f
SB,
.
PUBLIC LEDCJEK COMPANY
ctol's u. k. cirrms, pbeudbnt
Charles it, Liulliwtoii Vice 1'r iliWiu. John C.
Martin, Secretary mid T cnnu I hllp -lllim
.Tnhn 11. Vllllnmit, John J fc'puritcon, Dlrwtnf.
nntToniAT nonn
Ctni'n H. K (.'I uti, Chalrr.ian
Tivvin k sMii.r.T. , Editor
JOltV P MMT'T-N n n -il Tlutn-it Mnnngrr
rublltiuJ ''illy nt l'tmic Liunit:n UullJlng
1iiiJ p. a. nee ii'iuiu, 1'hlhttU-lctil.i.
AtmntI' Cm rrm-l'iifoi lluilJIng
, NKW YuiilS Hill Miiillmiii Axe.
Dvthoit Till I'oM MulMIng
' St Lorn Ui;i (llobc-lMmacrat lliilKtins
CittcAno 130". TVll'iin., IlnlMIng
news rifni:AfS:
XVasminiiion Hviiuu,
.s i: Cur 1'tmwh.anl.i Ae. and Hth St
New Vi'iiK lUiil'M' The Sun lIuiMlnr
London Uinciv lAinJon rimrs
srnscniPTioN ti:i:.is
Tho Etit.NiNn l'liuic l.nimrn Is senesl to sub-
cr.l.err la l'hll.i.li iphln uml MirrouiiJhi,; tuivns
at II') rot" of twolvc (12) cnt per w- ek, "ij-nble
to ill i c irrlor,
Uy ni.nl to points putslJo of I'MladsUhla, In
tho t'nlt.'l Suit a. (.jiikI. or I'Mted Si u.'j. poa-
ctlon, i mt,ivi fit . tur t.u c Ms y?c month,
Blx OH) ihllarx p. r r ,.i,,t.l. in ndvnc.
Ti all for tun rounm.'-t n 11) dolour n month
NOTiir Pub?crUwn. wlnhire nd.lrM chineed
muat Kivo old as wr'! ,n imv address
11LLL. 1000 WALMT KCTONE, MAIN 3000
d" .liltl't 3 nil rtii iu-i ca lo.ij fo 7.ic nliitf 'utile
tjtt-fr. hitlrpniflrHCC Stjuarr, Phtlntl' l,il,tn
Menilirr of the Associated Press
Till: ASOCt.lTFD miss (a rxchMlrrlj ro
tlttitl f. io t i . .' tea' 'wi ,.' I .im a
fJla(rtV'M , yftfUti ' tit it i - "f il'llTW l(- ( rcihti it
til f'nt ;"i"t, o'Kt oo th t'tcnl itr.ct riiMfs'irit
f herds.
All Urtiti nt rritu'iltcitti i r ' fjn'ctal itninfeS-ci
herein ire i 'o r" f r'
l'lnl.1,1. I.hln, lliiifdn. Drrrlllbrr 30, 14:0
FRANKFORD "L" STRATEGY
IT IS llliili'llilltiir lll.lt illi ii-luu of H SU-jii-i
llui)ii .NiiuniKii.i i anal had lilllt'll to
, do with tmiil ili'i kihii umiii tin' 1'aimtiia
route. Witlintit ilniwmg amiIiK too ulo-x'ly,
It inn be -niil tluit a ias of tiatiounl liis
torj i- iis:i;i'ti'il b tin- roiitriuporur) local
. ri'fonl.
Ma.Mir Muni'.' lui .iiiiiiiinii'i'il that lilnns
liavr lii'on il-.iwn unlit ntiim that the city
m!I i. ni it' pmi.T t ii tin- I'rniiUforil cli'
vatnl frnt.i it mm n pi nit A imu uiitliui'd,
tilt- I'lopii-'iiN i nil t"i tin- (TiM'tlntl of mu
nicipal power .i.iti"ii- which will vit'tunlly
diipliiati' .onio of tin-.' wlni'h tin- 1'. 11. T.
Low oppruti for iN -.iirfini' cur litii".
Mr. Mom.' 1uh tin ah il to Inm an ordi
nanci' intriiiliii i'il prmiiliiiK for tlic tnkini;
oit of additional pmpi'it for tho Fair
xnmiiit aM.-iiui' Mibtatioii and for the ta-tmn-
at Arrott street and I.ettetly stuvt.
If the whole project i. evei llti'd the city
, will he in n position to maintain the l'rank-
ford I. without tappinc the power resources
of either the Ilnpid TuiiiMt or the I'liil.idvl
phia l'b'i trie ( 'uti.paii
The prnspci i of iii'l'iieiidi'iicc furnishes,
pnlpahlv p M id li.irea'ti.'i!; niaterial which
nia emu,, in ii'nnh in tin lease ni's.itiatioiis.
Ohviniish it would be foolish t. tint the
eastern s.vn.ni of the iit wrh power sta
tions it a sutlii lent n imber were nlreadv
nvailalil" just ) it would have been foolish
for two i anal- to hne b dui; m iVntrnI
Anieriea
Itnt the city will lo..i- nothini; b lnnkim;
forwanl It ,-nii afford to lay plan- fortifv
liiK its indHpi'tideiiifi, . vi n tliointli a munici
palh oieiateil I. line is not what was trcn
ernllj epeetul and h.is seldom been re
parded as the most pi-.n tie.il solution "f a
fitiintiini that can he sittKd by common
sense and fair donl-mr
CONFISCATORY TAXES
CriU-.DKKH'K C. H ''. who was
ijuo'iil oa flu p.ii e:oidu . put in
words what thoi,ai.is .,f business ni"n have
been thinking about the s pmhts tu-
He sanl that it was an abortion of th tir-t
nualitv so far us jutn or eeonouiii. prin
ciple is ii mid. The tas. he said, i-
based on a state nt nel'idiiii; an inventor
the Milne of which is I'oiistaiiti llin'timtiin;.
The netu.il profits are added to bookk. eping
profits aiel on t , i j, uiii the ta is paid
'I'he 1 KU'ipiii.- pi'idits .ire those shown, by
the invi ii' ir I'.m sinf- n vain hae in
ninn iiistain.s i .-.lui'-'il the aetual profits to
,nmcii less than thost.. how n when the state
ment was rii.Hli-
How t'li.s ork has !. t.n snown h Iianiel
C Ii.'p. r. forini r cot. riiiio,..r ,,f internal
reM'iiiu . in an nrtii Ii in ( 'oiiiin..ri . nml
riiimi. i. Mi Hop r .ins the ru- ( a
silk in. n hair we, tii.idi- a . asli pi-., tit of
.VilMMMiu , i'hj,. UIlll llt th t,ni (if th(i
yenr hud g mils ,,n .,n, , , i(, v ( ,(l(, ,,
They had . ,,t him oi.h .'. mhi ihhi IIi
V-ns coin,. ,., to !i.,w an in.iuor profit
of Sl.l'i I" era to'.ii piotit of 1. 71111.000.
His ta on this w i ssiiu n ii !t the
valui; of his s'oi k in.; sMMiik dining
1020 Until It W.- v ,! ., ,.j .s'' (Hill immi
The tax !... imd t pm i, t. .,.,., ,, nt
J71'1S;"," "i"'-" i ...i. !. - .as, pp.tii, ,,,,,1
. his In- I -hrinknge in vain.. ,.f l,,s st..,-k
ns 5simi i ,1 ,1 1
Vinl' i iii a i in-1,'1,1.1 in ,, ir ;. ,,,,, m..
prising tint lien tan. ! ar iv.'h rl. business
condition- are d im n,e,i,g t ,, pr. s .r , x
profits ta i,,,r is ,t . ,, , ,. ,,,lt tll
secretin- of the tr.a-,.M ,- ..nrng that it is
destroy. ng t. mi-j ,..n.s... taxation th-iu
selves Hi p.v.-riiii. -n-. ,ti ..i.tisea'... pr.,p-
' "n ll,r' W,. ,. , .s ..rl.n.rf re-
main to I,. 'a... ,, . , ,,
FIUME'S FIZZLING FINALE
OAr.ltllM.i: Ii.v.NM l mstonav..
VJ '" i, i- pun, : , , 1,,- -..,.., . ,,
te' i i il I'.. - , ., u .,, M,irk
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will r. ma ii i. .
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lint UIlll1.. r i , .
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Hew 4o! im, w ita ii Mi ,,,.
illllUIIlt
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!' '- ' "'"' '" ' "I 'I us mi .n i'. iniM.r
I" ' ' " .iii'l -im i- mud, m tint tin..
EDUCATIONAL COMMON SENSE
uji .K n..Ni i,. n. ,, u.
J ' '' . i. ii m ,. s i,r h.'lona
I" i I' I"1 Il' a! 'lull S!.t. in '
V '' ' "' " -I'M.''- ' i i. I. not urn. I. ts
III I I 11 ' - I". ' ! t Ihlll II s ..,ll.
.in- ' b; ..i ot'i. ,i . i ipow. ,, ,,, fH1,r
nl i l' li . li tl . . I Inoii ., ,,, ),,.
T . t in i o'i ! Hi- Tlioiim. V. r',.
cgini is ih . i. v .1 neither , 1I(
1' "l.llls' I I .i s lllstllll tli.n 1,4 (Is
p. ssilnc i i ' . i .ii I , 1. 1, nor ii one w iki
' I! Ill t . '' eslhcli, sin,,,
' P' li'l I ll.le lie .
Ii ss'j , . , , "iliicati.i il
' tr. 1 ii" i ,.f.'iit of
public instruction, declared before the Penn
sylvania Educational Association the othcr
day that "Pennsylvania has tlio opportunity
to become the greatest state 111 the Union
ho fur as vocational education Is concerned."
Hut this recognition of the itidiistrinl and
economic .situation in thin commonwealth
need not imply that there is old olio key
to education.
Sclentilic and technical schools throughout
the country have appieclatcd the value of
general culture for specialists. It is absurd
to Imagine that a balancing and fusion of
the two policies Is unattainable.
It is. indeed, principally fadillstn b both
parties which has created th" breach which
Dr. l-'liiegan rightly believes to be by no
means incparnble.
MEET UNCLE JOE CANNON,
PRINCE OF PHILISTINES
A Most Useful Man Is Ho, but One of
His Sort Is About Enough In
Any Congress
TKN' years ago there could luie been in
Vongti'ss no such storm of felicitations
as bent .M'sterdny upon the slight. Ironic
tiguie of I'nclc .loo Cannon. The country
would 'iae felt that the gentlemen of the
House hud gone suddenly mud. For the
muckrakes were nt the peak of their en
thusiasm and "Cannonism" was a term of
withering hatred which political reformers
used as the brick Is sometimes used in a
riot.
Times have changed, lttit .Mr. Cannon has
not. He is the same proudh iinregenerate
Philistine that he nlunys was. with the
..nine notions of legislative procedure, the
.same distrust of innovations in and out of
Congress, the umiii1 harsh and colorful vo
cabulary, the same Ingrown dlllke of artists
mid the snme nolsj detestation of intellectual
pretension, Vnruly little children once were
told in ominous whispers that Cannon would
get them If they didn't liehave, and they
would shudder nnd meekly obey their moth
ers. N'ow the gentleman from Illinois Is
glorilinl b his colleagues The House and
the Si nate and. indeed, the oonutn at large
Iiiim- ai i epteil many of the views tb t Vncle
Ii nee held in almost solitary grandeur.
Are we to suppose that there is sortie good
in a Philistine, after all. and that virtue and
unwisdom are still the boon companions that
the were of old V
Vncle Joe has iust rounded out his forty
fourth je.ir in the House. lie has served
longer in Congress than any man ever served
before, and he has always been known in the
Ilecord as the gentleman from Illinois. He
might better have been called the gentleman
from the prairie country, because he reflects
in his speech, his habits of thought, his ab
errations, his irtues and his weaknesses not
so much the Illinois of an older day. but all
he Middle West.
It is only lKces.nry to read the Itecord to
know that he has persisted in the mood of
plnies where the Itible is still read and be
lieved in. The clang of great old words is
in his disordered speeches. His comparative
allusions are oftetns' to primitive and an
cient tilings. lie ha a faith in mortal
strength that is as barbaric and unashamed
as Vli'tsche'.s, but. rnlike Nietzsche, he
kiows no more about art than Henry Ford,
and caies even less. Vmloubtedh Vncle Joe
has n blind side. Aitists. anhiteets and
landscape makers, who always abound in
Washington, writhe in something like agony
at the mere mention of h's name. He has
fought and woefully misunderstood them nt
ever turn. Against their attacks he defends
himself bv boasting of his understanding.
D'dn't he find his eyes hlitided by tears when
he first looked on the gient mural decora
tions at the west end of the Capitol in which
a family of pioneers move loiiesomel toward
the Wi st. 'ind isn't ,e o,i record with the
assertion that James Whitcotub Kilev was
a poet sure of immortality in the hearts of
men?
The scholars and fh" cog osi-vitj m the
Ilmi.e taruw up tlndi bauds in despair ana
go awn to other plir " wlnn these things
are in. litiniinl The renumber n time when
cm"i the harilhoiled members from Con
necticut ami Texas squirmed in their seats
lit the
gestion of Vncle Joe's that
as
tin- population of this yreat cituntrt in
creases" additional stories would have to In
built on the Capitol in the place where the
dome is now.
Sin cessive administrations have had to
mobilize all their forei s to keep the gentle
man from Illinois from filching the small
public parks in Wnshing'on, and even a part
of tin- great Mall, ns sites for new govern
ment buildings. What w.i. the use of spend
ing iiinni'i for .ites when tln-r" was so much
nib laud around?
All this is iry sm Hut it was Cannon
who believed in I.angley and gave the m-w-nfor
of the an pi. in- all the m.u he
iieeili'il for hi. exp. riments. nnd it was Can
not, who stood iii.t againt stampeib s that
would have carried i cully destriietle anti
corporation 1 gi.l."iou tli.-..i.,'li Congriss at
a time when t ,. rporntioiis i hanks largely
to their own errors, hmi got themselves
univi'isnlh disliked.
If Vncle Joe has stood apart in the House,
if in- lias b" nine sunn thing like a significant
landmark, it is not b ..tiise of Ins whims
or Ills p. i. ..mil clmrnctcristi. s. It is be
cause h.- 'i alwins the !ntlciuuu from
Illinois-i,..t i ,e ii. nt li mini from I'topin or
tl.i i! ni.. ii. an from a l.aud of Ilreuiiis or
lb 'f a ward or a political machine.
Illinois has grown and i hanged since it
ir-i s. nt lmi to Congress lint it is from
' ii.Hin.ir4 of tho wide, unfilled fields of
if .f swollen rn.-rs and 44il1brnes.es ot
..f'llcd timber and of hard-listed men nnd
1 .1 . w. 1 king vol.nli. 'Mil, no time frti in
ii-...;.. .-tioii. thai Ii,.!. .1... I, a. drawn i.is
ii.pii.r.oii IK- -e, ms to f. 1 1 during 11 l.nge
part "f tin tun.- not like a , ongrcsMiinn. bit
ike the i.atriur.-h of the clans - 4,.t.
.. bin, to Washington "(hit tin n he
-.I'd on., with a w ,ne of his , heroot t. 44 m!
'. t'mg -in. "tlo job of a 1 oiigi,.. man
- ...,t an . .4 on. When the rain fa! . .,r
f'i. dr-eight "III", w 11, -u the weevil g. r. in
tie . nttol, 4 III II the .tops fail or tin wife
f !!. H'k i" ip. or the Im4 runs nwn fn.ni
'.on..', tlo turn '1. tl ngressnian mid
p. him ."Mellon to be their eoinCrter
And 44l,4 shouldn't they? They Jiiim- in, one
I-. 'Ii.s.' rsndori. pb "asps there ar. 4ivid
stigg. sfiojis .,f ,f, s ,t is 4ei in the larg. r
areii-if Minn, a oflifi as it is exp. ri. in" ,1
In t'n it mi whose labor, the eounti-4 .,.
pei is imiilh for it. ".ittiniiiug cxtsti tic., nnd
t b nd ns mid tr'biilatii.iis that th.uigl 1 1,. 4
ar, sM.ing, to tie -I'liolaiw in Congr. .. arc
.ili the portion ..f most ,,f h'jtuiiniti.
Formal ulu. iiiinii a- it known in the
iinv. .im-. ,11 to., often b- a pr...... ,,f
.4 -t iini'i' x. I 1. ion, ,, narrowing ,,f l,lt
..,,- .1 - "i " nt 11f11.11 of atri-n'ion ,,,( nl.
preciiitioti mi things alien to tin warm cur
ieiil of t! 1111011 life (if that son of
I dlll'lltloll t licit' Joe had little. He llisisf,
that '1 linrn-d b tooling aioiind .Many
of 1I10-. who followed him III the flals of In,
.T.ngi!, '.live wished that he had more .,f
w im' I'l.-s. s for culture among thus,. 44-1,,,
are not u-lintH sophist'cati d Ccrtainh he
Woillil hllM' lie. 11 11 more Useful innn )
Wiishlngton ami perhaps In would have been
a more suet essful politician if he had hud
that particular ort of additional cipilpiiient
ltut I'm-le Joe preferred the role of the
proletarian in p"' cr and he had little faith
in thing, learned out of books What he
knew of business, enrpoiatioiis and legisla
tion be hiii'lii-d foi the most purl in the in..,
of experience. Ho has little of the know I-
edge that can bo acquired, through theAx
perienco of others. So it was natural enough
for him to believe that art expressed in
painting and sculpture Is n useless luxury
et. joyed only by the rich, and that it should
therefore be subjected to a very high tariff.
Tho Amerienn nrtists didn't want protec
tion. They fought against It. Hut Uncle
Joe was immovable. Similarly he is said
to lime been eager to snatch away the public
parks in Washington because he Imagined
public parks s places In which the billion
aires sat down on nice afternoons to loaf
and smoke expensive cigars while the rest
of the country went about its useful work.
Some of those who have watched the career
of Mr. Cannon during his rise nnd his fall
and who try to perceive clearly through the
dut of the wars lu which he has figured
hold to this day that In; Is the last product
of the environment that produced Lincoln.
That Is hardly n fair assumption, since
Vncle Joe had an advantageous start in life
and lie passed his youth m a comfortable
home among people who were not by any
melius poor, ltut he took to Washington the
traits that are native nnd almost exclusive
to the Middle West an insular and dogged
belief In his country's ability to get along
magnificently by itself without any regard
for any other country; n hard nnd narrow
jet capable mind, n dislike of unfamiliar
things and endless trust In strength of body
and strength of mind.
Cannon really has spoken, sometimes un
consciously, with the voice of a vanishing
Amei lea the America of open spaces and
untitled soil, and men who fell timber and
make roads uml are simple in heart and
courageous and direct In speech.
The scholars and tho theorists have tinted
ami derided Vncle Joe. They have had good
reasons in many instances. Vet in one way
he was and still is superior to most of them.
For he didn't import or borrow ids stand
ards. He didn't get tils opinions from
France or Italy or Athens or Itoston. Ho
got them, such as they are. from the soil.
They are his Inheritance. The philosophy
that he acquired In tills way must be pretty
sound, for nowadays, when bis friends have
fallen away, when he goes ntone in the cor
ridors among meir who have forgotten that
he was once n C7ar. Vncle Joe lights another
,long cheroot nnd smiles nnd Is content. He
knew the way of the world and was prepared
to endure through its changing moods. And
that is more than you can say for most men
in Washington.
THE WAY TO DO IT
THi: Mnyor's instructions to Police Lieu
tenant Marple, commissioned to clean
up the Fifteenth wurd, arc u model of their
kind.
In direct, straightforward language the
lieutenant is told that it is believed that
gamblers, protectors of 4 ice and illicit liiiinr
dealers ami makets ure doing business in
the ward, and that he is to secure evidence
against them and bring them to justice. He
is warned ngninst spectacular raids and
ncaiiist arrests without sitilieiont evident e
to secure conviction. And lie Is told that
lie must look for his orders not to outside
political meddlers, but to his superiors,
namely, the Mayor and the director of public
safety. His assistants are to be men of his
own choice whom he can trust, nnd both
lie nntl they are to feel that they are backed
by the whole power of the administration in
what they tlo.
These instructions read like those which
Itiiosevelt used to give hi- men when he was
a police commissioner in New York. They
are the kind which heuitui cmtj- faithful
police tiflicer who wishes to do his tlutj.
The ollicer who gets one kind of instructions
from the City Hall nnd another from a
ward leader, with a threat from the ward
leader that if he obeys the City Halt orders
he will be 'broken." is between the devil
and flic deep sea so long as the waul lender
tan uiiike him IndicM' that he dare not inter
fere willi protected vice. Vnder this system,
which has prevailed too long, we have two
citv governments one elected by the people
ant the other self. constituted and responsi
ble to no one. And so long as the self
constituted government can intimidate the
police it can reap rich profits from pro
tected vice.
Now Mayor Mooic hits decided that there
is to be no paitner.sliip between the police
mid the Melons elements of the city. He
tills icfused to make terms v j 1 1 1 the political
leaders who would go along with him if he
would let up "ii the liciiiiih resorts and ullnw
tliem to 1 ollet t tribute from them. The
leaders aie imiv lighting him because lie in
sists mi biei.king up the sj sit m under which
vice has In ell proticteil. Sonic of the Pell
rose h mil rs are as hostile as are all the
Vale l'inl"is, but the Major is indiffeient to
the nlliliatioiis of the leaders in whose 44 arils
conditions are bad.
Tic Fifteenth ward is commonly regatded
us n Penrose ward. The petty leaders
are .u.poi ted of being in partnership with
tin' .111. 'It operations .supposed to he going
on tic re If this wartl can be cleanul up it
will In- insier to clean up the other winds,
f,.r as soon as it is manifest that political
pill is powerless to protect the lawbreakers
the filthy ciew will run to ihht if they do
not go .nit of business altogether.
Lieutenant Mm pie is the right man for
the job. He IU041-1I that he could do a thor
ough jol under Mayor Hlankenbiirg. He
did it so tlinioiighly that win 11 Mayor Smith
entered tiflice lie was transfer! ed to the
police boat Ashbridge, where he hud no
jurisdiction hut the peculiar kind of law
breakers that In- had put out of business.
If there is any detent citizen who fuils
to back up the Ma or in the light which he
has unib rttlkt'll it i because he does not
understand the nature of the forces with
which the Minor is iniiteniling
A LINK WITH MEXICO RESTORED
ri(,.NS ot the uuthuitn il of peuce in
0 MeM'o blue bten iiuiiieiou.s of late.
X , howiver, is iimri iMHi-ing than the
setilcin. lit of the hiug ' bantu iimditioiis rel
ume to the lnteichaiigc of luilwaj lolling
stock
It n niiitruet which has just been signed,
the Mi n an railways an- le established as
lll.ks in the gli'lltest of all lllllway systems,
extending. i"Ughly speaking, from Prince
Rupert in ''" noithwtst and Halifax in the
liorl In nt " M'M'io and Jilllt. inula cities
in tin- s,,uth. Cars delni'it'd to .Mux-lean
railroad- prior to January 1, P.ll.s, me to be
1 . I.siih l-i il lis .old lit cost price.
Tic ai ti nipt in trni h and 1 4cr all this
erillllt lolling stock lill in en g4Cl p, J(e-
ginning on Suturd.i). Mesii .111 and American
rail. say s will excliaiiB1' mis on the dollar-n
i,-i4 rental basis pieailiiig thioughout tin
I nited States
In ollni 44ons, the Mexiinn system is
ri instated in the pun in iit b ague of railwus
in the noithern hulf of the Ameiiouii conti
nent. The hetteriinnt of shipment and
other trade relations is inevitable.
Most significant of all is the trust im
plied 111 the uriiiligeuient made bv the Amer-
II an Railway Association with the lines of
our neighbor republic. The stamp of rcalit
upon the Mexican renaissance U unuiiatnk-nine.
,u 1 n.141 '
, NEW YEAR'SAY'
Different Dates' Observed Among tho
Nations Making of Good Resolu
tions Harks Back to Caesar's
Time Odd Customs That
Prevail
Ity OICOIUJK NOX McCAIN
NKW YIUll'H Is a world-wide festival
among civilized peoples.
The New Year which with us fnlls on
January 1 Is celebrated by only a small por
tion of the Inhabitants of the earth. The
greater number start the New Year on some
other date.
In Russia, (Ireece nnd the Halkon states
the l.'ttli of January is ahelr New Year's
Hoy. They adhere to the Julian cnlcli
dnr. 1'ven the Japanese, In some parts of
the island cmplie, have accepted tills date
Instead of their own.
The Chinese New Year, or "Shin Xenn,"
falls several weeks later.
Thus the Ciregorlan calendar gives us one
tiny as the dividing tine, the Russian cnteu
dnr another. The Mohammedan tins still a
third, while among the Hebiews there Is n
fourth. The Chinese, the Japanese and
various Independent tribes of India cele
brate still another.
There Is no particular reason why the
year should begin with January 1.
There would be some reason were it to
begin nt the winter solstice, when the sun
reaches his greatest southern declination uml
turns to come northward again,
In the' Christian world it would be even
more appropriate were the yenr to start with
Christinas us the anniversary of Christ's
birth. It Is so near the solstice that, so far
as the length of the day Is concerned, they
practically coincide.
When Julius Caesar reformed the calendar
he named Jnntiarv 1 for the commencement
of a new twelve months. It was pure ncci
dent that tills date was fixed.
Perhaps Ids experience In the office of
augur had something to do with It. He had
what in modern slang would be termed a
"hunch" ttiat his reconstructed year should
open with n new moon, mill in thnt particu
lar year the new moon fell on January 1.
WHATF.VF.R the date m riling to our
calendar of these various New Year's
days, nil of them are celebrated with rejoic
ing, pomp, ceremonials, mimicry or merri
ment. To the western Christians theie is one ad
vantage of a New Year beginning in Jnnuury.
lhe spirit of Christmas lingers In our lives
11 ml cements the period as a continuous time
of joy and happiness.
Until the Inst liolf century in this country
nnd Vnglniid the bestowing of gifts on this
day was ns general as on Christmas,
In Scotland today much greater Impor
tance, ns a festival occasion nnd gift time, is
given to New Yenr's than to Christmas,
It was the custom for ceutuiies in the Old
World to celebrate New Year's F.vc with the
ringing of church Mis and the singing of
ballads in the streets.
In parts of Vngland the lasses of the vil
lage carried from door to door a bowl of
spiced ale, which thej offered to the inhabi
tants, in return for which they received
sluilll presents.
Another custom, no doubt the genesis of
our present New Year's masquerades and
processions, 4vns that of the voung people
exchanging garments and wandering in
groups through the village streets. It was
known as "mumming," or the parade of
tin mummers.
THV practice of mnking new resolutions
011 New Year's had Its beginning among
the Romans before the Christian era.
These usually took the form of prnmlso of
reform or the adjuration to cease some ob
jectionable habit.
AIM T . .
firt
Foitunately. they had the wine
no.
Till: making of presents on New Year's
I)av dates hack to the Roman emperors,
llieir favorites i;ave them gifts in .-rent pro
fusion on that day. In Kngland the practice
I riininj u
cached its lielitiit during the reign of Queen
.lizabelh. She leitniiteil the... ..(T....!...,D o
iii..iim-I1. .-Mir H'L'llHini IIH'NI IlItoiMturo no
pinpiisiies ot the crown
The greater patt if not nil of the peers
and peeresses ,,f the realm, the bishops, chief
unit cis of state and the tpieen's household
servnuts down to her apothecary, master
cook and sergeant of pastry "made good"
with a present of some sort.
In Flbaheth's "Rvery Pav Rook." in the
iiccount of her "Progresses" v ,rouK, :,,.
land, it appears that slio -,.'i4cd gifts on
New enrs cii.stiiiR n e,.,uI ()f S
of money, jewels tiinkets and wearing 1,0.
parcl of gieat value. " '
, ?'"' I"'''11."' made presents in return,
but. like the shrewd old danie that she w,h
they were of far less value than those w,e',
she received
At the Court of St. James today the
pining of 11 .urn n-ph.,... under the dinner
plates of tin- two chaplain--in-waiting on
New Y nr s Day is a survival of the nniient
vogue.
A MONTI the nut ions some x,.,, y ,,,. M
.... V.su,CPs ."f ,1"' ",I,I,'f s'-t are observed
lhe Rulgariaiis believe that the dull ami hi.
demons ate more than irsiialh acthe then
lhe most extniordinary pains me taken to
propitiate them t
These demons make mvay with amthlng
they niny fain that happens t,, I,',. ,.ft
empty liroimd the premises. Wnti i- is there
fore left ill I4.,4 vessel Mini a lug of 4Vooi in
c4crv 'art and so f the mo.t supersti-
tinus of the pea. ants , t rilu ,M1r
clothes on thi- night for fear of the devils
mnking 11W114 them.
Among Hi. Vlacks. a pastoral people of
(.recce, cmm v New el,r caller is expected
to throw 11 pint h of salt 1,11 the tire, f,,.,.
that lie must 1Mrrj ,, ,.KK ,() tli rhjc.,.
bouse and pine,, it in a hen's m st If this
offer finds tn 4 or with the fi4 it lavs a,, ,.,,.,
to match th. gift, mid the guest Is there,,,,,,,,
consideicil ,1 mascot mid is feted ncconliugh
In .lap..., a glass rone with a ,1c,.,, niitK."
Is festoon,, I across the front of the house
while om i- hi, h entiance swings a great tassel
of grass ..'iitainiiig a scarlet ciayti.h
It is ., 4,1-4 satisf-i,,g talisman, be, ,,,,se
for the r. ninlnder of the year no evil snii-It
will dui" entir the dwelling. P"U
Chimin. 11 on New Year's Dnr in Pliila
delphia ii.i.I nil o4cr tlie world pay all debts
and -1111 tie M'ar with a .lean bonk It is
an iiiliniiable practice that itiiulit be adopted
in tin. mintry. ' '
Tilt: goon old f.,i,, ,,f ope,, ho,,s,in
,N"1 '"J. V'" ll-"v J'".,,,v generally
. .. ., --' ''..i..,.. as
'"h" "
,Vf revi4e it dm,. H,(,M ,M
Tie Vos,,,,,l a,t is ,;is, t f jtH
iienr 1 ,.114-14 i.illtv is to 1 oiisidcred
Among I'len. h Caniidians it u il. .,,. ,.
44 I II ever won,,,,, j, mi,,,,,,.,.,) , )(. 1 '
to r.-. 1 Im- visitors
, .. 1 . . .
the paternal nenison.
In n ib b.ie on pioliibiii,,,, in f u,u ,l
wits liielilnuiid the fait that Xo,i, ,,.n!
wine nnd strong lupines and J4-ciI i00 ,,...
It mm be pointed out for the defense ,',u .
1 4 er. that he also lived for a considerable
period on wafer
period on wafer
Woni'n 1 ule unions the southwestern
Indians, .aid 11 speakei at the n ting of th,.
American Anthropological Soeleti held In
this city. Is this a boost for feminism ,,i
11 knock?
The Lock wood Investigation In .4v
York lias at 'east been provocative of many
promises to be good.
n neo ,111111m 4vns eiinsen god f the
iiiiuiin 01 rue year it was because of his pos
session of two heads. This made It cm
veiiient for him to tool; backward nnd for
utml nt Mm untit.. tit,...
....... ..v , Mini- it'll-.
As intelligent man is supposed nt the be
ginning of the yenr to reflect upon his past
and resolve to tiiark out a new course for Ids
future, the selection of the two-headed deitv
by Julius ( nesin- was ,1 fortuitous choice
It was also their privilege to offer nt the
shrine of Janus cakes of meal with salt and
wine.
wiip
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadclphians on Subjects They
Knotv Best
LAWSON ROBERTSON
On American Atretics
A
MFRICA, n nation of specialists in all
1....,-, ii-iii ,.,.,ititiin, tn sni'clati.e in its
,,,1.1. ..i,, '.is,.ln tl.n tlo.oi'les nnd ideas of
research organizations and societies, accoril
ing to l.aw-son Robeitson. director of t nick
and field athletics t the iniversit of I enn
sylvaniii and assistant coach of last year s
American Olympic team.
Mr. Robertson is inclined tn scout a re-(t-ntlv
projetti'd theory that a system of
eugenics can pioduce super-athletes in the
coming generations, but he does ndvocate u
more universal and all-around training as ; n
groundwork for specinlization if the Indi
vidual desiies tho latter.
"The reason we have won recent Olympic
games." Mr. Robertson says. "s the system
of specialization which is characteristic of
this nation more than of any other I see no
reason why we should not go 011 winning in
ternatioual competitions despite the un
doubted fact that in other nations, far more
tlinn our own, the general mass' of the popu
lation lias indulged in some form of exeicise.
Rut even the American business man. who
lias up to thi. time been onlv too icinly and
willing to neglect Ids idiyslinl development,
is beginning to realize its supieine necessity.
"It is, of course, much easier to test out
theories 011 the ipicsiinu of physical training
among college men than in the general com
munity, ntul so 1 will speak In-st of the
former.
"It has long been in my mind that ( allege
athletics, with tin Ik stowing ot .1 letter and
the production of a team of splendidly en
dowed specialist, in one or peilinps two
brandies of spoil, are bv no mums ns per
fect nor as thoiougli-goiug as they could be
made.
Mass Athletics ii Failure
"As a result in" this syst.n, a small body
of men in our big institutions git the strenu
ous training of the t'ootlull in Id or running
Hack, while the n niainiiig L'n per ci nt or so
inn tii-ipate only 111 gy miiii-iuni or mass nth -ietii-s,
N'ow, to mi mind, mass athletics us
tl ietl out both III the ill lll and in connection
with the Y. M. C. A. Ihim proved a failure.
The reason for that 1 nit has been the luck
of the competitive eleiiit'lil
"The individual does n., necessarily have
to have a tlesh and Ii'o.mI opponent or be a
Member of a team pl.nin.' against another
team, tint lie at IcaM inut have some goal
to attain or some mail. 1,, itach. That is
why 1 lass exercises In ,, g4,niiasiuin do not
iiibii'M' the necessary 1 -n 1 r . mid that is whv
a great propoition of il.e average college
student I101I4 get litllt good out of their"
physical education.
"M iib 11 would he t,, ai range n piogrnm
of .poits. a sort of pentathlon. In which nil
1111 mbers of the stmb lit body except those
physicalh unlit could i.i',,. part. The Cue
ilium Ins of this piogMi would be a matter
for ilclib, iiillon. but I Jit suggest swim
ming, running, lope clim" -,v mid either some
form of tin owing or .iiinpiiig, with the fifth
In 11 lit Ii lo lie lu the 11.1t mi t of an elective for
the individual.
"Ill se swimming In .ms, I believe that
should lie part of own man' eiuipiiicnt
Running, both for spud a-,. eiiduinuic nl.o
would have value bey mid il .K,, ,,ir.t,
and lope cliiiiliiiig is a -. .,d a let of the
stiingih of a mail's inn-' ,1 . ns j imnv ,,f
ami also has its pu-sibb p ,, ij,. side. The
thiowing 01 lumping !" .it 44011I1I retiiilre
a certain amount ot i"hniuil skill nml
44011I1I be valuable for ilni reason.
Would Run Through Finn-. Year ('ours
This pentathlon won .1 tl ,K, (,L,
four years of 11 man'. . , ', ,. touiM., and
would be so iiiianged a. ' . be an liub-x to
bis phy.inil improveint hi m ihm time.' A
1 el tain ".lie "i- Mules ,,f 1 innn iim .l-ind'ards
would lie sit. and the 1 m 44011I1I thus have
ouiethiiig tlelinite to stii4. .,r, '',, XVa1))
be tested from time to Mine ,, .,.,, ml
piogiess tin 4 had made, nnd w mild, on gu,d
lllltitill. receive, if fln'4 111 I , 4c, .pccijil ev..
,,1'en.... II Mlisltj letltl 1 1.1 us Hieillheis of
,,e foolhlllor Illicit lei.li, f ,H.V , ,
.put. 1 1 nib this high -l.iiidai.i. ,, did do
piod woik, Hun might b, SiWI ,!.,. jm.
Im insignia, just as me n,, 4 .u,.,, , ,, .
minor spoils nnd on cln.t '..u,,..
Thus tin 4 44011I1I lime .1 ,, ,, ,.(,,v
44 hull IMillld elicolllllge il..,,, .oiitinue
gl4lllg lltlc best clllllts . Uiloh.Hil . ,
4.. lis. I kin.W tills .gllll.g of ,m,,.N o j
no n w ill In sulci ed In n - 1,, ,, ,.,,
11,111. but in the final niiiihsi. wa should not
t,e individual who ncliiei.. ,i,h ,ivi-ih,.
il, a niliubi'l of foi ms of lithe in s ,e lewindci
just ns much as the mini 441,., special j,,,,,, j
olle follll and does liotillil.4 111 l,at f ,,,,,, v
llllt. ll I said befoie. , ucsfiou f
uuiveisiil 11II1I1 tn - Is solo. tiin,4 , Hlheh ,lf
fennt. Il i hind to pie.. .1,, f,. ,,
eral mass of lhe piople. Ii 1. tin., howiwer
lhat the laigllsh ciltlcUe 11. nl,,K (,M I)(,'
A crowd of 10(1,00(1 uttciuliiiK an Kngljs'l
"THmCT, 'THRIFT, H0RATM v ,
soccer game will prob.'iblv contain 00.000
who still actually participate in some form
or other of athletics themselves. How many
in 11 cioivd at one of our baseball games, or
even nt college football games, are so
equipped? Probably not .'!0 per cent,
lnccnthc Necessary Quality
"It is not to be doubted thnt un nll-nroiind
physical foundation should be laid in the
case of every innn, but the question seems to
be in mnking that tiniiiiug possess qualities
which will attract the individual, the first
and fni c most being incentive and the com
petitive spirit.
"it might be that city governments could
take charge of universal athletics, but then
is always the danger of the result being
merely that type known as 'mnss athletics,'
shiIi as the army developed.
"And in the meantime America's young
men will inntiuiie to specialize and will prob
ably continue to win Olympic meets despite
the apparent luck of long-dlstunce runners.
And as it is a fact that the Olympic teams
nre composed ill n large part of college men.
such n theory as 1 have suggested in regard
to training the majority instead of n smnll
niiuoiitv of student bodies in all-around ath
letics might' very possibly resultjn improving
still more the quality uf our future Olympic
teams."
THE UX BROKEN LINE i
WF WHO have trod the border lands of
death.
When- coinage high walks hand in hand
with fear.
Shall we not hearken what the Spirit snith.
"All ye were brothers there, be brothers
here"?
We who have struggled through the bnlllitig
night, ,,
Wbeie men were men nnd every man
divine.
While loiind us brave hearts perished for
the light
l'.j clinliicd shell holes stained with life's
lich wine,
Let us not lose the exalted love which came
From coiniadesbip with danger and the
joy
Of stiiuig souls kindled into 1l!ng flame
I!y one supieme desire, one high employ.
la t lis dinw closer in these nariower years,
Rehire lis still the eternal visions spread;
We who ouiimisteicil death and all Ids fears
Ale one xi cat 111 my still, living and dead.
Canon Stntt. in lhe Toronto (ilobe.
Resigned
I'r.'iii the N-w 11,14. 11 It- tntfter.
It may be, as the scientist says, thnt from
a physical shiiidpiut we are in tit h inferior
to piehlstorlc man : still, most of Us would
1 tit lit r be inleiior than pichistoric.
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
N'nnii two Independent republics which
44ii. iinnexiil to the United States,
What Is the ' ll.iKdiol button'"'
In what Impwitant l-.uropean buttle did
the LeiiiK'Ti'iiiH on oiie Hide formally
InUte Hi. 11 opponents to tin first
What Is m. .1111 by a coloiatura soprano?
What 1 11 01 is i mi ,i Maim.?
(in what hictl 1ll.1l. et is th. modern J tnl.
Ian lauguaue bast d'
What is a "je u. sals quol"?
What Is Ule tilth 1. in o between u hyper
I un! 1 11 p. ih'.la '
What is n s.ihbaih.il y.ar'
Who 44.1s lb, lino Uoinaii emperor to
10
1 ule o 1 1 Ihiglaml .'
Answers to Yesterday's Qulr
Th.- l-'luiin unions in t'tiii,i ,v ir.Muiun
410 ami 1,1. foices were known as the
St III "t ljll.mil 10
,i Ii'.lns ilny-l.uiisac was 11 noted Kr. noli
chemist an. I . . 1011.1111. Ills dates
Tin Ins' lr.iii.coniliieiit.il rnllinad In
Am 1 4.1 , I now 1, as the c, m,-,,,
I'nclil. . In tw. n San Knuieihen ii,,l.
I. mill ami (it.lin. and as ,. I'm,,,,
I'.tt (lie b 14.., 11 uH,en ,,,,, 1 iiinah,,
Vli.ili.il r'.ui...in was des.,1,,1,,1 l .
M..IH in.i ..a n... th. .at,,,, "hi"
I. 'Ill I Was ,. M , "'
Mil " tin .Mtillhrniiifiiii, olf th..
1. .11. 1 of Spain
Th. Win or 1 S 1 lasted lor two 4,.,,
in.l si 4. n month '
J..III.S st Shellll ill 44.IS Vice I'l.Hldem In
Tall s ..dmlnlMi.itioii '""' '"
vThe .imlitzl ii4. 1 Mows Into .Mozamid,,,,,,
cii.ii.u. 1 pan ot ih.. imu,,,, ue.1,1, '
Two .1101,11 'in h bv I it-in .'.Hlfi'u,,
(i!ulllM--s Ti-iimIs' mid Th.. Ti.lt, of
1 uiiiiiliiM cloinls in.- loiimleil masses ,,r
clolltlH Jl.Sip.ll 0,1 ,,, ..III,,',,,,,! ,'
1I1L' (ill .1 !.i .i.i Ji.n t ,. I I '" l
1 1.
i-o'jiiid.-r is tli,. 01 Uliml nuil mure coi rect
foi m ot Hi,, wniil cullender.
rrTiV, - r"? .7
SHORT CUTS
Flume still fusses.
The Marion guessing contest grows in
Intensity.
Jack Frost Is giving Mother Kan 1 1
cold deal.
It is evidently easier to raise "I.'" .
to operate it.
Kventsire justifying the aggressive,
of tiio Mayor.
The Mayor's ax has its own idea .
perfect thirty-six.
Delawnre bridge meetings arc still L
held up instead of held.
Newspaper publicity is one ml
Llnu'burner didn't seek.
Perhaps tobacco shortens life, but I
Joe Cannon doesn't believe it.
Chester has burled I. M. A. Knot'
but that guy never will stay put.
May the good work continue until
dope peddler is a drug on the market.
The Kmcrgcney Aid Christmas
proves that Hantn Clans is still busy
. TJ'oMter renders nt least hove .lei
titrated the power of a blatant minority.
American dyers who nre hunting f,
fast black might Interview Jack Johnson.
- "mV1i iN bo'", now?" walls the Var
dismally. "O Temporal Oh, Moore is'
The politician who jockeys for nib
tagc occasionally finds the horse Is on Ii
It was a Kilos WegK line the pr
dent of Council submitted to the llinin
limerick contest.
"Let him wprlse!" cried the Mar. .
which proves him ns good a word-mlnter .
be Is a scrapper.
In the matter of ups and downs, I
and the clevutor have nothing on the tie
mometer.
Mayor Moore appears to have tho Tin u
her of the Vare-Urowii-Cuunlngham mm
blnntion.
Disarmament plana do not affect Netf
otHh citizenry. Tliero every Jnhnnv tiuijr
get his gun,
Any practical politician will tell yon
thnt reform should be carried out like any
other corpse.
"They enn't touch me!" avers Alrxh
I.lmeburner; meaning that they can't gtt
under his skin,
Dougherty believes the "Wilson lengiie '
s dead ; but how can it be burled in Wash
ington while it Is active In Europe?
Anyhow, TTncle Joe's cigar is as ditlw
tive and as Importnnt ns- the ex- kaiser's
mustache, tipped at the Mime angle.
We knew that the first robin of sprint
would bob up before winter was tnlrlf
stinted. It has been seen in Kennebec Mr
The first skating of the season took place
iu the open yesterday. Indoor skating lo
the doggeries hat) been going on for soan
time.
Custom makes cominnnpliices of (imnxing
things. Think, for instance, of waging '".if
on a bulge by attacking vice in his horae
district!
"Out of the Hurley Riirly ' might Jo
scribe the present plight of the liimlierjiiiii
111 tested nt Hurley, Wis., after a round nho
wood alcohol.
W would rejoice more over lhe hiiti'l
ing of Ids authority owr to the C011111111111I
Council by D'AiiiunizIo if it were imt 1
icrtain prelude to 11 series of intenleun
"Rurghirs" robbed a (ieiiiiiintniwi If'
1 best iimlihiyed juy.A iccoiiIn on the iietrt'il
while they lite siiiier. (Mir guess is tlij
the foragers arc jokers on the siting I''
of the householder.
There Is patlios in the ston nf the fit)
draftsman and Ids wife, ding iiihllets. si"'
to the Hoiihc of Correction for six umiii '
so that thei may be cued H 1 ") l"',',
markeil. iiicldentillly. that the lei'J f.ie' I''1,
such a sentence has been Imposed "'''',
1111 end In view moriilh bind- tho city l s"
to il that the cure Is ellccllvc
s-ri
; .1