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CL? 4 Im1f.11Anil.nnA UnHnr. t'Hlln.llt.l.ln
if AtjUKrte CiTT Pre i-L'tileit nulMIng
7 NSW YeSK .10,4 Miicllsnn Ave
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KA'r,m Loeis 013 OfoV-Demecrtit Iliiliillt.ff
by CtJtOMO 1.102 7'rlbunc liulMiti;;
fck - ??.5W8 nenr-At-si
ffi ' tt. K. Cor. Pennsylvania Ave. nnfl 14th M
1? NfeW Yerk lltiRRiu 1he Ann Itu'Mliia
r .IxIndem Dcnr.iv Trafalgar Uu.Mlns
B Tn EfEMScl 1'lkLI', l.tllHikU IS H'lved te sub
r ... .i....... ... i. ..i ..... .... . .. . i. ..
.f.uvin in g iiiiaurii'iii i ,11,11 ui iiiiui.iirK ttii.s
l,lht rata of twelve (1) cents vvr week. Hnb
,li.he currier,
' fey mull te points eut-lJe of riilli.detr.hln Ii
the Lnltnl .icilf-, I'lnmln. r flitted Simps w -
sessions, pestnue free, tlfty (.0) tenta rtr tnenlli.
Bli (til) dollar- per e.ir nMililu In nclvnnre
Te oil fnrtMim countries one. (ID dnllir a tnnnili
NeTtcB Subucrll'cni lhlti(5 Brt.lrefa cltumrcil
mutt live old pll a-, new il.liJrf.
.ftft-. .....
ttt. JOOO TAI.MT Kr.YT0NE. MMV IMt
VT Address nil (amnitinlrnfh.it te i.'rnilna rulil'"
Ufdaer, Indrpeudcnet Siiunre. i'dllnrfcfii.in.
T
Member of (he Associated Press
klJE ASSOCI.IT17H 1'HL'SS (i rxdiufpry rti
f(t)rd fe fhc tur nr r;ubfirnlien e tiru'i
iHtpalchm credit til te it or net pUitrwtec cndifil
(KffllA paver, und alie the local i:tn'.- vuthi d
tAirrln.
till rights of TfpuiUeatlun c spectal iftsjiafc'ifi
hrrrtn are alie mcrvrd.
f Philidflphll. TuflJr, etrmb(r 7, H23
;
THE SPANGLER DISASTER
BETWi:i: thi lines of current new
from tlie Iteilly mine nt Spanclcr, C.un
bilji County, arc oxiilcliec-- of one of the
Kl'untct fiiti-trn;ln'H in t!n iiNteij of lVim
nylinnla coal inluins. -Vint the nnc-t -istiiil
cult mil nievlns tliiiiit !ilinit t!ili i.u iu ul if
disaster Is tliat no uriliuar fei'i'-lulit .inl
none of the routine precautions dictated lv
ffliclent mine '.as enulil hne lieen depeuili'd
en te prevent it. Sucli tilings Will happen
Respite nnythlnc that men cm de.
Thoae who work in n coal mine of unr
censidernhlc depth nre nlmest nlva nwnre
of the ilKtant menace of great hedie of
explosive sas tlmt may be s-lilfted suddenly
in their direction by the unexpected fall of
large qunnlltlcs of earth or ual in unu-ed
or nhandened area" OmMant iiiiillci.il
ventilation is inrear te lite sifety tif
life in coal miiir". The '.plosien .it
Spanslcr ih"-treed p.ut of the . ntil.i'i'u'
fytem. It Is pos,Ible. theiefeie. that tlie.e
meni; the dead who weie net int.niih
killed were asphyxiated.
LINCOLN BELONGS TO ALL
frilE commander of the United t'onfed t'enfed
JL crate Veterans of Missouri undoubtedly
expressed the true opinion of the Seuth re
gaiJllnB Lincoln when he said at thnr
ntt-tlng In Kansas City that "we want the
,Terltl te knew that the majority t tie
Confederate eterans believe that I.lnie.n
sns one of the greatest and neble-t Ameii
rails that ever lived. We think that the
retfllt criticism of LlneMn is unfeuntietl
hd foolish."
These remarks were made In response te
,th charge that Lincoln was responsible for
Ftartlng the Civil War. There are still a
fey men anil women in the Seuth who ire
unable te perceive the bigness of one of the
greatest American- bem en this continent
tinhe 14.)-. but they are iu the mii.iII
xmlaerltv. Kver since hi- trasic taking oil
l.iuceln lins been growing in popular appre
ciation, net only at home but abroad, lie
Is recognized a- the prophet of democracy
and freedom In whatever part of the world
men dream of stub thins-. The petty tit
tanks en him heie de net mean nn thins
" n'e that the attackers are unable te iomi; iemi;
nizc greatness when they see it. '' ,,
lu-U that the attempt- te belittle him -heiihl
lie 'resented.
QUERY
VELI.OWLlftY. new
-- n
director of
H. 1 i.n.iiinn iii "v Yerk, who h.is
just been carried Inte eilice en a tine ei
caudal that wa-I.ed out hi- I'r;ill";,f,r'
echoed n sentiment familiar te Philadelphia
Then he said thnt he intended te go haul
after "the alien bootlegger."
New, the alien bootlegger is a ve-y "-ickeil
Hereen and an extremely dangoreu- one te
deal with. IU- dilef stock in trade .- weed
alcohol, nut prohibition enforcement el.i-
rers nren't appointed te -upervi-e me mme.
ground liquor trade or te cen-er
iinrantee the uualltj of liquet-
it or te
illlcitlv
sended.
The reasons for persistent official dis
crimination between alien and native boot beot boet
Jegfcers is net clear te a reasonable mind.
Why should an Ignorant and unlettered for
eigner be expected te dl-p'ny a gienter ie
iipect for the laws of the land than the
native Americans who are e-vial'y peisMtur
Tlojaters of the Vel-tead aV
: WILLIAM THE PUPPET
-.. . ,. ..
6
I1R HASH. TUI.UM), or eetinnu
if Vnni. is iiutheritv for the story that
"William II of Germany was bullied into
IssJilnR the order for the advance of tlie
linpcrinl troops into Belgium. In 1014. The
tali-, expeunde in detail, is quite credible.
Ven Moltke, it appears, was n perfect
4.,it,..r if net an Ideal military commander.
'I'lfe Kaiser's refusal te sanction the viola
- ticiit of Belgium neutrality was met by a
visit te the Imperial nparnnenis m m- i
hears of the morning. "If Your Maje-ty
rettses te sign." tliundereu me geierni.--.he
"the general staff must take the
responsibility." This ultimatum was of
course, equivalent te a threat of military
rctolutlen.
i'hus nt the very outset of the war
William of Ilohcnrellcrn became a tigun-
lieid a spectacular but ilelustve nnt.ei.il
i ,lc?' t " p' .... ., el.., i ,i,.
mfiilel. iee huo-cciu.ei H. -...I i ..i ....
!" "war lord" amply eenfirnis the spirit m
8$ Bnsll'b iinrrMive. I
I.Ike the majority ei inuiiiircu-. uu oiec- i
iX.'t their etewns. tlie last German Bmpeier
WS -.;. iinnclekNly weak, vain: in effect,
kpurleus. Bonaparte had nt least the tragic
Vlery of fnlllns by his own bold excesses.
The present rather ridiculous hrldegioem at
XWern Is denied even that consolation.
! GOOD BEGETS GOOD
nil IE iieiilgn contagion of progress 11 -
I' covernble 'n the experimenting of the
pelnnsylvnnia Rallnuul with gn-oline-drlien
i -.. ..nrs for rail 'ervlce. One of
Hi these meter coaches, i which three hae
keen purennscu nun I14U iu ui- uviivi-n-ii
'within the next two months, will be used
3 it... nnstlktnn branch, ceiinectlne with
um .. -- - -
New Yerk division unci,- at iioimcs iieimcs
1, Janet Ien.
'requires no speclnl persplenelty te note
t an attempt Is being made te meet the
petition of tne iiusucien stirrace line
1 eDened. Fer generations a tranquil
tra-murnl" town, furnishing a mere or
steady supply et comic innucr 10 nuegeu
rlsts. has been absurdly inaccessible,
far as regular transportation is con-
It lias Dcen 11111c.11 easier, en tue
.. Ult K-111 Yerk nr A Hunt In flt
JNetleten.
1 Traunra eievateu ana tne new six-
HfHtf THUW" 1UTO in
r
ne-. .jy-f fs.a r-ft4 jii V.
completely altered this condition. An Imme
diate result is the effort te replace the joke
I rain service en the Hustleten spur with
suitable facilities.
PieitrcKN grows by what It feeds en.
Without the Frnnkfenl line ntul Its trans
fer tributaries Himtletmi would very pos
sibly have lemntned in isolation.
.Moreover, the chanse in its status Is by
no nu'iiiis parochial. The employment of
motorcars en railways is In its Infancy. If
fiiecesi attends the Pennsylvania Railroad's
present efforts, local tiathc en a number of
lines inn assume new nspects.
It Is worth recalling also that the ltcntllns
bns lately been inquiring into the mine sub
ject with gaseline-drlveii conches suggested
for tibe en (he (.tcrniantewii division.
THE ISSUES INVOLVED
IN THE STATE ELECTIONS
In Addition te the Usual Contest Be
tween the Parties There Arc Struggles
Between Radicals and Conservatives
and Wets and Drys
llHII.i: the jury is busily engaged In
"" lindlng lis verdict today, prophecy
about what it will he en the doubtful
points i futile. The result will he known
tomorrow morning after the etes have
been counted.
It may be worth while te leek ever the
field te discover where the result Is In
doubt iu order that we may be prepared te
rend the news tomorrow with an intelli
gent appreciation of its significance.
The situation in New Jersey is under
stood pretty well In this pnrt of the
etintrj. While there are ether 1-sues in-le'w-d,
Hovernor IMwatds is running for
the Senate against .Mr. rrellrigluiiii en a
"wet" platform Senater Frellnghti.isen
has accepted the Issue and litis said that
there is no hope of changing the Velstead
act. The election of Edwards will mean
that the eters of New Jersey wish te have
the act changed.
In Delaware the Issue in the senatorial
contest is between the control of the State
by the du I'ent resources behind the Re
publican side and the political potency of
I the llnjard family tradition for the
Diniecrats. Three members of the I'nynrd
f.nnllj hae ahead, s.it in the Senate and
the c.Teir Is te elect Themas I IS.ijard te
-ucceed T Celeman du I'ent , the In
i iimheiit. a- the fourth
In Mar land, another State contiguous te
IVnnsvlvanl.i, the Republican Senater.
Trance, Is running for re-election against
William (.'. Itnice, Democrat. Mr. Rruce
is n conservative. Mr. .Prance Is n radical,
who has been in sympathy with the radicals
In ether parts of the world. lie has been
'pending large sums of money in hi- cam
I algn. If Marjland i- rndlcnl it will return
i mi te the Senate. If It i- conservative it
will dec t Mr. ISruce.
In Ohie Senater 1'emcrene Is opposed by
IJepre-t illative Kess. The Democrats have
been Insi-ting that If Mr. Pemcrnn is re
elected it will mean that the State has con
demned President Harding and that Mr.
1'enierenc will be in the running for the
ner pre-idcntlal nomination with the record
behind Mm of carrying Ohie when one of
Its own -mis was In the White Heuse. It
i easy te exaggerate the significance of the
defeat of the candidate of his pari In the
I enie State of the President, and it i- espe
cially cay this j car where the eters hate
te ehoee between Fess and Pomerene.
The conditions in New Yerk are surh as
te siijg.iet thnt the Ohie Democrats would
be prudent te restrain their enthusiasm
ted.iv. There are two men running for the
governorship whose friends nre looking two
j ears ahead, t'lowrner Miller has made an
excellent record; se poed, in fact, thnt his
name has nlreadj been mentioned In connec
tion with the presidency. Fermer Gover Gover
eor .Smith, who Is opposing him, likewise
made a geed record. If he can carry New
Yerk thi- ear Democrats believe It might
-wing the Stare back Inte the Democratic
column In IH'Jl.
The re-election of Senater Calder In New
Ynik Is expected, hut it Is possible that Dr.
Copeland may defeaf him. If there should
be thn landslide for Smith that his ft lends
expect, Cnuler may be snowed under.
In Miinelnisetts the Gasten barrel is net
expected te reduce the majority for Senater
Ledge. Yet expectations am sometimes un
justified. The vote for I.odge will he studied
by all thee interested in discovering the
state of New England opinion en the ceur
of the bitterest opponent of Woodrew
Wilsen, the opponent who levi the fight
against the ratification of th Versailles
Treaty and the entrance of the United
States Inte the League of Nations.
The sltuntlen In the States west of Ohto
shows some pnlnt of unusiinl Interest. The
election of I.everidge te th Senate from
Indiana Is forecast bv the political ob
servers, notwithstanding th lakewnrmncss
of Senater New, whom he defeated at the
primaries, and Senater Watsen, who has
presidential ambitions of his own. If Bev Bev
erldge wins under rhe circumstances he will
have te be reckoned with In 1024.
The senatorial candidacy of Lvnn J,
Trnier, deposed Governer of North Dakota,
marks the high-water mark of radicalism
thl year. He wns nominated by the Non
partisan League Republicans and defeated
Senater McCumber In the pilmarles. He
js oppe-ed by a Democratic candidate who
ha- the indersement et tne Anti-i.ea-.ne ne
publicans. He has been nn advocate of all
-eris of paternalism In government. Scnnter
I a Toilette has been campaigning for him
In the hope that he can Increase, the number
of radicals in the Senate. The vote for
him will Indicate the strength of the radicals
In the Nerthwet.
Representative Mendell Is running for the
Senate in Wyoming against Senater
Kendrtek. Democrat. Mendell Is new the
Ri'publlern fleer leader In the Heuse of
i.,rceiitatlp. Kendrlek has been the
spokesman of the cattle rnlers in the
Senate. Ills ic-dectlen wl'l mean that the
cattle Lin-;- arc satisfied with what he has
done for them. ,.,,, ,u
In Texus the Issue Is Joined between the
Ku Klu'x Khin nnd its opponents. There
nrc two candidates for the Senate, betli
Democrats. Maj field wbh neminnted by the
Ku Klux vote at the primaries. Peddy, his
opponent, 'vas nominated by the Republi
cans and by the Dcmoewits who object te
the Injection of the Ku Klux metheda into
the politics of the State. There have been
legal complications about the regularity of
the nominations and an attempt te keep the
name of each from the printed ballets. But
the tetcrs are expected te find a way te
mress their choice
In addition te the
the rfn
anent contest be
I twees the Bnu
ad the Democrats
ft.ftV.U.V
SttALiAieife
,-. Mill.. BUW ''-' --r TT- ..... I .,V, . .... , ....... iB,,s..VftHBBBBBBBMaBBiffliy
'
EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-
today there li a contest between radicalism
and conservatism In several States. In
some rases the radicals are Republicans and
in ether rases they are Democrats. There
Is also a contest between the "wets" and
the "drys," a contest which cuts across
party lines. The politicians who trim their
sails te the shifting brcci.es will shape their
future course according te the Indicated
drift of public sentiment today.
THE "WET" NAVY
IV A vast and various fleet of ships under
foreign colors were concentrated in sight
of tlie American coast line and engaged in
maneuvers carefully planned te smuggle
unlimited quantities of furs or diamonds or
opium into the 1'nltcd Stntes there would
be an uproar between the State Department
nnd the embassies and an indignant and
swift resort en the Government's pnrt te
direct diplomatic and legal notion. Wash
ington nnd, Indeed, the people of the coun
try, would properly feel insulted nnd
humiliated. There would be a general per
vading ncnsp of a world getting gradually
mere' lawless.
Smuggling and the attendant spirit of
piracy were supposed te have gene fouler
from (he face of civilized waters. Yet we
find the Treasury Department and these of
its depiirtinents that are supposed te enforce
the liquor lawn seemingly baffled nnd
helpless Jn the presence of the ihl-ky fleets
that new me tliitk along the Atlantic coast
line.
The whisky skippers and tlie traders of
tlie British West Indies nnd their asso
ciates In this country mnkc no effort te
conceal thb nature of their business. They
de everything but advertise it In the news
papers. Ter se long ns their ships lemaln
nn the deep-water side of the three-mile
line they me bejeud Interference from any
.i'i net
let- nny
mere n
,of the established authorities of our own
ether count r. They me making i
mencv than thev would have made if c
they had struck oil. And thev say that
they will go en doing business until a way
is found te slop them.
New, a way te step them should net be se
difficult te find ns some people suppose.
Any person, nntlve or foreign born, who is
found conspiring te frustrate a Federal law
is liable te prosecution and a term in a
Federal penitentiary. Liquor smuggling Is
no longer a casual business It is a highly
organized and heavily capitalized industry.
Me-t of the whisky shipped neith from
the llahamas is purchased by agreement In
this (euntry before It i- put ahe.ud tin!
carrying vessel. Agent- of the Treasui.v
Department have found that at least half of
the money invested in liquor 1 argue- is
American. They have found, tee. that most
of the bu-iness Is directed from New Yerk,
where what is perhaps the largest smuggling
syndicate ever organized has its financial
Leadquartcrs.
Thus far the Government has been
endeavoring te check the smugglers by the
old nnd time-honored method of oeast
patrols nnd scout vessels. Rut it stands te
un-en that If a better wa.v is net found,
nnd If nil the coves, beaches and Inlets tue
te he constantly survejed for the power
beats thnt de me-senger work between
whisky ships nnd the land. Congress will
hnve te appropriate hundreds of millions te
build n new nn3 nevil nnvy of small ves
sels and provide for its personnel.
The Government isn't likely te nk for
anv such appropriation. What it can de
and what it ought te de i- te concentrate
its police forces en land for nn as-ault en
the nerve centers of the smuggler's bund.
If n few of the financiers of the overseas
bootlegging business were clapped into
penitentiaries ether promoters might hesi
tate before going into the bu-lnes of back
ing whi-ky ship-.
Most of the trouble with Velstendkm
aside from such defects as may exist in the
principle or letter of the net is due te the
disposition of manv ethVia'.s te view It
failures with complacent y.
There is supposed te be something funny
about a let of laughing skippers playing
cnntonintueuslv with a v'eneral law of the
United States. Rut they aren't in the least j
funtiv. Thev are a challenge te the dignity I
of the Government 1 f the United States and
fe the national self-respect of Americans.
.nd these 100 per cent American citizens
who are the financial paitners or actual
promoters of the smuggling trade ought te
be made te realize thi-, and made te reallre
it nt once.
Since there Is no law te limit the trans
portation of whisk v en the high sr.is the
British Government is without power te
check booze shipments from the Bahamas.
A -hip has a right te take en any cargo nt
rnv pert in times of pence. The skipper
leading up with whisky in the West Indies
may merely wiy "'at he Is going te Halifax
or Nerwnv or the North Pele. Challenged
anywhere "beyond the three-mile line, he
need mnke no explanations te anybody. A
few dlstrncted submarine chasers scurrying
about in shallow wntcr will be helpless
against him.
But If the Treasury Department will go
nbeut the business of enforcement Ferieusly
nnd raid a few New Yerk office building
the rum skippers, lacking their pay and
financial support, may before long b?:ln te
seem genuinely funnj
A STRONGHOLD FALLS
IT USED te seem te n great many people
thnt when there was a lady President
of the united Mates wun n uinimne ma
jority in the Senate and when women cap
tnins of industrv were running the world
one unconquerable stronghold, one place of
refuge would still remain for the man eager
te keep sllve the delusion of splendid and
superior isolation. That was the smoking
car.
The smoking enr never seemed attractive
te women. There was something se mas
culine in Its ntmosphere that it seemed
te repel the gentler and mere sensitive
patrons of railroads. Women used te say
,im. It smelled worse than the locomotive.
In its linrd-lenther interior the masculine
v, could ixpnnil fretlv and stie'ch itwlf.
Thing" better left unsaid could be said with
out hesitation. Smoking-car stories , mild
be told. Heie was one part of tlie drilicd
weild in which man still held absolute sway
nnd fenred nothing. It wasn't much. But
it was all that remained of a former world.
"There is no law or rule te keep women
nut of smoking cars," said a mluer official
et the Reading Railway Company yesterday,
"and If women wish te smoke In the
smokers no one will inteifere with them!"
He implied that the railroad corporation has
neither the legal authority nor the disposi
tion te question the right of n patron te
smoke.
Anether masculine stronghold, almost the
last, hii'i gene down without even n cra-h.
A Cincinnati man has
Ierliaps He'll been awnrded damages
Get the Meney in a breach-of-premise
suit. He asked for
S10.000 and was awarded $1500, That the
jury should have awnrded him nnytlilng nt
nil shows that times hnve changed, and thnt
women have acquired lospenslbilitios und
penalties with their rights. But we are
saving our excitement for the duy when a
roan is awnrded alimony in a divorce suit.
New Yerker told the .Tudije thnt ever
since he was hit en the bend with an
alarm clock he has mania for stealing alarm
clocks every time ne gets a arms, new
fortunate it is that nobody Jrer hit him
1
we4wsji
4 v".
PHILADELPHIA, TUEgDAY. NOVEMBER ,7
OUR NATURE LOVERS
They Are the 700 Members of the
Horticultural Society Memories of
Jehn Bartram Humphrey Mar
shall the Firat Botanical Auther
Ily (1EORGE NOX McCAIN
THERE is an organization, the tlrst of
its kind In the United States, that Is
celebrating its ninety-fifth anniversary to
day. It Is an organization devoted te the cul
tivation of the beautiful. ,
It isn't highbrow, in the sense of cult;
it's of the earth earthy. , . ,
When I Btnte that Its anniversary Is being
observed amid banked messes of color, rare
beauties of earth anil odors that rival the
"gales of A ruby the blest," I am net over
stating the facts.
if any person whose eves scan these lines
is given te doubt, let htm or-her go down
te tliu Academy of MukIc today or tomorrow
or Thursday and prove It.
Mere than that; you'll be invited te pais
judgment ns te the character of the beauty
that will be spread out before you.
It's the annual autumn exhibition of the
Pennsylvania Horticultural Society.
Founded nenrly n century age, In the
words of a once popular advertisement, "It
is still going strong."
ROBERT C. WRIGHT. Sidney XV. Keith,
James Boyd. C. K. C. Stout, J. Heren
Cresman. Jr.. Jehn Williams. Mrs. Horatio
Gates Lloyd. Mrs. William T. Elliett, David
Rust and William Klelnhclnz are the resid
uary legatees of the original group that
protected the society.
They arp the Committee en Exhibition
this fall.
Jehn Boyd. David Rust and Sidney W.
Keith nre, respectively, president, secretary
and treasurer of the society.
The story of lis origin is se prosaic that
it is nlmest oinmnnnliiee: thnt is. in the
fine of the great weik that has since been
acietnpllslietl.
une reason way i snail regret te see me
Franklin Institute move te the Parkway is
because It cannot curry with it the old
building und its memories of a wonderful
past.
Associated with that past is the modest
beginning of the Horticultural Society of
Pennsylvania.
Despite its name it Is a distinctly Phila
delphia institution.
ON NOVEMBER 20, 1827. the following
notice appeared in the Philadelphia
newspapers :
"These persons de-iietis te form n Horti
cultural Society are icquesied le meet at the
Franklin Institute, Seuth Seventh street, en
Saturday next nt 12 o'clock precisely."
Ten prominent l'hilndelphians of that day
signed the call.
Frem this Saturday afternoon's meeting
the Horticultural Society of Pennsylvania
leeks back upon nlnety-five jears of a
worthy existence.
Seme of the exhibitors whose beauties of
field, conseivntery and garden are en view
today in the Academy of .Music are descend
ants of the original exhibitors at the first
flower show, nearly a century age.
1'ntlnggiiig zeal litis marUd its years of
exi-tence.
It hns, ycai In nnd enr out, disseminated
knowledge and promoted enthusiasm en
horticultural subjects among both amateur
and professional growers.
New varieties of fruits, vegetables and
flowers have by it been placed in our
markets.
By n system, of wh.jh Jehn Bartram,
perhaps, was the first great exponent, there
lias giDwn up 1111 interchange of seeds, plants
and M'iens with foreign and American or
ganizations that has kept Philadelphia
abreast with every new discovery in hortl hertl
cultuie. The society 1ms 700 members.
They are drawn from the city ana the
Main Line, from Jenkintevvn, Germantevvn
and ether districts, from Glen Riddle nnd
ether sections wheie great conservato
ries welcome the sunlight, nnd vast estates
blaze with the splendor of nature's choicest
blooms.
IT WAS natural that the first horticul
tural society in the Western World should
be located in Philadelphia.
The culture of fruits and vegetables wns
of first importance te our forefathers.
It followed en the hetds of the fisheries;
the raising of cattle and sheep.
Germtintevvn early became noted for Its
flower gardens.
Jehn Kelpius nnd his followers were the
earliest te construct (lower gardens.
At Hetmits Glen they had n garden for
the study of flowers.
Dr. Christopher Witt early applied himself-eo
their study, for Pnsterlus in 1711
wrote of him :
"Christopher Witt removed his flower
beds close te my fence."
li was Pnsterlus who, twenty-seven
vears b fore while laying out Gormmitewn,
wrote te his parents thnt he saw a wild
grape vine that had 400 bum lies of grapes
hanging upon it.
.lames Legan had a box-berdred garden
nt Stcnten, nnd the widow Deshler and
IHrck Kevser had well-known and beautiful
flower beds hidden behind box hedges.
it was members of thr Horticultural So
ciety who produced the first melons, sweet
potatoes, Chinese roses, dahlias, rhoden rheden rhoden
drens nnd white Muscat and grien province
varieties of grapes in this section.
The society used te held its exhibitions in
n tent in Penn Square wheie City Hall new
stands.
T WONDER If any of the 700 members of
the Horticultural Society have a per
sonal knowledge of Humphrey .Marshall's
His is a name that should be remembered
with gratitude by every lever of nature
nnd flowers.
Jehn Bartrnm has been Immortalized
through his Philadelphia garden.
Humphrey Marshall wns a relative of
Jehn Bartram.
He wrote the first book nbeut American
trees, and 1(10 years nge his little place
ne.ir West Chester was the wonder of the
neighborhood. ,.,,.
Marshall's home was at Marshallton, a
posteffice long since discontinued.
Until thirty years nge there were at
least the ruins of the beautiful old place.
Inte nn acre and n half of which were
crowded some of the finest upeelmens of trees
nnd flowers en this continent.
Anit A II AM MARSHALL, Humphrey's
father, was an Englishman from Lin
colnshire who emigrated te America in 1ti!7.
He settled near Darby and married .M(,rv
Hunt of Kingsesslng, the name new pi?',
served in a well-known West Philadelphia
avenue. ... u n
Mary Hunt, the mother of Humphrey
Marshall, was the sister of Lllrsbeth Hunt,
who was the mother of Jehn Bartram.
It is rather remarkable that the two great
est botanists of the new world were first
cousins, the sons of sisters and both natives
of Chester County.
Mnrshnll was a lever of nature, as all
t leiriiciilturistH are.
He was born in West Bradford. October
10 1722. He never went te school after lie
was twelve vears of age.
It was net till he was in mntuie manhood
that he begnn his famous arboretum.
Twenty years later he prepared his ac
count of the forest trees and shrubs efthis
CftThlsywns published In 1785 with the title
of "Arbustum Amerleanum,"er the "Amer
lean Greve."
lean
-rT A
WAS an alphnbetlcnl catalogue of native
1 trees nnd shrubs arranged according te the
svstem et l.innneuii, leriiniiK u oueuecimo
volume of nearly two hundred pages.
Authorities say that it was the first work
ever published by an American en nny
branch of botany.
Humphrey Marshall was a Qimker.
Like Jehn Bartram and Frederick Jaekel,
of whom I wrote last Saturday, he was a
half century In. advance el r lilts 'time.
He was twlcruiarrled but had no children,
Death cuusiea bus ea stmmei v, evi
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NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Knew Best
DR. FLORENCE MEREDITH
On Every-Day Accident Prevention
PHYSICAL awkwardness Is one of the
principal causes of accidents In every
day life, and the best remedy against this
condition is skill In the use of the muscles,
nccerdlng te Dr. Florence .Meredith, pro
fessor of preventive medicine nt the
Weman's Medicnl College.
"Accidents come high up en the list of
denlh nnd disability," said Dr. Meredith.
"Our use of the term seems le imply that
we consider an accident ns nn net of Ged
which cannot be prevented. Yet injury by
accident Is one of the most preventable
of nil things.
"It is net enough merely te be careful.
All adults try te de this and te teach chil
dren te de it. yet accidents occur just the
same. In this and ether respects we need
net only general care, but Intelligent, specllie
enre against certain dangers as well ns pro pre
visions of law te protect these who arc in
capable of protecting themselves. Ibis last
includes childien. these engaged In condi
tions bejend their control mid, of course,
the large number of the naturally foolish and
heedless.
Where Most Accidents Occur
"Fnlls lend the lit of accidents te both
men nnd women, and mere accidents occur
out of doers in public places than an.v
wheie else. Industry comes second, and
the home, wheie we consider ourselves
safest, shows a large share of the accidents
of the country.
"In avoiding most kinds of nccldcnts,
trained muscles are of the greatest ad
vantage.. Skill in the use of the muscles
Is the best means of accident prevention,
net even second te the use of common sense.
"Generally speaking, It seems us if in
this respect we all belong te the nwkwaid
squad. Just consider for a moment what
a person sees every day en the streets with
regard te the apparently natural avvkvvaid
ness of the hummi animal. Persons totter
and stngger around en the streets, seldom
in complete control of their muscular facul
ties thev trip ever small objects and fall
dewn: tiiev cannot bnlance themselves en
the Ice; they lurch off the pavements in
front of approaching automobiles; the.v
nrecinltate themselves from the street cars
n nllghtlng; the.v stub their iecs in drag
King or hurling themselves Inte a car or
even ever the curbstone; they bumr, into
ether persons or knock their eyes with urn
bicllas or their mIiIiih with bundles; no boy
seems able te ride n blejole without pulling
it ever en himself at one of the cruclnl
moments of street traffic.
Training the Musrles
"It does net require any especial light
ness of feet or grnce of movement te pre
vent these accidents; nothing mete is de
manded (ban n rciiseiiiiuie c.in.i..i -e m.
muscular faculties, such as unihedj could
attuln, but that he few persons seem te
hnve A geed dnnccr, for example, rarely
trips' or fnlls, becnuse the muscles are under
control and respond instantly nnd unbidden
te prevent such mishaps,
Tii sense of embarrassment we feel
In falling In the street is a right In
stinct; we should Indeed he ashamed te lie
unable te move around with no mere cer
tainty nnd poise nnd grace than a year-old
baby or a man of ninety. But, unfortu
nately, we de net feel the same embarrass
ment in ether accidents that we feel when
we find ourselves prostrate in tlie street.
V man tells qultn brazenly about hew- he
cut himself while shaving or ti woman about
burning herself en the kitchen stove, mid
vet Ihere Ih no mere excuse for lliesu acci
dents than for the ethers,
"Most persons, if they handle edged
tools, will cut themselves, or if they use
things which are pointed, they will etab
themselves; if they have machinery with
reviving wheels, tfiey will catch their fin
Iters in them, and It they are handling
heavy things, they will allow them te drop
011 themselves.
All Due te Same Cause
"The number of cuts and bruises nnd
nuncturcd wounds and jammed fingers nnd
tees 1" ' M industrial plant in the
course of a year Is almost Incredibly large.
These accidents occur usually nt two par
ticular times of the day, In the morning
at beginning, before the customary skill
1ms come, and at the doss of the day when
fatigue, nniaaenawar.
Ut manyywuwM in "v ---
BttSMti s " vwe - --.
m. m a
-viLi - ' -- ? .
1PZZ
cannot be relied upon nt any time during
tin' dny te exercise the necessary muscle
skill te pi event entirely unnecessary acci
dents. Any accident Is serious, net nec
essarily because of the nature of the thing
itself, hut because each breaking of the skin
has always the possibility of infection, result
ing in bleed poisoning. It is no .uncommon
tiling te rend that a slight accident has re
sulted in less of iife due te this eatisc.
Ne Necessity for These Accidents
"But the sad part et It all Is that these
accidents are se unnecessary. I believe
that in ninety-n:ne cases out of every hun
dred it is due te a lack of skill unci judg
ment which it is in the power of the hum
blest citizen t acquire. We should he
proud of the piecislen with which we make
every movement of the body. Grace that
Is sloppy rilaxatien is net grace at all;
renl grace Is the deft, accurate, poised con
trol of each nnd every muscle action.
"Sometimes peer vision Is responsible
for awkwardness nnd no nccuraey is te be
expected from a person when objects tire
blurred or dance before his eyes. The
first essential te ovoid accidents is le see
that (he e.veslght is geed nnd that the
muscles nie trained te de Instantly what
they are nsked te de. .V person who does
net see well is very apt te miscalculate, as
is also one who doe- net co-ordinate well
thn various motions he makes, or the one
definitely lncking muscle power,
"The wenk or unsteady person may be
n sift, person, but It Is often merely lack of
phjslcnl training; and this, It will be teuud.
will de much toward the attainment of
geed muscle control, both as regards
strength, iteedlness and poise.
Women's Dress and Accidents
"In the en se et women, their manner
of dress linn much te de with the likeli
hood of accidents. Fer one thing, high
heels are lesponslble for many accidents,
as they are apt te catch en small objects
and trip their wearers. Weak ankles are
usually te be found where high heels are
worn, and such ankles will turn ever and
cause sprains, jf nothing mere serious.
"Seener or later, the wearer of high
heels is sure te discover the possibilities
of accident which lurk In shoes of this
character. The girl in high heels Is bal
anced about ns reliably find Is obeut ns
sure en her feet as a jointed French dell.
"Skirts have been rnther less hampering
for the past few ycf.rs, which Is n geed
thing. Frem the standpoint of accident
prevention, the bhertcr the skirt is the
better, nltlieueh a feet from Hie around
ought te be safe enough for even the most
cautleuH girl. It will lie readily scen thnt
e woman who slips or trips has no possible
elinnce te regain her footing without a fall
If she Is clad in a long and even moder
ately tight skirt.
"I hope that women will net let them
selves be scolded or led by the dictates of
foreign fashions into giving up this freedom
of nttlrn tee completely. If we must have
extremes, no Wuy or the ether, the too toe tee
short skirt is better than the tee long one,
nt least from the health point of view.7'
It probably gnlls Wilhelm te realise
that if he hadn't spilled the beans he could
get hunk en the Socialists who are holding
up bis glfMe ids bride.
THE HOPTOAD
Whereas the Agricultural Department
Has declared with much solemnity nnd vim
I lint the hoptead is u blessing,
Ne nre enrnest in confessing
ve hnve had sumo notions wrong ion.
corning him,
The ruling of the experts new Informs us
lhnt the hoptead lives en beetles, bugs
nnd grubs
And no dereliction pardons
In greenhouses, fields nnd gardens
On the pnrt of Insect criminals, peer dubs.
And best of nil (as golf fans seem te see It)
Gelf courses are kept trim iih trim can be
hen tlie hoptead, gent In fegle,
Stints in ilium win, Colunel Begle
And leineu'N the creeping irawleis fiem
his tec.
Se apologies we're making te tlie hoptead.
We'd drink his health .(If possible) In
euaits, J ' "
Hes a hustling Insect rhnrmcr
And 11 blessing te the farmer
As well as boyhood's upeclelistiln warts,
X'
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OVVM
SHORT CUTS
Turkey may get that licking after all.
New, aren't you sorry you didn't reg
ister? Politics Is almost as exciting as feet
ball, isn't it?
Lloyd Geerge doesn't give Benar Law
much of a chance nt the spotlight.
Perhaps one reason Japan get out et
Siberia was te confound her critics.'
Among the failures worth while may be
included the non-step airplane flight across
the continent.
The ivy placed en the late Knlserin's
grave probably symbolized poison ivy for
her successor.
"The Kaiser must be brought te trial,"
said the Allies long nge. "Leave him te
me, said Judge Hymen.
Demonstration at his wedding seems te
indicate that the ex -Kaiser couldn't carry
his own precinct In Deem.
Even in these dry days. Hennessy, said
Demosthenes McGinnls, the pnragrr.pher
need never lack
."Let me have Mr. Leng." said the man
at the telephone. "Leng. Ne, net Wrong!
Leng! L, ns in Frankford."
Sousa celebrated his sixty-eighth birth
day with a popular concert. One march he
doesn't deem popular is the Mareli of Time.
That we have, money (e burn seems te
be proved by a recent estimate that out of
every $4 spent en construction one is de
stroyed by fire.
Nicholas Murray Butler says It pleases
him te henr n man called a friend of ths
interests, becnuse it proves he Is net a
demagogue. By (he same rule, it ought te
please him fe hear n man called a thug,
because it proves he Is net a mollycoddle.
What De Yeu Kneu
QUIZ
1. When was the first permanent radio In
stallatien mnde en a seagoing pas
senger vessel?
2. What Is a Hellenist?
3. What Is the origin of the word hammock
4. Who wns thn second Emperor of modern
Uerm.my? ...
B. What is meant by "flair"?
s. What Is the recensien of a book?
T. Who was Eugene Scribe?
8. With what Is a pastel drawn?
I?: w!:at7.,.o,tt:?0ei,,, K,n--of ""
Answers te Yesterday's Quia
1. (leergla Is the "Cracker State."
2. Edward Ngyes Westcott wrote the story.
"David llaium."
3. CrlngleB In nautical parlance are eyes of
repe containing ihlmbies for ether
ropes te pass threiiKh.
Tn?. ,A,,.n,lrabl2 ''rlehten was James
( rlohten, a Scotchman, famous for his
versatility nnd universal accomplish accemplish
nients. According te a popular account,
he. "ran, through the whole circle et
sciences' before his twentieth year.
wan muster of ten languages and had
perfected himself in every knightly
accomplishment. He was handsome In
appearance and was a notable swords
man. He was associated with Aldus
Mniintlus, tlie celebrated Venetian
publisher, and died in Italy at about
the age of twenty-five In 1186.
6, The Emancipation Proclamation wee Is
sued en January 1, 1863.
t. The invention of the harmonica was so se
credited le Benjamin Franklin. This
lustiument censtated of u series of
KitisaiKi, each one In the shape of a cup
or hulf Klebe, belng put Inte a revolv
ing, motion en Its center, while the
moistened rim ves touched by the
linger. '
7. The word crinoline comes through the
rrs?ap0nCr,,Teaira a ln
nnd took a prominent part In the unlfl unlfl
catien of modern Italy. Ha served
twice ns Prcm or. was a strenr ndve.
?;,iaXi,U,?. T,r,11"9 AlllanBcBr0aRd0 was
fe. r,! ,i,' V.10, "finest statesman
1 1 i ,., i" ,ut lc"? n,a.5' s:u'a l0 "ie Unlte.1
Mui; Kim in Ui-j jitter part nf the nine-
. ,. etnth century. Ha ditU Iu 1801.
' Der.,C.ush ai rcn.ch w,?rU' imported Inte
hri Vn i.1 erlB "ally ,r'caM ( ''-'a
break-up In u river or in the polar
con."?',. """Mvely the word' has
v2?if.i ,0 mc7n ,l rel,t- stampede, is
. a mi veresul of fortune, confused rush.
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