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EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, .SATURDAY, MARCH 12, 41921
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"" PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
criif s ii. k. cuims, rumpist
Chirlti It, Ludlngton, Vlc Prldntt John C,
t.5.ttln,..Tr'"u,'r' Clirl A. Tyler, Secretary
rnlllp B, Cnllltit, John I). WlllUmi, John J.
fivurceon, Oeons F. Goldsmith ri.vld E. Bmllex.
rlrMor.
UDITOntAI. HOAIltV
Crncs II. K. Currm. Chairman
PAVin b, PMii.nr r.mat
JOHN' C, MAHTIX, ..Oeneral'lluMiini'Manater
I'ublliheJ dally at Fraua Lra-iiEit UuUdinc
Inileneiidenco Square. Philadelphia.
ATUMlr citr I'ress-Unton Ilulldlni
Nun- VoK ,i4 Madlon Ave.
nfrnoiT 701 fori! IlulMIng
r. I.OCIS 01.1 (Jlotx. democrat Ilulldlnf
Cnicoo 130J 7Vtbul llulldlnr
NKVVS ULT.GAVS
Wisni.soros Hour
K. U Cor. lVnn)Innla Ave. and Ufa St.
JriT Yokk m nut The fun Uulldlne
IrONPON Henr.m Ixndon niH
. SlUSCnil'TK'N TUUM3
The Ctt.Ni.vn Pent 10 I.ci-or.n li n! to ml-
crtberi In Philadelphia and aurroundlnsr tuwnn
at tho rate of tncle (IS) cents per week, po&bl
to the carrier,
lly mall to point outtd of Philadelphia. In
too United Stat . Canada, or Cnlted Statu pas
n.nna, postaae free, firtj I.V0) cent per month.
Blx(lfl) dollar per 'r. payable In advance
To all for.ljn countrle nn (fl) dollar a month.
Notice Subscribers ulhlng nddrens chmsed
must a-iv old as well an n-w address,
DfcLI.. JOOO TTALNLT
KF.YSTONV, MAIN 3000
ID" Addrtsu all cetnmuntcaHons to Kirnlnp Public
Irtdpf Independence Square, PMIrtrfi-lr'tii
Member of the Associated Prcs
THE AHSOC1ATL1I VHESS rxctusW'lu en
titled to the inr or rrimMtcallO'i of all ir.rt
4linfchr eri-rttlfrt fo it nr not otheruse cr'ilif-rl
in thla vapir. and alfo the loortl neiri published
therein.
All riohtu of reputiHratlon of special dfspnfcJiej
neredi firr olto relrvfd.
w, ... .
Thilidrlplila, lurdir. Mirth 12, t921
PENROSE AND HOOVER
Tllll (lifti-rcnccs of mind and t,mv,rnmc,nt
bptwei'ti Mr. I'tnroxe out! Mr. Hoover
were rlIdly Illustrated in the contrnxtlnR
pronounoenients Issued by the two men us
commentaries on iireent industrial condi
tions in the I'nited States find ns definitions
of political nnd economie policies supposedly
remedial. Mr. Penrose repents what lie has
been snjlnp for jears and is content. (iie
him tariffs high enough und "rigid economy"
In government expenditures and lie will feel
assured of continuing proiorlty. It hap
pens that the largest direct expenditures now
being made by the government nro for nnnn
ments. How we may economize there Mr,
Penrose doesn't say. He views the country
ns nn economic unit, ns fin Industrial entity
complete nnd independent.
Hoover, on the other band, sees virtually
all civilized peoples as interdependent groups.
He perceives in the United States definite and
lamentable effects of the continuing waste,
idleness nnd confusion in Europe. To him
peace between the various countries uow
virtually at war nnd better human relation -ships
in industry are more Important than
tariffs high or low. Hoover sees ns nn im
mediate nnd pressing need a. new system of
human relationships In industry a system
that would make settled peace nnd steady
production certain nt all times. He has
aicaln seized nn opportunity to express his
dislike of a condition of affairs under which
millions of able-bodied men walk around In
senrch of jobs, while other millions suffer
more or less acutely for want of the things
that these same millions could create.
Determined efforts to make wich intolerable
contrasts unlikely or impossible in the fu
ture arc pretty sure to be directed from the
Department of Commerce. How successful
will such efforts be? In looking for an
answer to (lint query It is worth observing
that the elaborate an honest schemes of
conciliation and progressive adjustments
in the whole scheme of the country's indus
trial life formulated under Hoover's inspira
tion nnd with Mr. Wilson's nid nnd sanc
tion hove thus far done little good.
The Hallway Labor Hoard is a pretty good
example of what has been happening. It was
formed to prevent just the tort of confusion
that now is approaching the point of crisis
on the railroads. It reflects the Hoover
theory, though it is n sort of by-product
of the Eseh-Cuinmins law. Hut it is with
out power to enforce any of Its decisions
finally. And it is still regarded in Wash
ington ns a sort of ornamental nppeudage to
the government, nn experimental thing not
to bo taken too i-eriouslj. Largely because it
is so regarded, the Hallway Labor Hoard has
not been functioning with great success.
Railway men nnd rnlluny managers alike do
not hesitate to regard it and its underlying
purposes lightly when they are so minded,
though they maintain a courteous enough
front.
Mr. Hoover's general point of view is
Adequately suggested in the Railway Lubor
Board. Mr. Penrose's point of view is re
dected in the attitude of mind of those who
still seem to believe that it is Bomehow silly
to try to prevent disastrous strikes by u rea
sonable nnd peaceful method. Mr. Hoqvcr
looks to the future. Mr. Penrose hns n com
placent eje on the past. It is not likely that
n Congress that has always been happy to
follow Mr. Penrose will revolt suddenly to
accept the gospel of Hoover. Hut it is tafe
to predict that Hoover will find ways in
which to make Congress s't up nnd take
notice. He isn't the sort of man to stop at
obstacle.
PALMER'S MONKEY-WRENCH
EVEN now the countrj nt largo doesn't
appear to be aware of th pos-ible con
M'tpiencos of the dry or rather, the wet
ruling written by Mr. I'almer In the last
hours of tho Iemoer.ilic administration and
It ft like a monkej -wrench in the machinery
of tho prohibitum enforcement ofhc The
clauses in th" VoNtead net which wi'e Mip
posed to limit the manufacture of intoxi
cants other than whisky are lrtially de
clared inoperative and unenforceable
When it is nmi-iiibi n-d that enforcement
of the dry law umt b gin at the point where
alcoholic beverages are manufactured, unless
government efforts to abolish the liquor
tralne are to be wholly uselc-s and farcical,
the scope iiikJ s gnLlicanre of Mr. Palmer's
filing cun b understood. The Vol -.tend act
mih one thing and the attorney general
said another.
There nw eoms to b no way in which
the free Mile and manufacture of beer and
wines con be iven restricted. I'or, onco
bnverngH supposed to be banned were (low
ing freely again in the wholesale markets,
millions of enforcement agents would bt- re
quired to prevent their sale openly or under
various pretenses to all comers Endless
confusion will be caused by the Palmer ruling
jn all parts of lh louuirt. Ai.d there is no
vet or dry who ur the prevnt moment could
see the end of it with n telescope.
THE DAYLIGHT BILL
FINAL acuoii ou the Kdmonds duylight
Mivmg bill in the Lcgihluturc is expected
rnrly next week The fute of the mensure
Is uncertuin. Put there cun be little doubt
tint a poll of the state would show 7." per
cent of the population to bo heartily in favor
of the plan by which all people could begin
und end their summer working day nn hour
earlier than usual in order to have additional
time for rest und recreation out of doors.
Tho farmers and their representatives,
whose detei mined opposition to the dajlight
waving rule prevented Congress from making
the longer summer day a uatloual institution,
have bud a fair hearing at Harrlsburg. Their
tcstimoti) was not convincing to an impartial
mind. Jt was plain that an unwillingness
ratio r than an innbilltj to readjiiht the
Working schedules of the farms to the new
th I'lingemi'iit cii'is il them to line up in
opposition to the I'Muioiids bill.
It lins hem salil unit the ii'int lor dm light
.,. ,....,., t i. cities und 1 In- con,,. And l '' n ' 'i,i., .-1 - 1 , I. u . . . j - -...u-
iii-cas. lUiut ia not fla wuctttejncatotijHiuJi iik UojucUc .urobhau izftte-JMcuwiaiuiwa.
the case. The fight is between the farmers
and tho people who do Indoor work In .the
cities nnd the unnllcr towns. In Hnrrlsburg
it has narrowed down to a powerful lobby
representing the farmers and a few other
self-interested groups and representatives
who desire to do n logical and liumnne thing
for the people of tho whole stale.
THE SHINING EXAMPLE
OF OBERAMMERGAU
If the World Were Moved to Do Penance
for Its Offenses Industrial and Inter
national Peace Would Be In Sight
THE news comes from Obernmmcrgnu that
the residents of thnt Havnrlan village
are considering n revival of the Passion Play
next year. I.H.st jenr was the time for It, but
the presentation of the play was postponed
because of the unsettled condition of the
country.
Every one knows the Ftory of Oberam
mergii". In the early seventeenth century
the valley In which the village lies was vis
ited by the plague. The people regarded it
as people were wont to regard such things
in tlirtxo dnN as n punishment for their in.
When the plague was stayed, they in
their gratitude registered n vow thnt they
would represent the Passion every ten ears
forever. They have kept the vow with as
much faithfulness ns is humanly possible.
That vow has made the villagers into hon
est, devout nnd kindly folk, each man.
woman nnd child living in such n way that
he may be regarded as fit to take a part in
the representation of the great tragedy that
changed the current of history.
In these sophisticated days we arc wont to
smile indulgently nt the simple folk who re
garded the plague as a visitation from (Soil
for the punishment of the sins of the people
We do not think in theological terms nowa
days, as people thought in the ngu of faith.
Hut these seventeenth century Ilavnrinn
peasants were more nearly right than we are
wont to admit. The plague was a penalty
for the offense of the people If we do not
wish to use tho thcologlcnl expression aud say
it was a punishment for their sin-.
The offense, or the sin, was ignorance of
and indifference to the common sanitary prc
uiutlons. Some power, call it what you will, always
indicts n penalty for this kind of nn offense.
It cannot be escaped. Tho laws are Inexor
able. The mistake, fo fur ns there was any mis
take made in Obernmmcrgau, was in think
ing that the plague was sent as n penalty
for violation of what is narrowly called tho
moral luw.
There may come a time, however, when
the moral law will be regarded as broad
enough to cover nil such Ignorance as pre
vailed then : and disregard of the rules of
hygiene will be condemned by the churches
ns sin, as it Is now condemned by the state
as an offense against the common weal.
Hut while the peasants of Obernmmcrgau
are planning to repeat their net of gratitude
nnd penitence for the staying of the plag)ic of
nearly three hundred years ago, one loos In
aln for any evidence of n disposition to
recognize the great plague of war from which
the world has lately been suffering as a
punishment for its offenses, and one searches
futilely for any adequate preparation for
gratitude that It has been stayed, to ay
nothing of evidence of penitence for tho
offenses which brought It about,
Germany, we nre told. Is the sole offender,
nnd she must be punished to teverely that
she will never bo tempted to repeat the
crime. So far as the immediate evcnts arc
concerned Germany wnf. responsible. She
Miv things which she wished and set out
to take them by the btrong arm of force.
Her course was wrong just as wrong a.s It
is for a man who sees his neighbor's wealth
and breaks into bis house at night to Heal
It. And Che must be punished as we pun
ish the burglar.
Hut the crime of Germany was the crime
of greedy nations since organized states first
came into being. Alexander of Macudon
wns guilty of It. Caesar of Rome boasted
of his success in taking what he wanted
for his countr. Napoleon of l-'fance made
of this kind of burglary n fine art.
Caesar and Alexander, however, lived be
fore the great events depicted in the passion
play had happened. Those events lifted into
the consciousness of the world n new stand
ard of human conduct. It is not necessary
to go into the theological phase of the ques
tion. Judged merely from the point of iew
of expediency, the principles laid down in
the moral law arc the best guide for nations
nnd for men that has ever been formulated.
DUreg-ira of them is alwajs punched, in
one way or nnothcr. The execution of the
heiitence tiuiy be delayed fco long ns to make
men think that it has been forgotten. Uut
when they least expect it the blow falls.
In a very true bense the late war is the
penalty mtted out to the world for its dis
regard of the moral law. n disregard of
which till the nations invoked In that war
have been guilty In a greater or less degree in
time past. Our own bklrt.s are not clear.
Neither arc the skirts of Great Hritain,
France, Italy or Japan.
Wo have been wont to beast of the integ
rity of our purposes nnd to cite what we
have done as an example to the rcit of the
world.
Hut as a matter of fact there was more
thau nn epigram in the recent remark ot
a writer in the Atlantic Monthly that we
have never gone out to seek an thing which
we did not think wo needed.
The disposition of each nation is to regard
ituelf us nn exc-ptiun and in defend its
courwi fs jest und righteous nltogttlier. Hut
this is becnuoe there b not in the nations
that sense d' moral icsponsibilit winch
stirred the henits of the Oberammergriu peas
ants to iKMiitencc in I'l'lll.
There is no way out of the intenuiiionul
or the national problems save over the road
marked by the mile posts of the moral law.
Tlu detei mlnntion to establish justice
must precede the formulation of any
ud'sjuato plan. Yet we find nntins in
sisting that in certain matters thry alone
fluill be the judge of what is just or not.
We find nations becking to control the un
developed places of the world for the profit
of their people, regurdless of the rights of
the inhabitants of those phues. They go
out and take from the defenseless that which
they think they need, and then the) wonder
that conflicts come
Conflicts cannot be avoided when there i
n greedy scramble for the nehis lying
nround in sight. Hut every looting expedi
tion, however euphemistically it ma. be de
scribed, sown the teeds of retribution for
the looters; and every injustice curries
within It the penalty.
Lincoln pcrcehed this whin he reminded
the country in the course of his ru-cund In
augural address that "If I Sod wilh that it
I the war) continue until all tin- wealth piled
up by the bondmen's 'J.'O ,ears of unre
quited toil shall bo sunk, and until evcr
drop t'f blood drawn with the lash bhall
be paid by another drawn with the sword,
ns was said .1000 5 ears ago. so still it must
be said, 'the judgments of the Lord nre
true and righteous altogether.' "
The outlook today would be brighter if
the htntcsmen bungling with the problems
before them had thought down to the bottom
of the morals of the great catastrophe with
the wreckage of which they (,ri. dealing.
There Is not a Linmln among them ntid
they do pot appear to pci-crd,,, that there
is any Mich thing as 11 moral order in the
universe.
more complicated by the war, who has any
clearer vision. One group ot society is
nrrayed against nnothcr group nnd each is
exerting Itself to the utmost to prove thot
the other is in the wrong. This is true in
the United States as well ns in Europe.
And so much dust is stirred up that no one
seems to see the guldcposts.
If it were possible for the whole world
o adopt tho point of view f the Havnrlan
peasants of that seventeenth centnrv vll-
1 Inge nnd confess that Its troubles were but
me punishment for its misdeeds nnd then
take n vow forever after to live in nccord
nnce with the rule of loving their neighbors
ns themselves nnd of doing to others as thev
would that others should do unto them, I't
might in time find Itself filled with people
earli seeking to be worthy to act n part In
depicted the redemption of tho world from
war and Industrial strife.
NEW USES FOR PO.ETRY
SI,u!rn?.P0.P,tri' "V'" ""I" "lt brll"
printed page at this time of the vear l
usually written In December. IVts, too
fcl rTl,IC.r "l0 ;v,l,m" of mnr,,,s nn'''
ike the folk who design jour neckties, they
hnve to work far In advance of the direct
demand. That may fa why stvle, lvdc
rfwnirju rcv?,,1,,B so mnn- evidences' of
nrtiiicinllty and change.
There nro minstrels who still rn Rpr tllP
authentic sound and sense of resurgent life
Into their stuff, but theyaro growing fewer.
And It was one of these honest-to-goodness
poets who recently declaimed in print an
objection to the newer styles in song a
wharhn'l".! ?rtn"W''S "'Cory to explnl
what he calls the decadence of the lyricist's
art. Spring poetry, hP contended harshly.
t Ln,i!!.n,f r rprinB pnctr-v' bfn,!c 'ost of
t is written by women. In the work of the
modern women poets n poet who obviously
Lnl!'. ,,Mnl'"n'1 ,in,,s mnr" than
signs of ineptitude and insincerity. He finds
nctunl races of indelicacy nnd a rude tovlng
with allusions not whollv proper.
J? 1 ""V?1'" therp nPI'r-nrs to he some
ground for this nninzlng indictment. It is
to be found chiefly in the free verse beloved
ny almost all the younger poets. Jn the old
days spring verse told of willows and flash
ing brooks and butterflies nnd a sweet, in
definite ache in the writer's heart. Hlunt
frankness is the fashion now. To be u
modern poet in the truo sense you 'must be
or pretend to be pagan. Pagan verse Is run
n ng pretty wild nmong the advanced poets.
The singer moved by spring-or by the mem
ories of spring that can be kept warm until
December chants of a desire to go forth
upon sunny hills, there to break one or more
of the Chmmnndments. Thus the great Urge
is supposed to be adequately revealed. Free
verse written In this mood usually presents
a spade ns n spade. It often bristles with
forbidden words. And it is trite thnt It
.sometimes assumes Its most reckless forms
under the hands of women writers hero nnd
abroad who have become skilled and noted
leaders of the Ver&e Cutters nnd Welders'
Lnion.
For ourselves, we never were wholly averse
to the new schools of poetry or ready to
reject free verse ns n form too trivial and
easy to bo called art. Free verse at Its
worst has one great virtue. It has brevity
find directness. It Is sharp and unadorned.
It has what yon might call edge. Any otio
who ever has tried to get the meaning out of
a political speech or n treatise relutlvo to
economics or a party platform never can
share the hatred of old-fashioned poets for
the new. If, for example, the spokesmen
forthe railway companies were to present
their case In free verse. In tho penetrating
terms familiar to Amy Lowell or Lola
Illdge. they could make themselves under
stood in no time. Tho facts thnt Mr. After
bury and his nssoclntes have been trvlng to
reveal to the country inexorable ntid rather
dreadful facts would not continue to appear
like almost indiscernible forms clouded in
mist. Mr. Gompers. bad he tho pecullnr
talents of Miss Lowell, might have put more
real meaning Into n few inches of free verse
than he put Into the several yards of the
recent "labor platform."
Life would be far more diverting nnd per
haps simpler in many way., if congressmen
nnd politicians, economists nnd group lead
ers In Industry could boll down their stuff
ns rigorously as any good free versifier docs
One can fancy a railroad president with gold
eyeglusses and a white vest using before a
congressional committee, clearing his throat
and, as the advocate of higher rates and
lower wages, barking out something like
this:
"Dark and fierce :
Unescnpable ;
The shadow of debt
Clouds all
Our days.
Our hearts wither
Our hands fall :
Ahead
Is nn open nvwieh
And ditches ;
And Uompers.
Old Stone-Fiiee Gomrjem
Doesn't want us
To turn off
The steam I '
Mr. Gompera would not remain silent.
In his turn he would spring to his feet nnd
the newspapers would suy that Mr. Gouipers
said :
"I sco a fos
And dark shapes moving
In the fotf
Doing ndrolt
Mysterious works
They spin their on fogs
These InWslble powers
.So that wc
.May not know what the
Are doing.
Klrst, and above .ill things
Labor demands
An untl-fog law I '
Fancy Hiram Johnson free-versing in the
course of the debate on the Colombian treaty:
"For fifteen years
From their hlsh mountains
They cried out lies
About Thcodoie Koosep
About the Krevtest IcadT
That the world has known
Since Moses!
N'ow they want ua
Us!
To pay them JL5.000,00"
Hecause they have doiii.
This thine!"
Congress will never adopt the net virse
form for its speeches. It would save tou much
time. It wouldu't know what to do with nil
its leisure.
INTERSTATE MOTOR WARS
SO LONG as the Legislature of n Mute
regards public highways us precious and
exclusive possessions to be guarded curefullj
from the outside world, friction such ns bus
been constant for year between the highway
departments of New York and New Jersey
over the question of motor rights will con
tinue ns a sort of public nuUuu"-.
Jersey started the trouble by requiring
all motors that travel regularly in the state
to cirrj Jersey tags. That decision wa
made without recognition of the value of
heavj tourist and motor trallic to the general
business interests of tho stale. Until it was
promulgated reciprocal courtesies .vvcro gen
erally observed between the two stntes.
Ordinarily, a motorcar with a license from
one state may travel and reinniu indefinitely
in almost any other state. Hut Jersey con
tinues to enforce n sort of exclusion law,
and now the Pennsvlvnnln authorities have
again determined to hunt down machines
with Jersej tags that appear more than
mi".- n week in this state without I'eiuisjl
van in tic,'s.
The theory of reprisul -i ems foolish in a
LITTLE THINGS OF LIFE
How the Infinitely Small Ministers to
Man's Comfort and Reveals the
Universe Demerits for Let
ter Carriers Bonner Back
Home
Hy GEORGE NOX McCAIN
JOHN HRASHEAR ouec showed me n dif
ference of one one-tliousaiidth of an Inch
lit the curve of a. lens he was grinding.
It wns twenty-five years ngo In his plain
little half-underground workshop on the
Perryvlllc ronll in the hills above Allegheny
Citv. f
The mere turn of n screw caused n three
legged miniature tnhle-likc structure to
wabble on the convex surface of the lens;
and that was the meusurc of the almost In
finitesimal. Rrashear, who died n year or more ngo,
was n liberal In the way of religious belief.
He was an astronomer ; the mnker of nstro
noinlenl aids and Instruments of precision.
lie nnd his wife, for she wns a real help
mate, literally moved among the stars. He
fore he died lie gave utterance to that won
derfully beautiful sentiment when' speaking
of his approaching end: "We (meaning his
wife and himself) have lived so long with
the tnrs that vvc nre not afraid to go out
Into the darkness where they nre."
WHEN my friend S. L. CSabel. of Nnrrls
town, sent me n little envelope of curious
tilings the other day, that experience with
Dr. John Hrnshenr came instantly to my
mind.
For Mr. Gnbel is, like tho great Pittsburgh
scientist, a maker of things nlmost micro
scopic In size : of wonderful delicate end
filmy trifles ot metal, though Hrashear
worked almost exclusively in glass.
All the world of the technically untrained
and unscientific the Intelligent muss, so to
speak has rend with wonder of the dis
covery of the size of that monster sun of the
celestial universe, the star Hetclgeuse, 300,
000.000 miles In diameter.
More wonderful still to the lay mind Is
the fact thnt its size wa" determined by au
astronomical calculation based on an angle
the most infinitesimal known to science
hnlt'n wave-length of light.
And the nvcrngo light wave length Is al
most 0.0000U of nn Inch.
The objects sent me by my friend Gnbel
would compare with this as n lead pencil to
a 00-Inch castiron water main.
And yet they arc curious. Moreover, they
nro useful, Indispensable articies of everyday
manufacture and commerce, products that nre
mado by the mile and sent to the ends of
the world.
They nro known ns tubes of precision, in
steel, brass, silver nnd other metals.
IT IS not strictly in accord with exnet truth
to say thut S. I. ISabel is the mnker of
these curious tidbits of crucible and mill.
He Is the directing genius, the pre'sldent of
the concern thnt spins them forth like the
ribbon from n conjurer's mouth.
On n white strip under my eyes runs n
strand of metal. It is about the size of a
small silk thread. It is of steel, nnd it is
n tube, n pipe, as perfect as n gas or water
mnin.
It is .01-1 of an Inch in diameter, or seven
five-hundredtlis of nn inch thick.
Inside of it runs n wire that is smnllcr
still. It is also of steel and looks like noth
ing so much ns 11 tiny hair from a baby's
head.
It (the tube) Is used In the manufacture
of hypodermic needle needles for the in
jection of the most minute quantities ot
serums, antitoxins nnd even toxic fluids,
where un overdose might prove dradly to the
victim.
In nickel silver is another tube or pipe of
the same dimensions. There are others
ranging up to .018 Inch in diameter used in
electrical experiments ; and then In brass
they attain the thickness of pack thread,
,()'2i of an inch.
These nre the delicate tubes required in
the manufacture of pyrometers.
And these tiny, fragile products of the
world of minute things are turned out in
grent workshops where rolls grind, wheels
spin und machinery crashes.
w
ILL II. HAYS, the new postmaster gen
eral, has announced his intention of
"humanizing" the postal service. "Husl-
ncssizinc" would perhaps be a better term,
to invent a word.
And there is no better place than Phila
delphia ln which to start the process.
Not that tills city is uiiv worse, possibly,
thnn any other, for I understand the same
system and rules ns applied to the delivery
of mail prevail in cverv other city where
postmen tramp their dally round.
t'nder the Hurleson rules the letter-carriers
ani subject to the discipline of "de
merits." They nre black marks for failure
to perform their duties within certain time
limits, und for other infractions.
Thus, nt least In the lesidential districts,
letter-carriers are on 11 time schedule. They
must deliver the mail over their respective
routes within n certain time.
If they fail to do so they arc subject to
demerits. And 1000 demerits in n scar
menus dismissal from the bcrviccj
DO THE folks in residential sections real
ize thnt tinder this ironclad nrrangement
the delivery of their mail is often held up
from three to four hours?
Everv postman strives to cover his route
and deliver his mail within the prescribed
time; that Is, if he is honest, conscientious
and efficient.
Hut suppose he finds thnt. owing to the
amount of his deliveries or to storms or other
unavoidable causes, he cannot cover his
route, does bo finish his work or jump ti
trolley nnd get back to the subohVe to save
the dnaded black mark?
What would you do under the circum
stances? The mull matter thus undelivered Is held
over until the next round. Then if tho num
ber of packages is as large as on the first
round, some other pait of the route is
quietly skipped and the houses missed on the
first round are served with their delayed
mail.
NO BUSINESS, whether private or pub
lic, ran lie conducted without a well
organized s.vsteni; the pnstotliee service par
ticularly. But when the svstem is curried to the ex
treme of interfering with the public service
it is time to start 11 refoim.
The harshness of Mr. Hurlcson's methods
hns been 11 subject of lomment and con
demnation for 5 ears, lie was the task
master of the Wilson administration: the
slave-driver of demoeincj.
In the case of letter-carrier." who have
grown olil Hi me service, oo, inougu sun
efficient and good for service for jear.s to
come, but perhaps not so sprv nnd nctlve
ns vounger men, the inflexible rules arc not
onlv a hardship but a terror.
Philadelphia has not vet forgotten Sir.
UurlesonV obstinate stand on mail tubes.
It is bad enough to underpay the postmen
without subjecting them to such regulations
nnd in addition compelling them to slight
their worls.
JAMES B. BONNER, chainnau of the
steel distribution committee of the war
board, has been in town vbitiug old friends
for the last few days
He was the czar of the steel business dur
ing the war. . '
if Mare Island Nuv.v lard, on the Pacific
eoust, needed 11 ton of sheet sti'el, or the
now depot at Peiisucohi, Flu., lequlred
30,000 rivets, they could oulv go forward to
their destination after J. U. Homier hud
issued the order.
When the Allies on the field of I ranee sent
rush orders for tons of barbed wire for (n.
tnngleuieiits and other defetises Iiouucr bun
dled the order.
Once in a whirlwind rush ( Icmenceuu.
premier of France, personalis sent u rush
order for fiO.OOU tons ot barbed w ire.
There wam't that much on hnnd in nil the
depots between Philadelphia anil Portland,
Ore
Bonner was on the job. lie knew where
every mill was locntcii thnt coulil rum out
the wire, the solder, the "barbs.'
Within ten hours mills all out the
h p et ork. nnd in 11 fe-v ilai. l-i
land
lie it
. i, b gun
joumuO.
i jjuii to mow ivn.ui'l i-i t.o. A
-J.U-
BUT
.- r-iSSSsTStWavVWEjr- .tfii'ISPsTH " 'Ml I MMil I I III 1 HlMhW 1 1 I
....V"'-" r v KfUSVjV-'YmC, .STCrSKZSPflHMSHOKKaHBffiSres-
i&'-' 22x&' --- ---i ""- .rs" V.,,i
.'"""jTZ&m;
!r?
EA
te'izr-i
rsm$&---' k
r""j'-'s:r.'j 1 .-s
,!..:;.'- v-srt.--
mEggs&tgz
5-"ter?;
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadclphians on Subjects They
Know Best
E. L. OLIVER
On Unemployment Insurance
THE solution to the many problems arising
from unemployment in this country Tests
in tho establishment of n system through
which tho workers of the nation will be as
sured compensation during periods of indus
trial depression, in .the opinion of I-.. L.
Oliver. Instructor in the department of
geography and industry of the Y hnrton
School, University of Pennsylvania.
After nn exhaustive study of the conditions
which bring about business lulls, Mr. Oliver
has become convinced thnt they will come in
spite of all efforts to offset them. He has
also become convinced that when they come
chnrltv is not the proper cure for tho dis
tressing conditions which follow.
"Statistics have always shown." Mr.
Oliver holds, "a relntion between crime and
unemployment. The prevalence of crime in
Philadelphia today undoubtedly Is due to the
shut-down of industry, but of course we have
no figures to prove it. It is too enrly yet to
expect 11 compilation of the number of persons
who are actually out of work 111 this city,
but it is probably safe to say that JO per
cent of the city's workers arc without any
source of income.
Shown In 101-1-15 Figures
"We have, however, figures to show that
during the period of industrial depression
dining 1011-1.-) In twenty-one largo cities
there was n grcut Increase in the num
ber of murders, suicides, robberies olid other
things that come under the head of crime.
It Is fair to attribute this increase, directly
to uiicmplojincnt. nnd it is also fair to blame
tho growth of crimo nt present to the condi
tions existing as a result of the collapse of
business. It should be of interest to every
one to know the solution for this state of
affairs. The answer Is uncmplojment in
surance. "I'neinploynieut insurance is n scientific
iittcmpt to prevent unemployment. It is
founded on the idea that nn unemployed man
is u public liability und that it is the duty of
the state to minimize the conditions that
make his existence possible
"Unemployment insurance is not n new
idea. H has been tried in many foreign
countries and it has proved of great value
to the communities where unemployment be
came picvnlcut.
"Italy has a law which provides for the
pavment of :.'! 1-3 per cent of their normal
wages to persons who are out of work. Pay
ment begins on the eighth day of unemploy
ment nuil continues for li!0 days. 1 rco
trauspoitntion is provided by the government
to pel sons who wish to go to places where
work is to uc uau.
Successful in Switzerland
"ln Switzerland an unemployment insur
ance law was established in November, 1010,
and hns been in successful operation ever
since. When total uiicmplojincnt exists pay
ments to the unemployed arc Hindu by tho
state. When only partial uncmplojment ex
ists the burden falls upon the employer.
Sixty per cent of uormal wuges arc paid to
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
Who is Ihtf apostle und patron taint ot
1
I rdoliil '
" In what rear was America discovered?
S Who waa He-ppclwhlte?
4 .Niiiiio tho author of "The incursion "
I. Who was culled "thu Iron Chancellor"?
f. Vh.u is u trapezium?
V. Name the capital of Jielaware.
g. What vvua tho llroolt Fiirm Experiment?
!'. Who wire llengist and Horsa"
in What Is meant by tho abbreviation
IL S. V P."?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1 Field Marshal Viscount French 13 tho
lonl lieutenant of Ireland
'.. Luun Is onii of tho mujor Islands in tho
Philippines. Tho capital, Mmilln, Is
located on tills island
2 faaiut Oeorgo la tho patron saint of Eng
land
4 AViishiiiKton Irving, who llourlihed mainly
In the first buff of the last century.
wrote "The Sketch Rook," u scrleo ot
stories and familiar essuya.
b. ' Ulla" vwis the pen nomo of Charles
Lamb. English essayist.
f,. Frh-dilch Ebt-rt la tlio president of (Jcr-
nninv.
7 uusta is the capital of Maine,
h. Two slates which tuul two capitals Wore
e'onnealinn. with New Huven and
Hurtfup, the present capital; mid
llliuiK Island, wlih Newport und Piuvl-
lU-iiee, iho presuut capital
9 'i lie till- of thu Auiuili-iin chief ixecullvo
In the Philippine Islands Is "Kovc-rnor
i-n 1 tl ' l-'iane-lH llurton llurrlsnn the
illi'llllllHllt lliuli r Die Wll'oii ii.IoiIiiIh.
tuition b. ii Just ii&lbii 'I.
10. "i V It ' Is Un llhhlt-iMllnii fin
- Vl "IIV of th- III l.ol.'lc ,
Hull u( Ii-Uu.U vuiuuilis
i, WM between lbs fcUtu. iS6W6,
WHO'S AHEAD, WE WONDER?
SsmWL. J-K"' jKC!2saL s3Krfi..vc-fc ?HLbui
..iO
MBBtfc.- ... ..- T..r J 'Ss,AVvVr
jh v s rj . s v tajr
r. jr . - Of - -vjt . . -
-r
iiairrf " --
,"vrv w
the vvorkless, and this is increased by 10 per
cent when tho man has dependents. Other
nations which have unemployment insurance
mnde compulsory by law are Poland und
England.
"Unemployment insurance mny get Its first
foothold in tills country in the state of Wis
consin, where there is n law pending in the
Legislature making pn.vtuent of unemploy
ment benefits to men who nro forced out of
work by Industrial depression. The law also
provides for comprehensive machinery for the
collection of data relative to where employ
ment may bo obtained and for disseminating
this news to the public. It is provided Iiv
the proposed law. too, thnt the employer
must insure the payments to the workers In
tho same innnncr ns he docs under tho op
eration of the workmen's compensation law
in this state.
"Undoubtedly the proposed Wisconsin law
is a model which should be the aim of every
state in tho Union. Hy such an nrrangement
the community would benefit greativ and the
cost of maintaining increased police forces
ns well as extensive organization for the dis
tribution of charities would bo taken from
the bhoulders of the people.
Sfrllio Evil nt lis Kont
"It is my personal opinion thnt tho waves
of crime which wnlk hand ln hand with
every period of industrial depression ennnnt
be checked by enlargements to the policing
forces, by doubling penalties aud trying to
stiffen up the judges. All such methods nre
much like trying to cure a disease by attack
ing the rash. Strike the evil ut its root and
tlje cure will follow.
"I advise the immedinto establishment of
public employment bureaus, n complete can
vass under state direction in an effort not
only to determine the number of unemployed,
but to learn where employment exists, ana
the immediate undertaking of all public work
possible for which funds have been provided.
"The attitude of the people toward unem
ployment should be one of scientific study of
the problem rather than reliance upon the
loose methods which have been resorted to
in tho pnst. The effect of nu unemployment
act in this stale is, of course, problematical,
but in the first place I believe it would re
duce the amount of crime."
HUMANISMS
By WILLIAM ATHEKTON DU VVY
WHEN members of Congress gather arouurl
banquet tables in Washington or on
other occasions where speeches are delivered,
the favorite diversion is thnt senntors should
poke fun at tho House of Ueprescntntlvcs
and that members of that body should re
taliate in kind. Jt was on such nn occasion
that Ilcprescntutivp ti. E, Winslow, the
most spherical of congressmen, told tho fol
lowing story :
He said that a certain senator hud gone
back during vacation to the rural little town
vvhefo he lived and had hired u carpenter
to build him u house. The man was par
ticularly dumb und the senator had much
trouble in getting into the workman's head
just whut was to be done. Finally he asked
the carpenter this question :
"Do you know how to make a Veuctlan
blind?"
"Sure." said the workman. "Either poke
out his eyes m- elect liiin to tho United
States Senate."
IU-presciitative .1. N. Tmchcr. of Medi
cine Lodge, Kau., was a cow puncher before
he became n Inw.wr and specialized 011 the
prosecution of cattle thieves. He is plump,
sunny-faced und friendly nud has a reputa
tion for eliiiting confessions of guilt.
And ho does not believe that people should
gamble in wheat futures "n-iiill." Ho has
introduced a bill which would prohibit this
practice.
Lately there came down to Washington
from a western city nu individual who
wanted to appear iu opposition to the bill
piobibitlug the dealing in futures. Mr.
Tincher 1m! him along until he hud admitted
that he had not even read the bill Ten
minutes later he admitted that he did not
understand how n sloe-l; exchange operated
After drawling along wiili him for hnlf aii
hour Mr. Tincher asked him iln- following
question :
"lo ou not believe thut u stock exchange
has just ubout the same place in the busi
ness life of a mil niti Unit a loulelle wheel
would have in u Methodist chureli?"
Thu witness answered "ve-s," T0 con
gicssiuan thin iiiliiiouishcil hiiu to go back
Inline and -oij the same to the propli- io
hud sent liim In Wublilngtoii,
;" H- . 's ;., , :, .;. ,.
iho Easier iv'g-iolling pan- on Un- Wblie
iiniisi- in mi, 11 o,.,.,, nii-li 1,1, h-
llM'lMil Ii a ini ,,f Muster III ltM from tl,,.
iUUloJluune tturrpu.
SSSBCrSrssrS
. I - 1 M.J
rtC. Y
'&??-&&mkj
7&W'
SHORT CUTS
Trotzky may soon have to toddle alooj,
1 -
Here's hoping tho Auti-ltcds bowl otm
all the Lenlne pins.
It is n battle for world peace thai
being waged in Pctrogrnd.
.
The "most unkindest cut of nil" iv o
that hits the pay envelope.
It is rumored in Frnnkford that t
faro also will be elevated.
Untoward circumstance
nspirate tho Frankford L.
continues to
What tho country continnes to vraatt
moro than anything else is words.
Germany will probably change her niod
before she gets n cnango ot licnrt.
Orpheus C. Kerr appears to be plaiini
the same old tunc in wnsmngtou.
While France extends her hand to tin
President sho keeps her eye ou Senator
i.odgo.
The President is probnbly convinced bj
this time thnt what the country is mont in
terested in is jobs.
Thirty-three years nco today cnonr.1
snow fell to make good the average with hall
a dozen years like this.
Though they cive rise to some "bf
ing," nobody dreams of reforring to rallroul
wage revision as "prime cuts."
An appeal to the League of Nations k;
Panama would not be without its Dearie;
on trance s plea to tho United States.
Friends of Mr. and Mrs. Itobln will be
plensed to learn that they have returned to
their homo ou Washington square, tor ilc
summer.
X-ray examination of a woman ln Pari'
resulted in thn discover? of a. comuleto jit
of teeth behind tho eyeball. Undoubttdlt
cyc-tceth.
President Ilardlng's inauguration cost
$1500 instead of the $50,000 appropriated
Washington nlono finds fault with ii!
economy.
The meaning of "Tiflls" is "warn
town." It must bo admitted thut the Hoe
shevlsts havo done their best to raise
temperature.
FnKfnn. Tn.. nnnerhnnpprs have df
mflTolnil n fmltlntlnn In U'nfff-H nnd their it'
mamis have been agreed to. This fits tl
times like the paper on tho wall.
The "wets" nro not wishing nnvbodj
nuy hurm, of course but they won t grie"
if there Is sickness enough in the country v
justify the breweries in running iuu ii""-.
Tho radical having had his turn, it
now thu reactionary who is doing his iij
hit to breed revolution: but, happily, tw'
Sara is too lcvcl-hcudcd to be Influenced uM
way or the other.
Efforts o Ambassador Jusscranel to lii
the United States accept tho UrsaiW
... 1.. . nn.i ...111 rtf nnrie. Dt
ire-uiy iu uiuuuie-u lurm ni " sv .
muile iii a manner conducive to the tavinst"
Senator Lodge s face.
,,!. !!. I r.l: T,.n,,A frtl Bet'
t ut- xiuiiimorc vwiiivuo iin - -..
- Sf .1 ... 1,1... . .!. in limit t 10 MB
klbs to three feet. Mrs. Arabella JIUJH
sajs this seems reasonable A niua bjoj
be able to get there with both icct iu i"-
-v.. 11, 111, - vein-- 1.., Ktnifi D(-
,,,.., ,.t ,.f IlnnWI, BI1VH II fllVOflle tW I
tl t I tilt Ith tiVUIIHI w " " ---- " . . 1.
of the housefly is n banana peel, r
distinct disappointment, vvc uiwiya '---,
Wied the fond hone that tho housefly wouw.
blip on the bunautt peel und break its
ueck.
Thirty-three years ago In New "
there died 11 celebrated man of whom .It
said thut he mado nu enemy every time
shook a hnnd. But there were man
1 1,011 edit itoseoe L'onkllng a pretty 0a "
scout, ut thut.
... . . ,1 il r.lnv. eld
Jo tox coal, iron, ume, u -y ..,
iu order to provide means tor w e i -,
of tho children of the statq, would be toW
?. ... "..",SB.."C0 ',' Kb' .leirvmlti
ITsnuiixs wuillil jiiiu it im, - . .1 ....
so that greater natural resources might ou
Nh nud prosper.
'Ii every lover in the town win; "',,1 V Ij,
.Mil ...pwl,iv iiflei-nooii nt the Phil."!"!'.'
Niii-iuiiI Scl-,.,1 foe Girls it was lie.-au-e i"Y
" '" -''ell" '"'.f,,l '"" ", ''.',!U
thev willnulj inlssciJ 11 rillllici y ' .,,.
thin-: reiillv useful
I)i
.II'KS t- I .I'" . i
Whut to D
Wi&t
i" oil u dlionllt'se, ou,
1 JDlUicult GW."
1
X
"J
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