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F -JcrnlJB it. k. cirniiH, imwudimt
V. Martin, vie rreaio--ni anu ireaaureri
V aaana A. Trier, secretary; cnar ea 11. l.uaina-
nip n. coiima, jonn u. vvuuama, jonn J.
n, George F. Ooldamltti, David R. Smllajr,
ora.
IP r- p.Mtt.r.T Editor
C. MAUT1N'.. , ,()nfral llmlnm Manager
illahtd dally at Poaua Lnxin UuIMtne
u-. inacpenaence square, rniiancipnia.
'JajjtWTio Cttl rrtaa-UnUm IlulMInr
''. Toaci , niU Maillaon Ave.
t Heworr 701 Ford nulldlng
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. i NEWS JlUItEAL'S:
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1
Philadelphia. Wednnday, Anju.l 10, 1931
MOORE AND THE WOLVES
Ot TUB political Klalto today It was blns
generally said that Mayor Moore Is
fighting with his back to the wall and that
ha is covered from every angle by chosen
snipers, Tho news from Washington fol
lowing the conference between the Mayor
and Senator Penrose was not such as to
dispel this belief among tho sub -heelers.
Mr. Penrose appears to havo held to his
Jlaco on tho fence. It was within his
power to clear tho air and align himself
on tha side of those who do not wish to
ee raids and orgies of the political wolves
at City Hall, even if he did not feel at
liberty to give his support to the general
cause of reform. The Senator is still a
neutral between decent and indecent poli
ticians. The RIalto is shrewd. Hut It is utterly
devoid of imagination. The Mayor, with
the advantage of right and honor on his
side, got his feet on solid ground when
lie issued his challenge to Mr. Penrose and
the guerrillas who are fighting him from
very aide.
As usual the professionals in local politics
are reckoning without a thought of the
people or, rather, without a thought of
those people who do not consent to be led
by the cars to the polls on election days.
The average man is not being considered.
And there never was a time in the history
of Philadelphia when the intelligence and
the temper of the average voter had a test
more severe and more conspicuous than will
be provided at the next elections.
If the ordinarily decent and easy-going
Toters permit the thugs in politics to run
away with the city Government, then they
will deserve the worst that the newly recon
ciled gangs can givo them. They will de
serve dirty streets, the atmosphere of organ
.ixed vice in their neighborhoods, tho un
controlled use of city money for purposes
ot political corruption and the abuses and
Inefficiency of Government by the Frog Hol
low method.
The effects of a defeat or victory for
Mayor Moore in this instance will be felt
for a long time. The wolves are hungry.
They lust for an opportunity to make up
for time lost during the Iran years by an
orgy of graft and despoliation at City Hall.
i
. ' A SPEED RUN SOUTHWARD
THE first Amerlcau-bulit passenger ship
in several generations to establish n
record between this country and llrar.il is
the American Legion, which stenmed down
tho Delaware at the commencement of her
career only a few weeks ago.
Twelve days and twenty hours is her ac
tual running time between New York and
Rio de Janeiro, not counting the two days
and a half enforced stay in IScrmuda for
repairs. The mishap is regrettable, but the
fact that the ship was thus handicapped
on her first voyage in regular service sug
gests her increased capacity under normal
circumstances.
Runs of eleven or twelve days to Rio
ivill put an end to the absurdity of reach
ing South America in quicker time via
Europe than by direct voyage in n south
easterly direction. Foreign shipping con
cerns made much capital of this deplorable
truth, and naturally cultivated to the utmost
Its effect upon Smith American opinion.
The Shipping Hoard is popularly supposed
to have covered itself with failure. Hut
Its production through leading American
shipyards of such fine liners as the Key
stone State, 6oon to complete its maiden
Yoyage to Japan, and the American Legion,
which has afforded Hrazilians a new view
ofthe potentiality of our merchant marine,
afo substantial proofs of progress not to be
lightly dismissed.
That the Delaware was the birtliplnee
v " of the majority of the magnificent i.'l,00(i-
ton vessels enables Philadelphians to take
a special pride in an inspiriting reviial of
our marine prestige.
LOVE AND GUNPOWDER
THE number of men and women, joung
and old, married and single, who have
been trying to bettle affairs of the heart
by the revolver method, is Just now surpris
ingly large. New York, Los Angeles and
some of the New Jersey towns, as well
as Philadelphia and the Maiu Line region,
reported sucn experiments in one day.
The wets and the drys blame each other
bitterly for these evidences of what they
call "growing moral laxity." Other folic
mourn and wonder. The fact is, however.
tliat the shootings of today are usually the
result of the accumulated errors of u long
Succession of yesterdays.
There ahvnvs will be nomiln unu-uit.... ...
? tenable to subscribe to the ordiunrv codes
M social ami moral discipline. Thev are
typical of uo particular class ant n0 jiUr.
tlcular state of Hociety. Tliey live, they
will tell you, according to the dictates of
their own consciences. They aim to be
.free nd independent run untrummeletl
spirits:
Sooner or later Mich people learn that a
Ititle trammeling may be a pretty good
thing, and that the conventions by which
the social order is maintained ure the result
cf experience gn'ned by the human race
through centnrj ufter century ami incepted
at last because, though not perfect, they
provide, in the end the best safeguards for
the, ludtvMunI nnd for the imi-s.
f" 'Ane restrictions inns put imon lioumn
.'' aMt4uct and upon teuiiiermm'iital cwicnuicnt
'Y t wrdluarlly respected, because nlnety-nino
rw x every nunureu aro insuuctively fair
Wlfilil " I" it yattwooaical -without knowing.
it. The hundredth individual, who wants
more than can be obtained In fairness to
those about him, is usually the amateur
marksman of tyhnm you read so frequently
in the newspapers.
MUST RIGHT TO VOTE BE
DENIED THE ILLITERATE?
New York Electors Will Have an Op
portunity to Decide Whether an
Educational Qualification
Is Necessary
rpHK voters of New York are to be called
-- upon to decide on November S whether
to restrict the exercise of the electoral fran
chise to citizens who con rend nnd write.
An amendment to the State Constitution
has been drafted, and It has been approved
by two successive Legislatures and now It is
to be submitted to tho people. It provides
that only those who can read and write
the English language may vote.
Numerous attempts have been made in
New York in the past to prevent tho Il
literate from voting. In the seventies of
the last century n commission of distin
guished citizens, appointed to suggest
changes iu the election laws, recommended
an educational qualification for voters, Tho
report was submitted to the Legislature
and printed. The politicians conspired to
ignore it, nnd they also conspired to prevent
nny of tho men making the report from
getting a nomination to an elective office.
Sentiment must have changed consider
ably iu the intervening forty or fifty years,
or it would not have been possible to indtico
the Legislature to vote to submit the pro
posed nmendment to the people.
It may be thnt the up-State legislators
ar.- growing fearful of the large uumher of
foreign -horn voters in New York City, who
cannot speak English nnd who know noth
ing of the spirit of American' institutions.
A considerable number of those foreign
born voters think in terms of the Russian
Soviet rather than in terms of the Dec
laration of Independence. Tho only news
papers they rend are printed in foreign
languages and edited by men who have not
discovered that the abuses from which they
suffered In Europe do not exist in America.
Tho result of these conditions is that
there is n bloc of voters who vote on Rus
sian or Polish or Hungarian issues instead
of on issues growing out of American soil.
The evil is admitted. 'Whether the New
York Legislature has gone nbout removing
it in tile right wny we shall not attempt
to decide. If the constitutional amendment
setting up tile educational qualification
should be adopted, however, New York
would he only following the example of
several other States.
In Maine nnd Massachusetts, of the New
England States, n voter must be able to read
English nnd to write. In Connecticut he
must be able to read nnd to write his or
her own name. In California and Wash
ington lie must be nble to read and write
English, and in Wyoming he must know
enough to rend the State Constitution. In
the far West and in the extreme East
there is n fine regard for education, and
this is doubtless responsible for the limita
tion on the right to vote.
The right to vote is restricted in several
Southern States, but the restriction there
is due to a desire to provide n legal excuse
for keeping the Negroes from the pedis.
In Alabama and Louisiana a voter must
either have a certain amount of property
or must be nble to rend and write. In
Florida he must be nble to rend ond writo
his name. In Maryland he must rend. In
Mississippi he must be nble to rend the
Constitution or explain it to the satisfac
tion of the election officers. And in Soutli
Carolina lie must be able to read if he were
not registered before January 1, 1S0. As
no Negroes were registered before that date
the educntionnl qualification applies espe
cially to Ihein.
Aside from the South, where local con
ditions nre peculiar, the educational qualifi
cation hns been established in order that
the electors may be equipped to inform
themselves on the issues of a political cam
paign. In other States the compulsory edu
cational system has been introduced for the
same purpose.
The justification for the free public
school system was originally political.
There were private schools to which tho
children of the well-to-do were sent, but
it was enrly discovered that if we were to
have an intelligent electorate the State must
educate all who could not get an education
otherwise. 'Ilien the voters could rend the
newspapers nnd inform themselves on the
questions, at issue and draw such conclusions
as their judgment diclnted. Otherwise de
signing men would mislead the ignorant for
their own purposes.
When compulsory education removes il
literacy completely it will not matter
whether there is an educational qualification
for voters or not save us it may apply to
foreigners who have not yet learned English.
No one supposes thnt education makes
men honest or that illiteracy is the prime
cause of political corruption. The educated
anarchist who comes to America is a more
dangerous citizen than the illiterate peasant,
and his capacity to work misehief increases
with his ability to indulge in sophistical
arguments supported by historical refer
ences. If the Pennsylvnnin Constitution con
tained an educntionnl qualification, thou
sands of citizens would be unable to vote.
It is worth noting that the commission ap
pointed to suggest amendments to the Con
stitution did not propose that voters should
bo able to rend ond write. The commis
sioners may have concluded thnt such a
restriction was unnecessary in view of the
campaign for removing illiteracy that is
now in progress, n campaign which in n few
jears will give to every child tho rudiments
of an education. As the program of tho
State Department of Education includes
provisions for instruction for illiterate
adults, we, in IVutisjIvnnia. nre in n fair
way to have the whole citizenry qualified
to vote, even though a voter were required
to read and write.
STEADIER NERVES IN PARIS
TUE renewed sessions of the Supremp
Council reveal Lloyd George and Arls
tide Hrinnd in moods that might almost be
described us chastened.
That the significance of the word battle
between the two Premiers some months ago
wus exaggerated is now apparent. Tension
did exist. Roth statesmen, then especially
concerned with certain phases of domestic
politic, indulged in the dangerous but
tempting sport of self-drainutiation. and
in addition both were genuinely vexed by
disturbed conditions in Silesia, the responsibility-
for which neither the Hritou nor
the Frenchman cared to shoulder.
The postponement of the Council meeting
until tliis week has furnished the lenven
of reflection. The Korfnntv insurrection
failed to attain the proportions forecast by
alarmists, and as the situation has calmed
down so evidently have the emotions of the
two Premiers, euch of whom was obviously
carried awnv by Ids own heated rhetoric.
It Is announced from Paris that the Hritlsh
nnd Italians have outvoted the French on
the subject of dispatching additional foiccs
to Silesiu On the other hand, the reported
i omproinise boundaries would assign to
Poland, which France desires to see favored,
the i'p ater unrt of the i-i h mining urea and
scNcnil of the most important industrial
towns. Compromise, the only alternative
to the collapse of the Entente, In thus at
last playing a salutary role In ona pf. the
EVENING PUBLIC (LEDGEK-PittUADELPHlA',
moBt delicate international problems grow
ing out of the wnr.
What effect the presence of an American
representative has had upon the new ses
sions has not been directly disclosed, but
it Is more than probable the possibilities
of a split between France and Great llrltnln
have been lessened, The knowledge that
Colonel Hnrvcy hns In the past been criti
cized for hasty speech may by tho force
of Inverted example serve to check the test!
ness of M. Itrland and tho impetuosity of
Mr. Lloyd George.
The scene is not without its nspects of
piquancy. In n sense the three strongly
marked personalities in conjunction are in
the act of policing each, other.
The comforting fact thnt the conference
hns taken up the most critical of the various
subjects on its roster so speedily is as
surance of steadier nerves so essential to
genuine reconstruction In Europe.
THE BEER BILL
TF REEK is to bo restored to its old place
in tho United States It ought to bo re
stored openly and frankly. It ought not
to bo slipped out of the limbo of prohibited
tilings behind the mask of n doctor's pre
scription. The men in Congress who talked most
eloquently in fnvor of tho Beer Hill just
voted down In tho Senate know that there
is no such thing as medicinal beer.
The bill was intended to legallzo tho old
fashioned brew. It hnd no other purpose
And because its supporters wcro without
tho courage to talk plainly they were will
ing to drag tho doctors of the country into
tho mess thnt has grown out of the Vol
stead net.
There Is enough lawlessness, enough of
hypocrisy, enough fantasy, enough of dis
honest pretense in the Volstendism of the
hour without the additional farce suggested
by the thought of an nrmy of doctors send
ing their sick to tho breweries to be cured.
If beer is bad it Is bod. If it Is desirable
it ought to be legalized.
Congress ought to make up its mind one
wny or the other. Further sneaking about
the bush is silly and shameful.
Tho men who supported tho Rocr Bill
wanted beer restored, but they wcro without
tho courago to say bo.
A NEW RAIL WAR?
"VTEWS from that world-wide front upon
'' which stntesmen are fighting for an
approach to international peaco is more
cheering today than it hns been for many
months. Tho Irish negotiations continue to
progress satisfactorily despite ninny ob
stncles. Silesia is being removed from the
list of the world's troubles. Governments
reveal a new disposition to approach the
Washington Disarmomcnt Conference with
open and rational minds. Oddly enough it
Is In the I'nlted States thnt tho mood of
strife is being revived nnd tho rules of
common sense ignored.
Tho more restless rail unions and the
management of the Pennsylvania are ns
far npart now ns London nnd Dublin were
n month ago, nnd they nre threatening the
country as well ns each other with acts
of economic violence.
It is the fashion of the hour to denounce
and distrust statesmen. Certainly some of
them deserve most of the uncomplimentary
things thnt nre being said of them. Hut if
a large organization of intelligent railroad
men nnd railway executives, who have only
the relatively limited affairs of a trans
portation system to worry nbout, cannot
find a basis of humane and scientific agree
ment, then the diplomatists, who have to
reconcile nnd re-establish the conflicting in
terests of different nationalities, certainly
deserve to have their labors viewed with
patience.
GOVERNOR SMALL'S 'IMMUNITY'
rpHE almost tearful solicitude of Governor
J- Small, of Illinois, for the Constitution
is unconvincing save to those persons who
misconceive the nature of that instrument
and the fundamental character of English
common law upon which American juris
prudence is based. His claim to immunity
from arrest on the chnrges of embezzlement
nnd conspiracy was defended by the Illinois
Executive on tho ground that the execution
of warrants would make the governorship
"subject to tho judicial department, which
would be a direct violation of the Constitu
tion." Governor Small may or may not bo guilty
of the offenses of which he is accused, but
support of his contentions would make a
mockery of the principles of government.
Executive offices, such ns those of President
or Governor, nre superior to the fallings of
their occupants. The incumbent may be
tried, punished, ousted, but the office Itself
does not lapse. Succession laws are
provided.
The case is nnalogous to the demise of
the British Crown, which is a transfer of
authority carried on despite the death,
abdication or dethronement of the monarch.
Governor Small is not the executive au
thority of his State. He is simply its
temporary represcntntlve, nnd his alleged
misdemeanors nre personal nnd not to be
confused with dignity nnd consecutive In
violability of tin office itself.
The Constitution is upheld, not traduced,
by the efforts of the courts to obtain n
reckoning with n citizen accused of misusing
Stute funds.
PRECEDENT IN MOROCCO
IF IT be true as the Romnns maintained
that something now Is contlnunlly emerg
ing from Africa, there is nevertheless one
portion of thnt continent In which a ven
erable story Is periodically repeated.
Morocco is unchanging in its turbulence
and Its reslstnnco to foreign exploitation.
Spaniards nre not to he disdained ns fighters,
as General Shaffer regretfully perceived just
before the American fleet extricated him
from an uncomfortable position In July,
1S0S. And yet the Riff tribes of the Moor
ish conbt seem to- have overwhelmingly do
fented it considerable forco of King Alfonso's
troops, supposedly well equipped and strate
gically supported by tho Mediterranean
stronghold of Melllla.
That penal settlement nnd fortified sta
tion hns been Spanish since 1400, but It Is
only within very recent years thnt any suc
cess In ncqulrlng Its hlntcrlnnd has been
obtained. Thoso conquests nre now crit
ically Imperiled by the reverse sustained by
General Silvcstre, who is vnriously reported
as n suicide and n prisoner of the Atlas
hordes,
Mclllln Itself is now threatened by tho
mountnlnecrs. These nre nkln In eluslve
ness nnd prowess to thoso which embarrassed
the United States In tho Perdlcarls brigand
age nffolr nnd they nre tho descendants of
those uncontrollable Berbers which mocked
tho power of Britain In the days when Tan
glnr was n costly appanage of the English
Crown.
The Portuguese, who bad obtained pos
session of this unruly port, were obviously
pleased enough to Include acquisition In the
dower of Catharine of Htugnuzu on her
marriage to Charles 11. The Tnngler
muddle, from which England Iguomlniously
uithdiow iu KM. iiplen mnnv frank
pages of Pepvs' Incomparable diary.
Spain may be nn In'etloper. ns for that
ii nt t - Is Frpiicc hei'sclf. In Miuocco, b -t
the pllghi of the Mndllii .ioMu'iimcut Is one
which may parnllel In the minals of other
nations nrmgntlng to themselves the re
ouadlnjK epUUetX "rlnc!pi4 Powers."
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT
Right and Wrong Kind of Gardens
and What the Right Kind of Gar
den Demands of Its Makers
and Frequenters
Ily SARAH D. LOWUIE
A WOMAN told me not long sgo thot she
was expecting an English guest and
asked my advice ns to what places In the
nearby country would most interest her to
see. especially what gardens. 1 advised her
to show her friend typically American
gardens, by which I meant gardens that nro
adapted to the lay of tho land In which thej
nre placed adaptability, doing with what
you have, being I thought the characteristic
of Americans n characteristic which Is a
fault If it Is pushed too far, so that "good
enough" Is tho evident conclusion of th
makeshift result, but a triumph of invention
' over difficulties if tho place and tho accom
plished fact seem to lit naturally Into a
satisfying whole.
rnnERE were two gardens within n quarter
of a mllo of each other on n country lane
not far from Bryn Mnwr thnt used to stand
ns cmblcmntlc to mo of the right nnd tho
wrong kind of American garden. One wne
made in and about an old quarry nnd tho
other was oa the slopo of n grassy hill. Tho
garden in tho quarry had been contrived with
such skill thnt It seemed ns though tho
quarry hnd been made for it ; the garden on
tho stoning lawn looked llko a badly chosen
carpet that was slipping down tho hill.
If you have a slope and treat it like n
showcase, it looks like a showcaso set out of
doors j It won't belong I You would not like
to sit long in a room whero tho pictures
hung head-out on a slnntlng wall, neither
does It look nnturnl or comfortoblo to hec
flower beds slipping down hill. You have
got to terrace the hill before they or you
feel comfortable. By putting a series o'
shelves along the sides and cultivating the
flowers on tiie shelves, jou make the flower
gnrden seem at home on the hillside; and b.t
taking into your count the lay of tho land
you have adapted it to your need, at tho
same timo utilizing all its possibilities to
enhnnco tho result. Thnt Is what I call the
pioneer instinct of Americans!
TITT GARDEN in the Adlrondacks is a case
i'l in point. With trails Instead of roads,
brooks Instead of well-dlsclpllncd water
ways, big shouldcriug mountnlns with val
leys of their own breaking on steep ravines
tho edges of the larger valley, with a farm
that is n scries of cleat Ings edged by sumac
patches, with forests that nre seemingly
limitless, pathless nnd almost Impenetrable,
with lawns about your house that are rough
billows over boulders, with somo of tho very
stones thnt mnko your garden walls and
steps In place before man came thnt way too
deeply imbedded to budge, with the lato
spring nnd the enrly frosts of autumn short
ening the season for blooming at both ends
then nothing nbout that gurden from the
lines on which It was laid out to the timo
of blooming need be according To rult aud
It isn't!
Tho flowers knew It! The coreopsis es
coped to the edge of the croquet ground "and
goes on there year after year ; nothing will
entlcej it bnck to the garden borders ; the
foxglove took to the woods nnd the clefts
of tho rocks j the Japanese morning glory
made for tho manure heap under tho hem
locks, nnd the wild morning glory came iti
its stead nnd insists on festooning the ter
races. Tho plum treo died below its; graft
and turned Into a thorn tree In spite of
Scripture! The phlox stepped forward n foot
n year until It stood whero the border an
nuals were Intended to grow. Tho Bouncing
Bet that had never been asked come, and
the tmnpdrngon thnt had been urged again
and again gave a look in and depnrted.
In fact, I was taught by a hundred signs
that If I insisted on hnving a garden where
Nature has had her own way tor thousands
of years, with scarcely a, deer even to In
terfere, nnd for the Inst !200 years perhaps
woodman followed by a cow or two, I would
have to give Nature the largest say In the
matter ns to how and when nnd where es
pecially where.
SO I DO not take myself very seriously ns
n gardener or give myself very pro
prietary rights over who shnll pass that way
nnd who shall not. Tho only thing I will
not do Is to go through tho heart of the
gurden with somo one whom I do not like.
There aro three ways of approach a
gravel path above the terraces, where one
looking over n low vine-covered wnll enn
look down Into the gnrden. I will wnlk wlti'
nny one there, friend or foe, and as they
stop to look at the sundial they aro welcome
to get n glimpse of tho garden for nil of inc.
Then there is n path on the far side along
the banks of the brook ; one gets vistas of the
garden thero and masses of Us color, but I
bnvo passed that way with strangers who
were intent on conversation, nnd since they
were unheeding of what beckoned to them -why,
so wns I, But in the hollow of tho
garden, with its colors and scents nnd
tossing, bending flowers nbove nud below
you, not even n grudging heart can go
through it unmindful.
I think I would not liko nny ono who did.
r? WOULD be n great nuisance In the
gardens nbout Philadelphia if strangers
passed through with the casunlncss of pedes
trlnns along n road, but tip in tho Adiron
dack country the trails lend through forests,
over streams and ncross meadows and into
the very center of a garden spot beforo ono
is nwnre that one is possibly trespnssing
And, indeed, no one calls it trespassing; it
Is part of tho freedom of the plnce. Loud
voices, paper lunch -boxes, camp stools,
breakers of branches and dcmolishers of fern
beds are too rare to make any rule or sign
bonrd warning necessnry.
Perhaps It would seem perfectly unthink
able to have n mass of summer boarders
tramping nbout your gnrden within a
stone's throw n womnn'o stone-throw at
that of tho window whero you sat writing'
But what happened to my gnrden the other
afternoon? About twenty females and four
males descended upon it with purpose in
their eyes and for half an hour ensconced
themselves, their books In hand, studying
the flowers. It was decidedly not obnoxious
to me, the owner of tho garden, I wu
touched nnd pleased,
I think thev must hnvo been nubile school -
tenchers getting up their nature studies for
the coming year. They went nbout botaniz
ing with such verifvlng scrutiny, such in
terest, ns though thev were nutting Into
practice what they had been teaching. Among
tliu heterogeneous confusion of my July
bloom they seemed to be recognizing flowerH
and their species by the book descriptions of
them. They called softly to each other to
"come hero!" or "look there!" dlscussiug
the pros and cons of annuals and perennials
as tliey knelt and examined the color nnu
the form and cxclnlmed over the perfume
of each. The Fcents of different flowers were
exciting, ns though that was a heavenly
surprise. And, Indeed, I doubt If perfume
does get described In elementary text-books.
I gathered, too, that tho indoor training of
schools does not prepare one for tho subtle.
variation of flowers of tho somo kind. They
were uncertain after they hnd verified whlti
rnndjtuft to sny what tho pink variety wns.
Thev departed lingeringly ; und the last to
leave wcie n boy and n girl, who walked
away hand In bund so slowly that they
probably never caught up with the others
for the remainder of thnt glorious afternoon.
John Skeltnn Williams, furmer Comp
troller of tho Currency, says tho Federal
Reserve Board extended credit to big specu
lators that should properly huvo gone to
farmers In tho South nnd West, a chnrge
that Governor Harding denies with particu
lars. A perfect system of credits for fnriu
cis has not yet been devised. When it is
the country, through tho Federal Ucseno
Hoard or other organization, will be K,) (ll
iippl it- l' '"' meantime, to it gleiitec 0r
lesser degree, und depending n condition,
including climate, tempi-inim-ut. chain, t-r
nnd the stnte f ihe liver falling prlc,., ,lf
"rain, cotton ond other u-ops will comim,,,
to have u lendniey to lustrict loans, i,rr.
muting gent einen out of ollice to level mor6
or less well-founded crltlclum on gentle-mea-iA
I
DNESDAY, 'AUGUST
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphians on Subjects They
Know Best v
EDGAR W. LANK
On Political Organization
POLITICAL organization, always difficult
of perfection, must tuke into considera
tion n number of now factors ns well ns a
few old ones if It is to maintain its old-time
power, in the opinion of Edgar W. Lank,
chairman of the Democratic City Commit
tee of this city nnd n County Commissioner.
"This city nnd State, for instance." bnld
Mr. Lnnk, "havo a political organization iu
the Republican Party, perfected, so far ns
party organization goes, to tliq nth power.
Because they hnppcn to be btrongholds of
this party, it in moro likely to win nt elec
tions for the most part tlinnvlts opponents,
nnd therefore it has moro to offer in tho way
of incentive to tho netivo units that consti
tute the working organization.
"So the bends of the organization have
their genernl, county, community, city, ward
and division leaders and nil the various
workers under them, who nre nlilo to llguro
out the public pulse nt nny time. I hey
have the nnnies, addresses and. In n general
wnv, tho history of every ono living in their
section. Tliey know to n large extent their
political leanings, their personal feelings
and idioevnerasies, nnd they know how to
approach them when the time comes to get
out the vote.
Results Have Been Shown
"The importance of this can be realized
when ou study the history of former elec
tion and find that tho nverage voter docs
not come to tho polls unless he has nn
incentive, or else when a big issue or nn
unexpected nnd sensutionul happening bus
nroused him nnd for the time being lie is
stirred up to como out nnd express himself
bv word of mouth or by casting his ballot.
Itut otherwise many a voter only manifests
this spirit when somo one else succeeds nrti
ficlallv In stirring up this feeling or state
of inl'nd. lie then is made to f el the im
portance of voting nnd once more comes to
the polling 'plnco nnd muuifests his feelings
in n substantial way.
"But this must be remembered: The po
litical organization is first of all a bu-iness
organization.' Its workers me expected to
'deliver the goods.' If they fail to do so
they are 'fired' nnd some otic else takes
their place, just ns in nny ordinary business
organization. So, eonsequciub, it is easy
to understand why the workers ure loynl to
their organization. Advancement awaits
those who mnko good nud demotion nnd
elimination Is tho fate of those who 'fall
down.' And ns patronage is the basis on
which they work, ono can readilj understand
how it is that there is comparatively little
troublo in securing lojulty.
Too Much Power Fatal
"It Is a bad thins In n community to havo
ono party enjoln nn overwhelming su
periority. Nutunilly the worken in a pnrty
aro moio interested Iu the part) for whom
tliey nro working thnn In the people whose
votes tliey seek. This condition, in fact, is
likely to extend throughout the party nnd
will erlsr. to a creator or leser extent, hi..
Uoording to the strength or ueiunesa of tho
ubtrongest opposing pnrty.
"A cunnge in conditions miring recent
yenrs should give thoso interested in party
organization something to think about. Tho
war hns rnndo many persons think differ
entlv than they used to. Equal suffrage has,
in Philadelphia, for instance, put n couple
of hundred thousand voters iu tin, field who
were not there before.
"The nverage voter Is lil.elv to be quite
sincere about what lie docs und uioie inter,
ested In principles nnd people than In some
of the purely political phases of tho matter
under discussion.
"The woinnn voter, to whom (bo ex
perienco in a new one, will inject an element
of uncertainty ns to what Is likely to happen
that will puzzlo politicians for somo time to
come. Natunill.v, women nro interested in
many issues, and will probably go so far us
to create a number. So if tho nstuto poli
tician knows ills business ho will bo far
seeing euough to realize that these factors
must be taken into account and that an
organization that merely serves Itself is
likely iu the future to liml its uiaciiluer5
sndly disturbed,
.inp!e I-sues on I rami
'There nie cnoiivl, mil sM(. . 1 a-Taii t lio
p.ihli and a large inugli "euciitiigi of Hi
population that i niij pi-iiiiem n ,, finis
1,1 turn the si -ii- i . i,iu..t n-i clivlom hi
inal n poj-s'lile u Mti iiar iiiiinii lt pm tj ti,ui
properly handled, i-un often jn out at tlee
tlon time and at all other time lrn ,i..
other fellow on, bin toes. It Is therefore. Jo
I
0, 1921
"VARE'D HE GET TO!"
the interest of the public to support a strong
minority pnrty.
"But for this to bo successfully accom
plished ono must consider tho limitations
and the perversities of human nature. It
takes one with n more altruistic naturo than
tho nverage person to spend bis time,
money nnd energies in fighting for n cnuso
thnt promises uo lmmedinto returns. Few
peoplo nro so constituted. There nro not
mnuy men of the desired caliber who will
run for office knowing that they havo but
nn outside chance to win, because, outsldo of
tho time nud trouble, they coub'idcr their
pride.
"The fnctionnl question is also n hard nut
to crack. 'JJhere arc plenty of peoplo who
nre willing to join n party nnd work for It,
providing they can bo one of the lenders.
1 litis we nro often confronted with the
Mtutition of having in a pnrty n lot of gen
erals and few, If nny, privntes. Slight
differences of opinion ns to how certain mat
ters may lie accomplished often provido ln-s-urmountnblc
obstacles In tho wny of secur
ing thnt hnrmony of effort that carries an
organization to success.
'il wl'" il ls within the power of the
public to work out their salvntiou by build
ing up more thnn one strong organization
to keep the proper balnnee. altruism, linrd
work, n willingness to bury petty differences
nnd petty ambitions, nnd to work consist
ently for the big result instead of indulg
ing in periodical flareups, are nil necessary
elements if anything substantial Is to W)
accomplished in this way."
AN OLD CHURCHYARD
WILD ivy clnmhers o'er each mossy grave,
And locusts shndo the ancient, crumbling
stones
That lean ns close ns garrulous, gray
crones
Who each least scrap of wind-borne gossip
tuve ;
The thrushes pqur all day a liquid store
Of melody, and drowsy lizards crawl
Along the pathways where rose petals fall
Aud elder blooms their lacy banners wave.
Hero lovers pledge sweet immemorial vows,
Ilere tol ers rest, and here a little lass
Cradles her doll within (he uncut grass,
And I nncts nest amid tho locust bows,
As If their ghostly joys ot yostervear
SIihI happiness on all who linger here.
Chnrlotti. Becker, In the New York
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1 Where aro the Scllly Irlamls?
2. Who wns Arteni.ia Ward?
3. What Is a paraph?
4' Whnalln?,h "'Jln"1 mca"lneo Paraphcr-
6. What la n eleiestory?
0. What President warned the United
States against "entangling alliances"?
7. ho wa-i Oeorgo Canning?
8. Want ls Parnguay tea?
P. Wlmt general ot the American Revolu
tion bore the epithet "mad"?
10. Wluit is meant by Un "Idea tlxo"?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. The
i.T., -, - i ' . '' ,h" onlentlar reckon-i-VX.
" tUr M ta"tn "n
India was
tllA
oilKlnul home of tlin
tiitcki-n.
It
ye1,wV ,l,a Pwa,,lM " COO
"" iiuruuiKfi i.iia
S' U"slx1 years!8 SenBl ar elected for
4. Astronomy Is mi outgrowth of nstroloc-v
as pmc iced by tho ancient Chaldea
G. Til Assyrians were tho tlttt to .n.,i
army with iron w,ZJ" t0 e(l1"!' an
.Ni-ma is the chief town
- :ii,iiii
of the- isi'in-i 0f
Tli
alpiiiilii ' derlws
iba" .iii-I In ta. '
,.'" I't'tll- fio.
i
;M...M.HHofth;Mu7r,lMr
C Cush." 'WlU ""' l,uv "HaiU
0, Tho now Cabinet office now promised I.
that of Secretary of Welfare,
-- inn 4 fir 1 1..
Rli(ile..pr.are was the author of thinv
seven plavs, nud ts In mlilninn ,rly"
posed to havo l.een till ui , nV X"?
Tui. Nol.le Kinsmen" ( i ,0n,i?f ,?h"
with John Klet.-tifr '-u'lanonitlun
SHORT CUTS
The Mnyor knew instinctively that
Tempest was his pluy.
Ho is n saintly hay feverito who ii
willing to kiss the goldcnrod.
What tho Shipping Bonrd seems to be
suffering from is too much dead wood.
Tho revenue men who drill for hooch
never know whether they nre going to git
n gusher or n duster.
Even tho strongest advocates of per
sonal liberty begin to resent the impudenei
of the wholesale bootleggers.
Bolshevism is having nn unexpectedly
Jong cruise, because Lcnine very evidently
knows how to trim his Rails.
I4 1' fie Mayor can win so much pub
licity with n secret trip, what could not
the man do if he hired n brass band?
It is inevitable thnt whatever decision
is "ached by the Allied Council In regard
to Silesia It will give entire dissatisfaction.
Enlightened self-interest should also be
prompting us to get busy with help for
Austria, who else may die and breed dis
eases. Tho young man who nsked this news
paper to assist him in getting n wife hai
nn advantage in knowing exnetly what hi
wants.
Tho way to reduce armaments Is to
reduce nrmoments. nnd America is the one
country in tho world that can ufford to lead
the way.
The architect who decorated the brldi'i
door of n New York church with a dollar
mark evidently allowed his senso of humor
to ovcrcomo his sense of decency.
Tho contention of tho rnilronrts that
Inefficiency of labor brought nbout by Gov
ernment direction now handicaps thnm prob
ably contnlns moro truth thnn they will
bo ublo to prove.
Thero wcro fewer industrial accidents
In July tlinu for mnny mouths, says thi
Department of Labor iu Harrisburg: but
joy in the fact Is tempered by the fear that
the reduction mny be due solely to u de
crease iu Industry.
Premier Tascherenu, of Quebec, says a
trndo wall is being built between the United
States nnd Canada and thnt It is not being
built on his side of the border. Any kind
of a barrier would invito disaster. Every
wall invites a breach.
Thn grand president of the Brotherhood
of Railway Carmen of America snvs the
Brotherhood "will approve notionalizatlon
in a hurry," the presumption being that
members might think differently if they took
time for consideration.
Londoners aro now convinced that
American gobs lack bumps of reverence.
The navv boys were ou u sightseeing tour
In the big city nnd were nppurently unim
pressed. Which grieves us not nt all.
Thcy'ro darned good soiiormen.
Ono wonders what particular brand of
Idiocy was responsible for the shooting up
with machine-gun fire by the crew of nn
nirnlnne of n launch in Nnrrugausett Bay
and the consequent Injury of n girl. In
vestigation bhould bo prompt aud punish
ment swift.
Not the least worthy of tha men who
risked (heir-lives to help win the wnr are
the members of the merchant marine who
braved perilous wntcrs. All tho allied Gov-e-nments
have given medals to their
men. Why not Uncle Ham? The task of
tabulation would not bo so hard as it seem.
The nomes of oil ofilccrM nnd men In the
merchant marine were recorded In the fall
of 1010 by order of Secretary Daniels. Per
Imps Secretary Denby will look Into the
matter.
Germnnv Is n beaten n-itlon. She l
also the most cordinlly hated nation In the
world. She Is without n nnvj, her nrinv
Is inconsiderable, she Is up to the eies ia
del.' nml she is vlrtunllv helpless. But her
sovei-iunty N'litiiiiipnirid; her enemies io
not ilii'e 'it Impair bet iiedlt; nnd b-can-e
she has i pi-usli iiiilita,,v establish-
liientH to support she is going to get out Of
debt nnd wax prosperous. Somewhere in
nil this there ought to be n lesson worU
digcitins at a Disarmament Conference.
'' .-
I'
JS.W
l" I v
, tl4.
V
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