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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
ctni'3 it. k. cuima, rsisiBBNT
Chrlf It. l.udhiKlon Vic t'rMldeui , John I .
Trtlni Tremiuier, Chftrlfs A Tvtr, Herreturv .
fhllln R Collins. John II Williams John .1.
flpuwton, Ciforre F. tloltlmlth, IjrM.1 r Wnillcy,
Plifclom,
editohiaij noAnn
Pius It. K CtRlls, Chairman
llAVin K. gMILKT.,
..Kdltor
joh.v r. jfriTtrc
0?n-n1 T!utnfs Maniire-
Published dally at Tccmo I4Uior.11 ItuUillnr
Indtrtncr nco Squat c, Philadelphia.
Atlantic Citv ri-fM-l'tifon Hulldlng
Nmr York nr.4 Miulhon Av e.
Dbthoit 701 Font rtulMIn
fir. Lotus 013 Olob'-Dtmocrat llullcllng
Chicago 1302 rrtfio.i Bulidins
news nunnAUSt
wuntNoTON Bcniuv,
N. II. Cor. I'tniuylvmia Ave. nnd 14th St.
Vkk Vosk nfRpuc Tho aim UulMlnit
LONtiOM UuHEiU London Timea
sL-nscntrTioN terms
Th Erss l'mi.ir l.ritiEn l served to sub
scriber In Philadelphia nnd curroundlni towns
t the rati of twelve (H!) cento pr week, pajablo
to tho currier.
By mall t points outaldu of Phlli delplila. In
the United tatr. Canada, or United btatea ros
etalnns, postage free, flttv 18UI cents pr month,
Bx (JO) dollrrs pr vear pi.vable In advance.
To all for-licn eoumties 0110 ill) dolKir a month
Noticfi ftubacrlbere wishing nddreis changed
Jnuat give old as wel' ns new nddrres
BELL. JOOO TTALM T
KH. STONE. MAI. 30C0
V Aildrct.i o'i eesnn-umca ios to Eien'ng P'lbllo
iMdticr, nrfrpciirfcncf .o'lttrf. TMIadrtpMa,
Member of the Associated Press
THE ASSOCtATVP mESS s rxclns'.vtlu of
titl'd to fhe iff jr t'tpiiUHcat'nn of nil vh
4lpafeic crediteif to if nr not othrmise crrriifcj
n this paptr, end alto tho lcal nic published
Ihtreln.
All 1 lolif s of repubrieotloti of spoctal dHrotchta
rrrln art aJo rctrrvrtl.
rhllidrlphU. KriJur Vrliruirv II, l":t
WHAT DR. FINEGAN WANTS
IT IS not likely tlmt Or. Pini-gnn oxjiorta
the l.t'Kislnlurr to iigrce Mtli liitn 11 ml
nmi'nd tlio srlioul law n us to cmtiowrr tlir
BiiperintrtiilrnH of 'hool. to nt)iioint every
one eonneeletl with tlie eilurntinnnl hjilem,
from the trm'her 10 the juuitr-
This plnn i hnei1 mi tlie tlienix Hint the
techinrnl woilt nf cdiiciitinn mIkhiIiI lie wholly
In the hnniN "f tedinleal expert". Miin
rlausible nrcuinents eim In- offered in support
of it. lind the time tnm enine wlien the best
opinion will he in favor of tho absolute nop
aration of the business nnd the ediKiitlonni
manttseinont of the publie sidmol-". Tlmi
time hns not yet eome.
Thr Rehool boards, wish to have vometliniK
to sny nbout tlie election of principals and
Mibordinntc teachers, nllhoush thev nre Rind
to jtet the nth lee of the superintendent in the
ehoiee of principal nnd of the principals in
the appointment of class teacher. Indeed.
In this r the superintendent is empowered
to make nominations, for vacancies not nnl)
in associate Miperintcndencics, but in the
principalships
Hut the -1 hool superintendents are llkelv
to nrqe this pioposed increase in their power
till thej pet it or till they find that oppn
Bition to tlie chniiRe is too strong to be oer
come. LIGHT-SAVING OPPORTUNITIES
OI'TId
i.iii;
iI'TloNAl. dajlitfht savmc or the leRal-
if the summer clock h. cities,
towiis or distrii ts has been olmously n tizzle.
A'etatious. indeed, was the confusion rc
niltitu: from such experiments last year.
Time ecotiomv . to be beneficial, is obviously
only procurable b state or fedetal enact
ment. The present session of the Pennsylvania
I.eRislaturo prowdes nn excellent oppor
tunitv fo.- the irystallizntion of public sen
timent, nnd tiimbel Hrothers are sensibly
npenins a practical avenue of approach.
Their adv. rtisinp eolumn in the newspapers
eontiiin petilion form? with blanks for indi
vidual signatures.
it is virtunllv tio trouble to iletneh the
appeal, sign the dolled line and dispatch it
to llnrnsburs If it is worth nti) thing, da.i
liaht savin; i icrtainlv worth this slight
effort
While the farmers have offered valid pro
lesis to advancing the clock hands during the
period of most dav light, their objections are
based on londitnms bv no means irremedia
ble. The chief inconveniences suffered in the
asrii ultural districts ore not so much due to
the enrlv working hour as to the railwn.v
chcdulcs
It should be a 1 oniparalivelv simple matter
to mnke an adjustment of train tunes The
vpry desirable system, according some of the.
most di lightful. health-giving hours of the
timmrr ilii.v for reiientlon, assuredlv should
not be hnndi'-apped by iinretisonnble rigidity
in the transpoitntion field
The petition id a has forceful sunplicitv.
nn element th.it has been signnllv lacking in
publn tieotment of the light -snv ing siin.i
lion heielofore
CAPE MAY-LEWES FERRY
TUP answer of (Jovernor Pd,iris, of e
.Icrsrv . to (lose wlio aie urging 1 lin the
mate operate an automobile fen v from ( 'ap.
May citv to I. ewes, pi! as patt of 1 lie -vs.
teni of state higliwavs, might well he that if
Mich 11 ferry could be operated profitably
private enterprise would undertake it
The governor's objections, howiver am
based on bis belief tlmt the building of .in l,s
nnd the operation of ferries do not piopei,v
belong in the highvva.v problem, lie veined a
bill last vear providing for the feirv. and it
is said tliOt he will veto a similar bill now
befoie him
The ferry b urged hv the fri-nd of the
aouth Jersev le.sovts w'm im to make it
easier for motorists from tin South 10 get
Into the state without having to com" lis far
not th as Philadelphia Thev sat n would
ave a iournev of Jimi miles lr all soithettl
tourists.
Hut even if tin. is ndm eil, 1 1 r re 11. Hn
old proverb abom tie ' .ngci wav lound
being the pliasan""s nod surest vvnv home.
It is vvorlh 'he while i.f iverv tourist from
the South to go to A'lunt.e fitv nnd Wild
wood nnd ( np Mnv bv wa of Philadelphia.
There are good motor road, foi t'o 111 tilremlv
built The Camden fei ry is 111 operation
and it vtll not In man' vc.11. before the
Delaware will lie brulgi d And me south
.lersej resoits are atlrac liv enough anv ivav
lo diavv soul nerners to tneui willmit the
fr-ry ai ro.s the mouth of the uver
JAMES HUNEKER
WIIPA n 1 nt c . epitaph
the 1 oliventloris 111 .
eie, indeed fi e.pii 111 ' nu
(low n bv tin' 1 nepgeiic pi 11
eker. w hoe deiit'i 111 Nc
- 1 1 1
utnoled
vi lih
of la-ru
oik I !
Ill tell is
Tliev
brought
s llllll
1 voked
rvpressioiis of the most giiiiuo fin.'' n the
Teiy liicles ho was i'oiiiiiic mini to suive.v
with the nf and ear of million'
The distinguished iinul v -t "I tin seven
nrts. as lie cal' d I'lein, w nni., ,e Wiilmi
the piescnt gem nr mil tlnie h.iti been few
men endowed with a iimn m neirnl nig judx
jnent of inii.ic lM.nl ng b ei.inie 11111I the
(lia 111 II. to uienlioli Ins , hief fields, or gifted
with 11 more stiiiiiililt ug fi licit of pres.
nion.
Annlogies to Hiiii'V'r Inn inosilv been
lllscoveniblc, in Puiope. especuillv I'miue. as
witness Silillte lieiive, Knn de I oiuriiioilt
and Snreev Hut in Ibis eouutiv hi. 1 v pe
wan rnre, since his scbolai ship and erudition
never degenerated into the pedantic and
although basic, inev table in tout nnlism at
mieb marred his win l, he was m-Mo u gnl'y
I the 1 anl. mil literal v sin of dullin .s.
I 'I, . nt' lUiinini: and eminenllv icndnhle
rs cooi (led ill large pari of neivs-
111 d iiiaga.'iue review., aie in a sense a
liiim histoiv of ( Htlietics 111 nil a
t, U im ri.'iiniMii was of a
Lpl, nt in whl h his Phllildelphil
i Ill.so d hi-ertiiule to tlie hnowiug.
i ' is iinuiicstioiiablv one of the
fi
ever produced In this country, nnd of equal
standing In different fields nre "Promenade
of nn Impressionist" mid "Mezzotints In
Modern Music. "
.tames lluuekcr's passing nt n compara
tively early age he was sixty-one lenves
a distinct gap In American letters. Opera
singers, musicians nnd impresarios mourn
him with the sincerity with which he un
failingly treated tlirm. The general public 1
loses one of the spriglitllest of writers, le
lleetlng one of the most engaging of per
sonalities. IS THE ARMAMENT ORGY
FULLY REVIVED AGAIN?
Can Harding and the Representatives of
Tax-Broken Peoples Stop the Drift
Toward New Disaster?
ONLY a few .vents ago Mr. Wilson's ad
ministration was belli" violently as
sailed in ulniost every quarter for its frank
nnd unblushing pacifism. 'Hint was just
before we jot into the war. Daniels was
being called a grape -juicer nnd n quitter.
Kiiropemi journals, vibrating between moods
of hllni'ilv and Intense bitterness, described
linker ns n gentleman dove, us a war secre
tary who cooed his command to the nrmy
of the most powerful nation on earth.
It is n bit odd nowadays to hear these
same men indicted ns untamable militarists
intent on stimulating deadly nillitnry rival
ries between nation and nation.
And n people who were endlessly criticized
because "f their early desire to keep out of
international conflicts will hear with amaze
ment that they, nnd they nlnne, nre in n
way to lead the world to new atid dremlful
wars.
Tlmt is vvlint some l'uropenn statesmen
have been saying since it became apparent
t lint both Congress nnd the President are
determined to go on with the new naval
program until some sort of international
agreement is reached to assure a universal
armament holiday, fair to everybody.
Certainly tho Wilson administration seems
to have outlived its inconsistencies in rela
tion to questions of pence and war. Secre
tary Hakcr fought hard for an nrinv much
larger thiin Congress was willing to pay for.
And now. largely because of the energy and
insistence of Secretary Daniels and his stnff,
the one hesitating step tnken toward world
disarmament since the wreck of the l.eague
of Nations plan has been retraced. That
was Senator Horah's proposal of 11 six
months' naval holiday in the t'nited States.
The Senate committee has just put that idea
aside without ceremony. We nre to go on
building ships until we have "a navy at
least eipinl to that of nny other power."
A si months' nnvnl holiday formally an
nounced bj the government of the Pulted
States that, is a cessation of nuvnl prepa
ration for that period- was suggested as a
great moral gesture, a challenge nnd n reply
to those who say that wars continue because
nations insist on preparing for them. It
might linve hud great moral effect. No other
government alone ever was willing to do
anv thing of the sort.
Mr Horah doubtless assumed that other
governments could not nffnrd to ignore so
revolutionary nn example without nt once
exposing themselves to criticism and danger:
without revealing their own lack of courage
or sincerity, or both.
Hut j nit cannot quit work on an unfin
ished building or close up a business for
six months without making longer delays nnd
infinite confusion inevitable. An interrup
tion of the momentum of the navy program
such ns Mr. Horah proposed would mean h
setback of vears. not months alone, in tlie
work of the builders.
So. in the absent e of nn international
agreement, the world is drifting into a posi
tion exactly similar to that which imme
diately preceded the outbreak of the world
war There is a trulv amazing similarity
of tone in the public utterances of statesmen
published in lUPJ nod lttPS and the ad
dresses and interviews now being published
from Washington. London and Paris.
Puling minds are troubled and afraid to
pioneer And into the Kuropcan ami Amr-r-11
an uewspapeis of IH'JI there is sifting what
siftul into all international news of P.U.'S -the
complaints of diplomatists, the intima
tions of international enmity and suspicion,
the implications of approaching danger ami
the svvaggeiitig word -gestures that ineviln
hlv louse the sleeping devils in all sorts and
conditions of nun Iichind it all there is
one uucstion :
Who shall be strongest on the sea. where
in .1 html ntialvsis everv matter of war or
loinmcrce linnll.v must he decided V
N'alions, vou see, are not vet so far ad
vanced in philosophy or so freed fiom in
herited pride and acquired suspicion as to
be able to I'liiov ccpiallv among themselves
the supreme right of free oceaus. And the
world Is so made thai Solomon in all his
wisdom would lind 11 hard to say what de
gree of authority and power might be 1 iglit
for one or for the other.
If nil inquiries wete exactlv similar in
se. form and natural environment tlu
greatest of problems would he easy to solve,
lii.t thev are not so alike. The Hiitisli live
on a few- Mauds aiid deep vvntir is between
tin m and most of the neiessitie of continu
nig life. Their interests nnd their fortunes
aie spread broadcast over the scvui seas.
It is not at all strange thai 11 liu navv
should be fundamental in the P.riti.h gospel
of government Sen power is nee. ssnrv imt
only to the snfet.v of the P.t iton nnd all Ins
works. It is s ipremely ncfcssarv to sus
tain his sense of securitv iiml his tnith m
himself. It is traditiotuiliv tin toot nnd
basis of his existence.
It is ensilv possible 10 diffei with tho-e
who believe that Hritaiinin should forever
rule the wave without refusing to see that
at the moment when the Hritisb navv 01 uses
to be the most powerful ntioat something
tremendous and reassui nig. something vital
in thought and spirit, will pnss out of the
Hniish seln nn of enipue It is the thought
of h,s nav.v that gives vnur Hnti'lier the
courage to persist through trials and dilliiul
in. due l.irgelv to his unfavorable situation
on on i-laod besieged eieru.illy bv water.
This is whni ih" ilntish have in mind
win n tln look with resentment nnd anxieiv
at anv one who talks of meeting or pus.ing
.leni in naval pnvvir It is onlv fair to them
in lemeinber tht their mrioi reasons are
somehow not the sort that inn he pin into
words Thev nre felt rather t him umli rstood
'I ins m.vstu.il tri.i h'iiI ih pi ndeti(e of 1111
iiupiie on siip-i w.is what the diplonintii in
London was nppnp ntlv living to rxpic.
V hen he said to some cni'lespiindi'llts that
inei ca and I'nglnnd were trending a pnth
to war.
That vwi. 11 1 1'itn.v assertion if u w.s
evei ic.llly mude It did justice noillin to
the Hntlsh nor the Anient an poini'of vi'w
If there is ever any serious trouble b"veen
the I tilled Slates 11 lid PiNtain it vull be be
, nu"' ihe two peoples nro tinnllv .mitten bv
1 he madness that precedes de.ti uctioii. Por
it , upon the co operation of the PnglUh
speaking races, on their friendship and their
common niidur.slaiiding ami theii united ef
forU. thai the iniegntv and .afet.v of west
cm civilization will depend for generations
to come
ll is possible to talk of war and hate be
tween L'nglish speaking peoples if vou ate
rrnip 1" open the western world to A 111 and
sav farewell lo civilization us we know it
Tlie iiiteileclual and spiritual re.our(es of
this saino civilization and its caput itj for
.f preservation will lie put lo new tests
when Ambassador (leddes arrives ngnin in
Washing'0" '" ln1' ",1 "il'1 ""' n,MV "''
ministration the plans for nn internntionnl
conference for gradual disarmament
Mr. IJardlng Is said to be eager tt or-
ganlzn such a conference without n mo
ment's delay. The Hrltlsh arc eager to join
In It, jet they are still seemingly deter
mined to retain dominant power nt sea, To
retain a balance such ns now exists they
prefer not to build more ships, but to per
sunde others to stop building. There tho
mntter lies.
Meanwhile, Congress und tlie secretary of
(lie navy have followed the only wise nnd
safe course, Europe, worried and resentful
ns It is because, of the new nnvnl program
In the United States, might be referred for
icassurance to the past.
War is abhorrent to Americans, nnd we
linve actually achieved a common philosophy
In which any bchcmo of imperialistic expan
sion fu regnrded as n crime. This country
nt least will never ngiiin bleed nnd spend to
further schemes of Imperialism. Hut the
world is unsettled. The nir is filled with
rumors of secret agreements and secret plnns
of military aggression nnd economic coups
abroad.
iicnernl Dawes, speaking before n com
mittee of the House, said that if another
war comes to tlie I niled States it will come
in n lltish. It will In enls out overnight. We
linve to prepare for the worst or lie traitors
to tlie country.
The alternative Is nn international scheme
of gradual disarmament, which may jet bo
achieved.
And meanwhile, those abroad complain
nbout our growing navy, and those at home
who talk bitterly of its cost ought to look
for a moment into the two yenrs just passed.
The League of Nations, properly founded,
offered the only way out. Once it wns put
aside there remained nothing for those who
desire the snfety of the country but the
prospect of stupendous nrmanient.
Armaments always lend to trouble When
one man shakes his fist in n crowd every
body else stiffens for a light.
THE RAILROAD CRISIS
THI. denial by the Hnilvvnv Labor Hoard
yesterday afternoon of the request of the
rnilroads for die rescinding of the vvnge
agreements and for a reopening of the ques
tion postpones but does not settle the issues
nt stake.
The board reminds the railroads thai its
decision on wnges wns rendered in .lulj nnd
Hint the present hearing was to lon-idcr
working conditions. It will dispose of Ihis
issue before it tnkes up an; thing else.
The board also held that i had 110 juris
diction over questions involving expense of
operation. Its business, under (lie inilrnad
lnw. is to regulate conditions of labor and
rates of wngesv The business of the Inter
stnte Commerce Commission is to regulate
the ft eight and pnssenger rates in such 11 way
as (o provide ndequate revenues to tumble
the railroads to pay the wages and lo jield
a rensnnnhle dividend on the invested capital.
While the action of the lvoard will avert a
labor crisis, it does nothing to iclieve I lie
financial condition of the railroads. The
roads must get more money in .some win.
The government has not pnid to them whnt
it owes nnd they cannot rnise monev in the
open mnrket to provide the new equipment
needed.
Tlie situntion l critical, but there ought to
be wisdom enough to meet it.
JOHNSON MAKES HIS POINT
SICCrtLTAUY COLHY has made the piopcr
rcpl.v to the Senate request for "n copy
of the agreement reached bv the .Inpunesa
nmbnssador nnd Mr. Morris."
This so-i tilled agreement is n pnit of the
process of negotiating a convention with
.lapnu in which the relations of Hint country
with the Pnited States shall be set forth.
The conduct nf such negotiations is in the
hands of the President, acting through the
secretary of stnte and the American ambas
sador to .Japan. It is within the powers of
the Senate to ask for information as to the
progress of the negotiations: but it is nlso
within tlie powers of the President lo refuse
to give the information sought. In fact,
whenever the President has been asked for
such information in the past he has declined
to supply it.
Indeed, il is doubtful if the Senate ex
peited anv other answer (ban that which it
lias teeeived from Mr. Colhv. The lequest
for it was made nt tlie instance of Senator
.Johnson, of California, lie doubtless wishes
to let bis i oiisiitiietils know 1 lint he is Inking
an interest in the Japanese situation. Now
thai this has been established the negotin
tions mnv continue.
THE OPIUM MENACE
AN 1NTKHNAT10NAL agreenuni he
iwten the Culled Slates. Ilieal P.iiI.iiii
.l.i pan and China to suppress tlie iiicie.i ei
untie 111 opium is being .stioiiglv urged bv
Mrs. Harrison Wright, whose lute husband
w.i. so largely responsible for the passage of
the Harrison aiitl-nitrcotie law.
Dope smuggling has been proved lo lie
ominously on the incicase. Dope muniilm
tine is undoubtedly conducted on n consid
erable scale in countries nenicr to our own
than India or China. The seriousness of the
situntion is undeniable, I'liquestionnhle lKo
i- the necessity for drastic enforceable iegii
l.itioiis The four-government oompiiit, if
in gollilted, would perhaps achieve the de
sired lesull.
it is worth recalling, however, that ihe
supervision of the drug and opium iraliic is
one of the cardinal points discussed in Arti
1 le .Will of the Lengiie-of-Nations mv
t'linnl. It is proposed In thni dot unieiii that
the league be given full control of ihe mat
ter This would remove the iiii.s.itv for a
bati h of interlocking treaties
Tlie simplicity of this idea as with many
oiuers in the covenant, perhaps linkul up -pen
I. Hut it is inteiesting to not, how often
problems suitable for handling hv the league
mnclnnerv recur to disire-s liurnaiiiiariiius.
A LONE VOICE OF PROTEST
SPNATQH HL'KKi:. of ihe Wisconsin
Legislature, has rnised Ins vone in pro
test ngainst the extension of the power of
te federal government in a wav not con
templated b.v the const, t nt ion lie has in
lioducrd n resolution in the Wistousin Sen
ale declaring that the lights of Mic stalea
guaranteed by the tenth iimciidtiu 111 lo the
tonstitutlon have been eiutonchid upon, nnd
summoning the other states 10 pttitinu Con
gress to call a convention to di-mss such an
amendment a" would prevent further disre
gard of tlie rights of Ihe different states.
Such n protest was inev itab'e. Hut
whether it will produce anv result will de-
pi ml entiiely on the state of pi, bin opinion.
The extension of power ol the federal gov
ernment over what was nine icgaided ns the
nffnirs of the states has come about gradually
and through apparent nece.sitv. Jus now
the Interstate Commerce Commission in seek
ing to enforce its authontv over inilrnad
1 litis within the slnlc- when those rntts nre
different from the interstate ralis. The
Supreme Court has upheld .iidi nn exercise
of power in the past, nnd if u follows prece
dent it will Mistnin it nipiin
The present tcndein v is 10 follow the rule
laid down by President lton.ru t, t,t the
federnl government hns the power in do any
thing which il is nnl forbidden to do, even
ti, the extent of doing what had been icserved
to the states, if I ne stales decline to exercWe
their fiower. This teiuleui v i likclx to con
tunic until n sensational attempt to ignore
(lie rights of Hie stales smrl( the people
into a lenli.aiion of whin is happening, nnd
even then there infix be 110 sciioiis protest.
Speeches in tlie Picnch Cliniiihei of
Deputies sceompaiiving Hie vote of confidence
clven to Premier Hriand agaiii serve fo re
mind "s that declarations of members In
rrnvci'iitntive bodies arc always to be lakeu
in u rickwicMan sense.
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT'
Dosses, Political and Otherwise, ln
tenslveiy Studied and Some in
1 foresting Conclusions Are
the Result
Ily SAKA1I I). L0WIU1S
T ATHLY I have made nn intensive study
J-'of political bosses, not an mere types, but
ns real Ihe persons! If I xvcre writing a
novel I would sny I was intrigued bv them ;
If I were n reformer I would confess that
I was troubled by them; but being Just an
observer, nil 1 can Miy of them is that they
Interest me, not because they arc so queer
or so abnormal, but because thev are so
natural.
tCvery family lias Its boss, so lias evory
city ward. Sonic families have conllicting
bosses, so linve some wards.
The family boss Is generally n capable,
kind person, who is ns Interested in the
nffnirs of the other members of his or her
family as though they were tils or her own
affairs; in fnct. nt times he makes his family
or his friend's nffnirs his nffnirs and stirs
nbout to help.
When I his help is not needed it Is called
ititeiference: xvhen it is needed it is called
help, but iu uny ease the family boss "oars"
in und helps. Experience In "oaring in"
generally gives him a masterful, assured air
of kindly competence, which can turn to un
smiling competence if tlie help is refused or
ncccpted grudgingly. If the fnmlly boss is
circumvented in his desire for helping you
out; if, that is, jou have purposely kept him
ignorant of your situation and have managed
to make your decision without consulting
him, lie Is apt to appear uninterested in you
or .vonr works, whereas in reality he is
waiting for you to "come a cropper" be
cause 3 on have gone it nlotic. When you
do fall into disaster, if you go to him for
help he will forgive you and give you help
nnd like you nil the better. If you try to
hide your mistake from him and nvold him
lie will regard jou with sluevvd scorn.
That is the wn.v of family bosses of the
mote open type! Thete aie. of course, more
subtle t.vpes, persons of every degree nf coin
pellingtiess, from sweet, ingriitintiiig. insidious
cuteness to evasive cunning, but the open,
kindly, friendly, tyrannical boss is the one
Hint really holds his own.
AND I have come to the conclusion after
my intensive study of (he xvnjs nnd the
wnkes of ward bosses or inther neighbor
hood bosses that what makes them powerful
is not their evil qualities but their good
qtinlltles.
1 remember years ngo having n mnn diop
in to tea with me peifeclly exhausted with
rnge which be hnd pent up during n visit
to 11 ward boss, now deceased, whom lie hnd
had to consult nbout an addition to the
Polyclinic 1Iospit.nl. lie was angry lit having
lo go to sec the ward boss lo ask 11 favor,
lie was enraged that 11 gicat hospital that
was benefiting the ward should have lo first
get permission of Hie ward boss for im
provements for which neither tlie boss nor
the city wns paying. lie was irritated to
lie received by the boss without ceremony
nnd hs n mutter of course that some plncnting
policy wns due lo him. And yet that snine
man would have gone with perfect equanim
ity lo the head of one of the big batiks
here in town to get his good will before
launching a new business venture, regard
less of the fnct that he lind nil the eanitnl
for the venture Hint he needed as well as
his board of directors.
THE reason why the most thoughtful citi
zens dislike and distrust tlie majority of
the bosses that are in power is because they
did not choose them and never would choose
those particular men to rule (heir political
destinies. Hut they are chosen, tacitly nt
least, and b.v a majority or they would not
arrive where they are, or "stay put" so
firmly.
They were chosen because I hey hnd n
knack of minding oilier folks' business with
a certain masterful flourish of aptitude that
put their neighbors under obligation to them
tor past favors and also because us their
power for good favor grew, so did their
power for ill favors.
L'ET us suppose there is a kindly butcher,
J or plumber, nr even saloonkeeper in
vnur district who got lo know the family
history of all his customers, and because he
took an interest in them came and looked
vou up when vou were in tumble, went
linil for this customer and saw to il that
that one who was thrown out of his job
gol 11 soft place in the City Hall because
his lirother-in -law's cousin happened to
have influence. Suppose little by little (his
power nf taking trouble for bis customers
widened lo taking cnie of their friends and
their friends' fi lends m everything, from
bargaining down the undertaker at a funeral
to seeing that the neighborhood turned out
and paid for tickets at the firemen's benefit
ball. Now giving help msis money, if not
your money then sonic one's monev! Wheie
tan the money mine troni so well and so
jusllv ns from the ibh'.' Hut the bois does
not know most of the law-abiding rich (0
speak lo in Ills neighborhood : there is,
however, another class of rich nt nil events
easy -money peisops whom he does know
lo speak to. In his character as rescuer
lie has more llrni om e made them lose
their stranglehold on some victim that was
a friend of his. lie knows very well the
lawless rich who are mining money by
breaking Ihe laws in keeping Hpenkensie.s or
gambling rooms or disreputable houses. And
from these he collects tribute. How much
of this tribute goes into his pocket depends
on the boss, but the very fact thai he hns
lolleeted it obligates him to spend the bulk
of it on his friends when they are in
tumble or on t Iu ir friends or on their
friends' friends. If be kepi it some one
would colled it fiom linn P.ut of it must
go. no doubt, to proted the very persons
he hns held up fiom oilier tollectors, part
of it must go to "fix" iirlain niithorllles
who might mnke tumble pari of it goes
for oiling the political machine of which he
Is a humble cog, bin the bulk of it goes
toward helping the trieml upon whom he
can count in tlie division or the ward or
the district or Hie louniv or the stale I'm
there aie bosses divisional and also in
vvnuls, just ns tlnie aie 1 utility bosses nnd
bosses federal.
TT DDES not nlwm
fol'ovv that a ward
J. boss is until r 01 thus
1 n county boss.
A mnn may ilom.nai
hold no political oil
nianv wards and yet
he may dominate
n whole u" ntm im'l onlv 1111 obscine
polillnil position, probably just enough to
give him the legal right to an office iu the
city hall, or perhaps onlv a desk, lie does
not arrive at Hint domination b.v wnv of
un airplane, but bv sheer ability to attend
to other lolks' business and by a power of
making all fnvu- mil and all his deeds
favors for those lie likes or wishes lo like
him. and till hi. ienris.il. peisonnl, too, and
all his deeds lelrihutions foe (hose he dis
likes or disnes to have feai him.
TUP. icnsoii he 1. vt 1 v haul In dislodge
once be lias betoiiie the i ccognizcd boss
is that both his tiiend. mid his enemies
trust liitn as 11 man of Ins wou. That word
may ln very limited ami veniil. ami he may
lie a very nude, blatant chap. Inn he under
stands a bargain iiupui "iitl.v and all it im
plies both of los. or gain.
Tlmt nhilnv 10 make ami lo keep a bar
gain remains with him ufier his kindly,
tovial na'i.re ha hiiulencd into gruff
Iviiinny He admires n iu others. If Hie
big chief stand, bv a poor bargain against
Ills bitt'r ic.J,'.'iiiciit. be'iiuse he has given
his personal word about nn appointment,
the roughest ami loughe.l of his follower
will uiideisluud niul inaik lime for him.
Hence (he vn'ue of the picturesque epi.
soil" latelv staged between Senator Penrose
and Stale Senaini Ciow with regard to (he
speakership appointee for the stale LcgiN.
I,ll",; , . r
My invest igat ions of boss lifter boss 111
Ihis (own have a. cl led me to no renieilv
of bow (he lown is lo he riil of tlie bad
ones I 11 in wondering if wise men could
boiiow their palienie and Industry, and ley
iv slit er neighborliness and shrewd com,
mnn sen e anl a long foiesight lo establish
good bo doins nnd just political niucliine.s,
"It's n long, long way to Tipperary ."
t
!
t'.,lfW
ASiif., . .,?.,,
m x,. -?"1'- f.- it. 1" .r":,," "ti'iiri.r'i.f" .iM' i3HVir
.1
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Talks With Thinking PhiUuMph'ums on Subjects They
Knoiv Best
Daily
ASA DON DICKINSON
On the Work of a Great Library
Th'
HE librni inn's position is not so ensy ns
ooks to the reader who draws books
from Hie other side of the counter, says Asa
Don Dickinson, librarian of the Pntversity
of Pennsylvania.
"Miss Steno thinks to herself. 'I wish
I were a librarian. They just hand out
books and when there's nobodv around they
gel lots of lime for reading the new iiiiiga
zines,' " Mr. Dickinson said.
"And Mr. Dodge lord says, 'Librarians
know an awful lot. They read all the time.
People ask 'cm all sorts of questions nnd
they always have to know the nnswer.'
"One is about as fur wrong ns the other.
I linve never vet seen a library so well
organized that thete were not dozens of tusks
deninnding immediate attention. 1 have
never been able to read iu mv library for
ten minutes with a good conscience. 1 1 has
beep said 'tlie librarian who reads is lost.'
lie cannot afford to know a great deal about
nnything unless it be bibliography. He has
nnl Ihe time. The librarian who doe.s his
duty is elertinllv condemned to superficiality.
If lie does more than scratch the surface in
any one field of knowledge he will find him
self totally and therefore culpablv ignorant
of some oilier lie'd. He ennnot hope fo
know a subject, but only to know where to
find out nhoiil it. Por lliere are only
twenty -four bonis in the librarian's dny. ,
"The Library of Hie I "nlversily of Penn
sylvania contains more than half li million
books and seveinl million magazine articles.
1 suppose a big merchant hns two or three
million obiicls in his big store. He needs
a lot of piople to help him lake care of
them, loo. Yet his task is comparatively
easy, for be has n lot of spools of Ihtciiil
and oilier things Hint nre exactly alike
Suppose the millions of things for snle were
practically all different, ns in 11 library.
Wnii'dn'l il lie a prdty elaborate system
of arrangement Hint would enable him to
put his tin n -1 on the object desiied at a
moment's notice'.'
.Musi Have .Syslrm
"Ked tape is the Impatient man's name
for system. Mill system we must have iu
)f luil Do You Know?
QUIZ
1 How Inns Is 11 lunar cycle?
" What l.lml of an nnlnml is an 1 la nil"
u What part of a ship wua foiniorly known
as tho lai hoard '.'
I. When was the Ihirw liilan theoiy of the
orinln of spocies und survival of tho
llitisi first publicly propounded'.'
5. How should lin won! consilium. Un be
pionounceil when It Is used as an
adjective, nu lining muiplele, perfect.'
C, What Is the clilel characteristic of a
mnnogtiipli"
T Whnt was JIallhus' law oT population?
K. Win 11 vvas the Inteme Corillnln formed
b.v France and Ureal Hrltaln?
!i What Is a Buffer''
In When was Wordings election lo the
f'lesldencv lonnnlW announced In
I'oiiaiess?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1 ,M IvaloKcroupnliH In tlie pu sent picmler
of (in ece.
:' An i:igllsb ill is forty. Ihe Indies lu
length.
'I .loan of iif was huiiied nt the stoke lu
Itouen. Kiiiuce, In I Ul.
I I'owpciis l- 11 lown in tiai innbiiiK countv,
south Ciiiolliia wheie an Inipnilani
liniile look plat u between thn lirlllsli
mull r T.uletoii niul the Ainerii.ins
under Morgan In 1 7M, in the Anion
an Itevolulion, the Aini'i leans win
ning dn Isixe V idol v'.
5. li.iliitcu w.n nn ivory statue c.iivcd by
Pygmalion king of Cvpiiis ,. t't-1 1 In
l,.v, wltli 1' niul on bis piavei, Aphro
tl 10 gave it llff 110iln1 liulnli.i in
I .assictil 1115 1'irilogy was a si,i nymph,
btloxeil lis I'oh piicunis Inn iicimu n,
love with Ad A.rs was ci ushed under
.1 bug' l"ck b' U" gain I'olv phcinus
and Onlnten threw beiadf 11110 the hcu,
wlieie she Joined her sister nymphs
ii. Halli'tiiH Is Hn hi 1. net of in, 1, mi ,
Inavv bodies pioiiclnl into sn.uo
7 linpioiiiplii Is fiom the I.atln "In
luniiipto," In 1 mill i '' at li.inil llime
II means miiik thing done offhand, with,
out prev Ioiih pu'lKirallnn. as ,m (x
tcinporaiimus composition In iiiusic.
S John IIiihs-, the Mohemliiii 1 lunch re
former, lived In the latier pan of tin.
louitrenlh and the iarlv part of (be
lirtedith centiirv.
9. Anatolia Is 11 laige teintoiv w thin the
former liniindiuh s of Astatic 'I'uikrx,
in urlv Identical with Asia ihIiiqi
1(1 IMouord Manet the French nillsi ilPlt
18S3). Ih regarded as Ihe fou-idei of
the modern school of lniirc3bIoiilutlu
painting.
WAKE UP!
WJS?tv tfrAmWPitttPMWZ t
iu- ' ,r''.,ir.-j 11 m 1 r&zrz-z-':,,' w
" mmrnm
any library. It's not easy to linve just
enough to keep things iu order and nut
enough to make otic uiinecesary barrier be
tween the render nnd the book.
"The merchant's task is easier than ours
in another way, loo. Hoth library and store
aie continually receiving great quantities of
new material. When a customer takes 11
shirt out of Ihe store, however, the mer
chant is ordinal ily Hiioiigh with it. .Put
xvhen a reader takes n book fiom the li
brary we expect thai he will bring it buck
and must arrange to check him up if he
docs not. lu Ihis way it may be said Hint
we do no cash business. All of our thou
sands of customers have 1 hnrge accounts.
And iu our 'store' the stock is nlwnys
glowing larger. For in a library like ours
the worn-out and discarded books 111c few
in number in mmparison with the new
comers. Older Than I'nlted Slates
"Dlder than the I'nlleil Stales is this
Pnivcruty Library. Franklin gave us
hooks thai we si ill have. So did Louis XVI.
Many another generous man has thought
of ns when disposing of tlie choicest vol
umes on his shelves, and is held In grateful
remembrance bv olio of the scores of dif
ferent book -plates which mark our books.
We huve been aided bv n constant succes
siou of benefactors from the dav of Frank
lin lo that of the Curtis Publishing Co.,
James HosmiT Penniman nnd the lute Or.
Kosrugnrteii. I'o p nearly "(10 years, this
ii'ouiilniii of books has been growing. Not
nil I'enusy Ivniiiaus know that Philadelphia
ioniums the Inrgest American university
library, with one exception, outside New
York and New England. Ours has never
been a wealthy institution. No Maecenas
has ever lavished millions upon us. Hut
our graduates have made ua known through
out the v hole country nnd in many foreign
lands. Never 11 day goea by that we nre not
asked to lend a book to some institution out
side the borders of our slate.
"Tlie librarian's work is nn sinecure. I
linve never seen a librarian who hnd grown
1 icli at his 1 Hide. Hut lo the mnn who loves
bonks -all books and feels the call to pub
lic service, it is Hie finest job In the world.
And here is a thought for young men ami
women of the right sort thcic nre twt
riirni'ili linitiril (ifiiariaai to nn round."
j PEGASUS APPALLED
ON MY poetic Helicon
A wild Meed gallops nil unchecked.
And as his hoof-heits thunder on
A thousand thymes of mine nre wrecked.
I show- him ills from Ninth to South
Sights that iuspiie heroic lines;
A golden bit within his mouth
To only madness lie inclines.
My I ale of woe on Europe's strand,
War's horror, youth's sad, futile death,
Appalls him of ti 11 us he stands
Witli Hashing eye and limning breath.
Hut he will do no Muse's will,
Tills Pegasus, uncurbed nnd free,
For though gieut passions in him thrill
He fulls befoie such misery.
Oh. hnd I n less fiery steed
One mellowed by life's racking span
How soon would all the wide world read
My plea that Peace might come to mnn 1
On my poetic Helicon
A winged hnisn innms helplessly ;
No Muse may ride his back upon"
To word a verse aright for me.
- Lurnna Sheldon, In the N. Y. Timea,
How Victoria Hit the Bullseye
About fifty years ngo Itichnrd II. Dunn, a
very will inlrod -d young American, xvns
much enlertaineil by the greatest atid most
distinguished of the English elite. In j,js
hook. "Hospitable England iu tho Seven
ties," Mr. Dana shows many churming and
amusing pictures of the period, Once for
Instnnee, on a gala dny, he snw Queen Vic
loriii make' 11 wondciful bullseye at 1000
yards. The voting man's suspicions were
moused mid he asked how it was possible
for her to shoot so well, and Lord Spencer
explained to him Hint tlie rilln was set in a
vise, 1 lie wind lesled, the rifle fired several
limes until it was exactly udjusted niul Ihen
a sin,,.,, coul was tied at one etuj 0 (
trigger nnd ihe other end the queen pulled.
Passlnn the Buck
I 1 r.ni II ' t III m';i, , u 1
"Excuse me." iciiiaiked the polite bandit
who is up with the times, "I hale to loh
you, inn inc ii'iit goiters drive
They put mc mil if I Jonlt pay."
mc to it.
.ka
SHORT CUTS
Well. w-(
the big fuir.
now iiiiisluiig on toward!
homier or later llroome inny rine H i:jvt
111 me lioarii 01 iMiiieaiion.
( oolness and patience aie iKPiifl j0
Kensington if tragedy is to lie nvoiileil.
Militarism thrives
bales trouble so much
light it.
because pailfivnl
that il irfipct, fJ
Theie is a stoic ciiliu about tlie hqunrl
man whose whisky is stolen that cmnraonjil
llsell lo tlie philosopher.
Some members nf (he opposition In this
(tale probe of nutliracilc prices ate due fori
a nine pioue ot their own.
The ("treat American Hen. fooled lv tb
wenther, is said lo be laying lur .nilircp
01 eggs; April looleil, as It were.
I roin 11 cursory glance at the iicrtl
pnges we gather that (be team Hull vunvUitl
squash title must be some punkiiis
(irrmnny will doubtless be able to dflitl
notion of the reparation council until tkd
election returns from I'pper Silesia are in.
A West Virginia sheriff has nnt.iril diJ
twin sons Wnodrow and Warren When ill
comes lo names, those kids gel Hiein 1 omitul
and going.
Members of unions incline to the bfliill
t lm t the suit for Hie dissolution nf tlie Amal
gamated Clothing Workers in New Ycrll
lacks siiiiih of its buttons.
Mill Hiiiger says this guv Willii-I
Shakespeare, who hns n couple of shntm ill
town, pulls an nwful lot of o'd stuff, nnd 6l
wonders how he gets nwny with it.
The recent nrrrsl of a mnn who cnul
sold the Kronklyu bridge to a dupe gives rKI
to tne meinnchnly reflection Hint some oniri
world s very best salesmen nre in jail,
Hurglurs carried the safe of n local fell
firm from the office into the rear irll
where they vainly tried to open it. Do vbI
suppose they though! it contained coal ?
Alabama Joe nt least ilemonstrnted fiul
we have a bunch of brave men on our roll"!
force. It takes nerve lo Inck e a liwl
thirsty glont in the. dark while the Iwllrtil
arc Hying around.
Perhaps Frnnce needs Hie arniin n
which she is spending money; but tlie fill
leniuins that were she, snendlng lrv (HI
inii'H 01111 uriu'i liiuci; unn iui uic
lnttoii of her debts.
itilnK. .,.1,1. IiaIi... ... ....1, ah th. ennpti.
The Obrcgon government, we nrP ';
Bured, gives Mexico promiso nf intern
peace. Nothing could be more grntifvint t'l
n country that has suffered for years froaj
a pain in its tummy.
Put me on a jury with mv mnilicr-nl
law, said Trueman Typo, nnd I'd tM
"Judee. vou'pe irnt to excuse one nf ml
Does this indicate anti-feminism or simpil
love for an old joke?
The zenl wlrTi which nrohibltlon ctiforr
ment officers in Now York nre innkint il
drive on patent medicines, perfumes and lui'l
tonics might lead tho unthinking to believil
Unit whisky xvas scarco in Mauliuttnn.
A Birmingham, Ala,, policewoman iil
site is going to wash the laces. 01 nifc1
tho meetR vlio nsn nnlnt nnd novvder 'IhOUP
we sympathize xvlth tho Indy officer. 'l
foresee legal complications for tno niuum
panty sua Rerves.
Daylight saving is all right In It t
it is to be hoped for tho sake, of wor
hut
peace that tho community of interests unit'
(it). VrnneA nnrt T).lntwl nrblcfl tnnV mftlD U
tit
deslro to Hnvo tho daylight; after it 1ms l"'
knocked out of tho Holshevlsts) will .
necessitate the nlnntlne of dragons iceto "
Kussia's little war garden.
Von Hlndcnburg says French nulii'
lenders are tinablo to rid themselves or v
r ,, .1 t..1... ktniull PI
u'lir in ucriuaiiy, houuucm ",, ,,
Frnnec'a decreased population. Ho P'"
with soino authority. Ho helped to jlefrej"
tho population. It Is to prevent hi' "'
repenting the performance that Irauce
planning.
England finds it necessary to Ho Jj
unnecessary thing by repudiating inc"'-
iiig "I iiiuciu rviuiiuiin oeiwcs-u . -, ..
ititi und America, said to have been voloJ
11 Hrltlsh official. Even the "iiTeposteroat
sometimes needs n disclaimer. mn?ri
be forced to deny Hint tho nioon Is mJ
-.1 ..A t ,i.n- to unr lu
KII'CU lllll'Sl! HOI Ut'CUUm! llllltio"-' ,J
llhood of others being misled by tfio asserHoj
nni uixuuni; iiicriruiuy 00 duhiu "v. - - u 1
that ho himself i0 fool enough to belIor I
hlng D00K1 01 uranium; uiuucui
1
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