8,
, . . . ... , .. . . ' . r . . .. .. .1: '-"
J
A
mentitslJtlbJiclIebgei:
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
5 .Ui" Or JJ?r.t,n' ,c Vrildnt ana Trsasursn
i, rhtllp8. Cellins, Jehn D. Williams. Jehn J.
ucerte I aeldsmlft, David E. Bmllsr,
v'ip . cjiu.r.i , Editor
. '.JOMW C. MAnTlN....Omtral Pmlnuss ManaRtr
I '' unuy si 1-ijBi.ia LfXDarm ijuuainff
s. 'Ind"Pndnce Hquare, rhllnritlnhla.
,i.htib s.iti.,.., rrtf Union Dulldlnr
T01K. . 3(11 Maill.im Aie.
OIT 701 Ferd nulldlna-
Mlin.., 013 GIot-Demecrat nulldlnir
O..... 1303 Tribune Uulldlnr
NKWS HUREAUS:
'aTOM TltrAn.
NB. Cor. Psnntrlvanl.i Av, and 14th Bt.
r TORK Onug Th. Aim tlu Idln
H Buihd Trafalgar Bulldlnr
TM KrSHINcl Ptmr.tn T.vrvim ! mm ...w
ET'.iXr.,.n riiJUdlrhlft and surrounding towns
te th J?lV tn,lve 12 nts par wetk, payable
,?iIvl'J i? PltitJ etid of Philadelphia In
.tS,lffiJ,,?.Ulr, frM- nnY ,80 "t psr month.
'U(I0) dollars per ytar. nayabla in mvinn.
Te an rerslsn countries one (ID dollar a month.
Terios Subscribers wlahlnc address changed
Smut sirs old as well as new address.
?ELt, 3000 TAtNUT
KEYSTONE. MAIN lfel
VA.ddrtt$ all communications te Evrninp Public
Member of the Associated Press
T frrrm 1 URnnr tivn nefpn j. ,......,..
i fntea fe the fjse Yer rnuhriMiiAH n nil m.h
"f rfpetciM errdlled re It or net olieru-Ue crrdlterf
i 21 ra,r aB" aM "" local nfies pueKjhed
' " Hffftfs of repuMleallen e sprrlal dUpatche
rrtn or also rrserved.
Phllid.lphli, Stlurd.y. Uerembcr 10, 19Z1
THE ROOTS OF THE TRAGEDY
npttlE Impossibility of nccurntcly npprais-J-
lng human life in tcrmn of dellnrs U
demonstrated In Acncw T. Dice's cstiinnte
"of $17,000,000 ns tlie ce.t of supplanting the
wooden cars of the I'liiltitWphin nml llcnd llcnd
leg Hallway with modem tool ce.-icIiph.
The sum is fnr from trilling. Sinec the
yrve the flnnniiil condition of American
railroads has net been sufficient! lii-nltliy te
(jpn
i wsmen
I JWrtPters
l "Jf Vnrrnnr innrmmig nvtinmllfiiriiu fnr rnlinliili.
j3 tetliiR obsolete equipment.
I In one sense this mnj be resnrded as an
xeuse for existing inadequacies. In an
other it totally fails te -marc with human
responsibilities. It is known beend tiic
reach of nrffiiment thnr nntinunted wooden
leachc8 arc jietential death traps. Their
elimination as promptly as possible is an
jfSlmperatlve public duty of the railway nmn-I'iit&Zcnicnts.
Security nt &ea haB been vastly Increased
fey the Government rejulatfen compelling
11 8tcamsliips, of whatever nationality,
jjrcalling at Amerienn ports te carry wireless
nifJxiHinmpnt 'Phn rnliiif linti invnlri'fl n inn-
ii).T( i r , ,"" ., -
iiViBiufrnDie euiiny ei money dj snip owners.
liBut the gain in safety has been he im-
MJ;Htcnsurably out of propertlun with the ma-
iMiWIterlal expense as te be unworthy of serious
mSMebnte.
iJV Modernization of tlie railroads is unnt-
Jwlefitnnliln nTnrnti'li t Wlinf iu tuif1irl is till
l'Iltt ... f ..,!.... .,..lc,. ..( :
SB WIU1 VV1UVII i, Dl (i I'll-Mfiv rili. iwiiv..t ij4 ini-
MKlBreveracnt directed toward the goal of all-
tiSiBtecl passenger cars en all lines, trunk or
suburban.
i The recommendation of the Interstate
Commerce CemmMUm ! unqualified, "lie
tiee of steel coaches iR dc-cribed in its an
BUal report as "required."
It Is shlrkine the issue te focus entire
blame for the horror at Uryn Atliyn upon
the lazlt.v of the train conductor. The
magnitude of the treged wns due specifi
cally te single trackage and notoriously in
flammable cenenes. The most elaborate
prosecution of the inquiry cannot in decency
dodge these shocking facts.
JDOING IT THEMSELVES
TT "WAS understood that when the trustees
iX' elected General I.cenrrd Weed lie wns te
take charge of the business auairs et tne
I, University of Pcnnsjlvania and te de what
tva possible te put them In proper shape.
if Uut it He does net Dave tne nenriy co-
., ., l , i. .1.. 11.!.. T
operation ei tne niuiuni nu run u nun . ii
the alumni can de netlilug of them-elvcs,
m . , i . ii.f :.u l
iuencrni oeu can ue umu uu mnu.
i.fjjf Xiiie inil c.llln iu iiau- u.-vn inn' i".( ,..
lOTarrangemcnts are new making by the alumni
Ifl- M L va. sk hnim hnin tistfisit'risl fnf
jjte etnrt a campaign te raise .iu.iwmiuu ier
the endowment fund and te have the work
li' wll ,n,l nnv iflmn thu frptinrnl returns
'from the Philippines next September.
Dependence en the State Treasury as a
icrutch te help the crippled finances of the
if TJnIvcrt.lt has continued tee long. It has
Kdeubtlcss prevented private contributions,
Vm i.i. ... ...i......:n ...
IkQixer men wnn ineiiej ii """'ii ""i
nunually disposed te give it te institutions
alilThere are notable exceptions, of cnurse.
WtlBut it is well known thnt the I'nlversity of
SPejinsylvnnln has received no great bene
itmrtinna such .is lrnve uenc te Princeton irnd
jXale and Hnrvar'd. although there are men
I tot wealth within the field that Pennsylvania
It nerves' thnt are well able te endow the L'ni-
'tTerfuty; Jn tins city, neme ei mem are
jraduates of the University and ethers are
intimately connected with Peiinsjlvnnlii in-
rtltutlens. Yet great fortunes made In tins
;:DKiie nave eeni icii, iu iii-uiunuiin uuiaiuw
4 s 1 . 1..aa. i, liu(ifiiinu riitulfln
flfef its boundaries.
in The development of loyalty among the
II great body of Pcnnsjlvania alumni which
iVwill result from the proposed campaign for
Wfunds ought te react upon the whole com-
f.l'munlty nnn can ienu n Braun inn i
t?;.UAH.IKl ltnl,ft,l,i.vuu frlimi linn liitlinrfu l)pn
ufruimicjHi icii'ii'-- w...... .-..
Iji&anifested.
"FILTHY LUCRE"
DK. AVIHTK, of the Laboratory of Hy
slene. will undoubtedly relieve a great
'strain en the public mind when he an
il neunccs thnt, although bacilli have been
if known te Jive eighty nays en a penny ami
l.ventv-enc dnys en a ni'kel, coins are net
i'great factors in the transmission of disease.
,V j JlUCll et vniue migui lie learned irem
'IHCfe econemieui uutmi, u- iMnc u-i-
in these days would be dellglited te Knew
'&&W te live ten minutes en a cent and a
Blckel together.
Vim doctor also makes a valuable centri-
fbtltien te the public peace of milid wlien lie
''further announces thnt lie does net knew
fat a Bingl'; case of Illness which was truce
r.Mi, i. Hi. hnndlini' of money. He is nreb-
(ably right. With money ns hard first te
'get and then te keep, against the insistence
e the butcher, the baker, the 'candlestick -
I ..!.... nml n vnried nssertment iif eth(r
! ("tradesmen net mentioned In the famous
! .. 1. ,.,,.. I lin llknliliniwl nf Infeet Inn
:BurKuij iijni-, -
far lowered te the wiuniiy wen-Known irre-
Ji.tl.ln .tltttTtlltll
im.-uiv
K Viirthcrmere. although there are no re-
fjiable statlstleb at hand. It is believed that
fctHere Is net a ense en record of- any person
Khaving refused money of any sort because
I t the probability thut it ceutulned germs of
ay uegcriptien.
$ UTILIZING THE SCHUYLKILL
MMT .MUNICIPAL utilization of its imvlgn-
VfJl: We rivers Philadelpliia is net only t'ur
Hi y. . . ., . -i.i. ..in... .. ir .. i... i..
! La tin rear et many large urban communities
fiK tW United States.
Dhweter Lnvcn lias evolved a plan -for
interacting se me of this indifference In n
iwm whh:h may mark tlie begiuulug of
Mrappreciaiien ei our uuvini resources.
,M)Mewhat modest inaugural program
the shipment of ashes down the
11 and, the filling in of lutd ureas
along the stream at the comparatively rea
sonable cost of fifty-nine cents n cubic yard.
Xargc-ecale commerce and the fact that
it is a State frontier render the Delaware
less fit for such departures than Its tribu
tary. Hut the Schuylkill, lying within the
city limits, will net be forced te surrender
its charms as a Park ornament and is, below
the Falrmeunt dam, well suited te prac
tical uses.
The Seine et Paris is net only decorative,
but of genuine importance ns an nrtery
through a crowded metropolis. The time is
fast approaching when tlie lower Schuylkill
must be ndapted te a variety of pressing
needs.
Mr. Caven's proposal fully deserves the
requested indersement of tlie Council.
INFIRMITY CAN'T OUST THE
CAPTAIN FROM HIS SOUL
Blindness Defeated Sir Arthur Pearson
Ne Mere Than Similar Afflictions
Have Broken the Spirit of
Thousands of Others
A MONO nil tlie theories about the nature
"" of man, there is none which can Ignore
the fact that he Ih something mere than a
mere bundle of physical forces which react
te the stimulus of the nerves.
Something dwells in the tenement of clay
that pnsses comprehension. There Is Sir
Arthur Pearson, just dead from an accident,
who, though blind In Ills later jcars, refused
te succumb te his affliction and faced the
world with Ills head erect and uiidismnyed.
The Inliuencc of ills exnmple and his active
encouragement saved from despair hundreds
of soldiers blinded by the war. The closing
of the windows of the house did net neces
sarily evict the tenant. Though he was
deemed te live in It, he could still live In n
way worthy of a man, just as the Imprisoned
Hunynn wrote nn immortal book.
Sir Arthur determined thnt no physical
Infirmity should be allowed te cripple the
human spirit. It did net maim his spirit.
And tlie books nrc full of the records of ether
men who have refused te bow down te
physirnl limitations. The tenant of their
body wns tee big te be mastered by it.
The case of Milten Will at once come te
mind, because he was afflicted nfter the
manner of Sir Arthur. He dictated his
great epic te his daughters, perfecting the
lines In tlie darkness that enveloped him
before reciting them te these who wrote
them en paper.
Prescott wrote his histories when his sight
wns se dim that he had te emple.t ethers te
de his rending for him. lie might easily
have abandoned his work en the plea that
his sight was tee peer. Hut the man Pres
cott was se much mere powerful than the
body he inhabited thnt he overcame Its
weaknesses.
Senater Gere, of Oklahoma, is another
blind man who lias made his way from ob
scurity te prominence in spite of obstacles
thnt force littler men te give up tlie fight
and hide in :i corner.
And Ienu before Gere there wns Alexander
II. Stephens, gn crippled that he had te be
wheeled into his place in the halls of Con
gress. Yet lie was one of the most Influ
ential lenders of thnt body, a statesman of
brenil vision and a politician ready te fight
Ids adversaries, who could have lifted him
with one hand and thrown him out of n
window. Hut tlie tenant of thnt crippled
body was se big that it made him seem a
giant.
Itebcrt Iieni. Stevenson fought disease
for years nnd wrote in lied because lie was
net strong enough te sit up. Hut there shone
through his cjes nn unconquerable man who
came te grips with fate, wrestled with it
nnd wen.
Kven one knows thnt Alexander Pepe was
a hunchback, yet he became n fashionable
poet ; anil Hj ren Imd a club feet, but his
mliul was perfectly formed. Samuel Jolin Jelin Jolin
seu was afflicted with the king's evil, which
was n cnntintinl irritation te his nerves, yet
lie produced n volume of literature which
amazed his contemporaries and has been
the admiration of posterity.
Scarren, the French comic poet, wns
paralyzed during tlie last thirty years of
his life and in constant pnin, but he did net
succumb, for lie continued te write with
his accustomed brilliance.
Instances could be multiplied without
number, net only from the history of litera
ture and politics, but from the history of
business and tlie professions as well, hjit it
is nut neces,ary.
They are numerous enough te justify the
conclusion that there is nothing Impossible
te the human will or the human mind or
the human soul, whateer tlie tiling known
as the real man may be cilled.
It is net the body that does tilings, though
it Is a useful tool. It is the Invincible spirit
within that has dared nil heights and
plumbed all depths and sent its imoxlnatien
into tlie furthest reaches of infinite space
that It may search out tlie universe and
knew it. And it was tlilb spirit speaking
through Henley which said :
It matter net heir atmit the gntr,
Hec charged with punishments the scroll,
I am the master nf my fate,
I am the rniitnin nf jmi tout.
EQUAL RIGHTS TO TOBACCO
T1IK ce-eds of the I'nlversity of Chicago
are up against a hard preposition. No Ne
tice lias been posted in their dormitories
thnt no smoking is te he allowed in the
building. New the question naturally arises
if tlie girls rna.v net smoke in the dormi
tories, where shall they smoke?
Se far .is is known they hnve net jet
begun te sport cigarettes in tlie street. And
also se fnr as is known the heys in the
university are allowed te smoke what they
will in their dormitories.
We de net suppose that the university
authorities think they enn prevent the girls
from smoking by the new rule. Ner de we
suppose that the members of t .e faculty who
smoke intend te give up their tobacco in
order te set the giils n geed example.
Seme v ty out will have te he found thnt
will recognize the equality of the sexee. It
is net likely te be the way adopted in a
bearding school for bejs nn Leiik Island in
which smoking wns forbidden. The custom
there was for the members of the facultj te
assemble in a room in the basement after
dinner, light their cigars ami blew the
smoke up the chimney of a fireplace, while
the bes assembled in a room en tlie top
fleer, lighted their cigarettes and blew the
snnke up tlie same chimiic), which opened
from another fireplace en that deer. The
plan worked te the satisfaction of every one
concerned.
A COAL WAGE BOARD
TllK establishment of n coal wage beard,
with authority te determine wage scales
and te adjust nil labor difficulties at the
mines, te which, it is said, President Hard
ing Is giving serious consideration, is a
move which should, and probably will, meet
with cnthuslustlc public approval.
In the past the operators, especially of
the anthracite mines, have used the wage
scale fl the principal reason for advancing
prices en cool. Any move which will tend
te clarify conditions In this field nhd make
known the real situation will be a step In
the right direction.
The two years' mine wage agreement ex
pires en March 31 next, nnd unless seme
action is taken new long bickerings, with
the possibility of a strike, are certain te
fellow before new agreements nre reached.
Any suspension of mining Is n serious mnt
ter. At the close of March, with the cold
weather virtually ever, the Inconvenience te
these who use coal only for heating pur
poses In net se severe, but te'vthe Industries
of the country It Is ns bad as at the be
ginning of or during the winter. And at
present It Is of the first Importance that
there be no mere disturbance of industry.
The cenl situation, both in the anthracite
nnd in tlie soft-coal fields, Is a complicated
and delicate matter In ether respects than
the labor aspect, although tills is probably
the most vital single question involved. The
intlinnte relation of the public, both as
householders nnd as manufacturers, te the
coal industry makes it of especial impor
tance thnt Its interests be gunrded, Tlie
step new proposed In Washington might be
the opening wedge te that thorough survey
of coal conditions which Is se badly needed.
IRISH MARPLOTS AND PATRIOTS
NO GltKAT reform wns ever accomplished
unnccempnnied by the squeals of mar mar
peots nnd chronic irrecencilables. v
lp te the present Knmen de Vnlera's
record hns been one of shrewdness nnd an
iinpnsiened and comprehensible patriotism.
Hut his opposition te tlie trenty with Eng
land presaging tlie end of 700 years df strife
strikes n jarring note in n situation in which
the whole of clvllizntieii net merely Ire
land is profoundly concerned.
Hut It must be remembered thnt the D.ill
Kireann is n legislative body and ns such is
net free from the interplay of political in
fluences anil of cress purposes that nre net
necessarily proof against reconciliation.
Arthur Griffith, founder of tlie Sinn Fein
and chief of the Irish delegation which
signed the pact in Londen, has uncqulvo uncqulve
cally declared that the terms are. geed
enough for him. Many responsible sections
of the Irish press indorse his nttitude.
The Irish Times, of Dublin, net only de
scribes the settlement ns offering "the great
est measure of freedom and the richest
prospects of pence nnd progress" for Ire
land that ever were or can be within her
grasp, but this journal significantly stresses
the fnct that if the Irish people reject the
treaty they "will forfeit the sympathies of
the entire world."
It is plain that extremists like Carsen en
one side and Celinlan en the ether nre
destined te be dlssntisfied with any accom
modation. Their ideal is apparently con
tinued strife nnd unregenerntc turmoil. Hut
an overweening importance is assigned te
these would-be despoilers of progress, if
their frenzies nre considered tee seriously.
' Well-wishers of civilization will de bet
ter te dwell upon the still hopeful possi
bilities of a majority in the Dall Kircann
for the treaty. It is useless te seek te
mollify certain types of croakers. Tiicir
shrill cries arc often imperfect Indices of
tlie nctunl sweep of their influence.
Almest inconceivable is any prospect of a
repudiation of a generous and eminently
practlcnl program of peace and freedom by
the Irish people as n whole
Tlie voting In the Dnil. fixed for next
Wednesday, will be the barometer of au
thentic patriotism and of the sanity of age
old aspirations.
TREATIES ARE INDISPENSABLE
THK possibility of the emergence of a
four-Power Pacific agreement from tlie
Washington sessions is exceedingly strong.
When tlie facts nre known it is net unlikelv
that the recent meetings in the capital
will prove te be among the most momentous
in the nnnnls of American foreign relations. -
As tlie Conference was net summoned te
spin engaging theories, considerations of
common sense demand specific solutions of
specific problems.
It is understood thnt the reported treaty
between the I'nited States, Great Hrltnin,
France nnd Japan will net bind any of the
parties te the application of force should
Infractions of tlie terms ever become
flagrant. Presumably the pact will define
the interests and relationships of encli of
the four nntlens in the Pacific Ocean nnd
the F'r Fast, and it is hinted that rotifi retifi rotifi
catien by duly authorized agencies will
render the disturbing Angle-Japanese
Treaty permanently invalid. Settlement of
this vexed question wns undoubtedly one of
tlie nlms of the Conference.
As for tlie trenty bogie, that is n curious
phenomenon which is partly tlie result of
much undigested theorizing, due perhaps te
the sense-Klinttering influences of a world
upheaval. Tlie cabinets of the Department
of State nre stocked with honorable treaties
in force between the I'nited States and sister
nntiens.
It is preposterously absurd te anath
ematize treaty-making when that provides
tlie only clear escape from a situation tee
long clouded by delusion and distrust.
Klishn I.ee. Pennsyl
Peiiny Pinching vnnla Italiread official,
in Slnclt Times put his. finger en a great
truth when he told lecnl
business men thnt railroad rates will be less
a source of worry than freight congestion
when business returns te normal and gees
n bit beyond ; n truth apparently lest sight
of bv public men whose eyes ought te his
opened. There will be no sweetness In the
inm when It comes, but it may centnln n
beneficial pill. Ne public service body can
function properly under divided control. It
needs the spur of possible big profits te give
ndequate service and should be left te
haitdle its own problems. The one alterna
tive Is Government ownership.
On the snme day en
which the Advisory
Commit tec recommended
te American delegates te
Conference a complete
chemical warfare the
Inner I'rge
Is Huslness
the Washington
abandonment of
Amerienn Institute of Clicmlcul Fnglneers,
meeting In Hnltimere, demanded that the use
of chemicnls be continued and that the
country mnke such preparation ns will
enable 'chemist te manufacture poison gases
in large quantities In time of war. Perhaps
the members of the Advisory Committee have
mere hope than lustlficatinn for It; assuredly
the Amerienn Institute nf Chemical En
gineers shows ability te manufacture poison
gns in times of pence.
Ti Is net tee far fetched te blame the
war for the Heading Itallmad disaster. The.
war put the railroad under Government con
trel. The end ei tne war. as me president
of the Heading points out, put them back
Inte private hands with depleted treas
uries. The company hadn't the price of
new cars. Is It the proper tiling, therefore,
te make tlie ex-Kaiser n defendant In any
suit that may result;!
Perhaps remnnce died en tiie sea with
tlie Invention of the steamship; but If se
(and It has always been n big IF) it lias
been born again with the submarine. Ne
mere stirring story of the sen wes ever writ
ten tbnn thnt told in news dispatches 0f tlie
rescue of the men from the S--IS, nor finer
examples of bravery recorded tbnn that of
the submarine crew and the crew of the
rescuing tug.
THE GREATEST GRAFTER '
Hew a New Yerk Newspaper Yeare
Age Exposed Bess Bill Tweed The
Story Retold en Its Fiftieth
Anniversary
Ky OKOUGE NOX MrCAIN
"Aa7iiat nrc you gel,1B t0 u0 nbel,t ,t?"
"" When they cnught William , M.
("Hill") Tweed stealing millions from New
Yerk City he calmly looked his accusers in
the eye nnd propounded the above famous,
or rather infamous, query.
William M. Tweed was the greatest
grafter and public plunderer this country
ever knew.
Jehn Hnrdsley. City Treasurer of Phila
delphia, with his defalcation of n million or
se, was a measly little piker beside "Hill"
Tweed.
Where Hnrdsley took his graft by the
handful, Tw'eed used n scoop shovel.
Oddly enough, while this is the thirtieth
anniversary of the Iinrdsicy crime In Phila
delphia, It Is the fiftieth anniversary of
"Hill" Tweed's great steal from the tax
payers of New Yerk.
Vengeance was visited swiftly en Hnrds
ley by the Council and people of Phila
delphia. New Yerk hnd te be kicked into an appre
ciation of her wrongs before she took step
te punish the plunderers.
Hilliam Mnrcy Tweed is the only Ameri
can grafter in civil life who ever achieved
the distinction of having ills crimes em
balmed in the Encyclopedia llritannlcn.
TIIE Tweed ring reached the heights of
its rascality in New Yerk City In 1871.
In the brief period of one year his gang
looted the city for something like $S1,000,
000. And there wns practically nothing te show
for It.
Tweed was the first conspicuous exponent
of the political idea of interlocking relations
between State and municipality.
He secured legislative permission and
sanction in the siiapc of enabling nets for
the various. changes in New Yerk's charter
that enabled him te bury his hands im te
the elbows in the city treasury.
Tweed's first great preliminary step wns
te get a new city charter from the State
Legislature. Tills was In 1S70.
Its preliminary advertising proclaimed it
te he n Heme Itulc measure.
The Conspicuous fpntnrn In llin nniv din,-.
ter for tlie metropolis was that the Citv-
omreiicr, tlie president of the Park Heard
and tlie president of tlie Heard of Super
visors, who wns William Mnrcy Tweed,
were placed In complete control of the cit's
fiscal affairs. ,
Tlie joker in the charter was that these
three officials were irremovable.
rpiIAT is where Tweed and his ring had
the public by the nose.
Moreover, nil heads of departments were
appointed for terms of from four te eight
ears, and they also were practically irre
movable. Further, te clinch their held en the citv's
millions, it wns nlse provided tliut all hills
against the County of New Yerk Incurred
prier te the passage of the Charter Act
should be audited bv this trio, the Con
troller, the president of supervisors and
president of the Park Heard.
Tlie Heard of Supervisors, of which Tweed
was president, met hut once.
Hy vote it certified all claims te tlie City
Auditor, who was u creature of the Tweed
ring.
He in turn passed them en te the Heard
of Auditors, headed hj Tweed.
At one sweep the boa id authorized the
payment of .fll.OOO.OOO worth of claims, of
which I!." per cent were fraudulent.
Later en the Tweed ring raised the limit
te Ml per cent ns its share of the graft.
THE City Controller. Connelly by nnme,
who subsequently "scpiealed," wns the
official who passed en the advisability of
ini'i easing the amount of graft.
In nearly every case the scheme was te
take, say, n plumber's bill for i?,'!."i() nnd raise
it te $;i.-.oe.
Of course, the plumber get his mene
promptly and kept iiis mouth closed. The
remainder was divided among members of
the ring, according te their importance.
There have been instances of big thefts
in municipalities in this country since, in
New Yerk also, but nothing thnt cut ap
proached tlie operations of the Tweed ring.
It was deliberate and calculated theft.
All jobs of this kind are calculated, net
only ns te the amounts but as te tlie meth
ods of acquisition and plans for concealment
Anether fact is that the official grafter is
a coward, who only fights when in fear of
exposure and disgrace lie is driven into a
corner. Then he usually breaks down in the
end.
rrME New Yerk Times exposed Tweed. At
first it hnd only rumors en which te
work.
Tweed endeavored te frighten the news
paper into silence. Thnt didn't work.
Then he tried te buy stock in tlie Times
with the purpose of ultimately turning It
into tlie hnnds of a receiver ami thus silenc
ing its voice.
Hut the paper kept calling en the Demo
cratic Party te investigate.
It kept insisting thnt full Information be
furnished about the city's finances.
Elmer Davis, n historian of the Tweed
ring expose, says :
"A great many worthy citizens thought
that the Times was unreasonable nnd vin
dictive. There was heard the complaint
since become painfully familiar, that criti
cisms of the Administration were injuring
the g I name and credit of the city and
thnt it was the duty of all geed citizens te
boost New Yerk and its officials.
"Even tlie reformers of that period were
silent."
TN OCTOISElt of 1871. fifty yearn, age, the
X City Controller suddenly announced that
he would submit his books te the inspection
of six of the most distinguished citizens of
New Yerk. Jehn Jacob Aster nnd Marshall
O. Ileherts were two of these men.
They reported thnt "the account books of
the department nre faithfully kept.
We have come te the conclusion and cert if v
that the fuinncinl affairs of the city, under
the charge of the Controller, are' admin
istcrcd in n faithful nnd correct manner."
The books were "correct." They showed
that se much money had been paid' for this
se much for thnt. The six respectable citi
zens went no further.
An unforeseen accident was responsible
for the great expose.
The City Auditor (Tweed's man) was
thrown from u sleigh and fatally injured.
A new man went in ns bookkeeper ' He
reported gient discrepancies. Further' sup
pression was Impossible.
Within n month the publication of the
Controller's accounts showed thnt $0,000 -000
had been spent for icpairs en the un
finished courthouse. Ninety per cent of this
wns graft.
It get tee het for Controller Cemiellv nnd
he quit. Then came the cataclysm.
Se vast were the sums stejen. se weli
llke the trail of graft, that the total amount
was never learned.
Tweed was tried and convicted, but re
leased en a technlcallt.
He lied te Spain In n yacht, was recap
tured, brought biu'k. and died in Jail leaded
witli ignominy and disgrace
Tlie oddest feature of this noted case wus
thnt some of tlie most eminently rcspcctnble
citizens of New Yerk refused te believe in
Tweed's guilt te the end.
When the Times published extracts from
the Controller's books they were met with
tlie assertion, "They were surreptitiously
obtained from n dishonest servant."
Anether icply te tlie exixisuie was thnt
thev were "the. gross attacks of a partisan
jeurnnl upon the cicdit of the city."
''t tliu Timet exposed the graft just the
same.
Js. IV' 1 1, ntk i , ft VAyTfflysl BsHsWNcSiyilslVIAlHBsBBSBBflBBsa-sHsW
-rjc3R'sflWjVlT4tu WtiHm)tjn XBSfBBsSSKBSwilKSaBmBffmSKBSff
' j ,ta '-MiffisSBsnisE?QBK
NO W MY IDEA IS THIS !
Daily Talks, With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They
Knew Best
LIBORIO DELFINO
On Aiding the Blind
IT IS cesier te train the blind man than tt
is te educate the public te aid him, ac
cording te Llborle Deifine, field officer of
tlie 'Pennsylvania Institution for the In
struction of tlie Blind, who is in charge of
the salesroom and exchange maintained by
that school at li0-l Seuth Thirteenth street.
'A handicapped man or woman who Is
Industrious, courageous and ambitious and
willing te weik should net fail te have the
practical, sympathetic co-operation of the
public In nny field of usefulness," says Mr.
Deifine. "Ne person is properly rehabili
tated until he is placed in some usefijl and
remunerative employment in accordance with
his ability and qualifications.
"Every hnndicnfiped person restored te
economic usefulness is an asset te the com
munity, and the restoration of the personal
happiness nnd comfort of the individual is
nnetlicr goal te be reached.
"The blind have demonstrated their nbil
itv and efficiency in various fields. As
tv'pists, musicians, piano tuners, lawyers,
merchants and in certnin mechanical proc
esses in factories where opportunity hns
been given, the blind nre mnking geed today.
What Blind Can De
"We have, tee, many engaged in various
handicrafts, such os choir caning, rng and
carpet weaving, brush making, broom
mnking, basketry, knitting nnd crocheting.
"The blind of Philadelpliia could easily
recane 10,000 chairs u year with the best
werkmnnshlp nnd material if they were
given the work by the public. Many of them
nrc very proficient In rag carpet and rug
weaving, tee.
"Piane tuning is n field in which the
blind excel. Many of the best plnne stores
nnd fncteries employ blind piano tuners, but
there is still much room for expansion. Net
nil the dealers are sufficiently intcicstcd te
give tlie blind tuner an opportunity. We
also hove field tuners who can and de go
everywhere.
"Here at tlie salesroom we sell many
products made by tlie blind. Last June was
the decennial of the salesroom and exchange.
What De Yeu Kneiv?
QUIZ
1. What American stntesmnn uttered these
words en Ills deathbed : "This Is the
last of earth; I am content"?
2. Who Is the new Premier et Canada?
3. In wiint presidential messauc was the
Menree Doctrine first defined?
4. What two Independent republics were
absorbed nt their own suggestions by
the I'nited Stntes?
n. Why Is n Jonquil se called?
fi. What is nn cmnute?
7. When and where was the Hattle of Rel-
ferlne fought and who were the bellig
erents? 8. What Is said te be the, rainiest hour of
the day?
9. What is mi cpergne?
10. Hew should the word be pronounced?
Answers te Yesterday's Quiz
1. New Yerk (New Amsterdam) was taken
from the Dutch by the Knglish In 1CC4
In the reign of Chnrles IT.
2. The first nnme of Gulliver, the here of
Swift's "Gulliver's Travels," Is Lemuel,
3. Pierre Cernelllc was a celebrated French
dramatist and poet of the seventeenth
century Among his most famous playa
are "Im fid" and "I'elyeuctc."
4. The word fudge Is said te be derived
from the fiiiellc "(Tug." deception, or
the Welsh "ffug," pretense.
C. Christopher Columbus made four vey.
ages of discovery te the .Ww World
6, Levi I'. Morten was Vice President of
the United States under Benjamin
Harrison . '
7, D'Knntry. a French dramatist of the
nineteenth century, wrete the popular
ini'ludiam.i, "The Twe Orphans," In
Its original feim.
5. Four kinds of pine trees found In the
United Stntes nre white pine, yellow
pine, hull pine and sugar pine. There
are also numerous ether varieties
9. Lord Fairfax, of the Virginia Fairfaxes
Is the only American-born Drltlsh
peer. He moved te England" In lflus
and claimed the title, which had been
long In abeyance,
10. A reredes Is an ornamental screen In n
-hurch covering the wall at the back
of the altar. It should be pronounced
"rear-dese."
SLOWLY BUT, SURELY
3L ,(
- - sSjls - , ; , -
Vi wsl "ft I 1 'ikfllffJl
In these ten years we hove worked steadily
for the betterment of conditions among the
blind, and our efforts have met with a rich
reward. Here is a letter received In Febru
ary of last year from a young man who is
blind and who gradueted from the school In
" 'I am well nnd still lecnted nt .
The business is improving nnd I nm nble
te save some money. I hnve several Liberty
bends end have .$1000 worth of insurance,
some money in the bank, and in the spring
expect te take out five shares of building
and lean stock.'
Excellent Kecerd 'Made
"This is an excellent record for a blind
young man in less than eight years after
leaving school. It shows what can be done
with a little help ami co-operation.
"The work bore nt the exchange hns two
aspects: First, the securing of remuner
ative employment for present nnd former
pupils at the school, and for some who have
acquired blindness in adult life; and, sec
ond, encouraging and enforcing habits of
work and thrift, thnt react most helpfully
upon instruction nt the school and aid in
the inculcation of these permanent linbits
of industry and economy which are se es
Sciijinl te blind people.
"We keep many busy, but they keep
coming every day, and the demand for work
exceeds the visible supply. We need co
operation from the people of Philadelphia.
Hnpp ncss comes through work. A man
who is blind and idle is l the Inferno.
Give him something te enable him te occupy
his mind and talents and you arc doing him
the grcntcst tcrvlce in your power."
HUMANISMS
By WILLIAM ATIIKKTON DU PUY
QlENATOIt WILLIAM II. KING, of
J Ftah, is a Democrat, and se, when the
time-honored question of the tariff presents
itself anew, ns it is just new doing, he sees
no reason why one should net dig back into
the pest and tell the tariff stories of the
earlier generation. Se he relates tills one
lie used te tell when lie campaigned for Con
gress back in the 00s.
General William Maiiene in these dnvs
was tlie Republican boss of Virginia. The
Democrats used te claim that he premised
all things in bidding for the Negro vote,
but thnt his dclhcry of rewards was doubt-
The story was told of Sambo who died
and went te heaven, and when lie presented
himself for admission St. Peter asked him
If he was riding or walking. Sambo ad
mitted that he was walkin. He wns told
that he could net get in unless lie wns riding
and turned nway dcspendent-llke.
Just down tlie read lie met General Wil
liam Mnhene bound likewise for the pearly
gates and likewise en feet. He told the
general of Ills experience and warned him
against it similar approach te St. Peter
The fertile mind of the politician conceived
a way te meet tlie sltuulien and he proposed
te Sambo that he ride him up te the ticket
window and thus mounted he would be pre
pared for the eventual query, and thev
would both get in.
Whereupon he approached the gate of
heaven with much of the clatter of lashing,
whipping and spurring. h'
"Are you riding or walking?" sked
St. I etcr.
Imv'ivV ,1",(,lP",:n, replied loudly.
" , ell." said St. Peter, "tie your horse
outside and come right in."
In tills way, said Senater King, did the
verfr of u generation age share in the
benefits thnt come from a protective tariff
and se de they share today.
Pat Sullivan, who s Kcpublicni. National
Committeeman for the State of Wie,
and who owns mere sheep than anv ether
man In the world, almost, h jn;t , m,,
down in Washington visiting around
His presence calls te mid the facts of
his origin and tlie romance of his uufeldim'
in this hind of possibilities. Je ,
that Pat Sullivan arrived at New Y
nn Irish Immigrant boy at the age of en
and went te work cleaninK spittoons I,
saloon. It wasn't what he wanted te de
but it was n job and he saved nenriy i
the money that it brenKit In. At he c
of a year he went te a iallrea.1 ticket die
pu down his entire savings, ami asked )r
u ticket as far as that would carry ,
.AV
I
Jii
p , i I a f ifli n
SHORT CUTS
The alternative seems te be: Sign peace
pact or Send peace packing.
Life with Lloyd Geerge Is just one
darned conference nftcr another.
A hen a professlennl ngitnter savs he
is stricken dumb by events lie Is probably
lying.
,, De, ,yu suppose that Henry Ferd.
Midas like, hates geld because he has s&
much of It?
Whisky wns found hidden In barrels nf
onions In Norfolk, Vn. Heech was, as
usuel, in bad odor.
. iylc m? of frei"sll "nance incline
te the belief that a chandler is a guy who
bums your surplus tnllew.
deni'nc1'" lpnNt intWlnK "f the Presi
L" -s '"iirmnment plnifs is that directed
egalnst criticism in the Senate.
wm Ni?, l!fSirP for L'mltntien of armament
s;n ,...J,rilfy l ,n?n ln withholding from
tsnntn Cleus the sinews of war.
It is becoming Increasingly hard te
&? "iW tIle Wn"''lnKten Conference
n treat "" cffcctlvc finnl act without
Oi.n I ," in," "n"? nsked Shakespeare.
Query referred te Bloomsburg. Pa. Dis.
tlmt het m "J?1 .V10 r0M! " Moe"" In
tnnt burg 'despite the snow.
wemmi Yer,., ,,,Pn".t-v specialist urges
women te cover the r legs when tlie le"s
who adml';r,,'V- "J" wIlere itl-e woman
,Wl admits her understanding nt fault?
PiM,rn,i,,,t ,1T'n",,(rrs "Pert that Marv
"one for I'v"'" ""ft," nml cestum";.
FemlninUv i0' m00cI' W" 'n't believe It.
1 cnilnlnlty knows no such limitations.
can 7mnmy:ClR,lt In, hundred Aineri-
en!' !f" tn, )w '""eased. Leve for
ones country Increases when one owns a
of tZ lrthlt 'T,"rt,? r'nmllK u ln fnver
It,, h e,"!1 '"hnwnnll causes one. "Hnbe"
, . T.?, t 'rPr t0 """-c the opinion thnt
the Judge wns always a breezy guv Or
was "windy" the word he used?
vear'ifERi Gev,0,rnm,-, lrlnjr the fiscal
eni of 1U2.1, will spend ?20 for everv
"l'"!" """ ;l'ild In the United State's
Cln 'iT1, "mI .,vnr,i e come. SnnM
'money ,lW (, a ,et of K01 "'Ith that
A French scientist, nfter careful e-
SlnirU'' hn" "V"'"'1 ,h' ln the Se of a
single season n housefly becomes tlie parent
and direct ancestor of 3.nS5.fl0n.3S7.7fifi,000
-count 'cm. .,t.nR5.0fi0..1S7.77ri.000-etl.er
m' " ' ."nt,. " housewife in the country
will care te dispute his word.
Tlie hundreds of blackbirds thnt have
bee,, roosting en the local Heur.se during the
ast few days are doubtless related te these
Immortalized in the Seng nf Sixpence, and
for that reason foregathered where the
sovereign citizen might cnncelvnblv be found
In his counting houses counting out hh
money. "
The president of a New Yerk bank
seys bootleggers invest their profits in
securities that pay no tax te the Govern
ment, eud Arthur Brisbane sees in the fact
an Indersement of the nlnn te tnv all income
derived from State, city nnd private bends.
Less vivid thinkers see in It merelv the
necessity fnr wiping out the bootleggers.
A suit for non-support in Wnshincten
developed the fact that the defendant,
bellboy, made 5100 n week In tips. It never
has been conclusively proved thnt a bellboy
earns thnt much money. It must, there
fore, fellow tlmt tlie money is handed te him
hy suckers without ceurnse enough te with
stand being bled. If the suckers ever or
ganize we 11 all be eligible for membership.
The report of the Secretary of the In
terior shows Hint the undeveloped resources
of tlie country sl In tlie hands of the Gov
ernment nml, ei, phosphates, water power.
etc -ren- at in the ii'liberh 1 of fifteen
hundred billions of dollars. Hut there H
nothing herelnceiitnineil which is designed
te curb the Industry of General Dawes.
I licle Sam's nephews nnd nieces w!" hnve
te work for ihose dollars before they get
tiiem nnd there Is no exctibc for throwing
nway the dollars they have.
tf'Jr.i
I' -..
3B