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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
Crnt8 H. K. CUP.TJB. Pbkiiipbit
. Charlea IL Luilnirton. Vlco Irm.lnt, Jnhti C.
Martin. Bwretary and Traaurr n rhlllii H. Collins.
John n, Wllllama, Jrttin .1 Hpurfin, l)lrfcinr..
KDiToniAi. noAnti!
Ctici IL Id Cuitta, Chairman
DAVID E. SMILEY Editor
JOHN C. MAHTIN,. -Ctncral Tluslaeas Manager
Published dally at rustic Ltnatn UulUUng
Independence 8iusrc, Philadelphia.
ATUXTIO ClTI Pnai-Ltiion Uulldln
Mew Yubk ....304 Madlron Ave.
Drmr , .701 FnrJ lliilldlng
fit. l.on 100S Fullerton nulMInc
CiilCAOO. 1.T02 Tritunr nulMIng
NEWS UUP.EAUS1
Wjipivoto UcnKAU
X K. Cor. Pennsylvania Me and Hth Pt.
Ktrr York llumuD ..Tha Hun Bulldlre
LOM-ox Drone tindon rimes
SUItSCRIPTlON- TEP.MS -Th
Eti.NiNa PCM io LxDacn Is arvM to uh
crllxra In PhtUrfelptiU and durrnmd'nn town
at th rale of tweho (12) centa iwr week, pajablo
to tha rarrlr.
.n1.mH " Points outildo of Philadelphia, In
the t'nltnl Stntra Pnnnd-i, or t'nltM Sialyl" pen
asalona, postaao free, fifty (.in) cents per month,
Blx (in) dollars p-t ynr. pavahle in ndnnre
To nil fnrlin countries one (II) dnl'nr a month
?OTIcr Suhaerlbera wlchln aiMresi chnnRfsl
mutt elvo old as cU nn new artdreM,
nrLL, W0 VAtNCT KFY5TOST, MAJV 3000
KJ"Addreat all cominn It rllonn to Rrfm ig Piiiric
Ledger, Independence Sqiinii-, PM'ci.' Itihia.
Member of the Associated Press
TUB ASSOClATFn MESS tit rc7n(' rlv en
titled to the use for repuW(cnfoi c all iifuj
riltpnfrhrt credited to tt or not of.VntHc crfr.'llnl
u tilj vapo-, and alto the Ucal cut) iiubi'lihcil
tnrr(n.
Alt rtohta of rrrubllrnllon of tperial dtspatdits
herein art alao r servrd
l'Ml.dflphli. Silurdtr. Otlnbrr 9. 19:0
A I'Oflt-YVtP ''hp-tmn run
riin.?)'-T.Pin
Thins on nlilrli thr iko-'Io rift tlir n?
n(lnilnltrtlnn In nm'rntr ito ll nttmtloiu
Thr Drlnwme r vr h'tili".
A drydock bo niouuh to tii camvwdati thO
larptMt nlij
ucveiopmrnt
the
hall.
rnrid (rcnill ayafrm.
A roiifiiffott
A buildinp fi' th" Free .ibrcri,
An Art jujfum.
Enlargement of the it ntrr Aunnfu.
i ilomra to accommodate the ponuinflon.
r GOOD AS FAR AS IT GOES
I TyUErrOK rAVE.V nnnounccs that hg
- has made nrrnnRemontt to buy fifty-nlx
' pircpa of stri'Pt-elrnnlng npparntvis nnil l.riO
n horRCft n soon ns the City Council nppro-
prlatfs the nropssnry money.
llie njiparntu.i will he used for elertninit
theatreet hotwocn South street nnil Colum
" bin avenup anil the Dclnwnre nnd Sehtiylklll
rlTor.
r The 'lirectnr ptlmnti". thnt it will eot tho
dty $380,000 1p to do thp worl: in thin
district thun the lowpst bidder oflfprpcl to do
, It for. And Iip nlso ejjtlniatex that $400,000
will pay for the eiiulpment noedpd. At the
end of thp yenr thp city will have the equip-
tnrnt, so thnt net ypar it will bqin to
j profit by thp urvnt conomlrs in doing its
own strppt elpniiins.
Theie firurPR jutify tho "atimateo made
by those who have bepn usljtng that thp city
clean all the strpets and eollcet thp garbage
nnd nshes and all other rnbbinh innteod of
letting out the work on eontraet. And it
makes It difficult to undprstnnd thp rpnons
which have led the ndmin'atratlon to post
pone carrying out the plain Intent of thp
charter. No ndpqunte explanation hns bepn
offered. We have neither been told thnt It
was adminlatratlveiy inexpedient nor have
we been assured that it w.im (luani'inll im
possible. Director Caven's estimate of the saving in
the central part of the city seems to indicate
that the financial part of it would have been
most profitable to the city. I'lider the nr-
i rangement the contractors an- to get the
I profits in other pnrts of the rltj and the
'w date when the city Itsolf w'll take over all
the work l to be left imHInite.
.Afeantime, City Council, wnich mut net
positively in favor of the contract system to
permit Director Caven to carry out these
piecemeal plans. U still debating whether or
not to take the step allowed under the
Charter.
A TRIBUTE TO PHILADELPHIA
fTUIE approaching transfer from New York
to Philadelphia of the headquarter of
the Railway Itusincs Association Is a trib
ute to the strategic position which this city
occupies.
The association, composed of manufactur
ers, merchants and engineers selling goods
or scrvlcek to the raiiro.ids, finds it conven
ient to have its chief office within easy reach
of Washington nnd a No in u great city in
touch with the rnilrond headquarters Phil
adelphfa iR two hours narer to Washington
than is New York. Two great railrnnd sis
tems have thpir mniu offices here and we are
only two hours from the offices of other na
tional railroad systems in New York.
The national shipping board discovered
the advantages of this citj before they were
diseovprpd by thp Knllwuy Business Asso
ciation. Its offices were first in Washing
ton. Rut although it was building ships in
Tarlous partn of thp country, it removed Its
offices to Philadelphia became it could be in
more direct contact with all the ship.nrds
tnd because the chief shlpjnrd in which its
ork was going on was here
When nil the gieut manufacturers here
follow the example of -nine of the most en
terprising and have then t i ipf selling ullices
in their homi city the whole ominunlty will
begin to reap nil the ndtntiMges that can
accrue to it from the industries in which the
working people earn their living.
NEWEST WHISKY FRAUDS
TJOW many trustful people hne paid
fabulous prices for nleohol-and-wnter
mixtures flavored with pepper, sugar, shoe
polish, prunes and a lot of other queer sub
stances beenuse the bottles bore what seemed
to be gowrnment labels with the comforting
legend "bottled in bond"?
The experiences nnd observations of the
federal prohibition agents mal.e it appuieut
that millions of dollars are given up every
week for surh concoctions deftly cased and
neatly labeled. Only the most ingenuous
buyers and they seem to be countless have
been deceived. When the federal agents
arrested counterfeiters of government ware
house labels, in this city thej were only be
ginning to break up n new sort of swindling
game that has become nation wide since the
prohibition act wbh inude effei tive.
Whisky that booth ggers offer as stuff
"'brought in from C'uundn" or "released for
medicinal purposes" is in nil probability
mixed to order in miiiic nllej duo by the
wholesale peddlers. The illicit liquor busi
ness has made rcallj brilliant Imri of most
of the men who engage in it.
TAXI REGULATION
REGULATION of the cnbs called tail,
now proposed by the Public Service
Commission after a long survey in Philadel
phia, will not be bo easy a matter as it may
appear. That part of the public which, be
Ctuso of necessity, rliolco or good luck, rides
in taxlraba has been squeezed in the past by
monopolies on one hand and Independent
taxicabbles on the other.
There Is ground for the belief thnt there
is need for reforms nt the top of the business
i well as at the bottom. And it Is hard to
ae how the mere restriction of licenses will
46 any good. Hates for taxi service hnve
always been high in this city. What is
Mdtd 14 more competition and not less of It.
$1 ,. tMotoroara operate" as common carrier!
IjJfWH Vti to be, so regulated aa to pro-
vide the sort of protection which the public
expectp and receives from other utilities of
a similar lfittnre. Tlm It Is necessary thnt
those who own and operate taxis be bonded
In order that their patrons tuny be safe
guarded agnlnst the results of negligence or
other faults In the service. The larger taxi
companies provide this protection. Many
Independent operators do not. it Is tho duty
of the police nnd the Service Commission to
bcp thnt provision Is mnde to compensate,
users of taxis In cases of ncclilent and that
no part of the business In question Is left in
the hands of privateers of doubtful char
acter. lint If it Is the intention to lessen com
petition by withholding lie-uses from re
sensible compnnirs nnd to exclude from the
city those who might Improve tnxl service
through wholesome competition with existing
compnnlcs that now monopolize most of the
traffic, the comiiilsslouprs will be in the midst
of mi unpleasant uproar before many days.
WAGE-SCALE INEQUALITIES
PLAY SOME QUEER PRANKS
Reflections on a Physician's Bewilder
ment Over the Contrasting Bank
Accounts of Philosophers
and Hodcarrlera
rnllE difficulty of standardizing the unit of
-1- human deserts hns nlwn.is gloti phlloso.
pliers n lot of trouble nnd cynics a dispro
portionate amount of sour satisfaction.
Into the hands of the latter class Dr. .T.
Chalmers Da Costa played dlrcctlj the other
dnv when, at the dedication of n memorial
fnblet to thp wnr heroes of Jefferson Medical
College. In- deplored conditions under which
"drivers of milk wncoiis nre paid more than
doctors of phi'nsimln and hodcarrlers re
ceive more than p.eliintrists."
Expressed thus Uvidlv. the truth un
doubtedly has its unpalatable qualities. It
would seem, save to some who materially
profit Ihcrehj. that thp scale of prices for
achievement is in a stale of considerable eon
fusion. The pacsion for reforming It Is
easily nroused and has ever been so. Just
now In HiiHsia a particularly grandiose at
tempt Is bring made. That It N falling Is
ono proof of the folly of seeking too swiftly
to reduce subjects inherently complex to
swpppingly simple terms.
Where, permissible by the nnture of the
case, the process cannot, of course, be too
rapidly worked out. Hut the Uusslnn Com
munists were enmeshed in a problem which
hns bnfTied mniikind for nges. Nntiirnlly, the
alleged pnnncen has not been convincing.
The theory of the Third Iiiternntlonalc
involves the premise thnt material gain Is
the summation of reward for labor. I'pon
thli basis n system of grndrd recomnpnsp was
evolved to the complete elimination of spir
itual considerations. Assuming even that
all thr intiicnte economic fnetors had func
tioned efficiently, the result would still have
been questionable.
,
A community in which labor hours are
short. In which living is made easy, in which
comfort is "scientifically" apportioned may
present a superficially pleasing picture, but
it by no means represents the end of the
pursuit of happiness. "I could he bounded
in n nutshell." said Hamlpt. "and count
myself a king of infinite space were it not
tiint I hnve bad drenms."
In what nre called worldly goods, the
prince of Elsinore, ns is well known, was
comfortably fixed. It was deficiency of serv
ice, not insufficiency of material rewnrd.
which distressed him. Ills poverty, whptlipr
hyprrsensltixply or not, wns measured in
spiritual terms.
Itiis fashionable in a good mnnv qunrters
to reject these Just now : In other words, to
take a leaf from the Bolshevist Doomsday
Hook. If not for its principles of commu
nism, at least for its glorification of the
materialistic code. Interpreting that strictly
it can he proved that the milk-wngon driver
i indeed superior to some physicians, skilled
in their profession though they may be. The
former N richer in a peculiarly elusive me
dium of exchange.
Money, declared a nineteenth century phi
losopher the stores of whose mind were ever
In Inverse ratio to those of his purse, is the
most desirable thing in life.
TIip delicious Inconsistency of Samuel
liut'er. whose masterpiece. "The Wnv of
All Flesh." wns not even printed until ufter
his death, here renches the climnx. Butler,
if ever n man did. Invited Ills soul, and the
paths through which it led him nre among
the most luxuriant in English letters.
Was his material poverty justified '! Km
phatirnlb no. It is n shame not that milk
wagon drivers, hodcarriprs, workers In what
nre called necessities, should be well paid,
but that intellectual seriee should !p con
ducted so precariously. The gifted philoso
phers, statesmen, scientists who may not
happen to have amassed fortunes, cannot,
however, warrantnbly be called poor. In
their rasps the unit of wealth has altered.
Failure to recognize this is at the root of
Butler's error.
Is the name of Anton Fugger familiar?
In dermal. y the prime exnmple of ma
torinlNm carried to the ultimate nrhntis
It is. But elsewhere few persons would think
of ranking It with Oallb-o. with Vewton.
with Harvey, with Lavoisier, with Socrates,
with Pasteur, with William James. Yet
Flerr Fugger, of n family of Augsburg mil
lionaires, once staggprpd the Emperor
Charles V by burning In his presence nu im
perial bond for money due that powerful
fifteenth century banking firm. The inci
dent is depicted by Carl Becker in the Herlin
National fiallery. Such immortality of fame
as it possesses is here.
Thnt Croesus is better known than the
shrewd traders nnd financiers of the Fugger
fnmil is probably the result more of the
adversity which overwhelmed him than of
the material prosperity which was tran
sientlj his.
HerodotiiH reads the moral a bit cruel,
perhaps, for the enormously wealthy king
of I.j din seems on the whole to hnve been a
good sort but none tho less It N significant
to note how philosophy rnther than pecu
niary nggrnndizenirnt is the henrt of the
tale. It wrh Solon, the intellectual, the
Athenian lawgiver, who told tho opulent
monarch of the workings of divine npinpsls.
From the ethical viewpoint It Is not clear
just why the imperially ncqulsitlvc Cyrus
should have been the Instrument of the
I.jdinn downfall, but the fact remains that
Croesus is one of the few extremely wealthy
men whose names are inscribed in history.
Huskln. It Is true, might pedantically 1
cited, but certainly his affluence is quite the
leas,t of his inheritance of fame. Persons
who may recall that he was well-to-do are
doubtless also acquainted with the more In
teresting fact that nearly all of his fortune
was expended on plans for the welfare and
enlightenment, artistically and socially, of
his fellow countrymen.
Anecdotal Instances of the obscurity of
wealth could be multiplied. It must be con
fessed that In u civilization in which the
struggle is severe and the reward puling
they might make vpxntious reading. Doctor
Da Costa's pertinent reflections insplrfi pro
voking queries. Workers in every field of
human endeavor, from quarterniotis to
quicklime, can provo voluminously that the
wage scale Is out of joint.
The chaos is partly tho consequence of a
revolution in th.Y payment scbeduh that
began wben mcdle&lism, with its arlstbcracy
hi
of birth, was overthrown in favor of ma
terialistic, industrial and commercial com
petition. That there wns n gain there, in
spite of Injustices nnd in mnny Instances, the
lack of rntlonnl adjustment, Is not to be
denied.
Hut alt discussion of tho subject is bound
to grow clouded when money Is made the
exclusive standard of reward. Trlto aa It
may seem to Insist on the vitality of spir
itual recompense, Its significance has not
altered In the city-states of Oreece, under
the Imperial authority of Home, tha pyrnm
Idal economic, structure of the middle ages
or the dlamond-ciit-diamond individualism
of the present.
, The sweets of service, of sincere Idealism,
of lofty understanding arc not to be meas
ured In terms of a coinage system. 1'ntll
they nre, doctors who realize tho best Hint
is In them, philosophers, savants, workers
with the brain or with the hands, whether
high or low In the so-called social scale,
need not feel that there Is the least Inequity
of soul reward.
Where an attempt of stifling Is made, ai
In sihenip-i which fail to recognize the In
destructibility of the spirit, even the ex
ternals of tyranny cannot be lasting.
THE TRANSIT EMERGENCY
jVTEMnEHS of Council should keep in
' mind during their special session .today
thnt they nre not nsked to roach any decision
on n permnnent transit policy.
The P. H, T. Is confronted by an emer
gency. It has asked for n straight five-cent
fare and the abolition of all transfers nnd
exchange tickets until such time ns n defi
nite agreement enn be reached on n perma
nent policy.
Such nn ngrcenient ennnnt be renched
until the stntus of the contracts with the
underlying companies Is settled. The Public
Service Commission bus been nsked to re
view those contrncts, but its jurisdiction In
disputed. Tho courts are now considering
the point.
In the menntime. City Solicitor Smyth hns
advised the City Council that it haB no
power definitely to fix the rate of fare, and
that any decision which It mny rench will be
regarded merely as advisory by the Public
Service Commission, in which the final
power over fares rests.
The significance of this legal opinion lies
In its virtual admission thnt the lnw creat
ing tfle Public Service Commission invali
dated that part of the contract between tho
city nnd the P. R. T. under which It Is
provided that there shall be no change In the
rates of faro wlthqut the consent of the city.
Now If the Legislature can give to a
public body powers which ennble It to over
ride the specific terms of a contract between
a public service corporation and the city,
what becomes of the contention thnt there
is no power anywhere In the state which can
bring tho contracts between two public serv
ice corporations under review for the pur
pose of deciding on their equity and sound
public policy?
The whole transit situation hinges on the
underlying contracts. No way out can be
found until we know what the courts have
to say about them or until they shall bo
readjusted by a compromise on n fair bnsls.
As to Councilman Develln's propositions,
they nre mnde In response to the request of
the Public Service Commission for nn alter
native suggestion. Mr. Mitten nsks for a
straight five-cent fnre and no transfer or
exchange privileges. Mr. Develln proposes
a straight six -cent fare and free transfers
nt nil points where exchanges or transfers
are now Issued.
A six-cent faro would reduce the number
of short riders from whom Mr. Mitten has
derived a large and profitable revenue. It Is
doubtful whether it would produce much
more than a Btralght five-cent fare. Its
suggestion this time may only complicate
nn issue which is In need of clarificntion.
Mr. Develln Is undoubtedly right, however,
when he argues In fnvor of free trnnsfers
as necessary If the city's high-speed lines arc
to be made to pay. Hut the high-speed lines
remain to be built. It is not likelj that they
will be built until the dispute about the un
derlying contracts Is settled.
Whatever Council may do this afternoon,
the Public Service Commission will have the
finiil say. We nre dependent on its fair
mindedness und on Its understanding of all
the ramifications of a most complicated
question. Hut if it nets on the theory that
it is merely meeting a temporary emergency
its decision, whatever it may be, will be
accepted with such philosophy as the citizens
can muster whllp they nre struggling to find
the way out of a hard situation
A CHOCOLATE SOLDIER
A NET of some sort has closed suddenly
nn young Felix DInz, nnd so another
firebrand that might hnve Inflamed Mexico
and troubled the Pnlted States seems to
have been permanently extinguished.
The nrrest of Felix, nephew of Porfirio
the Terrible, announced recently by the
federal generals nt Vera Cruz, Is n culmi
nating incident In one of the wild melo
dramas that crowd each other on every pnge
of Mexican history. And it ought to draw
j attention again to the manner In which
revolutions are made and continued south
of the border. The wars you hear so much
about seldom begin on Mexican territory.
They are hatched In Paris, us n rule, or in
Buenos Aires, In London or in downtown
New York.
Felix Diaz was taking his ease In Europe
and he enjoyed some famo as a boulevardler
in Paris when Huerta's government fell
upon evil dayB. Until then Felix had no In
tention of returning to the land which his
uncle once ruled with un Iron rod. He was
neither a good soldier nor n good statesman.
But he had his name, and it was a mime
that frightened and fascinated every Mexi
can. It was reminiscent of power and
cruelty, of Immeasurable strength ruthlessly
applied in the old days. Say "Diaz" to any
Mexican and you move him to something like
superstitious reverence nnd awe.
When Huertn seemed about to fall it was
announced that Felix Diaz was on his' way
from Europe and that ho would land in
state to greet n powerful group bf partisans.
The government at Mexico City took ex
traordinary pains to keep him out of the
country. Rut Felix got to Cuba and one
day he landed suddenly on the west coast of
Mexico. He wore a uniform and hn wns
met by a good many of Huerta's enemies,
and In a day ho became the hope of all tho
opportunists of various climes who sit In
political anterooms waiting like buzzurds for
what they can snatch out of one national
disaster or another.
Who brought Diaz from Europe, who paid
for tho ship that took him to Mexico from
Cuba, who put up the money that bought
arms and uniforms for his aides and his fol
lowers no one seemed to know. Hut the ad
venture led to nothing. Felix got nowhero
with his war. He lived In stato with a clan.
Successive cabinets hesitatod to order his
arrest, and since It became apparent that ho
could not seize the government he has been
trying to sell his name and his good will to
the new regime
Vlllu was a bruto of sorta, but ho was n
consistent bandit. He was not afraid of it
light. When it seemed to him that tho new
government was willing and able to do liulf
right by the peons ho retired with a flourish
like a stage villain. Between Villa nnd
Felix Diaz there was on immense difference.
Villa's followers were the ragged and illit
erate hordes, .Sy.
THE STATE-'S POOH-BAH
He Is the Busiest Official , In the
Commonwealth What the New
Census Will Reveal 8ome
Tiny Townships
Hy GEORGE NOX McOAIN,
JAMES N. MOORE is the pooh-bah of
Pennsylvania officialdom,
Ills name appears on the roster of state
officials as director of the Legislative Refer
ence Bureau. Ills title conveys no inkling of
the varied character of his duties.
As director of tho reference bureau Mr.
Moore Is an encyclopedic authority upon
legislation past in ml present.
HrfoKe any bills nre presented In House
or Senate they arc' supposed to have passed
under thp rod of the director's criticism.
If they are plugged full of grammatical
errors, "Jim" Moore putties up tho holes.
If they are obscure In phraseology, he
brushes away the cobwebs of confusion by
simplifying the sentences.
He Is an official godsend to the dull, hesi
tant, unsophisticated or Ignorant legislators.
If they de'slre to introduce n bill and
cannot frame It, they give James N. Moore
the idea and he drafts it for them. He sees
that it conflicts with no other bill nlong
similar lines; that It Is, fool-proof and per
fect. Afpr which the legislator Inflatrs Jits
chest, wags his head and boasts to his con
stituents about "his" bill.
this is the least of Mr. Moore's
Xl tint
duties.
During legislative sessions he is the par
liamentarian of the House. If lie hns any
title It Is sprnker to the speaker.
More than half the session James N.
Moore Is the real speaker of the Hoifstf. He
is the power behind the throne.
And that Is no Idle assertion, as hundreds
of gentlemen over the state who have sat in
thclcglslatlvc halls can bear witness.
As parliamentarian, standing hour after
hour at the speaker's side, ho tells the
speaker what to say In parliamentary mix
ups or delicate points of order. And the
speaker says It, because he knows that
Moore knows.
James N. Moore Is the highest authority
on parliamentary usage In Pennsylvania.
Tho strain upon him, both physical and
mental, Is tremendous. When I saw him
on the closing day of the last session of the
House he was on the ragged edge of physical
prostration. Ho is a slight man in physique,
with a low voice and gentle manner.
He has other duties.
IN THE twenty months that Intervene be
tween sessions of the House and Senate
at Harrlsburg he Is metamorphosed.
He becomes on editor and comDilcr.
Ho specializes in classification, or codifi
cation, of special laws, which arc subse
quently bound and sent forth to grace the
law libraries of the state. '
Ills latest 'publication Is a volume of 700
pages recently Issued from the press. He
modestly refers to It ns a "Bulletin." It is
a pudgy, cloth-bound book bearing the title,
"A Compilation of the Lawn Relating to
Counties and County Officers."
Heing a member of the bar himself, Mr.
Moore knows just what lawyers require In
tho way of refcrenco books. His Inst con
tribution shows this.
nut there Is more to tell.
If a lawyer In Clearfield county, or n
county commissioner ln"Lebanon, or a for
mer member of the House In Allegheny, or n
justice of the peace In Lehigh wishes to know
about a particular law passed In a certain
year, or If some statute of forty years ago
has been repealed, the inquiry ultimately
finds its way to Mr. Moore's bureau. He Is
expected to and does look up the matter and
forwnrd the correct answer.
All the above is separate and apart from
the daily routine of the bureau. A good
mnny stato and city officials would coddle
themselves with the Idea they were being
killed If thev had Mr. Moore's job.
And for $5000 per annum, at that.
THE fact that Pennsylvania's population
has Increased only 18 per cent In the Inst
decade Is the least disappointing feature of
the census.
The drift of population from thp country
to the city is thp danger suggested In the
report of the state census mnde public this
week.
The nvernge citizen fails to grnsp the px
tent or menning of this shift of population.
The census of 1010 revealed the start of
the movement. The world war acceleroted it.
The census of 1910 showed thnt nearly
every township In strictly rural counties
wns decrensing in population. Not a county
In Pennsylvania, barring Philadelphia, Alle
gheny and Dauphin, but showed a decllno In
township population.
The census of 1020 will reveal more
startling figures,
Monroe county Is n fair sample. Out of
fifteen townships, ten showed a decrease in
population from the preceding census of
1!)00. In McKean county twelve townships
out of fourteen showed a decline, some
amounting to moro than 40 per cent.
OCCASIONALLY n newspaper paragraph
from out tho West or South tells how
such or such a county hasn't sufficient popu
lation to furnish election officers.
Pennsylvania has been dangerously near to
that condition. Some of Its townships run
a mighty good second to the western story.
Of course, equal suffrage will change nil
this. There will be nt lenst enough to officer
one polling placo in a township, with suffi
cient citizens over to cast a few votes.
1'p In Tiogn county, Nelson township lias
only fifty-nine Inhabitants.
In Pike county, Palmyra township 1 ns
n population of only fifty. Counting live
persons to n family, there would be just
enough male voters to man one polling place
Pine township, In Clearfield county, hns
only thirty-two people resident within its
borders. The neighboring township of Pike
comes to the front with n population of 1071.
The prize for the smallest populntlon goes
to an almost neighboring county. Lebanon.
In Cold Spring township, nccordiug to the
census of 1010, its population totaled twenty-nine
souls. It wns an increase of eleven
from the census of 1800, when It had a pop
ulation of eighteen.
After nil, this does not mean a great deal
when onp considers that hunters can shoot
quail within fifteen miles of City Hall nnd
trappers every winter clenn up n nice sum
from the pelts of fur-bcarlug animals taken
within an hour's auto ride of the city limits.
A Florida Warning
Fort McCoy Corraipondence Ocala runner.
The subject of "Hell Hound Church Mem
ber" was nbly discussed last night nt the
Hnlller series of meetings by tho Rev. C. II.
Reeb. It wns very convincing that the
devil with his long-handle shovel of decep
tion Is shoveling mortal souls into outer
dnrkness by the million. Everybody stop
nnd think.
Sympathy Due
l'rom th New York Tribune
The world is full of soft-hearted folk, so
there doubtless Is sympathy for the mall
truck driver whose truck hurt three children
nnd killed one last Saturday.
Opinions Differ
From Hit Ohio Htata Journal.
It's impossible to please everybody, and
if n girl has what we In our ignorance con
sider a good figure, the neighbor women say
she is bunchy.
A Perpetual Hope
From 111 Paltlmor Hun
Communism Is merely tho ngo-old dream
of suckers that something may be got for
nothing.
Look Into This
vmm (ha llothn Trahicrlpt.
If things don't, come your ,TTyi perhaps
U'a pecausoou, ore qqttatCrii place,
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS!
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadclphians on Subjects They
a Know Best
MIS8 EVALYN T. CAVIN
On Keeping Children at Home
rpHE Influenza epidemic of 101S may be n
-- rapidly dimming memory to the nverago
Phlladelphian, but It has left an Impression
in charitable fields which will not wear out
for many years, according to Miss Evalyu T.
Cavln, executive secretary of the Mothers'
Assistance Fund, a local organization nfiil
inted with tho Stnte Hoard of Education.
Tho Mothers' Assistnnee Fund, ns Miss
Cnvln explained, is supported by both state
nnd county nppropriutlons. It wns started
in 1014 and has grown every jenr, always
maintaining its motto, "Keep the Children nt
Home."
"The organization,". Miss Cavln said,
"does its campaigning among the mothers
for tho nsslstnncc of the children. We nre
interested in nil cases where the mother, ns
the sole support of n family of children, is
compelled to work all dav nwnv from home.
The result with the children Is bound to be
dlsnstrous. The truancy cases, the acci
dents, the fires in homes caused hy children
playing with matches a great many of these
things arise from just such u situation ns
this.
"Wn hnve on our payroll now 700 mothers
with nn nvernge of nearly four children each.
The cost of these 700 cases is $2'J,a(5, or
nenrlv $3.1 to a family. This is an increase
of $10 over the cost per family when we
started. Our largest appropriation to
mothers Is $S0 and tho lowest $12. Our
rates are $f!0 for every two dependent minors,
with $10 for every additional child. Hut
these figures nre not rigid, ns our pensions
are based on the difference between the fam
ily income and the fnmily need.
1400 Mothers Need Help
"It hns been estlmnted that there are
nbout 1000 widowed mothers in need with
two or more minor children In the city of
Philadelphia, but this number does not in
clude the great Influx which enme in because
of the Influenzn epidemic. I would say thnt
there nre about 1400 such mothers nt the
present time. We have 1170 on our waiting
list, nnd we were only nblo to handle tho
700 cases thnt'wn did this yenr because of a
special appropriation which we finally won
from the county nfter a fight In Council.
"Fifty per cent of the cases which have
come under my observation are Amerlcau
born women, with Irish and Italian coming
next In the order named. Of the children,
00 per cent arc American born. It sppius
amazing to say thnt OSS of the mothers hnve
from three to ten children under sixteen,
nnd yet this Is nn nctunl fact. Pecullatly
enough, the American-born women seem to
be more generally represented on this list
thnn foreign born. Wo had ono widow of
twenty-eight yenrs who had seven children,
nnd thereby won our largest pension of $80.
"Philadelphia Is lagging behind other big
cities In tho work of this character done
among women, although wo have improved
materially In this respect during thp last few
venrs. New York appropriates $2,000,000;
Boston, $500,000; Buffalo, $145,000; Chi
cago, $320,000; Detroit, $301,000, nnd
Cleveland, $52,000, Philadelphia with
$237,000, including state ond county appro
prlatlons, does not rank with "any of these
cities except Cleveland, considering tho pop
ulation item.
"In Europe they arc looking to thn
United States as n leader along these lines
and are just beginning to take it up tlu-m-solves.
If tho municipal governments hero
and elsewhere could only realize the fact that
money spent in this way is a savlug, since it
cuts out such very definite items as proba
tion officers, the overhead institutions, and
the loss entailed in various legal avenues
through which many fatherless children
drift when deprived of the mother's carp
they might bo moro willing to push hucil
work ns this.
Housing a Serious Problem
"Wo am faced, of courso, with nearly all
tho problems which confront tho individual
Housing Is u very serious one at tho present
tlmo. Houses that used to rent for $10 or
$12 now rent for $10, and go as high as $28
And the houses aro not worth such sums'
especially slnco few landlords ever consent
io rnuau icimiiD iu mm uay anu generation
. "Coal at Its present high cost presents an
jVthec big problem to us. fAll'fsuch.'thinR
Mavo to be taken into consideration when1
ff
. ODD BITS t,
vV
applications are presented to us fos one of
our pensions. We also work In close co
operation with tlie schools, finding out just
how much schooling each child has had, and,
after we accept the euro of the mother, just
what marks arc made by her children,
"We tell the latter that their schooling Is
their 'job,' nnd that it is up to them to
puss their work, just us it would be to do
sotlsfoctory work in n position. Wo try to
impress them with the fnct that the state is
not giving them charity, but is being repaid
by the work they do in their elnsses. As
a result we find that the marks of such chil
dren are higher in proportion than those of
tho city ns a whole.
"There nre forty-eight bonrds such ns this
ono in the state, and there urc thirty states
out of the forty-eight which have similnr
work among mothers supporting large fami
lies. We want to keep those mothers home,
or nt lenst not let them work outside nil
dny. Part work is very often necessary
unless there aro older children who can help
keep tho family."
WISE MAN
OLD Adam tried in curly days
With circumstance to grapple,
He looked around In quick nmaze
And blamed Eve with tho apple.
Then nfter thnt his dull wit slept
Throughout the endless nges,
And governmental onus kept
On history's, blazoned pages.
Now comes iclief from all such woe,
His own gift will foibid it
Whichever waj elections go,
'Twill be the women did it.
McLnudbuigh Wilson, in N. Y. Herald.
A Bit Confusing
l'rom tho Pass nu shnw London.
We rend without surprise that "leading
Serbian politicians, including Messrs. Jnn
kovitch. Dnvldovitch. Draschkovitch and
Prihitchovltch, have fulled to leach a mu
tual understanding." It's a -yonder thej
could even distinguish "vitch" was "vltch"!
Florida or ?
From th New York Hrrnld
The 10,000 coal miners who have decided
to take a vocatlou furulsh n happy precedent
for others. Next winter, when folks are
shivering because they have no coal to barn
they can take a vacation and go where coal
is not essential.
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
U nibB?" "le f",hcr f Ablm m the
V "Jf'lnfuiih between an ibnx and ibis
' VQooser th flrSt nnme Mrther
4. What nre "hors d'oouvrcs" and how
B. ho wrote "Don Quixote"?
' Uf cnt"ry,dld the nuthor live?
7. What la rrfmrdeil ns thn mn.i L.L,,' ..
a i. - -..w imuiil iciiiiun nr
tho world's deserts?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1 The population of tho Island possei.
, M f the I'lilted States is aboutTBOo ooo
2. OustavoVIs tho present king of " Sweden
J. Tho word falcon should 1.0 pronounced n
though It wcro spelled fnweon.
booTtlet.1"0 '" ft "an,"lllet or stitched
6. Don Jaime tlo nourbon is tho firetemlor
'he Spanish throno. Ho Is tha hen'
of the Carllst party "cad
C. The British fleet under Nelson defeated
the 1-rench nnd Spanish fleets un,i
Vllleneiivo nnd dravina. rcsneetivi
nt the battle of Trafalgar. rcspcctlv,'y.
7. Tho word "flat" In originally Tmin o. i
means let It bo done 'or made '"' n'"1
8. Uenu Nash (Illchnrtl Nash) tho fern,....
English dandy, wns born n thSSve
f" ' c7)'"'7 and died In t le cgi
centh. His (fates aro 1674.t7fl ii
was culled the "King of Jta i,".- ,,
roferenco to the English resort
which ho was u leader nf eA.1,1 '"
9. "A poor thing., but n.lno own' ffe
Shakespeare's, comedy, "As You uil
,i(f. The" middle name of Jamea a m.i!.
" was ailleznle.. . 'Wr a' "'"Ine,
8. "Who was premier of Orent Urltnln 1m.
mediately preceding Lloyd fJeorKe?
H. In what wnr was the son of Napoleon HI
and Kiigenln killed? "i'iion HI
10. Where la Bessarabln?
t-ZUlsA (Vl C jytx
SHORT CUTS
A tumble always Jnvltcs luughtcr. Look
at sugar, for instance.
The reduction of telephone tolls may yet
justify the declaration that talk is cheap.
As n sob sister Norman Hapgood dofi
not have to take a back seat to any of them.
There Is lively expectntion that French
aid for Wrangel mny mean French leave fot
Trotzlcy.
"Sad sen wovcr Is right," said the ,!O0
saloonkeepers nnd bartenders arrested in At
lantic City.
In the political campaign there appean
to lie n guarantee of n new Issue ererj
twenty-four, hours.
Who says the profiteer doesn't feel
ashamed of himself? Why, everything thai
once cost n dime now feels like thirty centi,
Presumably Leninc nnd Trotzky hare
read understanding Franklin's remark!
concerning hanging together or hangiug sep
arately. Any honest man may tell the truth anil
nothing but the truth ; but a man must needs
be vpry brnve or very foolhnrdy to tell the
whom truth.
Doubtless the reason n doctor of phi
losnnhv does not pot nil the monev he de-
servcs'is that if he had the money he would
not need the philosophy.
Tests of Delaware nnd Schuylkill wtet
show 20,000 bacteria to the cubic centi
meter, affording another proof that over
crowding is dangerous to health.
Councilman Develln's suggestion for 1
six-cent fare adds further confirmation ti
the fnct thnt now that n penny buys next tl j
nothing it never was more needed.
Speaking in n local church, a vl'itiuM
clergyman declared that women's dresseil
"nre little short of scandalous." .wanm
of course, that they are a little short.
It may, of course, have bn purely '
accident, but the burning of fcJ,i;mar!l
before It was turned over to .. ,- Allies 6J
tho Germans suggests bad blood and iron
nerve.
A Wilmington. Del., jury In a recent
liquor casn sampled two quarts ni ine "
dence. With Increuso of prohibition viola
tion cases ono may see objection to jury
'duty gradually disappear.
The housing problem is not wholly mod-
nrn t?runlln,l l.n.l tf In I. or mlllll W llPDi
vexed with Orlando, she .aid she'd as lief b 1 1
wooed of n snail, "for though ho comet J
siow-iy no carries ms nouse on uis um.-r.. .
Chicago is in n fair way to wive Hi.
1 1 ii ri. 1-1 .l-lAi. li,rfl ni
nousing prouiem. uiaienui ui-uiria , --jja
prices, lanor unions nave promiscu iicic--i
hnnlrera will nrnvlilft tho S5.O0O.000 BeMI'il
sary. It's easy when everybody gets W'J
getlier.
All that Chauncey M. Depcw; talH
about to newspaper reporters the other eve
ning was Russia, sovietlsm, socialism. '
linnolni iit-nlilom irumMl'l elntheS. nOlltl
pipe dreams, Cox, Harding, woman fcuffrMVl
capital and labor, wages and the higu 'j 1
of living, prohibition, the Civil war a r
baseball scandal. Tho old gentleman
growing reticent with tho years.
A Los Angeles man with bitter Iron
suggests swapping hlo six-year-old 6on 1
a dog. preferably an alrcdale. BmumJ,
the baby, ho hays, he and his wife have ne
forced to move twenty-six times in
weeks, though In one apartment inero r..
two ulrcdales. Wc venturo tlie guess t"
tho fault lies less with the landlords tn
with selfish tenants. Instead of the and 0
being the hard-hearted bruto he Is fP'c'i
he Is 11 spineless (individual who dare
(Oil HIS Willi IDS Uyil. .IIISI. uriruuo y-- j
111s tennniB oDject to n crying p --(, i,t
n bail on tho little treasures. (Ho n"11
111s power, now tua,t nouses are -;-- .1.4
defv tho kickers and nrovldo asylum for "Jf
. a iiarCt.
111s power, now iua,i nouses ur v
defy tho kickers and provide psylu.ro
kiddles until theV aro btif cnoilgb to de.";"
n house with a worUj-vfhUeout'?''
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attachment. m f .;&' fr,
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