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'J , CVHUa H. K. UUKT1H, PsmlDt.NT
J John C, Martin, Vice President .and Treasurer!
V writs A. Tyler, Secretary! Char'es II. Ludlng-
V .Philip S. Collins. John 11. Williams. John J.
.. Canton. Oeorsa F. Qoldamltti, David K. Smiley,
IBreetori.
'ff. ytP K. BMHXT Editor
'jMtN O. MAUTIN....Ueneral Uuslness Hanater
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aW.l I-nRia AtS nfobf-nprnmrnt TlulKllncr
CMOAOO 1302 Tribune Building
f. Tt' XRWS UUIlHAUSj
. . WAiniKOTON nciuc.
T M. p. rA InmlvnU Ac n. 1l)h
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' London Uiiiiiic Trafalgar UulUlng
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flonos--BUDScnDerB wisninff aaarcss cnangea
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PaUidelpUli, Ftld.y, Stptrmbtr 2, 1921
THE POWER-PLANT ARGUMENT
ITUIB Mayor's slcimtnru upon the ordi
JL nance authorizing the acquisition by
the city o( power-bouses for the Frankfort!
elevated located at Cumberland street and
Kensington avenue and Arrott and (Jrlscom
streets furnishes the municipality with an
excellent bargaining asset In trunslt affairs.
The intimation, however, that this is n
etgp toward the operation of the Frnnlcford
sli by the city should be received with cau
tion. The suggestion of a connection with
the proposed Woodland avenue high-power
line, may be alluring, but fancy plays a
potent role In the picture. It is dishenrten
lng to consider the operation of the existing
lint to Frankford as dependent upon an
enterprise that may not even be began for
yers.
The public Is not now and has never been
the least Interested in. the ethics of the
dispute between the city and tho P. R. T.
The average citizen is averse to high fares
and is heartily In favor of the operation
as soon as possible of the virtually com
pleted elevated line to the northeast. That
Is about the extent of his opinions upon the
whole vexations subject,
" K 'he possession by the municipality of
the two new power plants expedites the
'opening of the rond, his rctropcctive ap
proval of the ordluancc is assured. It is
' the deadlock over a lease concerning an
exlBtlng but lifeless public improvement that
makes the whole community look foolish.
Perhaps the power-house argument may
irlve a new and earnestly desired frultful
ness to the negotiations between the city
and the transit company, without putting the
former In too unfavorable a poMtion. The
Orolx de Guerre with palms is hardly enough
for such nn Instrument of progress.
A PRIZE-FIGHT REPORT
, rpHE degree to which the spirit of pro
JL fesslonal sport has been degraded by
the cold-blooded exploitation of dollar
hunters was amazingly apparent at Shlbe
Park the other evening, when near-fighters
walked around each other In a ring nnd
dabbed spiritlessly at one another In the
presence of a gloomy and suspicious audi
ence. The two most widely advertised
'boxfts refused to fight. There wasn't money
enough available for them. They put on
their checked suits and departed. The pro
moters promised to return the money
paid for admission by the disappointed spec
tators. Hut who can return a wasted
evening?
The sports reporters wrote disgustedly
of the affair at Shibe. But few trained
writers could soy as much in n column ns
our own office boy said in a breath. He
had been n spectator of the odd exhibition.
"I'm through !" said he. "I'll never go
again. I can see better fighting any night
on our street!"
HOW IT BEGAN
WHAT is the row in Went Virginia about?
For what purpose did the soft-coal
miners mobilize and march and what prin
ciple Is being guarded behind the breast
yworks thrown up against them? It Isn't
easy to find an answer to such queries as
these In the news telegraphed from the seat
of the disturbance, confused as it is bv the
larger details of the Immediate trouble.
The Guyan Valley, for which the armed
miners headed, Is one of the richest bi
tuminous arcaH in the world. It is pretty
generally admitted the word of the operators
has been the ultimate law In that general
region. The United Mine Workers' repre
sentatives tried repeatedly to unionize the
Guyan sdfKcoal mines. Each time they
entered the valley they wero driven out.
They continued to return. Don Clmfin, the
Sheriff who has been ncting as the leader
of the opposition forces in the prexent
crisis, ahrajH met them with a force of
Deputy Sheriffs. Later, as the trouble
grew It began in June, lOl'O Chafin was
re-enforced by a small nrmv of private de
tectives brought from Now York.
When the Mingo strike was at its height
the miners themselves, or their leaders, de
cided thnt they could get nowhere until the
Ouyan Volley miners were organized. The
organizers tried again, but they were hus
tled out of the mining villages bv the mine
guards and some of them were badly man
handled. When news of this final failure
reached other union miners the mob began
to form for a march which was intended
originally to force a way into the (Juyan
Valley for the union's representatives.
Whether or not the union leuders bad any
thing to do with the movement i. not elenr
The conflict of purposes hos been made
more dangerous nnd more Intense by the
memory of wholesale evictions of miners and
their families from roal company houses, the
only places of residence in ninny of the
mining communities, and it has been com
plicated by the continuous shootiugs and
killings thut have resulted from the moun
taineers' hatred of Imported strike-breakers,
Cliafln has been criticized bitterly for giving
Che strike-breakers the rights mid privileges
eft Deputy Sheriffs.
NEW YORK BONUSES UPSET
nnHK decision of the highest court In New
iY w. ivru iiiai'imiK me resuilN 01 (lie rail-
Jj'dier-bonus referendum deals with the method
auopieu ior raising me money anil not with
the right of the State to pay a bonus.
The question of Issuing $45,000,000 in
bonds to raise money for the bonus was
submitted to the voters and npproved by
thtm by a majority of 700.000. The Court
f Appeals rules that as the Constitution
forbids the use of the credit of the State
Mr fpr the payment of obligations of the
rotate, and that ns the payment of a bonus
is Federal and not a State obligation, no
bends may bo Issued for this purpose. The
rt, admits that the Legislature has the
to go io inc reiiei oi inc wounded,
kin
that thft. bonus legislation took
TT"KSB: ..,.- , . ... f
$t ciasfl or soldiers. '
Wfff, the bonus are now plari-
M'.Mnettdwent.i to the Cod
'rt'net jtbebfcjMt.oaiMi.Urue, 'that Mas and iirejudlce in this world.
the Court This is what was done In this
State, where there are constitutional re
strictions upon Incurring a debt. The
amendment will have to be adopted by the
next Legislature before It can bo submitted
to the people. If the same plan had been
adopted In New York. last winter the dato
of tho payment of the bonuses would have
been a year nearer.
FOUNDATIONS OF PEACE
DO NOT REST ON DICTATION
Senator Lenroot and Those Who Think
With Him Misapprehend the Essen'
tlala of tho Problem
IF THE Disarmament Conference Is to
accomplish nnything it must be ap
proached in a very different mood from
that manifested by Senator Lenroot In his
address at the Michigan Stato Fair.
He said that Great Britain especjally
"must be given to understand that results
must follow the conferenco," and If she Is
indisposed to make such agreements as seem
good to us he would insist on the imme
diate payment of the $5,000,000,000 which
she owes us. That Is, he would put n pistol
to her head with a threat to pull the trigger
unless she did as she was told.
Tho Senator ought to know, in the first
place, that this is the surest way to prevent
any permanent worknble ngrecment. If
there is to be any permnnent reduction In
armaments It must come about by a volun
tary understanding among those nations
which have advanced to an appreciation of
the fact that there ie better way to settle
international disputes, nnd that Is through
the substitution for force of the application
oven in part of the principles of justice.
It might as well be admitted In tho be
ginning that the primary motive behind tho
Disarmament Conference Is not n desire for
International justice. Nations with selfish
Interests are Just as firmly committed to
those Interests as they ever were. If it wero
within their power to get their will by the
use of force they would still insist on the
maintenance of powerful nrmics and navies.
But competitive armament has gone so far
that no nation today can afford to main
tain a warlike establishment strong enough
to overcome all possible opposition. If the
nations aro to be saved from bankruptcy
there must be a truce until the financial
burdens piled up by the great war have been
adjusted to tbe shoulders of the people.
Cnless something Ilka this Is done no Gov
ernment can stand in Europe. It will be
turned out and new leaders substituted for
those now In power. The European states
men know this, nnd It Is why they are
willing to come to Washington to sec If nn
agreement can bo reached which will justify
them in reducing their military organiza
tions. Herein lies the JustlfiVntlon for the hope
that the conference will accomplish some
thing. The interests of the political leaders
are at stake. If Great Britain were in n
position to maintain a navy big enough to
defeat the biggest combination of navies
that might be arrayed against her, Lloyd
George would have no use for the Wash
ington Conferenco. He would be the loudest
insister on tho maintenance of a splendid
isolation which left his country free to be
Judge and jury in every dispute in which
she was involved. And if France could
maintain an army big enough to overrun
Germany, Brland would be the last to con
sent to any understanding by which her
military forces were to be reduced. Japan
1b coming, not because she wishes to, but
because she cannot afford to stay away.
What has happened is that one set of
nationnl interests has risen to take the
place for the moment of another set. The
financial resources of the nations have been
strained by war ond by preparations for
war to such a point thnt it is of more im
mediate Importance to consider how to
economize nt home than to prcpnre for
aggression against other nations or for de
fense against aggression from those nations.
There is no altruism behind the move
ment; It arises out of hard, practical neces
sities. But the sltuntion lb nevertheless
encouraging, for it marks the first faint
glimmering of a realization that war does
not paxj that In the long run the price paid
for what war yields Is more than It is worth
not the price in lives and suffering, but
the price In dollars ond cents.
Wo all profess love for pence and justice,
as Norman Ange"ll has reminded us. We
have discovered through bitter experience
what war costs, and we shall be paying the
price for the next two or three generotions.
The hope for the future lies in the con
sideration given to the price we are willing
to pay for peace with the justice which war
cannot bring. Peace cannot be had for
nothing. It may be necessary to surrender
n certain degree of national .sovereignty to
get It.
The Tnited States has interests the jus
tice of which it is unwilling to submit to
nn impartial court. It has refused to as
sume any obligation to participate in pro
serving the peace In the rest of the world.
It prefers the same kind of isolation of
whicli the British used to boast, an isolation
buttressed by a power sufficiently strong
to enable it to maintain its claims against
the rest of the world. Yet the nations are
bound so closely together that we cannot he
indifferent to what happens in London and
Paris and Berlin and Moscow and Tokio.
Declsiops reached on the Continent of Eu
rope drew us into the World War nnd piled
up for us a debt of $25,000,000,000. The
big budgets which must be met in Wash
ington were voted originally In the Euro
pean capitals while we thought we were
separated from that part of the world by
three thousand miles of salt water.
Peace is no longer n parochial issue. It
can be maintained only by the completest
International understandings entered Into
with a determination to fulfill all the obli
gations involved. We cannot dictate dis
armament to the world as Senator Lenroot
would have us do. Indeed, we cannot dic
tate nn thing save war. Not only the
1'nited States, but the other Powers must
abandon a dictatorial mood if the founda
tions of pence are to be laid.
SHAW TO HIS FRIENDS
GKOHC.E BEUNAKD SHAW'S acute
faculty for irritating his friends is
tartly expressed in his unfavorable reply to
an invitation to address the Chicago Fed
eration of Labor on Its Labor Day picnic.
His presumptive hosts are arraigned as
biased and Ignorant nnd are urged to ac
quaint themselves with all sides of the prob
lems before attempting to solve them for
their own benefit.
This is a large order, especially since Mr.
Shaw advles that misunderstandings be.
tv,cen w'hat he calls "tho existing governing
classes" nnd labor nre only to be swept
away by lending attentive ears to the most
vehement spokesmen for tho most disparate
programs.
Kerensky, Lenlne, "a capable Czarist" ;
Itamxay MaeDonuld. Sir Donald D. Mac
lcun and Marshal Foeh are suggested as
suitable beacons of enlightenment of indus
trial conditions in Europe.
Of course. Mr. Shnw is aware that cham
pions of such til verse causes could newr be
Induced to speak from the same platform ;
and, of courKo, he knows thnt neither labor
nor capital, the governing classes, the
middle classes, the workers, the Idlers, the
scientists, the artists, nor that inchoate
croun hazily labeled the "general nubile"
are capable of calmly appraising all aides of
I . ' . .. A."i. . ..,---.-.......
I an Issue ana irom mac performance deducing
J a key to life. ' k
It may be distressing, but It Is certainly
EVENING PUBLIC LEDGEK
make for action. That Is one of tbi reasons
why Mr. Shaw, to accept his own estimate
of Ills own vision, la the most inveterate of
critics nnd one of the least conspicuous of
practical reformers.
Whatever ho has actually accomplished
In the propagation of Fabian .doctrines in a
narrow field of local politics at home, in
esthetic affairs and in tho drama has been
primarily due to a most resplendent and
exhilarating onc-sldedncss.
The war, tho contradictory phases of which
Shaw prpsumed to grasp, led to his enforced
refuge into n position of almost utter fu
tility. An Irishman eager to denounce
every British blunder regarding his home
land, his footlight discussion of the problem
of his compatriots proved nn eloquent de
fense of some of the blindest of English
virtues.
Labor may be advised not to resent his
recent charges. On the other bnnd, if
capital and militarism should think that they
have won a new champion, let them Invite
Mr. Shaw to spenk beforo the British Board
of Trade nnd see what happens.
Ho is unquestionably a past master at
seeing things ns they Ideally ought to be.
Vision of that sort Is enough to enrngo
virtually nil elements of the soclnl structure,
A NEW DEAL IN MEXICO?
"PjESPlTE President Obregon's message to
- the Mexican Congress there Is still ground
for the belief that all the differences which
have threatened to creutc dangerous strains
between the United States Government nnd
the Government of Mexico will vanish as a
result of the extraordinary series of con
ferences held during the week between rep
resentatives of tho big oil producers nnd the
Obregon Cabinet. It Is Impossible) to over
estimate the Importance nnd the slgnlficanco
of tho sharp turn of events which was at
once apparent nfter tho oil men packed their
bags nnd left New York to talk their case
out with tho Mexican authorities.
A chnnge of temper wns visible In the
Mexican Government ns soon as it learned
that the magnntcs from' the United States
were content to forget thnt they had might
on their side and to argue about principles.
The Supreme Court of Mexico departed
from its usual routine to greet the visitors
In Mexico City with a decision which vir
tually guarantees foreign investors from
harm through tho so-called confiscatory
clause In the new National Constitution.
And President Obregon has mado it clearly
apparent that he desires to bo guided by
the rule of action indicated by tbe high
court. Yet a few months ago there wbb
unloosed In Washington a great deal ot
propaganda devised to reconcile this coun
try to the idea of an invasion of Mexican
territory by American troops.
Oil men In the United States hnd a very
real grievance. Some of the radicals in the
Mexican Congress forced into the new Con
stitution a clause providing for a national
tax upon nil oil taken from Mexican wells
for export. The Congress itself believed
that through this method the country nnd
the people could obtain some direct benefit
from the vast resources of the land. The
trouble began when it wns proposed to so
Interpret this clause' as to make the tax
retroactive over a long period of years. It
was plain that the accumulated sum of
the retroactive tax would be as great in
some instances ns the nctual vnlue of ex
isting works owned by foreigners.
If the current news from Mexico is to be
tnken nt its face value, the oil men have
won the first great victory of open diplo
macy. They have won for themselves and
they have won for the country. For peace
and good government on the other side of
the Bio Grande should mean almost as
much to the people of the United States as
good government nt Washington. Mexico
should be one of our greatest markets. It
should be friend and an ally, rather than
n restless nnd suspicious enemv of the
United States. As social development in
creases in Mexico, as education Is extended
nnd ns industry is put upon a sound basis,
the strength of the country will increase and
its requirements will multiply. These things
arc worth remembering, since nowadays it
is the habit of most people to?lew inter
national relationships in a practical way.
The moral factors Involved ought not to
be disregarded. As years pass Mexico and
the Mexicans will recover from the slough
In which a succession of brutal dictators
has left them. We shall have on the
Southern border a populous and resourceful
country. Our relations with Mexico should
be ns peaceful ns our relations with Canada.
The people who talk of Invasion never seem
to realize that a split between Washington
nnd Mexico would nlmnst Instantly become
a nearly Impassable chasm between the
two halves of the American continent. It
would be accepted abroad as justification
of the Imperialistic policies of old. And it
would rouse new suspicion and new hatred
of the United States not only In Mexico,
but throughout nil Latin America.
OUTSIDERS AS ARBITRATORS
THE laughter of some members of the
Allied Supreme Council on henrlng that
the troublesome Slleslan question was to be
referred to the League of Nations seems to
hove been premature. The ulleged joke wns
based upon tho presumption that Frenchmen
nnd Englishmen, who have been unable to
agree outside the League, would find their
substitutes within the organization equally
at nrlnnce,
But Mils latrthful theory has not been
supported by facts. It co happens that
representatives of the principal Allied nnd
Associated Powers will not decide tho
SHcinn case for the League. With a wisdom
that cannot be too highly commended, It has
been ruled that delegates from the lesser
nnd rotating nations of the League Council
shnll be intrusted with the question.
These nations aro Spnin, Bruzll, China
and Belgium. With the possible exception
of the lobt, which is sympathetically pro
French, none of these countries Is selfishly
Interested In the fate of Silesia.
There is, of course, olwnys the chance
thnt the decision will be found unacceptable
to the Powers nssoclnted in guiding the
destinies of Europe. But the moral effect
of n verdict bv outiders can hardly fall to
stimulate the cause of justice.
Moreover, the respect which the League
mut win to justify Itself has been materially
enhnnced by the hettlemont of the Polish
Llthunnlan dispute over Vilna. This Is an
encouraging Sequel to the disposition of the
Aland Islands case, which has removed a
Kource of discord between Sweden and Fin
land. THIS FUNNY WORLD
DIESEL engines are the largest motors of
the internal combustion type. The
(Jermuns perfected them and still appear
to have n partial monopoly of the technique
and skill required for their successful pro
duction. The German Diesel motor Is tho
bst engine for submarines. Indeed, suc
cessful submarines would be almost im
possiblc without it.
Very recently the Japanese plnced a
$r. 000,000 order with the German firm that
specializes in Diesel engines. Now the
Government of the United Sjntes has coun
tered with a similar order delivered to the
same firm. So it goes in the naval coinpe.
tition. If the coming .(inference at Wash
ington cannot find a way out of the night
mare we may find ourselves in the presence
of a strnnge spectacle, Wo may seo the
war Industries of beaten Germany revived
and rehabilitated by tho Victorious but un
fortunate Allies and their associated
Powers. v
.( .
PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 2,
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT
Pacifist Aunt With a Sense of Humor
Wroto a Poem During tho War
Which She Now Recalls With
Somo Amusement and Prldo
By SARAH D. LOWIME
DDIIING the early months of 1017 a
woman that I know received a letlor
from her favorite nlcco, aged, I should say,
about sixteen, rebuking her in very stern
tones for being a pacifist 1 Tho ground of
her complaint was that her aunt believed that
fighting was too barbarous n way of settling
a quarrel to be used by men calling them
selves civilized or modern without nn
apology. The aunt had laughed at tho
dictum then prevalent thnt this wnr was a
war to stop war. and had also said that
thero was something not ignoble in the
phrase "Too proud to fight 1"
It illl be remembered, not without aston
ishment, that in 1917'fl bo accused of being
a pacifist wns little short of being thought
treasonable, nnd also by some curious twist
of tho mind it was regarded as a sign of
pro-Gcrmnnlsm. Whereas one would think
thnt if a pacifist could hato, he would
hate Germany nnd all her ways just then t
THE nunt In question Informs me with n
reminiscent grin that what she was ad
vocating, nt the timo her niece felt she wns
head-on for disgrace, wns some plan for a1
general disarmament, to take effect in tho
near future, ns being a more civilized pre
ventive of war than war from every point
of view, the taxpayer's up 1
nor letter in reply to her youthful men
tor's shocked censure struck me when I
rend it just now, after four years, ns hitting
the nail on the head rather neatly. I think,
too. It Illustrates how one can bo nn nunt
nnd yet more modern than n niece, nnd n
grown-up without losing n pleasant sense
of what Is the vernacular of youth.
It seemed to me a nice retort In moro
ways than one. It rends as follows:
"My Dear
"Your letter of rebuke is fondly cherished
In my pocket. As for your mother's state
of shock 1 She knows my views and holds
her tongue as usual!
"If I hnd been n pacifist 2000 years ago,
I grant you I'd have been unique nnd ready
for n show. For In thoso good old bloody
days men really did In truth demand nn oye
for a lost eye, nnd for n tooth a tooth. So,
If by chance or accident you knocked your
neighbor down, you got right on the spot a
whack that cracked your very crown. But
If it chanced thnt 'twaB a slave your
chariot wheels had hit, your slave would
then had had to have his head or body split.
, "For in those cheerful times of go'ro men
kept their weapons handy, nnd tho biggest
gladiator brute was thought the biggest
dandy! A thousand years, ago, in truth,
the world had changed In part; men's
fights were leadjusted oft by lenrned words
In court. And If by chance or carelessness
your neighbor felt you'd sonked him, but
wasn't really sure that you had viciously
provoked him, he'd take the quarrel to
the King nnd there you'd state your cases,
and by his verdict you'd abide, you nnd
your noble rnccs.
"A hundred years ago, in fact, the world
had chnnged still more; families of the same
land nnd liege no longer went to wnr with
sword and musket, siege nnd drill, nnd.
though a man of 'honor' might (lore to
hreak that rulo, he hod to fly the country
If he fought a mortnl duel.
"Now If by n chance your enr should
graze a man in your own town, he'd sue vou
in the courts of law, but would not knock
you down. And If In coasting down a hill
your sled should hit another's nnd (.pill n
boy and break his leg, he would not break
your brother's.
"And if while visiting a 'friend you like
and much admire, she find her benti wns fond
of you, she would not then conspire to mnkc
you drink cold poison or perish bv slow fire.
"Compared to any hero of 2000 years ago,
you yxmrself, niece of mine, nre n pacifist,
j ou know!
"Compared to any lady of 1402, you're
far from militarist and full of 'notions,'' too !
"Compared to nny child of grace of the
year 1800, you are too peaceable for words,
by pity quite encumbered !
"You cannot keep a slave about, for fear
it would be cruel.
"You would not chop n neighbor's trees,
although you need the fuel !,
"You cannot ask the law to hnng the
thief thnt nips your purse. You dare not on
the street be heard to scold n child, or curse-.
"You would not even let n cat go starving
in your stable. You would not have the
butler thrashed, although he's rude nt table.
"If nny citizen of this or nny other land
should kill a fellow citizen, we nil quite
understand, the laws provide the punish
inent nnd the Judges arc nt hnnd,
"Now I've been watching how . things
change nnd custom Is reversed. I always
like to be ahead. Instead of last be first ! I
know thnt twenty years from now nations
won't go to wnr. I simply say: 'If that's
the case, why spill todny this gore?'
"If we are partly pacifist, why not be
wholly so? If we discussed rows nt home
1000 years ngo.nnd have not shot our neigh
bors for n century or so, nnd haven't killed
our countrymen for forty years or more,
why harbor any longer this derelict called
'war?'
"Up hill or down.
Where'er I pant,
Alwnys, dear niece.
Your loving
Ant."
I ASKED the "loving ant" how the dear
niece took this good-humored onslaught.
She said it made a great hit with all the
famllx. nnd, although it did not stop their
war enthusiasm nt the time, it seemed to
take all the soreness out of their differing
with her. And she nlso told me thnt
curiously enough this June, while (.he wns
isitlng thnt bnme niece and her youthful
husband, who had been one of the first to
"go to wnr," she wns astonished ot his
drastic point of view about Its uelr.biiess
and horror. A "sjekening waste," I think,
wero the words he used for it. His wife,
who wns knitting a bnby t-nck, nodded her
bend in full agreement. They nnd oil their
friends are keen for disarmament, it nppesrs.
I asked the aunt if they lemembered her
poem of four yenrs ngo. She sold on the
contrary they felt she needed conversion.
So she let them convince her.
Today's Anniversaries
1783 First court held in Ohio nt Mari
etta. 1S20 Murat Ilalstcnd. celebrated editor
and journalist, born in Butler County. O.
Died Juno 2. 1U0S.
lK'H Willlnm P. Fryo. United States
Senator from Mnlne. born nt Lewiston. -Me
Died there August 8. 1011.
1871 SevernI lenders of the Paris Com
mune were sentenced to death.
1889 System of telegraph money-orders
Inaugurated in England.
1800 Convention of tbe Nationnl Democ
rncv met nt Indianapolis,
1008 The French defeated 1 ft .000 Moor
ish tribesmen on the .lgerinn frontier.
1010 The Prince of Wales wns welcomed
in Montreal.
1020 Totnl of twenty-eight dead reported
In Belfast riots.
1020 Longshoremen In New York hum
on strike against British ships.
Today's Birthdays
Montgomery Schuyler, the new United
States Minister to Salvador, born In .Stain
ford. Conn., forty-four years ngo.
George It. Sims, celebinted English novel
ist and drninntlHt, boin scventy-four years
lienrv D. Flood, long tho representative
of the Tenth irglnln District in Congress,
bom in Appomnttox County. a.. Hfty-six
yearn ago.
Henrietta Crosinnn. n leading actress of
tho American stngc, born ut Wheeling. W.
Vni. fifty-ono years ngo,
'TOr. Frederick Starr, celebrated nnthrn.
ppligist, borti lu Auburn, N. Y., sixty-thr;c
yes mo.
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NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphians on Subjects They
Know. Best
GEORGE W. WARD
On Paper Deflation In Business
M
ORE and better salesmanship,
both
written nnd Mioken. nnd un elimination
of the extensive unemployment now exist
ing nre necessnry nnd must be developed
if this country is to get out of the present
business depression, nccording to George W,
Ward, business man and authority on paper.
"For the benefit of those who may not
know," said Mr. Ward, "the paper short
age we hove heard so much about during
recent years no longer exists. On the con
trary, nt tho present time we hove n decided
surplus both in the finished product in nil
lines nnd in tho wood-pulp from which it
is made.
"During the period when the shortage
wns becoming ncuto paper was being used
In unprecedented!' large amounts. Not only
hnd the war curtailed production for many
reasons, but it had also accentuated tbe de
mand. But following the armistice other
countries began sending their pulp here In
great qunntltles.
When Prices Went Down
"Then came tho break Tl-om high to low
prices and the period of adjustment with Its
following depression of business.
"Where concerns hnd been expending in
mnny cases rather freely, there succeeded a
wave of economy. Budgets were submitted
to boards of directors nnd a wholesale slash
ing in expenses ensued.
"But there is one tiling characteristic of
the average American business man. He
never does things by halves, either in ex
panding or delmting.' So, therefore. It .was
not surprising thnt he should begin a drastic
cutting both in employment of labor and In
his advertising. Both were short-sighted
pedicles and both are evident to any dis
cerning business mini today. The first, of
course, every oue sees. The second is
shown most conclusively in the fall in the
consumption of paper. As a result there
is a sin plus of paper on the market today
and it has fallen to less than one-third its
previous price, although it will not rench
the pre-war level.
Great Paper Users
"It may not be generally known, but 30
per cent of the paper used by t lie world is
consumed in this country. Leaving out of
consideration wrapping papers and a few
others, CO per cent of this pupcr is used by
publications, nnd tho other ."0 per cent by
business houses in advertising of one sort
or another.
"The fnll has not been p marked in pub
lications us in the other way, but it has been
enough to be felt even nt that. Cutting nd
vertislng or written salesmnnshlp muy have'
been nn obvious economy, but it certainly
hos not been n wise one.
"It is a truism thnt is sometimes over
looked by miinj business men that the best
economy in this field Is to keep on advertis
ing, since it brings leturns amounting to
several times' the expenditure involved.
When business houses began their drastic,
cutting of nihertising in publications, house
organs, direct muil, catalogues und the
many other forms which this kind of sales
manship takes, they lu effect simply let up in
their salesmanship.
"During the war this country experienced
one of the greatest periods of piosperit.v it
ever knew, but recently, nnd particularly
within the last five months, u has slipped
Into one of the worst business ubysses that
it ever felt.
W
"Easy Money" Period Over
"The pericd of easy mono, when orders
came In without effort, left salesmen soft,
just ns the muscles of the nrins, legs or
other parts of the liedy become soft when
the uie not exercised as they should be
"During this same period thev were being
backed up by extenslw ndvertlsing, so that
the soil was tilled for them and the hustling
man with an economy of effort and expense
was able to land his order.
"If this policy wus the case when sales
men weie, so to spenk, bard and in fine
fettle, how much more necessary is it now
when they nie correspondingly 'nut of con
dition '!
"A proper campaign of written salesman
shin will have hit its mnrk, tilled tho soil
and brought the prospective purchaser nearer
to a solo than by depending on written sales
innushlp alone.
? ot only that, but It mean.
Wfi'.fU Of time. With nnnimnul ..-..."
a-mdi . s. --- aixiiHsiMii na ut-una
In
ving a salesman pproeh-a-buBincss.J
1921
NOW I GOTTER SWIM!"
man cold, finding him in nn unprepared
frame of mind, entailing n loss of time in
telling him the story and n loss of time for
the customer listening to it. Correspondence
would also have shown the market condI-
tlons more accurately and would linvc meant
economy in planning nnd carrying out the
itinerary of the salesman.
Salesmen Lost "Pep"
"It is also true that the easy days of the
last seven years have affected ninny sales
men, hove, sapped their vigor and enthusi
asm and have caused them to become rustv
and to lack the lighting spirit. With the
written campaign of salesmanship that for
merly backed them up withdrawn, nnd
themselves deteriorated in salesmanship
muscle, is It nny wonder that business
should have undergone the present terrific
slump?
"The truth of this contention mnv be seen
in the foct thnt those concerns which Iinvo
attempted to keen these items up to the
mark have buffered the Icobt under the pres
ent conditions. '
"It seems to bo tbe history of American
bus nois, for the most part, that n jump in
business is followed by a corresponding
slump. Mai,y of them help this nlon- bv
rushing in and piling things up when busi
ness Is on the rise and dropping the same
weapons that mado their business wlien it
shows signs of fnlling. A little better
balanced policy should tend to keep business
running on n more even keel.
"As a further illustration of this nriru.
rnent, it is a fact thnt the European conn
trie, when it comes to a case of econo v
In the running of their businesses, do this
thing to n far greater extent and much
better than we do. Despite our nntura "ad
vantages, the real secret of this country's
success has i,PP i i,r superior salesman
ship both written and spoken. That 1ms
tr?n .1," ;l7IPIItI,,, l,nT tI! this com -U
to the foie during .the jears that lmvo
seen this country rise to the rank of
th,? LI,,li,e f.yumost '"'in.ercinl nations ,,f
ho world. If we arc going to let down in
those me hods it Is not hard to forese tin
we shall lose min.l, nf tl, ...I "V !"ut
nrovlnn.l. I "" " m.wumiBU milt We
prevlousl gained.
Sanio Is True in Europe
.......... lt U1U W1(.,. couutres aie offer-
mg and w II continue to offer, we 1 Hi
tend ourselves in the some way nmol.ein"
Wo must send i-n,l .,, P. V, "!
markets to st,l.. .i.T. ..",.'. "" lo '"lr
tn ...i.:7-:.i "... ..""'.. ".' u"ow 'he
people,
v.. ,iniuiM men- ' u ntou
Dot weather Intensifies the fervor of il.
hay-fevorite's pluers for October 'C
StatSSllZ,. "s'till" T"lH
in this world who -ii ,i' '.'' "'."' ""oris
uniiusi uii, ining.
..... ,. , , , ---- ' ... ,.,,..'
"ig chances on
Great ISiitnln is said to be bulldine nn
airship big enough t ,,m.v , . "J "n
Mimably to puu.de lu teleLralln,1 ,7" f "
world pen.e resulting frimi tl . ii ""
incut Conference n'L J)i,-''niiu-
The American Society f Ten. hers
Da up Iiil' ii i n ...... ti... ,. . "loners
of
l!""i''"'l 'hat j,z, is not'.hi ,el, J VhisVo'"
. . " '' .1111111 111 .Xli v
llllS
Vonfye1,st,.rr,barrfd,rr
corS tZX iZ - &
H a play
is NuniMi.t.ti , ..
ncv.Tlu(d;a pressnS;:uf'',lT11'I ' .'"
detieed by the iniincus.
it,.Uv i.... . ... ." ."."'. "ii oi tree mi i.
0 M "
If this holds true of business in ti'u
country, ,t holds my trm. if ' '
so. in 'our business with fore gn coin, res
If we nre to get mid keep the business thai
should be ours, and mni,n ...... "Jr., . ,lml
-- .! iiimiv iiii rum.
mei.ts, to know their needs and , ,'sl cs and
we have to offer nnd the various ,,dv, ,,
tageous points of our businesses bv n ir ,'.
and continued campaign of written w .
mnnshlp. So to a large extent ... en, IZl
paper as the barometer of business "
l FPU' 1 1' liu,ut
SHORT CUTS
Cavcn deems it uncivil service.
September will produce Its usual band
kerchief crop.
Belfast apparently hasn't heard of the
truce in Ireland.
Champagne with water ns a chaser was
the Washington's tipple.
To make a Caddies Day complete their
employers should carry the bag.
There arc Penrose henchmen who may
now consider themselves slapped on the
wrlbt.
August .10 and 31 broke all heat records,
but it s nothing to be proud about thnt we
can see.
Penrose appears to bo of the opinion
thnt Daix spells his name with a double
cross Dalxx.
Those who desire to get Penrose's goat
should consult the ballyhoo man on a rub
berneck wagon.
Yesterday's launching was, of course,
accompanied bv the usual fool in a canoe ,
who flirted with death.
"Buying Moro Active in Heavy Under
wear." Headline. This is something for
which the weather is very evidently not re
sponsible. Perhaps there Is in, tbe world a thing
more graceful than n big ship first taklnr
the water, but at the moment we can't think
what it is.
And nfter the West Virginia mlneri
have retired peacefully to their homes th
presumption is that something will be done
for their relief.
The Board of Health of National Park,
N. J., has been asked to take action to pre
vent pigs being kept in the borough limits.
There is no rest for the profiteer anywhere.
What Bo You Know?
QUIZ
1. TIow old Is neorgcn Clemencoau?
2. When was the first bnttlo of the Marna
fought '
? 1V.!' '" tllJ "resent KIiir of Denmark"
4. Mho said "If you should write n fnbl
for little fishes you wmild make them
spenk lli Krcnt whales"?
n. Where Is Mingo?
6 What Is another namo for the Island of
Ynp.'
7. Who was Themlstocles nnd for whnt d-
dslve nnvnl victory was he largely re
sponsible '
S What w.i'i Tlpnecannr"
0 Whnt city Is famous for Its production
of lnwn mowers''
JO. What fuel Is used lu operating a Dl'sel,
engine?
Answers to Yesterday's Qulr
1. Tho cube loot of one Is ono.
2. Sen elephants nnd sen leopard' nre
among tho remarkable, fauna of Kr
KUelan Land, an Island In tho .Southern
ncenn belonging to KrnnrA and lying
about midway between the Capo of
flood Hopo and tho Southwest at
Australia.
3. Paul Gauguin, tho Impressionistic French
artist, noted for his South Sea paint
ings, declared "A mllo of green l
Kreeiier than half a mile "
! our American nominees for Judgeship'
oil (he new International Court of Ju"
lice aro Ellhu Hoot. James Hrown
hcott, John Dnssett Moore nnd Hosco
Pound.
.1 Tho assembly, consisting of represen
tatives of all nations lu tho League ot
Nations, Is n Inrger body than the coun
cil, consisting of representatives of tny
Allud Powers nnd n select group ot
nations, chosen n a rotation system
C. Kllhu Hoot pronounces his first name
"El-a-ticw," with tho accent ou the flr
syllable.
7. Cynok.iro Is tho constellation comtalnlw
tho Polo Star ; the I.lttlo Heu.-. the role
Star ItHelf. In a tlKurntlva sense tne
wntd means guliUm; star, center of ut'
traction or admiration. A flnecuro l
in. otllce of honor without dut'e? U" I
tncluil y
8, Paul Veronese, tl.u celebrated Italian,'
painter, acquired his lost name Decnuif ,
no was a native of the city ox v -
Hln real name was I'nnlo OaRllsrl. . .'
(I Tin. tlllo of HI- tviliinn. llli rkstone
famouH legal work Is "Commentaries on
tho Law of Knitlrinil." .
10. Walter Hines Pago wnB Amelcan W
unmauor io ureat liruain uun"a, r
gglftHV 1"" ''
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