fa'JAl
ffii r
M
It
rM
fng public Htbtz
ILIC LEDGER COMPANY
crnus h. k. cuivris, Pnrsuim
C, Jturlln, Vice President and Treasurers
A. Tvlir.. Secretary! Chkrlm II. I-iulltiK.
lllp 8. Colling. Jehn II. VVIlllnm, Jehn J.
ueerica r . uemtmun, uavia u. Bmuy.
HMtt.r.T.
.IMlter
MARTtN....flfncral Uulnn Manairer
ubllihed dally at Pcdme LEDera Building
independence Square, Philadelphia.
RTte ClTT Vrtm-Vnlen Building
TeK net Mndlen Axe
TOt font llulldlne
...013 nlelr.Drmnrmt Ilnllillr.
IPiTW
Rn
j.M?rrl
,1'cMll
HmOrtM
iWjBitM C
$k
tt? XHCIOIT
, btJ Leg
i i CHlCAOO 1302 Tribune Building
i'-'1 .L xr.ns huiii;ausi
niKOTe Mint-tr,
N. 77. for. lnn)lvanla A. and 14th St.
' YenK llCltrAU Thn tfun llllll.llnff
!va MV mn utuubM t. . i nuniEur uuuuinjc
e; -i m ihciui'Tien tkhmn
,, ' t EVNIN(J PUBLIC LeMIKH l HTVfd te Ub-
Kt ben In l'hlladctnhln, nnd gurreundlnc fount
J at He rate e( twulve (.1-) cenU icr Neck, payable
te be cfirrjer.
.'If mnlt In rtnlnta MittaMik m tv, 1 1 . .1 .1 ..,. I ...
ll ithfltTnlteil Stnti. Cum.li. or United Htati-n pen
, kesllena. po.itace free, titty (RO) cents per month.
I 13lJt'n 'lellari per enr, rMv"1e in advance.
5i nu lemun rnunirim one uu iinuar a month.
OTlct Suhacrtbeni wlfhlnir addre rhnn.l
pilft slve old as well ni new address,
Bpt. MOO WALNUT
KEYSTONH. MAIN 1601
V tf.
(tjTAiArrsa nil rommiittfcnfleiii te tivrning Public
ryj'tccr. iirtcp'iifli-nfe Hiiunrr, lhilad'lrhli.
, mciuucr ui iiif jihsutiaieu itcss
. )' IIK ARSOCtATr.D PRESS It exclusluefi tn-
Iffll of tn the tix for rrntiMienlMn nt nil mi
I J, irfU afcfcft crrdilnl le It or net otherwise credits
li ! n iinpcr, and ulie lie local iu-u'3 pubttihrd
.tm nn,
,'i II rleJift e repiiMlcntlen e eprclat dltvatchti
't 'lit nrj nle reaerved.
I,
riiilidclphu, Meiul.y, July 24, 1922
ICOAL TO THE COAL STATE
T11K rim I strll;e hni made it ncce-sary
Ifer Industrie of I'lillndclplilii. which li
In 'Ihc tdilcf fiial-preilueln!; State of the
UlllLn, te send te nnulitnd for cciil.
ljif Philadelphia Klcrtrle ('einpiiny has
bnnfcht about -."i.OOO tens and It N s-ald
tluil the I'nited (ins Improvement Company
Ulltljthe l'hlladelphla Knpld Trunilt Coin Cein
nanr have placed large order.
Ijie demand for ships In lCnglniid te carry
theie cargoes U lively, und in view of the
dram en the available supply of coal the
expirtlng firms have uilsed the price from
lxijence te a FliilllnK a ten. The freight
rote ncresa the ocean varies from elcht te
ten Jshlllincs a ten, which li lc-s than it
rnKth in hrlnp n Inn iif nnthrneitp from the
J cenlJ fields In Northeastern Pennsylvania te
thisl city.
ll Is fortunate that there Ms coal tn be
hntrT even if we have te go abroad for It ;
but the necessity for seins; abroad for It is
a sad commentary en our ability te manage
our own Industries.
"ANOTHER ROCKET FALLS
IP Wall Street nnd nil the big nnd little
men In it took the lessen of Allan A.
Ryan's $32,000,000 failure te heart they
Would be moved te agitate for a sort of
feace Commislen en the Stock Exchange.
Auxiliary te the Peace Commission would
DA it Police Heard with powers somewhere
elmllar te these Migges:ed for the interna
tional court of the League of Nations. Fer
kt was by mcrciles war that Ryan made
- M -money. I5y war he lest it.
Ryan began by making .0,000,000 out
lj of thin nir. He actually had the money
jji and bccurlties in bank after hli first great
V, rtleT en the Street In 1019. lie almost
(jj broke some of the Big Ones. But the Big
J)ns waited and watched until at lact they
pad'hlm in a corner. Then some terrible
work was done.
QQ' this is romantic enough. But what
St will again demonstrate te the public is
theijeutbreak of the gambling spirit in the
jweqd. of moving securities. It isn't pVas pVas
antjtfer people bothered by high price and
pari times te read of young men who can
0 jbut nnd clear .?.'!0,0r)0.000 in a few
Weals' and tuck It In n safe. The money
JBu4 come from somewhere, and there is a
S TJy general suspicion tnat It comes uiu
i J inly out of the pockets of people who
at live by honest hard work ami net by
f i eiiaws of chance.
8' i.!,eUnT ., . B
.ywuncn i i uiv i nc ivicnucpie
tterni:y grnkra'L datt.h.
EIITY'S opinion that tli" merger of the
pttwenem and i.ackawanna hteci ( empnnles
doetjinet vielnte the Sherman Anti-Trut Law
andjtknt the proposed merger of the Mid Mid
Talej the Republic nnd th Inland Steel
Cenj&anles W1U net violate it is likely te be
abated by the informed public.
Tie purpose of these mergers is under
stood te be te enable the combined com
panies better te cempe'e with the I'nited
States Steel Corporation. It could be
argited that they will cease competing with
one nanethcr, but It was never understood
thatiithe purpose of the anti-trust luw was
te pjevent two corporations from combining.
It was te prevent an unreasonable restraint
of lhue through the suppression of com cem com
petltyen, Corporations of one kind nnd another are
continually combining In order te reduce the
costjef production and Increase profits.
Their right te de this, se long as they de
net eek te form an exclusive monopoly,
must be protected.
$je 'federal Trade Commission h.is made
fernjnl complaint against the-e steel mer mer
;ersnen the ground that they Involve nn
nf4jr method of competition. It may,
i.erjfere, be necessary for the courts te
sutupen tlie ijiicstlen at Issue. Ne one
wllJIJbe se n.sh as te predict what their
findings will be.
i
-inAM vnil RF intrwTiiricne
rpijtRKH weeks age a woman became 111 In
$L Jtlie Biead Street Station and wns taken
;vj te r.ne rinnncmaun iiespuni, where she died
Wit l(p lit lielng nblc te give her name. There
waHJjnethlng about her by which she could
be identified and her body was taken te the
morgue.
A" physician, visiting the morgue last
WeeK, recognized the body of the woman
aa tjint of one of his patients. The friends
hnvq. been notified. If it had net been for
the (!hance view of the body by the phy.
wi v "mm, imc wrru uurivil in inu
Ctter s ncid unci tne tnends would never
?e unraveled the mystery of the woman's
dlMUnearance.
ji 'Tae moral of this Incident Is fn plain that
r H hardly needs te be stated. But if every
fontM'be leaves Ills or her home should carry
t' abpijt the ieren some paper by which
( l lrlAMelf' J,lllll llA ,llll.lt.nr.ll I.. ..nun t I
' denii or sudden and Incapacitating illness
utucn narrowing suuering would lie nvelded.
Wei"' Usually have some Identlfjing papers
bout tliem. nut women tee frequently
CUKt it.
ca.'
ilrRTISTIC SMALL HOUSES
tJj'iiCHlTKCTS liuve for years been draw
W,"!l" designs for smnll houses In the hei:
m
hope
V.tJutCthey might be used by builders In plaie
r.-..-li.- .ti. .t i . .
fc
. urniKim iiiiiue u) 1111 jiciuurs und
wHlieut architectural training. But
a made by the carpenters and masons
sue te be used.
latest mnnlfestntlen of the Interest of
ts In artistic houses has nppvared in
)rk. where the local chapter of the
m.
Pan Institute of Architects lias or-
a lmrcau which will provide plans
Vc and six room houses at u nominal
11 builders who will use them. The
fretted in (he movement sy that 05
the small beuses erected are
PK C
S.J - T V.-fl'T f ' '
S:,.t8n",t,,eut receur80 10 nn arcb,tcctfl
" wBf"?L "!?! 1! J,"?,
v... v.,i. fi... n.,i f..., n, .,irn.,; t
" - " -. ' ............ ................
suiau neuses, in tnc real estate niivcrusini;
pages of the New Yerk newspapers It is
evident tlmt If the services of nn architect
hud been ehtnlticd the houses would have
been miieh mere nttrnctlvc In appearance.
MR. SNYDER'S GREAT IDEA
FOR A BRIDGE BEAUTIFUL
Charley Himself In Bronze and Squads
of Marble Commissioners Would Make
the Structure Glorious te Seel
State Auditor General Charles A.
Snyder asked If there were te be medal
lions placed en the brldge bearing the
faces of the commissioners, se that nil
people could plainly see them. The Mayer
ngrcd nnd Raid that there would also be
a full history of each, with his antece
dents. News ltepert.
rpiIAT, thank Heaven, is done! Nothing
cNe greatly matters new. All's right
with the world. It Is nppnlllng te think
that In the rush and worry of these dis
tracted times the thing might hnve been
forgotten.
If Clinrley Snjdcr's elephnnt's-brenth
gloves and Ills check suit nnd his necktie,
like the wild dawn ever Southern sens,
could be rcpieduccd in bronze te daze and
inspire future generations one might feel
that existence, nfter all, occasionally may
have a perfect culmination. Even though
this cannot be, It Is necessnry te feel lifted
up by the suggestion of Commissioner Boot Boet Beet
tiger, of New Jersey, for life-size statues
of all commissioners of the Delaware River
Bridge "holding lights aloft" and the
serene assurance of the Mayer relative te
the medallions.
Medallions alone as memorial ornaments
of the Delnwarc River Bridge would be, of
course, piffling. This community, like some
ethers in the United States, Is se rich In
contemporary folklore thnt it is necessary
te acclaim Mr. Snyder for having called
attention te the Ineptitudes of sculptors who
fall utterly te rcilect It In lasting forms.
Medallions? Ne. Stupendous symbolic
groups Are the tiling. Fer there arc two
clashes of public men in control of public
affairs. Of one class the least said, en
medallions or anywhere else, the better.
The ether clas will net care nbeut the
medallions, which Inevitably arc placed
where no one ever Is nble te read them.
Statues of the commissioners ranged against
the sky Hke cherubim and seraphim will
alone he adequate te give the final note of
grace and significance te the bridge delgn.
Why, since you Insist en nrgulng about
It. shouldn't Macmennles be commissioned
te de a vast portrait composition depicting,
lit us say, "The Bridge Commissioners
Overcoming the Seven Monopolistic Devils
of the Philadelphia and Camden Perry Com
pany"? It is conceivable that a great
bronze of "Charley Hall Defying the Perces
of Political RUhUetiMicss" would fit be
comingly Inte the Hall-ef-Famc arrange
ment that Mr. Snyder has in mind and
ndil a tragic quality, but an Indispensable
one, te the general decorative scheme.
"Rebert J. Beettlger, of New Jersey, Dis
covering Pennsylvania." should be nobly
done. Any sculptor worth his salt could
make the little children of the future weep
with William Vare Bidding Geed-by For
ever te Seuth Philadelphia." Ami wc
should like te .see what Mr. G rally could de
with "Clinrley Snyder Defying the Law of
Political Gravity."
Thrilling pictures crowd a mind thnt gives
ltcelf for a moment te the contemplation
of Pennsjlvnnia politics as a field of
Inspiration for the graphic arts.
Wjilllam Penn has become a bit old
fashioned, and se has his statue en City
Hall tower. We might ns well let our
minds go neng with Mr. Snyder's und be
progressive and original. Artistic Interpre
tation of contemporary life need, therefore,
net be limited te the bridge. William might
be brought down from the tower. And In
his place there might be a forty-feet "Tem
Cunningham Enlightening the World."
We have In America a ratner brutal
habit of withholding statues from great men
until after they are dead. But any man
who is worth a statue ought te be per
niittcd the pleasure of gazing upon it and
seeing ethers gaze upon It long before the
gapers print polite falsehoods nbeut him
after ills funeral. It should be comforting
te n man llk Charley Snyder te go about
In moments of spiritual depression nnd
glance nt his portrait In marble proudly
fixed in a public place. He might take the
folks from home te see it when they come
te town. It would beclienper than buying
dinners.
Charley Is nlert but net original, nis
suggestion for an application of the clas
sical prinelple of architectural decoration te
modern structures Is net new. Something
of the sort was tried In Harrlsburg, where
the portraits of some of the political
bounders of i generation age are en the
bronze doers of the Capitel. But the Capi Capi
eol architects were tee reticent. The thing
might be done magnificently en the Deln
wnre Bridge; magnificently and large;
Charley should net be less than thirty feet
from spats te high hat. The sculptors
would, of course, be tactful. Nene of the
great men would be shown signing checks
or drafting expense accounts. The heroic
motif would have te prevail.
PRACTICABLE AIR MAIL
milE Impression thnt the Government air
service wns mere sensntlenal than prac
tical was deepened some months nge when
the Washington-New Yerk route, via Phila
delphia, wns abandoned. This view wns
nle the nntuinl reaitlen from the rosy hopes
popularly entertained concerning' new on en
trlvances und inventions. Expectations sear,
und when the anticipated icwilutleu in social
habits, In tinn-portntieii, In Industry falls
at once te materialize skepticism and finally
public indifference are the lestilt,
It mny therefore surprise Phlladelphlans,
denied the privilege of spying the postal air
man at sunset, te Icurn that, despite u ten.
centratlen of its activities, the United States
air-mall service is prospering nnd has te its
credit n year without n single fatality.
During n twelve months' fiscnl period,
which closed n few days nge, 820 miles of
pes'r.1 nlr routes were discontinued. At the
snme time, however, increased attention was
devoted te the most romantic of all the
"tuns," (he transcontinental lll'jht.
Planes traveling thn Sim Fnuii Inn-New
Yerk route, covered the enormous total dis
tance of 1,7(50,000 miles during the year,
transporting 50,000,000 letters welfhlnf
TO
EVENING JOTEIG
1,221,700 pounds. With such accomplish
ments, even though network of lines has
net yet been crcnted, nlr postal serrlc'cnn
hardly be called experimental.
Aviators fiew in every kind of weather nnd
ever mountains, deserts, plains, fields, rivers
and forests. The percentage of scheduled
miles Hewn was yl. During the previous
years, W'JO-W'Jl, there were seventeen
denths In the nlr-dcllvcry branch of the
PostelBce Department. ,
The splendid Increase of security, denoted
by no deaths and only miner Injuries te
pilots, should go far toward rehabilitating
the standing of the nlr service in the esti
mation of tlie public. It Is evident that the
Cievernment hns found long routes te be the
most pMi'tl'-ahle, which suggests the possi
bility that line; te Pnnnmn or Perte Rice
might lie established before phert runs, well
covered by "surface" expresses, such, for
instance, as connect New Yerk nnd Phila
delphia, arc restored.
But there Is nothing te show that the
Postefflce regnrds Its new transportation, nrm
ns a mere oddity of. transient vnlue. Kven
with only one line In opcrntlen ns much mnll
was carried last year as en the total of
routes for the fiscal term ending In the
summer of 1021.
WHAT GERMANY STILL OWES US
IT HAS been often snld that the United
States derived no direct material com
pensation or profit from Germany ns n re
sult of the World War.
The statement Is net exaggerated. Net
only has the American Government waived
indemnities, nnd thus kept clear of the ques
tion which has se seriously Interfered with
tlie reconstruction of Europe, but it lias
net even secured the satisfaction of the
claims of Its citizens whose relatives were
murdered or whose property wns destroyed
by the forces of Germany In contravention
of the rules of civilized warfare and Inter
national law.
Nn net ion lias been taken te adjust claims
of tlie families or representatives of Amer
ican individuals vvhe were lest In the Lusl Lusl
tenla or ether vessels destroyed by U-bents.
A policy of renunciation may be philo
sophically beautiful, nnd yet even a rudi
mentary sense of justice Is outraged In the
neglect of claims supported by ordinary
stnndnrds of morality.
Nearly n jear age the separate treaty of
peace signed by German and American dele
gates in Berlin expressly recognized the
validity of claims of citizens of the United
Stntes for damage by German depredations
nnd violations of the international cede as
understood before the conflict rendered it
practically Impotent.
Section ." of the Drosel-Resen Treaty
definitely stipulated that, unless specific
laws should be passed, no disposition should
be made of the property of the German
Government or of German nationals seized
by our own Government as a war measure
until Germany hnd made suitable prevision
for satisfying all Americans who suffered
injury te their persons or property, directly
or indirectly, as a consequence of German
acts.
It was generally believed Inst August that
a commercial and financial treaty containing
machinery for the adjustment of the claims
of Americans ngntnst Germnny nnd her
agents would be negotiated nt an early
date. Ne evidence of an attempt te frame
such a pact has been forthcoming.
Meanwhile, according te Sennter Under
wood, who strongly objects te the delay,
"claims have been allowed ugainst the funds
In the hands of the Alien Property Cus
todian at such a rate thnt It Is doubtful if
there will be enough property left te secure
American claims unless prompt action is
taken."
The Sennter from Alabama finds In the
Dresel-Rescn Treaty sanction for congres
sional action en this subject, contending that
the pact enables Congress te reimburse
American claimants out of the confiscated
German property nnd thnt this is one of
the reasons why he voted for the agreement.
He has therefore Introduced a bill direct
ing the President te name n commission of
six citizens te determine nnd settle the
claims of the United States or its nationals
growing out of the war ngnlnst Germany.
Mr. Berah's contention that the use of
ns much of the seized property ns Is available
Is unethical k met by the prevision of the
separate treaty, which in effect sets aside, ns
regards Germany, the old doctrine of the
immunity of private prepeity In war. The
Underwood proposal, moreover, hns the
merit of dispensing with the need of a sup
plemental treaty.
The majority of Americans are unques
tionably ppescd te ruining Germany per
manently by insistence en impossible in
demnities. But it is assuredly quite ns
immoral te ignore just claims ns it Is te
overplay the hand of victory.
It is estlmnted that the claims of this
Government nnd its citizens for outrages,
cruelties and injustices committed by Ger
many amount te nbeut $-100,000,000. If
the proposed bill Is quickly passed a con
siderable portion of this sura could he de
rived from present possessions of the. Alien
Property Custodian.
Te Ignore a debt, the satisfaction of' which
is involved in the duty of the Government
ns the guardian and champion of Itsicitlzens
when abused and oppressed, would be simply
a manifestation of inexcusable false senti
mentality. THE PORT OF CAPE MAY
SOUTH JERSEY Is beginning te be proud
of the development of the pert of Cape
May. The harbor is large and enfe nnd it
is rapidly attracting shipping which formerly
Ignored Its existence.
New England fishermen nre new running
In te Its piers te unload" their fish te be
shipped te market instead of returning te
tlie New England ports; und this summer n
steamship line running from New Yerk te
Philadelphia Is mnklng Capej May a pert
of call. Other steamships are putting in te
take en coal, and ships wlthi Internal com
bustion engines nre going tiiere te renew
their supply of gasoline.
Net even the most enthusiastic Seuth Jer
seylte expects the pert te rival that of
Philadelphia, but he docs ejpect It te serve
n lergc and Increasing mnrilline business.
Glasgow member of, British Parliament
suggests un amendment te the criminal law
decreeing thnt "every 'female aged sixteen
nnd under shall wear lmir either loose, or
plaited hnnging down the back." It may
be that among these who object te bobbed
hnlr there ure bome vvhe have bobbed
brains.
The American Central Committee for
Russian Relief, Inc., desires te be dis
solved. Americans nre showing unwilling
ness te subscribe, the court is Informed, Dis
inclination te duff up may net be wholly
unconnected with the antics of the Russian
delegates at The Hague conference.
Our pennyvvlhe Congressmen, of course,
never steeped te consider what Unde Sam
paid for the 2500 regular nrmy officers whose
removal they hnve ordered and have as
suredly forgotten all tlie lessens taught by
tlie war.
Nntlennl Industrial Conference Benrd
rays cost of Jiving, though 2,"i per cent lower
than the "war-time peak, is 55 per cent
higher than In Bill, isn't it n comfeit te
knew what alls us?
Ne h'j.1 !nlle lepertc will believe the
allen'atieii that tlie supply et iwirt will be
exhausted in thirty years. Seme reports are,
tee geed te be true.
'JkWjl99'v;ffT " "w PI;
',- H V-'V"
FERPHlfcAlijEipBflA, rMONDA'T, - JtJlilP; 24, 1
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT
The Empleye Who Has .Been an Em
pleyer and the Employer Who Haa
Been an EmQleye Have Under
standing Werth White
By SARAH D. LOWRIE
SOMETIMES when the pnpers are full of
strike news, ns they have had te be this
month, I get a biased sort of fear that the
thing never will come out right. Tlie
strikers won't get what they ought te hove,
the railroads and mine companies won't
make enough te keep capital Jnvested In
them, and the public will have te step at
home for lack of cars te travel In or coal
te make the engines turn.
Alwajs in these "clown times" the capi
talists leek big and bloetccrlo me like cari
catured monsters in comic take-offs, nnd
the werkmnn looms up ugly nnd scowling,
with bricks nnd bombs nnd silly, stubborn
faces. And then I think of the capitalists
that I knew nnd of t lie workmen; nnd they
arc ns alike as two peas and net bleated 'or
silly or vindictive nt all. Perhaps en the
whole the capitalists leek the harder-worked
and the less complaisant; certainly the less
enrofree. Here nnd there tip and down the
country I meet n coMbinatlen of the two
n workman capitalist, an ompjeyed em
ployer! A man that Is working for a cor
poration as "soulless" as a roilrea'd com
pany, nnd one working for himself under his
own sign of "Jenes & Ce." these, I think,
nre the most carefree men I've ever met.
ONE of them was a brakeman en the
Southern Pacific, who acted ns barber
for the passengers In a shop he had fitted
up out of part of n baggage car leading off
the diner, lie had invented n razor strop
and patented it, nnd en the long three-day
trip out te California he was able net only
te get in n great many shaves, but get off a
goodly number of strops. He made mere ns
barber than as brakctnnn, but being a
brnkemnn helped his barber trade.
Then there was the conductor en one of
the branches of the Sante Fc who was a
miner of his own mine half the year nnd a
railroad man during the tourist season. He
also added te his Interest In life by specu
lating In town lets, his pnsscngers being
very geed clients.
On the whole, however, the most genial
capitalist empleye that I met out West was
the one who was staying en his job ns con
ductor between Albuquerque nnd Kansas
City in order te get his pension, due shortly,
for n long life of service. His chief Interest
In life was his farm en the edge of, the
desert which he had made by irrigation in
seven years' time. It wns worth a clear
four thousand a yenr te him ns he worked
it, and lie could raise S,"0,C00 en It any day
that he chose te take his profits nnd go. He
hnd get the notion of Irrigating from talk
mi the train from his passengers and from
magazines in the observation car. And some
what ngnlnst the advice of his railroad
cronies he hnd invested in a tract of desert
neitr n convenient irrigation plant and
"gene te it" ns a truck farmer. Ills wife
wus Interested te join him, nnd they moved
out of their cramped quarters in the town
where the train crew was quartered, and
between his runs he joined her, nnd with an
empleye or two, probably Mexicans, they
worked the farm.
OF COURSE, out of a train crew of some
fifty hands, counting the porters and
stewards, this man with his outside business
was rather an exception. I fancy: but why
wasn't he the exception that could eventu
ally become the rule? One henrs occasionally
of railroad presidents vvhe begnn as brake
men. Why cannot mere brakemen use their
rnllrending for the basis of their private
business? They knew vastly mere about
the meney-mnking capacity of the read than
the bewildered youth who tries te sell you
Its bends. Would they be less geed as con
ductors if they combined ticket-punching
with n general commission en whnt Is te
be bold en the train? I suppose it takes all
of some men's brains te punch tickets, es
pecially en n suburban wny-traln; but en a
one-step train te New Yerk, for instance",
whnt becomes of the conductor nfter he has
sternly reft your ticket from you nnd gene
his way? It isn't as though he had te steer
the train en the tracks, as I always sup
posed he and the engineer took turns In
doing, and It is net nn though being ready
te take the responsibility In cne of an acci
dent involved one's sitting tensely alert en
the edge of one's seat. It is evidently pos
sible for n conductor te hnve business inter
ests outside his company's purview. Why
net give the compenj the advantage of that
interest inbide its purview?
I SUPPOSE thlsrts mere feminine reason
ing. But like the centurion in the Bible, I,
tee, nm n person under nutherlty who yet
says te another "go!" and he geeth ; a'nd
te yet another "de this," and ns sure as I
live he or shev deeth It. And that double
experience of Deing employed nnd ret of
employing has mudc me sure that It can be 1
done, and done te advantage for all con
cerned. Any housekeeper will say "amen" te the
general rule that in order te direct one's
servant it is very much the best plan te at
least de once with one's own hands, under
the conditions of ordinary' work, what you
plan te ask your empleye te de; just as It
is wise for every householder te sleep at
least once In her own guest room.
Well, then, If it Is geed for nn employer
te knew the yoke of service, at least ex
perimentally, why docs net the rule work as
well the ether way? What empleye would
net be made wiser and mere just If he could
learn the art of employing?
ONE of the "key" men of this country,
at present acting as the spokesman for
the corporation against whom the strikers
are waging their vver, has a son whom he is
training for life nnd, I suppose, te eventu
ally take bib place us an administrator of
capital.
New te my knowledge that boy has gene
te Europe once, nnd I think twice, ns a
stoker, nnd is new, I understand, en tlie
lowest rung of the lowest ladder thnt his
father con place him among his thousands
of empleyes, the idea being, of course,
that until he learns the responsibilities of
the underneath job he cannot gauge the
business from nn offices desk. But until the
man en the lowest stratum can gauge ut
cast by imagination the difficulty of the
iverk en the highest stratum, he, tee, Is nn
ignorant servant w-he "kneweth net what
his Lord deeth."
IT IS very annoying, net te speak of dis
couraging, te have te take time te edu
cate one's scrvnnts into being frlends In thnt
sense of knowing whnt we are really nbeut,
what is ahead nnd what are our plans and
rvhy but if jeu haven business thnt requires
servants, certainly nny trouble ever making
them efficient nnd content is pnrt of the
business.
The trouble that a strike entails is far
greuter than the trouble that everts a strike.
Of course, I hear letR of talk from one
type f wan nbeut wishing the public, nnd
especially the Government, would keep
"hands off" nnd let, there be n fight te a
finish. At least there was that talk among
seme ngents for big companies during the
war times, when the Government did "our
In." I can imagine my neighbor in town
who wns visited by the health officers be
cause her cook kept n singularly offensive
back yard wishing her neighbors who hnd
notified City Hall had kept "hands off."
But tlie smell of that back ynrd had escaped
ever the fence, and what should have been
the Indj 's business beenmc all the neighbors'
business.
Well, maybe there Is no nnswer te this
rapltal-nnd-lnber quarrel at present, no
nnswer that will suit most people, that Is;
but nt night when I nm welched down by
the "buck talk" of It all 1 like te call up
Ijcfete m, mind's eje ih brnkemnn who is a
c.ipllull) in' binber, and ilie riiiulili'liii' Ud
uwiis it mine Mini the ether one who is a
landowner uud writes "fc Ce," ufter his
same,
HW ."rTWVAWmBXWil iimw "fwas
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RfflBefi;-
,u.i.ilfitU!liMiW
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Knetv Best
CLINTON ROGERS WOODRUFF
On Growth of Civil Service
FEW things in tlie municipal life of
America have shown the growth in
popular estimation nnd In practical applica
tion that civil service hns. and this Is
notably the case in Philadelphia since the
prevision of the new Charter went into
effect, says Clinten Rogers Woodruff, presi
dent of the Civil Service Commission.
"The practical application of civil serv
ice," said Mr. Woodruff, "as well as the
principles of it, has been nccepted by munic
ipnlltles all ever the United Stntes, is being
ndepted by nn ever-increasing number 'of
cities, and up te the present time no city
which hns adopted It has ever repealed It
or sought a repeal. Where the Idea has been
submitted te a vote of the people, eh Is pos
sible In some States, the result has always
been substantial approval.
"The growth und the Improvements
wrought in the methods of applying civil
service have been tremendous in the Inst
twenty years. The original purpose of civil
service was only the preparation of lists of
ellgtbles, from which nppeintments might be
made; but this has very greatly broadened
when the possibilities of what It might ac
complish became apparent. This broaden
ing liadRpcrhaps been grcnter in Philadelphia
than in any ether great city.
Exit Academic Examinations
"In the early cloys the eligible lists were
made up as a result of what might be called
an academic examination, the book learning
of the applicant then being considered the
most important thing. This is still largely
the case with the Federal civil service, but
in the mere progressive municipalities, such
nR Philadelphia, New Yerk, Bosten nnd
ethers, un effort is being made te test out
thqreughly the fitness of the applicant for
the job desired.
"Fer example, take the "case of truck
drivers. Academic knowledge here Is of
little If nny use in ills daily work ; what Is
wanted is a man vvhe knows hew te drive
a truqu. in tnese cases new tnere is no
academic examination whatever, but the
applicants are given an opportunity te run
a truck before a beard of examiners whose
members themselves knew hew te operate
one. Of course, the character and experi
ence of the applicant nre taken Inte consid
eration, but outside of signing his applicn-.
tlen the man is net even nskeef te write.
"Personal fitness nnd experience nre the
determining factors in pollce work. The
police must mnke reports and applicants
therefer knew hew te write nnd hew, In a
measure et least, te express themselves and
tell what they sec. But there is no great
need for them te be informed nbeut suclr
things ns geography or arithmetic, except
in the elemcntnls, nnd the written examina
tion in these cases is playing every year a
smaller pnrt. The observation test bulks
much iarger In the examinations.
The Observation Test
"This 'test Is te find out hew much' and
hew accurately the applicant observes what
Is befere his eyes. He Is 'put into a room
nnd told te write just what he sees. Por Per
haps while he is there a man will enter nnd
place something in a drawer or take some
thing out, or perhaps a picture will be
slightly disarranged or a book placed 1n an
unusual position. Seme of the applicants
will write two or three pnges of what they
saw while in the room.
"In the case of detectives or policemen,
this test is of great Importance. They are
marked net only for telling whrft they ob
served, but also for the manner In which
they express themselves, se thnt it is really
observation plus report work. In the tcch
nicnl positions, of which the city has nn In
creasing number, of course the tests are
technical. The chemist is put Inte a labor
atory and asked te de something which every
chemist Is supposed te knew hew te de;
engineers roust solve engineering problems
and se en.
"When it comes te the highest positions,
a still different procedure la followed by
progressive cities. Recently there was a
vacancy here for Chief of the Bureau of
Surveys, an ?S000 place and ene of the most
Important In the city. There was no for
mal examination, but Instead what we term
n nnn 'assembled examination. Four topics,
such as city planning, sewerage, system, pe
nil i elating t the work of the Bureau of
Sunevh, wi'ie glen le tlie applicants, n
thev were allowed u month le prepare u
paper en the subject. Alter that came the
personal fitness test, In which each appli-
7AS IT APPEARS
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cant appeared before the beard In person
nnd showed by personal replies hew he would
denl with office conditions ns they arose.
"When it is realized that each month the
Civil Service Commission gets out from fifty
te seventy-five lists of cliglblcs. It will be
seen thnt a geed deal of ground is covered.
These lists deal with persons who will have
te solve city problems In health, pollce, en
gineering, transit, ndministrntien. clerical,
inspection nnd ether depnrtments.
"The beard certifies the names te the
heads of the departments by whom the ap
pointments are made. A person can be 'cer
tified out' as well as in. If his name ap
pears twice en a list sent te the department
find neither time he Is selected, that ends
his chance and his nnme Is automatically
dropped After oppelntment the man linn
ninety days in which te make geed. If he is
unsatisfactory during thnt period he con be
summarily dismissed without rensen being
given. After ninety days he can be dis
missed only en such charges as will bear the
semtiny of the law.
"The law under which we operate here
was passed In 1010, nnd is considered te be
the most ndvnnced of any in the country.
After about two years operation I can say
that it lias developed examinations which
are real tests of the fitness of the persons
for the jobs they seek.
Power of Dismissal
' 'Civil service bes also a certain amount
of jurisdiction In the matter of dismissals.
This problem is very important, especially
In the Bureaus of Police and FlrQ, where the
men form a soml-mllitery body nnd where
politics Is apt te play the largest part.
"In the old days the police heads had the
power of nummary dismissal nfter n secret
trial. In the Blankenburg Administration
the trials were made public affnirs, nnd new
under the new- Chnrter, a regular trial beard
has heen established, with tlie Civil Service
Commissioners sitting ns the Beard of
Judges. The defendant nppears, pleads, has
the privilege of counsel and has nil the rlehts
of a regular court trial. The Beard of
Judges finds the verdict nnd, if u be
'guilty,' determines the punishment.
"The defendant has also the right te an
peal from the findings of the beard te the
rcgulnr counts in case of dismissal; but se
far no man has availed himself of thnt privi
lege. The beard meets ence n week nnd
oftener If necessnry. At the prescet time
there is net n case before the beard which
hns net been disposed of.
Compared With New Yerh
"In New Yerk n single Commissioner of
Pollce sits os trial judge. It seems te have
worked out well there, but the benrd trial
seems te ine te be grently superior te trin
by one rami. The benrd trial gives a mero
complete review of the evidence nnd allows
the members te get different angles en the
various elements of the cases. The beard hni
also the right of review of nnv nimulL.':"
!.". a!JMi?.y,iK'B!'
4v mniiwecm in uiu man.
"The system as worked out in Phlladel
phla gives the greatest degree of justice and
affords the greatest amount of protection te
the men from political control. Tlie Com
missioners nre elected for four vears 1 v
Council, nnd therefore form nn independent
body. The turn-ever in municipal emnlev.
ment Is very much less than in nrivntn
business, nnd this is because of the liretcc
tlen which civil service gives. When it Is
considered that Philadelphia has 15,000 em em
pleyes, It will be rendlly seen thnt a larce
employment turn-ever would be nn cxnensivn
matter for the taxpayers." "Pensive
The great mass of the American people,
including unhyphenated Americans of Ger
mnn birth, will net question the nppronri npprenri
nteness of thn indersement of Senators
France, Lit Follette and Reed by the Ger-mnn-American
Nntlennl Conference. The
hyphenated could net de otherwise than in
dorse the diluted.
i I
Russian crop reports nre probably re re
spensible for, the failure of The Hague con cen
ference. It wns entered Inte in the belief
thnt the Soviet delegates would rctieat from
nn untenable position. Pmspeits of fnd
enreiiniged the Belshtvlsts te continue (M.r
tight-rope walking. Settlement is niereh
postponed,
Uncle S.1111 has awarded the l)IsM.
;u)nlieil eemec ('ions le .M.ijur Ru.uiii, ,(l
carried "u message te Garcia," But Elbert
car
Albert
Hubbard saw him first
SwwSffiBBPifflPSS
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W I, .. I., i 1.
SHORT CUTS
Force is sometimes a necessary erfl.
Limerick has been captured by Irish
regulars. Limping.
BUI and Henry continue te furnish the
comedy for the coal melodrama.
The President may yet find the right
ed te turn railing Inte railroading.
We apolegise feV anyklnd thlngi we
may have said about the Weather Man.
i. i -WfAihet fI?.m 9?,n dlspatchee that
he Is either a setting Sun or one in eclipse.
n tr,i ok ,s T?lUntt Geerge should
viril Geere be sufficiently young and
Hail Columbia! Twe mere tkipsteps
have been abolished en that Justly popular
avenue. tvuu
Wc judge from recent battle, that
patrenB of Dublin hetcla register at their
own risk.
The use of mall tubes win be resumed In
New Yerk October 1. Why should Phlla
delphia wait?
T.mreJ,s iW eugh coal combatants
are still deadlocked, for Uncle Sam may
have the key.
Mere trouble brewing. Water Bureau
wants water meters Installed in homes of
home brewers.
One thing a commission may hare te
determine is whnt property right a workman
has In his "seniority'
The per capita wealth of the country is
IJ4.01 less than last year. Seme bootlegger
probably has' the money.
Aw, shucks, complained the Chronic
Pessimist, even when n law has teeth they
are sometimes geld-filled.
Under the new financial arrangement
Germany will still held the purse, but the
Allies may pull the sfringB.
Tariff tinkers, we learn from Wash
ington, nre making considerable progress en
the hemp schedule. Hang 'cm!
What De Yeu Knew?
QUIZ
1. What In the southernmost city in the
United Stntes?
2. What is the name of the Presidents
yacht?
3. Te what nation docs Tripoli belong?
4. Which Is the fourth oek in the Bible?
. What Is the woolsack?
fi. Who was Alma Tndema?
7. What Is the correct pronunciation of the
word vizier?
8. Hew can the Heuse of Common ever
ride the veto power of the Heuse of
Lords?
9. What treaty ended the Mexican War?
10, What Is an equerry?
Answers te Saturday's Quiz
1. The Tropic of Cancer Is crossed in traT"
ellnir from Key West tcl Havana.
I. Twe long narrative poems by Shake
speare nre "Venus and Adenis" and
"The Rape of Lucrece."
8, An endemic dUease Is one regularly
found among a specified people or in
a specified country,
4. Hyperion In mythology was the father
of tlie sun nnd moon, Shakespeare
makes the name synonymous with
B. The surname Cockburn Is pronounced
"Cehurn" in England. t .
6. Cleopatra Is said te have been nbeut
forty-eight nt the time of her affair
with Mure Antony.
7. Threo commanders en the British side In
the American Revolution were Howe,
Clinten and Cernwnllla.
8. The use of coffee us a beverage was
Introduced from Arabia into Egypt
and Constantinople In the sixteenth
century. Leonhard Ilauvvelf, n Ger
man physlclnn, wen prebablv the first
te make ceffee known In Europe by
the account of his travels printed In
1H73. The first ccrffee hcuse In Lon Len Lon
eon was established by n Clreek nnmu
Pasquu In 10,"i2.
!). N vv Ymk .State has mero electoral votes
limn anj ether Klnte In n p eHlileutUI
1 1 dim Pennsylvania Is second
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and made Inte a paste, is uppllV te
the surface of pottery te form a giae'
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