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,,iV Charles A. Tyler, Secretary! Char'es It, Ludln.
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rhUxItlphle, Sitnnliy, July 16, 1MI
ONE WAY OUT
rlK adjustment of the labor situation at
the League Island Navy Yard, made
necessary by the curtailed appropriation,
Is similar to that adopted by private em
ployers in many instances.
The plant at the yard is kept in opera
tion. Some of the men are laid off for two
weeks and all who remain are to be employed
for only five days a week.
Under this, arrancemcut the sum available
for wages can bo stretched out over a longer
' period than if the men were kept at work
full time.
In the present state of business this- is a
humano plan. It means that the amount
earned by tho men will be decreased, but
they are still kept at work and are getting
something. It Is a." recognition of tho human
obligation of the employer to his employes,
a recognition that is becoming- much mors
general than formerly.
CLOGGED COURTS
mllE congestion of court dockets in many
JL cities with a multiplicity of cases for
violation of prohibition laws is riven as
the specific excuse for a conference between
Attorney General Daugherty and Chief
Justice Taft, with a view to expediting legal
procedure.
It is unnecessary for the cause to be thus
narrowed. Legal procedure, Federal, Stato
and municipal, has been notoriously slow
in the United States for many years. With
dry lfrws or without them, the courts have
been clogged. The condition is chronic.
That it is remediable, at least to some
stent, has, however, been convincingly
proved by reforms which have encouragingly
Increased the tempo of legal procedure in
England since the days of Jarndvce ts.
Jarndycc. The American reputation for
quick action and prompt results has been
lamentably disproved in the judicial affairs.
Even the suggestion of a speeding-up pro
gram by Chief Justlco Taft will be accept
able. One of the salient defects of the sit
uation is the widespread and pedantic belief
that conditions are incapable of improve
ment. NO TEARS FOR THIS 'LANDMARK'
CONTRARY to Philadelphia practice,
tears ure unshed, taxpayers' suits un
filed in connection with the rapidlv matur
ing plans to tear down the South Street
Bridge. Even the scrupulous guardians of
tradition arc mute.
The present wholly discredited structure
is neither old enough t6 be venerable nor
new enough to serve adequately and securely
the public interests. A low bid of $."10,000
bos been received by the Department of
Public Works for removing the tottering
edifice, erecting new piers of the tower
variety and doing some incidental dredging
In the river.
It is promised that the new bridge will
be one of the finest spanning the Schuyl
kill, Almost any sort of structure would be
an improvement upon the present decrepit
one, the impending demise of which elicits
not a sinelc wail from the communitv in
whfeb what exists is so often automatically
regarded as preferable to what might be.
JAPAN WILL PARTICIPATE
PROM the standpoint of realities, it is
difficult to describe the reply of Japan
to the American Government's call for an
international conference in Washington as
a qualified acceptance.
That Tokio is reluctant to have the prob
lems of the Pacific reopened Is the inference
that may he drawn from tho absence of any
reference to this subject in the note just
received by the State Department. The
situation is such that the preferences of
Japan and the courses which she may be
obliged to take do not nacessarily coincide.
There were only two ways of dealing with
the invitation of the United States. It was
possible to nccept the call or to decline it.
Japan has adopted the affirmative attitude.
Tho privilege will be hers of withdrawing
from the sessions when topics of the Pacific
arc broached. Rut the likelihood of such
behavior is small. Her position, none too
good as it is, would not in the least be
benefited by her absence from discussions
by the lending Powers of the world of sub
jects intimately affecting her ambitions and
prestige.
The Japanese cannot be blind to such n
possibility, and the acuteness of their vision
may be expected to incrense rather than
diminish when the sessions are in full swing.
Willing or unwilling, Japan has agreed
to sit at the conference table with hor sister
nations. In the Island Umpire belief may
exist that the Tokio Government has dis
patched only a partial acceptance. The in
exorablc facts nro otherwise.
CONTEMPTIBLE GRAFT
THE present almost unworkable Immigra
tion haw and tho pedantic manner of
administering it render the harbors of entry
into the United States anything but ports of
cheer for aliens entertaining credulous be
liefs lna land of liberty. To cap the climax
of disillusionment comes the talc of a
peculiarly contemptible form of craft sold
to have been long practiced at Kills Island.
Augustus P. Sclieil, head of the law
division of tho Immigration Service. 1ms
been suspended on charges of extorting
money from incoming foreigners and of
crossly capitalizing to his own advantage
their pathetic Ignorance of American cus
toms, language and monetary values,
The abuses are said to include the accept
ance of bribes from Immigrants not legally en.
titled to admission and chicanery involving
! desirable foreigners subjected to the indlg-
R nlty of deportation. An instance of "bor-
M rowing" ?1000 of a helpless and perplexed
immigrant Is cited. The accusations, moro-
over, do not fall niton a solitary ofliolnl.
l ife Dozens of inspectors, interpreters and
waicumcu iiuru uirruuy oven irirfl UIKI (IIS-
charged. Some were arrested for preying
upon aliens.
The situation plainly demands the most
rigorous Investigation. Tho substantiation
of the most serious of these charges would
constitute a shameful indictment of a service
under particular obligations to uphold the
standards of justice and decency. As it is,
tho branch of the Department of Immigra
tion in New York is exhibited as an offense
to tho Nation.
HALL GAS ORDINANCE
POSTPONES THE INEVITABLE
City Must Face the Issue of Whether It
Should Make a Profit Out of
the Sale of Gas
TUB decision of Mayor Mooro to give the
public an opportunity to be heard before
he acts on the Hall ordinance increasing
the price of gas to $1.10 a thousand cubic
feet and giving $1 of this amount to' the
U. O. I. for a year is strategically prudent.
The pcoplo have to pay for the gas. They
are tho first party in interest. They should
be consulted so far as possible in any modi
fication of the price at the present time.
Thoso of them who havo given any atten
tion to the subject know that the Hall ordi
nance disregards the recommendations of the
Gas Commission, They know that the
commission recommended a modification of
the lcaso in such a way as would provide
for meeting the needs of tho city and for
an arrangement by which thero could be
adjustments in the price to meet the varying
cost of manufacture.
It should not take more than two months
to negotiate a new lease In which provision
for nil contingencies could bo mado and In
which the rights of tho consumers could be
protected. Tho Hall ordinance fixes the
price for a yenr from the date that it be
comes effective, regardless of any lcaso that
may bo negotiated in the meantime. It gives
to the U. G. I. $4,000,000 more than it
would get under the existing arrangement.
But the U. G. I. does not need that amount
of relief at the present time. If It were
allowed to postpone the payment of tho sums
duo the city on July 1 until a new lease
could be arranged it would be inconvenienced
In no way. That It needs relief of some
kind is well known. The prices of the raw
materials that it uses, which rose during the
war, aro still high. But they are declining
and it is hoped that before the year is out
they will be down to somewhero near the
normal figure.
The Hall ordinance is subject to serious
criticism on two points. The first is that
it gives relief to the U. G. I. in the wrong
way. And the second Is that it Increases the
cost of gas to the consumer.
The city has made a large sum out of its
gas plant, and this has been taken from the
pockets of tho consumers. It amounts to
$32,000,000 in the period from 1S0T to
1020. It began by taking five cents from
every dollar paid by tho consumer, and it
is now taking twenty-five cents. The larger
amount yields a revenue of $4,000,000, as
already indicated. This is 5 per cent on
$SO,000,000 or 10 per cent on $40,000,000.
It means that the city Is making a profit out
of a public utility, and an exorbitant profit
at that. No such financial arrangement can
be defended.
There is no justification for public owner
ship of any public utility unless its services
are to be given to the people at cost. The
only argument for such public ownership
is that it eliminates the profits made by
private capital.
Rut in the gas business in this city the
people have had to pay Tiro profits one
to the operating company, and that has been
at tho rate of S per cent on tf generous
capitalization, and the other is to the city
itself.
The Hall ordinance continues a tax m
the consumers of gas for the benefit of the
City Treasury ; that is, it continues a
profit without any attempt to discover
whether the sum levied is equitable or not.
It is a mere guess and a compromise of
principle.
Tho hearing before the Mayor on Tuesday
and Wednesday of next week will afford an
opportunity for thoso who know to set forth
the facts for the information of Council and
for the guidance of the Mayor. They can
be stated so convincingly that all fair
minded persons will bo forced irresistibly
to the conclusion that the only wa out for
the city and for the gas company is through
the course outlined by the Gas Commission..
If a committee of the Council, the Gas
Commission and the City Solicitor should
meet representatives of the gas company to
negotiate a new lease all the issues could
be considered ou their merits, the price of
gas could be fixed at such a figure as would
enable the company to manufacture it at a
legitimate profit, and it could be decided
whether it was necessary for the company
to add to that prico any sum to be paid into
the City Treasury for a sinking fund, but
not for current expenses. This is the only
scientific way to go about it. It is the
course which vs. i II have to be adopted ulti
mately. PROGRESS
CONTINUING tests of the efficiency of
aircraft pitted against battleships, in
which army fighters have been engaging
with tho navy, rcvcaV some suggestions of
the tactics which in the future, will govern
combats between forces of the air and' the
forces of the sea and land.
It has been contended that an airploue
could be but it futile sort of weapon in a
sea fight, since, if it were to get within
striking distance of a battleship, it would
go to certain destruction. That, apparently,
is just what airmen in tho next war will bo
required to do.
In maneuvers of army planes directed by
General Mitchell against naval targets off
the Capes an advanco or "shock" squadron
of planes was assigned to clear the decks of
the battleship attacked. The duty of the
advance planes was to drop close to tlte
target and fire, the theory being that though
in nn actual battle thev would be destroyed,
they would last long enough to put the deck
guns of the enemy out of action.
In the wnko of the fast and agile "shock"
planes the heavier bombers approached and
dropped toward the battleship to finish it
off at leisure.
War isn't to be any gentler in the future
than it has been In the past. That, at least,
is certain.
OUT OF THE AIR
IN 1020 the jlcld of the anthracite mines
in Pennsjlvania showed a decline of some
hundreds of thousands of tons from the
figures of the preceding year. Yet tlin. esti
mated value of the hard coal produced In
1020 is, ncpordlng to the Department of
Internal Affairs, $71,0J,n00 in excess of
the valuation of the anthracite mlued iu
1010.
Tlte wages of mine workers were increased
slightly in S020 and the decision of the
EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-.pHIL'ABELHlk,
Federal board which made the award was
the cause of a great outburst of grief anJ
resentment among the coal producers.
Yet a survey of tho official statistics jiow
mado available shows that in 1010 approxi
mately 57 per cent of tho cost of anthracite
was turned over in wages to tho workers in
tho field, whllo in 1020 tho wage outlay of
the inino owners represented only about C3
per cent of the valuation of their product.
In ofhcr words, tho public boro tho burden
of tho wngo incrcaso ordered by the Gov
ernment and a good deal more,
Tho excess of $71,080,000 was not the
result of any Increased cost of coal at tho
source or of any practical work of tho lessees
and owners of coal land or tho mlno owners
or tho distributors. It is safe to view it as
velvet obtained by tho simple, expedient of
shoving prices upward by organized action
and keeping them at a point approximating
tho uttermost limits of human endurance.
A VICTORY FOR MR. HUGHES
THE Hughes brand of diplomacy, as firm
as it Is unscnsattonal, is obviously ro
sponsiblo for tho negotiations upon the vexed
boundary question now progressing between
Oosta Rica and Panama.
Tho Isthmian Republic, which Is In a
senso our ward, Indulged in a refractory
mood last March. Pledges categorically as
sumed In the past wcro violated. Chagrined
because of its obligation to abide by the
lato Chief Justice Whito's award, tho little
republic proceeded to threaten Its neighbor
and actually did provoke n b'rlcf war. Vir
tually all Central America was arrayed
against her.
After a few days of hostilities tho State
Department of tho United States addressed
both belligerents emphatically but not un
kindly and peace was restored. Since that
date Panama has been pursuing tho arts of
persuasion, but to Uttlo purpose
Tho frontier problem resolved Itself Into
tho simplo yet vital question of the will
ingness of Panama to submit to an arbitral
decision which she bad originnlly promised
to respect. Secretary Hughes in one of his
vigorous notes recommended that Costa
Rica and Panama should discuss their dif
ferences amicably and reach an honorable
conclusion. His advlco waa excellent and
It is, happily, benring fruit,
Mr. Hughes' policy is not In the least
darkened by the shadow of unwarrantably
dictatorial methods toward weaker nations.
Unllko tho majority of International diffi
culties, tho Panama boundary case was
conspicuously one-sided. Respect for judi
cial arbitral award is a fundamental without
which the present earnest efforts of the
nations to dwell together in amity will come
to nnught.
The recalcitrancy of Panama was a
manifestation in little of precisely such out
breaks as tho League of Nations or any other
peace prcservstivo is designed to prevent
nnd discountenance. It is stimulating to
note that tho Panamanians aro thinking
clearly at last.
ONE PRICE TO ALL
THAT is a significant decision made by tho
Superior Court invalidating a contract
for electric light supplied to buildings owned
by the Frick estate in Pittsburgh.
The estate had a contract for light which
contained a provision that tho rate charged
was not to be changed except at five-year
intervals, and that it was to be based on the
cost of producing tho light. The Court
holds that the electric light company is n
public utility and that its rates aro subject
to the approval of the Public Service Com
mission, and that it cannot escape that
supervision by any privnto contracts with
consumers. The decision in effect is that
rates of public service corporations must bo
uniform to all consumers.
The point at issue is so Important that
it is likely that the Supreme Court will bo
asked to pass upon it, but tho rule laid
down by the Superior Court Is so reasonable
that it is difficult tf see how the higher
Court can overrule the decision. It is that
"when one's rights are subject to State
restrictions he cannot remove them from the
power of tho State by making n contract
nbout them."
AN OLD AND DELICATE SUBJECT
rrUIE division of the Twenty-second Ward
X is one of those stock subjects which
recur periodically in the political history of
Philadelphia. Theoretically, the idea is
commendable enough. Rut its proponents
havo usually been inspired by the same mo
tives which gave birth to the original
gerrymander.
On the whole, it is wiser to let the ward
boundaries of this city alone until they can
be revised upon somo scientific and ethically
unimpeachable basis. It Is useless, of
course, to pretend that this is not n remote
Ideal.
Councilman Roper, who lately supported
tho notion of dividing the disproportlonally
large Twenty-second Ward, appears to have
realized tho difficulties and delicacies in
volved. Having deserted his own program,
his project Is unlikely to take on much im
petus nt this time.
The status quo is undoubtedly preferable,
so far as tho general public is concerned,
to a scheme of gerrymandering in which
voters of similar political complexions arc
segregated in ingeniously devised districts.
ANOTHER LOST OPPORTUNITY
WHEN the trials of German "war guilty"
were begun in Leipzig it was supposed
that the German courts and tho German
people would seek every opportunity to prove
tlint the criminals formally accused of un
civilized practices in war were not in any
way representative of the German national
will or conscience.
Rut the courts have been studiously lenient
and forbearing. Civiliaus seem always to
lean in sympathy toward the accused. Sen
tences havo been light In almost every case
thus far heard, though somo of the most
ruthless of the submarine commanders have
passed through tho Leipzig tribunal.'
Admiral von Trotha, former chief of staff
in the German Navy, was tho most recent
conspicuous witness. The admiral has not
changed. Glibly he defended tho U-boat
commander who sank allied hospital ships
and fired on lifeboats.
"The battle does not end for a submarine
boat until her home port is reached," said
he. "Her commander must think of hidden
enemies. He must think onlv of his own
country. Ho lins ono obligation, and one
only. That Is obedience to the hlgherom
mand !"
The world may move. A part of Germany
obviously is standing still.
Daniel O. Held and wife, of New York,
recently divorced, are spending thousands of
dollurs over the ownership of a Pekinese
pup which each claims. It seems a small
thing to go to luw nbout Let us hope that
tho wheels of Justice will steer its bark to
some happy land of Canine. Not, of course,
tliat we care a whoop. It may go to the
iJctnnltion bow-wows for nil of us.
A new Wisconsin luw gives woman
every right poss-essed liy man under the
civil law, including, as Senators put It, the
right to "wior trousers and chow tobacco."
We expect, however, that nny man who
chooses to wear skirts and tialnt his cheeks
very properly will be pinched. Where is
this here now sov cqunllM ?
A New ork Judge has pointed out
that the mother in-law, instead of menacing
marital tiaiiiiiilllty, in many cases protects
it. It is tlte truth, but most people will
consider tho statement another mother-in-law
Joke.
METEORS MAKE IT HOT
At Least TKat Is What an Astrono
mer Says Our Own M"oteoro Sup
ply Somo of the Placo Whero
It Is Torrid
By GEORGE NOX McOAIN
ACCORDING to his irresponsible custom,
the sun is cutting up canticocs again in
tho matter of heat.
Prof. See, tho Government astronomical
authority, says that tho cause of this un
usual display" of energy is because of the
swarms of meteors that are falling into
tho sun.
It's not a new theory, though it is re
freshing. Bun spots, the Gulf Stream, the con
tiguity of tho -comet and other, shopworn
theories aro thus relegated to tho highest
shelf in the darkest corner of the astronomi
cal annex for tho tlmo being.
Far bo it that a layman should Inject
himself Into the controversy, but the Prof.
See hypothesis Is so interesting that it is
worth a brief examination.
Tho sun is so vast ns to size and its
capacity for meteors is so great that the
interest injProf. Seo's theory would havo
been heightened had he dilated on tho sub
ject even to a limited extent.
fTlHIS little old earth of our own is some
J. thing of a meteor grabber.
Prof. J. N. Lockycr, tile astronomer,
somo years ago estimated that not less thanv
20,000,000 luminous meteors fall upon our
planet daily. ,
This number, however, by no means rep
resents tho total number of minute meteor
ites that enter our atmosphere; thoso that
arc invisible to the naked eye.
It has been calculated that the total num
ber of meteorites, including those visible to
eight, should bo increased by twenty-fold,-giving
the grand total of 400,000,000.
And this number, It "is estimated, falls
on tho earth every twenty-four hours.
Every now and then n huge aerolite,
weighing tons, comes hurtling through the
Ml. Al .-Hl-ri.. ,,.. ,---111 -lit, A- A ,1.
or clso falls into tho sea or buries itself
deeply in tho ground.
Thero aro scores of authenticated cases
llko these. i
rpHB British etoamshlp Tropic onNAprll 6,
JL 1880. when off Cape Hattcras, barely
escaped being hit by a meteorite.
Captain Barber, In command, said the
wholo heavens seemed on firo. The crew
distinguished on incandescent ball rnshlnf
out of the skies directly toward tho Troplo.
It plunged .into the sea a short distance
away, filling the air with showers of tiny
sparks.
The object was as large as a balloon.
Meteorites figure largely in history.
In tho Smithsonian Institution in Wash
ington there is a meteorite weighing 1500
pounds. It fell tn Mexico in A. D. 1500.
A "sky stone" weighing more than C000
pounds is owned by the Royal Museum of
Stockholm.
Wiicn off the const of Newfoundland on
Janunry 2, 1800, tho steamship Gieadowe
had a mast shattered by a meteor which ex
ploded and scattered fragments over the
deck.
Hundreds of other instances might be
cited.
Iowa for years merited the name of tho
Meteor State because of- the number that
fell and wcro recovered within its boundaries.
A great meteor on 5Iny 10, 1870, burst
nnd scattered over a good part of northern
Emmctt County.
The cabinet of the University of Minne
sota contains a piece of it that weighs 170
pounds.
IF THERE are 400,000,000 meteorites
falling every day on the earth nnd their
heat and light are unnoticcablo by the ordi
nary individual, It is difficult to account for
the increased heat of the sun from this cause.
Tho number of meteors that will bo at
tracted to a globe will doubtless be'according
to its size.
, In the ense of the sun, owing to its vast
size, the moro vehement will be its attrac
tion nnd the greater the number of objects
that will be drawn into its extensive nt
mosphere. The See theory is not, ns stated above,
it must be said, distinctly new. It was ad
vanced first many years ngo.
One estimate advanced was that for every
meteorite nttractcd to the earth at least
1,000,000 would descend into the sun.
As these objects plowed their way through
the sun's gases both light nnd heat would
be evolved.
It has been a part of this theory that the
friction of the meteors which are continu
ously rushing into its fiery embrace, may
produce light and heat sufficient to nld In
the maintenance of-tbnt body's ordinary ex
penditure. IT HAS been supposed, according to tho
earlier exponents of this idea, that the
quantity of energy thus generated supplies
all thnt is wanted to explain the continued
maintenance of tho sun's light nnd heat.
Prof. Richard Proctor estimated that the
amount of heat that flows from the sun
every minute is equivalent to the heat de
veloped by the combustion of 000,000,000,
000,000,000 tons of coal.
Of course, there must bo allowances made
for errors of calculation.
Particularly as it is now affirmed that
thero Is n possible error of 100,000,000 miles
in the size of the star Retclgcusc, the new
giant of the stellar universe.
ASTRONOMERS nil along have been
puzzled to account for this continuous
supply of heat and light from our great cen
tral source.
The two theories, the meteoric nnd the
contracting, have always been the moHt
popular.
It Is supposed that by Its own vast at
traction the sun is gradually contracting in
bulk.
This condensation or "squeezing together"
would produce heat the same ns n falling
body.
Hut no such contraction has ever been
detected in the sun.
Jacob Reese, of this city and Pittsburgh,
also advanced a theory of his own some
years ngo which is almobt as difficult to
understand, if one isn't a scientist, ns is
tbj Einstein theory of relativity.
Rut here it Is ns he formulated it:
"All the energy exerted by the phenomena
which we call nun light nnd sun heat pri
marily comes from the potential endowment
of the Initial elementary atoms,"
It requires considerable explanation to
define what the gentleman means by the
above, nnd the use of Btich terms as dy
namic force nnd static force, tho physical
structure of molecules, the saturation of
space, nnd what not.
Then, after nil this, he sums It up tints:
"We thus reason that not n particle of
heat comes from tho sun. Not a particle of
light comes from tho sun. Nothing is
thrown out from the sun.
"Whot we cnll sun hent and sun light are
phenomena produced by the dynamic forco
which our cartli draws from the sun as the
gnat potentinl storehouse."
B
UT whatever the cnuso or whoever is
right. Prof. Sen or Mr. Rccfo. our at
tention to the nrcvnlcnt hent is held not hv
its persistence, but becniisc of the drought
which, in the 'Eastern States, accom
panied it.
Wo have had the "drjest" summer, in
more than ono way, since nbout 1807.
That eor witnessed tio dryest weather
for many a year before or since.
The drought affected tho whole country.
It wis accompanied by a water famine as
well. , .
Rut nfter all, wo of the Eastern States,
nnd Indeed of the entire country, do not
know what reul hot weather is ns com
pared with that extreme in other lands.
In Bengal tho extremc-hent has been 150
degrees. Horgu, In the Sahara, takes the
prize with a record of 153.
Persia hns had 125 ; ; Calcutta, 120; Cape
of Good Hope, 105; Greece, 100; Arabia,
110; and 8jnln, Cuba, China und Jamaica
trot along with 110.
We hould be thankful it is .no warmery
SATURDAY eJTOY ltf,
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia on Subjects They
Know Best
DR. THEODORE J. GRAYSON
On Free Higher Education
A TEARING down of the Chinese wnll of
higher learning, so that a liberal edu
cation may be desired by more nnd ac
cessible to as many as want it, is sought
by Dr. Thcodoro J. Grayson, director of
the Wharton evening nnd cxtrn-murnl
courses of the University of Pennsylvania.
"Unless," says Dr. Grayson, "provision
Is made for something more than to 'catch
the nearest way' to success nnd the earning
of n livelihood, the future is frnught with
grave dangers to humanity as n whole..
"For instance," ho muses, "a flood in
Colorado, one dark night in Mny, bereft n
world wrapt in sleep of a little multitude of
its most useful citizens. Among its numbers
were n distinguished physician, an eminent
lawyer or Judge, several kinds of cnpablc
engineer nnd a college professor of sorts.
"This led me to figure out, from motives
that every father of a family will under
stand, exactly how much it would cost, for
instance, theso days to turn out a first
class medical man. This Is easily enough
done, so far as figures nre concerned, but
management of tho result would be the
difficulty for tho father of a family to bur
mount. What an Education Costs
"From Uiis result, It appears that to
bring such a man tb the moment when lie
may hang out a thoroughly respectable
shingle of his own costs, under favorable
conditions, twenty-seven years of life and
some $1800 worth of university learning.
In addition, there will have been other
costs books, instruments, unavoidable ex
tras and a bite to cat during that time. Pro
vided ho may not havo indulged himself in
niutrlmony, children and such like frivoli
ties, the chnnccs are thnt at something .over
thirty ho may bo able to relieve ills family
of the major part of his support,
"Much tho samo might ho said for the
other distinguished men who wero taken off
on thnt fateful Mav night. The thought,
therefore, keeps intruding Itself that if such
holocausts happened frequently the land
must sooner or later come to a most painful
benso of want.
"In the case of medical education, for In
stance, tho best education is possible only
for sons nnd daughters of fairly well-to-do
parents. As nil the brains of the country
nro not nbsorbed by this class, it seems only
reasonable that every obstacle, snvo the task
Itself, should be TCinovcd fiom such an edu
cation. ,
s When World Needs Help
"As the number of self-sacritlclng -ou1b,
who would go to a remote place, spend their
dnjs in healing and their nights in the pur
suit of science Is small, nnd the world cries
out for help when it is a matter of life and
death, it is easy to see where the quack, the
empiric, the half-trained practitioner of
strnngo prnctices takes the place of the
trained physician in the land.
"We mny develop sound medical schools
that accept and train candidates of less pie
llmlnary schooling than our great universi
ties have come to require, who make first
rate medical men. But such- men will not
have the timo and the equipment to carry on
that patient nnd unromuueratUc research
out of which new science grows. Education
however elaborate and prolonged, cannot
make n great Inventive mind.
"Tho ignorant patient who has been re
licved of his pain by tho knife of the surgeon
would naturally think that he hud that sur
geoiwto thank. lie might nrgue that His
support should go for surgeons and no fur
ther. But j ou know that from the point of
that Burgeon's instrument leaps as it wore
from nn electrode the accumulated science
of the ages.
Tho Genesis of Results
"This knowledge has only been gathered
by hard nnd patient toll in the laboratories
of biologists, physicists and chemists in
the closets of mathematicians nnd the 'ob
servatories of astronomers. These men must
bo tjrfilned that others mav be relieved, yet
tinworld is not likely to hear of them and
therefore no immediate returns will be dis
cernible. "There aro economic conditions that can
crush the boul, jet the sufferer must learn
enough letters to spell out his misery. We
depend on science for our lives, but how
little of our life Is just living.
"There mav bo many reforms necessary
f?r all our ills, but to ray mind the first
should bo to make all the higher learning
free. The cry is, Where is the money to
F
1921
TAKING A FLIER
come from? But thcrols always money to
be had for necessary things.
"When I conic to compare the willingness
of people nt large to accept tho burdens of
forced primnry education with their unwill
ingness to assume tho smaller cost of free
higher education, this epigram often comes
to my mind witlt a new Impersonal meaning.
"Should we assume ns readily ns we do
that what affects immediately and obviously
tho muny Is therefore tho proper care of all,
but what shows Its first effects in tho very
few is safely left to few or none?
"I accept the princlplo of universal com
pulsory educntiou ns n principle proved by
experience, but I nm not blind to its dan
gers. Least of nil do I think these dangers
to be of the kind that clear themselves by
ferment from below and need no intelligent
removal from above.
"Edwin Markham snjs of his 'Mon With
tho Hoe' :
" nowed by weleht of centuries he len
Upon hie hoe and sntcs on the ground.
The cmptlnosB of asee In his face.
And on his back the burden of tho world.'
What the Stato Can Do
,."JVI!,n,t t,nn thc fcoverclgn State do for
him .' Ihe answer is, tench him ! The ques
tion, tench him what' Teach him to sec
his own condition Aomewhnt ns we see it.
No master teacher cfluld be found tojjet that
much in his head. No, but teach him n little,
forco him to learn n little, just enough, let
us say, to understand beforo we lenvo him
tho meaning of tho next lines of the poem,
to ask the tame questions:
" 'w,!2ima1S nlm .d'1"1 t0 rapture and deepalr,
A.YiJin,r !hiu "levee not and that noer hopes.
Stolid. rtiinnwl t. h.mh.. ... ..
Jho looMMicd and let down this 6rutal Jaw
Unoie was the hand that slanted back t
7
this
Vhosebbrejiih blew out the lleht within hla
"If he understands that much, no longer
s he a thing that grieves not nnd that never
hopes. He has learned at Hist to grieve,
but has he learned, can ho ever learn for
himself, to hope or think out n way to better
things? It Is not likely. More likely he
will turn nn eje of supplication to those of
higher learning than he can as vet even
dream of, and cry to them to think him out
of his life. And if we know no way to help,
if wo refute to study or help others to study
the way out, how think you tho last lines
of the poem will fall on our careless ears
somo day? As the poet sns:
'Oh masters, lords and rulers In nil iuj.
Is this the handlwSr'k JXu " to Ood
11,18 "'A,'"Lr",u,', thln.u,.lKom,l,and,
nds,
d:
nur.noh.,11 " v" ""u "OU1
&VtU!,r.o?,aU,i,,,!!hla 'h
nrhl?
will It be with kingdoms
With those who shaped him to tho thing ho
Wh'n .'it115 !!uml' '"ror shall reply i0 Qod
After tho slletico of tho centuries?' " '
Today's Anniversaries
18 10 Congress resolved to give ,i col.l
mednl to General Znchnry Taylor for hi
Victory on tho Rio Grand... r hiH
1857 Pierre Jcnn do Rernngcr, "the na
t onal song writer of France," died ii Pari,
Rom there August 10. 17S0. r Sl
1801-Gold reached 28S per cent, the max
imum flgtiie during the Civil War
18.7 A earlier pigeon won i' raco
with n fast express train from Dover to
London. . l"
1802 The President Issued n proclama
tion command na nil ner.rmu i ...' .. '.'..''
J. 7i ii "'" "'" ""memorial of nfumlos
l'erlldloui wronira nnd Immedicable T woes?
O mistem. lords and rulers In all un,!!'
How nm tho future reckon with hie man j
nrn'ffl,, ,rU'V'u'n t?.t "hour
world? ""'""" 8nal0 the
and with
In Idaho to disperse. ..rccuon
11)05 Lieutenant Peary sailed from New
1015 Panama Cnnal used for thc first
tlmSU,.y Y"'?'1 Htates battleships. "rSt
1020 In County Donegal two courthouses
wero burned by Sinn Fein. "'"tisca
Today's Birthdays
Captain Rnold Amundsen. ,ROoverer of
tho South Pole, born nt Snrpbbure, No?
wnv, fortv-nlne years ago.
Dr. Wlllliim D. Mnckimlp iireuM-i,, .
Hartford Tlieologlcal Senillmry.WSC
prango River Colony, South Africa h xtv
two years neo. ' NI'J-
ai'SucthcteyaSS
1 '
.1 T3B
SHORT CUTS
Navy yard vacationists are not etreuf'
for this naval holiday idea.
Because of his refusal to pay tax, tit
ex -Kaiser is in Dutch and on the carpet.
The lesson of a nation is the lenoa of
a shopkeeper: Ho cannot have contlnuW
prosperity unless his customers art pros
perous. Perhaps the burial three in a grsrt of
soldicTS who died for us is designed til
curtain-raiser for tho tragedy to be tttpi.
at Arlington. ' '
At the suggestion of St. Swithin, Jupt
tcr Pluvlus has taken a good grip on -If
watering pot.
"Rain Halts Milk Shortage." Hetd
line. No comment needed from this deput
ment. Mix your own.
Maybe St. Swithin figures that even if
Jupiter Piuvius proves him a fabricator of
yarns during the month to come, people, will
forget it long before July 15, 1022, rolls
around.
Thero are golf playerB at Van CortltnH
Park, New York, who wait four hours fof
a chanco to drive off on the public count.
Seems to us to be more of nn exerclit B
patience than a game.
Thc rum-runner, presumably, its at
objection" to newspaper talk about pirtn
ships. It may servo to divert suspicion from
what is said to be n lively trade betrrtw
this country nnd thc Bahamas.
Canadian Pacific Railroad train Itt
now equipped with smokers for women, tht
company .declaring thc equality of tht c
should be recognized In traveling. It Is It
mny be, but n vanity bag is a poor substitute)
for n hip pocket.
The President has taken a step towtrl
making our drenm of pence come true, re
marked thc Globe-trotting Publicist tp
provingly. At nil events, the second react
Conference (for thnt is what it amounts to)
will be free from the nightmares of RumIU
bolshcvism nnd German revolution.
Becnusc the Rocky Mountain locuil,
commonly called tho grasshopper, "",,I'
fondness for brun mash flavored with nrieniCi
El Paso, Col'., farmers have been able
exterminate the swarm that threatened wir
crops. Wonder If the Jopanesc beetle nit
a taste similar to that of the grasshopper!
What Bo You Know?
QUIZ. ,
Where was tho largest and most famoot
llbrnry of nnclent times? .,
Of what State Is Corson City the capita"
Who wrote the words of "Onward, l-n"
tlnn Soldlers"7
4 Who was Sir John Tenniel? ,
6. In what century was the attraction i
gravitation theory first propouniieai f
C. What was the middle name of "l"'0?!!
7. Whnt Instruments nre necessary to'"
composition of n modern orchestral
8. When did tho Byzantlno Umpire come
an end? . , , ,
9. Whnt Is the holy land of China?
10. Who is tho present Secretary of tin "
torlor?
Answers to Yesterday's Qui
A tabard Is the dlstlncthe garment -
hern Id. n. Hlnaveless cni6 or cioss.
2. Tho Breat siege of the frlmran war ' "
that of Sobastopol. -ventiiallv taken iJ
the nllled armies French, HnglUn na
Turkish from the Iluss ans. . .
3. The first aviators to make "on.''a,
fllKht over the Atlantic were Aic
and Hrown. In 1010. .,i-njlt
s. An f-c!lcol Ir n. letter for '''?, J!
circulation. The word Is uauallj
Piled to onen letters or bulletins oi "
6. PhllHs"Hvheatley wn nn Ajnerlcsn NM
poet, born In Africa. She was broui
to America In 171 nnd was VrtM
by John Whentley. of D"8tf,V0liJ
"i'ocms on Various Subjec s, M'
nnd Moral," wero published during n
visit to Iondon In 1773. wnrarln
0. Mont Illnnc forms with M?;! ft
heights nn Independent ridge
Western Alps on the 0""d"luyrnrfl
tween Franco nnd Italy. The sumim ,
Is In France. d y,. ,
7. The tune of "For Ho's a Jolly Oh0(1 r
low" Is that of sn old Jrejifh !Sl
song, "Mnlbrook s'en va-t-eii uu"rj,.
"MaUrook docs Off to War." nl,J
tho'' soldiers nfter the hatt e nr J"
War wfi
plnquet. Tho composer is """""irniHf.
8. The Uind of Cockaigne Is the Jmsfinaew
land of Idleness nnd luxury, .,-jlifii
e, jvrmur juoikucii " " -
oj Canada. .,
10, I'urreo In yelhjw .colorla wUr
India ana Cfcia.
J
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i av
.
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'-" ' J 1 i.'rtKA ,t.n!.tr.