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EVENING PUBBIO- LEDGER
PHILADELPHIA, THUKSDATiVAtfteS!.;2;,a! "' V ' -Vt'O vi,.'1. VVK'SSX.' ?
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Jetm.C. Martin, Vies rrestdnt anil Treasurer!
Cnarl-s A. Tyler, Secretary: Chnrles llj I.uillns I.uillns
ten, Thllln 8. Ceillns. Jehn 11. William. Jehn J.
PpurRcen, aeerss V. Goldsmith, David E, flmlley.
Dlrrftnr.
DAVID E. SMILET.... Editor
'" i
.JOHN C. MATtT1?f....acnTal Dulna Manager
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1'hilidtlplil., TliunJiy, Ammt 24. 152:
PINCHOT'S PLAIN PLATFORM
FTHNSEL generalities of the familiar tjpc
JL' of political platform find no place in tlie
direct ami cnmlld statement of Clifferd Pin Pin
chet, addressed te editors of Republican
newspapers In Pennsylvania.
Mr. Plnchet Is, fortunately, unglftei with
powers of gaudy rhetoric. His manifesto,
which is In the nature of a prelude te the
gubernatorial campaign, bears directly en
concrete issues, is wholly in line with pre pre
Tleus premises and is constructive In the
best and least delusive seii'-e of that word.
That he has net forgotten, nnd is deter
mined net te forget, one of the pregnant
causes of the political revolution in this
Commonwealth Is cenfirmptl by his declared
Intention te make the quickest possible use
pfithc findings of his unofficial committee
designated te explore the welter of waste
and confusion in the finances of Pennsjl
vanla. The reorganization of the State Govern
ment and the elimination of the saloon are
we ether policies which he plans te carry
Inte prompt effect In the clearly fore
shadowed event of his election. His reor
ganization program Involves, as It should,
the cause of local self-government for cities,
boroughs, townships nnd school districts.
nd the mitigation ns much as possible of
cumbersome nnd epprcsshe dictation from
Barrlsburg.
It Is upon this same theme that Jehn A.
McSparran has waxed particularly fervent.
In his opposition te ever-centralization mid
the creation of ponderous and costly bu
reaucracies nt Harrisburg, Mr. l'lncbet
leaves his political competitor in the posi
tion of n protestant clamoring for a reform
already sighted.
It Is refreshing te note throughout .the
Republican candidate's preliminary state
ment the emphasis upon definite objectives.
The' entire announcement is as devoid of
clap-trap and pretense ns are the career
tuid personality of the author.
THE ONLY WAY OUT
THE country at large, uninformed as it K
about the underlying details of the coal
situation, will yet be right in refusing te
sympathize with the demand of the nnthra
cite miners for wage contracts covering a
period of jcars which has brought strike
ettlemcnt negotiations te another deadlock.
The proposal of the operators te continue
the old wnge schedule nnd te leave future
disputes te arbitration seemed fair and rea
sonable enough. Arbitration of this" Sert
worked well in the past. There is no con
ceivable reason why it should net work well
In ,the future. Jehn It. Lewis, refusing te
accept the principle of arbitration for the
miners, Is open te suspicion of a desire te
fortify the institutions and usages of his
unions at great nnd needless expense te the
miners themselves and the country at large.
TVintcr rs coming en nnd coal It scarce
and prices arc high, and there Is no sign of
relief for the unorganized public. But mns
opinion in the United States is surely, if
lowly, crystallizing In definite nnd novel
forms opposed allke te the nutecracy of
unions and operating corporations in control
of csscntlnl Industries. It is becoming
clearer ciery day that the people will Lave
te reconcile themselves te the prospect of a
long period of Industrial regulation by Fed
eral commissions or te a continunnce of
ruinous waste in the larger fields of pro
ductive effort.
A spirit of geed will and enlightenment In
the groups new opposed te each ether would
make n choice between thes alternatives
unnecessary. But there is no sign or prom prem
ise of It anywhere, and it is significant of
the state of mind of labor leaders that Mr.
Lewis should telegraph te the I'rc-ldcnt de
manding union representation en the fact
finding coal commission seen te be estab
lished with the authority of Congress.
All the bitter expoiicnce of the last three
years proves, however, that such an ar
rangement would be disastrous. The fail
ures nnd tribulations of the Railroad Laber
Beard may mean nothing te Mr. Lewis,
though te every one outside the circle cstab
jj llshcd by the unions nnd the corporations
they mean that the whole plun en which in
dustrial arbitration commissions have been
conceived since the war is wrong.
The Rail Benrd Is composed of nine mem
bers. Three members are appointed te rep
resent the rnilread corporations, three te
represent railway labor and three tn repre
sent the public. In practice it has been
demonstrated that the corporation commis
sioners are forever for the corporations and
that the labor group is always ready te sup
port nry demands thet unions miiy make.
Thus the Rnilread Laber Beard, In se far
as it may be expected te guard the public
Interest, is net a commission of nine, but a
commissien'of three.
In a commission of three one mnn will
always delnluate by the force of an aggres
sive, or superior mind or character. Se it
has been In the Rail Benrd. The decisions
of the beard have been the derisions of Ben
W Heeper, head of the public greun. It
has been contended In Reme quarters that
Mr. Heeper's handling of the Issue raised
by the shepmen nnd intensified by their
strike was faulty. Mr. Heeper should net
be blamed for this. The responsibilities
I
gV-vSsfced upon him have been tee heavy for
any inuiviuuai te near wim uigiuty or
very properly departed from
organization reflected in the
ive aw ueiiru wiivii iiu ui'Giiu iu piuu ter a
t-1 fact-finding coal commission, lle has In
2fc.siuanlnjlty,
Ifvfl'Tbe President
S'TvI laWinclple of
..:fuwh i ..
fit 'V l'm ft commitstslett that shall be without dl
tRMtact representation of cither operators or
i, .Vnmers. In tue course of time the Rail
JMsru m imyu iu iiu ii-"mniiizuu iifiun sinu
Yls Uaes. .iWhat we shall have te have nrn
OTMBiltpsjBBl' uuie te ue us impnruni anu
iiMt.MW' United States SupremeV Court,
and ns completely detached from conflicting
industrial groups. Only1 a little while agt
it appeared that the form In which the Rail
Heard was organized was Ideal. But we
have lived nnd learned. In the future th
expert knowledge which "Interested groups"
were supposed te contribute te conciliation
beards will hnve te be obtained from the
witnesses which Federal commissions have
the power te summon.
IRELAND'S YOUTHFUL LINCOLN
AND HIS UNFINISHED LABORS
A Pitiful Sacrifice te the Fanaticism
That Always Has Made Na
tional Martyrs
IS IT the fate of the Irish people te be
forever divided against themselves?
What thoughts are new in the mind of De
Vnlcra, whose warm nnd generous friend
Michael Cellins was? What new and In
eradicable hates will spring from the killing
of one of the most devoted friends that Ire
land ever had te make new divisions in a
land weakened nnd sick at heart with in
herited hatreds?
The habit of martyring great men Is net
by any means a monopoly In Ireland. AH
peoples, or, rather, the seers of red In the
lunatic fringe that forms about every great
popular cause, succumb te it at regular
Intervnls. But the circumstances of Cellins'
end were strangely pitiful nnd Ironically and
Insanely cruel. Hnd he ever been nfruld of
n fight or otherwise than smilingly con
temptuous of the nssesslns who skulked In
pursuit of him or unwilling te confront an
enemy upon even terms, his death by a shot
from ambush would net seem se intolerable
as It does, nor se completely outside the
decent order of war or peace.
The bullet that ended me life of this
genius of Irelnnd mny have been fired by
one of the bush fighters that the radicals
huvc Imported from Australia or by an un
thinking rebel under orders In ambush or by
some one of the youths of the land who have
been lnllnmed te a degree of fanntlctsm by
elder men who ought te knew better. In
any case It will leave a lasting mark upon
the face of contemporary Ireland. And
such Is the wny of mankind that the death
of the ablest and bravest of Irish lenders
may be the thing needed te bring the mis
guided factionalism te their senses nnd te
an understanding of the harm they arc doing
te their country, their traditions and their
people's hopes.
Upen nil Americans of Irish birth or sym
pathy the affair near Cerk ought te have a
lasting effect for geed. It has been clear
for a long time that this large group was
almost universally in support of Cellins nnd
the Irish Free State Government nnd the
principle of compromise with Englnnd which
that Government represents, even though the
Dublin regime did net seem te be altogether
In nccerd with the tradltiennl conception of
n free Ireland. Yet it has been passive in
the presence of n persistent agitation carried
en by an embittered minority determined te
cheese chaos in Ireland rather than the
system of constructive and progressive com
promise which Michael Cellins and his as
sociates perfected and realized.
Te a world that is warmly friendly to
ward Ireland and ready always te recognize
the justice of Its claims te Independence nnd
Tightness of Its aspirations as a racial nnd
national entity nnd, Indeed, te some of the
met ardent Irishmen In Ireland, the bitter
ness of the conflict In the Seuth has been be
wildering. Judgments pronounced nt this distance are
dangerous, since it is impossible te bring
all the details of n situation as complicated
ns the Irish one into the. focus of an over
seas lcw. Hut we knew thnt an overwhelm
ing percentage of the people in Southern
Irelnnd support the Free Stnte Government,
thnt the guerrillas organized ns Dc Valer
ists have' wrought devastation in the eco
nomic, social and political sjstem of the
Seuth counties and that Cellins differed only
in method nnd net in the degree of his pa
triotism from the men who shot him. And
we fear that Ireland, en trie read te pence,
en the way te freedom, nt the open portals
of a new nnd prosperous national life, will
again be frustrated by Its "patriots" and
returned te the confusion of fifty years age
and opened again for an invasion of British
arms unless the fates provide n leader ns
oble and courageous as Cellins was te undo
the work of random assassins.
"It Is nbeut time," says Bernard Shaw,
himself en Irishman nnd nn Inexorable
critic of the English theory of control In
Ireland, "that Irishmen stepped talking of
dying for their country and prepared te live
for it."
Similarly it is about time thnt the radi
cals of the republican cause ccaed te pro
vide ammunition for the British reactionaries
who labor twenty-four hours a day te con
vince the world tbnt Ireland is ruled by
emotion rather than logic, nnd thnt en; thing
like a free government of the country would
be Impossible.
As matters are going new the outside
world hears only of ambushes, assassina
tions nnd red-het factional war in Ireland.
It Is net permitted, because of the general
clamor, te hear of the constructive work
being done by Intellectual, devoted groups In
Dublin nnd elsewhere.
It must seem te any reasonable person
that friends of Ireland In the United States
would new endeavor te help the builders of
the new Irelnnd. The wild work of the
wreckers has been permtttert te go far
enough. All the world of men, in a quest
for peace, is trying te forget ancient griev
ances nnd the injustices that are past.
Surely it Is felly for Irish men and women
te feel that Ireland ought te bleed te death
for the past and close her eyes te the prom prem
ises of the present and the future.
"MEALS INCLUDED"
C
OLLAl'SE of the evening trade, ns a re
sult of prohibition legislation, is nmeng
the reasons given by tlie international Stew
ards Convention new In session In St. Leuis
for Its prediction of the return of the Amer
ican plan te the hetelH of this ceuntiy. The
popularity of "platter combinations" is nlse
cited us n mark of change In the eating
habits of the Natien. Patronage of the
fixed-price tnble d'hete suggests that the
iittractleu of liberty of cholce has proved
delusive.
It Is te he sincerely hoped that the stew
ard und hotel proprietor who have of late
been, displaying similar powers of prophecy
will be specific
Just exactly what Is meant by "American
.plan"? U a restoration of the bird-bath
system of service, of the old multifarious
menu, maguificenk ta,iU premises, disheart
ening in Us violefiins, la Intended, It is
high time te erganise'" ledges of sorrow
throughout the land.
American hotels are new, all things con
sidered, 'the best In the world. A goodly
part of 'their present' eminence is due te the
successful revolt against the 'dreary Indt
gcsllblllty nnd,bnd cooking of the "mcals
lncludcd" formula. . "Evening trade," new
reported missing,, may have been mentally
nnd morally frivolous, but the linperlous linperleus
ness of its taste was unquestionably salu
tary and productive of enterprise and
artistry In cuisine.
The reunders may have vanished, but It
would be well' for the hetclmen, te realize
that the revolution in gastronomy cannot
be undone without depressing consequences.
A NATIONAL PRK NEXT DOOR?
AS AN nppreprlnte adjunct te the Sesqul
Centennial, Congressman Charles J.
Haminltt, of New Jersey, is pressing an
ambitious project th'nt is perhaps capable of
development nleng interesting nnd nttrnc nttrnc
tlve lines. This is nothing less than the
creation of n natlennl park In the region In
which Washington crossed the Delaware en
route te the great surprise victory at Tren Tren
eon. Natlennl parks In the East are rare.
There Is, In fact, only one such preserve,
the Lnfnyctte Park, with an area of eight
square miles, In the picturesque granite
mountains of Mount Desert Island.
Still mere novel is the conception of a
national domain, emphasizing historic
rather than scenic nttrnctiens.
In Representative Hammitt's project,
however, natural charms would, nlse play a
part, since the Upper Delaware Valley Is a
gracious and charming region. The school
of American nrtits, Including netnbly Gar
ber nnd Rcdficld, who have pictured the
valley's beauties, Is evidence of its potent
allurements.
There artr, of course, serious practical
obstacles in the wny of Mr. Hammitt's pro
gram. But the conception Is, en the whole,
less fanciful than it might be deemed with
out investigation. Despite their majesty,
there Is no background of associations with
the grcnt Western parks. Their appeal Is
objective.
Within the radius of fifty or sixty miles
from Philadelphia there are stretches of de
lightful country hallowed by epochal events
in the making of the Nntien. Any move
ment which seems te safeguard the Inspira
tional values of thc-e regions nnd te respect
their relics of n heroic past is one te be en
couraged. Who would have
Puncturing suspected that the second
the Bubble Johnstown Heed te burst
Its dnius and tumble into
the news would be one of real beer?
Nobody. Se thrilling was the news, se
renllstie (for free lunch was coupled with
the real beer) that, the sophisticated began
te wonder if the whole thing were net
merely n bid for the tourist trade. And
new comes the nfflrmatien thnt the stuff
is nothing mere than near-beer and that
its kick is purely psychological. Hew the
truth will hurt and sndden the convivial ones
w he have sampled and approved !
SHORT CUTS
Stranec it the fate of the acremarine.
Queir is the picture a vietima tUl
pninf it.
Schooner that rctcued them cannot 6e teen
Rum go, ain't itt
Rail birds continue te destroy Uncle
Sam's crops.
What Hill desires from Ilaynes, ap
parently, is a frank statement.
'Tis n blnck mark Ireland has given
herself In the slaying of Cellins.
It appears that no long airplane flight
Is complete without n wreck or two.
Anthracite miners nnd operators won't
find any meat en thcbnne of contention.
Perhaps there will be no rail settle
ment until the Government has tamped u
tie.
Settlement of the steel strike may be
obscured by the darkness that precedes the
dawn.
Te hear some of the European corre
spondents tell it, Mars is merely changing
his urraer.
Every householder with nn empty bin
has his own coal commission, but It isn't
getting him nn where.
Semp of the men who profess te be
shocked nt Newberry are net nbeve buying
votes witu n uenus.
There is little likelihood that rail execu
tives are looking with ever-friendly eyes in
the direction of Judge Gary.
Somehow we 'begin te wonder hew Con
gressmen are going te point with prlde
daring the coming campaign.
Judge Landis Bays he believes In tem
pering Justice with mercy, ibut you just
can't make some of his victims believe It.
Though we rejoice at the thought of a
fact-finding commission, It will take mere
than coaled facts te keep the home fires
burning.
Willinmspert, Pa., man shed tears and
was cured of color blindness. And yet
we have known onion peelers te speak of
them ns while violets.
Hindenburg is being lionized In Munich,
Indication, perhaps, that he was net suffi
ciently mouseitied before the war was per
mitted te end.
Soviet authorities are ssld te be making
an effort te sell the Russian crown jewels,
valued at ?.ri00,000,000. The amazing fact
is that they ere still intact.
The finppcr has steed for a geed deal
nnd hns come up smiling, but the declara
tion of New Yerk dancing masters thaCshe
Is ungraceful and can't dnnce is a knock
out. Greenshurg, Pa., reports frost. The
time draws nenr when newspaper nara-
graphers slinplv can't refrain mentioning
what James Whltcemb Riley had te say
about the punkln.
Adelph Lerenz says the one lessen he
has learned in life is never te step working;
but, of course, this expert opinion need net
be allowed te Interfere with vacation plans.
The local burglar, who worked for
hours te enter n warehouse, get fifty pennies
from a cash register and was then pinched,
is probably of the opinion thnt there Is
truth in the scriptural dictum that the way
of the transgressor Is hard.
Man does his routine work though the
heavens fall. Thus there is cause for con
gratulation rather than surprise in the fact
that desplte political upheavals the farmers
of Russia and Poland went ahead and planted
grain and nre new assured geed crops.
Unde Ham sugges'ts that Cuba put up
entry barriers as a first step toward pre
venting the smuggling of Chinese and Euro
pean aliens from the Islund republic te
the I'nlU'd States a case of suggested crop
restriction that will awaken no controversy,
It Is confidently expected thnt the con
templated Turce-Greek conference near Con
stantinople will accomplish ampst as much
as some ether recent conferences of ether
participants in the big war; which fact,
somehow, is net "overwhelmingly encourag
ing. ....
INSURING AGAINST RAIN
End of First Summer of New Kind of
Business Shows Many Sporting
and Outdoor. Events Were.
Covered by Policies
WHEN a social club called the "Goofs"
planned n dnncc last April in the
Craftsman Club nt Drcxcl Hill, .some one
nmeng the committee in charge brought up
the question of hew they would stand" th!
financial less in ense it rained, and some seme
lmdy else said that he hat! heard It was
posslble te take out Insurance against less
by rain, and that is hew the business of
rain Insurance, began, se far as Philadel
phia Is concerned.
.LFe.r, n?nl-y " J'ar before that several of
the big insurance companies in New Yerk
had been writing rain insurance policies
?...nn.".!,t nlu' tx, et thorn hnd appointed
Philadelphia agents te take care of any
such business If It should happen te come
in. The (mefs were 'said te be the first
customers here.
Since then this unusual end of the busi
ness has become popular among people who
organize public functions where n decided
finnnclnl less would occur through bad
weather. Naturally the'summer time brings
most of this business because of the many
baseball games nnd picnics nnd tleck parties
nnd such events. This summer-time busi
ness Is new n'beut done nnd the Insurance
people are in n position te formulate some
itjen of where they Stand.
THE books show that se far as the actual
finances of rnln insurance are concerned,
the companies have broken just nbeut even.
But they ure satisfied If the, business keeps
up in that way because they hove found
thnt it Is one of the best ways of mnklng
new friends and new-friends mean new cus
tomers In their regular line.
The records of t,hls summer's rnln In
surance bring out some very interesting side
lights en tills new kind of policy writing.
Seme months nge a motion picture was
sent out en the read through the smaller
cites of Pcnnsjlvnnln. The film carried
with it one of the livest of motion-picture
publicity men nnd he, in the press agent's
usunl search for n new "stunt" te get
spnee in the newspapers, came across an
Item about rain Insurance and this gave
him his idea.
In Rending, Easten and Allentown he
inserted big advertisements, such as had
never -been seen before. In announcing his
open ng night he guaranteed that If it
should rain at the time the people would
erd narlly go'te the theatre, he would send
tnxlcabs for all who phoned for them nnd
nke them te the show, and if it wns rain
ing when the house let out, ne would nlse
tnke them home in tnxicubs.
Such an unusual offer nnturally became
legitimate news, nnd it wns the medium
through which the announcement of the
opening became very widely heralded In the
ecnl Papers. The officials in the home office
immediately bombarded the press agent with
reproaches for taking sueli n cheiiee at
losing money, but he calmed them by the
simple answer: : "Fully covered by rain
insurance." This was- the second policy
written in the local office.
rpiIE first policy running up into fairly
A large figures was written for the Wynne Wynne
weed Peny nnd Deg Shew held en Mnv
U. It railed for n pnjment of $2000 if
,., 7,'m1 rnm. n8. ,m,ich nB one-tenth of
nn inch from 4 o'clock until the time the
afternoon show closed.
nrttf11! ",mi;,('r ? ln"J it started te rain
nnd it looked as though the company which
w i, ie l'" ey wl"s Kin ta establish a
less, but at five minutes of four the rnln
stepped nnd the show went en without
another drop. Oddly enough, it started te
pour early in the evening, and nil of the
iTmJ-J? T',( WPre fP0"wl. hut no rnln
insurance had been taken out for them.
Naturally, the most common form of rain
Insurance taken out during the summer
months is written te cover baseball gnmes.
The Seuth Philadelphia Club bes been one
of the steady customers during the present
season. The Strnwbrlge & Clothier team,
the Donevan -Armstrong team nnd nlmest
0,1 , f. the clubs which hove been plnving
twilight nnd Saturday nfternoen games
quickly realized the advantage of guaran
teeing themselves ngninst less, and have
become regulnr customers.
American Legien fetes nnd lawn parties
given bv fire ceinpnnles in the nearby sub
urban towns have been protected in this
way. and nn event held by the Frnnkferd
Test. June 10 nnd 17, threatened the com
panies with less, but the requisite one
tenth of nn inch did net fall.
Ti1AnXerU'c'",lern .S1,ri" clu took out
1 SBTOO policy for their "Streets of Beg-
'J?,'1,, ,f,t0, ,nt f,ex Clm1-0' June 24- and the
Philadelphia Protestant Federation, plan
ning a moonlight excursion en a river
steamer, covered the expense of hiring the
beat and nn orchestra by a $400 policy.
UP UNTIL the end of May the insurance
companies hnd struck all of the best
luck, nnd it began te leek as If these policies
were going te return geed nctual profit,
but en June 2 rain forced the pn)ment of
$1000 te cover the lawn fete of the Church
of the New Jerusalem, held at 4740 Caster
avenue.
This scorned' te start bad luck for the
companies. The very next policy written,
calling for $200 for the Seuth Philadelphia
baseball game, had te be paid, and In rapid
Fiiecesslen enme the puyment of $,"00 for
the Pageant of Old Genuantewn nt the
Germnntewn Cricket Club, nnd a com
promise payment of the difference between
the amount of the policy nnd the nctual box
office receipts at a Lafayette College base
ball game.
The Shannhan Club carried rain insurance,
constantly for two or three weeks, nnd the
Chestnut Hill Club took out a policy of
$200 against rain between 5 and 1) o'clock
en the morning of July 20, when they
planned n railroad excursion te Atlantic
City.
The Seuth Philadelphia Baseball Club also
collected $500 for rain or August 12.
The biggest policies vet handled locally
have been written within the Inst week.
The customer in this cese Is the manage
ment of the Philadelphia County Fair, which
will he held et By berry during the first
days of September. i
The mnnngement has taken out a $0000
policy te cover Laber Day, and a $7000 one
te cover Saturday. These policies must be
paid if ene-tenth of an inch of rnln fnlls
en cither of these two dnys during ex
hibition hours.
RAIN insurance sounds as theugiTlt were
merely n gnmble hut, young as the idea
is, the probabilities have been figured out
scientifically. Just ns they nre Ik'nred
In ether kinds of Insurance, nnd the rales
of premiums nre based upon official statis
tics. Thus a search of the Philadelphia
Weather Bureau records shows the following
average of days having ene-tenth of nn inch
or mere of rainfall in each of the menths:
January, 12 da.vs; February, 12; March,
18; April, 11: Mev, 12; June. 10; July,
12; August, 10; September, 0; October,
B): November, 10, nnd December, 10.
The companies have tehlps using these
numbers ns nn Index, nnd the rate of
premium per $100 Is found In the column
headed by these figures. Thus, next month
gives the lowest premiums. The payment
for $100 worth of lnsurnnce for ene hour Is
$5.01), and this increnses gradually with the
time up te four hours, when the payment Is
$7.47 per $100. Frem four hours en it in
creases mere rapidly, nnd n policy covering
eight hours costs $14.0!) per $100, nnd n
whole day of twenty -four hours costs $45.
In the worst month, March, the figures
nre almost 50 per cent higher. One hour
costs $8.(15 per $100, four hours costs $10.70,
eight hours cost $21.05 nnd twenty-four
hours cost $05.
Unsebell policies are somewhat different
from the ordinary ones. The usual policy
for a game Insures ngninst rain from (he
previous midnight until four and a half
innings have been played. In that rnse the
rate Is arrived at by multiplying the imlex
number by J. a, or If the pejlcy begins from
ft o'clock the base number Is multiplied
byl2,
' , . i i. , ; . t vmm
W
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Knew Best
C. BURGESS TAYLOR
On Settlement of Industrial Troubles
THE business of protecting the public
against the results of protracted or
violent industrial disputes Is ene which
belongs- primarily te the State, according
te ('. Burgess Tayler, of the Northwestern
Life Insurnnce Company, n member of the
Industrial Relations Committee of the
Plinmhm. nt Pnniinprep. nnil n mnn who has
much experience In the field of industrial v
disputes.
"Every man, no mnttcr what hls-buslness
or civic stntus," said Mr. Tayler, "has
n vital Interest in nil' industrial relations,
because these conditions affect every one In
the end. All the tnlk which we hear of
a 'finish fight' in industrial disturbances is
nonsense. There never has and never can
be such n thing because of the human equa
tion, which makes it nn ever-shifting nnd
a new problem as new phases of the old sit
uation arise.
"One thing always develops In every
strike or lockout. The monkey "wrench In
the works of the rnilread dispute today is
the matter of seniority; everything else is
settled. But when this strike wns declared,
this was net nn issue at all, but it has be
come a 'by-product' of the trouble. In every
dispute of llke kind, It is' the 'by-product'
which causes most of the trouble and net
the original dispute.
"There hns never been nny question about
the legal relations of employers nnd the cm cm
pleves. This is ns old as the common law
itself. The thing which we lnck is the
judicial machinery which pnrticularlv is
adapted te adjust these disputes. It Is
the ene wenk spot today in the social order.
When emnlevers and emnleves have n dis
pute, society permits them te fight It out en
their own tcrmB. This would be all right If
it did net dislocate everything else in the
nrca in which it takes place.
The Canadian Act
"Nearly cverv one who hns heard of the
adjustment of industrial disputes by legal
machinery has something te sny about com
pulsory arbitration. This method wns first
tried in Australia and New Zealand, nnd
resulted In n complete failure. England
and ether nations were groping In the dark
for a solution when the Canadian Indus
trial Disputes Act, was passed by the Cana
dian Parliament, eh a result of the rec
ommendations of W. L. Mackenzie King,
the present Premier.
"The snlicnt difference between the Cana
dian act nnd all ether former labor legis
lation is (his: The act forbids a strike or
a lockout being declnrcd until nfter nn in
vestigation is mode of the facts in the
case, nnd the results of their investiga
tion mnde public in n report ever the
signatures et the Investigators, This gives
public 'opinion it chance te crystnllize en
the merits" of the ense before work can be
suspended by cither slde. It Is easy te see
that nfter the investigation hns been made
and the facts published, public opinion will
deal a crushing blew le the element In the
dispute which is seen te be in the wrong
or te be unreasonable.
"The first step nleng the-OIncs of the
Canadian act which were token In this
country wns the Kansas Industrial Court.
There U no mere compulsory arbitration in
the Kansas act than there is in the Cana
dian act, but it leeks nt the matter from
n different nngle, and both acts have worked
out in a highly successful manner.
Three Basic Principles
"There are three principles, which always
have been the basis of all industrial legis
lation : First, compulsory arbitration, which
lias broken down completely; becend, the
Canadian Industrlnl Disputes Act, with Its
Investigation and making public the results
of that investigation, and, third, the Kansas
uct, which embodies the principle of adjudi
catien,
"This last means that where the Cana
dian act came into the dispute wlthMts in
vestigation und the laying of the facts be
fore thenihllc, tin lug' (e adjust the matter
as the Investigation proceeded, as it gen
erally; succeeded In doing the Industrial
Court of Kansas enters and make's an in.
vistlgatlen just as would be1 the case' in a
,7f an Blv fln.Hn. .ihnl.S.."
........ ...... .. ......, ..., .vuj
dltlens. must be se and se, thnt wages are
tee high or are tee low, and this decision
is final.
"It is important te get these things cienr
.in the public mind, because loose talk about,
compulsory arbitration is confusing nnd
prejudices the cause of permanent economic
pence. When the Canadian Industrlnl Dis
putes Act wns first enncted. it wns bitterly
opposed by both employers nnd empleyes,
but the Tact thnt it has remained fifteen
years en the statute books of the Dominion,
with never nn attempt te repcnl it, shows
thnt it hns been a geed thing. The 6ame is
true in Kansas.
"One of the unfortunate things nbeut
both the Canadian and the Kansas laws Is
that both were passed te meet some grent
crisis and net ns the result of a deliberate
and bread-minded effort permanently te Im
prove tudustrlul conditions. It was a coal
strike in both cases.
Cost of Rival Organizations
"The enormous sums expended annually in
maintaining labor unions nnd employers'
associations nre a great drain en industry,
which could be eliminated entirely If the
State found some simple nnd adequate ma
chinery for Invcstlgnting nnd ndjustlng In
dustrial troubles. The Industrial Relations
Committee of the Chamber of Commerce is
spending ns much money nnnunlly in nn ef
fort te bring nbeut desirable industrlnl con
ditions In Philadelphia alone as the Do
minion of Cnnndn spends in administering
its Department or i.noer.
"But privote citizens cannot be expected
te give the time nnd money necessnry te
estnblish the best working conditions, and
whatever they might de would be only of a
local character and subject te unfavorable
reaction In ether parts of the State, while
State ngencies could vlew the field from a
broader outlook.
"It is conceded by thinking persons that
the present war and waste following in the
wnke of strikes nnd lockouts will prove
fatal te the economic order If permit ted te
remain unremedied. There Is no difference
except In degree between the forces employ ed
in industrial warfare and these in the inte
International war; nnd it cannot be ex
pected thnt the pnrtles involved will ever
approach their problem with that degree of
forbearance and'patience which will effect
a solution.
, A Function of the State
"That is distinctly n function of the State.
It Is te be hoped thnt the people of Penn
sylvania will take te heart the present
lessen being taught us as a result of our
Indifference, nnd will set in motion influences
which will compel the next session of the
Legislature te estnblish n Court of Indus
trial Relations, which will serve the"entlre
State and set an example te the sister States
of the Natien. This need net fellow either
the Knnsas or the Canadian law, hut by
adopting the best of ouch and mnklng such
nddltlens ns our local situations may re
quire, It would seem that great improvements
could be mad en both these systems, nnd n
way opened for an era of industrial 'peace
which would mean much te our progress and
prosperity.
"A survey of present conditions must
carry te the minds of nil nn appreciation
of several conditions which confront this
country. In the midst of n railway slrlke
which is net only prestrntlng Industry, but
Is n menace te the lives of every person
in the country who travels, nnd n threatened
coal famine, the severity of which can be
determined only by the character of the
winter we are te have, there can he no
doubt that in the language of the Psalmist,
these disputes arc like 'the ncstllenea unlet.
wnlketh In the darkness nnd the destroyer
that wasteth at noonday.'
Fere of Public Opinion
'.'Our State should declare In Its sovereign
cnpaclty that men Nhall be protected In
the right te cheese their own wny of life,
but thnt they shall net Interfere with the
same right of their neighbors by imlulg ng
in disputes, the muses and the conditions
of which are shrouded In mvsierv. Let an
Intelligent- public opinion force n law en the
statute hooks which shall lay bnre the facts
In the disputes, nnd theiiIetpublIn opinion
force n just Judgment based nn.thr-He fm.
. LEa " .. .,'r",""-X I ""c"F"r-.r"M,' "" '
IICTI.I., tl- n .,.AftlA l.'t--. ..
,.iinpurjjap;v nai ue tmien can SBIfk hi
I . . MESBI
responsibility te assist in securing these bet
ter conditions. However, it is, a' great and'
hopeful sign te see that such Institutions of
learning as Bryn Mawr arid many honest
and sincere men and women in individual
capacities arc preparing the way for the
settlement of this great issue in the same
spirit of courage and fairness that always
has marked the judgments of public opin
ion in this country."
What De Yeu Knew?
QUIZ
1. For'hew many years did Napeleon Bena
parte rule as Emperor of the French?
2. What Is a pasticcio?
3. Hew old Is the game of lawn tennlsT
4. Who was the first Whig President of th
United States?
6. What kind of a bird Is a reek?
6. What fabulous animal was supposed te
llve In flre?
7. What Is the nameef the pipe of peaca
used by American Indiana In con
clave? 8. What country has been cnllcd the "Ceck
pit of Europe"?
9. What Is meant by complementary colors? '
10. What is an "ex parte" statement? f
Answers te Yesterday's Quli
1. It has been asserted that Cluirlcs da
Vllle Wells, who recently died In ,
Paris, nged eighty-two, was the origi
nal "Alan That Broke the Hank at
Monte Cnrle." On ene occasion In the
fameua Casine Wells' winnings wer
se great that the gaming-table bank ,
rnn out of 100,000 franc notes, ana
a messenger wns dispatched te a bank'
In the town te bring back 28,00
worth of francs for the lucky player.
I. Millard Fillmore . was the last Whig
(President of the United States.
5. Adolphe Thiers was the first President
of the Third French Republic. Hi
wns In oince from 1871 te 1873.
4. Ptolemaic theory la the name given te
the fallacious theory popularized by
ClauRlus Ptolemy, nn astronomer, who
lived In Alexandria In the second cen
tury A. I)., that the enrth was ths
central body around which the sun
and the planets moved. The system
was accepted until replaced In tn
sixteenth century by the Cepernlcan
or modern system, In which It i
proved that the sun Is the central
body about which the earth nnd tn
planets move.
6. A duome is n cathedral, especially pna
In Italy. The word, which Is erlgl-,
nally Italian. Is descended, like tnj(
weul dome, from the Latin "demus,
house. ,
. Galena Is a metallic lead-gray lead; also
nn Important ero of lead. . "
7. Sir Henry Itneburn was a noted Scetcn
fiertraft painter. Among the most dls
Ingulshed of his subjects were Hume,
Beawell nnd Sir Walter Scott IU
lmm died In 1823. .
8. Jcjune means dry, lifeless, dull. It If ,
from the Latin "JeJunus." hungry, tns
meaning of which can be found In ins
French word "dejeuner," breakfast.
"Dejeuner" is compounded of tn
French "Jeuner." te fast, erlglnall; ,
from the Latin "Jejunus" and 'de,
here used In the nense of the Engium
prefix "un." Hence "dejeuner' 1
"unfastlng." or brenkfnst.
8. A fault in geology Is a dislocation, rela
tively te each ether, of rock masses
en opposite side of a frncture.
10. A carcauet Is an ornamental cellar or
necklace of geld: a Jeweled drew
formerly worn. In the hair.
MOON MAN
Moen man, moon man,
With big round copper face.
Walking in the weed read
Through the jaggered space
There between the spruce trees,
v I've been a -watching you. .
Hew de de I Hew de de I Hew de de I
Grandpa says you're very old;
He says your copper smile
Was friendly with the ancient men.
Dead n long, Jeng while.
Yeu could tell hew Adam looked
If you wanted te, ... ,.
And all the white-halred Bible folks,
And what they used te de,
Ami'hew the great Kings went te flgM
And captured cities in tha night.
I'm waltlng7hcre te talk with you.
Hew de de !
Marie Drrunan, In the New Yerk Times.
-t 'J. ii-
A Missouri Child's Deduction
lfsartn flirt Durta ttmiv ' i
it was 'a, Paris four-year-old who en,
seeing a Sterk staring at him irem me iv si
I..... ..., .f n .i,l.r, ltifer,ni.,l'1ll4-niUtlltf.i3l
- that the stork was looking te see If 'he ceuH",
.rcwcinWrh . - . ? ij
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