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EVENING PUELIO LEDlPHltlfeBIiPHlA, afflDAY," JAOTT&RY 10, '5L$2
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.DAVID R. 8MII.i:r.
..Editor
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PMIidtlphlt, Tufi.liy, January 10, 1922
SEEMS TO PLEASE EVERYBODY
rpHE comments made In Washington en
X the nppeintuicnt e Geerge Wharten
X'eppcr indicate tliat tlie eliaracter find
Abilities of the mnn arc well known there.
It would have been difficult for Governer
Sproul te have picked a mnn who would
liava been welcomed mere graciously te the
Senate by the member1 cf that body.
All the lenders who have been seen are
pleased with the lippeintment and make
appreciative remarks about the qualifica
tions of the new Senater. Ills reputation
lias gene before him and prepared the way
tot his active and immediate participation
in the work e the Senate.
This must be as gratifying te the Gov Gov
ereor as it Is te every ether bread-mluded
Citizen of the State.
NOVELTIES IN CRIME
IN ONE day's news thcie were narratives
of th'ce men who, at various places and
ler various reasons, fought slashing duels
Vrith pollce in the public street. Twe com
mandeered motorcars, poked pistols in the
tars of the drivers and se made speed te
Kafcty. Anether with a pistol in ench hand
managed te pet from New Yerk te this city
and te elude hundreds of watching police
men until he was caught yesterday in a
Hedman street bearding 1ieut.
There was nothing like thjs in what are
called the geed old days. Criminals of the
"violent sort certainly are mere violent rind
mere audacious than they used te be. Seme
jiersens believe that the new type of gun
man is a product of the war and that his
psychology is the result of familiarity with
Jlrcarms gained in Europe. Others insist
that he is a product of hunger and hard
times. There arc ether observers who be be
lleve that drugs used as substitutes for pro pre
hiblted liquor are responsible for the reck
less violence of the new type of gunman.
There is nn interesting field here for specu
lation nnd research, and one iu, which police
Vmclals, IE they were given te habits of
literary expression, might find much te in
terest the general public.
, SUPERFLUOUS TINKERING
TICKLISH problems of interpretation
are suggested by Representative Ed
monds' plan of a Federal constitutional
amendment making lr treasonable for any
person te attempt "te incite by word or
deed the establishment of any new form
of government except bj amendment te
the Constitution as provided herein." Mr.
Edmonds has proclaimed himself as for free
' speech, but net for "traitorous free speech."
His proposal recalls the effort of the llrbt
State Legislature under the Sproul Admin
istration te set new limitations en oral or
printed comment. The net passed seen
fter the residence of Attorney General
J'nlmer had been wrecked by a bomb has
never been enforced. In the first place, no
occasion for resorting te its authority ever
resc; In the second, that authority 1ms
been appreciably weakened by amendment
Pt Uarrhburg. yW
The vast majority of the American public
3s totally out of sympathy with se-called
,' '"red" or anarchistic principles. The aver-
use citizen, however, is inclined te rely en
V" teeth the constitutional safeguards of free
Beech and the constitutional definition of
treason. Section 3, Article III, of the
Inderal instrument declare' that "treason
rtgalnst the United States shall consist only
in levying war against th?m, or in adher
ing te their enemies, giving them aid and
comfort."
This is explicit. Announcement permit
ting courts te decide what utterances rep
resented attempts te incite revolution and
wjiat did net would conceivably lead te
ricd definitions of the word "traitorous."
As it new stands the fundamental luw
ems te hae protected the N'utien with
considerable effectiveness.
THE SOVIET'S OPPORTUNITY
rtONFIUMATION of the report circulated
in Londen that' Hussiu hu-. accepted the
Invitation te the economic conference
marks a heartening and a decisive change of
heart since the days of the I'rlnkipe pro pre pro
pesal. Assuredly the outside neild would
rejeice at any evidence of the Soviet's de de
elre te co-eperute sincerely In the cttlernent
of world problems.
Entrance into ihe discussions at (Icnea
lays no obligations whatever upon the (,'om (,'em
.snunlBt envoys. If they ure appalled at
ingrained capitalism they can return te
Moscow without biierifielng their principles.
JJilt facc-te-face argument, however vio
lent, Is an immense Improvement ever mi mi
lfttlen in the disposition of knotty problems.
Jtccognitlen of the Soviet (ievernmerit by
the major European l'evvers is made con
tingent upon Moscow's acceptance of the
obligations urislng from old debts. Hut thii
is a theme apart from the participation of
fhe Hussiens in the parley. If they arc as
proud of their policies as they assume te be
they should be unafraid te discuss them,
!?rn in the presence, of alleged enemies.
CITY VS. COUNTRY
F! USED te be supposed that thu open
COlHltrv belli nil tli 'nli'ii, .,.,..., 1,1.1.
&$ eople seek who desire te get the most hup.
f plness out of life. Citlis weru advertised
lU places dangerous te health Hut in the
ripert just issued by Dr. Furbush for the
Department of Health it is shown thai vir
tually all communicable disease ure being
slowly and surely brought under control in
l'hlladelphla. Th pregresn of this work
J Indicated by the low- mortality into for
ths last year. Incidentally, Dr. Kurhiish
remarks that virtually all typhoid new
aund in Philadelphia is "brought ln from
thoeutsldo." That is, it is brought in from
jiWes where there1 nre nene of the strict
; j(uitatiea aws peculiar te cities and no
pclcntlfie control of Ihe water supply. In
some instances the ntcragc death rate In
American cities is far below that reported
from country districts.
Cities may be congested and' thry de net
always provide Iho frrshest air or the most
wholesome recreations. Hut they meke up
for their natural shortcomings with scien
tifically organized agencies te apply In the
interest of public health nnd welfare the
knowledge which research continues te make
nvallable. That Is net always dene in the
country. '
IT IS EASY TO LAY THE
LA FOLLETTE BUGABOO
The Senate Can Keep the Wlscenslnlan
in His Place as the Heuse Discouraged
the Ambitions of Congressman Vare
THE death of Senater Penrose has brought
Senater La Kellette se near te the head
of the Committee en Finance that certain
timid politicians in Washington nre talking
about asking the President te use his influ
ence te defeat La Follette for re-election
this year.
The President is net likely te Interfere
wltli the freedom of choice in Wiscenln
even if lie should be asked te de it. It is
dangerous business for a President te try
te dictate in the choice of member? of either
house of Congress. Ne President has ever
dene it without being condemned, and presi
dential interference has seldom accomplished
the ends sought.
Mr. Harding is the kind of man te say
that If the voters of Wisconsin wisli te be
represented by Ln Fellette in the Senate
no one should sny them nay. La Follette
has, satisfied them for nearly eighteen years.
It may be that he will contlnue te sntisfy
them. AH efforts te exclude him from the
Republican Senate caucus hove thus far
failed, and his refusal at times te abide by
the caucus decisions has net been enough
te induce his cellcngncs te deny te him
Republican standing.
The chnnces of Senater La Fellcttc's be
coming chairman of the Finance Committee
depend en the enforcement of the seniority
rule. He is new the third member of the
committee. Senater Smoot has served en it
longer than he and is new the second mem
ber, and Senater MeCumbcr. who has suc
ceeded te the chairmanship through the
death of Senuter Penrose, has moved up
from second te first place through the opera
tion of the rule that the man who has been
en the committee longest shall be its chair
man. La Fellette Is also the third member
en the Committee en Interstate Commerce
nnd the second member en the Cemtnittce
en Indian Affairs and the chairmnn of the
Committee en Manufactures. He is getting
se near the top that serious consideration
must be given te the problem which he
presents.
That problem can be solved by the Senate
itself without the interference of the Presi
dent in Wisconsin politics. The simple way
te de it Is te abolish the seniority rule and
te make up the committees ln accordance
with tbe ti(nes of the various Senators
te carry out the policy of the party through
the action of these committees.
The eusu of La Felletf is net the only
one which would be disposed of by such a
course. Senater lterah muj trouble the
committee frnmers some time, for he is the
third member en the Committee en Fercigu
Relations.- Senater Ledge, nn old man who
will seek re-election this year, is chairman
of that committee. Senater MeCumbcr,
who has just become chairman of the Com
mittee en Finance, Is the second member,
and Uerah is the third. In the event of
the retitcment or disability of Ledge it
would be necessary for McCumber te cheese
between the chairmanship of his present
committee and that en Foreign Relations.
lie could net well preside ever both com
mittees. If he should prefer the Commlttee
en Finance then Rernh. under the seniority
rule, would become chairman of the com
mittee which handles all treaties .uud has
general charge of all matters relating te
foreign affairs.
He ls'the kind of parochial-minded Amer
icnu who ought te be kept in the back
ground when the foreign policy of the
Notion is being framed.
The Heuse of Repreentatlvcs found n
way out of a similar predicament when
James W. Geed, chairman of the Com
mittee en Appropriations, resigned. Charles
11. Davis, of Minnesota, was in line for
the chairmanship and William S. Vare, of
Pennsylvania, came next te Duvis. Rut
Instead of making Dnvls chairman the place
was given te Martin IJ. Madden, of Illinois.
Daniel J. Antheny, Jr., of Kansas, was
placed next in order te Davis, and Vare,
who had been the third member of the com
mittee, with Geed as cbuirraau. is new
the fourth member of Madden's committee.
If the Heuse can dispose of the preten
sions of Vare te the chairmanship of one
of its most important committees the Senate
ought te be able te dispoe of any claims
of La Follette or lierah.
AN ARMAMENT QUANDARY
BRITISH opposition te restrictions upon
the arming of merchant vessels was
forecast when the submarine limitation plan
failed of adoption by the AVnshingten Con
ference. The conversion of merchantmen into
warships of a bert was justified during
the World Wur us a defense against the
utter savagery of thu l'-beat depredations.
Frem the standpoint of lntcrnotlennl law
it was net because of the capture of trade
ships that pretests were raised, but en
account of the ruthlessness of the methods
applied.
It Is plain, therefore, that objections te
the equipment of commerce carriers with
guns are equ.valcnt te suspicions uf the
validity of the pledges made concerning the
use of undersea craft. If submarines arc
net te attach units of the merchant marine,
it would appear that the arming of these
ships Is contrary te the spirit of the limita
tions program.
The largest commerce-carrying nations
Great lirltalu with twenty-two million tens
of shipping nnd the United Stntes with
seventeen will enjoy vast naval potentiali
ties if their peace fleets are milltantly
transformed ln wur. Naturally it is France
and Italy, with greatly inferior tonnage,
that nre most eager te have merchant ships
excluded from the bellicose class.
If, however, their acceptance of humane
principles respecting submarines are sin
cere, ft may well be asked why thty are se
emphatically opposed te urmed trade ves
sels. The situation raises some delicate
problems ln geed faith.
Certainly bubmnrlnes that nre well be
haved reduced the perils of unarmed mer
chantmen. Is the new covenant te delude
trade ships from attack an authentic prom prem
ise or n gesture?
There will be a disposition te assign the
pledge te the former heartening category
new that a six-Inch gun limitation In mer
chant lleets Is said te be in the draft of the
four-Power treaty.
LIGHT ON BARLEYCORN
FRANK, open and vigorous discussion is
geed medicine for nil the social, politi
cal und ccenimilc ailments with which hu
manity is aflliclcs from time tn time. There
is no reftsen why any nien with a particular
view of the prohibition question should
hesitate te express his beliefs or why he
shpuld net he applauded for 30 doing Hut
Itabbl Krauskopf will be called recklessly
llbcralje1?je mere ardent "drys'J because
he flatly nnd frankly said that the Velstead
low is tee rigid te be useful, just or prac
ticable. Similarly lllshep Berry was as
sailed for n sizzling arraignment of the new
entl-'Mry" organization nnd its members.
What Rabbi Krauskopf and Hlshep
Retry seem te forget is that a law like the
Velstead net cannot be created or destroyed
by these who discuss It in public addresses.
It Is through such discussion that public
opinion is clarified. Ne one knows what
the public actually thinks of the "dry"
laws. It is doubtful whether the public has
made up im mind. Opinion commonly ex
pressed is obviously inspired by zeal or
prejudice or irritation or anneynnce or some
ether state of mind that It cleerrly tem
porary and transient. Seme "drys" have
become "wcls," but a for larger number
of "wets" arc slowly becoming "dry."
The man who complains loudest about what
He calls a restriction upon his personal lib
erties will invariably hesitate if you nsk
him whether he would permit n renewal of
the public sale of whisky.
Crimes and abuses and frauds perpe
trated by bootleggers hhve disgusted thou
sands of peeple with whisky nnd the whisky
business. Still the country needs open nnd
intelligent discussion of the philosophy of
Velstendlsm. lly that means and thnt means
only we shall be brought te ti common ac
ceptance of the law or te n mood In which
Its revision may be rationally considered.
THE WORLD AND IRELAND
AN OBSERVANT and sympathetic
world, listening te the debate nt Dub
lin, desires most of nil te sce Ireland nt
peace with herself nnd with the English.
The struggle nnd the strlfe, the conflicts of
spirit nnd purpose nnd aim and the tides of
misfortune that have swept ever the green
est of isles for centuries without interrup
tion would have utterly exhausted a less
virile country. ' Ireland needs time for rest
nnd recuperation nnd tranquil reflection nnd
effort. And, llke virtually every ether
country under the sun, it needs te cultivate
an ability te forget mucli.
The past' of almost every civilized State
Is sad enough. The history of the white
man's civilization is a strange record of
Impulses magnificent and base, of saintli
ness and deviltry, of vision nnd violence. If
the Irish people continue te stare intently
into the past they will find much te grieve
and embitter them. Se, for that matter,
would the people of any ether land.
The world has conic te sce that it is only
the future that matters nnd that the less
we think and talk of what is done the sooner
we shall find peace. It Is for that reason
that the treaty for the establishment of nn
Irish Free Stnte must seem satisfactory te
any reasonable Irishman nnd te all the in
numerable friends of Ireland. The Irish
and the English need each ether's friend
ship mere than they need any ether thing
in the world. In no ether way can they be
prosperous or be safe.
The refusal of the Dail Kircann te admit
the validity of Mr. de Valcra's claims by
re-electing him as President of nn Irish Re
public shows clearly thut even the fighting
Nationalists at Dublin sce the felly of n
policy that weuld'permit ghosts of the dead
past te stund forever between two peoples
whose chief desire is a better, richer nnd
hnppicr wuy of life.
Generations age Ireland's right te a new
deal in government was recognized by nil
fiiir-mimisd people. Hut, even though jus
tice was delayed, there can be no geed in
any effort te held the present generation of
English statesmen and English people re
sponsible for the sins of the Teries who pie
ceded them. If they will remember in Dub
lin thnt the English reactionary of the old
school did nothing in Ireland that he didn't
de te the defenseless peer of ids own coun
try reconciliation of Ireland with the newer
England will be easier.
Like many ether peoples like the French,
for example, and the Italians, and even the
Americans the Irish have been handicapped
by legendary and romantic conceptions of
their character encouraged among 'ether
peoples. Even new it is fashionable te
think of the Irish ns whimsical nnd head
long folk, and great dreamers fender of
fighting than of the fruits of a victory.
Such conceptions are possible only among
these vthe knew little of the actualities of
Irish life and history.
The traditional economic policies visited
en Ireland by the past generations of ab
sentee rulers almost depopulated the Island
and drove out of the British Commonwealth
the most spirited pnrt of a spirited race.
In Inter decades these policies have been
corrected, but even in this country the im
pression still prevails that the Irish revo
lution expressed little mere thun the Irish
man's love of a fight.
The revolution was, in fuct, cxpresslve
of Ireland's deslre ter justice, for a digni
fied national existence and for nn oppor
tunity te express through an independent
Government the ancient Irish reverence for
culture, enlightenment and strength. The
Irish are imaginative und they nre gener
ous. If these two traits of their character
can be brought te aid them new they will
leek ferwutd and net back, nnd the Irish
l-'ree State should be n vehlcle through
which the race can give te its native soil
much of the riches of Its spirit which for
centuries have been scattered In the service
of ethers almost everywhere under the sky.
The new ship of state gees forth proudly
enough from Dublin. The world, watching
anxiously, will wish only the friendliest of
winds for her bails.
ON SECOND THOUGHT
C
in.uir.ns GARLAND, the young
the
Bes-
tenlnn. who declined te accept isl.UUU,-
000 as his share of his dead father's estate
because he was opposed tn a social system
under which It was possible for n man te
nc-umulute 11 large fortune while ethers
went bnngry, has decided te permit the
money te be pnid te him.
He 1ms declined, however, te explain why
he has changed his mind. It may be that
he Iibh discovered that his refusal was doing
no geed te any one, as the social system
was as firmly intrenched nftcr his refusal
as before. It may be also that be has
decided that he will take the money and
de what he can te mltlgnte the bufferings
if rhese who cannot cet along In the world.
Hut whntcver may be ills reiibens he has
ceased te be a martyr te his theories. He
is very young, but he is a ear elder than
when he refused the bequest. One can learn
a great deal In twelve months. Perhaps in
another five jenrs or se lie may diheever
that it Is net the social sjstem that is wholly
te blume for poverty. There is such a
thing us improvidence, nnd observers have
noted for theusunds of years that nothing
can be done for the Improvident that will
prevent their suffering the consequences
of It.
Tim old proverb that every tub must
stand en its own bottom has a greut deal
of fodeloglcal truth in it, just us there is
a great ttutii in the fable about the man
and the bundle of sticks. But the two sup
plement each ether. The strength of the
bundle is derived from n cemblnutlun of
the strength of each Individual stick. Rotten
sticks may make the bundle leek bigger, but
will net add te its strength.
It is always wise for a young man te
think at least twlce before, he decides that
his conclusions nre wiser than the accumu
lated wisdom of mankind for many jjenera-
jiens. v
1
THE PEPPER FAMILY
Its Most Distinguished Members
Scientist and a Senater-Alts
Fortunes Began Leng Years
Age In a Little Sixth
Street Brewery
By GEOKGK NOX AIcCAIN
Tnn PEPPERS of Philadelphia have been
ns conspicuous in the social, professional
and public life of Philadelphia ns have the
Peppers of Kentucky In simllnr fashion.
The nppelntment of Geerge Wharten
Pepper te the United States Senate by Gov Gov
ereor Sproul' will naturally bring te the
front all sorts of Interesting stories about
the man nnd his family.
Net nil theso who bear the name of Pep
per In the city directory and the telephone
books, however, nre of the old ancestry.
And yet Pepper Is net n common name.
The descendants of the original Pepper
family, which gees buck te the eighteenth
century in Philadelphia, -nre nearly nil
identified, nnd have been, with the learned
professions or with finance in this city.
THE beginnings of seme of the best-known
American families, the roots of whose
family trees go deep into Revolutionary or
pre-Revolutionary soil, hove been modest, te
sny the leest.
While Clmunccy M. Dcpcvv was unques
tionably right, In the majority of cases,
whcnjie said that there nre only '.'three
generations from shirt sleeves te shirt
bIccvcs," there nre exceptions.
The Asters, the Vandcrbllts. Goulds,
Armours, Creckcrs nnd Rockefellers hntl
their origin In geed, virile American earth.
The fathers and grandfathers of many se
called Iren nnd steel magnates of Pittsburgh
ence worked in the mills or wheeled cinders
en the dump, as I well knew.
These facts add emphatic truth te a once
popular song, "It isn't what your father
was, it's what you nre yourself."
GEORGE WHARTON TEPPER nnd the
late Dr. 'William Pepper, provost of the
University a quarter of a century age, stand
conspicuously ns the most noted representa
tives of n noted Philadelphia family.
Dr. William Pepper died suddenly of
heart discusc at Pleasonteu, Calif., en July
I'D, 1S!).
He had n distinguished career. When
eniy twenty-live years of nge he was ap
pointed lecturer en morbid unateray at the
university of Pennsylvania.
In 1877 he WllM elinsen tn 1in pfint.. rt the
theory nnd practice of medicine, nnd four
years later was unnnimeusly elected provost
of the University.
It was during his period as provost, which
closed in 1801, that the University of Penn
sylvania made its greatest forward stride.
TT WOULD require a column en this page
J- te give even an outllne of the work ac
complished nnd honors received by Dr. Wil
liam Pepper.
He was medical director of the Centen
nial Imposition while still a very young
man.
Was knighted by the King of Sweden nnd
received distinguished honors from foreign
scientific nnd medical organizations.
He founded the Medical Times nnd was
largely instrumental in founding the Penn
sylvania Museum nnd Scheel of Industrial
Art.
Net only was he n fellow of the College
01 1 hyslclans, but was nlse n member of the
American Philosophical Society and of the
Pathological Society.
He was n prolific writer and author of
cevcr.il biographies.
Above all lie was a meat phyficlan.
rjEORGK WHARTON PEPPER, the new
iV T ",Il!;i,.!,S,,",,"' stnr, is a nephew of
Provest nilllum Pepper.
estate WUS l'"e f tllC ''xe,'uler9 of n9 "nclc8
Among ether prominent members of the
fam y are Dr. O. II. Perry Pepper nnd Dr.
V llliam Pepper. f this city.
An nntlquarlim friend, whose Information
about old Philadelphia families Is almost
encyclopedic, has handed me u nut-brown
IE M .!' ;vl",' . e''tulns an intetcsting
i&Li h"'0 b''?'nl,,K ' the Pepper family-
and its wealth.
tl.J0stn.n.,rys ,"I'ro!'es of ". rcfcrcnce te
tlw Asters Rockefellers nnd Armours.
... l """Mphlnns stand mere prom!-
fhnn IXM eliyIc" ,or arc merc recpcctwl
tnati the Pepper family.
tn "iVy 'i"lve A"1 " d0Mn representatives
in honored positions in this city," savs the
article in question, "notably Dr. William
Pepper, provost of the University of Pen
bjlvanla, n man of undoubted talents and
great energy of character.
is 'clXl"' !!te'r!!L0?n"? ."." r party
t.n.w.Vi .i . . l BUIUl- memuer of this
honored family being present.
"K't the starting point of the great
hr i ",,:yi?i',;rit.w" begun '" " little old
?..,.,: mr,cc aUc)Ve Jnyne, w
a few years age was tern down in the mi
of modern improvements."
hich
march
u
NOT thut there is any discredit in being
a brewer. Tlii nn.ent n m.,,.
. , 1, ---. .... !'."., i, .lull (Jl x nun
L.r'il SevM' V01 Pnppenhclm, owns
ii Ari"wrres ,",A"strla d Is nn ex
cellent judge of geed beer.
lnrbrhpiI'.,5fti'r KeT adjoined the Old
Jack In stuff Hetel, famous in its day for
Its fme old ales, served in pewter mugs which
were always scoured ns cleau as u new pin.
Grandfather Pepper, as we celled him.
" -"" I'uiiiiurs, .viesrs
Smith anil
nicneis, nnu a peculiar
names singly.
sign heralded their
w " vu,lki"B f.rem Chestnut street the
first name seen was Pepper. A little further
en Ieppcr was transformed into Smith, and
that in turn was superseded by Sickles,
looking from Maikct street. 'w-ks,
"Iho Pepper mansion steed en Chestnut
street above Seventh, north side" and was
laVi' ,Mni t0.mn,ke room for the old Masonic
hall, which steed en the present slte of Mr.
Singerly's big granite bank building.
Urcwer Pepper nlse owned many ether
properties en Chestnut nnd Walnut streets
i er! er f tllc city' aPd tl,c rUe
values of these has turned millions Inte the
coffers of the Pepper family."
"rjEORGE s. PEPPER" continues the
VJ chronicler, describing nriethcr mem
ber of the fumily. "though he died nn old
bachelor, was a great beau and society man
in his day.
m w,ns nlwaJs clobe in money matters,
and In the latter part of his life was ex
tremely se.
"He tool; a prominent purt in artistic,
musical nnd social matters.
"He was one of the projectors of the
c7, ,p,my nf Music und chairman of its
Building Committee. The two large can
delabra that adorn the front of the stage of
the Academy wcre put there through Mr.
Pepper s efforts, und while they were being
manufactured he spent two-thirds of his
time superintending their construction.
Despite his possession of several millions
he never ate much mere than a dish of het
oatmeal for breakfast.
"Fer dinner he would buy a tender chicken
in the market, take it te u restaurant and
have It cooked te his order.
"With nil these trifling peculiarities he
had many geed points, one of which wus (e
remember tried friendships nnd faithful
bervnnts."
Today's Birthdays
' Cardinnl Begin, Archbishop of Quebec,
born nt Levls, Quebec, eighty-two venrs
age.
Carrell H. Page, United States Senater
from Vermont, -bem at Wcstlield, Vn
seventy-nine yenrs age.
Majer General Jehn A. Lejtunc, eem-
manuani 01 tnu united S ates .Marine Cerns
yrn In rn1,lu!.,n ... .. '. ' ' "rPSl
i 01 tnu united States Marine C
Louisiana, fifty-live years age
" ... 1Ma,l',rlHl1' rePresentatlv
of the Thirteenth Tex us Dls
Luclnn
Congress
e In
born In Graysen County,
strlnt
Tex., forty-four
,jirutu ui;u
' A' ; r1 '" -v - A
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS I
Daily Talks 'With Thinking Philadclphians en Subjects They
Knetv Best
F. FURMAN BE.TT8
On Landscape Architecture
LANDSCAPE architecture performs one
of its most important functions ln the
cultivation of geed taste en the part of
the public in mutters pertaining te the de
velopment of land of all types, according
te F. Furnian Betts.
"The term 'landscape architect, ' " said
Mr. Betts. "often miscalled 'landscape
gardener,' Is in itself vague and often mis
used, frequently giving nn erroneous idea
as te what sort of activities it is meant te
describe. Sir Humphrey Repten. in Eng
land, about I7l),"i. was probably the first te
cull himself a 'landscape gardener.' IIu
laid the foundations for the best English
work and through his writings we have
gained certain fundamentals applicable in
our own American work, particularly en
the treatment of natural park-like scenery
ln n bread, restful manner. But the term
'landscape architect.' adopted by the elder
F. L. Olmstead, whose work is- probably
the best known in this country, is in general
use here.
Planting Only Incidental
"The principal work of the landscape
nrchltcct is by no means restricted te
planting, but consists primarily in the
economical design of the whole area under
consideration uud in the direction and
supervision of all kinds of construction.
Planting is simply u means te an end.
"In brief, landscape architecture is the
art of nrrunging lund for human use nnd
enjoyment. Te be successful in this, the
objects te be attained nre twofold, namely :
"An cennemir.il division of Ihe land and
the objects thereon, for convenience nnd
use.
"The production of the most pleasing
effect at a minimum cost of execution and
of future maintenance.
"Every one will ngrec that a small, well
planned house is mme livable and economical
than a larger house poeily planned and full
of waste space. In the same way, land,
organized for the use te wliirlt it Is te be
subjected, can be made mere livable and
convenient when well -planned.
The Plan of Arrangement
"Thus, for example, a plan of arrange
ment ndupted te the site, upon which inter
related buildings are placed In nn orderly
manner, connected by a circulatory system
of reads and paths, built suitably for their
expected usage only and all cuiefully graded,
even in its bans outlines of orderliness, im
presses ene with a bensc of dignity coupled
with efficiency which may he further en
hanced with plantations, the total effect
being that the slte existed for the design
and net the design for tlnVsltc.
"Hew infinitely better this npnenrs than
a haphazard bcutfeiing of buildings con
nected by wriggly reads und paths, and the
whole either smntheieit or else dotted with
exotic shrubs nnd trees, the.iesults of mis
directed and unconnected growth. But,
building upon a firm foundation nnd ap
plying the principles of geed design nnd
composition, the landscape architect pro
duces in his treatment of breadth and sim
plicity that unity and harmony combined
with variety which give style and In
dividuality te the land under consideration,
whether it be public or private property.
Its Financial Value
"Ne piece of land, large or small, can
be brought te Its maximum market value
unless it is carefully developed and till the
space utilized. Nowadays, men have come
te realize that there Is an ndvuntuge in
the employment of tin architect for every
building, because they believe that in he
doing their interests will be better helved
and the building will be elected for con cen con
venience nnd efliciency for the uses te which
It is te be put and, in the end, will appear
te better advantage before 11 fust -growing
public demand for geed appearances.
"Here nppeuranccs have a cemmeicial
market value; se have they in the develop
merit of land under the direction of the
Inndscupe aiehiteet, provided, of course,
thut the development is economically sound
uud aduptabiu te the uses of the site. In
addition te the best arrangement, by adapt
ing the scheme te the site, by the correct
placing of buildings and reads, the londscepo
architect will ftequently bave the owner
mero than the cost of his fee en grading
plans alone by the careful and btudlcd ad
justment ami handling of earth-weik in
order te get a balunce of cut nnd fill ut .1
minimum cost for handling.
"The Ideal arrangement is where the
liMdbcupe architect and the building archi
telt work together, producing between them
cr)e..-u.uuii;u uuu uevciepcu scheme een,-
"HOT J3TUFF!
venlcnt in both land nnd building for the
uses intended nnd mnking a full utilization
of all existing features.
"Landscape architecture Is net a branch
or n phase of architecture or any oilier
profession; It is a distinct profession in
Itself. The scope of the work is se bread
nnd the problems involved nre frequently
be intricate and se dllUcult of satisfactory
solution that it is necessary that the land
scape nrchltcct have n liberal education in
many lines, supplemented by experience nnd
travel.
"One day he may be planning the small
est city or buburban property, the next
udvlsing en the development of n whole
regional survey, while en the third he may
be studying or directing the organization
of n lnrge public institution, such as n
park system or hespltnl group or n country
club or resort hotel unit.
"Fer nil this he must be acquainted with
and knew hew te apply the principles of
nrt for geed design and composition of com cem com
pencnt parts and the fundamentals of
architecture nnd civil engineering, ns well
ns horticulture. Thus, in the mnttcr of
Plantations, for example, the landscnpe
!,u' 1U lmvl"K no connection whntcver
),,, Y t,h.mm.Thcrl('l7' m bel"R " constant
touch with them, is in 11 position te knew
where the best materials may. be procured
nt the. lowest cost te his client. Generally
speaking, he will ndvlse the purchase of
smaller quantities of trees nnd shrubs than
the client would otherwise be advised, nnd
what he does recommend will be the best
n li UV feri "TMneM "'"I nppearance,
nn.iiil.n9.ler lmr,( l"ess un(1 Rcncrnl nPt:
ubllity te the conditions of the property.
Demand and Supply Laws
"Furthermore, he must understand the
laws of supply and demand und be Table te
adapt himself te new and changing" ns well
ns existing, conditions. Nothing does mer"
te discourage the employment of a land
scape nrchltcct than te have the general
feeling by the public that, after he is through
with a piece of public work, he has advised
the investment of money in the development
of land which cpu never be recovered by
lts(mibscquent sulc. y
"It bis services are te be economically
!,S,d,.r I"""'? 'euld always se fir
hnl t.,!?n thc nlneunt tested, whether it
tn n rUblUrb?n, ' UlCrOUS O
in a real cs ate operation. This can only
be accomplished by the right sort of a plan
Sh t"rt .nn.d. ,,y mnkIns tl,c maintenance
charges reach the minimum sum."
What De Yeu Knew?
QUIZ
1. Who said ''Theso who de net llke te tm
- Wlfat fa"mm,.n f" Wnt J e eVers"?
- mmsbhcyT1" ,S Curlcd ln WeBt!
3. What Is the labarum?
r' W4?n5 'i a pcrlmshavv7
B A'd WdW a Great rcllB"l "
rfhe Sfmleff ffiSTnrled his
brother ami a sister? cre II
s. vvhe was Ingres?
' dlJSS menn ""'"ting in every
10
What race of peeple llve In Iceland?
Answers te Yesterday's Quiz
Washington w;ns captured, lmmeil ami
olrVete,
te row marriages are happy L hi
i'iuisi. vniini- in. ii '.''''. '" "e-
.. w .rwunn uiiiirii niiiiiiii .-.!.
lu-Kumr elections for membeis f r,
Kress nre held every two y'ears n nl
resentatlveH are elected for two ji.'",
Senatera for six. Jtuis,
C. A barblrnn is an outer defense te n cltv
CJVJT .1 L'lfr. nr ..rl.1.... 4U
tO cr
V. i lit
ll
t word bouilelp erlBlnuMy im-niiy ..out
te
v n t.1.
1)0 1
- itim it nail viirnu inn .v. ... .. i
and u hair vnri
pole or Derrli in tn
v iiu IOI1.
'PI.., i.. ;-.".:."" "iiniiri
.... ivbn i.nii, leme convert," nitanu n
innrrleil wnrmin a ,. "'.":."''
mini..... ,.'.. " '"" "HO
IS H
;S!K--'n-'-
.','...-,..., iMugn- ur innrrleil
in maiciiiK netH, net In niakliiir r iithh "
OcorB-e (.'rufltsnunlc was a net" d v ,Sni.
caricaturist, illustrator of "eTlveV
Twist" and ''Sketches by ijez " ' ifi'
duti'H ure 17n.iinu " il'
I n,n
9. Tasijwnla. Ian large Island nnd a State
Pr, the Commonwealth of A ustrn Mil
"' Tb!lePrlaTpT2S'"a "B "
SHORT. CUTS
Pepper wins the pet.
It would seem that De Valcra reslgntl
in a Pickwickian sense.
State Highway Commissioner Sadler
will net changu his harness.
It is n peer conference that docs net
give the delegates gratification.
- -
Come te think of it, the bends of friend
ship nre nlse cntnngllug nlllnnccs.
"Gin n body pinch a Bodily," hummtJ
Magistrate Scott, ''need n body cry?" '
It wna high moral principle tint
prompted the Governer te let Gcerge de it.
"Where de we get off?" demand tie
Vare leaders. The location is immaterial.
It is the desire of economic rcconstruc rccenstruc rcconstruc
tlenlsts te tie the' Cannes te the wolf en
Lurope s doorstep
We aim te be the first te pull the 10K
variation of the ".30-cycd Musca domestic!
jape. 'jLtiat'H swat!
Though mnnev talks, the billions of de!
lars Europe ewes us will need an Amerlcu
speitesraan in ucnen.
France's stand en land armaments aid
submarine tonnage In Washington is new
Hearing iruit ln Cannes
Ireland te nil intents nnd purpesci ll
new n tree Stnte, which De Vnlera insists u
merely preliminary te n frce fight
New that n solution bes been found for
the Irish problem, we may leek forwards
seeing cuaes crystatnze into prosperity.
Ambassador Harvey Is Bald te be delU
mere geiung man taiaing. no nns m
hearty indersement of his countrymen
If France can safely keep devva hit
army her expenses will nlse be kept down!
anu tue matter or reparation payments ui
comes less vital.
Ttn.ii. .1.. !. ll
iiuu iiie inpuniie uBivi-uHiuv
'pigeonholed in Washington, the Anglo Angle
French pact provides u new footing for fM
ueve ei I'eucc
Congressman Vara may console hlmssH
with the knowledge thnt lie is ene of til
very few Congressmen who have been aW
te break the seniority rule
Vbt f.if l.n- .I,.. PiinnnLi nnnferenfB U
considering reparation payments that vvilj
permit ucrmnny te recuperate siims j
ina worm nan tuitcn uu iinpenuui an-j'
ward.
Out of the conference of congressional
lenders with the President we gather WJ
hopeful thought thut next te teamwork t"
most desirable thing is u thorough aniuw
atien of the necessity of teamwork.
Senater Ledge .anil Mr. Mendell S'
thut pending legislation should be dlspesjj
of uh seen as posslble se that Cengtcss m
adjourn anil "give the country a n'
There is here mi appreciation of the pepu
lur mind that is wholly ceinmciidablc.
The task of the Irish previsional go'
t'riiiiiciii is going te ue mere iniiii .'"-.,
dlllicull. It will have te de meic than avow
having u monkey wrench thrown l"t0.'.
laiicninery. ll will De Its ttisu 10 i""u'"
ture the machinery out of thu iiiedkj
wrcncii.
Investigation by a Federal Grand. Jutf
In New Yeik of nn episode of last iW'
when -lO.'i machine guns vvcte found ej1.
freighter bound for Dublin, draws nttcntwa
te the fact thut ratification of the Angw
Irish Treaty is a great grief te --eme gw
tlcmen lu this country.
Governer (icjcrnl Weed urges (t
Igorretes te qui' eating deg incut. ",c ',:,
the general gru..s intolerant. If the
love dugs, vvli.v in ciVie with their lim
nlniikiiiiiv'' . I1..1, i!m, ili.it lm Ih (lie I0'
!.,... I. ..I,.... I.'.. I ... lll.lliiilelllllil'
ii ...nil it n lii-ii nn iuii I v nun n I'l ' j.
Even V. of P. btmletiw huvp been known n.
.cui. imi uuns.
, Because Germany violated the hall &
poison gas It does net fellow th.it ."'fj:.
statement nt the 'nlilHllieu by Hie """'"'l.
ten Conference is futile. AJI the ceniuwM
,n.itc .t.. .1..II.. ..I..I......I I....- l.nnnilStl t'lf
iire rlghteiiju they remain pbvYcrfel a
inteninitonstj..fenerJrnee will - ervi"1
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