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IC LEDGER COMPANY
HUB II. K. CUttTIS. PsMinav
i& 5r.tln' ytc9 l'rildnt and Treasurer:
K?- JJrUr!..SccrUryi CharIM ir. I.udln-
iip u. ireinns. jenn n. Williams, Jehn J.
ft, Geerts F. Oeldtmlth, David E. Smltcy.
B. SMtT.RT Editor
'C. AiVriX....atn)ral IluslnMs Manar
led dnlly at PcnLle Ltrmri tlullillnff
independence Square. rhllvMphln.
CTTT Fres'-Unlen Rultillnr
MX .'104 Madl.-en Ave.
01 Ferd Ilull.llnir
r. ..?....... 013 Olob-Dmecrat Ilulldlns?
1302 Tribune Building
NEWS ntlrtRAt'Si
ITON niEUL'. (
If. K. Cor. Pennsylvania At. and 14th St.
?K Heme The Sim Ilnlltllnr
I Bcaiiu.... Trafalgar nulMIn
3VKM sunscniPTieN thrms
Y'ftwV BtSNINQ PfIII.10 Lltxirn la asrvM tn .iih.
v. IftlB"" " rniiaaeipnia and Kurreumag towns
IWffff'"8 of "' G2) cnts Pr weelt. payable
j .- a-. . ... ....... . . - -: -
ca.bk m rate ei me
'tWj!e carrier.
.H"! mall te poll
vttfVitlted fttaten.
points outside of Philadelphia In
!AS. CanKflA. Af lnlt.l M.afn- itna.
it. neatare free, fifty (SO) rpnia ti-r mnnih.
40) dollars per ear. payable in advance.
mil lereiKii countries nn ($1) dollar a month.
'ioaeuD!cnocra msnina: address cnansed
Site old as wII n ntiv address.
WAI.MT
KEYSTONE, MUX HOI
IMfMt all communications te Evening J'ublle
Wr, iKltprwdrnca Squarr. Philadelphia.
V
.. jJliaLa . L A--..!l 1 Tl
A -.lataHici ui mc nMucimru rreng
i'fliLW ASSOCIATED PRESS i txcUrtvely en
U. 114 le the use for republication of all new
7t ssswcfles crcanta xe if or net eihtrwut crrdOrd
.,JgiM apr, and alto the local nnc$ published
tKMMrieMi of republication of tutelar dispatch
twwwm HTB hub rrsrrvra.
"' rhiUdtlphU, ."iturdir. April Zl, t2
w-
i 5 CDrC Uill I AC IT IRM'T
fcC ".". "."T" ,W1" " . .
VMpiQVMXil. .srifOl L announces tnnt
fetJUf "State empleyes tin- free te de as they
;Vcfcoefc" In rrgiird te thi primary campaign.
j 4ms l an plastic assertion tui.iptnuie te a
f ITtrlety of circumstances. If Adniinistru-
."'J :...i..n... ....1 1..
' "lien eincvnuiiicrs ciieusr 111 ici'i'" "
'. ! ) .. -tl .!n.....l I.Hnnt.. rf
'ij . MtiuurHi Ill,IlIl ifr L'li ut:iiiivii nuvtit: vt
nressuft'
&j,,tt taducetnents te caiiipalRii for the machine,
llf ,lr nctlvltles. ere net In cenllict with the
XJ4etrine of free will as the Governer of
: -nyivania conceives it.
' ', Mr. Pinchot has been long enough In
.WJWic. life te understand hew this sort of
leninj; works. He is also quite eem-
yttMt te perceive that Mr. SpreuTs suave
-rt,u inil wii3 uirari iiitu u uic iuiujcl ii.t.
kajrvfeiicr in iuh Hinngnnc erucr againHi; pu-
ffwiie, by the iprionnel of the department
.tWCHiuy under iiim control, in in cunuui
f' Utter te Attorney (5eneral Alter. Mr. Pin Pin
'VVfcet mitltned the wnv te halt canmnicnliiff
.'Vkv Slrntn Afnnliivna wlilnh nmniltltu tfl tllP
Wf" v" -- Uliwj( J, iiaiavas tu -.--
i j iaaamiuc: a. u 1 1 1 417 iui laiimiuiixii. " - -
Meney for furthering candidacies.
Mr. Alter can deliver the ultimatum if he
cheeses. If he finds that Mr. Sprout's pre-
fwaienal political enthusiasm is uiicliecked,
' m stern rebuke Ih In order. Until Mr.
AlUr disclaims nnd tpeclticnlly rules out
Mch assistance and until the Governer nc
ttull executes a non-interference fiat, pre
tMses of free will and indepeiuietice of
etolce regarding the State's public servants
Will continue te sound hollow.
Thus far Mr, Sproul has simply echoed
the standardized patter of nil organization
rvj - ., ...... (.... v. D
wlets. Turn the crank and the machine
will, play this ucll-vtern record until it is
shed.
SUICIDE CORNER
IEDESTHIANS everywhere continue te
flui rMtwinslhln fur nt lpimr Till Tier cent
VlvsjC the automobile accidents in which they
?A"ft 1 I-J J n,l. ..ll .1 . !...
tumiw llljurru. 1 nr iuw ; urjtui 11111-111. nun
ji iNNBt forced nt last te attempt the regulation
kW loot tramc at ureuu ana (.nestuui streets,
j?',Whr thousands of people habitually dts-
i,r trtyieiy perilous game 01 nine nun scck wu;i
ir .aiering motorcars.
'fjix; policemen at one street intersection
eestr like a great many. It is obvious that
'less expensive method of saving the aver
age walker from himself will have te be
4 V found, since the danger apparent nt this
particular corner exists In some degree at
very ether street Intersection In the city.
lftf may have te come te pavement safety
Sites before .we arc many years elder.
jLfi DY ASTOR PUTS IT PLAINLY
11TIT; intelligence, understanding." That
- B 13 lilt' IHIIUUIJ UtlililltUJi tit 11 WUIU
I,- which has been abundantly cmpleed in
describing the signal attribute of Lady
But it Is ndvlsablc te stick te original
coapetations in this instance. Lady Aster's
Fj. 'OPfrvntiens nave 1101 sparKieu. ine
L',. friendly audience which she addresses has
vr aeaewbat strained enthusiasm in the effort
'''te ixtel alleged pearls of dazzling thought.
The attempt is unfair te a most ingratlat-
iMIl!.
i aamsTiciiiur.
Lt ( Iady Aster possesses the faculty of trans
it1 MUOg tee feelings and conictiens of nver
KJk affe; sensible persons into simple nnd direct
S Jaafuage. Ttiat Is a sufficient asset for
w'jtcafriltlen, tfteugh it docs net make of its
j.fif iwner an epigrammatist or a mistress of
fi;, Ttreai pyreieciinics.
Tj ady Aster. is obviously sincere. That
;K; explains her lucid, cogent and. if you will.
, IVprnrKctly commonplace appeal for American
j - it .! .. ... . , . ..
y parjicipuiien 111 u ieusuc or association et
nations. That, indeed, is a comuienplnce
idea. Mr, Wilsen did net invent it. It Is
an usplratlen of mankind which has ac
quired practical worth as the need ter
''adopting it has arisen.
''That misrepresented nnd much-despised
League of Natlena," declares Lady Aster,
"has already prevented three small wars,
has registered mere than n hundred treaties,
has repatriated nearly 400.000 prisoners
net a bad record for only half a league. I
think it is enough te make every woman in
M 'America want te join it in borne form or
jgy, ether; certainly any who have had sons in
.tue war. The Washington Conference,"
(Y sbtOdds, "has shown us what can hantien
-.When great countries with great ideals get
lk together."
iw.v JThls is plain speaking about the obvious.
li 'It Is evident that Lady Aster cannot under-
1$' siaad the outbursts of tiaekery and chop
?V, Ittgic which have veiled a vital conception.
gratia It the common sense exhibited which daz-
IWBner auuuery as meugu mey were in the
y.tcatence of borne sibyl?
ly"
mi WWHERE IS WOMAN'S PLACE?
I THtVVl4U tie interesting te knew what
wiJ.Uie delegates te the Pan-American Cen.
Pfsinca of Women in Ualtimerc would say
kv.tjh seme siicaKer bueuiu rise in ills or iier
! (";.' 't!rn and remark that "Wnmnn'u nluea lu
! ia'the home."
V Modern women hnve discovered that the
iif successful maintenance of the home some-
UytHsMi depends en inuueiices outside of it.
IsVeMhM hsvn ilecliletl te exnrt thittnsntvnu in
WSdikt,f9 theso inllut'iices in such n way as te
t.fMtrent the umivrmlnlng of the work they
.Vm frying te de.
CWfitI M will probably be found the ex-
atten 01 tlie best part or feminism. The
piteH in llaltlmerc han been discussing
ta of relations of women te life. Yes.
, they, devoted themselves te the pro pre pro
C.ef women wnge-ennierf.
ec that the women might net be In-
!.y their work, they urged the ap-
tvef- women en nil public bedlea
te de witn tlie interesU of
'Watftad.Uws,
EaVEJSTCNG 'PI
thnti eight hours a day or mere than forty
four hours n week, nnd that no women be
employed at night, and that no women
should be allowed te work for six weeks
before nnd after childbirth. ,
Tills seems te indicate that they still con
sider maternity ns nn important function
of women, a view which seiqe of the un un un
progresslve critics of feminism have been
insisting that the feminists had rejected.
As the women have come in c!eer con
tact with activities outside the home we are
hearing less of the claim that tney had a
mission te straighten out the confusion Inte
which men hnd get the world. They are
discovering thnt doing things right is net
se eusy ns it seems. Lady Aster is a geed
representative of the newest type of women,
for she is insisting that there must be co
operation between the men nnd the women
if the problems nre te be solved, and she
is confessing that the women de net knew
it nil. There will be mere like her ns con cen
tnct with fnets opens their eyes te the diffi
culties in the way of progress.
DREAM, BY ALL MEANS, BUT
WAKE IF YOU WANT REALITY!
The
Sesqul-Centennlal Is a
Beautiful
Will
Vision and Only Werk
Make It Come True
CHOI'S wouldn't come luxuriously out of
the ground, buildings wouldn't rise mag
nificently against the sky, pictures wouldn't
nppear en cauvnses if the people who have
te de with these things were content te sit
nnd dream endlessly of fields of grain in the
wind or towers In the sunlight or thrilling
color schemes done in paint.
Everything worth while In this world
sprang from some one's dreams. Hut ac
complishment meant and still means labor
and sweat, action and unremitting Industry.
The Scsqul-L'cntcnnial has been a dream
te Philadelphia, te the City Council, te
Congress and, indeed, te the country at
lurge. We have hnd time te imagine what
it will be like, hew uniquely glorious it ought
te be in its forms and its significance.
One of these bright days nnd before very
long the elder nations of the earth will
escape from their nightmare of violence and
antagonism and failure, and they will seek n
means te reassert the nobler hopes nnd
meanings of their lives and their labors.
They will wish te give visible form te the
greatest of their aspirations and te demon
strate, ns beautifully as they can, the Ideals
of n remade world. What better meeting
ground could they have than tlie place In
which the cradle of their most passionate
hope was rocked?
We have talked, dreamed, spceched nnd
Imagined enough. The time has come te
wake up and devoutly hustle.
Americans are the most energetic people
in the world when they wnnt te be. Like
all ether people, they like te postpone re
alistic action. They wanted peace, victory,,
normalcy. But they wanted te leave it te
Woodrew nnd they are leaving it te Warren,
just as Europe, desiring reason and justice
nnd peace, leaves it te Geerge te go out and
de the sweating nnd remains at home te
hope.
Similarly, in this city there seems te be a
feeling thnt hope and speeches and n director
genernl will be enough te create the greatest
International exposition of all time.
That Is delusion.
The fair project has advanced te the stage
nt which it needs the dynamic force of mo
bilized nnd unnnlmetis public sentiment he
hind It. It needs the driving power of mass
resolution translated into dally action. It
needs concerted effort stubbornly exerted
night nnd day.
All the little squabbles and disagreements
of the last six months nre In the past.
They ought te be forgotten. At least no
trace or memory of them should be per
mitted te interfere with the smooth opera
tion of the reordered plan. Seme such
friction was inevitable and it did no harm.
Se all people nnd all officials ought te begin
te think of the fair ns a reality and te con
cern themselves at once about practical re
quirements. When the collective spirit of Philadelphia
is solidly behind the fair, the collective ,
spirit of Congress will get behind it and the
collective spirit of the country will arise
and labor for 192(5.
A working organization with adequate
funds at its disposal is nn Immediate re
quirement of the Sesqul-C'entcnninl project.
It is net tee early te let the world knew all
about the fair and all nbeut its central
meaning which is that civilization baBed
upon peace, liberty nnd industry has come
te stay.
In every organization, large or small, in
Philadelphia there should be a committee
specially created te aid the general Sesqui
Ccntennlni directors, nnd n way ought te be
found te make the free co-operation of these
committees possible nnd certain.
The old Philadelphia Labit of mass-meetings
ought te be revived in order tlmt the
collective sentiment of these units aud the
people they represent could find ready and
frequent expression.
We ought always te remember that no
project of international scope ever had a
background se fuvering ns that which is
already prepared for tbe fair of 1020. Yeu
might almost say that the times demand
the fair.
We knew tee well what havoc human
energy enn de with the devices of modern
science. It is about time te prove thnt this
same energy, properly directed, (an be
equally potent In the service of beauty nnd
utility. Hut from new en we shall hnve te
work as the farmer, the builder nnd the
artist works systematically and hard und
with the ruw materials of the great plan.
In every home, in the mind of every indi
vidual, there ought te be some shave of pride
and Interest in this greatest effort of the
clty'a life nnd a willingness te bhnre nt
least n little of the stress of a great com
mon effort. If money is needed, we bheuld
nil help te find it.
The thing ought te take held of the city's
very heart. Ter it may yet full te us te
complete in Philadelphia the work begun in
Washington, continued laboriously nt Ver
sailles and nttempteu again nt Genea. We
may at last convince all nations that peace
is best!
WHO SHOULD BE EDUCATED?
TIIK theory that tee mnny boys nnd girls
go te high school und college, set forth
nt the meeting of teachers nt the I'nlverslty
of Pennsylvania, Is net new te the oppo
nents of child-labor laws.
These opponents have long Insisted that
it Is a waste of time te give the children tee
much education, They ussert that they
might better be engaged in helping support
the family by working in a factery: that
;t)fcy-oentract.,'lciojs haWta en Saturdays
mmmm
kmmim
habits which they would have no time te
contract if they were working all day.
Hut, curiously enough, these arguments
have net convinced the friends of the chil
dren. The right of children te their child
hood has been insisted upon with such per
sistence thnt the child-labor laws have been
passed nnd have net been repealed.
It is n little startling, however, te find
educational experts taking the point of view
of the manufacturers. They tell us that B0
per cent of the children who enter high
school would be better off if they never get
se far, ns "a mcntully average child has no
right te expect mero than nn avcrnge edu
cation." Hut will some expert explain hew it la
possible te decide what is n mentnlly average
child? College professors frequently con
fess their inability te judge of the capacities
of their students. Seme of them have de
veloped mentally beyond their years nnd
ethers nre slew in developing. It frequently
happens that the slew student who gave no
premise in cellege outstrips his mere bril
limit clnssmntcs within ten yt-nrs after they
leave college. Without the college oppor
tunities he would have been hnndicnpped,
but he knew whnt he needed nnd he worked
up te the extent of his abilities while in
college te ucquirc the training that It offered.
It may be thnt he get mere training out of
it t linn his mere brilliant companions.
There is a quality which cannot be dis
covered or tested by any of the devices set
up in high school nnd college, and that is
the quality of enrnest purpose te accomplish
something. The boy may flounder along, but
he sticks nt it in spite of all discourage
ments, and in the long run he comes out en
top.
Of course, the high schools nnd colleges
nre intended for these who can profit by
them. The desire te go te them is nbeut the
only satisfactory test of the enpacity te
profit that has yet been discovered.
AFTER THE STORM
THE store of paradoxes nt the (Jenea con
ference is apparently .inexhaustible. A
week which opened en the dismal chord of
cosmic collapse ends with Lloyd Geerge
bentllically quoting Browning. "All's
right with the world" coos this Plppn among
diplomatists, who passes from Red te reac
tionary with the nrch-eptlmlsm of the prac
ticed politician.
Hew much of the tempest ever the Russo Russe
German Treaty was authentic? It would
be ungracious te press this query. It Is
safest te npplnud the necromancy et the
Hiitish Prime Minister without examining
tee closely his box of tricks. The exclu
sion of Germans from the Committee en
Russia is logical, even though the new com
pliant offenders regard the ruling "with
pained surprise." In n sense- the nations
lately se agonized have recognized tlie com
pact in the determination te proceed with
the conference. The next Important step In
prospect is nn attempt te frame one of their
own.
As nn avenue te this structure the Rus
sians have proposed 11 basis of settlement
in which they nre willing te admit war nnd
pre-war debt", waive counter-claims, re
store nntlennl property te its former owners,
or, where this is impossible, satisfy the
claims of foreigners in some ether way.
The price is recognition de jure of the
Soviet Government.
If advance reports were trustworthy, the
Entente and affiliated nations were net
originally disposed te go this far. De jure
recognition is acknowledgment thnt the
Government in question is legally and
rightfully constituted.
Whnt may prove persuasive, however, Is
the substantial character of the suggested
exchange.
Tlie French have been particularly inter
ested in the problem of validating the Rus
sian Indebtedness te the outside world. It
is sometimes far from difficult te turn a
Tery into a Liberal or vice versa when a
monetary consideration is involved.
The se-called Allies, however, held no
monopoly of inconsistencies. Russia, which,
In theory at least, defied the universe un
less remade in the Marxian image, Is knock
ing at the deer of tlie family of bourgeois or
capitalistic nations. The Soviets will give
11 geed deal for tlie nod of recognition.
The scene is nt once amusing and stimu
lating. Compromise makes strange bedfel
lows, but en the whole it is for that very
reason te be welcomed rather thnn dis
dained. Sham infatuations, radical and the
reverse, have already received Femc violent
shocks at Genea. A disposition te dismiss
phantoms and deal with facts is new discernible-.
There will be mere crises, of course. Dif
ference of opinion makes conferences ns
well ns horse races. It Is superfluous te
be optimistic while Lloyd Geerge is present
te blew his resourceful hi.rn. Hut one may
nt least be wary of alleged "convulsions."
In tlie midst of such nlarms tltere always
remains the possibility of convalescence.
Newark, N. ,T.. jnan Is
Isn't Machinery bewailing the theft of a
Just Wonderful? $10,000 baseball pitch
ing machine which could
deliver anything from a curve te a spltbull.
We'd like te see it pitted against a mechan
ical batter. Rnseball would then become
wholly 11 war of wits, the captain of the
team in control et the batter guessing nt
the kind of ball the pitcher would pitch and
tliu captain of the team in contiel of the
pitcher guessing what the ether captain
would guess and switching te something else.
And If pitcher nnd batter were supplemented
by mechanical fielders nil that would then be
needed would be mechanical rooters.
The dilly-dallvcrs who
me afraid te kill the
bonus bill, though they
see the felly of nfisinc
Henes for
the Benus
it. take joy in the fact that the President
will net sign it unless it is accompanied
by 11 prevision for tlie raising of the money;
that the Senate cannot originate nny such
prevision; nnd that the Heuse may think
up some reason for further delay before un
dertaking revision. Courage is something
our legislators appear te have everything
else but.
Again with admiration
Naturally we lift our hat te the
correspondent who, de
siring le help 1111 old preacher and his wife
in Catawissa, Pa., featured nn old horse they
owned. It was the only way te bring re
mits. Tlie horse, when it dies, is te be
stuffed nnd given a place In the Museum
of Natural History. And, naturally, the
fame attendant en the present possession of
M) noted nn animal is going te stuff life full
of geed tilings for the aged couple.
When I'nele Sam has
Wicn Our Heuse straightened out the
Is in Order little mutter of a deficit
of half u billion dollars
in conjunction with the Increased expendi
tures he Is planning, he may be in n position
te consider the preposition of participating
In the proposed conference of the world's
great btiite banks for the bringing about of
European financial reform.
1
A group of students in
Alleged Cheating the University of Cin
cinnati is licensed of
(heating nt nn examination, and if the
cliargu is proved the members will be ex
pelled. This Is ns it bheuld be. The ethlcnl
jespeiihlbilitles of n college step nt tlm heiilt
where u student shows un absolute luck of
nieriil fiber.
Chauffeur husband of enera slneer com
plains that be had "te button her up the
back.'' Complaint dismissed. Buttens are
if4Wl.l
m&
i LEDGER-. PHILADlDIdPm A, ; 8
I I I , . ,
PEOPLE WHO SEEK AID
Curious Figures Prem the Records of
the Legal Aid lureau Old Papers
That Tell the Original' Story of
Waterloo and Trafalgar
By GEORGE NOX McCAlN
BARCLAY II. WAItHURTON, Director
of the Department of Public Welfare,
has .just completed his annual report of
business done by the Bureau of Legal Aid.
Only a small part of the work accom
plished has been pcrfelmcd under Majer
Wnrburten's regime.
Much the larger portion , was handled
under the direction of the late Director
Ernest JI. TuMln.
Reinalii C. Hassrlck Is chief of the bureau
under which the unusual accomplishments
of that section of Public Welfare were
achieved.
In seme respects it is very unusual nnd
surprising.
It presents nn admirable field of investi
gation for the psychologist nnd student of
human nature.
THERE Is a great to-de, ordinarily, raised
nbeut the number of aliens who receive
public assistance which costs them nothing.
The surprising fenture of this branch is
the wclfnre department shows that the nllen
comprises only n small portion of these
seeking direction and assistance.
There were nenrly five theusnnd Ameri
cans, or these claiming te be American citi
zens, who received assistance in one way and
another.
The Jew comes next with one-fifth as
many cases as the American.
Irishmen come next, nfter whom come the
Italians, then the Polish, the Germans, nnd
finally the English in the order named.
A study et nationalities discloses some
curious facts about these seeking the bu
reau's aid, which is given free,
OUT of 13,000 cases considered only one
Albanian nnd ene West Indian applied
for legal assistance.
There were two Arabians, five Chinese,
two Japanese, two Turks, nine Serbians and
only four Perte Rlcans and five Swiss.
The business of the Bureau of Legal Aid
is te give advice upon any and all subjects
without charge.
It would naturally be inferred that neigh
borhood quarrels, matrimonial and domestic
difficulties and criminal actions would em
brace the bulk of the complaints.
It would be an erroneous impression,
however.
THE most prolific cause of trouble and
nppeel te the Wclfnre Bureau was
squabbles between landlord and tenant, of
which there were about 2000, or at the rate
of mero than ten a day.
The next cause for worry involved wages,
but required only enc-hnlt ns much atten
tion ns the landlords.
Collections, which included the non-payment
of overdue wages or differences between
employer nnd empleye, steed next highest en
the list.
The smallest troubles Involved commitment
te an institution, in which there was one
ense.
United States Government insurance te
survivors of the World War had only two
cases; Government compensatien-nnd bonus,
seven cases, and the custody of children,
eight cases.
Among some of the troubles considered
were payments en the installment plan, pen pen
blens, slander, negligence, divorce, real
estate and wills.
MR. HASSR1CK tells me that a record
is kept of every visitor. The name Of
the person who sent him te seek the bu
reau s nid nnd all the various ether facts
connected with distress or infractions of
the law nre matters of record.
Friends of the visitors te the number et
C300 sent them te the bureau for assistance
and advice.
The newspapers sent 2300 mere, police
men 177.", various municipal departments
COT, nnd magistrates and constables 400.
Of religious nnd philanthropic organiza
tions the Red Cress sent ninety-five persons
seeking nid; the Salvation Army, three;
Knights of Columbus, nine; Y. M. C. A.,
thirty'slx ; V. W. C. A., forty-five.
The American Legien directed forty-four
persons te the doers of the Bureau et Legal
Aid.
The Heard of Vocational Training, eight
een ; members of the bar, 110, and the
referees in bankruptcy, 103.
There is no record that any church or
ganization sent any of its members te the
bureau for nid.
Over 31,000 personal interviews were held
with visitors during the labt year.
I NOTED the fact n few days age that I
had enjoyed the privilege of handling an
uncut copy of the Edinburg Scotsman's first
issue.
Possibly, in the eyes of curie collectors,
mere valuable even than it, was n copy of
the Londen Times of Thursday., November
7, 1805.
It contained the announcement of Nel Nel
eon's victory nnd death nt Trafalgar.
The paper was faded te a saffron hue.
Its edges were scalloped by the hand of time,
nnd the creases where it had been folded
had worn the paper until the imprint of the
type was indistinguishable.
Hut the value of the publication was in
the fact that it gnve te the world for the
first time the Immortal story, in all Its de
tails, of the Battle of Trafalgar Bay and
the death of Nelsen.
Nearly two pages were taken up with (lis
patches from Vice Admiral Collingwood,
commander-in-chief of His Majesty's ships.
The story was dated after this fashien:
"On beard H. M. S. Euryaltis off Cepe
Trafalgar. October 22, 1803.'
In tiiat report is set forth the words of
Nelsen thnt have become Immortal, "Eng
land expects every man will de his duty."
AS A historical fact from original sources
I quote the follewing:
"When the engagement begnn Nelsen sold
te Captain Hardy and the officers who sur
rounded him en the quarter deck : 'New they
cannot escape us. I think we shall at least
make sure of twenty of them. I shall prob
ably lese a leg, but that will be purchasing
a victory cheaply.
Twe heurH afterward Nelsen received n
wound 1 the shoulder from n musket ball
which was the cassc of his death.
Anether treasure, equally worn, frayed
nnd yellowed with age, was a copy of tlie
Times of Thursday, June 22, 1815.
On the first column of the first page, in
body type double leaded, appears the fol
lowing :
"We again step the press te insert a
cepv of the Londen Gazette Extraordinary."
The "Gnzctte" was n dispatch from Field
Marshal the Duke of Wellington, K. G.,
Enrl Buthhurst, dated Waterloo, June 10,
It was the story of the Battle of Waterloo.
Today's Anniversaries
1700 Mndame de Stael, famous writer
nnd opponent of Napeleon, born in Purls.
Died there. July 14. 1817.
ifTH .VaI1i r'nrfiHtlti mi tlitf timl I.am
delegates te eubbcrlbe te n declaration of
Independence.
1812 G(
Atinrnl Wllllnm TJnll ...I....I b.
Cincinnati en his way te Dayton te tnke
command of the Ohie tiaeps in the War
of 1812.
1847 The Americans under General
Werth took the Mexican btrongheld of
Pcrete without resistance.
Today's Birthdays
Alexander Kerensky, a leader in the rev
olution which overthrew tliP monarchy in
Russia, born forty-one years uge.
Mllen Pelndexfer. senior l'ulted Slates
Senater from Washington, born at Mem
phis. Tenn., Ilfty-feur years nge.
Ellen Glabgew, a prolific writer of popu
lar novels, born nt Richmond, Vn., lorty lerty
eight years age,
Michael J. . Hegan. Representative L.ln
Congress et the Seventh New Yerk Dis
trict, born la NewYjwk.HCJty, fty-oae
ippspp
"HEY,
t
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Knew Best
DR. WILLIAM 8. WAD8WORTH
' On Human Engineering
THERE arc few mere important topics
for the public or for the medical pro
fession than human engineering, according
te Dr. William S. Wadsworth, coroner's
physician of the City et Philadelphia.
"Te one long deeply interested In the
subject," said Dr. Wadsworth, "It Is 11
great joy te find thnt nt last it is safe te
speak freely and openly of it. Human
engineering hns had n sort of existence for
n very long time, and hns hnd mere or less
nctuni recognition by some of the great lead
ers of thought und uctlen, but only very
recently hns it had sufficient popular recog
nition te make it n topic for public discus
sion. One finds thnt the term still creates
surprise in the average audience.
"As an organic whole, human engineer
ing senrcely exists: only in mere or less
isolated fragments has It attained frtll ex
istence and adequate recognition. We are
familiar with such fragments us the various
health movements, preventive medicine,
snfety first, child saving, reconstruction,
Stnte medicine nnd public health, crimi
nology and eugenics.
The Case of Electricity
"A few years nge we hud no electrical
engineers. There were telegraphers, bell
hangers, signal men. clectreplnters, und at
times btudents specialized in electro-physics
or electro-physiology. Mnny of us can dls-
tlnntlv .arall llOVV Ollt of tlll'SC UOll tllO HCW-
bem electric fields of light, power, telephone
nnd the thousand applications 01 cicuituj
in home, public service aud Industry gradu
ally came engineering. Se also can wc re
call the mere gradual growth of chemical
engineering. Slower It naturally was, be
cause it required much mero study te under
btnnd the significance of the difficult cheinl
cnl problems than te put together u few
wires, couple up the batteries of the meter
and presto nn electrician.
"Se it must be proportionately -slower for
the greater, I might well say the greatest, of
nil subjects, the human scieuce, te reach
moo e since, of nemiliir preparedness that It.
mav become truly human engineering. Hut
just ns the various miner phases of electric
knowledge and practice became co-erdinated
because of the fundamental principles upon ,
which all branches or phases rested, se will
the many phases of science nnd practice
where human beings nre concerned he
brought together nnd persons will be trained
nnd consulted with regard te the funda
mental principles und le the various appli
cations. "Tlie fundamental principle efpure nir
as a part of respiration finds its application
In the home, streets, factories and schools
among ether plnces. It Is net te be called
ventilating engineering, but belongs te the
respiratory phase of human engineering.
Definite Knowledge Required
"There are several ether Tundumcntnl
phases where equally fundamental princi
ples apply, but the nit of applying these
depends upon n well-grounded knowledge
of the science of physiology. But It requires
an nddd something the trained porter of
applying such knowledge te uttnln definite
ends. This power constitutes an art, nnd
all engineering is a composite of the scien
tific knevviedgu und the nrt of applying such
knowledge wisely und te the attainment of
un end.
"As Is well known, nil engineers fall if
they ignore some important part of their
subject. Se the human engineering will be
no exception, and, lu fact, its. progress has
been rendered mere slew because of the mere
or less spasmodic attempts te use some frag
ment of the science und art for the whole.
Child saving, social uplift, prison reform,
pure feed and nil the ether ntteuipts hnve
failed te achieve ndcqunle results just for
this reason, and the time is passing when
the awakened world will much longer sub
mit te such partial, incomplete guidance.
"When I was a young celleglnn our
political economy regarded human beings as
simply te be bought nnd sold in the lafier
market, nor would the scholastic pedagogues
condescend te facts or sane considerations
of the human muchlncs they se supercili
ously considered. Their psychology being
even mero crude, It Ih small wonder that they
failed te lecegnize or udviiuce these princi
ples which must ulone come by rigid human
engineering.
Greatest of All Macklaea
"Seme of their descendants have Improved,
THAT MIGHT BE LOADED!"
for the great solution of Impending prob
lems. "The time te display some intelligence
with regard te the greatest of ull machines,
the human body, has about arrived. The
time te "bring up children with some reali
zation of what they arc nnd hew they arc
te be run is nearly ns important ns it Is te
knew hew te run nn automobile before
trying te drive through traffic. If such chil
dren have minds and souls as some of us
still, held, it might be well te encourage the
psychic ami moral phases of human engi
neering, though perhaps these arc tee far
beyond modern pedagogy.
"Speaking of phases, you might be sur-
frlsed te knew hew many there nre of these,
laving te deliver un address in 11 distant
city en 'State Medicine,' I made n list of
topics and wns somewhat nstenished when
1 readied 2000 topics with the list still in
complete. New this list was n very instruc
tive uffulr, as It showed the scope of human
engineering, but it nlse displnyed the ma
jority of the social und Industrial ills of
our time. There was u sldc-by-slde mar
shaling of things impertnnt te the huinnn
race, some of which had been technically
considered, ethers wholly ignored, with no
regard te the relative value of either.
"There is being recognized n sort of so
cial medicine Hint has grown out of the
elder system of doctoring, where medical
advice and co-operation have been found
mere or less useful nnd necessary, but I
like te consider the larger, fuller way of
doing things, nnd I prefer te use the term
human engineering, because just new folks
have a fair idea of what engineering Is, nnd
few have a very large conception of the
medicine that can serve in this pceulinr way.
Medical Science the Basis
"Te be sure, thcre is no ether Basis for
this new engineering than the medical sci
ences, und it will always be a redlcul nrt.
"It Is well for us te indulge in the his
torical method of considering cverv subject,
nnd our topic is no exception. There have
been brilliant examples of human engineer
ing, though it is probable thnt they never
used the term if, indeed, they ever heard of
It. Nnpoleen was prebnbty the most strik
ing exaniple. Hew carefully he looked uftcr
every phase whenever emergencies did net
prevent. New it wns the feeding, again the
clothing, nnd his ldens te save the energy
of his troops for his own purposes were
typical. He elevated his surgeons te unheard-of
prominence in the army; when he
spoke te his veterans he knew the secret
smings of human action nnd hew te icnch
them; when he addressed the raw levies he
showed that he understood the very fuiida
mentals of psychology. y a
"Anether example that nppeals te penulnr
taste was the Pnunma Cnnal. Compare the
failure of the French with enormous less of
life und fortune and the intelligent insist
ence of ()Ur modem President nnd his in in
stnllutlen of human engineering as a neees.
sary preliminary.
"I llke te see pioneers of Industry today
considering the human problems li. their
mills and shops, net simply by putting un
hospitals, but by studying tli i preb e,n 0
the huiiian iiinch nes they nre using, and I
urn glad te find that these pioneers, n their
great advance, nre making it pay te nrnV
tlce human engineering. The time is nearly
ripe for the co-eidinatlng of these "hou "heu
sands of fragments along normal nnd natural
lines nnd the development of n rational m.
ten. thai will ever the fundamental primil
jwei p
The Reul Basis of Efficiency
"The experience of the world during t,0
last few yearn of war has done much te 01 1
the inlmis e the people te the s gn en c
of a knew edge of the medical sciences "a
basis of efficiency. Already we llml mlvwi , e
educational institutions employing mell iVn
iwK'Iknru nn- Ll.nr.lt ! "'-Ui
problem.
"Ne, there are no schools
at pi'psput
touching miviinceil hum,,,, ,.BM .' ,. "
the.e are 1.0 linns of consulting ,.,,',,"
1.0 poslllenj, called h this leriu ,.s v, . ,tl
I very well remember tlii dav
were no electrical engineers. 'iUI , lZe
IS I.....
.is., .-It.., 1., t -.,-......., aguij,
"." " .'" "1. L .77.. " "'. h'K". than
IK
WIIH
unu.v , u,ni ui inn ciiry cJaliie
New as then we must ul ...i.if .M""."'"-
find and develop men aid schools L !
ftsMaRSwlisf tjaeasVsuL't "wis te awst '
'- V"i"j " iiMiiiiuieu ined cine
chests, but lis human engineers.1 There
a new uttltu. e In industry toward the who e
problem of the human being, and here an 1
there vve see medical men called in te iViIvUp
w llli the owners or minini?..i ,v, " 'V'."0
"" "BWUIIIIg tne
vB
SHORT CUTS
It was n raw deal the Weather Man
gave the baseball fans.
One can only hope thnt the munltleni
destroyed at Monastir may never be replaced.
Bosten's efforts toward harbor Improve
ment should be an incitement te Philadel
phia. All the bonus experts have te de is te
psy Soldier Paul without robbing Taxpayer
Peter.
But the prodigal Congress doesn't wsnt
a fatted calf. All it wunts is the perk
barrel.
If the proposed Ceal Commission gathers
nothing but statistics It will cut a compara
tively unlmpertnnt figure.
Cennn Deyle's picture of the soul leav
ing the body at death won't excite movie
funs. They've seen em often.
It Is fear of a secret military alliance
back of the economic agreement between
Russia und Germany that gives the Allies
pause.
Lady Aster Is, discovering thnt wisdom,
geed liumer and modesty in equal propor
tions is an excellent philter for the wlnnlnr
of American hearts.
Intelligence may be helpful, but Is really
net necessary te n geed education, declare!
Dr. Lightner Wltmer. Airy perelflanl
Buoyant badinage ! Light. Wit. !
Council approves of acceding te the re
quest of Middle West children te have tin
Liberty Bell sent te Chicago. But why atop
"t the Bell? Why net send Independenct
Hall :
The Yeung Lndy Next Doer but One
opines that the reason German and Russian
conferees deluy answer te the allied ulti
matum is that they de net understand plain
English.
Secrctnry Wallace's! voice last night ,
ri-ni'iiuu uy ruuie mero people 10811 BJ
human voice since time begun. But record,
of this kind are destined te be broken eni
uftcr uuetker in rapid succession.
What De Yeu Knew?
QUIZ
1. What Is the origin of the word plcka
ninny?
2. What Is a pibrech?
3. What American President was described
by his opponents as "ten -cent
Jimmy"?
s. Which was the last of the thirteen
original colonies, te be settled?
5. What is the seaport for the city of Cerk.
Ireland?
6. What 13 the first mention of pctreleuffl
In American history? V
7. When was the constitutional amendment
authorizing the election of United
States Senators by popular vete de
clared In force? .
8. Who Is the present Chief Justice of the
United States? ,
0. What was the fnmlly nume of the Duke
of Wellington?
10. What Is n bourdon?
Answers te Saturday's Quiz
A Lucullan feust Is ene of great rlchneM
nnd splendor. Lucullus was a Reman
soldier, noted for his magnificence arm
nelf-iudulgence. His dates are ll0-
H. U. .. ,
"Os Luslndcs" (The Luslads) of the peej
Pameens Is called "The Portuguese
1llau"-" , a M.r
William Henry Harrison succeeded Mar
tin V.in Duren as President of m
Culled States. ,.,,,
Montevideo Is the capital of the Itepublie
of Uruguay in Seuth America.
Copernicus was the founder of rneaern
astronomy. He was born In Tnemi
Prussia, In 1473 and died In 1543.
Pygmalion In Greek mythology was 1
niMilntnt- rxt Pvnrim whn fell 10 1P
r.v: '" , u' ? ".. ..:: " , " i hrn jite,
wiui 111a uwil numiu wi ''"." utm
which came te llfe in response te m
prayers, , ,1,,
Tin. royal family of Italy belongs te tin
Heuse of Savey. , ,
A snlcKersnee lu 11 large clasp-Knlfe or
emunt with clasp Knives V. , (.Tip
Is
s irein me ii-Piumiiu niini - qu.. 4
and
the
Danish "Slice," . cub. -
lu 111 Is used by ThncKerny Hi ins lS''
i.lttlu Ulllle." und williMeui ih .-
effect by
Mikade."
W,
(Jllbert In "" '
The American
Revolution,
.1.. A.rIi.'An.
e American iicvoiuneu, me ""'rafj
Civil War, the SpanlBli-AmerlcauJfe
nnu 1110 American war wim ".--
an began in tne mown 01
jenny una. th. famous opereue
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