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8
EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA', TUESDAY, APRIU 19, 192i
vv' f 'JU'i"
BE
m
K
H
i
Euening IfctbUc-Wedgec
" FUIILIC LEDGEK COMPANY
CVIll'S II. K. ClllTlS. rncstDENT
John I., .rnrlln. Vice l'manlanl and Trmnureri
CHarles . Tir, Seerrlarv, Chun ! II l.ej.llna
ton. Philip fl Collin, John 1 Williams, John J.
PpurRpon, Oforno V Qolilnmlth. Dwtd U. bmlKy,
rUtrrtoM
LlllTOUtAI, iinAIlt)
Cram II K dim Chairman
pAVin n sMii.nr. .. . .... .
.lMltol
JOHN C MAHTIX.. H-tn-rnl Huslm-n- Mantsvr
l'ubllihed daily at Pirni ie I.noe.Kn Itulldlnj
In.lnvnJ' nee Hiiuure, riillniliihla
A'umii' cm ;to(i.ciki imiMinn
Nnv Yoiik ... . ,1(14 M(i,n"n Ave
DCTnotT ........ -,ni IVM llullclinit
T. Lotus (tin Olobc-Urmoernt llull.llne
CniCAoo irifj Trilun llnlldliig-
. m:vs Drnnvfs
wisniNoiuN limrcu'.
N E Cor I'onnEvlvnntu, Am nnJ Hih St
" Yok lit nr.c Tho Aim llu'.I.llnr
J-onpon UcxKiV irifJiur Hull. ling
SI USCHIPTMN TCRMH
The UriiMMt I'tmii I.e.-nit 11 xeruM to sub
crtbers in 1'hlt.nl -.phlfi un.1 .cirruu'iitinic luwtm
at the rut' ef iw-Ivl. cll'ltems tci 'v.t.k paiilile
to tho cb i rlt ,
lly mall t i points cuticj of I'hllnil-lplila, In
tho t'nlt 1 Sinn L.tninti, nr I'nitrJ .".xto po--etKlnna,
pimUKn frr lili 'lio cm prr tnutilh,
till (It)) .ioliara ,-ier y '.ir S' at tc In mliance
To ull tur Inn enun'rlr i m (Ml l .llur a month,
JsOTIcr- Subscribers utfhinc .ejiiris dunged
must klv old aa well ns new udJtr,
PEI.l,. 3000 UVLMT KrTOM" MtS 3000
V Aildir'a all nmi'iHiilcaftoni 'u o"tdidii; t'ubtlc
Lf'tlftT ii.frtrrml' m r .u.jc VMladi H'
Member of the Associated Press
TMK ASSOriAIKn rr.'PSS i cjclus.rir.'i rt
titled to the tcir for trl iSilca'irtn of all tin. .
ditpatchri errtitrd to If nr mil o'li-riMf nrillfril
n (Ma wptr, an'. also thr Ual niwi published
ft.--,..
.ntrrin.
,1
rin.
II ritjhtv f npub'icartffrt of Aprt'iViI !patcha
herr
rhiUdflphiii, rufMljv, April P IQ21
SMOKE THEM OUT!
AT.l. tin ptuciiv h nf fi-iliTill, Mill" nli-1
lnnnii'iiml noMTinnriif iir" i miMinitly
lifini: rcfhii'il Mini mlju-lcil to li.uifiiit; nivl
Xinnilmj public nrnls 1 t i 1 i 1 1- ( nil
forts fi'i'l tin- flip o (if tliN iiu itnlilf ten
doni'v Tln'ir tiifr mlnui th' urri'it,
of tin it nwii iKift n-lpnt ioti in iniKn Hi'
Or-tinii AIhUc iiinoui; nil i utpiiriitiinis tin
unik'rlj ini( oimimmcs which tnkc lull t'nuu
opernlhiK cninpanlcs fur ltni' Knttiti-il nr
grabbed in tin- pnt vein iiumniii' fimii nu.v
Of the obllifntlnlit of progrctivc m ml nnl
economic lnus. They arc nlinvi' the crowd,
secure behind legal tichnicuUtics ami they
lnsl-st not mil) on their rljjlit to escape all
the respon-ibilitle.s which morallj are tlielrx
but to remain permanently n druus on the
life about them.
Thorp is a bill in the I.ecislatmo which
would plve the I'ublie Sn Ice Comiiilsilnti of
Pennsylvania a riflit to tejiulate the under
lyins trolley compnniLM of the l'. H. T
The elty nieanwhile l Miiiif before the Su
preme Court to prove that the I'ublie Serv
ice CnmmiMon already has the authority
which this same bill is Intended to establish.
The eit's claim is entirely logical. Such
regulation as is proposed would permit the
P. It T. to expand and better its service.
It might maKe a thc-ccut fare easily pus
iible. And it would biinB increased revenue
to the city treasury Technicalities which
make Mich benefits impossible ought to be
ditched.
THE EXPLORERS
rIS often diseoin ertini: to patents when
the spirit of exploration develop:, in their
young children. Thi is why the father and
mother of two little g.l-ls wete worried when
the children left home for church on Sunday
morning and did not return. The children
were taken back home late at night by a
stranger, who found them siting on the
steps of a house. They were wtllinp to go
home and they hac prmulsid not to "run
away" again.
Hut no one knows whither thm can keep
this promise. It will depend on whetlur
the desire to ave tlmr parents trouble i
stronger than their desire to satisfy their
curiosity about the eine f.ir from home
The spirit in them is the same as that
which moved Columbus to i ross the menu in
cnrrh of a new route to India. It is wb.it
aends men to the unknown regions of Africa
and South America It carried Magellan
around the woihi li mnvi Miiall hoys t"
etart for the West m ligijt Indian and
other small boxs to go to sea in a aip
Insatiable ouriosm is what has enlarged
the lealm of knnwltdji If we were all
content to ntny ipiletlj at home and amuse
oursi hi s with the things we know about
little progress would be made
Vet it is dirhcult fo " p-treiils o be patient
when tli' ir i hil'lren manner tin disposition
whiih has led men to all -orts of romantic
ndoawir. And they ni.-l.t nut to be patient
Children must sttn at h .me infil they learn
how to take . are of tin melvc-,. If tue
cun be indui ed t.i do tMx without the de
struction of tlie.r eunniitj about the remote
places of the woi .1 Mo v may glow up to
do something wort'i m.i'r
SCIENCE AND ROULETTE
AS UliNIKIi:i ami . i. ntiheallj .irnvi.
a prune as I'wr i undueteil a gamblinu'
house i Albert of M .iii.i. H who at n ed .'i
this country la-1 S ittinlnj The Vntinnn!
Academy of Si I'-ni e is uJs.. grave and re
erend It has iei ,ded that the dominant
member ..f t'io rmul hous of (iriTnn.di i
entified t i the highest honor at it d'--posal.
the Abtand'T Agasu gild nnl.il
The prince is to n uc lli.s deeo'atioii m
Washington n xi trih ite 'o ins tirelesh r--jsearches
in tl.i meterii.u fle'd of meaii
ogrnphy Not the le'lst ot the t.ir.J.llje re' Ills (if
these (ostl) iinetintlons ",. j t,. w charr
ing of ocean ciirrt-ii'- kn.w er'ifi th.cii m.
Immensely ibinble to : . ! . .n the.r
effortM to avoid diluting -i. ir.es during tlo'
war
Th .nan '..ut .'!. 'I. on .k ..t .I..i,-.
Carlo il'.f'o Ins iv is .mMvii ,t d'Mibt
The Nut una! A add . . ei.es appa--
entlv do's hoi i .re i t.g .i'., .t ;i rig n
nf the iii'iin - . I i i- 'oi.'ributi I o
fffectivelv t"i the sii , , . u.r 11 kno'.vl. Jge
Why sM.u'il if Mire'' I'Ht-.r.i.ife of t(,e
gftudv i 'as. no on th m.'ing I(ivlin wa
not and not on.i.u'- i
The ironist r.m jilnx u'h the suatH.u
to his a' id in ait's iii'ir. i; Um j 1 1 i s : ,
cannot altu- t' 'n. r fl.nt h .man follj ind
weaklier l.a" lei n . api'al 7fi to the hi ne
tit of human inl and the struggle it mai,.
kind with inliiule uaninil foni.
It w.'l time to p.oiit u ir ir'u !. n
folk nddii t' I t" gaming In gin to b-ng ibout
their h iri in ".Imic (be r. dill's ,,t tie .o
So far no s n h iniplii "f pri e i iiH-nnji-r
WHY RUSSIAN TRADE LACS
OKCIM-IAHY lIl'iJUUS iidmiriibii fne
O ulty of di-pc'liiig in lonl, dispiihsii.ii, ,i.
and telling wordK the cloud- of illusion and
misconception luih not In en rpiealcd more
effectheh than in his letter to Samuel
fJomperh itaidiiig the ltiissi.m trade situa
tion ltuss in pn'ii icthltv Is ut low ebb
Jtiissian ii'dit is perilmislj clouded. Itus
iian speii.' available for interi hniige of
goods is Imnic't in unnMint
Adini--1"!! of thcMe fari, which are
familiar has .n some iiiarters been accom
panied I" ''ic iii cus'itioii that Me are at
fault f"i Ho wit coiidinons of which we
complain "f Hitise dillii ultiih the lilocknile
has liei ii ' ailed the root
Till iiiignt be a telling iiiguiuent Were it
truthful I!ut .Mr Hitgl.es specifically
poltlth Oil I thill sill'O tin iiilii lllmoii (,f
treaties ot j..nce ;th ilo- Haltii stiites
ItusHia has been frc to trade witli JJurupe
and the I'nited States
"Kestrictiuus ou dlrwl trude with Itus- '
'In," lip recnlN, "were removed by the
nited Ntiitct on July S, lll'.'O." ntnl wince
then the volume of trade has been "unim
portant, due to the failure of Uusslu to pay
for Imports."
It would appear, Jhercfore, that Ameri
cans who are indifferent about being paid
fur what tliey'lunc for snle can ship to
Kussln anything ntul as inueh us they please.
This Is a tet of altruism for prrKotw who
lament our refusal to open formal relations
with a bankrupt and stngnntit concern.
THE ETERNAL COMEDY
OF THE POLITICAL GAME
Now That the Legislature Is Ne.irlng
Adjournment, the Partisans on the
Side Lines Are Rooting for Keeps
Nl
'OW that the session of the Legislature
im ,.1 Ifu l.tul Inn tin. tio.ttili. tf tltn utnt.i
.. .... ,.-. ...-. ,..! .... i" ..t... s.. .... ,-....s
are being treated to the kind of spectacle
with which the crowds attending college
games are familiar. ,
When the runners in a nil e approach the
goal trie rooters for the contestants of the
different colleges jell their heads off to en
courage their man and to rattle his opponent.
The runners In the Hurrlsbiirg nice are
the Sproiil-Crow men and the Penrose
lirundy men.
The Important bills that hne been in
troduced during the winter are still awaiting
approval. They bae been held up until the
contending factious lould line up their
forces. The past weeks bine been occupied
with conference after conference among the
friends of the (loernor and among the
friends of the senior Senator. Plans bine
been laid for reciprocal favors when possi
ble, and where thi has not been possible It
will be necessary to await a showdown to
see which is the stronger.
That is nil there is to it.
Take the hullabaloo about the increase in
taxation for example. Senator Penrose has
expressed the opinion that It would be inex
pedient to levy any new tuxes this year.
Mr (Srundy agrees with him and so dots
ew-rj other man on whose property it is
proposed to levy a nevV tax or to increase
an old one. .Mr. (iriindy is speaking for the
manufacturers of whose association he is
the head He also speaks for the corpora
tions, whether they be manufacturing tor
porations or what not. The ngctieies "f
publicity which follow his lead are becoming
oliible in their protest against the Sptoul
Crow program of "extravagance" and
against what they allege i the Sproul-Orow
plan to build up a new state machine.
Much Is made of the announcement by the
new auditor general a Uruiidy man who
takes nihil' on May 1, that he will abolish
some offices and sae the stute $17.0011.
This is ( iteil as an instance of the desire
of the I'cnnise-liruiidy combination for
econotn. Nothing is said of the economies
which liovernor Sproul effected two years
ago, "tie of which was tin- abolition of the
position of health officer of the port of
Philadelphia.
The way to cffeit real i coiiomles is to
demand them nil along the line. This news
paper has s,iid many times that there is in
defensible etraag.ince in Ilurrisburg. No
well -consider! d plan has been adopted for
a i ('organization of the stnft department
and for the elimination of useless jobs
The few jobs that have been ubolirthed have
not saxi'd much money .
.Mr Lewi, the new auditor general, may
saw $17.1100 a year, but what is $17.0(1(1
out of an annual budget of $."U.00u.MJ0 or
!?i;i).U!0.UlM?
The truth of the matter is that there is
not u politician "f inlluetiie in the state
who is willing to risk the linger of the
backers of the job holders in llarrisburg.
This,, job holdeis an- part of the political
machine This machine must be kept In
working order whetlur the taxpayer!" suffer
or not. And the 'haltering now going on
about the program "f extravagance adopted
by tin- prul-'row people is engaged lu
to hold th" lViiroscliiuinly people together
and to give them Mimithin: to talk about
Special attention has In en given to th"
1 irge amount of money needed to carry "lit
the Piiiegun . flool progiam. In an attempt
to di.cniiit the wJiole eilii'iitioual program
there h.i- been tn" ll""u endowing tho
superintendent .,f pupli- instruction with the
pow ers of j i .ur.
'Ch" truth is thul th'r.' is no intention I"
put u czar's crown ..n Dr. l'mcgan" worthy
hem! Hi would spurn it not only tli"
thrice of Cijerar upon l'"' Lupercal. but
three tin.i's thrici and with such unmi
tukal'le emphasis that no one would think
of o'T'Ting it to bin. again.
All tint I'r. rinegan i seeking to d" i
to m-ei.r' money t Hough to provide piopcr
schooling for th" children of the state
d inng a reasonable number of day in th
ciir This .nnnot be done without mono.
If the politician will not economize by
i.i..lisl.ing the needless jobs and by prop.r
.. inuiii all the money required for tin
., ho"ls could be obtained without much in
upii." in taxes then the money must be
found or the s-tnte will still suffer from the
ixin.miin "f allowing innny of its ihildini
m grow' up illiterate. It is more impor
tant in any intelligent system ..f govern
ment that money b" found to provide edu
cate.!! for th" child! en thnn that it b"
i' .'ind to pay the salaries of political work
en in i-iifl snaps in state jobs.
If t'ao-e who are attaining the l-'inegan
program persist m their efforts they an.,
l.kely t" raise an iss-je which they . annot
down at will. If tin x.-t-rs of the state,
women a- well n men. are Hilled upon to
decide whether they wisn to spend th" pub
he money t. maintain politic nl timelines or
to spend i' to educate tne bojs and girls,
thire i an I"' no doubt of tne oulmii.'-.
The linMrtlol know where eolli'llliis
can be .ff" t"d H" innde soi f ili'-m at
,e In ginning "f It's 'ir.n Hi- prhan- .""
,., t.irx was tin se.rdarv of a mu.n.issiou
Mhi.ii mi's!" a suivcy "I tn- .!.. govern
l.illl to .lis. over rt llll' phli i s . o .1(1 be -ilml-
i.l. d .vit1. pi.iht t" the taxi'iivers. '1 ue tinal
-in "ti '!.' appropriatioii bills is with the
i,.,M'iiioi. II' ' aii cut down appropriations
nt wii' ami fori" the ihpiirtineiit beads to
live wi'hin tne iiiiiouiit he is willing they
s'lu.ild have, no tniitter vvnat sums may b"
lix.d .ii tin- bills sent t" him. H" knows
'hit i.e ha this power and hi' knows and
the 1'gisluiors know that he can use it
ag.r.u-t too-i men who attunpt to block his
plat, for the school and fur the highways,
iii d fcr tin constitutional somuitiou und
f..e ev.rv other item on his program.
Hep. .its from llarrisburg em t'i indicate
that the lpgislatots are beginning to reali'
that thev must pai soii.e heed to tne men
who .an icio their ptt lulls, for it is tin-
t.oiin "I that it has be. n ligr 1 that new
revenue mens ires viehling SPJ.dOO.iilld a
year ill" likely to be passed and thai a
much larger amount "f this sum than was
thought pos-ible a tew 'veeks ago will be
net aside for I ne s' j.ool
As the week pusses the public is llki'h
to hear more of i oiuproiaises gtowing out of
a realization 'lmt the wish" of the Covernor
must he rrhpcitcd When the tumult and
the shouting die 11 "ill be possible to tils
cover how much the people have won as a
rcHiilt of the sipinhbles am mg tin politicians
MEDICINE AND POLITICS
rplll'". Woman's Mcdnul ( "IKe ot tins
-L mi deserved far more from the State
tliiui it riceived vislenlaj, when the sun
of an api'iopriatlon lor which It askr I wan
cut in committee from Sl.00.00ii to $'.T,,(l0O
It is fceldom that a valid clulin U received
with fo little intelligence nnd ho little grace
nt llarrisburg, The Woman's! Medlcnl Col
lege is one of the best known Institutions of
Its kind In the country. Quite unobtru
sively it render a great service to the sick,
to the city and to women who Htudy medi
cine. Hut its directors and its faculty
know a great deal more about medicine than
they know about politic and the gentle art
of lobbying. Their college hod few powerful
friends in the Legislature. And the merits
of a case do not always count heavily when
legislative iippioprintlon lire being con
silient!. BENJAMIN REFLECTS
A bronze stntuo of Franklin, made In
Ilnltlmore for the city of Wnterbury,
Conn , wua lecelvcd with ceremony In
l'hllnilelphla and conveyed with pmnp to
places unsocial! d with tho naino of the
great philosopher nnd finally to the grave
In Christ Church llurylng Ground before
II was moved to llurllngton, N. J . yester
day, to bo transported to Its destination
over tho route which Franklin followed
from lloston to this city.
So: THIS Is where we are burled ! Time,
as I often said, masters all thing. The
sione is so gray and worn with rain that 1
can hardly read the letters of poor Deborah's
nnnie. Hut there is u little grass left here:
Just a little, in n city that once was very
green Instead of trees there re towers
nnd buildings larger than the pyramid.
Thi delights me bccntisu all must be going
well In our common affairs. Otherwise such
thingn (otild tmt be. because it Is hard for
un empty bag to stand upright.
Never In all mj life did I Imagine such a
tower as that upon which the people have
placed the statue of W. Pcnn. I am con
vinced that the virtue nf modesty and wis
dom and love of peace nnd simple honor
govern the live of those who, representing
the people, choose to do nucli grcnt honor
to an honorable and peaceful man. Surely
the cotistiiution Is still In actual operation
and enlightened government is achieved,
though In a city built a thi Is 1 cannot
see how a man cau lly his kites.
Nothing that I have seen so impresses me
as the ships that move so quietly upon the
river without sail or oar. I venture to
believe thnt nt last a way has been found to
Imprison a whale below for motive power
a scheme that 1 myself dreamed much over
in my youth, though I never was able,
what with politics and such, to do more
than make some notes and draw some plans
so rude nnd Insufficient thjit I dislike to
think of them now.
Never did I ride in a ship t-o wonderful as
thnt upon which our wnggotiH vvie put
iidoss the river, yet It rides no more
smoothly than the coaches of the gentlemen
in this procession. I am minded of tiy own
hope to make a conch to move without
horse by mean of a colled spring and of
my failure to find a means to wind up n
mechanism of the required power.
So much is strange nnd bewildering that
were it not for the two rivers nnd the way
of the street I should hardly recognize llns
city as mine own. One thing disquiets nu .
There never was a good war or n bad peace
Yet all the music and it is almost con
stant is of the sort that Is ordinarily
intended to .all men to battle. Afoot in the
long proi essiou nre soldiers with musket.
When these Colonies were made free nf
Kngland we believed thnt the last great
war had been fought and thnt rulers hud at
last seen the wisdom of permitting men to
work nnd live in pence. I should like
greatly to get down from this waggon and
talk with the burgesses and the overseer
and ask them whether vvnrs nre fought any
more and, if the) are not fought, why
soldiering music is so large a part of their
public celebration.
We are coming now near to the place
where Ci. Washington made his crossing.
A courngeuu man but obdurate und, 1 have
always thought, too prone because .of pride
to do otlnr than bear his troubles dud anx
ieties in solitude.
This nver, too, is noi green any moie. I
remember well how greatly I rejoi. ed In it
stillness and tiagranc" when I lirst set eyes
upon it 'I Washington remembered it
with t( nderness 1 the days of his inter life,
and I am sine that the people who live by
it now never cease to think .f it with love
because it was interposed as if by High
Piovidence to serve them in u time of gnat
need
At various places I have beard tnlk of
liberties withheld and of restriction of that
freedom that we sought vvi'ien 1 told .leffer
son that we should all lmug singly If we
did not hnng together.
All this I am prone to regard as ulli gos
sip It does not seem reasonable to in" that
anv people would sacrllice f n cdoiu after
having had a hundred year and more in
which to leain to esteem it benelits.
Perhaps in New Kngland I shall bam
whithei any one ever followed up ilie ix
pertinents that I begun with my kite
THE PRODIGIOUS BOLIVAR
rplll! .er.er of Simon Itolivar. in who-c
memorv alt equestrian statue wl.l be un
veiled in New York todny by I'm st.. nt
Harding, severely fractures th" ordinary
rults ot probability.
Within recent yinrs Prof, llir.nn llitig
ham. of Yale, organized an expedition t" re
till"' the route taken by the liberator from
Angostura on the Orinoco across th" rough
and lofty Cordilleras to the uplim.! of i "
lombia where the republicans ginm d th. u.--cisive
victory of Hoynea in 1110 The con
clusion of till" scientific IllstoliCII s'Hii.y
wn that Itolivar had hi ' nmpli! i d some
thing little short of the mlriiiul.'i u f. nt
taxing to the utmost the nuthoiit.ii.ve nnd
carefully considered resources of tne iunei.ii,
explorer.
Yet the dm mil of the illiistu.. s s.:1I
American who contributed the vital s,,,n, ,,,
the iiiiisp of Venezuelan Indepi in.i i i,
April IP. lhlil oddly enough the miiomi--snry
of th" battle of Lexington, r. p et.
with romantic piodlgles equal to 'n, ,,p
ISovneu The mere journey nnon.p h. 1 ,v
Itolivar and handful of undaunted jnttiit.
-l.igger the imagination quite .ip.iu from
their milium aspect.
I'.cfon tin rcciit construe tii I t . i,,i.
wav from (lUiiyaqnil to Oiilto a trq from
the i on( to the capital ( IJiuadoi va-. no
i. lean undertaking. Vet the d.ishii n Itoli
var ranged throughout the vast fn,u ifi i ilt
we tern and northern regions , i South
Ameri'ii with a dazling speed ;.il i ..n,
pellmg political and military i iimi. on
the base of the admirable statue nf I to ivur
adorning the i harming Utile pin.a m ( nra. u
that beats bis nnme is the iiisiiipti n "To
Sin. on P.olivar, liberator of Vui.ue . c,
loinbiii. Pciiador and P' ru and fomi. t ,,f
liiilivia " Condensed in the niaj. sti pi, .
i-h wording Is a sum of aclin i in. i,t with
few Historical parallels Th. '.i..,i om,
analog has hen drawn, but It l uii.ttiibl. ,
The extruordinury Itolivar e an L.tnih h.
said to have expressed the imiioi ,! lu
The loiintrles In whii h his lierv en. tg.... ..r,.
devoted contain' cl a thin upiici -'cunm ,,f
civilization The numbers of a. tlv. i..oiii
tionlsth against tin Spanish tvraniiv v ere
small ; and although Sue re Pncy mid i,
time Miranda, wre brilliant zealots ln the
i ause, Itolivar in a sense was gov nnueiit,
constitution, army and generalissimo
Thnt the cffulgciiie of l.ts .ii-,', r ,
darkened by doubts of hi iiilmlnistiuthu
(iipaeit), b suspicion of inuitv unci yen
brulallt Hie fact well known by those vvho
are nl all familial with his stun m,,
taitllM, ii may be said, were those of what is
Miiuetimes called a 'i)" iiiu.n
S'orth An.iT.. aiis will alums ixp.iimic
some difficult tu i-'oupreheudiug rilmon itolivar.
NEWSPAPER ERRORS
Two Standard Alibis Always Avail
ableMore About Comets Pe
culiarities About These Mys
terious Visitors From Far
Spaces of the Universe
Ity (ii:oit(!K NOX MrCAIN
TI1KHI2 nro two stnndard alibis for al
leged newspaper errors; In one the party
qunted declares he didn't ny It i tlic second,
it was a typographical error.
I'sunlly in the first case the Individual
quoted Is a liar. He got cold feet when he
saw his words ln print and then blamed
them on the reporter. In the second in
stance, "typographical error" may mean
anything from an unintentional reportorial
blunder to a proofreader's error, or the
piiug of a handful of type.
This i preliminary to a statement of mis
quotation that comes under neither one of
the above heudings. A telephone error
ditised a news editor to quote wrong figures
lu an ill -explained correction.
On Saturday in this column Dr. Samuel
(Jooilwlti ltnrton, professor of astronomy in
the I'tilverslty of Pennsylvania, was quoted
as saying that Winnecke s comet might come
as near a "tiO.OOO miles to the enrth.
The comet fins nlrcndy been sighted nnd
will he In the vicinity of this sphere of ours
some time ln .Tunc.
Dr. ISnrtnn did not mention "fiO.OOO miles
or anything like it. What lie did say was
that the nearest, It was estimated, that n
comet had ever come to us was 1.400,000
miles. IJven that was problematical.
The ToO.OOO miles credited to Dr. liar
ton were originally not miles at all hut
dollars and had to do with an entirely dif
ferent article. The writer nt one end nnd u
news editor ut the other end of a telephone
wlie misunderstood each other, and the
iiiibs were turned into dollars und the dol
lar Into miles.
This explanation is made in the hope of
ameliorating some of the contempt ln which
pure science unjustly holds newspaper
science.
It wnsn't newspaper astronomy. It xvas
merely nn excusable blunder,
TT I-T11NISHKS, however, a text for a
J- few additional remarks on the subject of
comets.
If comets were Intended, ln the occult
scheme nf nature, as portents of wnr, pestl
lencc. or the death of princes or presidents,
then nature has frequently slipped a cog,
or grent events have been pulled off ln ad
vance of the dates set for them by tho gods
of war nnd horror.
Particularly, It is claimed, they fore
shadow great international wars. Another
error.
The war of 1S70 between France and
(termuuy was one of the bitterest conflicts
ever waged, hut no comet heruldcd It.
The war of lhOll between Prussia and
Austria came without any warning from
the skies.
The grent struggle between Uusslu and
Turkey, which ended in the liberation of
Bulgaria, had no comet to Inscribe Its fiery
handwriting upon the walls of night.
It Is true that a comet did appear ln
1.S74. the first that amounted to anything
in size ami appearance since ISO'.!, hut the
llussn-Tiirklsh war didn't follow for three
y tars
That interval knocks the props from
under that particular superstition.
IT IS unfortunate for astronomers when
by a ci ident or design they were misrep
resented in the centuries past that there
was no one to stifle the lie or reverse su
peistitiou's story.
The greatest cometary scare thnt Kuropo
ever knew, perhaps, occurred In 17711.
Prance was the country chiefly uffectcd.
It was due entirely to a rumor thnt
Lalande. the celebrated Prench astronomer
niul mathematician, hud predicted that a
comet would strike the earth lu that ycur,
Lalande predicted no such thing
The rumor was based on the announce
ment that he would rend a paper before the
Academy of Science on "Uellectloiis on
Certain Comets Which Can Approach the
Parlh."
Voltaire got a lot of fun out of the epi
sode. He wrote a letter about the comet
which was so full of delicate irony and
keen satire that he succeeded In laughing
the comet si are out of existence.
Al'KW interesting facts about comets are:
Some have tall niul some are without
them ; at least they are so small ns to be
prai tlcully unnotlccnblo
The tails of certain loiuets shrink or
b ngtheii in size with Incredible rapidity.
The rate of motion In comets varies In the
most wonderful way. Kin ke's comet, which
appeared lit ISllN, had slowed down to one
half Its speed since it was hrst discovered
in IMv
Some of theto celestinl bodies rench the
inconceivable hpeed of 100 miles u second.
The Um dame comet of lV.I.'l, on the night
of duly 12 in that year, had an appendage
or tail thul stretched out for millions of
miles like u single streak of fog.
On tlte following night the tail had split
tn two, one of the most lemurkable fea
tures ever noticed in such u brief period in
lek'stlal bodies of this class.
Till; nucleus, or head of a comet, has a
diameter varying from a grand mass of
six or eight thousand miles to a minute
point not exceeding a hundred miles.
The tall, ns regards magnitude, is by fur
its most imposing feature.
Its length is seldom less than 10,000,000
to 1.-1,000,000 mills
It frequently nnehes M, 000,000 miles.
In several i uses it exceeded IKi. 000,000
miles, or the dislain'c of the sun from the
unlit.
There is not much danger to upprehind
from a collision of the eartli with u romet.
lu 1770 u comet known as I.exell's got
tangled up among the satellites of Jupiter.
A far ns could be oscei tallied by telescopic
aid it did them no hurm, though its own
motion wus changed.
One of the reasons for regarding comets
as gaseous envelopes surrounding a much
smaller dense or residual muss Is thnt stars
seen through the head of a comet 100,000
miles in diameter do not lose their luster
to any appreciable extent.
WHAT are lomeUV
Astroiioiueis today have divided opin
ions upon the subject.
The lute Itiehiiid A. Pn tor onntindcd
that comets were masses of a matter thrown
off from hcnvcnl) bodies by eruptions of
some sort
Professor New Ion held that linnets origi
nated in outer space and not within the
solar system
Comets which ur" now members of our
system have been captured by the uttruitive
forces ot the planets.
SOMK very queer things huve appeared In
(onnectioii with these visitors fiom the
tields of illimitable space.
Clieseaux's comet of 1771 had six tuils,
an anomaly which nevertheless must obey
some law.
Wilinc'ke's i timet, the one which Is now
swinging through space in our direction, in
1S77 threw out a tall lateutl equal in
length to the primary one nnd making un
angle of sixty digiees with it.
I'echule's comet, which uppeared in ISO.
had besides the normal tail another about
the snme dimension diiected towurd the sun
There is more mystery iihout comets than
about any othei of the celestial bodies.
In the last I'll! Ml years some of them huve
appeared trout the vast distances nf the
universe, swung into our ken, blazed for u
few months and then swept out of view
never to return nguln.
The Lexi'll comet, which appeared lu
1770, and whose orbit was calculated by
Ic.xell at a period of five and a hulf ears,
disappeared and was never seen nguln until
rediscovered by Hrooks, of (,'cncvn, N. V.,
in vii.
Thev derive their name from the halt
like appearance of their tall, "kometes" be
ing the tiieek for loiig-hnlreil
And the cry btlll re-echoes, "Holes, get
'the jjionejri"'
j.TU'l. Xt U
WW" mSr' S2$?lSP
I
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Tallcs With Thinking Philadclphions on Subjects They
t Know Best
COMMANDER R. W. KESSLER
On Service to Navigators
WHAT the gctierul public know about
the hydrographlc office nnd its rela
tion to navigation Is probably little or noth
ing, nnd to ask the average citizen just
wjiat service this otlice extends to mariners
would be another conundrum for him to
answer. Con-'unnder It. W. Kesslcr, head
of the local h.vdrographic otlice, outlines the
principal duties of the otlice nnd the service
renilerid mariners so that it is easy to see
that the bydrographle department to mod
ern navigation is as important as the ship'.
anchor or any other of its integral parts.
Commander le'ler emphasizes the Im
portance of hydrogiaplitc service to both
the nuvy and the merchant marine inas
much as it provides the charts, warnings,
Information, etc seutial to safe naviga
tion. .Many gieat sea disasters art aveiteil
by ibis service, and its value to followers
of th" sea and shipping Interests is inesti
mable. Its fuither value to the navy i
apparent. Commander Kessler is u linn
believer in the I'liited States hydrogiaphic
otlice uniting witlt the International Hydro
gruphle Itureau in the lo-openitlon of
worldwide service to mnilnrrb.
Knr Sufely of Vessels
"To Insure the safety of our naval ves
sels and meicliant marine they must be sup
plied with accurate charts of all vvuters
Into which such vessels muy at any time
lie called ou to go, a well as the cor
responding sailing directions, imutlrulliiiokh,
eh .. and all other information and knowl
edge which can he collected that tends to
assure them navigational safety at sea
"The principal otlice for supplying this
data is under the control of the Navy De
partment and I known ns the hydrographlc
iillicc, located In Washington, with biunch
liydrographlc offices in various coast and
luke cities.
"The functional duties of the hydro
graphic otlice fire to supply our lighting ships
and other units of the navy with churls of
the high seas and of fmeign waters, with
accompanying Information of all kinds
necessary for safe and efficient navigation.
It secures from the coast und geodetic sur
vey, which ii under the Department of
Commerce, (hints, etc. covering I'liited
States tetritorlnl waters and tide tables of
the entire vvoild, and front the Lighthouse
llureau. also under the Department of
Cummin c, the light und buoy lists of
I'nited States wutcrs und issue them to
naval vessels. Also to supply information
und keep the 'hints of all kinds collected
to date for all waters of the globe.
"Additional duties of the hydrogniphic
otlice ate to produce and place ou sale at
cost of production, for the benefit of our
merchant inniine and other navigators in
general, chaitH of the high seas and foreign
waters with ihe assuiance that the infor
mation Is dependable for the correction and
revision of their charts in accordance with
the latent available Information.
Needed Warnings Issued
'The issiinnce of warnings to all iissels
wheitver they may be, changes dangerous to
navigation or tin cxi"teiici of wieolts, derc
llcts, Ict'heigH ami the like, when It Is pos
sible to reach the vissC.s, is no small part in
the duties of the olln e.
"The hydrographie olln e supplies its
branch oflu es with a complete file or charts
of the world, sailing directions, light lists,
etc,, which aie kept uiriff ted to date, wheni
masti rs and other ollicets of vessel may
compare their charts and sailing directions
to assure themselves thut they huve the
latest rorrictions.
"Shipping agents and others inteiesteil
can obtain lufoi million regarding distances,
conditions ot navigation, waters, facilities
of ports regaidmg depth of water, docking,
i ('pairing, fueling, bin bar regulation und
pilotage. Cmri'it tune cau ulso be obtained
dally, as tin Naval observatory sends its
noon ink to all branches.
"The blanch olhees r dve lor issuance
to the maritime public the following puhll
cations, free of charge: Dally Memos, which
contuin reports of Impoilaiit dangers to
navigation and any changes of navigational
murks , the Weekly Hydrographie Itulletiii, a
summary of inhumation contained in the
Dally Memo', Wiekly Notlic to Murlurrn,
containing all Information that leads to
changes in churls, sailing directions, etc.
This tells what charts and books slum hi be
revlsdl and cbnngeil und gives thu exact
phraseology on the necessary change.
"The navigator Is thus kept Informed of
tho latest changes in hydrography, in lights,
buoys und nuvlgatlonal marks. Without
this tho navigation cliaits and publication
STILL AT IT
In a few weeks would cease to give suffi
ciently accurate information to enable him
to navigate his ship lu safety.
Pilot Charts Monthly
"Pilot chints of the North Atlantic,
North Pneitie mid Ccntial American waterK
are Issued monthly. Pilot cIiiiiIh of the
South Atlantic South Pticillc anil Indian
oceans nre Issued quarterly. These pilot
charts assemble all the meteorological ele
ments ot the kind lu which navigators nre
interested and nautical Information having it
titled bearing on safe anil speedy imvi
Siitlon, such as ocean tracks, trade winds,
wind und ciiinnt. storm nnd lain. Hues nf
magnetic variation, Ice observations, ludio
stations and other useful information.
"This publication Is greatly In ilemainl
bv all navigators, and is highly praised by
all.
"It requires about l.'OO different navi
gational charts lo cover the mitigating
waters of the globe. A coiiipaiutlvel few
nations have surveyed ami produce these
chin ts. lireat Hrltaln leads ln this work,
und our shipping bus lo depend on her for
about IL'00 charts. The Coast and lieodetic
Survey produce about li.'iO charts These
charts cover the territorial waters of the
United States. The hydrographie olhce sur
veys and produces about -7-0, which cover
foreign vvuters mid the high sens,
"It I. the duty of tho hydrographie office
to supply complete sets of churls to our
naval vessels, getting them hum its own
supply, const und geodetic, und buying
others fiom Ihltish ohait agents. The
hydrographie office furnishes to authorized
agents for sale at cost its own publication,
und usually thee agents also have on sale
at cost the coast ami geodetic survey charts.
In connection with tlte navigational charts
the navigators must be supplied with light
lists which give n detailed description of
the lighthouse striiettlte. etc., of the power
and character of the light itself. .,f the
power find character of the log signals, etc.
".Sailing directions must al-o be supplied.
They cover much information that is im
possible to show ou a (dinrt, such as the
general wind and weather ditiuiis. cur
rents and the rcsoun es of the dlflerent
IKirt.
"fiiildc Ilnoli" nf the Seas
"The suiling (Unction lire to the mm liter
what the guide book Is to the truvelei oil
land. Piich blanch otitic has n complete
set of these sailing directions for public
use and shipping lntucsts.
"All principal maritime nations maintain
hydrographie offices under the jurisdiction
of navy deput tineuts, and in ihe summer
of llllll an international hydrographie con
ference was held in London, and ft out it
has sprung un International llydtograpbic
llureau.
"This country has not a yet signilied Its
union with the othei m ibis luirc.iu. but
the matter is now before the goveininciit.
It Is probable that an uiiuoiiuceuieul if its
Intention to unite with the bun an will be
made soon. Thi buruiu will establish close
nnd permanent association between hvdro
giiiphic scrviic to co-ordinate their efforts
with a view to lemlerlug navigation easier
and safer in all the si as of the wot Id
"Marliieis aie leqip.sted to send infor
mation lo the hydrographie office or it
blanches of conditions encountered on their
truvels delclieU ot ,!,,,.,. bsH nciiou
sighted, currents eiicounteted, facilities of
ports visited or other infoiiuiition of mili
tary or loiiiuiercial value. Hinnk arc fur
nished for this pin pose by the bruiicli
offices. .Most niarineis and shipping Inter
est avail themselves of the ciinllniioiis
sM-vice .mil mfoi ination furnished by th,.
liydrogiaphic iiflici s Those who do not
should and are invited to fake advantage
of the service,"
The hydrographie otlic. in Philadelphia is
located on the main Hour ,,f tin- llourse
adjoining the Mailtiuie Pxchaiigc. ' '
Lloyd (ii urge's coiitentioit that he is
neutral in the Turco-lireek rumpus sug
gests thut neither side is going to win any
thing. Not a few North Americans ii'iiiember
Itolivar as an elephant. Timber south on
this continent It is it trim Colossus thai 1
recalled.
So lar as (ieimuuv is concerned, it
look us though tl. ,,,,1 (lf Alll , 1(l
followed by the mouth of .Musi.
eprlas?111 ,S B '"" "8 BprluB duy lu tbo
. .. ...-3lJr!Ztr si:. -J...J..
Humanisms
Hy WILLIAM AT1IEKTOX I)U Pint
TIir.KK are being Inaugurated at the pott
of New York certain regulations which
have to do with a more careful handling ot
those precious packages which immigrants
bring with them when. In preparation for
the grent pilgrimage, they sort out the be
longings thut nre neurcst their hearts.
This extra care of Immigrant bundle
originated in the office of thesccrctnry o!
labor, down in Washington, Mr. Davh
himself is responsible for it. And It all goes
btu I; to u happening of forty years ago.
The father of Secretory Davis was t
Welsh Ironworker and came to the Puiteii
Slates, worked feverishly und saved cnouith
to bring over his xvife nnd six children. The
mother possessed two feather beds which,
according to her standards, were foundntloa
stones in the establishment of a home. So
she Hindi' bundles of these beds and added
to her responsibility for six small children
the tusk of tiking cure of them cm the
journey ,
Hut in the confusion of landing the feather
beds were lost. The blow was a heavy one
to the iinmlgriint mother, marred the hap
piness of meeting her long-absent husband,
th" glory of the great clay of arriving In
the land of the free.
An Italian scientist who hnd spent some
time lit Kngland und was getting on fairly
well with the language was among the
speakers on a somewhat crowded program,
says l)r. Kenyon Hutterlleld, president of
the Massachusetts Agricultural College. He
began this way :
"I shall not cockroach on vour time"
and paused apprehensively. "Cockroaci,
henernnch. what should I suyV I get your
Kitglish genders so mixed."
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1 ThroiiKh what country does most 0f the
courso of tho Orinoco river lie'
2 ln what century did Mnrtln I,utbr llvof
3 What Is the middle name of Colonel E.
SI. House?
I. Who was Adnn It. ChatTee"
G On what d.itu did the b.ittlo of J'.xIniloB
occur?
, What am two other names for the 1 land
of Yup?
7. How often does the Swiss republic elect
u president?
S. What Ih the meaning of tho 1 renoh
phrare "hors de combat'"'
.' Ihivv should It bo pronounced '
0. Whut I pyrography?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
t .Mclvillu W Fuller was the immediate)
predecessor of Chlet' Justice White In
the Supremo Court of the I'nited
States.
: Samuel Sullivan Cox fn.4-18S9 was an
Vrnerleaii politician und author He
n presented Ohio in Congress for (ill1'
years and New York for (veaten
years and was minister to Turkey
188G-C. A gorgeous piece of des. rip
the vvrltlns'. published In the StulJ"
man during his nHtorslup. caimd f"
him tlio nleknuruo "Sunset whirl
cluiiK to him through 1 1 fi
ll Constantino tho lireat, Itotnan en.piror
lUnii in tii.. init..r ivfi ..!' in., thlrn und
ii i m ii 1 1 ii in- inn viinu, jnui'int .i----
Ihi'il In th liUUT part ut the thlru und
tho first imrt of Hip fourth -entury
. t' t 1 17 Will"', in r mI-
ie Alhuinbru Is a citadel and pilaw,
founded In the thirteenth century on
i hill domln.itliiK the city of UraniuU,
v i . in., .i... .- 'ii:
i Th
.Spain, ny tlto .Moorisn icum" "
siruciuri. Is leiturded an the fluent '
ampin extant of Moorish art and cleco
ration The naniti AIhm"r.i Is from
the "Arabic "al-liuinrn," red houaa
D Jean Pierre lie Ueraiiger was a f.imoJ'
Flench lyric poet He was twice im
prisoned by the Kovernmei.' for nil
libuiil political sympathies and xl'
Ills dates are 17S0-I8KT
t. I'.ilenco Is earthenware and porcelain of
till kinds The nanu) Is dcr'vtd .from
Faenza, mi Italian town note" 'or '"
vrtrtbeiiware.
7 Iitiijamin Franklin's most du ' ontrl
butlon to medicine was tin r v nlicin
fot his own use of bifocal ii ."
S lltruoiill was tlie name of an i luMrlou
family In the uitimls of s. uiu n
cam iKlimlly from Ai'l,r",
aflervvaid settled In R.isel ""' "' ?,
The most celebrated of lite Uernnuaj
wile Jacques, Jean and lunlfi "'
lit bt named was born In 1HI '""'
in 170.'.. Ill the curse of " ''J."',,,!
tilth! ini'iiibeiri of the ileiiioull rani" J
successfully cultivated muioih ,,n"'.
of innlhematlcs and eoninbau" I""1
e i fully lo the a Ivallft "f 'eiii
!' I'elbl Is tlte capital of India
He Tabasco sauce takes Its n.in llr'"V,
puppet u from which the eondlnieni
picixired, which are grown In tho'
of TubaBCo in southern Mexico
(.
14
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