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puening public ISebger
TUDLIC LEDGER COMPANY
I . CYiius it. jc. cuims, rKinKST
Jehn C. Martin, Vies l'resl.l.nt and Treaeureri
Chflj A. Tyler, Secretary: Char'ej II, Luillni Luillni
ten, Fhlllp S. Cellins. Jehn 11. Williams, Jehn J.
Spurteen. Otorre I. Goldsmith, David E. Smllty,
Directors.
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.JOHN C. MAIITIN.. .Oentral DuslneM Manarer
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rhklidelpliis. Vrl.ljy. December 30, I'll
DIRECTOR WARBURTON
THE appointment of Mnjer Barclay War War
burten ns tin- successor of the late
Ernest L. TijBtln nt tlie head of tlie Depart
ment of I'ublic Welfare is nn indication
that the general policy of Mr. Tustin is te
he continued.
Mnjer Wnrburten Is net a political hack
who has mnde his livlnz out of public efllcc.
JIe is n public-spirited citizen Interested in
the welfare of the whole community, and
he is fortunately beyond the kind of in
fluence which warps the Integrity of tee
many officeholder.
Under his administration the Depart
ment of Public Welfare ought te continue
te expand in usefulness nnd demonstrate
that there 1h n deposition te treat the un
fortunate with kindly consideration nnd te
provide for thoe who hnvci te live in
crowded quarters some opportunity for
recreation.
KEEP WATCH OF THIS
REPOUTS that a Vnre-Magee combina
tion is in the maktntr in order te con
trol the nomination of the next Governer
should interest the thoughtful voters.
There 1h no doubt that Senater Vare
would like te hnvc another Governer in his
vest pocket ns he had Governer Brumbuugh
And there is no doubt that the kind of
candidate whom he would favor for the
office Is net the kind of candidate that the
men opposed te combining business with
politics would like te see in the executive
mansion In Harrisburg.
But Senater Vare is net In the habit of
considering the wishes of such persons. 'I no
candidates that he likes art) men who will
play the game with him.
If we -arc te have a Itcpublicnu candidate
for whom it will net he necessary te apolo apelo apole
jxo it wllL he neccssnry te leek elsewhere
than te any combination dominated by Vure.
A CLEAN CIVIC RECORD
THE momentum of any great corporate
enterprises, governmental or private. Is
net easy te cheek. Even with unscrupulous
corruptieni'ts in the saddle it is Inconrclv Incenrclv Inconrclv
nbie that nil important public undertakings
of this municipality could have been halted
In the year 1021.
Mayer Moere, however, lias pointed te
mero than merely conventional accomplish
ments in his review of the constructive
work of his administration. The emanci
pation of the strnet-uleanins system from
private-contractor sway is alone nn achieve
ment of the most inspiring nature.
Abuses of such long standing that the
most confirmed optimists had become touched
with skepticism will end with the advent of
the new year. Preparations for municipal
care of the streets have been painstaking
and enlightened.
Considering the brevity of the period for
laying the foundations nnd the numerous
obstacles encountered, the city may already
be said te have worked wonders with its
ambitious and highly ncccssury program.
Less spectacular perhaps, jet of sub
stantial worth, are the $1,000,000 Improve
ments te the witter-supply system, the
53,000,000 sewage and survey work, the
52,000,000 deck and wharf construction
and, of course, the consistent betterment of
street paving.
Mr. Moere is entirely justified In falling
attention te tangible evidences of progress.
Political squubbles ami factional disputes
In America 'i cities are regularly subjected
te emphatic publicit) . The practice is
commendable, und it is a sign of a healthy
civic spirit when misdeeds and blunders are
viewed with Indignation.
History, however, doe net entirely Munie
with Gibben's estimate of it as u chronicle
of mankind's follies, crimes and misfor
tunes. Ili-tery was made in Philadelphia
during 1021 by a municipal administration
that has vitally contributed te the develop
ment of this community.
The work has been efficiently and hon
estly performed. As there is mere sensa
tion lii scandal than in decency, It is te
the reason rather than te the emotions that
the clean, constructive record of 10U1 par
ticularly appeals.
I YULE AMONG THE SOVIETS
J TT WOULD be interesting te knew what
X Christmas and the New Year Reason
' liaTe been like In Kusln, where there Is
' a government ban net only en the
Christian religion, but upon all tin1 legends
I nnd fancies that serve elsewhere te make the
years of childhood beautiful, liut all the
news from Moscow is formal news, and most
of it continues te be ceiueied. Se fur as it
Is possible te tell from the uibles, Moscow
' celebrated the Christmas season by formally
. accepting nt n special session of the Soviet
J Congress the principle of "capituli'tic dire.
tlen of industry." This means merely that
(the Ilelbhcvists have decided fermnilj t
legalize the principle of trade and the
rnlldity of money ami centtacts. There is
i emctiilng half pitlfu mid half humorous in
the official explanation which accompanies
this announcement. The Soviets, we are
told, accept the principle of trade "eiilj
because they arc net uble te suggest an
alternative."
They tried hard enough, certainly, te fi id
an alternative. They have been trying for
thfte J ears. And why they should continue
n Imnlv dislike of cnilitnliNtS it is linril In
l understand, for when Lenine sought, even
nttlie risk of war, famine and pestilence, te
bet up n communistic neuven upon mis earth
itvns net the capitalists or the rich of Uus Uus
jJsVer even tlie merely well-to-de folk who
dufiated lilm, It was his own peasants, who
cJeveJped n)i the, Jnstlncts of monopolists n
aea M they found themselves in possession
ef i ta'eviyand crops. They wouldn't divide
their. t?f ami the fruits of their labor with
hoarded their grain, nnd when the stnte In
tervened te compel them te give it up they
ceased te plant. And these were the people
who were te have had the pieferred places
In Lenlnc's paradise. The Soviets haven't
been defentcd by capitalism. They have been
defeated by ineradicable laws that govern
human nature.
SPROUL AND ALTER MUST ACT
TO PROTECT STATE'S MONEY
There Is Evidence Enough of Illegal Use-
of State Funds te Justify Vigorous
Legal Proceedings by the
Attorney General
GOVEKNOK SPUOUL and Attorney
General Alter nre faced with the duty
.of beginning nt once n vigorous Investigation,
into the way former Auditor General Snyder
spent public funds.
The Governer Is the chief officer of the
Commonwealth, Intrusted with the duty of
executing the lawn. The Attorney General
Is the legal adviser of the Commonwealth,
through whom the Governer acts when there
is prima -facie evidence that the law has
been violated. He has the right of nccess
nt nil times te the books nnd papers In the
office of the Auditor General, nnd he is di
rected by law te attend te nil the legal
business of the Auditor General's depart
ment, ns well ns of all ether depnrtments
of the State.
There is evidence In the Auditor Gen
eral's office that the law has been disre
garded. Documents there show thnt Lieu
tenant Governer ltcidlemnn received 5"000
for legal services which the Attorney General
Is directed by law te perform. There is
also evidence that ether sums have been
paid te ether lnw.vers for legal services
without warrant of law.
And new comes Samuel S. Lewis, the
present Auditor General, with the definite
statement In a letter te a man whose nnme
was en the payroll of Mr. Snyder, his prede
cessor, thnt he knows of "quite a number of
cases" of the payment of money beyond the
salary fixed by law, aud that In seme cases
the money wns paid illegally.
An attempt was made te pny a lnrgc sum
te Mr. Lewis when he was corporation clerk
under Mr. Snyder. Early in his tprm as a
clerk he wns paid for extra services per
formed In putting the books of the depart
ment in proper condition. The work wns
outside of his duties nnd he rightly thought
he wns legally entitled te the extra pay.
Put when a large sum of money wns
offered te him near the close of the term of
Mr. Snyder, nominally for "extra work."
he declined te accept It en the ground thnt
he had done nothing te enrn the money.
He had collected $1,730,000 in delinquent
taxes, It is true, but he did this ns part of
his routine work.
Mr. Bcidlemnn, however, had beeu paid
.-000 for collecting $."i0,000 In delinquent
taxes when $03,000 wns due. nnd ether sums
had been pftld te ether lawjer. Mr. Lewis
knew of these payments, and he refused te
have his mouth closed by n wad of money.
Attorney. General Alter, with his power
te examine books nnd papers In the Auditor
General's office, can get nil the efficlnl evi
dence there is. He can learn the sums paid
for services by an official who ncted as
though the law of 101." were net Intended
te apply te him a law which forbids the
einple.vment of special counsel save through
the Attorney General's office. He can in
form himself of the nature of the vouchers,
If any vouchers exist. And then he can
officially begin legal proceedings te recover
the money illegally expended, nnd, if war
ranted, refer the evidence te the District
Attorney of Dauphin County.
If his sense of public duty Is net strong
enough te induce him te take this course,
jealousy ever the preservation of Ills own
legal rights ns Attorney Gcucrnl ought te
spur him en te making nn example of every
bend of a State department who pa.vs out
fees for legal services without consulting
him and getting his authorization.
Mr. Alter has been mentioned ns n possl pessl
Me crndidnte for the governorship. If he
continues te Ignore what went en in the
Auditor General's eflic under Mr. Snyder
his chances for the nomination will go
glimmering along with these of Lieutenant
Governer Ilcldleman nnd Mr. Snyder, new
the State Treasurer.
A courageous and honest course pursued
by 5Ir. Alter, hacked by the Governer,
might tear Harrlsburg vvide open. Hut
nothing better could happen te the State
just new than nn exhibition of tlie com
placent assumption of a group of politicians
that the public money wns their own te be
used nt their discretion in building up n
machine v lilrli would fasten their control
upon the State government. There Is net
the slightest doubt that public iimnej hns
been used for th it purpose. Ner is there
nn doubt thnt officials have used the public
money for their own profit.
When n clerk In the Auditor General's
office confessed te a defalcation of $7000
Mr. Snyder treated the matter lightly, ns
though it were of no importance. H said
the money had been returned and that fully
MOO, 000 had been tak'ii out of the State
funds In the same way and put back again
without less te the State. Hut Mr. Alter
does net need te be told thnt such use of
public menej la a criminal offense. It is a
violation of trust nnd Is punlshnble under
tlie sumo statutes which send bank clerks te
prison when they use the money of the de
positors for their own speculations.
Lew moral standards hnve prevailed tee
long In Harrlsburg. They have apparently
led certain officials te violate the law, if
Auditor General Lewis' written word may
he believed. It Is about time that they were
brought te account,
WHAT WORDS CAN DO
MANY thousands of men and women sit
down i'ii the eccas0n 0f Y'00ire
Wilsen's birthday te tell the world of the
tremendous feri es which this one American
set in motion after the war and te predict
for him a shining place in tlie estimation of
nil future generations. liut it is difficult
even new te measure or even te guess nt
the ultimate effects of .Mr. Wilsen's work.
It is already clear that much of it niaj
hnve unexpected and even astonishing re
sults. Thus the two words whl'h occurred most
frequently in the Stete pnp"rs issued out
of Washington in the period of the war
were "self-determination." The Piesident
wns thinking of the safety nnd security and
the pence of xiimll nations, r.nd of their
ficed"!" from selfish exploitation bj stronger
neighbors
Hut it is new apparent that some of the
little peoples put a different interpretation
en the composite farm which was presumed
EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER
te reveal the very heart of a saving theory
of new diplomacy. Insurgent political
movements were quickened in many lands
where the dominnnce of one or- nnethcr
Power had been until then peacefully ac
cepted. Though the people In Ireland were dis
posed te believe thnt Mr. Wilsen was In
some mysterious way opposed te their
drenms of Independence, they were helped
in many wnys by the spirit of Mr. Wilsen's
two words. Their leaders found n new
bnttlccry. They themselves wcre moved by
the cxnmple of tlie Amcrlcnn President te
make new resolves.
In Egypt and In India "self-determination"
beenme n slogan of the new race con
sciousness. The grent colonizing nnd exploiting
Powers have only begun te feel the full
effects of the new national psychology which
Mr. Wilsen's most quoted speeches helped
te stimulate. Ne one enn snfely venture te
tell what Uie end of it will be.
NO ISSUE IN "HOMELANDS"
THE difficulty of mnking u political issiie
of the "homeland" intcrprctntlen of the
Four-Power Trenty for mutual protection
In the Pnclfic Is net lessened by the Japa
nese aversion te an implied position of
wardship. Oricntnl sensitiveness is keen en
this point.
With the Jnpnnee nt home objecting te a
policy thnt they regard ns patronizing, and
with certain timorous) or obstructiennry
Americans loath te consider .Tnpnn proper
ns nn insular possession of itself, the pri
mary requisites of a dispute differences of
opinion are unquestionably missing.
.Tii inn -bn Iters, either In the Senate or en
tlie Pacific slope, have been pressed Inte
n situation from which cries of havoc carry
scant conviction.
Negotiations te exclude the original area
of Jnpnn from the scope of the quadrilateral
pact have already been initiated by Unren
Shldchnrn. Whether the point will be set
tled merely by nn Interchange of notes or
with the addition of a clarifying reserva
tion te the treaty cannot be definitely fore
told. It Is, however, virtually certain thnt se
far as the obligations concerning Jnpnn nre
concerned tlie trenty will be found by the
Senate te mean preciely what President
Harding first considered It te mean.
There remains tlie question of protection
te Australia. The safeguarding of this
Commonwealth is said te have been Mr.
Balfour's purpose in urging that the pro
tective features of the treaty be extended te
Jnpan Itself.
The balance sought in order te forestall
any Impression that the compact accorded
special favors te Great Britain Is en the
verge of being upset. But the foreshadowed
consequences nre net such ns need be viewed
with the traditional alarm.
If the United Stales. Japan, Great Britain
and France arc pledged te keep the peace in
the Pacific nnd bound te arbitrate future
differences, it Is net ensy te understand hew
"White Australia" will be jeeparded.
The mistake of conceding te Japan some
thing which she was net anxious te gain is
new fcvealcd. Evidently the negotiators of
the treaty suffered from excessive caution
nnd were obsessed by bugnboes which hnvc
proved non-existent.
When the covenant reaches the Senate
there will be little opportunity for variant
readings'. If obstructienary tactics arc then
displn.ved they will be demonstrably willful.
BY-PRODUCTS OF EDUCATION
PUBLIC school teachers' associations of
New Jersey hnve again passed resolu
tions opposed te the continuance of secret
fraternities in public educational institu
tions. U. B. Ogllby, president of Trinity Col
lege, which Is at Hartferd, Conn., took the
fleer nt the meeting of the National Colle
giate Athletic Association fn New Yerk
yesterday te lament the influence nnd 1m 1m
pertnnce of money in the American system
of college sports. He ventured te believe
thnt something is wrong with u system in
which a husky undergraduate coach may
earn mere in ten weeks en an athletic field
than n full-fledged professor is paid for a
season of toil as n member of a first-class
university factiltj ,
There is nothing new In all this. Scheel
fraternities have been denounced before nnd
they continue te flourish. It is admittedly
wrong thnt universities should pay liberully
for brawn nnd pievide only meager rewnrds
for brnlns. And the coach prospers ns he
never prospered before.
Secret fraternities in the public schools
are schools of undiluted snobbery. College
athletics in this country de nothing for the
average undergraduate be.vend giving him
occasional opportunities te exercise Ills
voice in song.
It is when our native Institutions become
ever -prosperous thnt they fall into bad
habits and require the services of the muck
i alters. There Is in many minds a dawi.ing
suspicion thnt a little less free use of money
and a little mere wholesome criticism m.ght
be geed for the higher Institutions of learn
ing In this country nnd for the generation
that is supposed te he benefited by them.
MANNERS AND MOTORS
J l DOE BAUKATT has just praised the
action of a jurv which awarded $UO,000
te a limn permanently injured by n motor
car rei klessly driven nn Bread street. This
sum will come directly out of the pocket of
nn insurnnce company. But it will hnve te
be replaced in the end by the owners of
motorcars who pay for annual insurnnce.
The year just closing shows an Increase
of meter accidents nnd fatalities in the
streets of this city. Yet it i.s noticeable
that skill, caution and respcu for read rules
haracterlze the nst majority of drivers.
What is wrong with the minority whose
recklessness or negligence 1h responsible for
the Increasing number of uccidents nnd
damnge verdicts?
It may be interesting te wonder whether
the men who make the meter laws and the
insurnnce companies which bear the losses
due te accidents have yet ben able te ar
rive nt a really trustworthy system of tests
te determine the fitness of a mnn or woman
te epernte n meter vehicle. Toe much re
liancn Is plncid en the skill of drivers and
en their knowledge of read rules.
Mere than' skill Is needed te make n safe
driver. Is It n sense of decency nnd geed
manners thnt nre lacking in these who get
first Inte trouble nnd then into court? Cer
tainly the nature of a man's regard for the
rights of ether people will have n great deal
te de with ids manner of driving a motor
car. The beer who has n hnblt of shoulder
ing In crowds and shoving ether people out
of his wav is pretty sure te be at his wernt
when he hns a motorcar te drive.
Whisky, piohlbltlenlsts tell us, gives
man false energ.v : boosts him for n while nnd
thievM film down. The same thing is be
vend peiadveiitiiM trim of inaiiv drugs. The
criminal recerdN of bnew birds prevt It. Mav
it net also lie true of the jav. phonograph
music with which the Pestmnsler'ut Harris
burg put sip into his' weflry clerks during
the holiday rush? I
- PHILADELPHIA, iTKCDAY, JDEOEMBEK '60,
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT
The Geed Dryn Mawr Has Dene in
the Past and the Llc9 Told About
It That Can Easily De Refuted
and Lived Down .
I!y SARAH D. LOWKIE
T AST summer for ever n, week-end I wns
-" In a small community en the coast of
Maine, where nearly every cottage camp en
the "rock-bound shore" was the summer
home of a college professor. The Univer
sities of Tnle, Harvard, Princeton, Wis
consin, Michlgnn and Virginia were nil rep
resented by men whee names nre well
known beyond the confines of their collcge
tewns: men, tee, who had played n big
pnrt In the scientific and diplomatic and
philanthropic side of the war's emergency.
They were interesting te listen te en any
of their enthusiasms, but it surprised me
te discover that the subject nbeut which
they wcre nlmest avidly Interested te henr
wns hew the Summer Scheel, of English
nnd Economics and Citizenship for Women
In Industry wns working nt Bryn Mawr
College.
It just happened that I had lately been
with women who had been in vcrv close
touch with thnt school, nnd thnt I knew n
geed deal from these responsible for Its
Inception nbeut hew the getting of the
scholarships and the cheesing of the students
from the trades union nnd ether labor nnd
industrial organizations nnd the industries
themselves had been accomplished. The men
of the great universities of the country were
keen net only te hear about Its indubltnble
success, but enthusiastic ever the idea. And
it was quite plain that if the faculty of
the great colleges had had the initiative in
the mntter there would he mere than one
summer course for the young working men
of the country based en the same plan of
scholarships that would cover nt least the
bare necessities of women students, who, in
order te tnke tlie course, would have te
drop their wege-carnlng for five or six
weeks of the tuinmcr, ns well ns pay carfare
und outfit expenses.
F1 WAS considered n triumph of demecrncy
en the pnrt of Bryn Mawr College that
the radical type of students who had ac
cepted the teaching of that summer school
hnd been mnde te feel ns nt home within
its classrooms as the students of the regular
college courses. It was nlse considered a
triumph in adaptability that the teachers
could make a course both profitable and
popular under the conditions of time and
variety of preparation of the students, many
of whom were net American born nnd most
of whom hnd had no high school experience.
And yet, as one of the men who wns
discussing it from nil Its viewpoints re
marked, educationally speaking, the school
had carried out nn ideal that was the ideal
of every real teacher, inasmuch as it made
education under Inspiring conditions the
right net only of the few who hnd leisure
nnd money, but of the many who had the
desire and the capacity.
He said, pausing en his words very
solemnly :
"It Is the most Christ-llke thing I knew
of nny university's bringing te pass n my
lifetime ns n teacher. And it speaks every
thing for the spirit of that little college."
New, nltheugh I am net n Bryn Mawr
woman, I hnd n sense of personal gratifica
tion for that "little college." Of course,
I knew that though be said n big thing
about Bryn Mnwr (Allege, lie was enlv one
man In a very big world, nnd the college
he spoke of Is one of the smallest numerically
In the country a little, little beacon light
of education compared te the thousands of
the world se in that sense it wns a little
college. But I nl.-e felt triumphant, for I
have thought for a long while thnt tlie
spirit of Bryn Mnwr was a big spirit, If
n e ear and lambent and Christian one, of
fulfilling the law of Christ by n senRe of
one s neighbor, nnd n sense of one's bcinc
an histmment of Ged Almighty te serve
ones generation Is u criterion.
XX7IIE.V I was n girl there was a young
' chap teaching philosophy in Brvn
Mnwr who was feeling his way rather sensa
tionally through chaos into order In re
ligion He later became a very ardent
( hristian and, In fnct, a minister. But in
the enrly days of the college, when for n
woman te be In college nt nil was somewhat
of an experiment and therefore was a
temptation te the bizarre nnd freakish of
the sex, u geed deal that might have been
taken for what it was worth and shortly
forgotten was dwelt upon with a hind of
unpleasant glee by the strictly orthodox,
nnd one was told of nnd, indeed, one met cer
tain verv egotistical nnd nrregnnt jeung
female thinkers who were said te have lest
their religion In the mazes of philosophic
discussions and ruthles.slv frank analysis of
the classroom. I knew of mere than one
of these enses unci I followed with observant
curiosity the careers of two. And I can
only testify that they would have lest every
thing they valued most If jt weu,j jinve
made them mero Interesting te the on
lookers that they pretended te despise, but
lived te thrill.
Their wide-flung doubts and scoffs did
a very bed thing for their college, however,
for new- and again the reverberation of
their calls te the wild echoed In the minds
of the serious ami matter-of-fact fathers of
families. I knew it did In the breasts of
seme I hnve known, wlih the result thnt
their daughters! were sent te schools and
colleges thnt hnd nt least a reputation for
evangelical piety in the classrooms where
philosophy was taught. But, though I have
known mere than one daughter lese her
orthodoxy In the lnrger nnd mete pro
nouncedly sectarian colleges of the country
I have known no single gh-l th.it has lest
her religion in Bryn Mnwr and I hnve known
mere than one who has found u very deep
nnd nbidlug faith in Christianity there
I
WAS interested te hear thnt in the late
Welfare Federation drive the ni-.'nni.
tien profiting most directly from gitis in the
college wns that of the Yeung Women's
Christian Association because of what It has
meant te the student body net only In the
opinion of the girls, but in the estimation
of that very shrewd and wise woman, the
president.
Perhaps the late nttatl; en the Christian
ity of Bryn Mnwr from a clergyman speak
ing In the full tide of eloquent Invective was
en the whole very beneiicinl, for it brought
an old smoldering rumor out in the open
where It, can be stamped upon finally ami
relegated te the itshhln of oblivion. Miube
the resurrection of that nbsuid reputation
and this Happing of it in the breeze h'is
worked well for the college by strengthening
the levalty of the students nnd faculty te
"let their light be shine" thnt these seeing
their goeil faith and works may glorifV glerifV glorifV
net them, but the religion thnt Inspires
them. ve shnll expect an even greater
summer school for Industrial workers and
business women next jenr.
Meanwhile that trait of human nntiirc
which my father used te call "hoping for
the worst." ought really le be controlled
se ns te let thnt lln about the irrellgien of
Bryn Mawr College get buried and Unv
buried. And if any one of veur and ,',t
my acquaintance shows (l tendency te nlav
the pari of n Jerry C cher, who was it
"sort of a resurrectienist." C00(i .i.
verdict of Impatient disapproval inte'lit steV.
him then and there. B'u bl01,
Ne one will be mere surprifed at mv
taking up the cudgels for Brjn .MHr n
the Bryn Mnwr fnculiv and alumnae for
certainly net one of u,,.,,, m, miBS;ii4( ,
either the need of it or m capacity for the
job but I have known s,le)l KlJ,, ,;,, M J
nnd readv-te-lend-a-hand let nf ijrvll
Mnwr women out in the world that I wool
be n peer chronicler of my dav nnd ircncr' .
tien If I did net testify t ,,;.,r ;,,,' ,l; '
Christians!"'1 ' " wlW ' and
Kansas Weman's Vocational Substitute
from ill r,,Jornde '1 in
An Elderado woman sojourning in tlp
Itpckles this summer sends nn tiuYctieuute
letter te the Times editor with this; 'j0(i
bless Eldorude until I get fcack,"
v -!.cr- if 6 vW
fas -" V -- I
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Kneiv Best
DR. C. LINCOLN FURBUSH
On Anthrax and Its Cause
THE cases of anthrax which hnvc oc
curred in Philadelphia recently have
given the health authorities much concern,
and Dr. C. Lincoln Furbush, Director of
Public Health of the City of Philadelphia,
says thnt every possible precaution is being
taken.
"Net only are we doing everything pos
sible from the precautionary standpoint,
said Dr. Furbush, "but the leather men of
the city nre keenly nlive te the dangers of
the situation nnd nre co-eVernting with us
te the fullest extent. I hnve had several
conferences with them, nnd nothing will be
left undone either by them or by us te pre
vent nny fuithcr recurrence of the disease.
"Anthrax is mi infectious disease and Is
produced by the anthrax bacillus. It is in
teresting te note thnt this disease is be
lieved te be the first te be looked upon as
definitely infectious and tlie first bacterial
disease te be discovered and proved te be
due te a micro-organism. In this respect, nt
least, its history is unique.
"It is essentially a disease of animals, nnd
in certain countries of Asia, in Russia, Ger
many, France, the Balkan States und Eng
land, It Is far mere common thnu in the
United Stntes, In the tlrat mentioned of
these countries Its ravages are widespread,
at times appearing In epidemic form. Owing
te its infectious nnture, hides from animals
which have died of anthrax nre potential
sources of danger te man unless the greatest
enre is tnken in the preparation of them for
the market.
Certain Zenes Affected
"In the United States certain localities
nre known te be subject te the infection, and
occasionally there are recurrent epidemics
among the animals in these aicas. This
country, however, has never been subject te
the disease te anything like the extent of
most of the countries which I have men
tioned. "Humnn beings contract nnthrax from
nnlmals which have had the discane. Usually
this Infection takes plnce among these who
have had direct or indirect contact with the
diseased nnlmals or with material from these
animals which is used in commerce.
"Most of the cases of anthrax which
occur In humnn beings nre, therefore, among
butchers, hostlers, tanners and these who
handle the hair or wool from animals which
have had the disease. Occasionally, hew
ever, the bacillus remains nllvc through all
the processes of preparation for the market
and some purchaser of a product will con
tract anthrax from the bacillus which lives,
all unsuspected, en an Implement perhnpN In
daily use.
"I refer especially te the number of cases
of anthrax which we have traced te shaving
brushes. Of course, the bristles in these
brushes enme from animals which had
anthrax and upon which the infection re
mained. We have had tee many cases of
this sort.
Leng -Lived Bacillus
"Te understand hew this can occur, it is
necessary te knew n little something about
the bacillus Itself. It Is one of the largest
In size of nny of the disease-producing bac
teria, and It is further characterized by
being what is known as a 'spore producer.'
By this is meant that when conditions for
its continued growth nre net favorable it
develops a body or 'spore' of high powers of
resistance. This 'spore' can remain for an
Indefinite period In n quiescent state, nnd
when conditions again become favorable will
lelurn te growth and lis infectious iciture.
"It is this peculiar quality of the anthrax
bacillus which has led te human infection
here In the last year or two. The malignant
get in remains In n seemingly Innocuous con
dition until suddenly it resumes Its powers
for evil, and then if there be nn abrasion
of the skin into which It can enter the dis
ease Is contracted.
"It is essential for us te knew where nnd
In what manner each case of anthrax wns
contracted, and theruferu a careful Investi
gation of each case is made ns seen ns it Is
repotted te us. The great majority of tlie
enses recently reported have been traced 'te
the Importation of Infected hides. In con cen con
iequenco, morocco workers hnve been in
fected, and, as I snid before, far tee many
cases iiave been shown te be due te the use
of infected shaving brushes.
Ounce of Pietaiitlen
"In dealing with nnthriix, as with evcrv
.ether highly Infectious disease, the pio' pie'
vcrblal ounce of prevention Is worth much
nore thuii the pound of cure. In order le
get the desired resulta we shall have te
1931
"LET'S GO!"
begin nt the very source of the trouble, se
far ns this country is concerned, nncj insist
upon mere stringent Inspection nnd quar
antine, together with n thorough disinfectien
of nil imported hides nnd nil products which
may pcxsibly carry the infection.
"Bivldcs this, the workers who handle
material which may be infected should be
taught tlie necessity for the greatest enre
In their work, nnd especially tlie Immediate
euro of nil wounds of the hands or else
where, nnd the instnnt nnd thorough dis dis
infecteon of them All storage nnd woik weik woik
reoms where this kind of material is handled
should be cniefully screened.
"The leather manufacturers feel the same
ns we de about this mntter and arc giving
their hearty co-operation te prevent future
cases. The high resisting powers of the
nnthrax bacillus mnke these unusunl pre pre
cauteous necessnry. Dirty fingernails,
Hi all probability, arc responsible for a
certain number of Infections, ns lesions nre
often found where scratching hns apparently
wounded the skin surface.
Tve Kinds of Anthrax
"ln "nn. two kinds of nnthrax occur,
the usual form is known as an nnthrax
carbuncle, nnd is a malignant pustule, com
monly found en tlie hands, arm or face,
Ihls start ns a small reddened surface,
which rapidly becomes localized, n'nd this
nrcn toen shows a blister, the base of which
rapidly becomes hardened. Within thirty
six hours the tenter becomes brownish and
incrusted. with small blisters around it. and
the surrounding surface is het nnd swollen.
I'cver is nbseut in most of these cases,
nut in some there is an increase in tem
peratuie, with characteristic symptoms. In
the attcr case, if prompt treatment is net
liisutut.d. death will result. But In the
great majority of cases of this type the dis
ease remains localized and recovery Is te he
expected If proper and prompt treatment is
"In the second type of, nnthrax In human
brings the disease d00 net tend te localize
but spreads through the s.vstem nt once and
n ..l!.','1 '"uiiiatien is usually the result.
I here is only one thing te de In all suh
j.ec e, c,,H(.s of anthrax, and that Is for the
patient te place himself Immediately In the
hands of n phvHician. The history of the
case, the occupation, the teat of lesion are
all-.mperlai.t. nnd the phvslclan will usually
make smears for bacteriological exnnilua exnnilua
ien. I he diagnosis is comparatively ,.nsv
tn!' i .'."' i-"n1,,,rI1 -'" te "le Inborn,
terj, and the Labrntery of Hygiene of the
Bureau of Health of the city w 1 1 mnke ,n c)
examinations for physicians."
What De Yeu Knew?
i
QUIZ
When did the title Piime Minister first
recelv., lp., sanction m KrKland"
What American city P, named for n
society of war veterans?
TVlie was I'eyten Iliinilelph?
gfsi k avsss;rTvlo,er,M-A
Wiat Is the meaning of the abbreviation
Who wns Nicholas I'eussltiT
Who wns din first Secretary of the Trens
ury of the United Ht.ites? "S
Answers te Yesterday's Quiz
Edmund Itandelpii. of Virginia win ti,
"Attorney UeneralT'tVumlS."
A liniv.aur Is an extinct jrlmintlc remiia
Jnde Is a fcillcnte of Inn nnrt niac.npsln
n hard, green, blue e-- vvhltoHfr.ne1'
Octrei I tl.? duty ev , ' "LmS r'ure
pean continent,,) countries nn S
often feedstuffs, cr.tPrltiJ u u?, !f;
city. The name' Is ulsep, , ,Y0' "r
'theC.,ax,',0rrey?e,d.,llC ' W
characterization of th." -Wn nr .. I(i
world" types. He .lic'i m i r"''"1.""
1021 at lb., age of "evm Uy-Ven " '"
1 ?f,e0.eT u' arecl l,clty 'pryinS
The present Queen of Italy Is (l .,,.,.
. ",,UK"tl'r "
Jluwarj and 1,.,, svly.uiln and f,ni"
inn II e old western boundary of
Rumania, '' of
BtF?wci? '" "'" Cl"f ,cUy of Alsae.
SHORT CUTS
What China wants is n Chinese tariff
for Chlun only.
Meney, it may be noted, is net always
effective na a gag.
Pericarp, who presumably knows, saji
thnt the man who needs mistletoe doesn't
deserve what he gets.
When political lenders get down te brasi
tacks ene may be sure that tlie hummer
wicldcrs will seen be busy.
Having come te a satisfactory decision
concerning enpitnl ships, France declined
te consider submarines wholly lower case.
Nobody need feel unduly nlarmcd when
delegates te the Washington Conference
speak plainly. That's what open dlplemtry
means.
There In saving grace In the Trench
phrase "Under the present circumstances."
The submarine issue is net Hit Imp.inse; it l
n high step.
Perhaps somebody ought te tell tb
Governer and Iho Attorney General what
has been happening hi the State Treasury
Department.
A Democratic minority, savs Ilrynn,
forced Republicans te adept a fSO per cent
Income surtax rate. But that isn't really
beast; it's n confession.
There Is difference of opinion as te just
whnl war costs the people of the world, but
no difference of opinion en the fact ttwt it
costs considerably mere than It is worth.
Themas A. Beer was admitted te citi
zenship in Brockton, Mass.. while heull
Wine wns turned down. We venture the
guess that Bill Heech stayed away, kaeninc
he had no chance.
When Chinese delegates le the Wash
Ington Conference gave a luncheon for tin
Japanese delegates there was a Shantung
cocktail en the menu. Yes, naturally, then
was a kick te it.
The ScniliieIfH nre geed Indians, says n
Government topert. but they are few anJ
growing fewer. Geed Indians be. eini.ig ileail
Indians. It Is positively shocking the way
virility remains with the unicgeiieiutc.
The way the bandit npieai.s te ligurt
it out is thnt if he In successful h"'ll make
a clear haul; and If he lb pli.ched he'll land
in a clean, comfortable prison where the
meals nie geed and ever,) bed will be cure ful
of ills comfort,
Watsen of Georgia opposes relief for
starving Itussia, but would have the United
States Government officially recognize the
Moscow Soviet. This relieves the Senater
fiem charges of hard-hcarlediiess. It Is hlJ
thinking thnt Is out of genr.
Lack of clothing nnd fuel is cnuslDl
much sickness among the children ef In'
unemployed In Kensiugtuu, mijs Mrs, Leng,
new connected with St. Luke's Episcopal
Church. Perhaps Santa Clans ilhln t knew
where they llvcclj but It Isn't tee late.
lllchnrd Strauss nnd a party of friend,
primed te hear Strauss music ever the wire
less, heard Instead ragtime from another
i iibscrlbcr. Seener or luter wireless reei'
sages will be keyed for their destination
like linotype) matrices homeward bound.
Scientific mating of silver-gray Dork
ings, Plymouth Hecks and sliigle-cenibeu
white Leghorns by Henry M. Lainenn, of th'
Bureau of Animal Industry, lui" tcMilied M
u lilt'Scr, meatier lien which lays larger,
tastier eggs. We de ebelsaucc le Liioiena.
She is some chicken.
Dr. llewnril B. Cress, studying vel'n
fever for the Heekefeller Institute, has elleel
of the dlsense. The qiialtt.v most rcspen
i ble for the world's jiregiess is it limn b vie
votlen te his job. We call it hv m.iny nn
names, hut there Is none renllv finer thin (
coinmeiiplnco and natural euie.
When General Diaz, at home nMJIj
expressed himself as being delighted ';''
the reception he get In America he prewiij
made one mental reservation. Any w'ji
suffering from a spriiliii-d linger us a res'"
of vluoieus Imiid-sliiikl'.g iiiitui'iiil' wijj'W
We an a stieniieus -people eiir iilff'''
tlens, us .Mine. Curie can i.-tlfv. Only
old campaigner like Marshal lVh ran M
the strain. He learned heiv te relax M
tweeu exuberances.
.iiid