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TO ASSURE PROSPERITY FOR ENTIRE NATIO
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Veteran Head of Baldwin 9s Works Says
Shortage of Laber, Railroad Cars and
Locomotives Means Country Must
' Step Talking Gloomily and Keep Pre
ductien Humming
"GOOD TIMES REALLY HERE"
AND BUSINESS IS WAITING
AT FOUR CORNERS OF EARTH
"World's Greatest Salesman" Asserts
Creakings of Pessimists Are Out of
Place and Tells of Real Wees of Euro
pean Nations te Start Trade Revivals
THE UNITED STATES will face
"One famine will be a shortage of labor, another will be a shortage I
erf railroad car3 because of the tremendous volume of freight te be hauled, '
nd the third will be a famine of locomotives, for the same reason."
Thi3 is the optimistic view of Samuel M. Vauclain, president of the ,
Baldwin Locomotive Works, and Mr. Vauclain ought te knew. '
The locomotive builder has traveled far and seen much, and the re-
tult of his observations is simply this "prosperity is net en the way; it j
la already here."
Mr. Vauclain sat in the inner room
of his office suite at the Baldwin Lo Le Lo
emotivo Works, Bread and Spring
Garden streets, and gazed out of the
window at the ceaseless stream of
automobiles going past.
The office building itself is of an
other day, and seems mere like the
substantial parish house of some
prosperous church than a modern
business office. Mr. Vauclain himself,
1b his gray frock coat and silver hair
lecki v've like a clergyman than
the live-wire modern business exec
utive that he is.
It is when he begins te talk, how
ever, that the business chief comes
te the fore, and the dynamic per
sonality of the man expresses itself
In sharp sentences uttered with all
the emphasis of absolute conviction.
It was a het day, se Mr. Vauclain
took off that coat, and sat in his
hirt sleeves.
"Everywhere I go," he said, "peo
ple ask me the same question. They
want te knew when they will be
busy again.
"Why, man, we are busy new."
Prosperity Really Here,
Net Coming, He Asserts
He slammed his fist down upon
the table.
"We're busy new. There is no
country in the whole world that is
enjoying such prosperity as these
United States of America. That is
a fact, and it would be realized If
people would only leek at the mat
tar hi the proper light.
There is only one thing te do de
go ahead and be busy, forge ahead,
find a way te de business; why there
was never se much te be done in the
eaantry as there is right new. That
la an absolute fact.
"Of course, there have been things
that have militated against a mere
rapid increase in business several
insane ideas partly put into opera
tion, resulting in general business
debility and retarded confidence. One
of these was the clamor for lower
ateel prices. The ether was the de
termination of people net te buy
until prices became lower.
"The result was that there was a
panic among the steel manufac
turers. They worn afraid of losing
their organizations. They did net
want te see the fabric built up
through the years dissipated. Se
they lest money rather than leso"
their organizations, hoping te hang
ea until the business revival came.
"Well, they miscalculated the dis
tance they had te travel, for the period
i of deflation extended ever tee long a
period and this resulted in an absolute
leta In the operation of their plant.
There is net one of them today that
la able te make ends meet."
,!. Vauclain paused te give elree
tJsaa te one of his executives.
Ten see," he resumed, "the situ
jtlen waa simply this the steel com
panies cut prices, but railroad rates
Were net cut, labor's wages remained
Ugh and raw material prices were net
any lower. Then came the clamor for
fewer" working hours in the steel 'in
dustry. In fact, everything was done
te Increase cost of production instead
of lowering It.
"Then came the coal strike, decreas
ing the available supply of high vola
tile, coal for gas, wltl. an added ce.it
f the product or tiu nuns in cense
quence. Because, you bee, for every
three famines In the fall.
Don't Bury Savings,
But Shew Confidence
by Spending a Little
tfJTHIS country is all right,
even with prohibition, and
even at that no man who want
a drink need go without it."
This is the philosophic outlook
upon life of Mr. Vauclain.
He believes that prosperity is
net only en the uay, but is
actually with us new. If any
one deubt3 it, he points out, all
he needs de is go up te Bread
street and watch the automobiles
go streaming past.
He believes people should
show their confidence in the
country by placing their funds
in business enterprises instead
of sinking everything in Govern'
ment securities, and he believes it
is a geed thing for a working
man te buy an automobile if he
can; it sheivs the workingman
has confidence in being able te
earn some mere money te make
up what he has spent en the
machine, and leek at the fun he
and his family have.
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Vauclain, "Apostle of Prosperity"
coal, the cett of producing
Increased another dollar.
"Se the difficulty of the steel man
I was tj have prices advanced, for there
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te grab another straw, and te quete
low prices, and te hang en a little
longer, Just te get the orders, and this,
of course, prevents a price advance,
and a continuance of the losses.
Steel Is Real Backbone
Of Natien's Prosperity
"Yeu must remember that this Is a
steel country pre-eminently, and these
matters are of vital concern te the
whole country. Steel Is the one great
basic Industry of the nation, and it It
Is operated at a less It Is bound te
depress every ether business, even If
It Is being operated upon a profitable
basis.''
At this point a soft -footed secretary
came In, touched the locomotive build
er en the shoulder and reminded hlra
that he had an appointment.
"Yes, yes, all right, In a minute,
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Baldwin's, for instance. We are trying
te meet the situation here.
"We have gene along, and continue
te be prosperous, en a starvation basis,
I'll admit. Fer locomotive builders,
you see, are the last te feel a wave
of prosperity. The railroads must have
a surplus of business before they begin
te leek about for additional locomo
tives te haul It,
"Therefore, general business must
pick up first, the railroads must find
themselves crowded for rolling stock,
and then they go into the market te
buy and the prosperity wave reaches
us."
By this tlms there were two secre
taries en the job, walking uneasily up
and down In the outer office. The chief
watched them out of the corner of his
eye, but kept right en talking, evi
dently hoping against hope that they
would net coma In and drag him out.
"New," he continued, "there Is an
other thing that militates against the
general business situation. That is the
scarcity et common labor.
"Oh, it Is a fact, common labor Is
getting te be as scarce as hen's teeth.
As a result everybody Is spending
capital te devise ways of going along
without the usual amount of unskilled
labor. Fer one thing, it Is net te be
had, and for another, It Is high-priced
and no geed when you de get It,
law limits It. As a result the manu
facturers and that Includes the
farmers, tee, for the farmer Is a manu
facturer as well as any of the rest of
us the manufacturers are deprived of
gecd labor, for the people who knew
hew te de this class of work cannot
enter the United States. And our own
American people are busy educating
their children and their grandchildren
se they won't have te de work of this
kind any longer.
"New, that is very commendable and
ambitious. But don't forget we can
not have all the peeple doctors and
bankers and lawyers and stock brokers
and storekeepers. We need producers
and all these ether people live off the
workingman. Seme peer devil out there
In the shops Is working long hours te
support these people."
Recalls His Own Days
Spent as a Laberer
Mr. Vauclain became reflective,
probably thinking et the days he worked
In these sarae shops himself.
"We must be fair about It, hew
ever," he went en. "All these non
producers are vitally necessary te the
health, the happiness, the comfort and
even the longevity of the working pee-
nle. The doctor, the storekeeper, the
lawyer, they are all necessary! even
the movie man Is essential te happiness,
It Beems. It does leek aa though they
cannot get along at all without the
movie man.
"Se, the condition of the working
man reflects the condition of the coun
try. Aa for the Baldwin Locomotive
Works, I am net putting en any mere
men te work here. This is se I can
give the maximum wage te the men new
en our payroll.
"Conditions are such In the country
that a workman must have a decent wage,
and I am anxious new te get enough
work In the United States and abroad
te be able te pay them decent wages
net as much as I would like te pay
them, perhaps, but as much as I pos
sibly can under the circumstances.
"Yeu wonder whether the country
Is prosperous? Jimt leek out that win
dow there, and watch the automobiles
going by. Why, I was driving home
and we passed an automobile bearing
the license tag GC0,210;Jfast' think hew
many persons In p Pennsylvania, hare
automobiles. In fact, all who can afford
It have bought automobiles. They hare
bought them whether they work In a
bank, office, or store. The whole country
today Is en wheels.
"That means the whole country te
day lives ten times as fast as It did
'when I was a boy fifty years age. In
these days we walked. We never bad
the money te pay carfare with, and as
a matter of fact In most places we bad
no cars te ride In. I could get te work
here at this plant In these days, from
Twenty-ninth and Poplar streets, In a
bob-talled car, if I wanted te ride, but
I could come down Pennsylvania ave
nue and thence te the plant afoot, much
faster.
"Nowadays, our average speed Is se
much greater. Then It was 2y& miles
an hour. New we de our business at
the rate of twenty-five miles an hour.
Why, we think nothing of It te jump
a train, ride te Chicago, transact our
business, and come back the next day.
In the old times it took ten days te
make the Journey, and then It took
Vauclain showing ".his beya" hew te build a locomotive
ten mere days te recover after the trip
Vas ever.
"New that Is Just why prosperity
looms here. We are an active and en
ergetic people, if we would only rea
lise it. The big preposition new Is for
everybody te realize that there Is plenty
of business in the country, and In the
world, If we will only leek for It. We
will then find that business Is just
what people want te make It."
The anxious secretaries made their
Be Cheerful, Is Vauclaln's
Answer te Pessimist Army
ttfONFIDENCE
in the fu
ture," says Mr.
Vauclain,
"ia absolutely necessary if tve
are te have a much mere general
prosperity, even, than we have
new, or te maintain the present
gait.
"We have a coal strike en
hand. All right. Even with tliat
take the reports of the Baltimore
and Ohie and the Pennsylvania
Railroads. Their merchandise
traffic has increased, se much se
that their freight traffie is great
er new than before the strike.
New just imagine what their
traffie will be when they get the
coal traffic back.
"In the fall we will have three
famines, one of labor, for there
will be mere buzinest than labor
te handle it, there will be a
famine of care en the railroads
when the coal and grain traffie
starts, and last, there will be a
locomotive famine.
"Then, also, the natural
gretvth of the United States is
several million people annually.
The general business fust te
take care of these extra people is
enormous. They need houses,
clothing and all the necessaries
and luxtiries of life. Their wants
are many, and we re'jeice that
such is the case; we are glad
people are living better than ever
before,"
appearance again, and were waved
aside. Despairingly they moved away,
te lurk In the vicinity.
Must Please Customers
te Keep Foreign Trade
VBemember,,we don't have te try te
please the customer with what we make
let's go out and find eat what the
customer wants and make that," Mr.
Vauelainpursued. "The customer is net
a damn rascal, you knew. He Is at
least Just as honest as we are. Upen
that basis we are doing business with
Siberia, Poland, Rumania, China,
Japan, many foreign countries. We
are doing business with their business
men because we have confidence in
them.
"Confidence that Is what everything
must be based upon in the business
world.
"This corporation has been persis
tently spending money In the United
States, reducing costs of production,
doing' away with a certain amount of
labor upon locomotives. Bitter work,
less labor te de It, Is the goal. Fer we
realize that labor in seen going' te be
the scarcest commodity in the United
States.
"We have te de It, if we are te cut
even. But the situation will mellow
out.
"Our business men should have con
fidence In the future. They should put
their money Inte the Improvement of
their facilities. If they cannot get
common labor they must devise means
for the use of skilled labor only in their
plants.
"Te illustrate my point. I recently
saw a man digging a cellar by the use
of a Ferd tractor and a plow. New,
when Mr. Ferd designed his tractor
he did net Intend It te be used for
digging cellars. However, the builder
wanted te erect a house, and as he
could net get labor te dig the cellar
he used the tractor te de the work for
him, se the house could be built by
skilled labor,
"It Is my opinion that before long
skilled labor, upon the ether hand, will
be a drug upon the market. I can
hire a college graduate for half the pay
I have te give te knights of the pick
and shovel, men ready and willing te de
that dlsagreeable work If any work Is
really dlsagreeable. Fer my part, any
work Is all right with me; It should
be a pleasure for peeple te work."
Then the locomotive builder waxed
reminiscent.
"Why, I recall, even when I was a
boy, plumbers get big Mages. They
get big wages because they had te
work In holes and trenches, In mud and
water, down among the pipes, and no
body wanted te touch that sort of work
but a plumber. It became a by-word
that It was as well te have a death In
the house as a plumber.
"Well, ve will have te kneel te the
man with the wheelbarrow in the fu
ture, or de the work ourselves. As
for me, I can teach any ene pick and
shovel work, from my own experience
In the past. Thorefero" and he
smiled "I am Independent, If the work
is for me, for I could de It myself if
necessary.
Confidence Is Essential
te Lead Natien Ahead
"This cenlldvncu in the future that
I have been talking about is iibselutely
necessary ir we are te nave a mere
or If we are te -
gait. We have a ad strike e
new. -8J1 rignt, even wuMfcat
report et the Baltunere and
the Pennsylvania BaQreada.
mercnandlae waffle baa
much, te that their freight
greater bow than' ft
strike. New . jut lseaglne was
traffle-will be when, they get tke'd
business Dec.
"In the fall we win htrt
famines, one of labor, for there -eta
ujuit) uujiubw vumu isuur TO DIAeje
there will be a famine. of ears. em'
;?
raureaas wnen tne oesi and
traffie starts, and lastly, there" win
a jocemoavo xanune.
"Then, tee, the natural growth
las unitea ewes is several niuiMJ
persons annually. The general busiW Se
ness, Just te take care of these extrsr a
people, la enormous. They need house!
L11K H11U Hlk LUB UPTM.atf.a i .. i
many ei we luxuries et life. TheJ Jsd
r of the luxuries of life. ThelAsi
ta are many, and we rejoice thief ' i
wcuita Bin uiuu, buu we raeica thmM' Ml
such is the case. We are glad mnniJ
is the case. We are glad nami J'
are living better than ever before.
"Ne one wants te see the weAli.,
man live poorer. Everybody want ,tK,-
see him live better. The better he Utsj,
upon the purely selfish side, the btfta)
business Is and if he steps burls'
business 'disaster fellows. If the work,
Ing man econemisee 60 per ccnt.'ti
come a host of business failures.
"Hew about Europe? Well, the
have the same problems te face we hin,
only they are working against great edda.!
Over here we can produce 100 per cent
mere than befere the war. Over there
they have been robbed of their market!
and facilities. The Western States e!
Kurepe produce only half their former
quantity of goods and products, and the
Kastern half produces nothing. Se you
tee the lead that .gives us ever Europe
"Eurepe has a long read te travel.
It cannot build up without Russift,
cither, for Russia once produced 40 per
cent of Europe's raw materials, aid
it' consumed 40 per cent of Eurepe'i
manufactured materials, and all that
business is a dead horse today.
"I have absolute confidence in out
own Government.
"Remember, In this country, we hart
tne best Government upon tne :ace
the earth, and we can change It
moment we don't like it.
"Everybody In governmental capaci
ties here la doing as well as he can.
We have some peer politicians la the
country, and a let of wise men ia
political circles, tee. In tlme of itrMJ
they forget petty differences sad w
what they honestly think best for the
country.
"Se, all things considered, besUwai
will gradually grew and grew &
grew. That's what our prosperity d
pends upon, the gradual IncreaM
ffensral huislnivta. Wn need the COB
fidence of the peer man, who wll.Pa
1l1n mnnpv intn n finmn nnfl DUT "
automobile, and put out his meney11
ether ways, serene In the confidence
that seme day he will earn It back.
"Leta of peeple have put their mentf
in Government securities, afraid te rl
it in business. We have get te t
thcra out of that frame of mind. Tl
In lets of business here. All we ncl ,
Is find a way te de it."
At tills point the eciatnrles wiw" wiw"
hew get Mr. Viiuclnin Inte hit pray
fleck coat, and he Btuttcil fr '
dinner engagement. Ah tlic Miiu-' i
.ml lln. iI.mi.. In. ,.nllr.,l "lll'll. til"
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