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evening Public -ledger-Philadelphia, Wednesday, September 20, 1922
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BLUE-EYED GIANTS OF BAY FIGHT IVIND
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VZ) F ZA7 QUEST OF THE DOCILE 0 YSTEm
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Boatmen of Seuth Jersey a Distinctive Type, Honest and Industrious Town
Constable With One Arrest in Twelve Years Might Have
Stepped Frem Pages of a Barrie Masterpiece
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"0 Oysters, come and walk with ub!"
Tbe Walrus did beseech.
"A pleasant walk, a pleasant talk,
Along the briny beach ;
We cannot de with mere than four,
Te gire a hand te each." '
The eldest Oyster looked at him,
But never a word he said ;
The eldest Oyster winked his eye,
And ulioek Ills heavy head
Meaning te say he did net cheese
Te leave the oyster bed.
nut four young eyBters hurried up,
i All eager for the treat ;
Their coats were brushed, their faces wushed,
z Their shoes were clean and neat
And this was odd, because, you knew,
, They hadn't any feet.
HAIL te the oyster!
Subject for gourmands, poets and captains of industry, the docile bivalve
has yet te be sung as the symbol and the foundation for a model community and
c!vlc virtue.
' And yet, a Httle way up the devious Maurice River, toward Millvillc, N. J.,
jtands Bivalve, a few scattered huts and the heart of the greatest eystering
center of the country.
Felks hear of the quaintness that grows about the life of simple natives
whose let in life is the care of earthy things like sheep or flowers. Felks nave
ignored tee long the picturesque life of the eystcrman.
He is as striking as the canniest, dourest native of Barrie's ThruniR. He is
as strong as an ex, though he wrestles only with the gentle oyster; he is as
peaceable as Wcarywarld, the town constable of Thrums; he is as law abiding I
as tne liuic iruniBier nimscu.
tvuuu tuuiu in ui awiai iuv ui luu vyaitvi nun ui vuiiiuui initu uuiiiy J
mainly m I'ert Nerns alter sun
down, or Middletown, but activity
during the day is all at Bivalve or
Uaurice River.
Were if net for the oyster, Bivalve
would net exist. Were it net for the
ejiter, these great bronze men
would be out of jobs. Were it net
for the oyster, the little shanty
homes would be desolated, the strug
gling families ruined.
' Times are "geed" or times arc
"fcad," depending solely en the oys
ter. The oyster at Bivalve is su
preme! Along the wharves of the river are
nnchored sleeps as pretty with their
rigging as any sailing craft afloat.
Net te count Sunday, every day from
ihe 1st of September through freez
ing winter te the end of June, these
'Oatsr"slfp" down Hie river into the
aJf-pcrceptible estuary of the bay
ailed Maurice River Cove; and
ery late afternoon, deck lended
'ith melluscs, they return with their
lied but singing. crews. At certain
urns of the season notably in late
Vteber the larger beats stay out
ernic;ht, returning n the morrow
weighted te' the rails.
Great Reunhened Men
Yet With Gentle Hearts
And the crews of these busy craft
are gaunt, strong men, with hands
knotted like the trunks of oaks, with
faces seamed with the icy winds and
the storms of the waterways. Great,
roughened creatures'; with gentle
hearts loved by their admiring
children, lords of the women of their
besom.
In HIwiIyp. or in Maurice River, ei
In both of these low"n", during feme
part of the day are le be found vir
tiinlly ccry nyrternuin of Sulem
County They stand rarely hhert of Mx
ftft. They arc n distinct genre. Ah
a rule, their eyes nre blue or gray, like
the weather, ind their hair thick
anil fair where the sun has net
turned it.
Their women have n sturdy comeli
ness. Down several generations, the
Industry of eysterlng 1ms been solely In
their hands. Fathers have been oyster
men brfere them, senn will he oyster
wen after them. And the grueling
liimKlirti of their work, the hours upon
hours of henrt-breaklng tell they seem
te thrive upon.
And though thousands of ejstcrs lire
shipped through their hands te pnlntH
everywhere lu the country, they thorn thern
lelvei never eijt them. Ner de tliene
Milers ever go sailing for the pleasure
ei It, any "mere, thftir.ii tolerably geed
barkeeper ever drank for the. pleasure
e' It.
Modern methods of longing ej store nig cuep lands them bj the bushel m deck or oyster beats. Circle
imicrt shows Geerge Bailey, town constable of Biv ahe. N. J., who holds unusual record of one arret in
twche jears
sli-iips tieleilKIll!; In Uie ilver. Thi'XP
sleeps nte limit m:iinl at the sjieeiiil
l'ed llllli1 sIii'i.mihIh along the rher,
nili'-idrirv , like eer,v thing elsi-, te "oy "ey
Iti'illlg." An eflielenl eihlei lie.ll eestH
from smmiii te Sl.'.eilf). .mi! as ninny ,
r liv" of tin in mm belong te a single
nod known In New Jeisej. iheiish '
pir:iij was no llieiioni"nen.
is 'in- reic-nn ler ine ii,'ii-iiiienianc i
.VI msier rimping ma hnve hern 1 1 lj . t i
I hem e Pr Uie suit!
M)ft " of till b.i
of t lie l":'
, until thev
iiiij large poll elew iij . Put n inin li
belter teiiHin wn. the pceiili.irl) inin
pact nntiiie of the e -. i- ee'utmmilv .
Due sl;i.iei knew pi.lctieall.v e en
tiling geed null b-itl tib'Utl the 'll'e of
iinethir. i 'ever for .i erime of this sort
iiim been eutcir.elv (ilihinll
would
It's a carious world. Which ew'ns te
""eh ipiaint places within shndew of
Ihc gates f ,is B,."0 cltlcH.
The e,sternien of Bivalve would be
fonspleiious men an where. Even
JJjIli that weather-beaten background of
wnnrvPH and shacks, tlicfc strong men
nre cniispietieiis and net only the ovh evh
inmei,, lllt t0 ticket agent of Bivalve
ii' the storekeeper and the town i ou
sts Imp,
Geerge Bailey, the town censtnhlc,
nJ. . ", "-electPd every .enr for the
W twehe, li,. Hve mostly In a ram
nnrkie bent that ha manages by some
jnirneiileiiH power te keep a linn t while
ni ?,r,s mt0 '" 'leer little wicker
(,,.. '' stems rather like an nmiiiiii"
ion of seaweed blown momentarily
iiirl ? ."iinpe of ii man. The only
isris of his person untouched by mll
f,l n,re: ''In broken little pipe fits much'
we of his featuicii ns his eyebrow) and
i. '",n',hle,H slur, which he bright
li,! ' ' Polish every morning of his
ir "js one arrest In twelve long years
nntiic,i JJbt ."Pfhig, and It wasn't a
iftiw Hn,"(,l"!y had stolen n pair of
Ihiu fr"m ',l0 storekeeper's elerk and
te &Hwtr.P h,ri M''nB fr UV" d"y"
Village Sherlock Helmes .
"emenatratea Theories
Oyster fleet at rest in Delaware Bay Man in foreground is counting the Imalu-s, at which task many
of the fishermen are adepts
certain man what done It and nethln
could tell me It wn'nt. Well, Mr. I
waited my time and perty seen I saw
this here stranger come down the reed
witn n suitcase, like he wus llxin' te
get out of town.
"Well, sir. I walks up te him nnd
leeks him square In the rye nnd 1 snytt:
" 'See here,' T snjs. 'I swa'n jnu
cot likker In that there grip.' 'Ne. Mr,'
he says. 'That don't prove It.' I wiys.
'Let's have n leek In the bag '
"Well, sir, be bad that grip open
quleker'n wiu'd think and the shues wiih
right in the middle of It.
" '(Jive them up. in the name of the
law.' I sins, anil leek em rnsht bur
te the man they belonged te.' "
Anether Imposing figure Is that of
Captain .T. f (Inrrlsnn. called, accord
ing te Maurice Hlver custom, "Cap'n
Joel," one of the larger shippers.
Whether because of the number of sleeps
that lie owns, or becnuse of his native
dignity, or because he hns charge of nil
ferriage between Maurice River and Bi
valve, he Ih a person of great influence.
His opinion Is respectfully solicited be
fore an.v great matter Is decided. IIIr
views as regards weather here where
weather hns a paramount Importance
are taken its oracular.
Still another le "Cnp'n Ames," or
mere eiplleltly, Captain Ames Pepper,
of towering llgure. and dnrk Impassive
eves. Ills speech is the superlative
of courtly gravity. "Cap'n Ames" Is
the eldest eystcrman of the river and
the only one with u personal recollec
tion ef'the celebrated Centennial gale.
Ills family is one of the eldest of these
cry old families, Dutch folk who
settled there mere than two centuries
age. Captain Ames Is new a ship
per, but his son. Captulii Albert Ames
I'epper, clean-lined, handsome fellow,
still in his twenties, bes cmninand
of n beat. A griiniUiin, Bvreu Ames
Pepper, waits te mcered him.
Would Net Let Sens
Fellow Oyster Business
There comes occasionally te Bivalve
Captain Elmer Bnteman, man and boy.
thirty vears n sailor en thn cove, and
Harry 'McDonald, bis very faithful
male, There Is a little melancholy
te Cap'n Elmer and theuch his cour
tesy Is a match even for Cap'n Ames,
hls'e.ve for th water N n cynical one.
Cap'n Elmer has three sons.
"Never let ene of them put feet en
an ejBter beat," he sajs with a sort
of sad linaBtftilnriH, "One's a aichl
tect In Philadelphia, another's n build
ing engineer nnd the bey'n studying
te be a druggist."
If some one suggests te ( up n I-Jmer
that, with the normal eagerness of all
Iuivr fee the sea. he might have en
countered seme trouble with bis wins,
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ii,,i " Mr' Kn,1 Uallcy proudly, "1 the melancholy deepens.
Mjmlned pcrty nigh all places In this I "Yes." says Captain Elmer feelingly,
!- iev.n and I went 'round stHrln' In
Lip V" ? " y-ioein guilty
" f setUed In my mind It a
"Sometimes they get that tomfool no
tlen. Then's the tlme te keep jour,
will set." '
owner.
Crews Werk Sometimes
Knee-Deep in Water
Beats will set out from tin wharf i
ai lllv.ihc before sunlight en u stinging'
midwinter morning. The ittw, will1
wuil; nil nieiutug with halyard and I
'able, will g!eveletl,v t.ihe bold of llir.
fin, '.Ins lien dieib'e. will -ort or it II"
the ejMcis en a u lie-eeveied deck.
(in it t in ii they will work all after
i nnu under the sunless sheds of tin
wharvis leuiiting the nv-tct- one by
me. or will stand hip-deep in tin I
(llillv water I eside the tle.lts
lliilf of the ilav's labor, in coin i
v cither as in warm. i done in a!
ei.impiil pe-ture; that Is te wnv. tealcl.
i with the km i". well straihllid, Only
'run men st.iuil a life like tlii-. .mil ii
one is net Iren te liegm .iih, he if.
made se in n few m'.isiii,
A genii peitinn of an ovsterbe.it's
i rew i of Negroes, who i nine iieni tin
Clic'-apealie riuintiv e.irv venr te
"line en." Although ni.lli.v fairlv dee,i
iltuchiuents glow between masters aini
icse men. tli" ( eiumiiuitj is alvvavs
eager te be rid of ihetii n tlie oil
season, for tliej are re-,ile.i undei leis
me and if ditiiU Is te be had. theu
are fremiuit light-, upon the wlinrve.'
which i ml sometimes with binl.en
nails,
The old practice of "ciimping,"
which lias given the e,vter captains of
the Chesapeake shore suih f.mt.ist i
reputations, secins te have been im-
I'.miiiiii niii , unit i iti . . r ii,.
i ' ' "UIIMII 111 I I IIIOll IM I l till
nvMenneli of Del'ivvnr' IS.iv pessiblv
helped i eiisnleiahlv tevv.iid their glad
ual n.ccuduni'.v ever tb old-time e.vster-
liien nt tlie ('liaiiale
Winding out fi.nu the hi ml of
Mnutnv Kivei and into the gieat cove
one finds tiiie; nbeve the giav vvatet vvatet
ef the bav hr 'g'll.ir nnd "(emliiglv i:ii.
le-w lint s of in I lne branch'-, or
blilll' Ill's semetl.i's n' tn net dead
nt a'l. Se it I-. I' III Ms t, cove
fi"i.i tlie liglitheu(- ili.it tuff eiibcr
mill of the tint land, .inn m It 'ems all
ever the bav . ik ii .iiins te the 1 1 la -
W.lll slr,r
' nnsliing
into tin
ti 1
TI ' m. holdings or "lets' range in
the i i.i i ti fie'u t.ei te a bundle, I acres,
dough tin l.ire.est of them aie mere
1 1 .in ".mi 'iitcs Mete than en" I t
et in r-e. miiy be lea-Pil te a single
pi rsen or 111 cii. and there are mine
iilnis. I; ildnigs i im above "n 11) a ics
Monopoly System Is
Well Guarded Against
I It wn a1",! .iniiniiiif ed that, though
i lean- win. Id be .granted te present
holder-, i" riii'ther leases would lie
givru te iiaiiv iiluals living e it-ldi1 the
' Slate .1- te tirm - ineurpiuated else-
I w here
' Tin- was done, it was -aid. te pre
vent nmiopeiv t'ireateneil at Hun time
le be unconslltuHenal. since
stricted Interstnle enininrre. Otbii-J
protested that nionepolv wns even mert
Imminent, becnuse nothing weh neede'' '
new but political pntienagc te fcccUhi
Seme of the smaller nystermen d
dared that the State Itself had no right
te lease fhn oyster beds; that they were
public nrer"r!v ntul klwuil.i ln f ti
I all te dredgn In. Just as all were free
te cruise Jn ihe bay. t
Nevertheless the 'law remained, nnd
is still the law under which the Indus
try Ms conducted.
Each venr fhn enrmiiliulnn ,lAftlniiAfl
hrce of ihe sloetn as evstrr bnnln Thi
means thn the crews give ever dredg
ing altogether and devote thcmxrlves te
watching for punchers nnd violators of
lne rough cull" law. for which they i
arc duly compensated by the State.
Arrived between Its plphfful ,mlr a i
stakes the sleep begins dredging. The
engine Is flowed te n hardly pereeptlm
movement. The diedge, a triangular1
Iren net lecmbllng .somewhat nil old .
fashioned slrcel-car fender. Is con cen
nccted by n eable te n great Iren spepl
nmidshlp and lowered ever the side.
I'eihnps ii bit of fnVil Is rnlsed te
stead the hunt. or. If the wind is right,
the engine may be altogether suppressed
and the beat proceed by sail power
nlene.
The dredge serepes along the bed of
the cove or bay gathering up the oys
ters. The central engine that ttirnn th
tpoel Is started. In n moment the con
nection that winds the spool Is made and
the dredge comes clanking up the side.
, Twe men fcie it mil cuntv Us eon
tints upon the deck. Other men en
, theli iliaiinches pick up -(be nyMcrs one
bv one and tap them with a hammer.
These e.vsters that give a flat sound are
, kept nnd these that mmihiI hollow nr
thrown back Inte the water. This In
called "rough cull," an examination
ordered by law. At any lime during or
, nfter the (hedging tli" police bent may
1 see fit (e Inspect tl.e bnul. They tap
the shells for themselves and If 10 per
cent or mme of the oysters en deck nr
, found "bad," that Is te sar. Insuf
licicnHv developed, the captain Is llnbl
te n severe penalty.
The eysteimcn nie constantly com cem
p'ninlng thai (lie percentage is far tee
small: tbnt the most painstaking cap
tain i.innef make hl "rough cull" se
meticulous thai a dav will net remij
when the percentage of "bads'" will b
slightly mure titan ten The maximum,
thev 'ay, should be fired nt IcaFt nt
I twenty The case Is certainly net one
I whose merits can be decided by an out
sider, but an nutMder Is encouraged te
observe pvn fait: that practically every
nvster iapt.iin. even one of necredlted
Integr.tv. failing i'i Ihe mve or In the
bav. has been at some time or miutlfer
aught b.v the "tough cull' law. and
l bat prosecution tins never been b-eught
ngninst a shellfish commissioner, no
matter hew lAtcn-lvc his operations- in
llie ejFter bed-
This Year's "Harvest"
May Be Werth $5,000,000
t.ast venr a little mine than S4. 000.1'
00(1 worth of nister- were carried in'
the shell ever tbe.'e reads finm Bivnlvei
ami Mauncc Klver. East jear was (n
average one. This year It may run te
well nlwive S.".nr0.000. In the peal: pf
' tlie evster scakeil 'ute autumn and
earl winter the average sl'Inment In
nbei't sixty carloads a day, though It
i ften runs' te ninety.
A s'nglc shipper mnv get rid of iner.s
tl.vi a millle i -Hters -in a vvp.--1
though the experts for this space of
lime are mere ellen vvttniu i: i". I.mi
i,red iheiifand.
It iheiibl be understood lint tcgitl
possession of tl.e oyster changts four
times or oftener 'it llie pree?hs of :t
rriueval from the bed and Its tinusfer
te jour table Seme of the shipper
bnvi their ivvn beats and dradi'mu",,
lut mere frepirntly thev bv- the e
lers from tlie rlnep ciplninu is thej are
brought alongside the wbaif.
The rate Is se much n thousand nnd
the ovsters are counted bv the captain
nnd In- i"v. w.tb one nter thrown
inin mi e;tvr basket te tnllj the hull
.. . ..... ,. .. i ... ,
I ilrcc. ui.s w iri i .: nv uiinii .inn
1 done with Inentii enable rapb'ltv Three
or f:r arc taK" I" one clutch, nnd
for a -k lb'il njs'rrniin the 'nun of a
1 theiisnn 1 is the work of Ifs Ih.i'i five
minutes
At l.i" nfte-ninn In mid-sasi'ii tht
vvl.arvis are the scene of a bllslle cen-tr.i-ting
ipieerlv with Ihe la.v n-peet
of tne cnuiift.v. l'irhaps L'OO men
ma be counting nut vesifrdays hnul
ami -isi mere iiuinping tne ceunira
(J
m:p.
.i..i'.i
'
"Claim Jumpiny" Calls
for Severe Punishment
Tlli'-e llie "s iKi and mill k tile
holdings nt tin union" i "ii'iiiien. mill I
though the hill, is an in appi .Irani c
almost piccl-ilv nl'ke in innfu-i' one,
pair for uimthii ' iiiite 1 1 1. -' s te iiinn
n teim in jail fir t' e i.ipi.nn and lilsl
crew. '
Tlie uatuial vveiuli i nf the ItMiilIi.bt or '
why lids der- net happen iveiv ,lm
clears a little wl.eii it is i xpl.uui d '
that the who!" Im v had hi en put te t
most uircfu! suivc.v, and tb.it a u in
with siitiieii'il i li-e te be in chat,;, if
a ship is piesiimul I" b.iv e leugh ti
knew his own pait nf the w.uu.
The difficult v is largelv in e.i''
spring after the i lui- di-ir,, , ., ,,,,
of tin' st.il.is. and in v mit lau-t In
plniited in preei'ilv the '.line places
'I'be piiue-s nf ' '.ililiiij" i- himplj In
r ' .. .. I..... l.- .H,I.. .U.. !...
i in i eit. mi gieups. ei riuinucipiim evstcr i mM(r ' "" "'", "' '"'"e, m- iii.
laen. I into the freight inrs. Sometimes there
The nv-ieiinen were far from being I ar" bickerings of captains nnd slilp-
lunifnimlv in aiipieval of the law . Many ' 1 1 1 nt the bend of the whnrv.x but
of them who wished tn ictire were pre- '' ' r vvlinlc the town lenslabl- Im
I vetit'sl iieni s.diing t Im ir holdings nut-'itie te de but bat li.s evi"ia-tin
side of the State and declared the law i cl-
epcaa-vzsni.x.-j
ivM'&t
2 if?&i)l lsS
tff
'Arrs'XsrrsErTmi
SS5r.
w
t9fttt
r-f vl2&&hS'--2z;$
'8$kxftJS3L-.
kTj;;
' " $M V
. U .s"
.yj-rav?
& Tii&sm
Captain Ames Pepper, his son Walter and his Krandsen, Byren Ames.
"Cap'n Ames" in the eldest ejsteriiian along Maurice River
There Is also the hostess of the Maur
fee River llouse who pi e Ides astonish
ing diuueiH en tablis iretected by oil
cloth and who submits with arjlng pa
tience each day te an hour of bantei,
ami the storekeeper who is local pietich
er and whose convictions will net allow
him te sell cigarettes.
iced-i linked banks up le Millvillc All
this Is Ihe "ey.sti r leuntrv," though
llie oysters theinsclvca Inhabit net the
ilvei, luil the bay.
One Industry Affords
Hundreds Employment
Ihe few scattered hundreds of pre-
The visitor will Unci many te tell hint i pie who llve hereabouts subbist directly
that the life of the njstcrmau is n or indirectly upon the industrv 1'liele
"menu" one -n lifetime of labor for u is a little half-hearted farming, hardly
pultry reward, comforts, inude possible noticeable from the mails ; berrv patches
only lllicr line is inu tun mi iiijej invui. iiuniiij. nun seiun melon piltl lies Hilt
Hut one senses this te be but speciously
felt and leeks for n proof in thu com cem com
fertoble white homes of Pert Nerrls
with their vine-screened perches, their
gardens nud their self-conscious En
rages. Maurice River twists lastly from lta
mouth at thu Delaware Bay through
the soil is desultory. It runs in streaks
nnd semcllmcH shifts. There are great
acres eevercu witn nothing bur vortb vertb
less brush or werse than worthless
reeds,
A mull's front yard mav be nrnble
and his back yard sterile. 6e it is that
the" prospect for oysters 'and never for
,,4SWeV v .r-", iV i.-.
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Task or sorting oysters for market net a pleasant one, especially when the tertiDe-.
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Captain Elmer Iiatcman (left) and
Harry McDonald, known te cvery
man, woman and child in the Maurice
River fishing colony.
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