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EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1921
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Aliening Jubltc Sie&ger
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
emus ii. K. cfnns, rR-jreiNT
Jehn C, Martin, Vies Prcildint and Trtaaurtr;
Charlti A. Tler, 8crtryi Chrs H. Ludlnt
tan. Philip 8. Cellln, Jehn H. William. Jehn J.
nurseen, Ueerca F. Qeldnmltt), David E. Hmller,
Tlr-cttr.
1JAVID E. UMII.KT Edltef
JOHN C, MARTIN. .General JJmlntM Manager
I'ubllshed dally at Pcauc Lnvin Buhdlrur
inurrrnuence aquare i niintiirnia.
Atiantie Citi Prtu-VnUyn HullJInr
Mw YenK .104 Ma.llten Av.
DrmciT T01 Ferd Building
Hr. I.ecn 613 alahDtmecrat Dulldlre
C'lIIOioe 1302 Tribune LullJlnr
news isent'Avs.
TTiiiiiNOTOS Hemic,
N. K. Or. rennsjivanli Av an.l 14th St
Nr.w YeiiK lltjuiic The Bun Hulldln
Londen Buieau Trafalgar Ilulldlne
SUnSi'IUlTKi.V Ti:ilM8
Th EiiNtna rcnun Ln)ra Ii eerved te ub
crlbeia In I'hl'nddphia and aurreundlne towns
at the rate of tvvelva (12) cent rar week, payable
te the carrier.
Uy mall te points eutide cf rhlladelpMa In
the t'nltcd States, at.ada or t'nred Htitts pof pef pof
ilen, pettace fin. fitly (Ml cn;j pr month,
felx dill dollar pr ear. paub.e In a-lvanc.
Te all foreign n antrii- one ill dollar a tnent'i.
Netice Subetrlbera wlahlrg address ehar.jeU
must slve Old as d. i.enr addiet.
HEI.I,. jnne WAIMT
C :
KtTer. mCin uei
t-TAddteis all n m- .mhiiu :e i.inilic Publio
tiHAg'r, tltrc1" ' Su. -t Vh '.ait'vhsa
Member of the Associated Press
T11V ASmOi'IATKD ritEFS rxclMivtlj fir
ftfled te the iijr 'e- r,-yubhcatien e' oil nrui
tlitpatchea credited te if ei ret etirrute creililrd
in tht$ pater, and aha the ImeI nej.s put'.whed
therein
til right) f republication of special iMpitc'irj
IrrHn are nln rrjrri'rd
l'hiliilrlphla, Tlmri.lit, Neirmlirr 21. 19:t
GIVING THANKS
GKATlTl'ni' Is '.lwlit'st when the -ti-e
of proportion Imi lieen lately shnrpt'tieil
by ailversit. In le v.vhl l lines iinmv!i
urnble bi,n,fnrtleii.s i.n- extremvly .ilttly te
tuins current us romnietiplni'o-.
Tlie eiaiicfi'tu e nt litiimin mm"!' -en
the whole n fettunuttf eeinlitnn - : perlmv
clilctl) ies.,inli!e ie tins hillfTcivn. .. It
Is the nature (f tl " I'iK'O t'Je rlle.Tfill. ai
it Is net eii-j tnr it mcmberi te cuii,lur up
lijpetlietirat pi lures of pf;l'jle v ee in a
spur te thanks pn .nc
Ter this icuseii the 'ay enei se dereitiy
observed by pioneer- Jn a then harsh land
lias become a festival en which deep feellnK"
are inveKi'd enl bj the exercise of much
. conscious effort.
Without exaggeration it can be proved
thnt this bounteously endow cil Intnl. this
Natien Intrinsically lneinutlble in re re
aetirce, bus neer been Utallj imperiled
elnee the I'hil Wnr.
Te the 1'nlted Slates of Arm rlcu the
world ninflict meant -trusRle and i-iicrllii'e.
but eu'ii in its darkest duys it hardly fore
(hallowed imminent niin te the Hepubllc.
I'enee has accentuated the p'enty and the
fctnbllity which are our portion.
livery epoch reveals its fortunate nation
dlxdalnful of envisaging the llke'lhe 1 of it
pomp ever becoming "one with Nineveh and
Tyre." America tedax .s the spoiled child
of destiny. Alnrsnists cannot make us trem
ble ftt the fact.
Moreover, their services are net required.
Appreciation Is -best when it is unnj . The
Ilepublic is entitled te rejoice today.
What is littinc is n spirit of thansRiving
exempt from faNe humility, but none the lss
cognizant of a prodigality of blessings. If
It is Impossible te be as poignantly grnteful
"as the shipwrecked mariner or the nation
delivered from lnvnlen. such thoughtful citi
zens as there are can at least strive te purge
their reev of vain boasting without sup
pressing the legitimate note of fe-t.ial.
PROGRESSIVE DEMOCRACY
IF 1'UKSLNT ttntleni'le-, continue it will
net be many generations before the mem
bers of the then Mile remaining rejal family
111 Kurepe wl'.l huve te leek outside of
royalty for hulnit:rii- anil wlie,.
Within the Ia-t five jears tliree of the
great reigning famllits have lest their
thrones. The (Vnr f Itusslu Is de'id and
the monarchy has passed with him. The
German I" npcrer hn abdicated mid is in
exlle, and the Kii.perer-King of Austria
Hungary has been deposed from the throne
of Hungary and has been sent te the Madeira
Islands, where he will be prevented irem
making nnv attempl te regain it. The King
of Portugal was ousted a few jears age and
1m n king in name en'.y.
And new the daughter of King Ucerge of
Orent Ilrltain and Iridnnd and Kmperer of
India has just become engngec te m.irry an
Kngltsh viscount, one of the lower orders
of the nebilltv, with no pr tension te royal
bleed. His family has been noble for only
n little mere than a hundred jears. It was
net until 171H1 that one of his ancestors was
made a baron, and in 112 was elevated te
nn earldom. The young mun l.lmsf will
become nn eurl when his father dies. Hut
lie has no mere rejal bleed in him than there
is In the eung American who a few v.eekH
age man led a jeung Kus-i.in I'rinee,. im
If the ( znr had bi en en t'ie throne the
Princes-, would net have Uen permitted te
leek se far a Amerlc.i for a husband.
Democracy l making pretty rapid strides
tbebedais
ANOTHER STERN MISSION
TIIK delights of being alarmed uht con
ditions in H.ilti and Sante iJominge arc
possibly mm h Intetisifitd today bj the de
parture fmrn League 1-b.tid ..t the armr
transport Argonne.
The liiimiin freight of thi- tcscI is cou ceu cou
eoned in part of a senatorial committee do de
termineil te "prebu" te the sl.mie ,,t t! s
sheltering piilm, if need b.-. affairs in tlie
Island ii publics which between them share
the limn hint soil of Hispunieln.
The expeilitien is predehtined te bear fru.t
in extensive reports te Congress and, unless
precedents nre untrustwerthj . te n fome feme
what favurable 'tlmatr of the American
policy of supervision. The jjnketing ever,
the cengr's-inniil Investigator of our tropic
"wards" is traditionally apt te become lamb
like, tractable, even serenely pleased.
Grim pictures or mtsgevenmient and n.al n.al
ndinlnistratleii. however, lire his enthusiasm
for roving southward. Somehow or ether his
paoslens in the heat of mnnni r are repressed.
December Is an ixcellem month for cruising
In the Caribbean.
The trade winds blew blithe! . The sk.e.s
are blue. At home winter Is approaching.
The meteorological contracts are sharp.
The vej aging fmiuls.ier- aboard the Ar
COline are doubtless sternly reulved te s(.0
the thing through, te "carry en" and all
thnt, even if their duty takes them where
Government entertninnieiit Is geed, where
gardens bloom, where the air is suave mid
where the vcMitlens of committee rooms are
lest in u delicious oblivion.
THE TURKEY SITUATION
WIIK.N puce of nn commodity take an
unexpected leap upward and this is
the general direction of price leaps there
in never lacking a voluble if net alvvavs con
vincing explanation of the reason. This him
been most recently shown In the excessive
price of turkejs at the preMMit timu and
the "reasons" therefer.
There seems te be something radically
Wrong In the feed distribution system when
from eight te ten tens of fresh meat run be
cendcuined In n duj, no matter what the
wi'uthcr conditions. This less represents
Waste of the worst kind, us Indeed does al
most any less In feed which is reudj for the
ieurkct. If Improper refrigeration were the
cause, steps should be taken by the feed
authorities of the various Htutca te bee that
such a thine cannot happen ngaln. Tim
. reason siren sounds almost incredible, be be
tause the men, ensased lu the transportation
of feedstuffs, especially fresh meat, are ex
perienced enough te knew the fluctuations of
our fall weather nnd te gunrd their goods
against it.
The turkey which was sent te President
Harding bj nirplane from Chicago became
"air sick" nnd had te be transferred te a
train te finish its trip, arriving in Washing
ton In the condition known in ntito-prehibl-tion
dns ns "groggy." Un condition at the
close of itn journey vt. probably thus
accurately described by the Washington
werd-palnteri , bur the turkry purely had
nothing en the cindlMen of the unsuspecting
Phlladclphlnn just after he had been told the
price of turkejs in the local markets jes
tcrday. OUR BARE STATE TREASURY
rpllK time has come when Governer Spieul
will have te give serious attention te the
condition of the finances of the State.
Hills against the Commonwealth remain
unpaid, and institutions for the support of
which mom j has been appropriated nre
without funds. The op!anatien offered in
llnrrisburg is that there is tie tiuMiej in the
treasurv .
There has been talk of tils i upending
condition for tiearlj four months. l!ut the
Governer mid t'.e State Treasun r have
laughed at the .suggestion that the State was
short of funds. The Governer has net gene
into detnlls. P.ut the State Treasurer said
en August 4 that "there is t:e occasion for
nlarm ever the financial condition of the
Commonwealth." He said that he was con
fident that there would be n clean balance
sheet at the end of the present appropriation
period. May "1, 1!L':!. P.ut he admitted that
"we arc temporarily embarrassed in the
matter of tnking care of current bills."
There were unpaid claims against the State
at that date mnmmting te mere than
ii.0iiO.000. Treasurer Snder insisted.
, however, that by the end of November
1 ."ii,0OO.00f vveu'd he collected ii tniies. and
that this amount would be mere than enough
te m"c all claims.
November is drawing t it close, and tiie
officials of one of the institutions dependent
en State funds for maintenance have been
told that there is no money for them. Small
payments en account of the amount due have
been made te ether institutions. Mere than
SI. ."00.000 is due te the Heard of Public
Kdticntien in this city, and lias been due
since July 1. but it has net been paid.
New, what is the teasen for tills condi
tion? Is it due te the failure te collect the
taxes? Or does It arise because State funds
nre en deposit in favorite banks drawing
only "'a per cent interest while the bankers
lend the funds te their customers at 0 per
cent?
It is known that there nre $.".000.0oe of
Stnte funds en deposit in uncus banks.
Why is it allowed te remain there instead
of being used te pay bills long overdue?
If there is a:i ndeiiuate explanation it
ought te be made without delay. If there
is no such explanation, the public ought te
knew who is responsible for the conditions
that prevail. It has a right te that knowl
edge. All that we haw get thus far is the ex
pression of a confident hope from Treasurer
Snyder that an adjustment will be made
which will enable the State te meet current
bills as they are presented.
There was some talk in the summer of
an extra session of the Legislature te con
sider the situation, but it came te nothing,
possibly because the State officials hoped
thnt something would turn up which would
make It unnis esSary. l!ut the condition of
the treasury is no better in November than
it was in August.
What is the Governer ge.i.g te de .ibeut it?
FOOD FOR PUBLIC THOUGHT
mllKUK is considerable feed for thought
JL for the taxpajers in the proceedings of
the last few dajs in Citv Council, and this
feed, like much ether that is served te the
public from the same dish, is of the unpala
table kind. Out of the whole mass of attack,
heated defence and recrimination, ending
with Charlie Hall's piteous plea that he had
unwittingly attempted te crucify the Majer's
son ou the Varc cress, comes the fact that
the financial interests of the city are about
the List thing which certain numbers of
Council have in mind. Kven the open charge
made by Councilman Ven Tiigen, that the
'economy" program was only n thin lis
guise for a plun te elect u gang Mayer in
lfi''.';. met with no denial from Mr. Gaftney,
the Vare fleer leader.
The trouble is that tee manv i,.embers of
Council are engaged in political work te the
detriment of their duty as members of tlr
citv's legislative body. The abolition of the
old system of two bodies of Cejm lis and the
.substitution of n single organization weie
designed te obviate this trouble, but it has
net wholly succeeded. In one way it hns
worked in the oppeFite direction, because
with the single nnd mnallir body the number
of vees necessary te control ( euncil is new
fewer than it was. un(j hence easier for cer
tain interests te obtain. Alse, u ver.v small
number of Ceuncllmen who prove recreant
te their trust and te the pledges upon which
they were elected can charge the complexion
of the entire body.
Of course, the remedy for a" t.iis lies in
the hands of the people ; tiie d'fiiculty is that
I they will net ." that power and diet te
Council n.en who will work for the inter
ests of the cty and nor for t.iese which have
thc.r stronghold in rue Limehi l'.uiiding.
The membership of Council represents the
wishes of these ci-izens who never miss
voting en elect. en da.v . fen if it does net
always represent the wishes of a majority of
the citizens.
THE "M. H." PREROGATIVE
AGHACI-l'l'L recognition of sentimental
values, se often .ivrrloel.ed in this lie
public, is embedi. d in the bill introduced In
Congress by llcpreentative llnrruvv, of this
(Uy, authorizing winners of the M, dnl of
Hener te afi'ii the inlt.ni.s "M. 11 " te their
mum s.
Ilntain has lung since adopted an unule-
. 1 .. I.V, r. ... .1.. 1'... .
gene (irui imivii i; iiuu i iiii.vi uj in, victeria
truss. J i,e act. is nei necessaruj a proof
of th" excellence of the innovation, but it is
weitli noting for Its effect en character.
The average American is a reluctant
medal-wearer and spec.nl distinctions of title
have liten viewed with disfavor from tne
Constltu'ien down. lint the "M. n.
"handle" may easilj bei emn a spur te legiti
mate pride and the maintenance of tine ideals
of conduct in pet as wi II as in war.
Mr. iJarrew 's bid deterves te pass. It
marks an invasion of the field of generous
amenities which the Trench in particular
have long tilled, with results that have con
tributed variety, charm and sympathy te
workaday existence.
PENROSE'S SOUND SENSE
MUUK sound legislative sense was com
pressed Inte a few words by Senater
Penrose when he explained the llevcniie
Revision UU1 than has been uttered by any
one else who has discussed the measure.
He said thnt It was a temporary measure,
and centinued:
Hut nothing hotter than a tunperary
malteshlft will be possible until Uie pceplu
of this country Btve te the question of
lTedcraU.Uixatlen an amount and Hind of
study which It has net yet received: until
In particular the people bocenio con
vinced of the sincerity and truth of the
contention that the proposal te rcduce
e'vceeslve tax rates is net designed te re
lieve the rich nnd the profiteer, but te
avert the breakdown of the Income tns,
unshackle buslncs3 and increase the tax
reveiVJc.
Nine-tenths of the tax debate In Congress
is deveteil te u discussion of ways and mciiiis
te tax the rich in order te relieve the peer.
The Congressmen seeking te curry favor with
the unthinking voters lnslRt that the man
with a large income must be forced' te -give
up the greater part of it te the Government,
and that the large corporation must divide
Its profits with the people through n heavy
tnx levy en them. And ether Congressmen
who nre nwnre of the economic unsoundness
of this sort of taxation are tee often afraid
te rnlse their voices in pretest.
Secretary Hnys. however, had the courage
te sjiy someseund things about taxation the
ether day when he said that the Government
should de all within its power te encourage
thrift by lightening the taxes en these who
save and by Increasing them en these who
spend. He was speaking in defense of the
sales ta. it is true, a tax which the dema
gogues oppose because it does net mulct the
rich te the extent which they think the
voters desire. P.ut under the tales-tax plan
a man who spends $100,000 a year will pay
one hundred times ns much in taxes as the
man who spends $1000, And the man with
SL'eOO income who lays up $."00 a year will
pay u smaller tax than the man with ?2r00
income who spends $.1000.
Hut until the people of the country give
te the subject of taxation that serious study
which Senater Penrose says they new neglect
It will be difficult te get any economically
defensible tnx hill through Congress.
The point of Mr.
Itrinnil Playing P.rinnd's speech is just
Politics beginning te be. per-
I . fcivcd. it was that the
i I re. no Army was new one-third smaller
man oeiere tne war and tliet seen it would
be enlv hnlf the pre-war size. This is land
disarmament with a vengeance. The rest of
his speech was doubtless for political effect
In Prance in order that he might disarm the
German haters who nr.e insisting en being
prepared te resist a feared German invnslen.
The French Premier is as canny us Lloyd
Geerge when it comes te plajlnz politics.
j SHORT CUTS
"Pang n bomb a day." continues te be
the word of command In Pelfnst.
The German who makes his marl: is at
least free from the trials of conspicuous
plutocracy.
It is in the elimination of the spears of
influence that China is se rightly and actively
concerned.
The country's quota of unterrilicd iJemo iJeme
crats can at least be thunkful that this year
Is net Inst year.
"Most of the se -cglled 'nuisance' taxes
will go by the benrd." proclaims n Wash
ington dispatch. What i.'ya mean, nuisance?
The Pilgrim Fathers did net knew what
Thanksgiving Hay was. They had no foot
ball game te go te.
In staging the 'Tellies of Pennsyl
vania" It is only natural, and in accord with
foetllght fashion, that a bare treasury should
be n spectacular feature.
The nuthership of the pending Federal
Tax Hill is uhetit ns confused nnd varied as
that of a musical comedy. The general
result is also very much the same.
The Hrltish in India are reported te have
slain -.'l.'l Meplahs. The situation might be
vievv.il with alarm if one .knew whether the
victims were fish, fowl or tropical bacilli.
The Natien will begin te appreciate sue
cess of the Conference when the news of the
first girl baby named Agenda flashes ever the
wires.
The Washington Conference is at least
teaching the country the correct answer te
the age-old query: Am I my brother's
keeper?
Satah Ilernlinnlt, who Is seeking te get
a twenty-five-vcar extension of the lease of
her Paris theatre, evidently thinks that her
art is immortal.
President Harding has signed (he Anti
Heer Hill, thus dashing te the ground the
fend hopes of thousands of wuuM-be in
valids who were prepuring te take their
medicine.
' I wish," cried II. G. Wells, writing
from Washington, "I could attend te every
thing." The Conference lacks neveltv, as
any reader of "The Outline of History" can
testify . .
After a brief skirmish, the Ferd-New -berry
lerces in the Smnte have declared an
armistice until late In December. They
have lefused te consider disarmament en
any pretext.
A laige natural gas field han been dis
covered in Northern Louisiana. In order
net te lacerate his feelings, they are trying
te conceal the fact of this new rival from
Suinter Tem Watsen.
Judge Gnrman, of the Luzerne County
ceuits, bus decreed that there shall be no
meie gum-che'wing in court. New, if the
Honorable Court will only btep the rag
chewing of the law. vert
The Kieti.x Indians have adopted Gen
eral Pershing and conferred the name of
Hrave Kngle upon him. This is an improve,
meiit upon his popular nickname. "Hluck
Jack" did always sound a bit suggestive.
A young woman member of a church
choir in Connecticut has been dropped from
memltershlp because, her participation in the
love scene of nn umuteur piny was tee real
istic. And yet there arc people who say that
nothing in life can be tee well done.
l'hlladelphians who have te drive up
Walnut street in the lute nftcrnoen arc likely
seen te begin negotiations for trading their
machine for the tljlng iiutoniebllc that a
Frenchman has invented. Nothing elbe will
serve in a trade jam.
Sonic day a statistician will gather data
from which It can be learned whether young
physicians nre mere susceptible than patients
te the churmsv of nurses. The putlent ia
always gruteful te the young woman who has
bent ever his bed and smoothed his pillow
and given him his medicine. And he fre
quently asks her te marry him. Perhaps
the tdiysldans are attracted by the spectacle
of the nurse's solicitude for the patient, and
are moved by u desire te have it exercised
upon them.
THE UNATTAIMSD !"
'"pHK high stars pointing overhead
X. Send down te enrth their gleaming ray ;
Once en a timu they challenged me
Hccause they nre be far away.
Hut little did I knew the path,
The distant heights I may net climb,
Fer I lmve fulled the goals I set
And lest my tcern of space and time.
Still shine the stars, the unattalned,
Itemute from ull the troubled day.
And new they strnngcly comfort nw
Hecnuse they ere se far away.
-McLandburgh "Wilsen, in the New Yerlr
Herald..
THANKSGIVING DAY
Hew a Great National Holiday Qrew
Frem the Act of a Massachusetts
Governer In the Infancy of
the United States
tirilEX, after the ingathering of the first
' harvest in n new world, Governer
Itrndferd sent four men out te sheet wild
fowl In order that the Infant colony "might
uftcr a mere special innnner rejoice to
gether," neither lie nor any member of thnt
colony had any idea te what thnt pious
act would grew, or that he was then making
the first of one of the Important nntienal
holidays of the great country that was te be.
An account of the first Thanksgiving Day
written by Kdvvnrd Winslow, whose nnmc
stands third as one of the original signers
of the compact mnde in the cabin of the
Mayflower, nnd who was three times Gov Gov
ereor, reads as fellows after a description
of the success of the harvest:
"Our harvest being gotten in. our Gov Gov
ereor sent four men en fowling, be that
we might, after a special manner, rejoice
together after we had gathered the fruit of
our labors.
'7T1IIU four in one day killed as many
fowl as, wiih h little help besides,
served the company for almost a week, nt
which time, amongst ether recreations we
exercised our arms, many of the Indians
coming nmengst us, and among the rest,
their greatest king, Mnssaselt, with some
ninety-men, whom for three days, we en
tertained and feasted; nnd they went out
and killed five deer, which they brought te
the plantation nnd bestowed en our Gov Gov
ereor nnd en the Captain nnd the ethers.
"And although it is net nlvvays as plenti
ful ns it Is nt this time with us, yet. by
the goodness of (Sed, we nre se far from
want, that we wish you partakers of our
plenty."
The Puritans had nn nbherrence of cer
tain of the holidays which their descendants
later accepted. Among these wns Christ
mas. They therefore welcomed some par
ticular day in the year which the people
might keen us u holiday and manifest
their thankfulness te the Creuter for the
mercies and favors of their lives.
THANKSGIVING is itlll the great holi
day of the year for New England. It
became by degrees an established Institution
of the State of Massachusetts, the precise
day being fixed nnd its faithful observance
enforced by special legislation. The time,
however, was net uniform in nil the New
England States; in two of thorn the day
was set for the Thursday preceding the
last Thursday of the month of November,
nnd in the ethers, among them Massachu
setts nnd Connecticut. It was set for the
last Thursday, the day which almost li"0
years later was adopted by the entire Union.
As originally established Thanksgiving
was distinctively n day of religious observ
ance. Hut this was seen changed, nnd the
occasion, even in enrly times, was con
sidered nn appropriate one for family
reunions a custom which was speedily
adopted by ether States and which still
prevails te a very considerable extent nil
ever the country.
The first national Thanksgiving dates back
te the third year of the Revolution, although
this was n special occasion for the giving
of thanks "for the signal success lately
obtained ever the enemies of these 1'nitcd
States," nnd there was no thought then of
u yearly holiday en thnt date. It was
observed December IS, 177". A second day
of like character was observed December M0
of the following year.
SPKCIAL days of Thanksgiving were also
observed en December 7, 1780, "for the
failure of the treason of Hcnedict Arneld,"
nnd en December HO, 1781, for llic capture
of Lord C'eniwullls nnd his army. These
were all special occasions, as were some
ether Thanksgivings fixed by Congress, but
they doubtless had much te de with the
formation of popular sentiment, which, in
years te come, was te crystallize ami te
declare ns a national holiday the original
day of the Massachusetts und Connecticut
colonies.
The first Thanksgiving Day te be fixed
by presidential proclamation was February
11, 17!).". und the proclamation was signed
by Geerge Washington. The document de
clares it te be i "day of public thanks
giving and prayer nnd te render
sincere and hearty thanks te the ruler of
nations for the manifold and signal mercies
which distinguish our let ns a nation."
Hut there was still no thought of nn
annual national helldny, and in 181," Presi
dent Madisen set nside the 18th of April
ns a day of thanksgiving "mere especially
for the restoration of pence," the second
war with Great Hritain having just closed.
Dl'llING the Civil War there were several
special Thanksgiving Days of varying
dates as te month and day, but in 1804
Presldiiit Lincoln began the custom, or
rather reverted te it. of fixing the date
near the end of November, and this has been
followed ever since. It is significant of
Thanksgiving Day that Washington issued
tthe first national proclamation uud that
Lincoln set the example for an annual
national day for the purpose of giving
thanks for the blessings of which our Natien
has ever been u recipient. Every President
lias since followed this precedent.
The Seuth never eelcbrntcd Thanksgiving
Day until u curious controversy arose in
Virginia in IS.".". Governer Jehns In a
letter te the Legislature urged that the
day be adopted, but the Legislature did net
leek with favor upon the preposition, and
the Governer accordingly did net issue the
proclamation.
PUHLTC inteust in the matter had been
nreined by this time throughout net
only the State of Virginia, but most of the
ether Southern States, A spirited debate
was c.irrlid en, largely in the newspapers,
us te the merits of the helhluy. The af
firmative side seemed te have the better of
the argument, and in 18ri7 Governer Wise,
of Virginia, issued a Thanksgiving Day
proclamation for which lie was fiercely de
nounced by manv of the influential Southern
newspapers, which declared Thanksgiving te
be "a relic of Purltunlc bigotry."
Nevertheless, the people of the State sup
ported his action nnd in the following yenr
Thanksgiving proclamations were issued by
the Governors of eight of the Southern
Stntes, nnd the custom gradually spread te
the ethers.
A Philadelphia woman, Mrs, Sarah-'
Josepha llnle, piayeu an iinperlnnt part In
obtaining national sanction for the helldav.
As editor of Godey's Lady's Heek she
weged a vigorous campaign for the estab
lishment of u fixed dnte for Thunksglvliig
Day. She wrote constantly te the Governors
of the various States, beginning her wnik
nbeut 1M1. Hy IMill twenty-five of the
States had set apart the last Thursday of
November as the holiday. Mrs. Hale, hew -ever,
did net live te see the general ac
ceptance of the idea for which she fought
be long.
Today's Anniversaries
17i: Laurence Sterne, whose failure as
a preacher led te his becoming famous us
an author, born in Ireland. Died in Lon Len Lon
eon. March Ih, 17tlS.
1800 William Henry Harrison was suc
ceeded as delegate lu Congress from the
Northwest Territory by William McMillan
1877 Statue of ltebert Hruce unveiled nt
Stirling, Scotland.
1885 Complete prohibition was adopted
in Atlanta.
1801 F.nrl of Lytten, statesman, dlplo dlple
mntist und poet, died in Paris, Hern in
Londen, November 8". 18.11.
1010 Twenty -five thousand Jew's marched
in New Yerk City in u Ukruine pogrom
pretest.
1020 Heuse of Commens upheld the Gov
ernment's Iribh policy.'
It is said that Ilosten, in despair ever
the high price of turkey, turned te perk nn a
substitute for Its Thanksgiving dinner. The
cultured city is Inte In learning n lessen
which the politicians und the war profiteers
could iiave taught it years uge
AS
L
4s V' - '
jtiFfffe "SlSs
v-.. . . .-
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V
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily 'Talks. With Thinking Philadclphians en Subjects They
Kneiv Best
MISS S. LILLIAN CLAYTON
On the Need for Nurse6
NFA'EIl have there been te many trained
nurses in the country, and yet never
lias there been such a need for mere nurses.
There is hardly n hospital whose nursing
staff Is net depleted. This situntlen, brought
about lurgely because of the many avenues
te specialization thut have been opened
since the war te the nursing profession, is
explained today by Miss S. Lillian Clayten,
superintendent of nurses at the Philadel
phia General Hospital.
"It is misleading," says Miss Clayten,
"te speak of u shortage of nurses, for there
is no shortage In the sense that there arc
net se many as before. There nre mere
than ever. In 1010 there were 0537 trained
nurses graduated from hospitals and in
stitutions throughout this country, in 11118
there were 10,8.10, in 1010 there were 10.
8.111 nnd last year there were 11,07". Se
that it cannot be that nursing is net getting
ns large a share of the educated young
women who are cheesing careers.
"It is rather that the tremendous
spread of public health movements, in
dustrial health movements, child hygiene
movements nnd the new operations, many
of which require great numbers of techni
cians, has made it demand for nurses that
our training schools are net jet able te
meet.
Profession Still Appeals
"I have no four that nursing as a profes
sion will ever lese Its appeal te young
women. The average girl of sober instincts
UMiully fixes her desires in one of two direc direc
teons: she wants her own house or she wants
a life of general service. The profession
of nursing offers te the normal woman nn
answer te her every emotional problem. It
satisfies in a practical way the desire te
give affection and ministration; it develops
the problems of child culture and of house
keeping, the solution of which is the
peculiarly creative side of woman's life.
"The difficulty, then, is net te get young
women or even the right young women te
become nurses, but te get schools that urc
equipped te supply the world with graduate
niirtcs who can meet the requirements that
are new made of the profession. Nursing
is no longer nn apprenticeship in the art
of mnking beds, recording temperatures,
administering medicines nnd keeping chnrts,
and the modern nurse must be mere than
merely u competent, seuievvhnt colorless
person who can remember ami carry out
a doctor's orders. The modern nurse should
knew net only hew and when te de things,
but why there is need te du Ihem.
"There Is coming a thorough reorganiza
tion and standardization of our system of
educating nurses. The degree of u nurse
is te be made n less ambiguous thing than
at present, for it new means only that she
had undergone a course of training ut some
accredited hospital and Iiiih satisfied the
minimum requirements et nn examining
beard.
"These Islands exist in most States and
represent the only successful uttempts nt
legalized standardization. The time is
coming, I hope, where there will be uniform
requirements for the nursing profession
throughout the country when te be n regis
tered nurse will mean that one has had the
benefit of training, equal te that which is
new given in a hospital school that has the
most advanced systems of training und the
broadest curricula.
"This means thut the uverage modern
hespUnl can no longer deem itself sufficient
te the training of its undergraduate nurses.
The hospital must send its nurses te another
hospital for whatever training It cunnet
give them itself.-. This system, which is
called 'nfliHatlen,' is new being te some ex
tent udeptcd.
Given General Training
"Here ut the Philadelphia General Hos
pital, for exniuple, we take nurses from the
Children's Hospital and from ether of the
smaller special hospitals for the training
in general hospital work. Few hospitals
have the funds te support an adequate staff
of lecturers und instructors for their train
ing schools, und this is one of the reasons
why tiie profession se strongly urges per
manently endowed hospitals or else larger
State appropriations te hespttuls.
"The lack of training in the care of
psychopathic puticnts Is an example of
what I mean. Only a few of the larger
general hospitals in the country have
psychopathic clinics, und most of the hos hes
. pltalu for the insane are net prepared te
take and train nurses outside of their own
organizations. There Is hardly any need te
point, out why a nurse should need an un
derstanding of the problems of treating the
mentally ill ; but' unless eh 3 ha: been lucky
IT WAS IN THE BEGINNING
'- - s: Jm
-r S?'
-ty"
Vs,.
enough te have been graduated from one
of the few schools that include this course
or hns given herself a pest-graduate course,
she is net likely te have such an under
standing. The fault is net the nursc'b, but
the shameful disregard for mental pa
tients that has continued up until very re
cent years.
Defectives Need Special Care
"I feel strongly en this. The cure of
mentally sick patients has been left lurgely
te untrained and often Ignorant attendants,
who were paid wages that were hardly calcu
lated te attract Intelligent men und women,
le a much tee large extent this condition still
prevails. The nurse in charge of so-cnlled
Insane patients should be a person of broader
education and understanding even than the
nurse who "cares for the phvslcallv sick
since the problem and its possibilities are
infinitely greater.
"There may in the future be two grades
of trained nurses: the nurse who wishes te
devote herself entirely te bedside nursing und
the nurs who wishes te enter the broader
fields. The latter, of course, will need a
larger training, and I hope her training
will be a university course, nt the end of
which she will take her degree in science
when she takes hci degree in nursing. I
might say that there m'ght be a class of
qtiulllie.1 nnd registered nc'rndantH for the
enre et convalescent and 'nrenic patients
who would relieve nurses who might be
better employed lu caring for the dangerously
sick.
"I knew Dr. Mnyo and Dr. Deavcr and I
de net take what they huve said about nurses
very seriously. We are net trying te make
an 'aristocracy' of the nursing profession."
What De Yeu Kneiv?
QUIZ '
What is- the largest city in Ulster"
he was the first Secretary of War In
the Cabinet of Woodrew Wilsen?
v hat famous poem begins "I slut: of
arms and the man"?
Who w.ih rhrlstlne NUssen?
vj hat Is the Angle-Israelite theory ?
vvl.e w.is Ar.ne of eleven?
When did Sir Christopher Wren llve
iiul for the iluslgn of what bulldlng
Is he espi daily noted?
wh!!.7a7'i A!lns '" 1',s'"- mythology?
v hat Is the bassvvoed tree"
What Is meant by the binary system in
ustroiiemy?
Answers te Yesterday's Quiz
T1",'reS!'?'",,'r'l,H n,v --"Pcesei! te have In In
tre.luccd the potato In the sixteenth
century Inte Kurope. from AmerTcn
lllerenynius rardau, n tnenh, s h ,
S?,'1 , ,hltve "-'e" th llr te mtre.
uuc It from IViu Inte Spain, from
which country It passed 1, t0 fu v
i.rul thence Inte Uelglum. The J,t',tu
is mentioned In the "1 Tenle, 1, "pcV,!5 "pcV,!5
ef IVdre Clcca, Seville u-i ,,.,1,,
J.' r' r , N.tutn"nU
,&?? w," ',sr ali"? c'lmed. however,
that Jehn Hawkins Intieducwl Hi.,
j otnte3 Inte Kngland from sinta Pu
The -cenes of "The Three Musketeers"
.ire laid In France during the rent,-, ,?
Unit. XIII, when nichellffu vvas a re S
.eer as C'anllmil-Mlnlsti.r K l
A Ntalucttte Is 11 depjslt of carbonate of
line, usually In the form of n, 0,.f
"'nTfeny'VMn T '
with the stalactite. " U1,"ll'g
Stadia H the Plural of the word stadium
'J he name bonny-caliber Is der h-h V-lm'
the Irish "balnne." mlllt ,n,i T0,1"
La." thick or thlcltu.ed ' ' l!llul)-
Quebcc was unsuccessfully iitiu.-i,. i .
nn American revelut l0, a,y ir I 7, J"'
Montgomery In KJ6 J Ulu1' r
Th;- rtivc-r Rubicon Is famous In 1,1..
because the crossing "f ,, 1?.. h ?,r
Caesar Wd te the civil war resMtVi"
In the overthrew of v,m MSTy "S" s
bupremu authority of Ciiela.- ti,i ,l.,t
out th .nti ' i7... ':l'.'-al threuc.
10,
undent ueeirl. hv ','..". ...we'hl. In
Investigations show ti. .. .70aL "nt
has entirely quitted Its ancient am,"
ciM&K u""er lWt "&
Fltzhugh U-e, nephew of Rebert 1- r
was n prominent CenftdV-n It.. "
in the Civil War. lie v, 's ,vff,,c
General at Havana at the time ef'Tn'1
blowing up of the Imttlesl ,. (r .he
and after the Spanls War -, Jr"m,"
Military Governer of ! HiATiua " ,na,,
rremethcan lire typllles t le I V. 1
clplc. In Greek 1111 tholeiv 1. ". "r.',"'
Ilre with which S ',!'" "")
Ills clay Images. neUa ,'u'-,lfciied
, A "non nequltur" Is n cencin.in . . .
tegM. fellow &tSUSS
10,
life VSw V .. f&MJ V-"VJ
m fry r- j&&wij&CZ v
srn- -my' ct cw rk.ii r -xv
small river near' 1 mini Ti"B", il
ium Jn the latter Reman L rif,in,ln."
i
-sRte. 6 v
UtM '"-. fiFr-A W
Mfv mv r?&i
tsiaE?t.As. ",. --.
. .- ,rr. -CT-i.jlii,.,. 3r::.Slt4;V5Sk
- "llii. . .5fcXV llli "3. r.i..Ar.xDf
HUMANISMS
Wy WILLIAM ATHERTON 1)U PUV.
OUT in Detroit, net long age, I asked
Henry Ferd, the automobile manufac
turer, for nn interview. He snid that be
would be glad te see mc the next nieniin;.
"What time?" I asked.
"Make it S o'clock," he said.
All of which made it necessary for me te
arise at the phenomenal hour of 0 o'clock In f
the morning nt Detroit ten miles away,
watch the sun rite ever the city which calls
itself dynamic, and hurry out te the plant
at Dearborn, where the meeting wns te take
place,
I arrived n little before 8 and the manu
facturer came In en the dot. He hid, how
ever, been down te bis railroad shops, where
he is working upon new designs for relllns
stock, and had been mulling ever some of ,
these for two hours, I found that no sur
prise was occasioned about the Ferd plants
at any time of dny or night if the big bem
should suddenly appear.
Jimmic Slean, for many yens Secret
Service man at the White Heuse, old-time
fiirnd of Theodere Roosevelt, new sils down
nt the Shipping IJenrd in the outer office of
Chairman Lnskcr. He is in charge of per
sonnel, which means that he is the man te
whom a discharged empleye tells his hard
luck story. It is a sad task new, made up
much meie of firing than hiring.
II. T. O'Connor, of St. Paul, sometimes
affectionately culled "the Cardinal" by
his friends, is the acknowledged Democratic
lender from the city of James J. Hill.
Net long age he went ever te .Minneapolis,
the ether twin of the Minnesota mctropeli.
He went te see Edward E. Smith, a geed
friend despite tins fact that he is the llcpub
lienn leader of Minneapolis.
Smith was having a let of trouble witli
some of his teeth. They hed been nchlnj
him something awful nnd he had finally
reached the point where he had resigned
himself te parting with them. He was get
ting ready te have (hem pulled out.
O'Connor commiserated with him. They
discussed the matter in detail, particulark
the pain-prevention agency Smith should
lesert te while ihe teeth were being takea
out.
"Don't-tal-.e gas," O'Connor ured feel
ingly. "Whatever comes, de net take gas.
Yeu might tulk."
Dr. William A. AVIiite, superintend
ent of the Government's great Hospital
for the Insane und Its lending psychologist,
told mc Why it wns that women used tin
pronoun "I" liiere than de men.
lie said that it was because woman is an
exhibitionist.
I didn't knew- what he meant by this and
se he explained that she get ahead In the
world by showing herself off. She was her
own stock lu trade and she talked about lier
self just as n farmer does about his Here
ford cattle, or u merchant does of the qual
ity of his goods. Tills kept her werkinj
overtime en the first person singular.
Leve Nature? interrogates Dr. Edward
E. Slessen, of the Nutlenal Ilescartn
Council.
Never: he flings back te his own interro
gation. Nature Is the constant and iinremlttlns
enemv of man. Never for it moment miiy
he relax his tight against her. If he does
she will overrun his fields with weeds, and
he will be without feed. Unless he figliM
her nvvnv from his house by coats of arti
ficial paints she will lead it te decay nnd '
her rains will come In and make him ml"
enible. She may attack him with pestilence
at any moment if he does net light her wit"
sanitation, or overcome him with llnud "'
volcano. She pushes him back always into
the clines of the jungle from which lij" 1'"'
emerged only by mastering her. She H
treacherous nnd unsleeping. She lies In wait.
Eventually she will probably overcome nun
and the world will move backward toward
the mollusk. Leve her? A corpulent el el
pertunity. F.veiv time 1 fee F. G. Mat-en. I'.-piO"
Commissioner of Internal Revenue, he se m
me a new yarn of the ingenuities te v."'1"
the wniy resort that they mav nemine liai
sons between the thirsty ami hidden wmk
barrels. Here is his latest :
In New Yerk n mnii fitted himself up n
entire wholesale druqgist's establishna''";
fixtures, stock, everything, lie nppllrd jr
u license as a wholesale druggist, te ill"
l.ense liquor, passed JnspiTtleit. and get '
lie then had no furl her use for his ";"
nnd stock, se he conceived (he ilea of n'nli"
tlirni out.. .
Anybody who wanted n wheles-ilc ''"
gist's iiennit had but te hire this eutllt, "
ready te he insinllcd. epn shop, paw 1"
npectlen. und send it buck te Its owner.
It hud served tills nurpei-e half n "W",
times befere the authorities detected w
chtmc and spoiled it for further use.
rv