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3Euenin$ "public He&ger
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
f emus it k. cttiiTis, pbesidint
John C, Martin, Vice t'rsldnt and Tressursrt
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rhllsdtlphU. rrlday, Alijuit 3. 1921
, 'GUILTY, BUT INNOCENT
WITH the forum 1 publication of tbo
minority report of Coiiucilmnu Itoper
relative to the uncompleted Investigation into
the scandal which grew out of rumors of
attempted bribery In connection with a
movement in Council to permit trolley con
nections with the Sears -Iloebuck establish
ment on the Hooscvclt boulevard, the men
whose names were mentioned ofteneit in the
fosslp of a year ago slip automatically into
place with tho recently acquitted members
f the old Chicago White Sox.
It is n question whether the whole body
of City Council, as well as the District
Attorney's office, cannot bo cnllcd upon to
share that odd distinction. Mr. Roper tlatly
charges that the case was not lnrtigAtt'l.
, He implies that the report drawn by the
investigating committee nnd accepted by
Council was deliberately written and ac
cepted to brltig the matter to a premature
nd favorable to those under suspicion.
And he suggests as broadly as be can that
much that might have been told was not
told. Yet, in the face of all this, there is
f tho clean bill of health given Council, its
Individual members and the others by the
District Attorney's office. There is the
tricky dismissal of the whole question in a
formal session of the Council Itself.
Mr. Roper has acted with consistent de
'eency and courage. Because of him, those
gainst whom suspicion was directed are not
declared wholly innocent even if they have
rot beefi proved guilty. The, question so
unsatisfactorily burled by the committee on
which Mr. Roper served was not buried deep
ernough. W suspect that it will get out of
Its grave repeatedly in the future to harass
and trouble those who nrst brought it into
being.
THE PANAMA CARD
IT IS not difficult to credit the rumor that
President Harding has informed th"
Senate Republican leaders of his disapproval
rf earlv action upon Senator Borah's bill to
remove the tolls from American vessels
raising through the Panama Canal. The
subject is plainly fraught with possibilities
of friction with Great Britain that might
prove an untoward prelude to the Disarma
ment Conference.
It would be inexpert diplomacy to open
.prematurely a question which the United
'States might later see fit to emphasize as an
asset in governing compromises and inter
'national adjustments.
Every party to the parley will com with
,m certain amount of bargaining material
(jThe meeting will not be a conclave of drenm
ers, but of practical statesmen seeking to
jieconcile realistic Interests, with a program
of world peace. Hvery notion will endeavor
'fo play its best hand. The prospect need
'not be shocking sae to those persons whos
'range of fancy outstrips their recognition
of facts.
Mr. Harding, if the reports from Wash
iagton are correct, continues to display his
now familiar sense of things as they are.
IS THERE A BOND SCANDAL?
TlTTR Ttnrnu iif Mnnlninnl ltt.pnrrh erlri-
j 1 cizes the recent issue of $3,000,000 in
B1, per cent Jifty-year bonds In three par
ticulars. It says the rate of interest was
too high, that the term of the bonds was too
long anil that the flnaucinl Interests of the
rlty were not properly safeguarded by the
insertion of n provision in the bonds that
Jthey might be redeemed after five years.
' Director Oruenberg, of the bureau, charges
I that tho neglect to protect the interests of
'the city is such a breach of tuist that It
I ought to receive the attention of the District
Attorney. The churge is serious enough to
, warrant n thorough ailing.
It is unfortunate that the bonds are to
run for fifty years, especially as It Is morally
certain that within three or four years the
pried at which money ran be obtained w ill
fall and that bontls can lie floated for 4
per cent and possibly for 3'a.
This possibility has been recognlred by
the City Council, for it has ordered that oil
future Issues of bonds under the loan ordi
nance of 1010 shall contain a provision that
they may be redeemed in twenty jears or on
any Interest date thereafter. This Is good
bo far as it goes. Sounder financing would
provide for the issue of serial bonds ie
deemablc from year to year. This method
Is less expensive than any other and it avoids
the complications of a sinking fund.
' ' THE BOON OF SHADY ROADS
v "tfTAHIOL'S suggestions for adorning the
IV State highways have been made from
time to time, Including one to consecrate the
leading routes as war memorials. Quito the
V best of all these plans, however, Is that
'' providing for lining the roads with numerous
.jfiade trees.
John W. Keller, chief of sylvacnlture of
the State Forestry Department! has been
f assigned to co-operate with the Mate High-
V way Department in locating sites for the
ivrork. Sjstematlc tree-planting in these
settings is a novelty In Tennsyhanla and
one that Is well TVorth establishing as a
ermanent public Improvement.
Afforestation Is recognized as health-
clvlng and as one of the few practical meth-
Htts-ods of bettering climate. Shady roads com-
J.4 bine charm nnd beauty with physical ben-
nu. "i'enn s ooainnu is u line wnicn
this Commonwealth should be proud and
eager to perpetuate tn Its original meaning.
THROUGH CRIMSON GLASSES
EVBRYWIinitn but In Chicago and
perhaps in Pittsburgh the thing called
IJeil Radicalism N bi'ins forgotten i:en In
Kusslit the folk who a little whi'e ago scie
proud to be cnllcd Red arc rather xlmrae
facpdly trying to appear before the world In
a color less trying to the normal cjc.
' Tint In Clilcntro there has been a new in-
vf!',, 'vwrtigation to determine whether mysterious
3 ? i ftVMa are not at worn to overinrow tue
Ww'tNTWtuatBt tf Uclte1 8ta,e!l' and 0b-
sum au Mea anocKtu 10 nna mac mere aro
v.v.-s.jW.Jb TJalU4 Stataa twa oraasiaa-
-,
tions of Communists. One boasts fewer than
0000 members. Its rival has a membership
slightly In excess of 0000. So Chicago an
nounces heatedly that "the Reds irre not
asleep," and Implies that the rich of the
land and the Government at 'Washington
must still be on guard.
It Is' to be presumed that the survey in
qucsMsn was thorough. It proves, with
astrntshlng conclusiveness, what every ra
tional person always supposed that all the
active Bolshevists in the United States, if
they wero completely organized and paraded
in full view, would not be equal in numbers
to the police force of New York City. It
proves, too, that there is in thiB country less
actual radical thought and action than.has
always been apparent in overy other country
under the sun. What more can tho folk in
Chicago desire T
COUNCIL MUST COME TO
TERMS WITH MAYOR ON CAS
Mr. Moore's Position on the Gas Ques
tion Is Economically Sound and
Politically Impregnable
VIRTUALLY every reason which Mayor
Moore assigned for vetoing the Hall gas
ordinance applies to the ordinance Intro
duced In City Council jesterday afternoon
bj Councilman Wugleln.
Mr Weglcin offered, along with his ordi
nance, a resolution providing for the ap
pointment of a committee to confer with the
Major, the gas company nnd others on tho
terms of n new or modified gas lease, lie
linked that both the resolution nnd ordlnanco
be adopted or that both be killed.
If they were both adopted the forces
which havo been seeking to relieve the gas
company and to postpone indefinitely any
revision of tho lease would be in a position
to hae their way. Tho ordinance would
give to tho gas company twelve and one-half
cents n thousand feet more than it Is now
receiving, or about $11,000,000 a year, and
would ease its financlnl necessities. The
councilninnlc conference committee, which
would represent the majorlt) which passed
the ordinance If it should be passed would
then be In a position to block any agtecment
for new terms with the gas company, nnd
the negotiations would amount to nothing.
Councilman Wegleln professes to be will
ing to agree with the Mayor's proposal to
negotiate, but he ties up his agreement with
conditions which would remove from one of
tho parties the Incentive for negotiating.
Tho only businesslike thing to do at this
time Is to adopt the recommendation of tho
Mayor that tnerc be a conference in good
faith between tho gas company on the ono
tmml and n committee of Council, the City
Solicitor and the Gas Commission on the
other hand, In order to reach an agreement
on the terms under which tho gas company
shall continue to operate the gas works.
This agreement can bo reached Inside of
two or three months If there Is any disposi
tion to find n way out. The gas company
Is not In such dire straits that It cannot do
business successfully for two or three months
longer. And tho Interests of the city nrc so
great that they should not bo surrendered
by any hosty and unconsidered action such
as the passage of the Wegleln ordinance.
That ordinance it intended soldi to re
lieve the gas company.
It takes no account of the interests of the
people.
It ennnot be said In its defense that It
Is based on any calculated estimate of tho
extent of the relief which the company needs.
It U the result of a guess.
Council was created not to protect the
gas company or any other company doing
business with or in the city at the expense
of the people. It Is, theoretically, the board
of directors of u great business corporation
known as the City of Philadelphia.
The people, who are the shareholders in
the corporation, hnve a right to look to
Council for the protection of their property
In the gas works and for Insuring the sale
to them of gas at a reasonable price. But
Council's gas mnjority has not yet shown
any disposition to' perform these proper
functions.
The Hall ordlnanco, as the Mayor pointed
out when he vetoed It, could havu been re
passed from year to year so long us the
present Council remained In office. The
Wegleln ordinance could be perpetuated In
the same waj.
The veto of the Hnll ordinance was not
over-ridden for various reasons, one of
which Is that the Mayor must bo reckoned
with lu any dealings with tho gas company.
ne has certain powers which the Council
cannot tnko from him.
Tho Wegleln ordinance, tied up with a
resolution for the appointment of a com
mittee, Ib an attempt to do In another way
whnt Council failed tn do when It first tried.
But there is no reason to suppose that the
Mayor would approve tho Wegleln plan to
Increase the earnings of the gas company
Council must sooner or Inter follow the
lead of the Mayor In this business because
the Mayor Is right. He knows thn history
of previous gas negotiations and what the
feeling of the public is. He has not for
gotten the dramatic episode of the ropes In
the gallery of the Council chamber ready
for the men who wero trying to sell out the
people. He Is aware that the effective re
form organization of 1005 in this city grew
out of the Indignation of the people at the
dealings of the politicians with the gas
company. Consequently ho is aware thaw
while his position !b morally and economi
cally sound, it Is polltlcallj Impregnable.
Under tho circumstances, It can bo only
a matter of time when the Council comes
around to the Mayor's way of thinking.
CONGRESS AS A PEACEMAKER
RKPUESKNTATIVB PORTKR, co
author of the congressional resolution
declaring poace, expresses the belief thnt
"Americnn soldiers will remain in Germany
until we have adjusted our affairs with that
country." His opinion is corroborated bj
reports from Washington to the effect that
resolutions relating to the withdrawal of out
forces from Germany nro not expected to
be acted upon this session.
In New lork the other dov Judge Hand,
In the Federal Court, handed down a deci
sion denying the clatmB of the daughters of
the late Dr. Louis Hchacfer to income from
their father's estate. Dr. Sehaefer was n
naturalized citizen, but the daughters, who
were muiried to German subjects, were rated
us Germans
Judge Hand authorized the pajraent of
the mono to Thomas W Miller, the Alien
Property Custodian, as heretofore Oinl-
ousl, any chang" In the relations of Ger
many and the l iiltco Mates was not con
sidered In this judgment.
With tho Allen Property Custodian still
tho recipient of funds withheld from Ger
mans, and with a portion of our regular
army occupjlng the Coblenz area, it Is per
missible to wonder in what way tho status
of pence differs fiom that called war which
exibted prior to the pabsage of the Porter
Knox resolution.
Apparently Mr. Hughes Is not devoting too
much time to speculations of this sort. Mr.
Drcsel In Berlin is said to be engaged In
preparing the ground for a treatv with
Germany Whether the pact will be In any
win linked with the Vet sullies TreoU or
will be untlrciv ituh pendent of that docu
ment Is something not jet explicitly re
violed. Whatever arrangement is evolved will
have to be presented by the President to tho
Senate, where it can be ratified only by the
assent of two-thlrdii of the members. When
that Is accomplished tho state of peace will
1 bo aetaaL to Xxoa
sTittv propmty m
sWWWI!FE'ri
i . 'it
JfUl
EVElttNG- PUBLIC LEDqERPHIi:AIECTmA FBIDAY 'AUGUST' 5,
withdrawn from the Rhine and tho Allen
Property Custodian will bo without warrant
to seize German funds.
After all, incidents do occasionally recur
which restore faith -in the validity of the
Federal Constitution and its exact definition
of the position of Congress as n peacemaker.
WHO'LL SAVE NEW YORK?
HOW many millions in small change have
ou to contribute for tho salvation
the political salvation, that is of tho place
called Now York and the inhabitants
thereof? Do you believe that New York
should or can bo saved?
A great many people will pause to debate
that question In their hearts. But all those
who continue to bo moved by tho conviction
that It Is never too late to mend nnd that
a city may bo down without being out will
feel like sending messages of hope and cheer
nnd nplrltunl encouragement to the folk in
Manhattan who. have organized to fight for
smile not so cynically, Genevieve 1 tho
Save New York Ticket.
Whnt these Now Yorkers want to be saved
from is, of course, Tammany. They nro not
yet ready to seek emancipation from the
lint Checkers' Tong or the bipartisan ma
chlno at Albany or Mr. Lusk or the Broad
way waltors. No. Tammany is conceived
to be more hateful even than these. So a
ticket has been suggested w 1th Mnjor Henry
H. Curran, Borough President of Man
hattan, as candidate for the mayoralty, and
Senator Lockwood ns candidate for the office
of Comptroller. It Is a fusion ticket. It Is in
tended to unito nil tho warring and dis
sociated factions on the Republican side, and
even so sophisticated a person as the editor
of the TYIfcuno sees in it a reason why nil
the righteous should unite for well, for
righteousness. And yet, viewing the Save
Now York Movement from this distance, It
is impossible not to feel n sharp pnng of pity
for the grail hunters of Manhattan Island.
Somehow or other It Is hard to imagine
Broadwny clamoring for the light of politi
cal ethics.
Tho trouble with New York is that it is
too big. It has too many minds. The Tiger
has one mind, ono method, one nppenl, one
desire. But Brookljn has codes nnd beliefs
peculiarly its own. Ho has Harlem nnd so
bos the Bronx and so has the Knst Hide.
These communities nrc unreconciled elements
in the welter of the metropolis. Tho Twies,
with Its eyes ilxcd piously upon the first
glimmers of n new political dawn, still is
filled with sadness and doubt. It tells the
'orld that already "the lions can be heard
roaring In Brooklyn." It may have mis
taken the sound. It is not lions that roar
in Brooklyn, as any professional humorist
knows. But it is in Brooklyn that the first
ferocious growls are rising from Republican
politicians, who fear that they may not be
assigned to the best grazing grounds in the
promised land which the fuslonlsts seek.
There is growling in Hnrlcm. too, and
cynicism on the Hast Side and blithe aloof
ness in Broadway. "In naming Major Cur
ran and Senator Lockwood," cries the Poif,
"the coalitionists hnvo presented a ticket
which ought to win the vote of every man
nnd woman who prefers good government to
bad." If that Is true, the fusion ticket Is
lost. Js'cw York will not be saved. For,
if the political history of New York means
anything, it means thnt to win you must
present a ticket which appeals to every man
and woman who prefers bad government to
good.
Major Curran nnd Senator Lockwood are
honest nnd nble men. That will not help
them greatly so long ns the average politician
in every party thinks first of himself and
afterward of the good of his community.
Even tho political leaders who are not dis
honest cunuot be made tn work efficiently in
any movement directed for nbstract causes.
Euch wants to shine. Each desires to win
something for himself. That Is why even the
great fuslonlst movements in American poll
tics fall or achieve only doubtful ends.
Not enough people desire good govern
ment. How do we know all this? Because the
political history of Philadelphia is ever be
fore us. Because of Germantown nnd West
Philadelphia nnd South Philadelphia and
their perpetual conflict of purposes If,
therefore, you hnve some millions in smnll
chnngc to contributo to the Save New York
Slovemcnt send your prayers. Give the
money to the Voters League!
TOO MUCH CONSTABULING
CONSTAI1UL1NO in New Jersey isn't
the soft and sweet thing that it used
to bo when any driver of an automobile was
liable to be arrested for any slight Infrac
tion of elaborate rood rules and mnde to
pay to tho hilt In the nearest justice's office.
Tho Htnts highway authorities put a
check upon the amnteur bandits who used
to make an easy living by hiding behind
trees and watching for tho driver who
failed to blow his horn or speeded n llttlo
on an open stretch.
Hut the hnblt of regarding the owner of
an automobile as fair tame for cranks, for
amateur- tyrants nnd for ovcr-officlous po
licemen continues in n good many plnces,
and nt last it Is having the Inevitable re
action. Tho worm has turned.
The authorities in Woodbury and neigh
boring towns are disturbed because of tbo
noticeable tendency of motor drivers to avoid
their roads find their communities. These
nro places In which many drivers were fined
for slight vlolntious of complicated parking
rules nnd harassed consistently for every
minor breach of road rules made by pecu
liarly meticulous town officials. Now that
many drivers have shown a disposition to
seek more hospitable regions these same
rules hurriedly hnve been relaxed.
There was a time when many constnbles
nnd justices of the peace in New Jersey
thought, as Secretary Mellon thinks now,
that there was no limit to tho patience of
an automobillst and no sort of oppression
that he would not endure without n murmur.
Lnttcrly the State officials have been re
minding their people of the tons of money
that enter the State overy yenr on rubber
tires.
The Jersey roads are good and ordinarily
they are as safe for motorists as any in the
country. The small townB that held longest
to the old belief that a motor driver was
made to be exploited are a little late in
learning a needed lesson. But they are
learning it nt Inst.
Commissioner Blair, of tho Internal
Revenue Department, Is about to Investigate
charges that certain persons hnve been
giving away tax secrets, blackmailing busi
ness concerns and virtually selling tax ex
emption. That such practices obtain Is rc
gicttable, but not surprising Crooks have
nforetimo fattened on unwieldy Governmtnt
bureaus When taxation Is simplified tho
temptation to evil will be lessened.
What Viscount Bryco fallod to note
when ho criticized the Versailles Treaty was
that not evcu n board of super-men could
hnve turned out a perfect documont with
Pride X. Prejudice, Revenge H. Sweet and
Sel F. Determination among the delegates,
and John Q. Compromise the lne liable
arbiter.
"I note," remarked Porlcarp, looking
up fmn the society columns, "that Lady
Constant e Stewart-Richardson is soon to
we I Dennis LucMe Matthew. The chronic
bachelor would nay his nnme wus Dennis
or thnt Mntthow is u mark, but, cheerful
optimist thnt I am, I prefer to put it Lucky
Dcuuis."
' Honest men are In luck when thleveB
fall out, but when politicians get tcssiher
paragrsphers tread soitlj put ol respect tor
tho Ubillawfc . .....
H j ivjiw.iTB
tiMMMniiaaaiMiyJtfciaiaMM
'iwpwrTr
ASONE WOMAN SEES IT
8omo Figures on tho Textile Indus
try Which Form tho Opinions of
tho Collective Mind of
the Workers'
My SARAH D. LOWRIE
THE Bryn Mawr Collego summer school
has turned out to 'be so practical as
well as pleasant for nil concerned thnt one
wonders if tho plan will not becomo a per
manent one. No doubt the professors who
have given tho courses hnve learned ns much
ns the working nnd business girls who hnve
studied under them. I venture to say It
has materially sharpened tho wits of the
professors nnd softened the prejudices of
tho scholars.
My Impression of tho modern factofy nnd
business girl Is. thnt she has very short
shrift for any typo of thinker but her own
type. And her own typo Is mostly impa
tient of n civilization thnt deprives two
thirds of the population of most of tho first
fruits of Its vintage.
For generations such a thing nB the "col
lective mind" for girls of this sort was
unknown. Tho conditions of life were so
abruptly vnrlcd that even in n neighborhood
where the Incomes of the families varied as
llttlo ns those of college professors in a small
collego town, the family needs for the ex
penditure of thnt income wero seldom twice
the same, and statistics being unknown,
surveys being unheard of and outside cal
culations of whnt was and whnt was not
n living wage based on the prices .of com
modities being an undreamed-of piece of
pntcrnnllsm, it was impossible for n whole
stratum of tho population to think nllko on
labor conditions. They could only feel nllko
without any data to provo that their feelings
woro based on cold, hard facts.
IGITE tho figures which follow for what
they are worth. They arc not cither
thoso of tho employers or of tho employes
in their nrrangement. They are partly
those of tho Philadelphia Bureau of Munici
pal Research, partly those of tho United
Stntcs Lnbor Bureau, partly those of indi
vidual manufacturers. They arc put to
gether for a purpose, and that purpose must
be borne in mind ns a possible bias. They
wore sont to me by tho Woman's Trades
Union League secretary ns being on the
whole a very good enso for labor, nnd Jn
quoting them I hnve only spuce to qifote
them In part, so naturally I choose the
statements that seem to me most pertinent.
But even in tho hands of so many cooks
they rcvenl, I think, two things: First, thnt
the "collective mind" nmong employes Is
something to be reckoned with because they
hnvo datn to unite upon, and, socond, that
it Is n matter of supreme importanco to tho
employer clnss that that data should bo
correct.
"VTEARS ago, when I used to run a penny
J- hank up in Kensington, lots of the mill
nnd factory families put their snvlngs in
the penny bnnk rather thnn In tho regular
one lun by the factory owners, because they
did not wish their employers to know how
much they saved. And nt the same tlmo
the factory owners did not publish any
figures as to their business becnuso they did
not wish their emplojcs to know how much
they mnde.
Now, for an instanco, what are somo of
the figures which the employes havo been
provided with ns facts on their side against
n reduction of wages in the textile industry
of Philadelphia?
The repoit I have from Miss Newman, of
the Trades Union League, slnco last winter,
is compiled by the Labor Bureau ot New
Yoik City, and Is put In form for the
teitilo cmplojes of this city. In reading
it, and in thinking over tho figures, put
yourself in the position of a textile employe.
Whether the figures actually state the case
or not Is not o Impoitnnt to me ns that the
textile cmploje believes that they do, and
acts accordingly.
mHE textile Industry In Philadelphia, as
J- elsewhere," I quote from tho report,
"has been affected to as great u
degreo as any other by the prosent bus!
ne depression. Eory competent authority,
however, admits that this depression Is tem
porary, the natural reaction from unhealthy
wartime inflation.
"The problem which tho Philadelphia
textile industry faces is this: which party,
capital or labor, should bear the burdens
of this period of transition? The answer
lies In the history of the Industry for the
Inst six j ears. There nre C25 textile plants
In Philadelphia, including tho following
branches of the Industry : bags, blankets,
braids nnd tapes, carpets nnd rugs, cotton
goods, curtains, dyeing nnd finishing, hair
cloth, handkerchief, lace and emhroiilorlen.
hosiery nnd knit goods, horse blankets and
robes, shoddy, silk, thread, towels, under
wear, waste, wool pulling, woolen, worsted
und felt nnd jam.
"The accumulated net profits of these 025
concerns during the yenrt, 101S to 1010, in
clusive wore approximately $480,272,300.
"During the jenr 1918 alone, the peak
year of prosperitj . the total profits amounted
to nt least $132,018,700, or nn nverago of
$21 2.000 per plant counting big nnd little,
well nnd ill-managed allko.
"The profits of these 025 tcxtllo firms
averaged in 1018 os much as 117 per cent
of the invested capital In the industry and
81 per cent of the total cost of production
for that j ear.
"During these snme five years of record
brcnhlng prosperity for capital the 00.000
workers In the textile mills suffered from
extreme poverty.
"At the end of these five years the tcxtllo
workers wore relatively worso off than thoy
were at tho beginning. While their wnges
Increased, the cost of living increasod faster
and left them In 1020 even further below
a decent stnndurd of living than they wero
before.
"The average annual wage received by the
Philadelphia textile worker in 1015 was
$111.
In JlUO the lenst possible amount upon
which a workingmnn's family could live in
health and decency in the city of Philadel
phia was $053.
"The average textile worker was, there
fore, receiving In 1915 a wngo that was
less thnn half tho amount necessary to
mnlntnin tho health and decency of himself
and his family.
"In 1019 the average Philadelphia textilo
worker jecelved a j early wage of $934.
Prices of ntcessities had risen with such
rapidity In the meantime, however, that
In 1919 the living wago level had reuched
"llio textile worker in 1010. therefore,
received $S00 less thnn he needed to keep
his fumlly tn health and decency.
"The piotectlon afforded the Philadel
phia textilo worker against squalor and
disease In 1910 was less by $327 than It
had been In 1010.
"Tho Bureau of Municipal Research set
the living wnge level in August, 1020, nt
$10S8 $185 more than the previous yenr.
But tho averngo wage of the textile worker
has actually docreased since 1010.
"Complete wnge statistics for 1020 nre
not jet avallnble. Investigation among tcx-
ta ivnrlrnrs linuiiva. Imll-nlAa Ihnt .!.
average wage for 1020 will approximate
$900 or about one-half of the living wnge
stnndurd for thnt year. In 101C tho mar
gin between the nctual nnd the living wage
was but $5-12. Now it has been Increased
to $1088.
"During the flve-yenr period of 101C to
1919. Inclusive, the mill owners piled up not
S routs that amounted to half of a billion
ollars. In this prosperity the workers
were denied nil participation.
"If the mill owners had shared thls
prosperity with their employes during these
yeais poverty would havo been wiped out
among the Philadelphia textile workers."
THE nbove interesting conclusion to tho
wholo matter Is what goes to crcuto tho
"collective mind" of somo 00,000 workers.
If it is a conclusion based on truo facts,
or if it is a conclusion babed on incorrect
statements, nre questions open for discus
sion, but there is no question about its
being a conclusion of somo 60,000 men and
rpsoan woxkflra, w
X
' ' V A ''
"HZ-l--ij - a mt'atg"'''-?.'XyytflafrrJ'-'" fe - 7'" i .sfeOHKSiJrN Stir
JKli:-4 ,'r'' -'n'' i'-?v- ,-f r
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadclphians on Subjects They
Know Best
DIRECTOR FRANK H. CAVEN
On tho City Farm
THAT the city farm, now being operated,
has great possibilities for the future is
tho opinion of Frank II. Cavcn, Director of
Public Works. In the brief period during
which tho farm has been used tho results
have more than justified the cost of opera
tion, which is infinitesimal.
"The farm," says Director Caven, "In
located on tho Penrose Ferry road, in the
Fortieth Wnrd. There is in the neighbor
hood of 1000 acres of land there, belonging
to tho city, but bv no means all of- this is
tillable ground. The results this year are
not what thoy will be when wo huvo had u
little more time to perfect our organization,
but they are sufficient to show whnt can be
done when we get tho land well under
tlllngo.
"In splto of the short time In which we
hnve had the farm In operation, we shall
Produce this year about 350 tons of hny.
n addition to tho hay, wo also have almost
120 acics of corn, which should glvo us In
tho neighborhood of 0000 bushels, counting
fifty bushels to tho acre. Wo bnvo also 110
acres Bown with oats, from whlih we should
harvest about 5000 bushels. As a side crop
we havo about fifteen acres planted In pota
toes, all of which will go to the Philadel
phia Hospital. There aro a few chickens
which uld in 'dressing up' the farm, and the
eggs from these nro sent twice n week to the
Philadelphia IWspltnl, which Is located not
far from the farm ltfelf.
"The primnry purpose of the farm Is for
the city to have n place to which Its horses
mny be sent for ncclltnntlzntlon nnd whero
the nnimals may bo treated when sick.
Nevertheless, the farm can be made profit
able to tho city even aside from this, Its
original purpose. There ore so many horses
used lu tho Department of Public Works
nnd Public Safety that for this purpose
nlone the farm Is a great economj.
Training tho Horses
"To understand the necessity for such nn
Institution it milst be realized that horses
purchased outside nre not Immediately fit
for actlvo duty In the city. They must bo
acclimated nnd In many Instances trained to
their new duties, and tho farm, with Its soft
ground nnd abundance of room, is an Ideal
place for this woik.
"There is at present stabling capacity for
fifty-thrco horses ot the faun, and thero are
taken tlie animals ot tne trnmc, tire and
works departments, both for training and for
recuperation when needed. Thero is a small
sjstem of fire bells Installed, nnd thus the
fire hoises becomo accustomed to the sound
and the meaning of the bells.
A Fine Infirmary
"We have at the farm an Infirmary which
Is second to none in the country In Its equip
ment nnd in tho results thus fnr produced.
It Is completely equipped with operating
tables hns pnddod stalls for Injured animals
nnd tnose upon which It has been found
necessary to operate, and, in short, overy
feature which is to bo, found In the most
up-to-dnto vetoilnary hospital.
"To this infirmary is taken every sick
horse owned by tho city, nnd the fresh, greeii
horses, which have not jet been acclimated,
are taken to tho farm for this very neces
sary process.
"But aside from the humanitarian stand
point in the comfort of new nnd sick ani
mals, tho farm will be made more thnn self.
supporting. Next year I hope to bo able to
havo enough timothy sown to gather nt least
600 tons of hay. This will provide food for
many of tho horses owned by the city outside
of those which nro on the furm for sick
ness or acclimatization.
"Already the farm has more than paid Its
own way. As It Is now being operated,
thero aro fivo men employed in tilling tho
land and In operating the farm; this, of
course, being in addition to the men em
ployed to loou nftcr the animals on the plnco
nnd the vetsrlnniian who Is In nttendanco
upon the horses.
"Previous to the starling of the farm the
buildings on the hind were rented for about
$00 a month for n pciiod of several jours
Little attention was paid to it nnd every
thing was well on tho load to dctttuctlon
when the Idea of the farm origlnnted. We
hnvo built n corncrib of tile and cement
which Is thoroughlj proof agnlnst rats nnd
other vermin, nnd tho stables havo been put
lu sugh condition ns to make them suitable
for the care of sick animals, tho doors und
windows being screened against tbo insects
which frequently retard the recovery of sick
wnicn irequenuy retard the recovery of sick
Wandkttitemtattsutoolpbyalcal
?
ui
Vj
1921
BETTER GET BUSY
Irritation. Outside of this, the farm has
cost practically nothing. And this slight
expense has been more thnn repaid by the
speed with which Incapacitated horses arc
able to bo returned to their work.
"Tako, for example, tho fresh horses for
street-cleaning work. 1 remember tho case
of ono gray horse In particular. Ho was
bought by the city nnd put to work without
being thoroughly ncclimntcd and soon grew
very thin nnd weak. He was taken to the
farm at once, turned out to pasture and
given a llttlo light work on the soft ground.
Almost immediately ho began to put on
flesh and in the courso of a few weeks was
able to return to his former work in fine
condition, and has had no trouble since,
ne had become acclimated.
Special Attention Needed
"Under the old sj-stcm there would have
been nothing to do but sell such u horse at
a figure fnr below his real value, or send him
to the country to a hospital, where there
would have been a good-sized bill to pay.
The farm obviates both of these contin
gencies. .
"When a horse becomes sick in the sta
bles he needs special attention, and thnt
cannot bo given thero becnuso the regular
hostlers tnnnot (the it on account of their
other duties, and the veterinarian hns not
tho proper facilities. Our plan now Is to
tnko tlie horso immediately to the farm, put
a well horse In his plnco and thus keep the
stable up to Its full capacity all the time.
"If this farm Is looked after and developed
in the manner which I hope It will be It
will be not only n nice-looking place, but
will show a very considerable profit for the
city as well. For example, suppose we send
a load of hay to tho city stables, for tho
traffic and safety 'department horses. We
simply weigh the hay and credit ourselves
with Its cost. It is merely n matter of book- ,
keeping and the city has paid out no money
for hny. As at present planned, of course,
we cnunot raise enough feed for nil the city
animals, but we can get enough to take tho
best of caro of ull tho animals Bent thero for
rest or treatment and still have n consider
able amount left over to send to tho city
stnbles.
"The various societies and organizations
for the prevention of crueltj to nnimals arc
much elnted with the fnrm so far ns wo havo
gone with it. A national convention of these
societies is to be held in Philadelphia in tho
near future, and permission hns been nsked
nnd gmnted, of course to hold one of
the Boslons at the farm. Thus persons from
nil over tho country who uro interested In
humanitarian work will have tho oppor
tunity to seo what we have accomplished In
tho matter of properly coring for the sick
nnd Injured nnlmuls of tho city.
"They are Inlciestcd In tho mntter moro
froln a humanitarian than nn economic view
point, but they will see how both have been
accomplished. The service which wo give to
tho sick animals and the fino Infirmary havo
aroused tho enthusiasm of thoso who havo
seen It. nnd a surgeon of one of tho preven
tion of cruelty societies told mo that If a
horso couldn't get well on our farm he
fouldn t get well anywhere. We also havo
individual water troughs to guard against
the spread of Infectious dlscneo, to which
most animals nre susceptible.
Preparing for the Fulure
"We were looking into the futuro to a
certain extent In the establishment of tho
faun. After tho first of next Jnnunry, when
the city does a I of its own streot cleaning,
there will be 1400 horses owned by the city
and to avoid big veterinary bills some pro
vision had to be made for them. The form
began operations early in the present year,
but tho formal opening was not until June,
when the Councilmen and a number of other
guests were invited to see It.
"The original idea was to provldo for tho
acclimatization of tho horses of the Strcct
Clcnulng Department, thon about 100 in
number. Ab fast ns the animals are bought
they ore token to the fnrm for this process,
which tnkes from three to four weeks, whorl
thes nro ready for work on the sheets
' Horses nro much more susceptible to
weather conditions thnn is generally known
In very warm or very cold w outlier a horso
which Is not acclimated will usimlly worry
himself into complete usclessness. To pre
vent this is tho first purpose of the insti
tution, "There is not and thero hns never been
any intention of truck raising under city
auspices oil the farm. It u ,io,-oi..
meut of the idea of Mayor Mooro that all
city property should be rnniin nf kl X.;
i pMM , to 1 cJSi W. tXd th
n "V,
-. h
tifr
s
;.
matter over and it was a pleasure to ne to
bo nble to go ahead, as I own a farm of
108 acres in the cultivation of which I tah
much interest and pleasure I took hold ol
the city farm seeing the great possibility
It possessed for taking adequnto care of tht
city horses.
"While there will be no small vccetsble
business, still thero Is no doubt that trucktri'
could raiso most it not all of tlie vegetables
needed at the Philadelphia Hospital on the
ground which we do not use, while on the
rest we will raise most of the oats, corn
and hny and provide pasturage for the city
horses."
SHORT CVTS
This Is the way it sometimes goes:
Rum, rumor, rum arrest.
His mourners testify that Caruso Lad i
heart ns well as n voice of gold.
Czar Hunger Is now diverting attention
from the dreamed-of world revolution.
Bootleggers hnve changed the Scotch
verdict from "not proven" to "above proof."
With Paris and London in harmony,
Berlin can dig nothing out of Silesia but
cold potatoes. ,
Senator France seems to have a peculiar
faculty for assimilating n large amount of
valued misinformation.
Said the Tuneful Sport, "Although the
Chicago jury turned the hoso on tlie Black
Sot, Comlskey Insists they are not White
Sox." Probably dyed with fast colors.
Victory does not tilways crown the oV
serving. Policeman Edward Denecn put up
n plucky fight with a panhandler who
stnbbcd him thrice, nnd deserves none the
less credit because his man got away.
The fact that the Mayor wanted the
playground named after Phlllls Whentlej
interested Hall not at all. But that 230
colored voters of tho word nre of the ssme
opinion well, thnt Is something else again,
Tho fact that Congress hns rejected t
bill for the distribution of war trophies after
voting $400,000 for paying delivery costs
shows that the members believe that consist
ency Is a jewel they'll pay no luxury tax
for.
1
What Do You Know?
QUIZ n
1. Karl Hnpsbunr has been called a "d
devant" emperor. What Is the mean
ing of "cl-dovnnt"?
2 What is meant by n racehorse plnter?
a. When does the centenary of Mexican
Independence occur?
. Whnt State claims to have produced the
first Iron ship?
B. For how many years was Canada
Fronch possession?
6. Nnme two operas by Gluck?
7. For how long n term are members of the
House of Representatives elected?
8. Who wrote "Daniel Deronda"?
8. What Is the last book tn the Old Tests
ment 10, What Is balneology?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. Tho first nnmo of Barnum, the famous
showman, was Phtneas.
2. Lusltania in the ancient Roman name for
Portugal, the western part of the loo
rlan peninsula.
3. Bpain became a republic in 1873. The
monnrchy under the Bourbons was re
stored tn 1876.
4. A pixy is a fabulous being akin to
inlrj'.
6. Justinian tho Great was Emperor of th
Roman Empire of tho East, with
capital nt Constantinople. He ruiea
from 527 to 665, A. D.
C. Schooners got their name from the o
Scotch and dialect word Mn,v
meaning to skim or skip, especliw
over the surface of the water, i"
flrBt schooner Is said to have been !W"
nt Gloucester, Mass., by Captain An
drew nonlnaon, about 1713. After nj
had been launched ft byBtnnder criw
out, "Oh, how she scoons 1" "A "cooner
let her be." replied Iloblnson. I-or torn
yeais In Now England the word w
written "scooner."
7. The Scotch word feckless means futl
feeble, Inefficient. .
8. An oryx is n lnrge stralght-hornetl Afri
can nntelope.
0. Francesco Tamngno was one ot tho rno
celebrated of operatic toiiorfl. ef.
dally noted for his success In veroi
opera. "Otello," In which hecre"aJ
Ihn tltlo rnl In Xfllnn In 1RR7.
19. Sortlleg-e u divination Qt fortune-tsUl
py wis, ,
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rrrre&tffe2l
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