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John C, Martin, VI
CI'HTIH. I'kLMUIMT
John C, Martin, Vice Pruld rt and Trurr;
Ion. Philip S. Collins, John 11. Williams, John J,
i.fl a Tv r. Rrrfirvi i
aecreiaryi tntr em 11. iuuin
n inhn It William. John J.
Ppu'ricon, Qeorge P, OotclimlHi, David Ii. SmlUr,
.'UiTfriorw.
'rHAVin k. PMit.r.T
Editor
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rhiladelphla. Tueidiy, Auguil 16, 1921
CROP GOSSIP
JJIOttMEU JCDGE J AM liS GAY GOR
DON, who was in Washington Hit
week in conference with Senntor Penrose,
denies thnt lie talked politics. Tins full
planting season is approaching, lie explained,
mi lie went down to Washington from tils
farm to sec the Senator nbout miiiic seeds.
"I think the winter wheat crop will be
good," lie ventured; but when he was asked
if he got the seeds he said, "Not yet, but
soon."
No one expected him to admit thnt he
tnlkcd politics with the Senntor. They
never do. They just make a sociul call, or
they inquire after the man's health, or they
talk nbout old times, or they renew their
acquaintance with the scenes of their youth.
Hut politics? Such n thing is always as far
from their thoughts as well, at a venture,
as far at hooch is from the thoughts of the
bootleggers.
When the seeds are delivered to the former
Judge we may hnve some more talk nbout
crops and fall planting and perhaps about
fall harvesting. In the meantime there are
a few politicians who are getting impatient
at the slowness of seed dellver .
CAMDEN TAKES A HAND
CAMDEN, through its Chamber of Com
merce, views with disfavor the limita
tions imposed by the Rapid Transit Com
pany upon the number of its subway and
leyated trains to the ferries and tnkes oc
casion also to Comment severely upon the
increase of fares to the present six-nnd-n-qunrter-cent
rate. Considering that the
charges arc still higher in New Jersey nnd
that the Public Service Corporation is not
famed for either efficiency or generosity, this
complaint might be deemed nmuslng.
New .Terej , however, has a way of fin
ishing some things thnt she starts. The
battle over transit conditions In that State
has waxed lively for some time and Is likely
to be persistently waged. A novelty is an
assertion of this militant spirit iu Harris
burg by alleged sufferers in a sister common -Wealth.
The Pennsylvania Public Service Com
mission will naturally give some heed to
protests originating beyond its direct prov
ince. The grievances listed demonstrate the
impossibility of regarding all transit prob
lems as detached or confined to a narrow
field. The matter of the short-run subway trains
is exceedingly complex und the inconvenience
has unquestionably been to some extent ex
aggerated. Put the reasons given by the
Rapid Transit Company for halting some of
its trains at Sixty-third street are not en
tirely applicable to the situation at Second
treet.
Adequate service in Philadelphia to and
from the Delaware ferries seems to be a basic
transit necessity. Philndelphians are likely
to applaud the manifestation of spirit from
over the river.
MISS ROBERTSON'S COURAGE
M'
ISS ROBERTSON, the lone Congress-
woman from Oklnhoma, is woefully
behind the times. She is assuming that
there are certain activities in which the
Federal Government should not engage, as
they come properly within the sphere of the
State Governments.
She is consequently opposing the so
enlled Maternity Hill, which appropriates a
considerable sum of money to be apportioned
among the States to encourage the proper
instruction of expectant mothers. She hns
advised Senators Kenyon and Sheppard,
who support the bill, to go back to their
respective Slates nnd urge the passage of
laws there which will make it difficult if
not impossible for any prospective mother
to be ignorant of the way to care for her
children.
Miss Robertson admits all that is said
about the need of better-trained mothers
and about the lack of a proper registration
of births in a huge section of the country.
But she insists that neither the need of
better instruction nor the lack of laws re
quiring birtli registration Is an argument
for Federal interference.
Her courage will command the admiration
of nil who have been taking note of the
gradual breaking down of t lie old barriers
which kept Congress from assuming powers
;which the framers of the Constitution never
thought It would possess.
It is not necessary to go hack of the pres
ent year to discover other proposals besides
that of the .Maternity Bill which ignore the
functions of the States. There Is. for ex
'ample, the proposition for a Federal De
partment of Education, the head of which
is to have a sent in the Cabinet. I'tuli-r the
'plan this department is to huvo control over
lac wnoie ctiucniinnui system 01 me coun
try, n control secured through the distribu
tion of Federal funds to States which con
form to educatioual standard set up in
Washington.
This proposition has many defenders, nnd
the chief among them are the men engaged
ii education. They nre supposed to know
the theory of the Constitution and the his
tory of thi' country. Hut this knowledge
does not prevent them from advocating a
plan which, in its present form, could not
be carried out without 11 surrender by the
States of their educational autonomy. It
mny be that they are devoting so much
'thought to the need of higher educational
standards In some of the States thut tiiey
forget that the Constitution gives to Con",
press no power over education sue in the
territories.
Another instance of disregard of I lie In
dependence of the States is found in Ihe
ftiggcstlnn by the Secretary of the Treas
ury that it constitutional ameudiiieut be
mhjptcd which will give to Congiess power
to- tx Income from State anil municipal
bonds, if such an amendment should he
adopted Congress could destroy the luurket
Ut JJinte bonds by levying so lien v. a tax
W (6 make It impossible, for uny Stuto to
.. -. ..;..,.
sahi that, this pcwrr would
if.
never be exercised, but It was nlso said
when the Income tax amendment was
adopted that It wnB Intended only to ennblo
the Government to raise needed revenue In
n great national emergency. Then as soon
as tho nmcndinent was adopted Congress
levied nn Income tnx to provide revenues
cut off by n reduction In tariff duties.
We do not know whether Miss Robertson
expects to check the centralizing tendency
which hns been affecting legislation for a
generation or more. Hut It is evident Hint
she Intends to keep herself straight on tlie
record.
GHOSTS OF THE PAST STAND
BETWEEN IRELAND AND PEACE
Lloyd George and De Valera Alike Aro
Undoing the Work of Wrong
Minded Predecessors
MILLIONS of amateur statesmen, un
troubled by a knowledge of history,
unmoved by any recognition 01 " "
mentions part that emotional and splritu
forces have come to piny In the nffn Irs of
nations, will sit down now and write bllrtrr
ing indictments of Lloyd George and l'.amon
do Valera. They know how the business In
Ireland should be settled ! They arc worlds
uwav from the scene nntl from the facts
hut 'they know! We have had their word
for It in the past.
One army will demand lo know what
could be more reasonable than the claims
advanced so lucidly by Mr. de Valera. An
other will demand to know what could lie
more reasonable than the repl of the Ilritisli
Prime Minister. And both schools of criti
cism the pro-Knglish nnd the pro-Irish
...111 ),nv.. i.istlil.Mtion for their partisan
ship. Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. tin Valera
are alike Infinitely reasonable In the state
ment of their cases. That Is why t he
"deadlock" of which a large part of tlio
world is miking mu be no deadlock at nil,
but an inevitable preliminary to new discus
sions and peace.
The trouble, mennwhile. is that reason
alone appears to have only n limited po
tentiality In the world afTairs of the mo
ment. Governments nre just beginning to
learn that other factors have to be reckoned
with in every great human crisis.
The terms and conditions suggested to tho
Pail nirrann by Lloyd George assure to the
people of Southern Ireland nil the practical
advantages of nntionnl independence and
self-government. Hut it happens that the
Iri-h question is like no other political
question in the world. It is too old. It
has been too long neglected and mishandled.
It Is complicated by passion and clouded by
bitter tradition nnd n thousand terrible
memories.
The inhabitants of Ireland, especially
those In the South, nre not lacking in im
agination. Things thut might be said to
be of the heart often can cotinj more heavily
with them than things that can he weighed
nnd measured in prnetlcal wns. They
want more from the Hrlti-h and from the
world thnn autonomous goernmcnt. They
want recognition of their racial entity, their
racial spirit anil their own national ideal
ism. They wunt to realize nn ancient hope
nnd to attain what in their view is un un
questionable mornl right.
With such aspiratlous as these it would
be difficult to quarrel in nn ideal world. Hut
you have only to look nrotiml a little, at
people close to your elbow or in the higher
seats of civilization, to understand how
difficult it Is for nny nations or, indeed, any
men, to achieve und enjoy all of what they
mav know to bo their moral rights.
The complexities of social und national
relationships which make compromise uec
cssary at every step in the progress of Gov
r,ents nnd individuals may be lamentable.
Hut they are present. They hae to bo
dealt with. The Government of Mr. Llojd
George didn't create them any more than
Mr. de Valera and the present generation In
Southern Irelnud created the feverish desire
to be rid of Kngllsh control. The dead past
is forever complicating the problems of the
living present.
Kngllsh ministers nnd administrators
blundered cruelly und blindly In Ireland.
The insurgence und desolation of, the present
are inevitable results of their work. The
cry for independence is a cry against theo
ries of "rule" long buried with the Ilritish
statesmen who originated them. All the
songs and lejends and traditions and litera
ture of Southern Ireland tend to preserve the
character and the ambition and the race
consciousness of a people of distinctive
traits and talents und temperament and to
preserve dislike, uuforglveness und prejudue
as well.
A people that has endured so long and
survived so much may reasonably demand to "
be the master of its own destiny. Yet Mr.
Llojd George would be a traitor if. as Prime
Minister in Kngland, lie were not cautions
nnd tireless to safeguard the empire at its
ery foundations.
It may be true, it p-obably is true, thnt
an independent Ireland would never aid In
a war against Lnginud. The fact n mains
that it would have 'the power to aid sue h a
wr if it willed to do so und that the seat
of the Ilritish Government might, at the
whim of an Irish President yet unborn, be
compelled to face enemies In the rear us
well as enemies in front. Such 11 pus,i
bility, no matter how remote it may seem,
is what Irishmen und lingliahmen alike must
recognize now.
The temper and the terms suggested in
the Prime Minister's letter to Mr. d V.ileru
ure suggestive of nreolutloiiury ehuuge of
front In Downing Street. In comparison
with the Home Rub programs of the past,
Mr. Llojd George's program repi cents a
long advance in generous and progre.-m,
thinking. It does not pioposc an nle.il
pence or a perfect settlement of tin age-old
colilllct of desire and feeling uetwee'i the
Irish and Hiiglund. it does propose a peace
which is us near perfect us it inn be in the
imperfect world with which we ure imme
diately concerned. Moreover, on its face it
is obviously not an exclusively Lnglisli
peace.
It is clearly evident thnt the new policy
here revealed was inspired by the rei ent
conference of Premiers and that it rellects
the feeling of Canadu, Australia, New Xea-
innu nun tne 1 nion 01 ,outii Africa grent
nnd free Commonwealths that are pioneering
magnificently in the democratic philosophy.
It is a peine that is as broad us it may
Hifcly lie iniiile In a world of lepresseil
tumult ami crowding uncertainties.
Time might, and probably will, tiring it
nearer to the ideal penie in which the It Mi
people could stand absolutely alone. Irish
men who profess to sie In it only an Invi
tation to n new surrender may be dinging to
a erj nigh and brave hope. Tliej might
couceivnbl tear loose from the Ilritish Um
pire, but wouldn't they then be drifting
dnngeiously toward a sort of isolntiou which
most nations shun in times thnt are teaihing
all democratic peoples thnt thej must cling
together or risk disaster''
THE SMUGGLERS
TT STANDS to reason that if whisky
JL smugglers can operate with fair chain es
of immunity in tho region of Atlantic Cliv
they ure able to work with almost complete
assurances of safety In tho Delaware liny
and the Delaware River.
Similarly it is to he presumed that the
Federal authorities are under no delusion
about the larger scope of the smuggling
business suggested by tills general view. If
they have been concentrating nil their at
tciitlnn on the outer const lines they are
woefiillv lacking it. imagination. There Is
EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER
good ground for the belief thnt for every
bottle of contraband hooch landed at a coast
resort n thousand huvo been slipped Into
Inland harbors.
There is u more serious side to the ques
tion of smugglers thun thut which confronts
the prohibition enforcement agents. A vcs-.
scl which arrives from deep wntcrs at nn
American harbor with n cargo of illicit
whisky nnturiilly must nvoltl the quarantine
stations. She is not subjected to the exami
nation which the law requires iu the Inter
est of general health. There Is nothing to
prevent such vessels from bringing nlnng
with their whisky some of the dreaded dis
eases which it Is the business of quarantine
doctors to shut out of the country. This Is
nn ndded reason why the business of smug
gling ought to he definitely stopped, even If
the co-opcrntloti of nnvnl vessels Is required
to accomplish this end.
THE MUDDLE OF THE LINERS
TIIIC pralbe earned by the George Wash
ington on the comphtlon of her first trip
ns 11 passenger liner under the American
Hag stands in painful contrast to the plight
of its operator, the Cuited States Mail
Steamship Company, which Chalrninn Las
ker, of the Shipping Hoard, has declared
insolvent.
While Hremen in h mood of rather admir
able generosity turns out to greet the ves
sel, once the pride of that port: while the
passengers Indite testimonials compliment
ing the American Gocrnment upon the
splendid new appointments of the ship nnd
commend Cnptnlii Cunningham as an nblo
navigator, legal complications becloud its
destinies, the .Mail Company hns gone Into
the hands' of receivers ami the status of tho
majority of our passenger trans-Atlantic
liners is imperiled.
Tho courts will perhaps eventually clear
up a situation unparalleled even in the in
Milved history of the Shipping Hoard. It is
expected that the George Washington will
bo seized because of defaulted paj ments im
mediately upon her return to the United
States. The Pocahontas, nlso allocated to
the .Mail Company, lias been libeled in
Naples nnd detained in thnt port. Severul
of the finest former German vessels, notably
tho Mount Vernon, Agamemnon and Presi
dent Grunt, have not turned a wheel for
more than a jear. '
If the fate of the revived merchant marine
were uunffcrtcd by the time consumed In
legnl adjustments and the court battles to
determine whether the Shipping Itonrd was
right in seeking to deprive the Mail Com
pany of Its licet and whether that concern
is nctualh and irretrievably bankrupt, the
enormously complex affair might be regarded
with comparative indifference. Hut the case
warrants no such attitude of complacent'.
It is chaotic to the point of pessimism.
Foreign shipping organizations cannot lie
displeased with the spectacle. Whoeer is
to blame, the) must be nt lenst temporary
winners by tin- confusion and buo.ved with
hopes of permanent gain.
Chairman l.a-ker. in n long statement to
be filed in the Federal District Court in
defense of the Shipping Hoard's contention
that the temporary injunction whereby tho
mail company regained possession of the
ships should be dissolved, is much more ex
plicit than he was at the outset of the case.
At first it was the Intention of the board
to hand over the vessels to a rival concern
in need of ship, the Cuited American Lino,
representing I luminal) interests.
It is fair to the board, especially in view
of the revelations of the bewildering finan
ciering of the Mnil Compan), to assume that
the intended transfer was conceived in good
faith. Ncvirthelcss, the rapidity of the
proceedings was stnrtling.
Mr. Lasker speaks directly nnd grati
fyingly to the point iu reiterating that the
contemplated wholesale allocation of such
valuable ships to the I'nitcd American Lines
was entirely a temporary program; thut if
the board is awarded possession of the ships
it will call for bids from "responsible, effi
cient, sea-operating companies," und that
its paramount desire is to see the ships
running. This is the sort of language which
the public, overwhelmed h) the charges and
counter-charges and the lab) rinthine aspects
of tiie muddle, undcrstuuds and unquali
fied!) approves.
The rumors that tho term United Ameri
can Lines "is another way of saying Hamburg-American
Line" and "I'nitcd States
Mail Steamship Company" a euphemism
for "North German Llovd" are far from
comforting. The tales may be false, but
the persistency of such aspersions is marked.
The Nation must confess to Incompetence
in merchant marine management if it can
lint utilize its fleet of splendid and, in home
Instances, magnificently reconditioned ves
sels to permanent advantage nnd in hon
orable competition with rivals under alien
Hugs.
END OF THE CENSORSHIP
WILL HAYS is proving himself to bo a
pietty good American. For the second
time since he has been Postmaster General
he has formally announced that he will not
allow himself to he made a censor of the
press. Ho has just admitted to the privi
leges of the second class mail n German -language
newspaper ot New York the cir
culation of which In this way had been
slopped by his predecessor, Mr. Hurlcson.
Tin law dei hues that written or piinted
mutter advocating treason or forcible re
sistance to law is tininail.ible nnd that
obscene matter or matter tending to incite
arson or assassination mny not bo enrried
through the mails. These prohibitions .Mr.
Ilnys sa.vs he must enfon e because they am
specific, but he announces t hut the records
In each cuse will he open to the public, bo
that tlie fairness of Ids rulings may be sub
ject to free inquiry with all the evidence at
hand.
There is evidently to be no censorship of
opinion under this Administration. Men
may say what the) please, subject to the
penalties provided by luw for utilise of that
right. That is sound traditional American
upiulou and prueiii e.
Great Rritnin's pro
A TarltT That Isn't tective tariff wall is
being constructed with
breaches rendv made. No duties may be
imposed until complainants prove thnt
dumping is taking plate ithat is, snlc at
five or mine per cent les than tlie homo
selling pi ice 1, ami not even then if con
stimcrs are able to prove that the impor
tation is mine helpful than harmful. As It
stands, it would appear that the luw will
lie more fruitful of debute than productive,
of revenue or restrictive of Imports.
Time works curious
Time's Whirligig changes. Thirty )ears
ago Liihouc here's Truth,
Re.v nolds' Newspaper and other radical Ilrit
ish publications inveighed mightily against
tlie expense of ro)alt). Toihi) tlie people of
(ileal Hritain, more deiiiociatle than ever,
are concerned because their sovereign is not
gittilig enough uiniic) to put on tlie st.vie tn
whli Ii Ihe.v have been aecustonied, and lie it
is who Is protesting iiguiuM any mine money
being allotted to him, pieferring rather to
cut out the lluuiliieries.
Department of Commeicu figures show
that while South Amerhau countries uro
lowering the price of commodities they sell
to us we hid increasing the price of com
modities we sell to them. Tills, coupled
with tins fact that Germany and Great
Hrltuln, our competitor in Smith America,
uro lowerliitf prices', niqy explain our do
ellnlp? trnile there,
PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1C,
HE WAS A CORPORAL ONCE
And 'Twaa Then That Louis Cukela
Did Deeds of Derrlng Do That
Won Him Many Decorations
Hy WILLIAM ATHEKTON W I'UV
DOWN at Quantlco the other day I snw
Lieutenant Louis Cukela, of tho ma
rines, taking his examination for n cap
taincy. It mny be remembered that, of nil tho
American soldiers who went overseas. Mi
kela got most decorations. Ho was a mad
tornado that raged through every fixht in
which murines participated, one of his ex
ploits being the capture of a German
machine-gun nest with his own bare hands.
Ho was n corporal then, starting on his
way up from thu ranks.
In 1017 ho was a private In tho army. Ho
bought his way out that ho might enlist In
the marines, which organization, he figured,
had best chnnce to go over.
No one knew where this enlisted man cot
the money that made tlie transfer possible.
Undoubtedly there wns much deprivation
back of it, for Cukela was but an immi
grant hoy, having come over n few yearn
earlier froia Serbia. , , ,
When thu Germans drove through that
heroic little kingdom they imprisoned the
father of the bov who had gone nway nnd
enlisted in the annv that fights under the
starry Hag. Later they led that father out
und shot him.
So Louis, In tho presence of the Hun, be
came n demon, n raving madman, possessed
of such pnsslons ns could not be stajed.
"Revvenge, rewenge." lie was always wont
to hiss through clenched teeth as ho went
into action, and no single scratch did he re
ceive to Intcrlcre with his taking it.
Dr. Elmer Darwin Hall nnd Dr. Carleton
Roy Hall arc both pure scientists. One styles
himself nn entomologist and the other an
agronomist. One studies Insects und tho
other field crops. One is Assistant Secre
tary of Agriculture and the other is Chief
of Ccrenl Crops Investigations in that samo
department.
1 lies
hese scientific brothers come down for
eleven generations from John Hall, of Con
cord, N. II., and in that span there hns
never before nppeared a man of science. Yet
both these brothers babbled in scientific term
before they went to school.
It nil came about through Grnndmother
Grimes on the mother's side, who enme to
live with them nnd who called plants by
their botanical names. Grnndmother Grimes
wns n rare botanist and n good zoologist.
Hers was a mind of a natural scientific turn
and two out of her seven grandciiii'dren in
herited If.
Grnndmother Grimes left her mark on
Iowa, for she. named tlie town of Willldn. up
in tlie northwest of it, after her brother Will
and her bister Ida.
Eliot Wndsworth, Assistant Secretary of
Treasury, is a rich young man who can nfford
to take jobs that do not pay much money.
Because of tills he went to Europe early in
the war for the Rockefeller Foundation,
which wanted to give food to the starving
Poles but could never find n way to do it.
Then Mr. Wndsworth worked for years with
the Red Cross. He was chairman of the
committee of Harvard Alumni which set
out to raise $15,000,000 as nn endowment
thnt tho professors might get n fiO per cent
raise in salnry. They got $14,000,000. All
last )ear he worked hard as chnlrninn of the
Finnnce Committee of tlie Senatorial Cam
paign Committee. Now lie is on the inside
nt Uncle Sam's big money shop. Ho admits
thnt it is a fine thing not to hnve to think
of tho money end of your employment.
Uncle Joe Cannon was telling of the diffi
culties that the amateur politician experi
ences when first he goes out and attempts to
so deport himself ns to capture the votes of
his fellows.
Down in Danville he knew n man who
printed the notice of his candidacy in the
papers and went out on the street corner of
n Saturday nftcrnnon to cntch up with his
handshaking among the farmers, an activity
that he had long neglected.
This man was very conscious that his name
was right there in the papers in cnpital let
ters and that all the folks were looking him
over, making up their minds as to whether
they would kiss or kill him.
One farmer stood on the edge of the group
and watched. He observed the mechanical,
pump-handle handshake, the stiff erectness,
the formal nddress of the candidate.
"Hull." he was heard to ejaculate.
"Runiiin' for office nnd ain't let his check
rein down yet."
If one, after spending much of his life
in the open in the company of mules, for
instance, should learn some of tho secrets
thut move those creatures to morn efficient
inotipii, and If, just at thnt time, a new
method of transportation should come along
and displace them, would one not have a
right to sigh at the futility of original re
benrchV There is Arthur P. Davis, for Instance,
tlie Director of thu Reclamation Service.
He had been traveling nil day over tlie desert
trjlng to readi the town of Phoenix, out
iu Arizona, wliero he had an important en
gagement. Hut the mules were tired nnd were ada
mant, and all that sort of thing, and refused
to respond to thu urging of tho driver.
So Davis gave it up and relaxed into rcsig
nation. Having u philosophical nature und
a voice for song liu struck up 11 camp-meeting
melody, buch as was sung In the vicinity
of Decutur, III., when hu was 11 boy,
.Much to Ills surpri.su the exhausted mules
cume suddenly to life, sprang Into the col
lars, whisked the buckbourd through the
shimmering greusevvood and landed him at
his destination in time for his meeting.
And the next time he went West the nil
tomobilc hud taken the place of tho mule and
his discovery was useless.
"Printing ink salesmen," said .1. P.
Yoder, secretary of tlie Interstate Coinmcrcu
Commission, "used to bu the individuuls who
Inid mure weird bets than any other class of
citi.i'iis. The commission undertook to sup
press their peculiar method of gambling, ns
it amounted, under the law, to unfair
competition, which it was their duty to hup
press. "An ink snlesman would go into a print
shop to sell an order. The trade of this one
simp might amount to thousands of dollurs
a month to his firm. The foreman was often
the key man in pluclng the order.
"So tho suk'smau would say to the fore
man: 'You ure u funny looking bird with
twelve toes. I never suvv u man with twelve
toes before.'
" 'What do jou mean, twelvo toes?' the
foreman would respond.
" 'I'll bet )ou SL'OO thut you have got
twelve toes,' thu salesman would eny.
"The foieman would take tlie bet, would
take off his shoes and exhibit tlie customary
number of little pigs that go to market. The
sulesiiiun would bund over the money wa
gered. Then lie would take an order for u
lurge amount of ink. . He would luy Ids
bets and loso his money at regular Intervals.
"If the boss suggested tlie use of some
other ink the foreman would discredit it. If
ho insisted, tlie foreman would buy a lot,
would put add in it and afterward show thu
boss how it had eaten out his rollers.
"Tlie wliolit ink business wus hone) combed
witli this sort of thing before thu commis
sion showed thu wuy to united uction which
btopped it."
Edward II. Shaughncssy is likewise mis
pected of being Irish und likewise lias to to
do with railroads. He used to be a tele
graph operator out in Chicago, climbed the
ladder to the job of division superintendent,
went to France as a colonel und wrestled
with transportation for the A. E. F was
druftcd by Will Hays ns Second Assistant
PoHtmnster General und has nothing to do
but attend to tho problems of the railway
mail service,
, 1 1
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphians on Subjects They
Know Best
FREDERICK J. POOLEY
On Aiding Prisoners
"TTEEP your face to tlie sunshine and
-IV tlie shndows will fall behind you."
Thnt is tlie motto of Frederick J. Pooley.
gencrnl agent of the Pennsylvania Prison
Society, whose job, as he puts it, "is to
keep people out of prison instead of trying
to put them in."
"Y'es," he said. "I have been forty years
a member of the society, and hnve held this
position for twenty-three years. Until eleven
venrs ago I was stationed nt Moyaiucnsing
Prison. Then I enme to tlie conclusion I
could do more good right nt the beginning,
so I have from then on made my head
quarters In the Central Police Court in
City Hall. , , T ,
"I am there every morning, nnd I make
n dnilv visit lo the cellrnom. Mnny nre the
bovs find men I hnve nlded. nnd many have
I saved br preventing their being sent to
prison. One youth sent for me not long ago.
I asked him in surprise hnvv lie henrd of me.
'Why,' ho nnswered, 'I found written on tho
wnll of mv cell. "If you ure In distress send
for Pooley. He got me out and will get
you out, too." '
Visits City Hall Dally
"Each dav I go to the ccllroum in City
Hall, and I walk down tho row, saying
'Good morning, gentlemen,' ns I pass.
"Then somebody nsks who thnt ninn is
who calls them gentlemen. Somebody else
tells them it's Pooley, nnd iu thnt way I
gain their interest. Hy tlie time I hnve gone
to the end of the rows of cells I hnve their
confidence, too. I question them, get their
stories, nnd mnny a boy hnve I bent home
to his mother.
"You must undcrstnnd thnt the police nre
n fine body of men, take them all in all, and
thev help nil they cnn. Often a policeman
will come to me and say, 'Pooley, that boy
has n good mother somewhere, I nm sure;
bo isn't hnd: see what you can do for him.'
So I look into the case, gel the hoy in touch
with his mother or father, and maybe get
him out.
"I recall one case where n boy was ar
rested for snatching a purse. He admitted
lie had done so and said lie had been forced
to It by hunger, I kept at him to tell 111c
who his father wns. He refusod. He said
his father would come to the city in the
spring to buy goods, and lie would tell me
then. Finally ho let slip tlie place where
liis father bought. I went there, traced the
man and heard ho wns theu in town. I
found him; he got in touch with the au
thorities nnd the boy wus sent home, and
today that young man is n pat trier with his
father in a big business. If things had gone
differently he would have been given a term
In Jnil and would have been lost to society.
What Bo Yon Know?
QUIZ
1. Through what str.ilts do' vessels pass on
a voyage from New York to New
Orleans?
2. What kind of nn nnlmnl Is n Ravlal?
3. What Is the administrative capital of tho
so-called ICastern Slherlnu Republic?
4 How old Is Sara nernharilt?
6. Who wns the third anil Inst Secretary of
State of the WllBon Administration?
fi. Who wns Button?
7. What Is tho first name of Mile. Inglen,
tho champion woman tennis player of
the world?
8. Why Is n snare drum so cnlleil?
9. Who wrote the play of "Rip Van
Winkle'"'
10. Name six muterlalsjjsed In making ropo.
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. Lake Tltlcnca Is the highest Important
lake In the world It lies In the Andes
on tho confines of Peru nnd Bolivia at
nn altitude above sea level of 12,545
A feet.
2. The Revolutionary War ended with the
Treutv of Paris In 17S3
3. Iloliert Htcwnrt, second Mnrquts of Lon
donderry, by courtesv Viscount Castle
reagh, was n noted Hrltlsh statesman,
born In Ulster, Ireland, In 17C!l Ho
was Instrumental In carrying out tho
union of Ireland with Great Hrltuln
In 1R00. He was Secretary of State
for War during pint of the period of
the Napoleonic cotilllctn, represented
lirltntn At tho roiurrrss of Vienna In
1814-15 nnd was Foreign Pecrctnry
1S12-1822. He committed sulcldo In a
fit of Insanity In 1822.
4. Czardas nre Hungarian dances, generally
opening with a slow movement called
"LnsBU," which Is followed by tho
"Krlska," or dance ptoper.
5. Two srwit coffee-producing countries nro
Brazil and .Iiimi.
6. J'ompell was burled under tho ashes of
Vesuvius iu the grent eruption of 70
A. D.
7. A portmanteau word Is 01m formed l,v
aililtrary combination of letters of two
words so as lo suggest something of
the sense of each. The term Is applied
ill ellv lo uonseuslenl coinages iii
"slitln." from lithe und slimy. Lewis
Carroll wns th Inventor, ls
8. Metonymy Is the substitution of tlm
uamo of an attribute for that of tho
, thing meant, as ctown for lting
B, Senator Shields ls from Tennessee '
10. Two rulers of Kngland who were not
royal personages were Oliver Cmm.
well ana wchuril Cromwell,
6
1921
IT'S A LONG LANE THAT HAS NO
"I have been kept busy." In thu eleven
j ears I have been ut Central Station I have
sent out more than 22,000 letters to mothers
wnd other loved ones of prisoners. 1 might
add. also, that I have been presont at
thirty-two executions nt Moynmenwng.
"During tho Inst few years I have talked
with more thnn 175,000 persons In prison
cells in tills State.
"Once n youth said he hadn't henrd from
his mother for six years. She lives in Ken
tucky. Then I nsked why, and he said ho
had got Into trouble and wns nshnmed to
write. I reasoned with him and finally ho
consented to have me writo his mother.
Letters Tell Life Stories
"I wish you could see borne of those let
ters. What words of joy from those
mothers. Whenever I nsk whether to writo
mother or father they invariably answer to
write mother that love for mother is n
wonderful thing. A mother will go to
prison to see her boy when no one else will.
"There is a greater interest being mani
fested than ever before in this prison work,
yet to mnny there is still the feeling thnt
so long as it is some 'one else's boy or girl
that occupies the cell it doesn't matter.
Some years ngo I was on my way to visit
n county jnil west of Harrisburg. On tho
way I met n Christian friend of mine nnd
told him I was on my way to visit the jail
in ills count), nnd nsked him to go nlong
with me. He declined, saying lie didn't feel
like going, as he did not think much good
could be accomplished there.
"I went alone to the jnil. and some months
later thnt man came to mo with something
ver) important to tell. He said, 'My son
has been arrested nnd, do you know, I be
lieve him innocent. Hut, if by some chnnce
he should be convicted. I will tnkc great
comfort in tlie thought that yon. as n mem
ber of the Prison Society, could visit him
nt the Eastern Penitentiary.'
"It makes all the difference whose boy it
is, you n-e. Wo talk of sorrow, nnd of
trouble, hut we do uot know whnt it is until
we find it nt our own door. Then we know
whnt renl sorrow Is, and I firmly believe
if we were more sympathetic, more inter
ested in fnlVn humanity, there would lie less
.poverty. And with less poverty there would
be less crime."
WOMEN'S CLOTHES
From an Old Ilaclidor's Tolnt ot View.
IF YOU really have a passion"
For tlie very latest fashion.
It is easy to be iu it nowadays;
Y'ou have only to remember.
In the Spring or in November.
The uglier, thu surer to win praise.
To succeed and do your duty,
Disregard the lines of benutv,
For thu beautiful is wholly ou't of date;
Every curve must now be rigid.
Melting tones congealed nnd frigid,
If you want to bo u moving fashion plate.
Let )our cut -ofi" draperies dnngle,
Stick jour lint on nt nn angle,
And it doesn't matter how you do your hnir;
Stilted heels thnt make you hobble
V ith a sort of jerky wobble
That suggests Inebriation or despair.
It is true, tlie fashions vary,
And the Paris makers wary
Often change tlie whole contrivance over
night ;
Hut you really needn't hurry
You can be quite free from' worrv
So long ns jou cnn make yourself n fright
Willis Bo)d Allen, in the New Tork
limes. "
A Paradox
Trnm tho I.os AmtuloH Times.
Alice Robertson. Cougresswoman from
Oklahoma, rea linns her position ns an ant
suffragist nnd declares that the work of Co, .
gress is of hind that makes It peculiar ' v
und primerly n man's job. It does see i.
funny that the only lnd) we hnve inTl"
Nntionnl Legislature should be one hold ng
he opinion thnt women should not vim.
hol.lofr.ee. Still funnier Is the fet, as he
v ' p ..ii.. 1- in kih' iiir no io iic:
gressioual uccident, not to lie repented
Loon In Harness
I'rem tho Rt. Marys M.irjlnn.1. liracun
Francis und Ilaveriuau Mattiii
I.V.
ot
iiiieii. iTf lueseiueil 11 "war h
lo
Mr.
l.ee .Mirrls. They have this 0 i,,' t ,, r
father's he pond and are tumlnc Ii 1.. ,11
mom aiioiit the pond In ,, small i.-in J..
lil'ihl), while the loon was towing tile hi
duvvi. the pond soj ,. fired n Biin wui
.... . ...i- ,.,.., mien v., u, lm, UH ,
near drown tie the bovs Aft,... .. ' ' .... .'
ducklhg : they were finally rescued by Mr!
jBI?f"JL 1,nl,cJ'' wlio happened Jo bco the
accident.
1 nrgiiment
.0.1 1 inmost ) vvoiuiin who bus invaded t
capital. She seems tn be making goo I as ,,
Repiesentntive and Is received 011 terms 0
compete nmnllty with the men. Ye n e
ndiults and insists that she i ,,... .1.. ... "e
1 con-
TURNING t
- 1 -
SHORT CUTS
The problem of California almonds, ii
nuts for tho tariff expert.
We note In the news that pirate ships
still float in n sea of imagination.
Drought merely postponed the famim
bolshcvism hnd in store for Ituhsln.
Sunday laws nre no more than a deli
cate shade of blue in National Park.
The only secret some women can't ken
is one they consider of little importance.
There can be no fifty-fifty compromise
between vice nnd virtue. They don't mix.
The back of summer heat may not be
broken, hut yesterday's chill was not un
welcome. Firemen throwing water on the troubled
oil nt Point Breeze had thrills enough for a
lifetime.
The Dnll EIrcnnn will decide today
whether or not the milk th the coconut de
mands n separator.
They're birds all right, but ever so
mnny Congressmen seem anxious to prore
that they're not railbirds.
The Dail EIrennn is "thinking long,"
ns the old phraso goes, for freedom. MflJ
long thinking lead to right thinking.
The necessity for keeping debtor nations
solvent is destined to play hob with protec
tive tariffs. One cannot sell unless one also
buys.
If tho big round-up of rum-runners
comes off ns expected, the disconsolate boot
legger will he left with nothing but n sour
mash.
Tnx Mil revision won't relieve the rich,
soys the President. We're still demagogic
enough us a Nation to want to sock it to
Dives.
The supposition Is, of course, that
preparations for Hoover relief nre going on
right nlong while negotiations arc progress
ing with the Soviet.
Why, we wonder, is Senntor .Tohn'on w
insistent on full publicity for tho Disarma
ment Conference? He'll have as much to
talk about either way.
Rumor has it that President Ilnrding
will name no women for the delegation to
the Disarmament Conference. This may M
cause for hysterical shrieks.
There arc doubtless conferences nt which
secrecy is desirable and necessary, but at
this distance the Disarmament Conference
doesn't appear to be one of them.
A snake killed in Hnzleton. Pa., vr.11
found to contain ten live baby rabbits. I"e
snake hnd ten rnttlcs, the dispatch states.
Probably one each for the ten babies.
As Fairmount Park. Roxborough and
Hog Islnntl have been suggested as sites '
tho sesqui -centennial, we look forward
the suggestion thnt all three be used ana
that they be connected by scenic ruilroacn.
The one thing unquestioned in tht
United States Mall Steamship Company
muddle is thnt Uncle gam will he better on
when he gets out of the shipping bus ness.
nnd that tlie shipping business will be better
off alto.
One cannot help but feel that the
United States lias at least as much Interest
In the settling of the Upper Silesia question
as Brazil. China or Japan. But. of course,
we may lie right and tlie rest of the worm
a little orL
Colonel Harvey is alleged by the PnrW
Mail to hnve Hindu "certain contortions 01
the mouth" while nttendlng meetings of tM
Supreme Council. Tlie world will rise to W
honor to the doughty colonel. He """'
evidently biting his tongue to keep fro""
talking.
The Disarmament Conference, if suc
cessful, will lie an economic conference vui"
u few ethical frills. Too great 11 ,rfS'"'i
assurance of world peace for till time a M
bring failure. Tlie most effective stri.uu
runs in a channel nt leust narrow euougu
give deptli nnd power.
Frank A. Vunderlip, Americun fiiinn
cier, Is In Berlin milking Inquir) ns to '
German) "will be able to Invade iieiitw
markets mid underbid even American"
porters." We suspect this question J"
1 - .u,i:....i. ...... ... imswer is HO"
easy one. i 11111111111 "" i.i.i.lln.
to pro cut such Invasion nnd under
Uj.-p-
Old .loin. Bootleg will get a harl J1
some nt these iiivs. llt'ie IS " 7 ....
lirevonl ('lunula 'and Gnat Britnl'1.
froui
coining to un agreement with I in
nut u stun to shipment of liquor,
V',
ugrccuieut would strip the Atlaiii". rgj
bouts ot Immunity and put a crimp " ',
smuggling on tba Canadian uoracr,
ri w -t
uii.,vr iit -v. .1 -tt I . , . -,