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vCTRUi H. IC'CUKTiaAnMtetNT
u.JUtuaLTic prenatal ana -rreaenrart
rT.Tjrir. Stefrrj. Oiir' n. Luatni-
I. diprn P. Oeldemltfi, Duld E, Smller.
ITtP W. BIt,ET Editor
C. IfAllTlN.. . .atiftrlt fluelneie Menaeef1
niiehed aaiir at pctLia Lveai"Butiain
jnaerwnaence square. l'niiaaeienia.
Mtie Cm. j ...Pr-Union Building
iuii .am Mnien Ave.
UT.... -.. 701 Ferd tdulldtne'
LeciB .....613 Otebt-Dtmccrat nulli'lrue
laee.,.,,, 1302 rriMin Eullaim
nrng uuHCAia:
6 j. Kill -Cor. Pennsylvania Ave. and 14th (It.
..-... ubauui
T ,- Q W. .1.
v.Vw,.' HSW Teaa nrAtt
m ---zr - -w
Micr
.Th Sun IlulMlnc
Kro Bcuie....: Trafalgar BulMIng
HttnsrmpTtnv tph
The BtixtMe Pcblie Lmen It served te tub
3raB t. Bribers In PhlladelDhla and urrnunrfinr mom
"iK A .'J? rateef twelve (12) cents per weeU. peratle
"SlMt v 'J"e carrier. '
KiMft "." B. m" e telnt eutilde of Phllidelrb! In
unuca duiii. tenia, or unllta mate nes.
poetic free, fifty (SO) cente per menta.
dellare per rear, payeMe In advance.
lersian reuntnee one (Hi fleuar a mentn,
SiihvritiAt t.f,ln. AArrmm KtM.1
IT'fcuat ive old ae well aa new addrese.
MOO WALNUT
KEYJiTONF. MAIX 1501
4ddrrsa all nmmuniaitMu re li'rmfttii f ufriritf
Irtietr. Indtytndtnce Jflucre. rM'aie'ji'Hg
Member of the Associated Press
ran xssorArre webs u rzOuMvrty
fftlnl fe t or rc-publlroltei 0 all r.eus
UpetchM crrdlMd (a It or net elAertcue crrd(r4
tit IMs pcsrr, and aba fAr local ntxct fwihs,rd
J tt j-t.d- - ....--. ,.. .J --, Ji .L
Mrretn are alto rrftrvtd.
iiiUtdtipkij, TutiiUr, rrbnurj :i, n::
THE RENT SCANDAL
"DpNT gouging as It has been practiced
XV In this and ether cities during the laM
three years represents war profiteering ex
tended far beyeud the war and te the Tery
limits of human endurance. The survey Juft
completed by the Heusing AtM.ciatIen merely
provides added proof te show t!iat thf proii preii
teers are a limited class engaged ruthles-Iy in
peclalized work. '
Thus In regions where real estate ha been
held by legitimate Investors-, rent, while th'-y
leere increased, did net reach the hi;h
limits recorded in areas in course of develop.
meut, where ihe barter uud al" of dwellings
re common and where emergency p-"!iti
sometimes teuld be vry Inrj". The study
f housing in 'West I'hiladtlp'ila. llierefe.-e,
(created the profiteer at hi wnrt.
Cases were feuud in which, uhile tli
house shortage vas most acute, one dwelling
passed from euner te owner half a dozen
times in that many months, returning a fat
profit te each plunger. Se far ae the rec
ord gees it suggests no constructive work
done by the speculators, who entered the
Same merely te achieve an advantage that
ready money gave thern at the expense t,f
people without means but in desperate neeel
of living quarter?.
It is easy te say that thl wa a heinous
practice. It wa. Uut had there net been
eXher profiteers higher up who combined te
put a virtual step te building operatien1 by
Inflation of the price of raw material there
would have been no field for the mere ruth
less gamblers in real e.tate. The big profi
teers were responsible for most of the dam
axe done by the little ones.
Had a way been found te put them out of
business the people in thl city would new
have mere money In the saving banks, the
population of Philadelphia would be larger
than it is, and the health of the community.
Impaired in many quarters by inadequate
housing, would be better.
In the future a way will have te be
found te deal with monopolists who are the
ehlef profiteers, even if another Eighteenth
Amendment in necessary.
A HYPHENATE BLOC
t A HYPHENATE bloc, new seemingly in
A, process of secret organization by ulleu
salnded groups in this country,' would be n
geed thing in Washington. It would show
at geed muny Censrcssmcn who have. turned
te serve classes rather than tbe country
where they are drifting.
They are drifting tbward Government by
Farmer-Americans and Labhr-Americant,
Capitalist-Americans and Manufacturer
Americans. If we ourselves lese rcpeet for
the essential principle of our Government
why should we expect nliens te be mere
snsitlve or mere patriotic V
NATIVE PENNSYLVANIANS
MOItE than 75 per cent of the population
of Pennsylvania was born within the
boundaries of the Commonwealth, according
te the recently compiled figures of the lavt
census. It would be interesting te knew
hew many citizens of ether States were
j born in Pennsylvania.
The great migratory period came te a
etose many years age, but there is still a
constant moving ei population irera one
State te another. There ero 131,000 per
sons born in New Yerk who are living in
this State and 84,000 native Marylandcrs.
82,000 Virginians. 80,000 .Terse Ites and
76,000 Ohioans. It has been easy for then
te move acres the border. Nathe P'nn
ylvanlans have gene Inte thesn States te
lire and they have gene into the Webt alfe.
Hew many hundred thousand of them ..
are no one knows, but there c.rtalaly are
sough te fill a bi' cty.
The native-born population of .- '
aewer States i Increasing aH the time, bt
the proportion born in ether Sta" !, of
course, much larger than that in Pentyl
fanla. Wc haxe a petded, boaegT.eoa"
population, with a roraperativcly small for
eign clement. In spite of the years of irn-
tnlrmtlen the forcisn-bern number en! 10
I per cent of the total population, ind tijer
re being assimilated se rapidly ttiat the.r
children arc hardly distinguishable from the
ta children of native parents.
J ADORNING HORRORS
"KTOT without a gesture of complacent
K .IN pride the prlnen authorities m New
g Yerk have announced the formal epeniug of
6," the new deathheuse at Sing Sing. The
p jail officials have some righta te beast. TI.e
tl new building in which the eleetrlc chair
S stands In claberute, eflielcnt and hignlfieantly
'' large.
S( It is explained that many of the dlsugrce-
able features of the old establls-limcnt of the
ci little green deer have been eliminated. Thui
' H' will no longer be possible for condemned
men te see one or. tneir number marched
away through their narrow corridor toward
the execution chamber, nor will It be nes-
$1- stele for them te hear cicry sound even
ftsl"the hard brcathlnc of wituesse: thrench n
Si ' aufeVihnnrd wall. A renl dent-)ihiinui
that of Sing King ! There fs plenty of room
la It nnd three specially furnished jmd
.Isolated cells fur women!
If anything could bn mere gruesome than
the administration of the death penalty by
electricity it Is the persistent efforts of
l sealeus nnd unimaginative prison officials
iW , and legislators te make the legal killing of
S ," human beings seem somehow painless. The
'ittul " pcr1'0" ' t,l() s'nS Slnif deuthhnuhe
te, ' will make It nil tue mere revolting te n
vejii Mtlenal mind. If any considerable iium
iif.il' lr nt neenle could be assembled te nltneaq
killing In the electric chair there would
(Y1 jM such an outcry against present forms of
m eeiDltal punishment as would either fen.-c
i- fpiji abolition of the death penalty or compel
f'H,aji return te the elder-fashioned but mero'
.IJir'iwai.repc.
flUte execution chamber near Ilellcfente,
;ea as a unit ei me nuw western I'eui-
, Is modern iu design. It Is sup-
ytf -
. i-rt " TfS ,
-la'.V.e
sw
death lees ' terrify"! te condemned pris
eners. Yet net only the, man who Is te
be kilted but all the ether, prisoner In
the cells are awakened en the morning of
an execution by the whir of death-dealing
generators thrown Inte nctlnn en the ground
fleer. With that sound In his cars the
condemned dress and ent their last tncul
nnd depart te the chair. Hanging was net
pretty. Hut It was slniple and quickly
ever with and In nine cases out of ten uircr
than the electric current. It Is the elabo
rateness of the process of electric execution.
that makes legal hillings actually Mower and
mere agonizing than thc.v uwd te be.
THERE IS A BETTER WAY THAN
TRADING TREES FOR ENGINES
But the Currency Plan of Mr. Ferd and
Mr. Edisen Would Be a Much
Worse Way
IT WOULD be difficult te find two hotter
equipped technical etptrls in the 1 nited
States than Henry Perd and Therna A.
Edisen.
What Mr. Ferd doe net knew nheut the
manufacture of iinietuuhilc. no cue elv
knew. And Mr. Edisnn Knows ns nnicli
about the laws that gnvem the operation
of electricity n any one hn di-'ecered.
l?eth of thee gentlemen lire a lmirable
citizen, kind-hcaited. well-meaning and
beloved by their friends. Tlie im.t.ie which
induced Mr. Void te send hi- pen. e ship te
Europe vn teu hitig. H.ue was a man of
great wealth who wanted te de v.hnt he
could te brin; the war te an end. In the
innocence of hi heart lie thought n" t!lnt
wa ncecssarv vn te tend n di ligatien te
Europe te till the fighting tuitiens iluit wnr
I a horrid tlan and that tin v meht !
enmpremi-e their dtffertnre and b t the
boys go home for l'hritinn Such infantile
faith in tl'e gnu'iiirs of humtnitv wa 'ih
lime. Hut it bci'mi:" ridicuieu when it w.is
iieted upon. And if was -e "ipreniely
rldtetileus that at tlie time th beauty of ttie
emotion behind it wn ignied.
Mr. ford httR lntrli been ihi:ltiru the
limitation of hi' imnd in another direction.
He wants te ico!utleni7e tlie nmnetiTv nm.
tern of the (.euittr b jssuiii: cirreney
based en utilt" of imrci in water-power
plant'. He think th.it tin. i. mpicIi eetter
than baIis currents en sold Mt. Edi.en
seems te agtcc with him. brie lm vmt i"it
a li'-t of questions te liatiLei.. an I renin,
mi.ts throughout the country intendi I te
force them into an ndmi..inn that eurrcney
ba.ed en unit of energy and en farm prod
ucts in Government nnrehriuc i ir.u.h bet
ter than currency based en geld.
There is netiunj new in the -late of mind
indicated by Mr. Edisen's qnc-linn.. The
whole matter has been thre.hed out twi. e
during the last fifty jear-, but Mr. IMi.eu
doe net seem te be aware of It.
The first time was in tlie year jmnie.
dintely following the Civil Wcr." w'ien specie
pa.wnents bad been suspended be .inse the
Ge; eminent did net l.nv-c kmIiI eneugli with
which te red em it. net,.. Greenlmcl
were Issued. The were .the premise .if il.c
Geu'rnment te jav the or ten dollar, nr
whatever the sum might be, en demand.
They circulated freely and they wire net re
deemed. A let of ininatctir economist, began te
urge that greenback be made ihr pennn
nent eurrcney of the emnitr Tin inls(ei)
that tile credit of the Government was koeiI
enough te justify it in Is.tilm: as t ni.'h cur
rency as wa needul and te k-ep ..uing it
in increasing volume te meet tlie demands
of buslne.
These people did net' knew what money
i't nor what trade i. If tliev had Known
thej would net have belicn-d hi tlie en en
neuii' fallacy 'of gncnbui kUm.
All trade 1 barter, mere ,r i.x d!pe-t
Samuel Vuuclain, of tl. Jiuldwin I ein.i-
tire Wqrks, has latelv illunraied tliis in
his transactions with Poland. He sold te
that leuntry a let of loeeniora-es and n. -cepted
juijinent lu -faiiditu timber be.-.nie
the country had no mum-i the inlne of wlu.di
was admitted in tin- re-t of the world. He
then .old the standing timber te custnn.et
In 1'ranee and acicptul for It money that
could lie used In his business in the United
States.
The experience of eentune hie prmi-d
that it i much mere cencuicut te trade
trees for geld and geld for Imv pws tlnn
te make tb eveliange of nn Int'l.v loin lein loin
medity for another. Geld i mnh a third
oemm'iditv use( for cenvenlenie in echang
lng two ether remmf"iitie. nnd paper cur
rency is nothing mere than a premise (,f
the Gewrnraent te pay ;! 1 te the b'atcr
ea demand.
When the Government has tl sold the
paper and the coin pass run ent fur the same
value, but whn the supply uf sold i hih
ses.jnn of the Government is miiiII and the
ab.lity of tne Grve.-nment te pa it. nets
is doubtful the ;aper eurr. rity deprenati's
In value. Thif I. why the jniiej- ctlleue
of Erase, tr.il Gersr.ar.v and Italy and Itiis".
:a if r.eT M-.-h -e l.tt'e v. 'in wi..Nr,,
by 'ie A:a.-..-T! dollar, which, i worth 100
"''! !2 g'M t-eraU'e tlie Gov .. rnme:i has
w.
l.r ',
note. ,jii demand.
-:" f." l rnted .stiitei should
tii
:-. -;"'.'T f.a-ed en ihe sieurifv of unit,
'' T'.rf : i viler-rower or ir-igutmu
p.i:' it M Edisen bug:evt What would
. , , ., I.K- , )t ; ,..,, ,, J,, ,1, . ,,, jlj,,
r.e'e a'."i for 1 .s pav? A 01111 of cner.-v
i n a eerivn.i nt commodity for u.e in
barer. A batik' r who wanted .ii0.0(ie te
rn"' n nbl'.raMen in Europe iniibl net talte
hi" Government notes te tne Tt'ti-my I).',
partment and tret the eipiivuient m units of
energy and send It te Europe.
Th ug?estlen that Government notes lm
Iftwil also en warehouse rertlfpntrs issued
te farmers who hud deposited farm prol prel
ucCs in "lircproef concrete seetlennl ware ware ware
ho'jes" Is as futile ns that rnri'tiev lie
based en tbe unit of mergy. The 1'epulist
in the nlnet.es of the lust lenttin wee
urging this hunt e "cwrr'ijey r'fi.rn," and
just ns the felly of grei nhai kistn was
demonstrated a fe-v jears uirlier the fellj
of I'tinen'' based en farm piedin, hienme
app'irent, and after PepulNin nnd Lr-.viinl-in
ran its course the geld standard w i. adopted
with the approval of both V.r Iieniecrath'
and Kepiiblicin Parties.
Neither Mr. Edi-en nor Mr IV rd rretn
te understand the nature of trml" or the
function of money. If thev did th'i would
net be te lng with the exploded fallacies ,,f
past generations. They would online llnir
attention te the subjects; whl'h thej have
luasteied. The bunkers arc wic enough te
refrain from telling Mr Edi-eri hew (
upply iibetilcity te u new ne and tlie nene.
mibtN are tee well aware ei their li". nation
te give advie te Mr. Penl about the coti ceti coti
struelieu of an automobile.
CANNON'S FAREWELL
UNCr.E JOE CANNONS valedictory
written te hi fricniln in Illinois had
Imagluutieu and digniij In even ps nigra pii
Uncle Jee always l.,i bad an nbilii.v te vl'vv
life and polities cli-irly nnd te disci, s-t public
Issues lu simple terms. He dee-n't want
te stay in polities, lie would glvtt jeungcr
minds their opportunity.
There are a few questions which we should
like te put te Unclii Jee, however. He
refers rather anxiously tn "mlnleading
Idealism" an something for .which wc must
watch out as a thing le be feared. Would
the, sage of the tall grn vt inure te a 'ert
that the ruthles-s praeticall in that Jed le
tste
HaiWv .fU
tnsaiaMatil1rt4 "
Mr. Cannen itnld that he wag successftit
nnd able te achieve some geed in Congress
because he sought te speak for groups tils tils
pesed te think net within the narrow circles
of their own Individual or community lii
terct, but In n bread and national way.
Who were these people? Hew can ineiiu
incuts be erected te them If Mr. Caution
will net tell us their names?
RUNAWAY MINERS
OXCE the miners lit the Indianapolis' con cen con
ventlen had been stampeded away from
their nieic experienced nnd conservative
leaders they played, ns usual, straight Inte
the hnnds of their enemies. If the wiliest
nnti-lnber propagandist in tlie employ of
reactionary run combine had been per
mitted tn write the pregiiim of the com Pil
lion he I'eiild haie dreamed of nothing better
suited t i lu. purpose than the demand for
a six. hour da.v. "P.elielil." the operators
will say, "hevv Impossible It is te deal
reasonably with three men and hevv dan dan
gereu it would b" te permit the universal
iiiilenir.atiiut of tni'l mine. !"
Th eight -hour iln.v, which Lewis nnd his
associate believe in, repre.ents a fair work
ing standard at the mine . it involves
mere than eight hours of actual labor.
Ic:in-e of the iliMiiuec of mines fium
miners' settlements It ! often iieeessmj
for the worker te tramp for the bed
part of tut hour en his way te his job
and eti his way home. The six-hour dav
will be oppe.i d "ii principle. It would
net lc a lair arrntigeuient. The miner
lentind that It is desirable because they
de net new nvuage thirty hours weekly
throughout the .venrs and Ikcijisc, as thc.V
see It, ti t-is-l.nur day and a live-day week
would be adequate te produce nil the coal
needed In the eeimfrv. What thev sri'k I
a la-.-, e wace imdli genera! dMrihutien of
productive effort in the hit' test of men left
id'.- in tunny cemmunltie..
It should n apparent even trt the radical
lei.'ei that tVIr move is ill ti.i. -d, lllegiial
and of a sort thai will prodiiie lnet mi mi
ftveruble pxvi bidegual ic.ict.ens tlirougheut
tie I'eutilr.v. Moreover. It will huve even
wer-'i p: cbolevjicnl tricii'if v nliiu the
tiiil'ins '1 lie miue orgaiiu.nieti, tr.c spilt
iilrfidv en tl'" CiT'T.il qtieti"ti. And the
prespeit of pii.sihle ,v. eper.it Ien belwc'ti
the t nll"d Mine Wer''r- .md oilier mi mi
pertant labor organisatien., in the demon demen demon
stratlem sclieduli'd for AiumI ..eetns mere
i emote neiv than it evr vv.i- befeic. The
rail unions will tl.lnl. a b'lig lime before
they give support ie the Ilewat six-hour
day. Ilewat ha. divided the mine worker.
He has left a m Tap m a line that seemed
a few week, us" te be ns '.elid ns a rock.
Meanwhile the operator, have little uiimih
te fi ar a st uk.'. Their v.inl arc filled
with coal readv f"r the market. And a
strike . the enlv thliii lint can lerp the
market price of thi. coal a an tiling like
it. ire. ent high 'evel. The coal men were
ni tually preparing te lop from two te three
dollars off tie prl of mal wnliitj a few
months. It L .life te pre-iiiiie. following
tlie news from Indianapolis, lliey will
ihanse their tnni''-
Tlieugli it is desirable
riiiiirn v. that th uiuidcier of
Pliir.il 1'eice Mevie ldreiter Tayler
he hi might te jlistue,
theie K grave slsniiicani'i1 in the frankness
wiib u hi' h the I.e. Amide. iiellci are de-
iending en tl " I'uril d-grce te furnish them
a ilue it in.i v lc t..Kcn a a general Mile
that tl." M"r -tupll and inceinpetctit n
police depui Ii'ii nt i the imue tigeiiuis and
the mere brutal tlie thud degrte will be.
SHORT CUTS
P.H.z.inl and r.ere and thunder nnd sleet:
Pug and a sii'iv .teim. ilui ram in a sheet;
s.i'.u.hiiie and spring) line , v c nil are per-
lll vCi
What will il" weather lean de te ns next?
Iri..h Uepnli'iciin Aimv football playcis
may be said te have .(.! cd a goal.
"Time I In. At lived f"r Himw Build
ing" Hciiillilli . 'I i II li le the bitds.
I'.vldeitcc giews that the patriots for
pay aie nierclj a i ifereu tiilinuity.
Marv G'aidvn was. fventr-thiee years
old v' -tinlay and dm -n't cue who knew. it.
There i no danger le ul'C Milp of State
sfYuuilin ; s." Mu.'iv; Sli'inl , but she is
sci.iping Icr k'il.
I'leni what we run learn of the re re
I'eniliiiniiiiig of the l.i vi.uli.iu he n ems te
be taking the geld elite.
Theie .e'.ns le be dilTerein e of opinion
ns t i v In l her Judge I.awlis in.ide n home
l mi or we., strui k out
P.oeU of tub's ler riibb" rv found en fc
New "i"k ihiif I'.veii the creeks are be
coming eiiicieiii y d"pe fiend.
The J.ilcst h.nibiiiger of spnng te break
Inte prim i. a w.p. Added n..iiruiic that
the epiIiiiLt i- going te b" siuinj.
Thnatened destruction of the unrket
at Su'eiid and Pine itrict. .rives te leiniud
us that seiic'liinc. impievi ne'iils "uln'l."
1,'tH'le Jee I art'Oll's Iclfrp of fnievve)
te his con .ini' lit. 1ms. a lime of dignity
net iincxpi cied In these who knew him best.
Iluilesen nitiv llalter himself Ihnt he
is net vet tnrgilieii, biit we'll de our best
te feig'et bun ihe meiiiciit the mail tubes
are lctered.
ISn-lefi Ini. nppi'lrl'd a pie agent As
tlie luetil if lu. .HUB vi'l he cenuni'i'i oil, he
v ill ptebahly bear ughilj en cultutc and
sues- belli'-.
Senater Jehn Sharp Williams says
Hiipperier "f i ix' Pi'iiius I'l'l aie pelltic.il
coward. tJid-Tnuer i rtnitily bun u gift for
terse character! .nt ion.
A Winstcd. Celin , woman, finding one
of bet Inn. if ling ir.ingi !v, killed ii and
leutid it le (eni lin -i i gg.. Mi lanchely
in-tuiiee "I ti-'iaml of trad';.
A wink'.- iM'ivlng st.iijen h.'i' been
iii.f.illed en the ver.iiuui of n Chicago golf
i lubheiisi! se thai jui-uibeis mil v listen te
I'nir f.iveri'e pnei en .sunil.n meriiing.
Hut will it s"'iu like chinch without a
(olltclienV
Mary Gardul when asked whv mere
a tile Al'iieiiian did net b'cemc epeia
singers said it w. lneau-t Americans hated
gr'.i-" Ji il"1- "''' I.'ini'" bucd It. Mary
continue te hint nt deep philosephlral
truths while she fiivel.
A hungry boy I, .is l,ecn ,u rested in New
JVirl: for asking alie of a ildeilnr. Clear
ease. .el eulv wa. I" mli'iiigiiig en the
rlgbt.i of tlie prufi -lenil piiiil,.iinlirs, Imt
he made a notable umr ei judgiiieiit. lie
should hint brand a blinceat.
Seat In windows en Londen sheets
through vvhiih Prlii"-. Ihi'v'h wedding
prorcien will piened aie being mid for
s,7." iiiileee, This .ngu's the poss(st.eu by a
let of people of tiietu v tiny aie anxious te
et nil of nnd shuuld prove an encounige enceunige
nii ut in tiiile-iiifn Willi wihlcnt stock.
Ilerrlck. of flklaluunn, ehleeted te the
pigment of SeOOO le the Japniiese Govern Gevern
ini'iit a (einpi nsiitieu te the family of a
man killed lu Hawaii en tie gieuml thai
li Japanese cun sub. 1st en one-found of
what it tul.es te Misliu a white petMiu,
i, ud that $H00 would be eiieusli. 'J'li.lt linn
h i in (he Hen e. He ought te be in
the diplomatic service.
A LrBErWritLLlSTE
ft2i-3
.Curator Jerdan 8ays Twe Bella Eic,
actly Alike Were Cast What Be-
came of the Second I St. Au
gustlne Church Story
By OKOKOB NOX McCAIN -
Wirib'ltED JORDAN tells lucji most in
teresting story.
Ah curator of Independence llnll, n stu
dent and n historian, Mr. Jerdan ii the
repository ut n vast amount et interesting
information.
The results of many of hi. Investigations
regarding relics, mementoes and the history
of Cplenlnl dn.vs have never appeared lu
print.
Such Is the case with reference te some
new facts: about the Liberty Bell.
Itnllier 1 should say "the ether Liberty
Hell."
Ah IL new appears there wcre two of
them.
Perhaps the lady in California who wrete
te Mayer Moere about n bogus Liberty Hell'
hud some ground for her unique inquiry.
One. the object of patriotic adoration,
hangs in its ornamental framework lu Inde
pendence Hull.
What about the ether Liberty Hell?
Thai is the m.vstcr.v.
"TT IS a historical fact which I de
J. believe has ever get iute print
net
be-
loie. sani .vi r. '.Ionian.
"There were two identical State Heuse
Eel hi.
"The first Is preserved In Independence
Hall, our Liberty Bell, being the third cast
ing of the eilgluul metal us iir.st imported
from England.
"A serend bell, nlmest identical as te
size, shape and wording with the first was
ordered In England, paid for bv the Colonial
Assembly mid shipped te Philadelphia."
The curator elaborated this intensely in
teresting historical stutcmeai with the fol
lowing remarkable explanatien:
"rnllE Province of Pennsylvania net being
- thought able te supply n bell of the
proportions needed for the tower of the
State Heufc. en October ll, IT.'il, a bell
was ordered made in England of about L'000
pounds weight, wllli the following inscrip
tion in part:
" 'Proclaim Liberty through nil the Inpd
te nil (he inhabitants thereof. Levit.
.xv. 10.' "
"This bell." snld Mr. Jerdan, "nrrlved
nt Philadelphia in August, lfu'-', In appar
ent geed order.
"Upen being tested iu September of that
year it cracked."
What fellows is from an old cliienlelcr
of that day who, in lament and satisfaction,
i quoted by Mr. Jerdan:
"'It wus cracked by n stroke e'f the
clapper without any violence, us It was hung
up te try Hie sound; though this was net
ver.v iigiceahie te us, wc concluded te send
It hack bj Captain liudden. but he could
net lake it en beard, upon which Iwo
ingenious weikmen undertook le eau It here,
anil 1 am new- just informed thej have thin
da opened the meld nnd have get u geed
bell, which. I confess, pleases me ver.v
much that wc should first venture upon anil
succeed in the greatest bell inst for uugbt 1
knew in English America. "
rTIIIIri first American casting, Mr. Jerdan
J- point nut. was nlse a faulty one, and
Pass A. Stew, the founders, asked permis
sion, d cast it the second time.
"Thi permission was granted nnd the
third riistiim of tlie first bell K ihe Libert v
Ile'l an wc have It today," said Mr. .Ionian".
"These in charge of the State Heuse,
however, were dubious as tn Puss & Stevv's
ability te produce a geed bell.
"Hence, en April 11. 17."."., n second bell
wa ordered by tlie As-embly In England 'te
he ns neail identical with the first as pos pes
liblc' "rplli: bell duly nrrived at Philadelphia
J- in 17.-l.
"Ill Ihe liiennllme P:.s & Slew hint tim-
dnced in the third casting u satisfactory
bell which was ncccptid and paid for at a
cost of fi;e I;;.. Tid.
"On tlie arrival of the s(.Cerl EnSn.h
bell there ar i dlffeienee of opinion as te
Ihe neceptnbHit.v of II.
"It was admitted, in comparing the sec
ond English rusting with Hint of Push &
Mew, that "(he dlfl'i'ietiee in renipuriug them
in net very great.' as one wrote.
"'1 lie toniievei'.v ie. tilled ill an order by
Iho As.ctnblv. dated August EI, 17el, te
n t.uii beih bell..
"As fur as 1 have been aide te ascertain,"
-aid 'uiater Jerdan, "our American bell
leiiliiiucil te b" used in Independence Hull.
" 1 In re is u well-known tradition that the
Libert P.ell vva.s biiriel iu a mud ll.it along
tlie lleluwnie River somewhere this side of
'lietileti pisi before the Iiiili.li occupied
Philadelphia.
"Ilislery proves thai the Stnte Heuse
I tell was st'crited in Allinlevvn during thib
period.
"'I here was a second State llouse Bell.
What btcanir of it'"
Who inn answer Curuter Jeidun'sj ques
tion V
rpIIU present bell in (he cupola of Indo Inde
X penitence Hall was presented by Hcury
N.vbri t in LS7ii.
It wan cast en April !"' of that year, and
en July Fourth It wus rung for the first
time.
An interesting fact connected with the
present bell is that its metal is doubly his
toric. It i. compo-ed of a mlvlure of 7S per cent
Luke Supetier reppet and 'JI! per icnt of tin.
With these was included metnl taken from
two million used b the Mriliidi and Ameri
cans in the War for Independence.
Seme metnl from u cannon used by the
United Sluice feri e. in the Mew in Wnr
and by the Confederates and the Union
Armv ut th" Untile et Gctt.vshurg.
Mr. Se.vbeil was an nidi ul spiritualist.
line of the sterici connected with the bell
i- tluit I 'e pltlt of Ihe mother of the donor
dii'fted liiiu, through a medium, te have the
bell iii-t and prceni! d te Philadelphia.
It win net te be tung until one minute
ufler midnight of Julv .'I, IS70.
Cast by Mencel.v kVc Kiniberly, of Trey,
N. Y., It wns necessur.v te test the tone and
metal after It was fast at the foundry.
This was a violation of tlie bpint's In
M ru t Inn through the medium, and when he
heard of it Mr. Sebert became greatly
em aged.
rpIIEEE Is another story about the Liberty
1. P.ell that amis cm rent a quarter of u ccn
turv age.
It was that the original bell of 177(5 was
damaged slieitl.v after (lie beginning of the
nineteenth ceiitur, and wus sold for a few
hundred dollars te the Reman Catholic
Chinch of St. Augu tine, which had it re
cast nnd hung in lis steeple.
Thu pre-ent .bell te' k its place nnd wjih
t nuked while lolling thu death of Chief
Justice Maishall in IK!.",
ritll'ltW' tllll llels of t S, I 1 Slf lllr.ii.ll.,'.
Church wits burin d and the bell melted arid
wa ruined.
Sum" of I he nietnl was saved by these who
did net recegiue it historic value and was
made Inte buckle, for the belts of -Volunteer
luc'iien of the cilv.
Al leust, that was the story.
Hie PenusIiaiua .State
Crimp in Police Department ion-
Banditry templates wireless sig-
"uls te trap auto
banditt. I lie local police are net .vet
equipped te co-epu-ate but equipment may
come later. Lec.illv Ihcie might be virtue
lu ii scheme recently suggested lu .New
"lurk. The moment pellm headiiuaiteis
was notified of a held-up the touching of
n button would iiuiemuticully light red
lamps ut evtrv i-iessing within a mile, of
operations. The trnllic policemen would
lljeu step all trullic and carefully scrutltiUe
the ecciipniitH of every automobile before
permuting them I" pa ,s It would either
put a 1'iluip in the uuiek geliiwu of the
ciei;k or ((iiickl.v ideiitil' Jjl ui.
JM'ffi:
.se-v
vur
ty n ,iiS
' M v,
" '
r jj...
r";':,"
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! '
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadeluhians en Subjects They
Knew Best
DR. G. HARLAN WELLS
On Educating Sufficient Nurses
IT IS difficult today for a per.seu of opu
lence te get n competent nurse in case of
Illness, but It is almost impossible for a
person of moderate means, siijh Dr. G.
Harlan Wells, clinical professor of medi
cine nt Hahnemann Medical College.
"This situation." baid Dr. Wells, "actu
ullv exists In Philadelphia today a city
long noted as u center of medical education
mid Willi mere hospitals and nurses' train
ing schools in proportion te its size than any
ether city in the United States.
"Evefv family in the city is directly uf
fected by this situation, and the time i.s nt
hand when the physicians, the nurses and
the public ill general should insist that such
changes be made in our system of educating
nurses n will provide an adequate supply
te meet our institutional and private needs.
Causes of the Deficiency
"Tilt re nrc several causes for the decreas
ing number of competent nurses available
for private work, of which the following are
the principal: , ,
"First. A young woman must have had
one nr two vear.s of high school vvetk before
she Is permitted te enroll eh a student nurse
in an accredited training school.
"Second. The period or training outlined
by the Pennsylvania Stnte Beard of Ex
aminers for the Rcglslr.it ion of Nurses
covers three full .venrs, and tlie course of in
struction, both in its theoretical and prac
tical aspects, In of such diameter us te
make unusual demunil.s upon both the men
tal and the puj ideal capacity of the studeut
nurse.
"Third. During these three years the
student nurse ircclves from the hospital her
loom, meals, laundry nnd a small financial
compensation wliich averages !10 a month.
Sin; must provide her own uniforms, cloth
ing, books, etc., and pay nil Incidental ex
penses. Yeung women who bine no means
of support outside of their own earnings nrc,
therefore, frequently deterred from enter
ing the training bdioels.
Many Nurses Marry
"Fourth. Only a small proportion of tlie
nurses graduating c.ich .vcifr me found en
gaged In private nursing thrre carn after
graduation. The education and the experi
ence they acquire in dealing with human
niituie hi nil its aspects stem te render the
trained nurse unusually attiactlve te the
sterner iex, and u large proportion of them
marry within -thiee years after their gradu
ation and give up their professional work.
''Our hospitals, tee, require a large num
ber of nurses its supervlseis and Instructors,
while social servile activities, factories nnd
charitable institutions ere iitill.lug Iho
services of nurses lu constant! iiu-ienslug
numbers. It Is thus appaienl that only a
veiy small propuitien of these whom our
training schools graduate each jear actually
engage in private nursing for any (-.'.tended
period, mid, therefore. It is net strange se
few of them are available.
High Cost of Nursing
"Nurses, who huve bpeut three ears In
training and who have ncquiicd a high de
gree et technical skill are worth and can
command u fee for their services which
places them be.vend the reach of families of
moderate means in ordinary cases of Ill
ness. Iu ciikch where surgical operations
are peifeiuied, or in serious Illness, wn.vs
are usually found le meet the expense in in
velved. That liie'anu an cicnse of nppioxl nppiexl
inatel: 100 u week if the services of a day
ami a night nurse nrc required, as is usual
in cases of a serious churucter.
"in the cases of patients suffering from
miner illnesses or long-lasting disease, the
problem is u mero difficult one te the family
of average means.
"lu ninny such instances the nature of
the service requlicd by the invalid Is net of
biich ehuiuctcr na te rcqulre an attendant
wiib the high degree of technical training
that tlie icglstercd nurse possesses; jet the
pal lent miis cither employ n registered
nurse at n siihin which, while entirely fMr
when measured by the ability of the nurse,
is decidedly disproportionate te the services
u-qulred by the patient, or else attempt te
secure the services of soma kindly but un
trained person who has; usunlly drifted into
nuisliig because of (lie lack of any ether
lueaiis et securing a livelihood. It is rule,
tXAW M .''jJlXet BBBBBBBUB KBBBBBBBB)P'aJiBBlVBBBBSBBBBBBBBBBBBW'HBBHBBflBBBBbBa flljfttf" "
- BBStSI BJBB7 WBBBBBBBBedS-
29efaTClWfirf&iBBliBw . f-r?sS:iai'- ,.-.!??5l.- ""S
l .iOJaEBJBO-"''', -. IS . ,fi-' """
'"'VTv vZ'",cL - r t ili. r---- 5
tam ,tj f I eaVr;t'4a .i ".' . B1
' r'Zfc""!' J.sL'lP"",'' 'm iii'f'S" ""'
4-r i. -- ljir- n,e , - mc.T. ''
"TT5,
. nr r-w
itu?-
Indeed, that any of the se-called 'practical'
nurses huve had any Instruction whatever
In the fundamentals of modern nursing,
and, therefore, only a small proportion of
them can be lelled upon te perform even
the simplest duties requiring technical
knowledge.
"The reined for tlie present lack of com
petent nurses is for our hospitals nnd train
ing schools te provide u ene-jear course
where jeung women cun be trained te act us
'practical' nurses.
"Tlie entrance requirements for bilcii a
eeur.-c should be the equivalent of n grammar-school
educatien: the scope of the in
struction given should include the general
hygienic care of patients, preparation of
loeds for the sick, tlie pieper administra
tion of medicine, recording tlie temper
ature, pul-e ami respiration und modern
antiseptic teciinlc.
"Any Intelligent woman can be made
practically proficient along these lines in
the course of one jear.
Assisting Regular Nurses
"The snipe of thc work of nures se
I rained would be tu nsi-t the registered
nurses In the care of operative or ether
cases of serious character; te administer te
convalescents or te patients suffering from
the milder dlseidei-.s, and te relieve regis-
ered nurses engaged in social or ether char
itable activities of much routine work In
order that they may be mere profitably en
gaged in duties requiting a' higher degree
eUcchnleul und professional skill.
"Above all, it would render available for
persons of limited means the services of n
group of vemig women with lufiicieut tech
nical train ng te comply with tl,e pr.ic leal
needs of the patient and of the hHcinn
I ii large proportion of the cases of erd iiarv
illness at ,. cost which would adequmelV
empensa c the iiune and, ut the a time
upetnrinvand?'''" ""d"C i"u"ci!tI i
I What De Yeu Knew?
QUIZ
v?,?, yv,V slr,''ornce Plunkett"
li,de UUtl'er of "Dr- J" nnd Mr.
wiJSt,.V'iw&?Laurea, of "'-
Xii'" ,nu' "eted pirates
WhJlliLi,.V"'a"1 '''' "fortissimo" in music"
who Is the composer of "Tinvii.iv,us,c;
vviia, , the hJllrw e,, 'Hnt' nd
AMiat l.i meant by brumiimgem''?
JO.
Answers te Yesterday Quiz
Ge2fr5lea,r,ear breB0" ,s " Resident
Afn5;W---ere
"TNew,Viaw!:l",a" ," "0 ""'"""e of
Gerald (iiliflu (lS03-181f . . ,
diai.i.itlst and novels ,,,ln"f, Ji, ?1'
'elleglaiu " ;i rebuVt .,,,,1 f e," ,,, "10
riitnuiice of nr,. i,, ii' ,.', ""' weeded
thu last cent,!!, ,rcKu"1 -urly m
Jeliann Htraus.s was ihe wait- I i
i-eser of ,!u, "piui'Su'uhe:'n':.'A,rTiS;
ueLr,,,ltra,,,U,;s T ".
Uulxete." "Lw uk ' 'r ' e "l"jn
tlen" And oller 1 1-, llirfniYlt,n,"L""n
Oscar Minus Is Itew.t,"'? of?!8
I'liocel.ito Soldier." "Thl, 0ft,.r,'
e ,"l "if d (""er "K"' "I eras M aIU
Oakum la tbe muKilai eutiiiii..i -
, untvylstliiK and pukinl 1 m"1
old hempen lopes It is i ,7..i ,"''1'
lng rtuiiis In beatH ,aU fcr cill-
A cantata Is a inuslcal comnesitinn ,.
ten for foIe voices reiic""tC(j JJn..? r,t
and chorus, it H less fernmt . ""Uel"1
oruterlo as we I as lis? X i"'.1 UP
subject. Jtellgleus "he, ,?s u,1,1" ''
tieuted lu ouiterlDH ud',n,ll,Ui'11)'
jeets In Camillas ?r ei eras ti',!; 8Ub-
atn differs from the eic, IiPy!,.''.''1!:
Is presented without scenu J11, 'n lt '
or action. esencij, coatume
"The IJuelless" vaH tlin e. .
by Mrs. Mu.igelfordv'ie"''1"'",'!"''
Jjenular novels of h, 'mm '"f;
" !heiu,el!abf,t;c,,;.;i!,i;.r''!1-'' m
u; a mark of s npa w ff ' tle eV0"
of tbe eullletlne, vvliOHu L -v.. tll"',
Short In-fore eeiutlen V "" uxtl
Henry Culmt Lecbje, of M..,, ,i,,,
the Itcpiibllcuii luderii. he l 'T. ''i
aiatcu jn.ite. " l",J u"Util
10.
' rmmmmmm
e. - . L I IPIII II I ai.ili . l "t
.:, nvr i x:jt
vbii. ,w"
HUMANISMS
By William atiikkten du pit '
A HOUND the Committee en Imlinn
x Affairs lu CeitBress It is net an mitimul
siglit te see delegations of stolid aborigine!
from the West waiting with infinite patience
te ee tiearii en some matter of legis'atlm
which nflccts them. There are many quaint
stories of incidents Ibut lmvu occurred about
tuts committee, hut prebablv the most ninui-
lng Is that of (Juiinah Parker, chief of thl I
i 'iniauclies, who often used te visit With
iugten.
This same committee of Congress made it J
unlawful for any Indian te have mere thui
one wue. out the iiiiiiiius iinld little atten
tion te the law. Quuiuili, being questioned,
admitted that members of his tribe lm,l nln.
ral wives. He was admonished te go liemi
and tell them that this condilleu of affairs
must no longer exist: that the additional
wives should be sent home te their parent,."
tviu-ii net ne appeared before the com
mittee the following conversation took place:
"Did uu tell your bucks that tliey mint j
have but one wife, Parker?" asked the chair-
man.
"Yes," said Parker, "me tell 'cm.'"
"I)id they Krt rid of the extra wives?"
ics. till cone." niiswcicl- il Iilnf
"Hut," urged tlie chairman, "I am told
mm .veu jeurseu nave siv wives, l'nrler."
"Ve.s," sid Parker, "me get six."
"New, this will net de, Parker," admea-
isiitu the cliaiimnn. "Yeu have get te jet
rid of the extra wives. Yeu te lieme
and tell them te leave. Send them back
te t neir parents. Tell them te go home."
1 he old Indian sat a moment in silence,
llll-ll hJHlhl' ;
"Yeu tell 'em," he suid.
he refugees, says Charles It. Grant, of
Cluciige. who recently spent six weeks la
Itussiu, are the most vuluuble asset of that
inneminate nation.
In liiissiu, he continues, intellectual life U
dead, 'te be known ns an intellectual is te
court (lentil. Most educated neon e haven-
ready been murdered. One puts himself
under suspicion If lie nivcs evidence of learn'
lng. Heeks have luruerv illsniinenreil. Thl
few newspapers are run 'for Bolshevist rtep'
uBiinua purposes.
Edisen McGrnth fought in the Civil W
and lias for fifty jeers been mi etnpleji
ui uiu Jicusury ucpuiiment iu Washington.
Net long age he steed outs-ide that de
partment ul closing time and watched it
empty itself of Its multitude, of emnleiel.
11111(1 up quite extensively of jeung glrllj
.,, iinu siuvcrnmeni service irem su
points or tne cempubs. Ituddv-cheelieiJ,
ueuueu-naircd. abhrcvlatPil-sklrtcd, wile,
bteeiiinged wcre many of these yeunf
women, be representative of thc fairest thing
that has resulted from u collaboration el
naiure anu art that editors can find Hem
ing te compete with them as uiagai'M
covers. ,
A" friend et Edisen McGrath's nppreacbel
him and usked him why he lingered.
Melirath explained that he was eiigajtM
In the well-knevvn occupation of watching
i Hem ke ny,
"Hew- old lire you?" asked his friend.
"Eiglity-scven," . nrtlculnted Mctiratb,
clearly nnd ilclibernMv. ,
Then, us an nfter-theught, and iatcnselj
uiieiiL-ii ciencneil teeth:
"GOfj DUUN IT!"
lick in 1017. out tn Lewlstnn. Idaho. S
region sometimes called Uerahland. tlirrevvas
a jeung bank cashier mimed Fred N. Shep
herd who went te his bns-j nnd said te mm
that be believed that he, the cashier, h'j
cef nbeur all out of Ihnf eenimiinltv that "
liud te offer him, lie w'as guins lu'loek fe'
a nigger tieiu.
Sthetlherd hml inntln cemntlilti'- ,f n rCDU
tatiun for himself In caiiipnlgnlng, ihreiig'i
the American Bunkers' Association fr
meie s.vmpathctlc co-operation en the l'J
of individual banks with the federal i
The Chamber of Commerce of the UnlteJ
States was nt just that tlme looking for
manager of its field service. Shepherd M
Mini ent I lie fnlt nt ttvlnn llin niener III bid
been getting. De made'n go of it, uiadl
oewerfnl friends In iihieit rtlles
The- ether day the American Hankers' As
feciatiun found itself iu need of nn emu-,
live mannuer. some one te encrnte an eigajll
..ie,,, .,,,, iw..,i .f u n,i i i.u stlifD
herd seemed just the man, He was eu'erM
the pest en u bums that again doubled bK
pay.
St,, ,11,1 n Ii!,li1; entliln it, ,1 M'ellf-rn (OVVUi
with uiiibltieii und I lie connive te sl'l.
ulield, go fur in a brief five jear.
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