inclinations, lis lived at home until
twelve or thirteen year\of ags, during which
time he received a good comiaon-chool edu
cation. lie was ulways a close and diligent
student. Ou leaving home he went to Troy,
and was emplcytd fur a number of years as
a clerk in a store in that city. Lut the nar
row limits of the counter wore tut sufficient
for tiio developments of bis talents and am
bition, and, leaving his business, he came to
this city, where he remained about two
years. Some six years sißce he removed to
Chicago, arriving there penniless, and with
kout a profession or certain means of support;
but, by bis industry, perseverence, aud ener
gy, he soon achieved an honorable position
in that city. The exciting exploits of tho
French Zouaves at sebastupoi led him to in
vestigate this description to drill. Coming
to the decision that the Zouaves tactics were
, the most efficient yet studied, he set to work
to organize a company of this character in
Chicago, Ly the title of " The Chicago Zou
aves." Forty or fifty young men joined tho
company, and be devoted himself assiduous
ly to drilling them to the highest perfection
in every branch of taotica, After a practice
of about a year, a tour to the L ist was pro
jected. They arr.ved in New York on the
14, b of July, la6o, alter a triutnphart pro
gress through the Western States. Ths nov
elty of tbeir drill, tbeir fantastic dress, the
precision of tbeir evolutions attracted univer
sal attention, not only from military men
bus from the general public. The exhibi
tion at the Academy of Music was an im
mense success, aud Col. Ellsworth became
known all over the country as the originator
oi the Zouave drill in the Cuited States.—
New Zouaves companies began to be organi
sed at nust of the large cities.
Col. Ellsworth lateiy studied law with Mr.
Lincoln, anq was admitted to the bar last
spring. After Mr. Lincoln's election to the
Presidency, it was generally understood that ;
Colonel Ellsworth would be attached to bis
person. He accompanied the President to ;
Washington, and was one ef the most active
and attentive members of the party. It was
expected that be would be placed in soma
important position in the War Department,
but it is not probable that such a position
would have been iu accordance with bis de
sires. Immediately upon the outbreak of
the war he sought active Service, and came
forward to New York and commenced the •
organization of a Zouave Regiment fn.m
members of the Fire Department. The free
dom and dash of tbe Zouaves drill exactly
suited the spirit of tLe firemen, and in aa in
credibly short time a full regiment had been '
formed, and was on its way to Washington.
The regiment baa elicited universal admira- ,
tun, i
His parents are still living at his native
place. His only brother died & year ago
last spring, lie had no sister. At the liuie
cf his departure from the city with his regi
ment, his parents were stopping at the Astor
House. At his last interview with them be
fore he left, his mother 6aid
"1 hope God will take care of you, Elmer."
"lie will take care of me, mother," he re
plied. "He has led me iu this work, aud
He will take caro of me."
God has taken care of him, and the cul
minatiou of bis iiie could not have been more
glorious lor himself or the cause for which
he died-
Col. Ellsworth was exceedingly beloved
wherever he was intimately kuown. The
impiessiun was sometimes obtained by straua
gers that there was a degree of affection in
his dopartmeut, but those that knew him best
were bis warmest and most devoted friends.
At Chicago and Rockford he was a universal
favorite. President Lincoln entertained fur
hini a high personal regard.
It may not he amiss; to mention at this
time that Col. Ellsworth has been engaged
for the last two years to Hiss Carrie Spuffbrd
a young lady of seventeen, the duughtet ol
Charles F, iipafford, a wealthy cu.zen of
Rockford, Illinois, Miss Spaffurd was re
cently a student in the Carroll Institute,
Brooklyn. The marriage would probably
have tuicen place ere this, but for the break'
ing out of the war.
The death of Col. Ellsworth will mark an
era in the history cf this war, and his name
will hereafter stand by the side of Warren
and others who fell among the first in the
Revolution in defense of their country. The
assassin who has deprived him of life bas
NUMBER 18
conferred upon him immortality. Ti:e effeot
ol his murder will he to inteueify ttie war
fee! ng iu the North and to i'jruish >. battle
cry iu future conflicts!
Ic. the city the news of his death wis re
ceived with expressions of toe most profound
I sorrow. Most of the flags on publio ucd
. private buildings, and on the vessels iu the
j harbor, were lowered at half mast, in token
jof respect to his memory. A meeting; of the
fund committee of hisjregimeut was held yes
terday afternoon, at four o'clock to take
j propriate measures in regard to bis death.
—
I M'Cartv's New and Powerful
Cannon.
480 Balls Fired, in one Minute withont Poi
l der—Gunpowder Superceded by Centrifu
gal Force.
An exhibition of a new and inique cannon
took place yesterday afternoon at the foot of
Thirty-third street; North river. It is one
of the most singular implements of war that
lias ever been exhibited to the American
people, and places Winan's gun entirely in
the shade, sending balls at the rate of 480
per minute without any powder or apparent
effort. The gun used yesterday in the ex
periment had only an inch bore, and was
about three feet long. This modest looking
gun is attached to a wheel about four feet in
diameter, and not over four inches thick,
looking like a flange, or, as some would call
it, a balance wheel. On one sido of this
wheel or flange is a tube which connects
the wheel with a hopper, in which are pour
ed the balls in a promiscuous manner, as
apples are thrown into the hopper of a cider
mill, the machinery inside the wheel re
ceiving the balls, carrying them around to
the gun barrel, and throwing them through
the bore of the gun at the rate mentioned
above, simply by centrifugal force, and at a
velocity almost incredible.
' The motion of this wheel is kept up by
means of cranks attached to cogwheels, about
five feet in the rear of the large wheel or feed*
er to the gun barrel, a band passing from
| these wheels to a pulley on the side of the
I large wheel. The gun that we saw in op
; eration, using one inch balls, was worked
i by six men at the cranks as motive power,
j one as feeder, pouiing the balls into the
, hopper, and the inventor of the gun in the
rear of all, taking aim and shifting the gun
at will from one direction to another. With
\ the power got up in this vray, balls poured
I out of the gun in a perfect stream, and it
appeared as though one continuous shower
| was being hurled against the target, sta
: tinned about 50 yards'distant, most of them
going through three thicknesses of boards.—
The gun was afterwards raised at an angle
of 30 deg., and its capacity as to distance
tested. The rive at the foot of Thirty -third
street is about one and three fourth miles
wide. The gun was stationed some distance
back from the shore, and the balls were
seen to drop into the water among the sha(|
| poles toward the west side of the Hudson!
; at the lowest estimate one mile from the
starting point, and all this by centrifugal
force or the arrangement of the machinery
to use this throwing off power.
When the machinery is put in motion 1$
sounds like a threshing machine, and has &
like hum about it. The only report about
its firing is the clank of the balls passing
I into the large wheel. They pass off without
: the least noise, no one knowing their de
parture until they strike the target at a dis
tance. The experiment yesterday was a
complete success, and its operation justifies
the assertion that, lor the purpose of putting
down a street mob, no implement has been
invented its equal. No band of desperadoes
could stand many minutes before an inces
sant fire of almost 500 balls per minute.—
The same inventor has a 32 pounder on the
principle ot the gun completed. The ma
chinery works by means of steam, and will
throw fully as many balls as the small gun.
.Lhe inventer ot this wonderful implement
of war is Mr. McCarty, He has spent soma
ten years upon the project, and has fiually
obtained a gun that bids fair to do all that
his wildest dreams pictured to him. They
are manufactured by J . Colwell, No. 340,
West 1 wenty-fourth street, who can make
several per week. A persou connected with
the establishment intends to visit Washing
ton the first of next week, and urge the War
Department to try one of them. ' '
Several of ttie officers of the regiments
forming in the city witnessed the operation
ot the guu yesterday, and wo understand
that McLeod Murphy intends to take oue for
his regiment. It is really one of the won
ders of the day, aud if, on future trials, it
sustains its yesterday's effort, it cannot fail
to become a powerful and useful weapon of
warfare.—JV. I. Herald.
I AMERICAN ARISTOCRACY— Heroes of ths
; Revolution. —it may be a consolation to
| " siuokup peopie," whose great boast is
that tuey iiave uever been engaged in any
" useiuJ employment," to be tola the follow
log tacts :
Washington was a suiveyor and a farmer.
IVaukiiu was a priuter.
Greene was a physician.
bumpier was a shepherd.
Koger bherman was a shoemaker.
Marrion was a tanner, as was also Puk
Darn, Allen and btark.
Hancock was a shipping merchant.
Morgan was a wagoner. *'
Xruuibell was an artist.
Arnold (who, though a traitor, vu .
brave man and a good general,).wa a wi
seller and druggist., - H