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PUBLIC LKDGKU COMPANY
1 emus ii. k. cirjvns, rant.T
Charles It. l.mlniuton Ic l'ii'eiii toSn r
Hrln TrtBu e i . l mil-n A IMc Hfrtrv,
Z'hlHp 8 nlllm .tntn II Vtllltanu John .T.
Hpiimeon Oeorc F. Gold'mlth, U.IJ B. Stnlltr,
T)lrertns
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IjVVlD H. BMTI.nV.. . ..
.Editor
johm r ir.virm
C!n-.il THulnm tnnr"
TutiUthcd dnHy at l'reuc t.fDOKii Mulldlnf
Ititlpppn. nco Squftic, rhllA(lfltTila
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TCiT Voiih . ... .104 Mudlfon Aif.
DeritoiT ... Tin l'orcl nulMlnc
Br. Trftpi . . 1113 Olofx-IVmofrnf flulWlne
CntC0O 1"02 Tribuni Uul'.dlns
news urnEArs-
TVumsoiov Hiniuc,
in R Cur. I'mnsjlMinla Ave rri Mth St.
yw nK lirr ... The .? nuilJlne
London lUttAi lnucn rinu.i
scnscnirrto.N Trnna
Th Biimi'J l'mtn l.n.r.R t frM to ut.
erlbcrr In IUnHAirbti th! (.'irro'inJ'nc town
t th rt nf lwHe 1J con's p.- ck paab.
to ths carrier.
Jit mail t. rolnn cuti!J cf Vh cjplph.a. n
th L'nltfil M.it'i. taimu or Cnitrd Staien rc-
lonf, roatnK fre, tl t uO vrtitu rr month,
Hlx ($0 rlolh rs pr i". a' In fldanrf.
TV f.ll fur. im conn rln ot it dollar a month
Not rr 8mvrilr wlnhinr i).tr changel
'mult tl old . Tf.' n tii-T nddrcji.
.weix. iooo TttT KrvTo.Nr. mm sods
IkhjO". "rfrt)M'riwc .qi;!' . rWgitf hlwi
Jtcmbrr of llto Associated Press
the AisocrATrn rnrss is excUsh-i-iu ,t.
tttltd to th . ', rr tt (-iirio t ft' nit ffut
atuparcftrt rrrf,rrl 1n it ft- otherr jf crd 'rf
fhti t'Wr- f"d atti fli-i locil 'ciut rNb'hri
hrf(.
M rt(''' ' rrptitMcato c' Jr?(:l dVff;cfcj
rr(t n' j7o rfrvrf.
rhlUilrtpku. Tn. ..I... t'rtminrv 23. 1".'t
THE BELLS OF WINTER
OTRANtiK nml .omi,tmis drmnntiaiiT
O sigtiitkatit nr- the reversals ot pvorjilaj
virfiimxtnnt p. In thn oipn comitrj Iktp
nboilts proplc nho 'onriI out fmm farm
liotiso uimlouM weren't (litnrbvl bv tho firt
bis snowfall of thn ooa-'on. Their tratfie
wasn't ilelajed. Thmiamls of them opmi'il
the barn, got out the old "cutter" and the
winter harness with the bells on it and
tacked llvrlj hordes between dust v shafts and
then had to tliem'lves many of the lncliwaja
over whifli the liniowiiies dart at all other
casons of the tear.
I'ntil the nioton ar crows runners it will
always be under swiitethins of a diadvaittase
In heavy snow. And until it can wear bell"
without senninc funtiv ir will be a lev!
thrillin; means of trn'l over white eountrj -sides.
The first heavy snow fa 1 ame when a
preaf manv people had about decided that the
family sleiih was amons the old-fashioned
things that had crown utterly iihce.. Hut
ou nier can t 11 when' an old-fashioned
thii'C may be budlj needed. It may be n
'r-ulter ' of the sort that once was n sign of
nfflucnce or it mov be a principle of conduct
or a political theorj. A time usually comes
wheu ou need it badly nnd arc clad that you
lept it in a v.nfe place abo'.t the house.
TIME FOR A PENN PROGRAM
UXIVi:ilSlTY DAY at lVnnsylvnnia sains
a special Mcmthance this year a an
vent dovetailinc with an expected decision
on the policy of one of the leading institu
tions of higher education in America Th
loyalty and enthusiasm of the alumni, who
re coming together today from many parts
of the country, will be invaluable aid in
furthering a definite program.
Although graduates and faculty have been
reported as differing widely on the subject of
The University's future statu", there can be
no question that some specific announcement
of purpose will beger harmony. Neither the
mgcested p'an of state aid on a new and
large scale nor that involving the rais.ng of
n huge endowment fund has the def-i ts of no
plan whateci
Vroclamation of n c'rv,v d'-lincil nli,.etivp
Bt the alumni d nner tonight would lift the
LnporfaiKc and meaning cf that oiiasion be
yond an) of ita recent predeccpsor?
A PRACTICAL PRISON REFORM
rpHU improvenieiits nnd evtensions to the
iX House of I'orrei tin r.ow in progress,
under a.ithoritj of tin- T.'ld Joan nd prac
tical p'-i,nene 'o a i w humanitarian
measure introduced inio the Legislature by
J'rankiin Spen-cr Iclnuucis
The pending bill invests tne i idg'-s w tn
the right of romiiiittini; first offenders to a
reformatorj instead nf a coun'v jail The
fui tors of snciio'i a' re'nrm in ti.i. program
are t(.f eidcnt
Vork and rcguia'cd re'Teat.on w I b" pio
Tided fur prisoners tic ,tigmuticd n .htoni.
enminais Th p'Hn is not ciitmn tital, but
ane and enni"iiit'i anil in '.n- w Mi i ,
ccs-ful dcvelopmi nt in pctio'ogv.
The nieamrc, wiiin ts cmphafic.idr -n
doi-sed lv Major Moore rid 1'ire.tur 'i'utin.
of the Iiepartrnei nf 1' !i'i. Welfare, is ie
ering of helpf.l i oniu' ra'ton (it Harris
burg. If will it.it i, ";.eiute to jn-event
nercrnwuii , n Mi p-s,m hi wii1 nffi t
the ilegenei',-ui',e r 'Te ts ,.' i. .. , . nlin'-menr nn
S (lliss of (iff. nders ,'i,i,v .v ep,.rine
elsen l.eie I he i n .,i t e of reden'p'." '
LET US HAVE PEACE
WIlA'l the . 'H iitn.s n '.ie ,,. r .i in
til I g ' -e it t . i i in - l ..ic ' r .
peuce n' II .lil ul I -i nil ' '111 s i .(l
tlueil' c, .. f a- i . ', p ,1 . e Mi"
hut reds, ! ,e on. ..i nwl t m- s , i. i"n i.
erateil l ti . wi I' nc-d- ' .. t , e j et
rest by i ii"si n . o i -. - .' i . i s
for the M
Ko tl l' " n . s ...i . , . r .,,,,,,
thing win1 i e .n t iiniii. ti i.i i.1 .i
coming 'I'M' ii ; .-"i'ag.iti.Jj .ir . . In...
B storm warn ng h' th" An n nn I i . n
Thai vurni'g a 'So' ' "V " ' i at ber n
more ix-.'irt'h iv. mi. .J ,,t irig. tl."
(ouutrv i- told, siio .'d t piim 't"d t irtef
fere with t r. i ,n nni tnen.i ! ati"tisups
e.fnbl.M.. d htnioi 'I. United States nnd
f.'.lied nat "is i .ring Mie ( True .n a
biond n x In .... a., I, f ,)w ,,
peace t ,e i'e if ill . ,c." Ill . n 'T.on l!,i
guided - iii w,i' n . nun .t sm M.iri witu
lit ipiestn.n i.i. cri'ii i.iu ci e v u ' nun!" bv
foreign i-t at. -nn n ir.ete'v ni t m. ,i i, n ad"
In the tin ii "f nn n lie.i g.nernu.eti' I'm ng
that We slin i III t 'iri'p.lsl, 'ree o,i ,,f t ,, j jj!, ( I
find th" rigiit in luiej . ii,. !, nnij j.. ,;ri'iif
reasoning
linlv a nuiti "r iTtt.iu inn r fi i i will
fail to si e Mint s.,n , ,,f ti,i. f,, .., juiin
inents nie now i"i l.ewng t.c I'sitons that
tnav be pot on dnngerois i . j pcii p
but a' t'nillv ib ti mi' Co io eg t u,n Aui' r.
can llinrests S'.n 1 il c i" t..iiing bi.'
pplauil them '
The loiiiito s s ' ; onganon ! .
0 Si U nf II till" pi ip.lZIlt I1 Ms Urn .l.'aill
Attempt a ' omi lc-t 'i i an op n ..ii w ill
rierelv wast" the r tn " U i it i ,c , niri
ioes want is trnli Uii. imnot get m the
tint It if it is led in I "ill tin. or t lint
foreign cnuntr In. a ' "i '' im ii",iu f if
the common ' t'."'
MINDS FOR SALE
MA'I I lfll f"i ligh' and uhim .iiui.ui is
SO plcntifil in the new, nnuiidiMs Unit
U has allni'st lost tl.e pownr I.i t'iri.i Vet
you ci 1 h" twn I'1" nnd 'o oi ier knrls of
JllayS to Im1 f"i H wiiile .n hiorics Ur less
ttrangi' (i"'l ''i' ' tt jr ilinu ninny taa come
over tlie win i'oti afternoon
As ciirciull us iIip guarded the ei ret
f the Helgoland fortifUiitioin,. the (Ji-rmaii'i
pf tho old regime gi, aided Hip m" rets of tlf
making. Politician- bankers -hti-un' n and
rxfn the kaUer Intus-'f f-H nuni-ilnl f. kd ii
from lho oulsiili' woii'l Unon1' i' in a Hie
i .... ..Lntikis Im.i tn i".l nn "'t i ar.
ilf-liiinu p. .. . 1
.1 rcscarcMidcr Korcrnmcut sabsjdics into J
the possibilities of coal tnr nnd Its by-products.
The result was a Herman monopoly of
nlmost imnhiahlp formulas and the ability of
laboratories In Hamburg and elsewhere to
make some dyes more perfect than they were
made anywhere else In the world. Standard
indigo, if we remember nrlght, was one of the
scwra! color" which manufacturers here and
in England strove for without great success.
The dye could be made but it was not lasting.
News now current shows that American
manufacturers, unwilling to loe time In long
years of experimentation, took a short cut.
went to (iermany, bought out n number of
professors and got them to the United States
with their secret knowledge of dye-making.
It these Hermans now in Wilmington have
n good memory trunks full of their docu
ments and formulas were stopped nt the ficr
tuati borders nn Industry once monopolized
by (iermanv will now be controlled from the
'United States.
A t-torin of objection Is rising meanwhile
in Oprniatiy. There ore shouts of a new sort
of treason. That was to be expected. Other
nations seldom try to monopolize the benefits
of scientific research
NO KINGS OR EMPERORS
EQUAL THE PRESIDENTS
The American Democracy by Popular
Election Has Chosen Greater Men Than
Birth Has Given to Other Nations
ON TIMS eve of the induction Into ofRce ot
the twenty-ninth President and on the
anniversary of the birth of the first Presi
dent it may be fitting to consider the kind of
men chospn by the people to preside over
I heir government, nnd to draw such con
clusions ns the fads seem to justify.
Washington, ns every school child know",
was the unanimous choice in the beginning.
Up had conducted the Ilpvolutlonary War to
a successful end, nnd retired to private dfe
in lTs't. And he plnnned to remain in re
tirement. I'.ut he was elected as a delegate
to the national convention which framed the
constitution and was made Its presiding
officer. He was admittedly the first citizen
of the nation. Not only were his military
achievements distinguished nnd his statesman
ship demonstrated by his conduct in the con
vention, but he was the richest man in the
lountry. Men of all shades of belief united
in asiecing that the mnti who had done so
mucli to establish the new government should
be the first to administer it.
After thp lapse of more than a century and
a nu'irter it is still admitted that a better
i hoice could not have been made. When one
considers how Presidents are nominated
nowadays one must respect the unselfish
patriotism of the men who agTcod on Wash
ington Washington did not wih the office. Tie
did not seek it. He preferred to live in quiet
on his estates on the Potomac He doubted
his fitness for it as he had no expedience in
civil administration. IJut when his country
men summoned him he responded And he
guided the nation through its first eight ypars
of constitutional life with the ame wisdom
that he displayed in th" command of its
armies. Ho was criticized nnd abused, it is
true, but when he retired it was with the
respect and admiration of all parties
It is withoi,' disrespei t to his successots
that it may be said that none of them has
ever enjoyed the great esteem which accotn
pinied him into offii e and none has more
successfully administered its powers. We
have had one other President whose fame is
aKo as wide n the world, but not even Lin
coln shouldered so heavy n burden as reted
on the back of Washington. And Lincoln
entered office with the distrust of his neonate-
instead of with the lontidence of the
whole nation. It was not until he was dead
that his greatness suddenly dawned on those
i loest to him.
I.infoln co'i'd nm have boen ele ted to the
presidency in 17SP He was poor, lie hud
not distinguished himself in public office
His familv did nor belong to the landed
anstoenu y. as did the faiin'.ips of Washing
ton and Jefferson and Madison pnd Monroe.
Whether n man of Washington's antece
dents ioiId have been elected in 100 is an
open ipiestion. Oti't one since the early
las of the republic has sum a man been
i l.osen Theodore Hoosevelt is the only
President who belonged to what is known as
uie lo.s ,re i lass to be e'e. ted in nearly a
hundred rears, but he ros? to prominence in
spi'e of his social handicap. It was only in
th" beginning of his iareer that he was called
a s.lk-sto. king politic. an And this was m
a dar when wnrkingmen did not wear silk
tmkincs and when tne uk shirt had not
l"'n 'nvented. and ahou when "Sockless
.I'-n ' Simpnn was winning totes tiecnusp
"' h s boast thai th'ie was nothing between
tie .so' -s of uis feet and th so'es of his
'I lie li's fo jt 'residents be.origed lo a sort
o' revolutioiiart oiigaruiv. They had been
a i.vp .n t'ic establishment of thp govern
i p..' .1"l,n Ad.uiis, Washington's V.
I'resiupti' , s ,, ceded to the presidency and
T.'ioinns, .lefer.on. Vhp President with
Adam., was promoted to the highpr otfi. e
w nen tho tprm of Adams expirpd Mad. .on
i istingiiisiieil himself in framing thp mn-i,
' it '.on and he succeeded .Tffernn And
M"n"e an I .lonti Quiney Adams inherited
t e -evolutionary tiaditinn nnd belonged to
the gr" .p "f ru'ing men, it gro ii riia!.er aid
more dominating than has pt.sk( at ir
nt1'"" period in tn historv of the , .. jnt-y
I- wa not till Andrew .Iii'U.on was
f'e. led after 'he members of i.,e nil
"..gutcliv had ii '"i "i lost the.r powei that
n new spirit enter"! -ito tne management ot
nffair" in Wa.lui gt ,n liekson v n n man
11. ore like bie se'. te. bv tli po'.tli IHUS of
tne pre.i n t' ;,n ,it v of .n. predecessoi s fie
had political omii'bm.i'v neiausp ni his war
re, old and v was an expirt fiolitical
nianipi. !' i ,i- 'iiumi ii" floosevelt, and
witn e 'irumg.ig , tpinlitips winch the
enein .s o rt'io,eeli iisej to Ray Iip dis
I ! i-cii
fle. Icsti tue'e xas a si . ess on of
tri iiii. i . s i.nt.i l.inco'n ' ame on the n ene
Nan Il'.rrn Han son the elder, Tyler. I'n'k
Tavli I' I'tt'ore. I'iorce ami Itjfnanan dis
t ng ..si ni ' enise im as President in no war
whatsuot r r
Af m C'(il Wor tne 'fniia'-tei if ine
Pres deiiis bega l to improve Johnson need
in it be ' oi nted f"- he s i" i eiji d to the presi
uencv. hir. ing tieen put on tne t.-ket with
Lincoln in Isfil bpaue ir was thought polit
i.-ally expedient to name n I'nion Democrat.
!ran vr tion, t.n'ed bera ise of his war
r. aid 'I he U'n.s.ungirn prereden' as
, tei us pis' ibntion for making h m Presi
dent, but the tin men were alike on'y :n
their Mii.Pssfu1 miiilftiy n hietemeiitH
(iratit's honesiv nnd ntgriM are ui,iues
tioned but een cis ardent admireis will not
thsis- that ne wa a uniform. y ,,, ovsfu , ,vi
ndn.inistrntor lie did not understand the
game of politi"" and unS'Tunulo is men tisei)
lnni for t.ieir pirpoe. nnd th' ir drsire to
iisp bun oga.n was b.n k of i.n iicim nieni to
nominate him in Is. 0
The vi" e-s of Hip admin st ration Hayi s
was olmruri'd nr the time bv tne suaduu on
Ins iitlp. but ,t is now admitted that hn tpr.
ord I'omt'arps favorably with that of nnv of
h." predpepsors
Uleve'and, promoted to the prrs1ipncj
from n governorship. 114 Haves had been,
bistified the confident p of the c.untrv. and
his fame issenirp lipcaue he proved that the
party which had been discredited by its
(O'lr-c hi the Civil Win- was again ns puli
1 1 r tei and lis deeplv cominitted to the
mtei' -is of t IP " hole naf on (is - m ber n
111 t ii before he drea' l' ind'rstand
Inr.
il mP PrcbJdcats uad jonc poimval
rnrcers before they wero promoted to the
Executive Mansion. Giant was an excep
tion. And Woodrow Wilson was another.
Mr. Wilson, it is true, served part of a term
as governor of New Jersey, but his career
was that of 11 teacher of history and politics,
culminating in hla selection ns n university
president. He is the only President whose
life prior to entering offico was devoted to a
study of the theory of politics. Tho other
Presidents have been practical experts nnd
their theories were formed while In office.
Mr. Harding is no exception to the rule.
Up is n politician first nnd a theorist after
ward. Put a careful reading of his published
statements justifies the conclusion that lie
has arrived nt certain well-defined views
nbout tho fundamental principles ot the
American system and that bo is determined
to uphold all his constitutional prerogatives.
There has been a disposition in certain
quarters to belittle, the American Presidents,
but no impartial man can survey the history
of the world for the last lllo years without
bping forced to the conclusion that the men
promoted to the first office in the United
States by the free choice of the people arc on
the whole superior to the men who have
pteslded over tho other notions of the world,
whether they were elected or whether they
inhpritpil their position. Wc have hod no
Piesident so weak anil Incompetent ns the
last Nicholas of Itussla and no ruler any
wheie else in the period in question has been
the cquol of either Washington or Lincoln in
those qttnlities which in the united opinion
of mankind are considered great.
Therefore, when we celebrate the an
niversary of the birth of the first President
we are in a very real sense celebrating the
vindication of the democratic principle in
government
DAUGHERTY AND FLETCHER
MU. HAUUING'S selection of Harrv M.
Haugherty ns nttorney general is clcorlv
a personal appointment and an acknowdedg
ment ot political obligations. Criticisms of
this choice will hark back to similar methods
by other Presidents. There hos never been n
cabinet in which some political debts were
not paid.
The procedure if not the best that could
be devised, is certainly conventional. It is
worth remenibeiingf moreover, that cabinet
officers are not directly responsible to (.'di
gress but to the chief executive alone.
In a sense, it is sometimes overlooked that
they arc his private secretaries nnd in uaiu
ing them nny President is fully justified in
reogni7ing the clement of personal free will.
It will, of course, occur to ninny persons,
both llcpublipans nnd Democrats, that the
Daugherty appointment is not ideal. Hut
the test of the future attorney gcneral'u til -ness
cunnot accurately be determined in ad
vance. Mr. Daugherty is now known chiefly
as a politician, although his skill as a lawyer
has been by no means negligible. To him
should nt least be accorded the right of dis
appointing his detractors and to the public
the Tight of reserving judgment.
Henry P. rietcher, named as undersecre
tary of state, presents another aspect of the
presidential appointing power. His au
thoritative qualifications for the part nrc un
questioned. He has had practical diplomatic
experience in a wide variety of posts, in
which most reassuring attributes of vigor and
capability have been displayed.
Headed by Mr Hughes and Mr. Fletcher,
the Department of State begins a new order
with assets of genuine strength. Possibly the
only persons in the country who were wot
ried over such leadership are certain con
gressmen and senators with dictatorial am
bitions, which is precisely one of the ion
vincing reasons for public satisfaction.
Internntionnl policv uirnishes the most
formidable problem before the Harding ad
ministration. The two men before wlimn this
major task will be set are obviously fit for
the work No greater praise need he sought.
JITNEYS ON TRIAL
rnllK tiist question that will eonfioni the
X new state utility commission of three
menibtrs whi'h Governor IMwards, of New
Jersey, is about to appoint, under nuthoritv
just granted bv the Legislature, relates to
the growing competition of jitneys with the
trolley lines of the state and the degree to
which siuh competition may be permitted.
Vor some reason or other the jitney has
prosppred and multiplied in Jersey The
public authorities hnve been disposed to view
.t with favor Now in some communities
notably in Atlantic City and in Paterson
motor veiin !es privately owned or operated
bv well-organized companies haw become
important fit' tors in the general businpss of
street transit The Public Sert kp Corpora
tion, wlin h owns or controls all sMeet tar
line- in the state, insists that it cannot longer
stand the prcsuie of the jitneys, that it
tannot even hope to survive for long if some
sort of svstematic restriction is not put upon
those who ' ompetp with it bv means of n
quiii.. tl"J.ible and relatively inexpensive
medium
If the sen-ice corporation weie m better
standing with the people ot the state its 10m
plaint against jitneys, which is p.st nnd
logical in manv ways, would recciw a hear
ing more sympathetic than that whi'h is
likelv to be m corded it now I'or ntnevs
n'one cannot meet the transit requirements
nf anv well -populated or busv rommunitt.
lor constant and dependable tiansit sen ice
of a sort that cannot be impeded . storms .
for the more or less profitless long-distam e
hauls upon which the developmc n' of subur
ban communities depend, and fo- stand
ards of service fair to pwrjbodv and essential
to the needs of cities, the expensiw nnd
elaboiate organizations; of trnl'.i v lompanics
ojp and will continue to be, neces-nrv
How fur an the cities and "iiiimMiiiie.. m
New Jcrsev permit the motor vih'.les to mi
into the profits of the existing street nil
lines'' The jitnev provides cpink, lonifoit
nb'e and convenient servi"1 for the short
rider, and it is to thp short r.dpr that the
stieit car companies look for the revenues
necessaij to pay for long haul" which while
costly to the trollev lines, arc made 10m
pulsorr bv most trolloy franc iusps
If jitney competition is permitted to
cripple or destroy the street 1 ar corporations
the public itse'f will be the greatest suflcrer
in the pnd
If is urgueil now that the street , nr lines
in Paterson aw in danger of being sinned
to death, and representatives of me opcrat
,ng companv hnve threatened to 1 losp thpir
power houses and stop all sinet cars nnd
0 nt business unless jitners ore eliminated
from the streets or put under rigid restric
t on and forced to adopt schedules ns libual
n M.o.e under which trolleys must tun
At thp outset of its career the new utilities
board in Jersey will need a good deal of
0'ir'ige nnd wiwlom. lis first i,.b will be a
iiifiici.lt one. Jitneys arc popular and the
P iblic Service Corporation is not Jet most
o' tiio contentions ndvnmcd in this instance
bv the trolley companies are just 1'nlesn
jitnevs serve in the Ipan ns well ns in Hip faf
terntorles they have an unfair advantage
ciir their c ompetitoi.s ntd one that in the
end mu"t prove destru'tlw to thp eiric-ietii y
of thp tiolle.is "it. whalewr decision is
mnib' by the utilities bontd will be greeted bv
a storm of objection either from the people
or the investors whosn money is tied up in
ioslly rail lines, Ilirnusn Hip Public Service
Corporation has 111 the past invited 'the dis
like nnd suspicion of many communities in
New Jersey it wi' be hard for 11 utilities
board to be even fair to it now.
t will he no great benefit to tne popu -
1,11 e to know lust villi tin re wn- not enough
hose to light the fire h Six'niiii and I lucriip
trrcls 011 Sunday, but just to keep the
ecnrd might, we m!?ht Bn we'l Iinvr th
1 ciDlanation. ...
PATER PATRIAE
Some Odd and Interesting Facts About
Washington His Personal Ap
pearance, Habits and Home
Life Random Notes
Ily GKOKGK NOX McOAIX
GEOUGH WASHINGTON, surveyor. In
dian fighter, planter, commander-in-chief,
first President, doctor of laws, states
man, was born 189 years ago today.
He is the greatest figure In American his
tory and has becu called the greatest figure
of nil times.
From descriptions of bis personal ap
pearance by his contemporaries lie was six
feet two inches in height and weighed nbout
UOO pounds.
There was no surplus flesh upon his
frame. Ho was tremendously muscled and
was noted for his great ntrcngth.
His hnir was a chestnut brown, bis checks
were prominent and his bead was not largo
in contrast to the rest of his body, which
was massive and bony.
His feet nnd hands were unusually large
nnd his ordinary walking shoes were num
ber eleven.
His hands were equally big in propor
tion, nnd it is said that he could not buy n
glove to fit him, but had to have his gloves
made to order.
IX HIS personal habits be was fastidious
in point of dress and had his clothes
made in the fashion of his day.
He was a hearty eater nnd was particu
larly fond of a plain meal of bread and
meat.
It wns his custom to take a drink of rum
or whisky on awakening in the morning.
At dinner he usually disposed ot n bottle
of Madeira wine.
He was a great lover of fine horses, and
when riding was always mounted on a hand
some charger.
He presented n superb picture in full uni
form on horseback, though lie was n rather
shambling walker and slow upon his feet.
In later life lie wore a set of false teeth,
which fitted badly and caused his lower lip
slightly to protrude.
HIS religious affiliations were with the
Protestant Episcopal Church, of which
he was n faithful and devout attendant.
The question has been repeatedly raised
ns to whether he was 11 communicant or
merely nn attendant and contributor of that
church.
Some years ago Dr. Philip Slaughter an
nounced that General Washington wob a
vestryman of the old Pohic Church, in Fair
fax county, Va., as ancient records of the
church proved.
For the first three Sundays that he spent
in Philadelphia as President he went three
time" to Episcopal churches, and once each
to the Presbyterian, Quaker and Komnn
Catholic churches.
It is said that his remark concerning
these three latter visits was that "It was
the first time he had the opportunity of
observing some of these modes of worship."
The story of the cherry tree and his
hatchet Is npocryphal.
The author o( it was n clergyman, the
Itev. M. L,. Wccms, n rambling writer and
peripntctic book peddler.
The story is ignored by the leading biog
raphers, such ns Sparks, Marshall, Wash
ington Irving, Uossing and others.
WASHINGTON was one of the largest and
wealthiest land owners of his day.
His wife was the widow of Danici Parke
Custis.
She was married at scientecn and was a
widow with two children at twenty-four,
when slip became Mrs. Washington.
She brought the general a dower of l.'.OOO
acres of land, 300 slaves and $30,000 in
securities.
Washington was about twenty -seven
years of age when he was married, "but he
had had one romance in bis life previous
to that.
He fell in love with a beautiful girl about
ten years earlier. She rejected him and he
took the matter very much to heart.
He referred to her as his "lowland
beauty." Her identity was never satisfac
torily disploscd.
She is believed to have been a Miss Hetty
Fauntleroy, though this is largely a matter
of surmise
Washington was n Mason nnd a past
master of the Alexandria, Va., Masonic
lodge
AMONG otner interesting points in the life
of the first President are Hip following:
When a young man he made n trip to
the island of Uarbndns, where he caught
smallpox. His fuce showed the marks of
the disease to his death.
He sat for more portraits of himself than
any other American of his time.
He was a most industrious correspond
ent, kept diaries, account books and made
memoranda of everything of moment in the
cmir.se of his life.
A crisis In the American devolution come
when Washington determined to resign his
position ns commander-in-chief
If wns during the winter tit Valley Forge.
Discontent with Congress" tieat'ment of
h.s ragged nnd starving army was the cause.
Ho iccon"idercd it. howewr, on the receipt
of encouraging riewn that money for the
urmy was forthcoming.
Martha Washington was with her hus
band at Vulley Forge part of the winter.
She brought with her piowsions for his pri
vate tablp.
Washington was verv particular both as
to his own clothes nnd those, of his wife.
White satin ami black velvet were his
favorite materials for his coats.
To a largo extent he saved his wife the
trouble of ordering her own guuns. many
of which came fiom London
His wedding ring was purchased in Phil
adelphia ond it cost 'Jl pounds 10 shillings,
iibout $13.50.
BOTH the General ani Mrs Washington
were fond of the play and went to the
theatre quite often.
His box wns iisiialiv filled with friends
to whom he sent tickets tur the perform
ance Official dinners when he wns President,
nnd while living in Pluludilphiu, were verv
formal affairs.
Then; was very little conversation, his
guests seeming to be nucd by the majestic
presence nnd great dignity of the host.
When in Philadelphia and New York thp
Piesident and his wife complained that the
social attentions were so urgent that they
dined out nearly every night.
ATfASHINGTON was ieiy quick at repartee
TV when occasion demanded
He gave a dinner to r,ord Cornwnllis and
bis stuff after the sir render nt J'orktown.
The French officers m his r.rmy were dis
posed to "rub it in ' on the English. A
loant was proposed to the king of France
nnd then Cornwall! proposed a toast "to
the king."
Washington qui-klv .aid
"General, add 'to thp king of Gicat Hrit
jtin." nnd then we will join with all our
hearts."
Cornwnllis n"iei forgot that courlcsv in
Washington nnd rondintrd a correspcind
piici) with him to tho tunp of his death.
WASHINGTON'S home was nt Mount
Vernon, un c.tnte on the right bank
of thp Potomac liver seventeen miles south
of Wushington.
Mount Vernon wns named in honor of
Admiral Vernon, of the Hritish navy, under
whom Laurence Washington, founder of the
estate, sprved.
The housp or mansion wns built in 1713.
T - a lirn Stories lilr.li nml ntnl,it.m .,.
I' . !. ... t.lllllllHI PiA
looms of moderate size on tJio, ground floor.
General Washington died nt Mount Ver
non on the 1 Ith of December. 17IM1.
Ills tomb is few hundred yards fiom
the house near a small wooded invine. jt
is n plain structure indeed to be the tomb
where rests the mortal part of the greatest
American.
Mellon appears to have been cut in
stead of pl ki d
Do 1 on r-mjvjs" the present cold snap
u soing to hurt the i'ludcllon crop';
Hi ' L
vAW'r
OW&eK ' vr . - or -
.J3
.Vfcrf
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Ph
Know
DR. JAMES H. PENNIMAN
On Washington's Life In Philadelphia
TO THIS city falls the honor of possessing
more buildings than any other that lire
hallowed by association with the first Presi
dent of the United States.
Independence Hall. Carpenters Hull.
Christ Church and St. Peter's nrc but u
few of the many places here where W ash
ington found occupation, lccrcation or slipl
tpr. according to Dr. James Hosmer Pen
niman, wdio has made an exhaustive studv
of the subject and is now compiling n book
on the life of this illustrious American.
"Except Mount Vernon, no place is so
identified with George Washington as Phila
delphia," said Dr. Pentiiman.
"Nowhere else did he spend so much of
his time. He frequently lame to the city
on matters of public importance, ills visits
varying in length from u few days to many
"From Mov d. 177.", to September 0.
1781, he did not visit Mount Vernon nt all.
but during that period spent a great deal
of time In Philadelphia and Its vicinity.
Lived Hero as President
"When he was Piesident Washington
lived for a year in New York, and the rest
ot his two terms in Philadelphia, so that
the greater part of his last years was spent
in the Quaker City.
"Much of Washington's military experi
ence was obtained in tho statu of Pennsyl
vania, nnd most of his battles ere fought
for the possession of Philadelphia. The lii
includes Trenton, Piinceton, Urandjwiim
nnd Gerinnntown.
"His visits, however, weie not always In
connection with military life and tho
Father of His Country was cntei tallied here
socially on many occasions.
"One in particular, I mention, ns it shows
AVnshington to be a sportsmau and nt the
same time describes the site where Citv
Hall now stands in a way that few persons
know. In 1773 a liiilf-milc iik'p com so oc
cupied that bit of ground, and many horses
as fine in their dav as our Man O' War of
today were euterid.
Was Follow er of the Hates
"In May of 1773 Washington slopped off
In Philadelphia for a visit of a few das.
He was accompanied by his stepson nnd
they were eu route to King's College, now
Columbia Univeriitj. where the boy, Jack
Custis, was to be enrolled
"They arrived on May It! and weie the
guests of Governor Pent! for several tlfivs.
llesldes ntti'iiding the horse rucea for t lie
first three das of their visit, Washington
was present ot n large ball on the i!d.
"The races wire the Jockey Club purse
of 100 pounds, the Wlilin Plato and the City
purse. Washington was very fond ot n
race or it hunt, and was thu possessor of
some good horse?.
"The national career of Washington
began nn August .". 1771. when the state
of Virginia appointed him as one of her
seven delegates to the Continental Congress,
which met at Philadelphia on September .".
"He set out from Mount Vernon booh
after sunrise on August 31. accompanied
by two other delegates, Colonel Edmund
Pendleton, nn elderlv mini, und Patrick
Henry, who was four jears .lounger ihnn
Washington.
"They reached here on September ! nod
supppil at tho New Tavern and lodged at
Dr. Shippcn's.
One of "Ablest Ifoily of Men"
"On the following morning the delegates
assembled at the Meichants' Coffee House,
Second street above Walnut, and walked in
a body to Cuipeiiters' Hall.
"The tlftv-fivp men who attended thai
congress haw been very propcrlv called the
'ablest body of men' who up to that time
had met in Ameiicn.
"Among them were the two Adamses,
Itoger Sherman, John Jay, Kiihaid Henn
l,cc, George Washington and Patrick
Henry.
"Paul Ileverc came twice to the Congress
ns an express rider with messages from
Massachusetts.
"It is not known that Washington niinlc
nnv speech during this sension, but Patrick
Henry said of him at the time: 'For solid
information and sound judgment Colonel
Washington was the greatest mail in the
Congress.'
Views, on Preparedness
"The life ot Washington is a splendid
example, and for one who Is interested suf
fipiputly to get a good foundation he cannot
do better than read the histories of Wash
lllgton'ti life b.N two uble writers liiiinclv
JV. C Ford nml Jnrcd Sparks. Thoi are
the basis of a vei good Idea of Ihc man
I "It Ulight be Wt'U 1U cloning to quoit.
s"
"LET GEORGE DO IT!"
iT7rr nr c ' 7? ' toj .THe-MHO aw-
-ssa HEH!SsHHni mw&wmmp
'm hi ii ?i .ximiilijbl -sns k-ub ulm Hr i- l ,,iirji ..I"' 'W- rut r- .
:: mmmmFmi gc
. - ;-"
Jb. WSto-
VA
JCf
- .s. - "'' - r
iladcl 'phians
on Subjects They
Best
Washington's views on preparedness, ns
that subject lias been before us for some
time now as n vital issue.
"General Washington's military talents
were the development of unusual natural
qualities trained by n long scries of divinely-
guided pxperienee.s. The stripling who
professed himself charmed by the whistling
of bullets in tho process of time grew into
the stern yeftender-henrted warrior who at
llrooklyn was in agony at the loss of his
men At twenty-two Washington wrote
my inclinations arc strongly bent to arms.'
Alter tin; devolution, nt fifty-three, he
called war 'this plague to mankind.' and
said 'my first wish is to see It banished
from off the cmth.' Yet it wns always his
opinion that 'to be prepared for war is the
most cflective means to promote peace."
His last letter, written two days before his
death, wus to Alexander Hamilton, on the.
establishment of n military ncademv, which
he described ns an object of primun im
portance to this country."
'Ii is the people with one idea that
gel theie,' remarked Professor Fixemquick.
"It was the one-idea people who put pro
hibition across, freed the slnves and brought
about woman suffrage. 1 have therefore
drafted a law which will make it a mis
demeanor to do more than one thing nt a
tune and 1 nm going to hnve it presented
at the next session of Congiess. This is tho
way it will work; Every member will con
centrate on the measure he thinks of most
iiipoitnncc to the iciiintry. Eierv idea will
be biieij noted on a sheet of paper und the
whole dumped into n wheel. The measure
drawn fiom the wheel will he discussed by
oiignss and threshed out until the inem
beis know whether to puss it ur lo kill it.
J hen they II do il. That matter being
nniillv dispci.sei of for the term. Congress
will then pioiccd to draw another piece of
paper from the wheel. Great scheme: One
thing at a tune, and that done well."
Siindnv would haw been an excellent
cla lo let the theoiies of the New Jork
engineer who declares that nn ordinary
stieet-cienning urrv , njnarv sup
ply of tne hose put to w,j imnie'di.itelv
the sow bigm, t full m kept at work
every hour n coniinuc, t f can keep the
streets tne of snow bv Hushing them.
The Aigeiiluip lequesi that the League
of Nations i uiiiii il admit all nations gives
a fair opening for the discussion of Ger
man coiiceiitiiiiiou 0f war niiiteiiuls in neu
tntl coiiiiuic.
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
?sa.t' v. 1 aift u ' i"' ir mr
i wi
: in
3 WI
1 WI
f. WI
0 AVI
; wi
S WI
J l
i o wi
'by am how dogs ho tali, a
Mcrvtnrv nf u ,ifn
ho i mti. "Stun t.n.,,1
'l''1' ".';" tllu mklulu "'c of Cltnc.al
bo foiltided the Sociciv nf Friends"
'J!1' !XT.1US .y..r.!H.,r,1 fr:r. l'lresslR ,1,,
Vr waul ,n. "'" l mtc" ""'
h.it was llio firm political office held by
lint tiller of Franco 'wns known aj, lno
'sill J MIFt
cplest""' f " "mM"" '"stiiinicni is tliu
hut Is tlii. meaning anil application of
...- .....in tuiiiiau u lelllliola' u
niorrs .
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
. I .(lis It n laige cltv In Trniissnu, .is.a
extreme southeastern Itussla Jt has
piipuhiilon of about U,o,0(in
the pait Is used for tho whole ua "flftv
sail" for "fifty ships"
r, J.ui renin Horgln, sister of Ccsare Tlorcli
Oneness of I'Vriuni, lived In the latter
part of the fifteenth nnd tho earlv nart
of the siMeenth centuries, (she !,...
bom In 1 ISO and cIIpiI In 1B10 2
woman of Kieat beauty nnd ahlllti n
iMiron of learning and tho arts, 'm,o
wiih long accused of the g-hKoHt
. i lines, but recent writers have cear..il
l.er iiiemoiv of tho worst Chariton
brought iiKiilnst bei " "
D.inlel nefoe, author of "ttoblnson Cru
soe. wrote the story "Moll Flanders "
e Jnnies 1 Polk w.i President duilui; thu
Mbxlcnn War.
C The middle namo of Charles ' Jluches
Is llvnns
T Alexander Hamilton was born In ihn
Islnnd of Nevis, In tho West Indlni
S ",w,o",.V u another namo for thn
Millie Win'
11 I'lie bulbil! is nn cast' rn worn; toi-unh
I 111- 1-lllllC. , , u, i, ,,1,,,!, to 1 1 in
ulB' 0"illi
in Th" vi.nl pbc i means enlire auto
lute, unqualified.
'2
4
SHORT CUTS
"Hughes to the line."
Curiously enough everybody verm
satisfied with the weather so far.
The forward robin now knows tilt it
doesn't always pay to take chances.
Governor Edwards appears to hare the
Edge on commission appointments,
As a tightrope walker Iilondin wss i
piker compared to Uoyd George.
The Delaware bridge ond the ssqui
centennial arc approaching nrm in arm
Ignatius Tribicli Lincoln appears to
hnve graduated iuto n mau without a
country .
The coal man is beginning to it up
nnd take notice. The plumber is due for
resuscitation later.
Wc may now nil join in wishing tai-li
other many happy icturns of George Wash
ington's birthday.
The weatherman made an addrtM n
Germantown last night. Say what you wil'
that man has nerve.
i
"Franco Demands Payment in Full
Headline. And wc wish she may set it
And that goes both ways.
Today the arrival of an i-Iectncill'
propelled ship at Port Said from New York
is a novelty. Tomorrow it will be a com
monplacc.
It is fortunnte for the trollev icimriii'
thai the conductor who dropped S200 in the
sand box when bandits held him up M
lots of sand,
i - - -
The Young Lady Next Done Hat 0d
thinks it is easier for a woman to walk tti
straight aril narrow path when the h
sensible shoes.
Ain't nature the contrary thini' Jm'
when Mexico shows signs of being atije'
cally quiet Popocatepetl begins to smvH'
and threatens to erupt.
If (he people do not effectively Cffbt th
propaganda in this country directed (itio',t
the Allies it will not be because its danger!
have not been sufficiently stressed.
While truth crushed to cat th will n
again, it hasn't the recuperative iniahtifj
of n lie; elso the truth-teaching intth w
Oeorgie and the cherry tice would not lit
"It is almost as hard." remarked th'
Earnest Student, "to keep tabs on '
various Halkan alignments ns it is to crHP
the nature of the national aspirations of t
many peoples concerned."
Itcvision .of the trcatv of Serres. it ''
said, will give Turkey additional tcrritor'
in Thrace, now occupied by tlie ttreew
What him become of all the talk iW
driving the Turk out of Europe?
Hceause nf objections loised M
dances, pnrt of the physical recrentioa f
teni of the public schools iu UnilnK
Del., hnve been prohibited. The and en
view that anything that is enjoyable mun
bo harmful dies hard.
Didn't somebody some time somcwW'
say something about this being a rni"
winter? Well, our opinion is i tliai bob
body was right. The bll.xard of Sunday im
the cold snap of yesterday were mere n
ments ot the imasinatlon 'Ibtr '"
hnppcncd.
"Just a few quirks and a lialrpiH. J
Mis. Calvin Coolldgc when asked how s
would wear her hair on inaugiiratloa "a,
"Whleli. when you come to think oi
said Demosthenes McGinnls, "is M""
fnir description of the overage wontno
Isn't he the mean brute?
llnltimore is planning to '" ''dJSf
telephono service so that descriptions
bandits using an automobile may be liaso
simultaneously to all points here Ml-mP
to escape may bo made, V n'"'"' ",,t,r
the gladsome thought that f;""'1" 0.r,
everywhere the bandit will "get his.
Tokltoshi Takctoml. former minwifj
of finiinco of Japan, bppusm r"' r
of thinking only of the ml. I;",rial ihj
,.d never of the people, here I ,,f,
T'akcloiul.
f 1
i