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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
CTBUS H. X. CURTIS. PaMIDLf
Jehn C. Martin. VI r President and Trsssurerl
Trier, secretary! uniri'i ji. iuaina-
h. iceinna. jenn ii. wi'iiams. jenn j.
ueerc -. aeiasmitn, uuvia je. smuer.
ri
yA,VIP H. SMILEY. ,.:... , Editor
JOHN C. MAnTlN... .General BuslneM Manaer
Published dau at Pcci.le I.'tnemi Building
Independence Square. Philadelphia.
Avuime Citt. rre-Unten rtulMlnr
'nr Yen ...1.......304 Msdlaen Ave.
SmtetT , TO I Ferd HullJIn
Br. Letus ....013 Olobe-Dtmecrat rtulldlnf
CBIOAOO 1302 Tribune Building
NRwa bureaus:
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T Kaw TeK BcsiiU. Th Sun Building-
tax de Benin Trafalgar Bulldlne
flUMSCRIITION TE1U1S
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Sribsrs In rhlladelphta. and aurreundlnt town
t the rata of twelva UiO ctnta per week, ptrht
hp carrier,.
Vs?. m" ,0 Winta outside- of Philadelphia In
the United Statu. Canada, nr United Statu pos
sessions, postage free, fifty (30) cents per month.
IX (9) dollars per year, payable in advance.
Te all foreign ceuntrlei one- (1) dollar a month.
Neticb Subscribers wishing: address chanced
fcuit elvs old aa well an new address.
ELL, JOOO WALNUT
KEYSTONE, MAW 1M1
tAddrees nil comtmi-ilcfltlens Je Kvrntna PubHe
Ledger, Independence Square. Philadelphia.
Member of the Associated Press
, THE ASSOCIATED PRHSS (i exclusively en
titled te the use or repuWfcnllcm of all news
ilnpatchra credited te it or net otherwise credited
in (Ms paper, and also the local nnct published
therein.
All riehts of republication of special dlipatches
herein are also reserved.
l'hllxlrlphli, Silurd.r, Jul; 8. UiZ
LET THE BELL STAY AT HOME
PROPERLY tlie Liberty Bell belongs In
the Old State Heuse. Thrrc It linH the
tight bnckgreuntl nnd the nttnesplicre of
historical trntlitlen necessary for its com
plete significance. leslte uppcils etich n
tlint wbifh bas just Ik en 'brought from
Clilcage and grnntetl by (.'ny t'ctitn'II, n time
must conic when the illtpehitun of the poepln
of riillntlclphln te pre-ervc the bell from
the dangers of rniuinm junketings will be
translntcd Inte a lUeil law.
It has been held with some justice Ihnt
people, and cipcclnlly children, who haven't
the time or the means te come te Philadel
phia, from far parts of the country ought te
be permitted te leek occasionally upon the
most sacred relic of the Natien's lirst
birthday. Hut that doesn't change the
logic of the situation.
It is in the State Ileuse that the 111
ought te be viewed. AVc cannot move the
White Heuse or the Grand Canyon n&out
the country. Yet these things les-c none of
their interest nnd significance for that.
The British de net fend their crown
Jewels from Liverpool te Leeds and from
Southampton te Ilristel. Any mt.si'eIc Briten
would faint with anxiety nnd shame If you
suggested that the Great Stene of Scene,
the nearest equivalent te the Liberty Hell
that the Knglish can ben.st, should be trotted
around the island by politicians eager te
shine for a while in high hats.
That is precisely what we have a habit
of doing with the Liberty Iteli. It was te
have been expected that the City Council
would snap through a resolution for n
junket te Chicago with the bcli. There
was nn obvious fear of the deterrent effect
of public opinion. Hut Mayer Moerp acted
admirably In holding up the enterprise until
after a public hearing en Tuesday.
It is hardly te be hoped that the time
thus allowed will he adequate tn permit
public opinion te crystallize against n foolish
and dangerous enterprise. The bell will
probably go AVest nccetnpanlcil 'by the usual
crowd of official junketers, who will have
high old times In the places where the eating
Is geed. Hut it is about time that the public
took a hand in the matter. Accidents art
known te happen en the railroads. The bell
is cracked. And one of these days it may
fall apart and be put forever out of sight
because of the desire of some Cetincilraen
for geed times that don't cost anything.
I
HOW ABOUT THIS?
'ARE the State officeholders te he shnken
xTL down for campaign contributions after
all?
It leeks as if they were, for in the news
reports of n conference of political leaders
It Is announced that, while It has been agreed
that the Finance Committee of the Repub
lican State Committee shall net solicit sub
scriptions from the State officeholders for the
State campaign, there Is nothing te prevent
the political committees of the national Sen
ate and Heuse of Representatives or the
Republican National Committee from so se
llcitlng subscriptions te n fund te elect Sen
ators nnd members of the Heuse.
Senater Pepper is the national committee
man from this State and he is n candidate
for election in November.
Are we te understand that Senater Pepper
intends te countenance the held-up of the
officeholders in ertler te enlarge the fund te
be used in winning his election?
PUTTING THEM ON RECORD
TIIH purpose of the attempt te apply the
cloture rule te the debate en the Tariff
Bill in the Semite was sened when the
Senators were put en record.
The motion was defeated, with thirty
Democrats and five Republicans vitln'
against it. The opposition of the Dwnec ruts
was expected. They have been .nslstins all
along en debating the measure at length in
order, as they say, "te exhibit its Iniqui
ties" te the country At the same time thtv
have been denouncing the Republicans fur
their delay In passing It.
The five Republicans who joined with the
Democrats In opposition were Berah, Brnn
degee. La I'ellette, Moses nnd Nerrls, the
trouble-makers who refu-e te bubimt te
party discipline.
New li any one is curious about who j,
responsible for the delay the cUdeuce Is
available.
Mf'.iifi ten. Phlltn
KK4& iiwrwen,
E? V" 'r"""
jj GALSWORTHY OVER-ESTIMATES
j mHKHi: is no doubt that art, music, lit.
. i-miuii- iiim iuv emnia nave a civilizing
influence, but few persons will agree with
the statement by Jehn Galsworthy, a dis
tlnguished British novelist nnd dramatist, In
a recent address in Londen that "in bring
ing nations tescther the influence of art,
lltornture nnd drama cannot be ever-estimated."
Se far is this from being true that there
is nothing easier than te ever-estimate the
Influence upon International relations of art,
literature nnd the rest. German literature
has been read in Londen for n century nud
Germun plays have been acted In the Lon Len Lon
eon theatres, und the Germans hav admired
Shakespeare se much ns te claim him for a
. German. Yet Germany nnd Great Britain
went te war.
It would be interesting te knew hew
many centuries Mr. Galsworthy thinks na
tions would have te study the literature of
one another in order te make war between
them impossible.
As a matter of fact, wnr between nations
arises from a conflict of iuterebt, just as
, unr between Individuals arises from the
fcaine cause. Brethers brought up in the
Fame household have been known te engage
in bitter lights ever the disposition of the
property of their father.
If we nre te end strife among nations as
well as among Individuals, we must set about
increaslni; their spiritual Illumination rather
than broadening their Intellectual , outlook,
'nas
itW
And spiritual illumination Is the function
of religion, which appeals te the controlling
emottens.
THE FAIR IS STILL AN EMPTY
MYTH; MUST IT REMAIN SO?
Bungling, Apathy and Procrastination
Have Brought an Ambitious Project .
te a Serry Pass
rpiIB Scsqul-Ccntcnnnal Fair project is
bccelmcd. That idle "painted shlp'upen
a painted ocean" was motion Incarnate
compared with the befogged and benighted
craft typifying the World Fnlr undertaking.
The vessel is freighted with an excellent
Idea the celebration of a century and a half
of national independence.
But that is about the extent of Its cargo.
Phlladclphians have failed te prevision
the ship nnd they have supplied no propul
sive power. The doldrums in which this
new unpromising craft is imprisoned are
in the main man-made, Phlladelphlnns and
this charge embraces both the general pub
lic nnd the selected responsible manage
ment of the exposition hare made a mess
of the project te date.
It Is futile te gloss ever the lecerd of
Indifference, incompetence, blundering nnd
procrastination with fair words. Such a
policy has taxed patience te the uttermost.
This newspaper nnd, indeed, the entire press
of the city, hns been assuming that the
fresh breezca of progress would eventually
blew. These hopes, while charitable, nre
new shown te have been delusory.
Considering the demands of the original
proposal, first breached about two years age,
virtually nothing hns been accomplished.
Even the date for the celebration Is un
certain.
Except for n ceuncllmnnlc appropriation
of n few thousand dellnrs, which is new ex
hausted, and the inconsiderable sums de
rived from memberships in the Fair Asso
ciation, no money has been forthcoming for
the se-calicd enterprise.
Dissensions in the directorate and n high
average of public indifference have com
bined te held up even congressional sanction
of the project. The site has net been se
lected. It is true that decision was made
net te present the fair in Roxborough, at
League Island or at Heg Island.
Rut the boundaries of the Foirmount Feirmount Foirmeunt
Parkway situation have never been deter
mined. Nobody knows whether the alleged
promoters of the fair contemplate redeeming
both banks of the Schuylkill below the dam,
, the use of the Lemen Hill-Strawberry Man
sien areas, the Belmont Plateau, the West
Park or exclusively the Parkway and its
surroundings.
The fair lacks a director general. The
appointment of this indispensable officer
wns expected after the conclusion of Mayer
Moere's term ns bend of the nssoclntien.
The presidency of Jehn Frederick Lewis
proved te be merely a pinch -hitting ex
pedient. It led, apparently, te still deeper
confusion and nn utter negation of cap
taincy. Since 5Ir. Lewis' resignation the fair hns
been without nn executive. Many members
of the Beard of Directors, including several
who had sought te combat the deadly in
ertia of the situation, are distributed In
holiday resorts. Net even the rudiments of
organized publicity for the exposition ere
discernible.
Philadelphia as n community is far from
excited ever all this bungling. This un
emotional attitude mey be largely ascribed
te the deplorable fact that there was no
systematized exploitation of the fair pro
posal te stir interest or inspire imagination.
Aside from a few altruists nobody appar
ently enres n straw about the Sesqui-Cen-terrhial
save these individuals who detect in
the project the possibilities of personal
profit.
The conventional channel In which many
of such persons epernte is the political ma
chine. This instrument can hustle when
the pickings nre geed. Through Kb ma
lignant efficiency an anniversary fair can
be produced. Its character may be readily
and dismnlly imagined.
Such nn nffrent te tnste and te the dig
nity of the community ns the Nntlenal Ex Ex
eort Exposition of shabby memory could
be rapidly rigged up through the co-operative
resources of Council, the contractor
ring nnd "leading citizens" with predilec
tions for "hnrmeny,"
The arboreal ornamentation would be
plum trees.
Several courses are available in the pres
ent miserable muddle. First of nil, Phlln
delphlnns must decide whether or net they
really want a world fair In the natal city
of the Natien te commemorate ICO years of
progress.
De tiiey desire u third-rate show or one
In keeping with the historical ctent te be
signalized?
De they prefer n fair prepared, operated
and controlled by the Gang te none at nil?
De they still entertain the wish for n
truly fitting celebration?
In spite of all the stupidity and flounder
ing, that latter ideal is still attainable, at
the expense of untiring effort, civic sin
cerity and the generous expenditure of u
great deal of hard cash.
Would It bp advisable te defer the whole
thing until 1970 and te held a gorgeous bi
centennial? Will there be fewer elements of retro
gression and greed in tills city when promi
nent spirits of the' present generation nre
no mere?
A choice of options is Imperative,
The present stnte of the project is dis
graceful. Definite failure would be morally
superior te hollow premises and shallow
pretenses.
Is Philadelphia capable of doing the thing
In n big way? If It isn't, the sooner that
fact is realized and the whole scheme 'aban
doned the better for the town. We cannot
afford anything but the best.
THE LABOR BOARD IS RIGHT
THERE Is nothing new in the declaration
of the Railway Laber Beard about the
rights of wurknrs, but its promulgation in
official form gives te it a force nnd au
thority which It has net hitherto had.
That declaration is that If It be assumed
that empleyes who leave the service of u
rallien'd because of dissatisfaction with the
fffiTJ
X
EVENING PUBLIC LJ3D&ER-PBI
decisions of the Laber Beard nre acting
within their erlghts, then It must be con
ceded that the men who remain In the serv
ice and these who enter it anew ere within
their rights in accepting such employment;
that they, have the moral nnd legal right te'
enter such service nnd that they are en
titled te the protection of every branch of
the Government, State end National. d
This Is merely an elaboration of the
declaration made by the President in his
Marlen speech that no one has the right te
deny te another man the right tp work Where
and when he pleases. "
The principle Is fundamentally demo
cratic, but It has been denied In practice
many a time by men who professed great
solicitude ever the possibility of forcing
men Inte involuntary servitude. When It
Is respected In practice It will no longer 6e
necessary te swear In extra deputy sheriffs
or te call out the militia when there Is a
dispute betweea employers nnd empleyes.
DISCORD IN THE GLEE CLUB
THAT little lecture which President
Harding read te the members of his
party ever the heads of the Republican Glee
Club of Columbus, O., wns n new version
of an old speech en the Importance of party
harmony. ,
There would be llttle music, lie said, If
the basses insisted en special consideration
nnd fought the tenors because they did net
get it. He centinued:
The trouble In public life nnd in our
party Is that basses Insist en attracting
attention te themselves Instead of singing;
for public g-oed nnd party poed, Instead
of singing in harmony. I dem't care te
be a soloist because I nm President, but
somebody has te de the directing. If men
are net willing te sing te measure nnd
scere and te the director's plan of harmony
there would net be much singing.
He snld further that,n political party
could net accomplish much unless Its mem
bers worked together for a common end.
If we nre te abandon the party svstcm of
government the President's remarks nre
mere idle talk, but If the country is te have
recourse te one party or another te carry
en its business, the party in power must
hnve n definite nnd consistent policy and
its members must subordinate their pet
vanities nnd their pet hobbies te the greater
plans of the party as a whole. The blocs
that hnve been formed in the present Con
gress nre made up of men who Insist en
singing out of tune. They de net care what
becomes of the party program be long ns
they can put through their pet measures.
They are carrying out the logic of the revolt
against the power of the Speaker of the
Heuse a few years age, when Republicans
unwilling te submit te the rule of the ma
jority of their party combined with the
Democrats In depriving the Speaker of his
power te enforce the will of that majority.
It may be necessary for the President te
take the congressional majority by the
scruff of the neck nnd shake it into n reali
zation of its obligations te the ceuntrv He
would de It reluctantly, ns his Ceiumbus
remarks Indicate, but it is evident that lie is
beginning te see the necessity of doing
something of the kind.
THE POOR RED MAN
VTEVER ngain say that you nre as happy
11 '" n kin Kings aren't happy
nowedoys. They haven't been happy for
years. Say, rather, when the sun of geed
fortune is shining upon you nnd when all
Is bright nnd peaceful In your world, that
you are ns happy as an Indian.
The Indians seem te e the only completely
happy people In the United States. They
may be the only really happy people in tse
world. The Osngts of Oklahoma serve te
illustrate our meaning. Each mature
Osage draws money from the Government.
Seme of them, who have lands upon which
eVn?.n "" dlsceLcrJ. draw as much as
?-0,000 n year. These representatives of
our only leisured clnss ride in expensive
motorcars nnd de nothing from one end of
summer te the ether but eat, sleep, eat
Play games, eat, go visiting, ent, and ei
ceremonial dances.
It is the idea of the I. W. W. that ah
the people in i the country ought te live ns
the Osage Indians de. Unfortunately, how hew
ever, there Isn't enough oil te go round,
i '
VACATIONS IN TOWN
MORE nnd mere the cities arc coming te
compete ns summer resorts with the
onshore nnd "the green back country." An
improving system of municipal ethics, re
flee ed in expanding parks nnd lengthening
boulevards and free concerts and multlplvlng
clubs, as well as the ingenuity of the modern
lietel system, has hud much te de with this
jewnlnc paradox of fact. Yeu can hear
better music for nothing In nnd about Phila
delphia in the summer months than it Is
pos-ible te find in even the most nmbitleus
resorts which dedicate themselves exelu
Mvely te the business of entertaining
strangers. The concerts which the new
numclpal orchestra is te deliver nt Lemen
Hill, Strawberry Mansion and Belmont will
be among the most notable performances of
the kind ever known in this part of the
country The hotels manage wenderfullv te
innke the stay-at-homes cool and com cem com
fertahle. And even the streets in the week-end
period hnve n peculiarly spacious air. The
crowds are gene. The hurry is ever. And
you have a notion of being In a strange nnd
roomy place. And who has failed te observe
the manner in which the city, consciously
or unconsciously, is competing with the sea
shore Itself by opening up one "bathing
ground" after nnether within its own
limit?
Vacations of the conventional sort will
net go out of style 'because of this new
trend of municipal nmbltlen, since most
people have n habit of seeking relaxation in
change. But the parks and ceuntrv clubs
und the reef gardens will continue "te np
pcnl mere and mere powerfully te the folk
who lenlly And pleasure In peace. Vaca
tioning as we have learned te practice it is
Kimetlmes n pretty strenuous business. If
it were te be made compulsory, if there were
n rule te compel people te ride or drive ter
ten hours ever het and dusty reads, there
would be instant news of n new sort of
strike. It would be contended by some
passionate spokesmen for n multitude that
eight hours in n touring motorcar is nbeut
as much ns any one ought te Oie asked te
endure. If people were sentenced te lie out
upon het benches, pnrtly clothed, for rtv
or six hours en blazing nfternoens, we
should find ourselves contending bitterly
with a new clnss risen te complain ngalnat
the Inhumanities of the present order But
the way te get people te de hard e'r un
pleasant things is te convince them that
they arc thereby enjoying special rights nnd
privileges or advantages unknown te the
majority.
, Many out-of-town vacation places are de
lightful. The Jersey Coast, for example,
has many quiet towns ns vividly suggestive
of sea romance and as filled with true
waterside atmosphere as any of the Knglish
hamlets Immortalized by Mr. Jacobs. But
It isn't romantic character nnd suggestion
that the headlong vucatlenlst seeks. He
seeks excitement. He wants te be exhausted.
He aches te spend his money. Such de
sires nre uppermost In the minds of liulf
the people who go rushing away ever week
ends te leave n cool, tranquil nnd variously
amusing city nnd its environs te the foils
who are cither se peer or he wise that they
prefer te stay at home,
WW WWfP'il
MILLIONS IN SMALL THINGS
Hew Seme of the rUllretdt Gather
In the Coin Frem the "Penny-ln
the-Slet" Machlriei Venexu-
By GEORGE NOXMeOAlN
FEW of the millions who patronize the
various coin-dropping device in depots
and ether centers where the hdl polio! gather
Intermittently ever step te consider the huge
.sums that are spent en there trifling-things.
Chewing gum, peanuts, candy and choco
late are yended by the automatic, machine.,
The metal men, one boy called them.
Shee -polishing is nnether of the melt
lucrative businesses of the .smaller sort.
Cobbling Is nn advancement in the line of
chain establishments, and every one of these
places Is equipped with special service for
women, a thing unheard of fifteen years age.
These arc enterprises of the smaller kind.
They are net classed with the great cor
porations that operate chain grocery nnd
shirt stores. One grocery corporation con
trols fifteen hundred separate establishments
In four States.
Ner with chain drug stores and tobacco
shops, which pay millions In dividends an
nually. There are millions also in the little
things.
Ml
ATTENTION wns directed te this
during a conversation with a miner
official nt one of the largest railroad termi
nals In the East.
He was thoroughly familiar with the oper
ation of the various catch-penny devices.
The parcel room, he informed me, of his
particular railroad station has been for
years a perfect mint.
The- rends concerned in the construction
and maintenance of the terminal share the
profits.
Its shoe-shining privilege nets the Indi
vidual who holds the concession a profit of
ever $400 per month. That Is after all
expenses nre paid.
The "fceap, towel and comb" privilege
which is te be found in every depot in every
large city in the country is another big
source of income.
USUALLY ns seen as the railroad man
agement discovers the value of these
privileges they take ever the management
themselves.
The average price is five cents for beap,
towel and comb te the traveler.
In this particular railroad center there
have been as high us 4000 used towels turned
ever te the laundry between Saturday night
and Monday morning.
A little matter of ,$200 in thirty-six hours.
In one month the collector for a "Weigh
yourself for n penny" machine dragged out
of the coin -catcher $30 in coppers.
Five thousand persons had taken the op
portunity te weigh themselves.
That is nearly ten persons per hour,
counting eighteen hours of railroad busi
ness In n day.
THE legal prohibition of the public drink
ing glass was a godsend te certain paper
manufacturers.
The penny-in-thc-slet paper drinking
glass In every railroad terminal brings in n
nent sum weekly te the company and, ns
well, puts coin into the pecketr of the manu
facturers. Frem the railroad's point of view, how
ever, there is nothing te this.
On Pullmans and in nenrly every day
coach drinking cups are supplied gratis.
It is a stand-off te the catch-penny
scheme, with the larger figure en the wrong
side of the profit and less.
VENEZUELA is once mere In the grip of
her dlctnter.
The recent election, or se-called election,
Is proof of it.
When it comes' te dlctntlng an election in
our sister republic, Juan V. Gomez has
things tied up tighter than ever "Buck"
Devlin had in the Eighth Ward.
President "General' ' Gomez has had a
stranglehold en Venezuela for years.
He is by all odds the most daring of the
long line of executives who hnve exploited
that richly fnvered land.
Fer years, although he was but Vice Prcs
ldcnt, he ruled with a red of iron. The
President wns u figurehead and one of his
puppets.
The greatest source of Income te Govern
ment officials is from concessions.
The tenka, or vanilla, bean wns one of
the grentest concessions ever farmed out in
Venezuela.
.1 JJ 'a8r,.B.r1nt?d wlth the understnnding
that the Chief Executive, twenty-five years
age, should go fifty-fifty en the profit. I
funcy it's been fifty-fifty ever since.
CIPRIANO CASTRO, former President of
Vcnezuln, is living in abject poverty in
Snn Juan, Perte Rice.
He is described ns residing In n hovel
with the bnrcst necessities of life, and grown
gray and slovenly.
Retributive justice hns certainly per
formed Its work well in the case of this
Seuth American despot.
Ne suffering that he can endure, no
ignominy that can be heaped upon his head
will in the slightest make up for the wretch
edness, suffering nnd death he inflicted upon
his fellow countrymen while he was dictator
of Venezuela.
President Guzman Blnnce oppressed the
people by filling his coffers while he wns
chief executive. '
He endeavored te immortnllze himself by
erecting statues of himself in Caracas, Va
lencin and ether cities. In a mild way he
was a dictator, but net a bloodthirsty,
remorseless and vengeful tyrant like Castre.
After Blance's death the Vcnezuclanes
tore down Blance's stntucs and hooted his
name.
Except te these who shared in the pro
ceeds of his pillaging, Castre's name ia
hated In Vcnczucln.
Once, while in Caracas, I was told that
Joaquin Crespe, the nimable, brave and
fearless President of twenty-five years nge,
every day hud a thousand dellnrs in geld
sent te Millcfleres, his residence, for the
expenses of tin (lav.
Castre, I have since been Informed, every
dny thnt the Treasury permitted, allotted
iiimsclf $5000 for ills dally expenses.
It was gossip of Caracas, anyhow, whether
true or fnlse,
Clpriane Castre had nn ill-concealed
contempt for the United States, and yet
he becks protection and a home in his
wretchedness under her flag.
"Yeu fill me with gratitude!" exclaimed
ex-President Taft te the cheering British
when lie wns preparing te depart for home.
That is nice te hear. It nlse has a reassur
ing sound. The British have a joyous habit
of filling notable Amerlenns with ether
things than gratitude if the internal evi
dence of many speeches delivered in Londen
during the last few years means anything.
Briefly, the trouble with the coal situ
ation is thnt while every one is eager te
settle every coal strike, no one ever tnkes
the trouble te remedy conditions from which
strikes nrise. If you nre content te run a
luwn mower ever the weeds in jour garden
Instead of pulling them up, you will have no
right te ceinpluin when weeds grew thicker
eery yenn .
If you like te be appreciated nnd es
teemed de net remind any typical house-,
holder that the coal supply is swiftly
dwindling nnd that the prices, of itnthrnclte
inuy emulate the row in a month or two
and jump ever the moon. Observe hew de
lightfully warm the weather is!
The idea that the Liberty Bell is the
property of the entire American people Is
capable of development, Theru might be
enough pieces te go around among a con cen con
slderuble number of citizens' should the
precious trophy be smashed te smithereens
en one of its reckless pilgrimages,
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NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Knew Best,,
KENNETH L. M. PRAY
On Responsibilities of Citizenship
fTIHE real responsibility of the citizen does
net end when he has voted for competent
men te ennct the laws, according te Ken
neth L. M. Pray, executive director of the
Public Charities Asseclatl6n of Pennsyl
vania. The citizen must take a far deeper
interest in the affairs of the city, State
nnd Nntlen than this If he wants te have
the best government.
"The citizen cannot wash his hands of
his full responsibility' ns a member of the
Commonwealth," snid Mr. Pray, "when he
has merely elected the men who shnll rep
resent him nt Harrisburg. The citizen Is,
in the end, responsible for the policy of
the Government, nnd his representatives
ennnet net efficiently nrid for the best inter
ests of nil unless the citizen himself hns a full
understanding of the nnture of the legisla
tive job te be done nnd will co-operate in
It wherever that is necessary.
"In all work of this kind, much depends
upon the development of a sympathetic
opinion en the part of the public, without
which enforcement of any law Is Impossible,
as well ns a careful scrutinizing of what
has and is being done, in order te effect
n sound policy. It hns been well snid that
members of n democracy may delegate power,
but cannot absolve themselves from respon
sibility. Officials Anxious te De Well
"This is true of every branch of govern
mental activity, but is . especially true of
welfare work, whether of n community or of
n Stnte, ns this is a field in which the In
terest and the co-operation of the citizen
arc absolutely necessary for the development
of n sound policy. Thnt kind of public co
operation Is net only helpful te every one,
but it is also nn antidote te the formalism,
routine and rigidity of governmental admin
istration. "The average public official Is just ns
anxious te de n fine job in creating nnd
administering the lnws ns the average citi
zen is te have it done. But the difficulty
lies in the fact that he cannot go faster or
de mere than the average opinion of the
man in the street wnnts done. Therefore,
the officials of any intelligent administration
with the public wclfare nt heart welcome
the type of public understanding which will
give them constructive nssistnnce,
"The officials themselves cannot move
faster or de mere than public opinion snnc snnc
1lens, because they are limited by the law,
which in itself is n creation of the aver
age opinion of a community. Official
propaganda Is semewhnt under suspicion in
these days, nnd, therefore, the 'only resource
of the nlert official is te have the co-operation
of that large nnd growing proportion of the
citizens who are anxious te bring the aver
age opinion of their community abreast of
the best opinion of the times.
Hew the Law Advances
"This, in turn, leads te the gradual ad
vancement of the lnw, and with this ad
vancement the public administrator can
constantly de mere nnd better work. Thus,
the representatives of a community repre
sent rather accurately the trend of senti
ment in that place, '
"The legislator is always pressed by de
mands for funds for nil types of enter
prises. He hns only no much nt his dis
posal and he is, therefore, bound by all
the dictates of geed common sense, geed
public policy nnd geed morals, te put that
money where it will yield the greatest return
nnd, nt the same time, te use it in ways
which will have the general public ap
proval. This is one of his most difficult
problems, and, if he desires te solve it te the
best of his abllltyi he will be, In n large
measure, guided by public opinion. When
such opinion is intelligent and clearly ex
pressed, the legislator finds it of the utmost
value.
"Unless the public hns n real appreciation
and understanding of the necessity for the
expenditure of large sums qf money In cer
tain important fields of welfare work, the
Legislature has no right te appropriate such
amounts for this purpose.
Making the Public Understand
"One of the biggest tasks of our own as
sociation hns been' te awoken the people of
the State of Pennsylvania te n fuller reali reali
sateon ;of the necessity of making belter
prevision. for the care of ,the feeble-minded.
In order that the Legislature may be justified
la 'making larger appropriations for this
purpose. We have taken a number of ways
te de this, one of the most effective of which
wns a traveling exhibit, which went into
twenty-five counties, end wns viewed by
mere than n quarter of a million ndult
residents of the State.
"Most of these who saw this exhibit be
came convinced of the necessities of the sit
uation, nnd they In turn speedily renvinced
their legislative representatives of the same
thing and the justice of a larger appropria
tion. This is a practical Illustration of
what I mean by the responsibility of the
citizens In Stnte welfare work and the
manner in which they 'can 'make their con
victions felt.
"The State Deportment of Public Wel
fare at Harrisburg, recently established,
has a finely advanced policy in many fields,
but it wns the awakening of public respon
sibility thnt made the department possible.
The people felt the necessity of having the
whole welfare movement in the Stnte placed
in the hnnds of n central, specialized or-
? animation te de the supervising and stimu stimu
nte the work throughout the boundaries
of the Commonwealth.
"But the deportment cannot fully achieve
the effects of the policy which It has laid
down unless it hits the continued nnd steady
ing support of public opinion, which regis
ters Itself through the members of the Legis
lature. Prevention Better Than Cure
"This sustaining influence, if one of ap
proval, will prove of inestimable value te
the department In carrying out its policies
in such mnnner ns will make the public
realize the importance of its work.
"One of the most important effects of
this public awakening te its own respon
sibilities Is going te be, nnd, in n measure,
already is, that the communities of the State
arc beginning te realize that prevention Is
cheaper nnd generally mere effective than
cure. The most important task is net
the physical uplifting nnd helping of these
who are down, but of building up the kind
of n social life and institutions that will
prevent these people, as largely as possible,
from falling nnd thus increasing the army
of the dependent and the unfortunate.
"This holds true of every branch of the
work, of physical health, of delinquency, of
family welfare, of unemployment, of child
welfare and all the ether phases of the
social problem.
"Therefore, I maintain that nil welfare
work, te be effective te the last degree, nnd,
for that matter, te be effective even te n
far less degree, depends ultimately upon
the sense of responsibility which the public
feels for the job. An nlert. intelligent pub
lic opinion, which knows what it wants and
expresses itself clearly, will result fn nn
alert, Intelligent welfare administration.
A public opinion which is unalert nnd un
intelligent will result In an unnlcrt and
unintelligent administration. As in most
ether cases in which the public has the
last word of authority, it can have whatever
it wants,"
Today's Anniversaries
1822 Percy Bysshc Shelley drowned in
Gulf of Spczln.
1827 The. survey of the National reed
was completed te Indianapolis,
1838 Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin, In
ventor of the airships used by the Germans
In their raids en England, born in Baden.
Died In Berlin March 8, 1017.
1847 The Union, the first of the French
Irons-Atlantic steamers, errlvcd at' New
Yerk.
1851 James Stunry, notorious robber
nnd murderer, executed by the Vigilantes In
San Franclscei
1804 President Cleveland issued a nroc nrec nroc
Initiatien warning unlawful assemblages of
Jutrfd'Srse"'1 t,ielr WW-" a
n7yPerftU?ne S l&'ua
Gama for the Indies. ' Ufice Ua
Today's Birthdays .
i J.?l,n P: Rockefeller, capitalist nnd nhl nhl
lantlireptst, born at Richford, N. Y lCM ti.
three years age, " "'""
Hen. Jacques Bureau, Minister of Cn'
tome and Excise In the Dominion Cabinet
born at Three Rivers, Que., sIx'tT-'tSs
Harry Ceckshult, Lieutenant Goterner nf
yl'a ageb0,n ut "rnmfer"' '"'. 'ft""four
Frank B. Brandegee, United Sim.. m,.
SeBSJSifiS
What De Yeu Knew?
QUIZ
1. Hew many seats are there In the Unite!
States Senate?
2. Where is the land of Oman?
8. Were street cars ever named Instead of
numbered?
a ivnn wee T.tM4 HmmJ. a...4Ak
e..:ui.."i.vr."L'.," -" i j
5. Where is the Tatrus -River?
6. Who said "Liberty must be limited ta
order te be possessed"?
7. Who founded the ifirst botanical garden
in North America?
8. In what year did Napeleon Bonaparte
become Emperor at the French?
t. Frem what is the word chtnu derived?
10. What Is meant by "Old Christmas Day"?
Answers te Yesterday's Quiz
1. The cloture rule of the Senate provides
that if nt any time a motion te clew
debate en a pending- measure is mads
at the Instance of net. less than six
teen Senators, that motion shall be
PU,J ? a ..vote n the day but one
following that en which it was orig
inally mnde. If the motion shall be
adopted by a two-thirds vote, It shall
become unfinished business until it Is
disp,?scd ?' Thereafter no Senster
shall speak mere than ene hour, In-
clusive, en the measure, en amend
ments te It, or en, motions related
i.!'". Ne amendments may be sub
mitted save by unanimous consent,
no dilatory motion shall be made and
a. Points of order shall be decided
without debate.
2. An pell-de-beeuf is a circular or evl
window; a bull's eye. .The name li
.French nnd literally means eye of ex.
5. A satyr In classical mythology was a
woodland deity, having goatlike ears,
pug nose, short tall and budding horns,
and af a wanton nature.
4. The Remans numbered their years from
the founding of Reme, a date equiva
lent te 753 B. C.
6. The President of France Is elected every
seven years. ,
6. New Zealand la the largest possession
of Great Britain lying- exclusively In
the Seuth Temperate Zene. In this
reckoning Cape Province, In Seuth
Africa, Is regarded aa part of the
Union of Seuth Africa, which extends
across the southern tropic line. The
Southern States of Australia are la
the Seuth Temperate Zene, but the
Commonwealth, of which they form
units, la partly In the tropics.
7. Jehn Adams was the longest lived of
American Presidents. He died en
July 4, 1826, at the age of ninety years
eight months and a few days.
8. An Amerind Is a member of ene of the
native races of America, an Indian or
an Eskimo.
9. Utopia refers originally te the Ideal
commonwealth which Sir Themas
Mere called by that name in his fanci
ful work, Issued in the sixteenth cen
tury. 10. Jupiter is the largest planet of the solar
system.
SHORT CUTS
Glance at the sreets and the outgoing
trains today and then tell us who It was
who snld that Americans are working them
selves te death.
Persons who enn't remember what a
cloture is are relieved of their worry by the
congressional decision te de without that
legislative expedient.
The Stnte botanists have decided te
make war en wild garlic. Considering the
offensive put up by the tame varlety, some
terrific battles may be expected.
There is mere than the sound of a name
te suggest u fundamental resemblance be
tween Mayer Oles, of Youngstown, O., who
quit his job in a fit of temper, and Ole
Hansen, the vanished here of Seattle. Beth
men talked tee much and had tee little te
say. ,
Will II. Hays has delivered another
speech describing reforms of an elaborate
sort thnt are being put into effect in the
movies. Se many peepje arc out te reform
the movies and nre attacking the task with
such relentless earnestness that, before we
knew it, the movies may net be worth re
forming, The story of creation was told in a few
words, Lincoln's Gettysburg speech w
delivered in about three minutes. It tike8t
Senater of the United States at least fif
teen minutes te move for adjournment, ""
no one in Congress seems able te say any
thing of moment In less than half a ey
Thnt is one of the rcuseus why publlf epin
ion would favor a permanent step -talk ruw
in the Senate.
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