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,'4' -l PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
3 1. 9vnus it k. auiiTis. prrudcnt
f !iSni:,Vl,,'.Iualn,?ff' v,c,, President! John C.
BecreUrr and Treasureri PhlllD 8. Collin..
winuma, John J Ppuraenn, Directors.
KDlTOniALi HOARD!
Ste
psVVTD E. BM1LKY Editor
- ..n..t ::.' ... ...
j 7 " w MAiuirtmimnwn UMBingi an aver
k, r1 Publiihwl dally at PoiLto Ltnnn Culldlnc
' lndnnrftiia nAini tihiu.utnl(
4fcl0 Cut .'press-lulo bulldlnx
jJUflf YoK 804 Madison Ave.
on. J 701 Ford Uti.mln
T. lOOtl..... innft P M.ttnn Ittilldlftr
CWSaQO 1803 Jrlbuno IJ.IIdlnp
,. NEWS DUnEAUB:
' T . M . . . . . .... M.
'- "7- ;nr. i-ennsyivama Ave, ana ism m.
H lP Toik BtntBAO The Bun Bulldtn
u tlrOMMlf Doiiitr tendon Timet
i -1 BiTrscntmoN1 terms
Tfc'Txmiii Priam Litkikk la served to sub-
,1 KTlE ,n Philadelphia and surroundlns towns
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ji to tha carrier.
lmall to points outride of Philadelphia. In
two TJnlted Btatea. Canada, or United Statei pes.
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J"TL." nouara per year, payame in advance.
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nvnaa Subscribers wishing address chanred
, anatt tv old as well ai new address.
, MX. Mop WALNUT KEYSTONE. MAIN SCOP
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litAorr, nnVpetirfencs Bvinrr. rMlnitelvhla
il , Member of the Associated Press
. fJTB ASSOCIATED PRESS U rrdualrelv en.
UUd to the use for republication oil news
patches credited to U or net otherwise rrenlfr
Me aper. and olo the local flfifj pubHinrrt
Alt mj.ils ...iiim.i. m 4I rflABatches
Mretn are oleo reeeirerf.
rtlltJ.lplil., Monde?, S:plfmbr 27. 19
A rocn-YEAn rnonnAM ron
rniivnKi.rm.v
Thlnra on nhleh the people expect the new
administration to concentrate Its attentloni
The. Delaware river brWee. .
A arvaock oia enouon io accommoamv
larpett shlpe.
develop
mminl or tha raota transit nlfem.
A convention hall.
A hiU-'ina or the Fret Library.
An Arl ifueeum.
Mnlaraement of the water eunrli.
fomes to accommodate the population.
,. U. S. BONDS GO UP
1 tTYWO sorts of people fill the world the
wise and the otiicrwlo. And the wiso
mre reading without any astonishment today
r of the sudden rebound of Victory and Lib-
erty Bonds. They knew the turn would
" come, and they have been the buyers ho
collected bonds which the unwise unloaded
when the government didn't do the impossi
ble thing and save these npcurities from a
momentary decline for which they them-
aelres and no one else were responsible.
j The war bond of the I'nlted States are
and have been the safest investments in the
world. They have always been actually
Worth their face value and liberal Interest.
Every opn who hurried to sell them helped
to drlvo down their sale value in the open
market. Individual investors and the big
trust companies have profited and will con
tinue to profit by large purchases of securi
ties which other people hurried to unload at
7 the first fall of quoted prices. From this
on the price of the bonds will probably con-
1 tinue upward as every one familiar with
Investment paper knew it would do before
long.
MAKING THE CHARTER WORK
IN THE fierce white light now beating
about the city charter, soma of its es
pecially praiseworthy features arc receiving
. a more conspicuous consideration. Thomas
Ttaebum White, who was chairman of the
eubcommlttec of the charter-revision com
mittee, says, for example, that the charter
does not protect the "contract" of Philip
H. Johnson to draw up plant for the De
partment of Health. Mr. White points out
that If Mr. Johnson hat a valid coutrart
.--the charter cannot affect it in any way. On
&a other hand, if Mr. Johnson's contract is
invalid, then the charter provision that tha
appointment of a city architect shall not
affect existing contracts cannot possibly vali
date an invalid agreement.
Mr. White, of course, is raising the ques
tion of the validity of the alleged contract
as being the only question at isue. A con
tract Is a contract, charter or no charter.
As to the validity of this contract, the
suggested course is that Pity Solicitor Smyth
be directed by the Mayor to test the question
of legality in the courts. Certainly i-orious
doubts arise as to the power of the old
Councils to bind future City Councils to
t safeguard Mr. Johnson's architectural fees,
particularly .since a basic change has been
made in the legislative branch of the gov
ernment. Another feature of the rharter which ap
pears to have beeii overlooked is that which
Is aimed at eradicating the mandnmus evil.
Section 10 of Article XVII apparently con
tains a specific cure for this uotorioua abuse.
No money is to bo paid out of funds re
ceived from taxes levied by Council, or from
other funds under the control of Council,
unless a previous appropriation authorizes
the payment. This i the same as stipulating
that a mandamus will not be honored.
Here again the charter suggests n course
of action. A test of the constitutionality of
this section of the charter can be made bv
the city solicitor. He can defend the city
controller in refusing to honor the next
mandamus from a eounty office or from
Judge Brown'i Municipal Court. The eity
tolicltor will have no difficulty in bringing
the question squarelj before the courts.
Lawyers admit that they aro not sure
this section of the charter will stand the
ultimate test. The only way to find out
whether or not this section is worth the
space it takes up is to press for a judicial
decision. An opinion in favor of the charter
I would destroy at one blow the growing use
Of the mandamus as a quiet and easy way of
raiding the city treasury.
MR. WILSON AND MR. COX
IT SEEMS pretty certain now that Mr.
Wilson is preparing to go into the arena
In behalf of Mr. Cox The President, ac
cording to current intimations from the
White House, will resort to the written
word, a weapon which he used with extraor
dinary results in the months immediate) v
,-. preceding the end of the war. And those
who have seen him deal with difficult com
plications in the past will fee that hi", skill
must meet a new test as great as any re
flected in tho state papers issued from
Washington.
Charley Murphy is a very close friend of
Mr. Cox and one of tho most cvnicnl of Mr.
Wilson's enemies. He went fitting on the
day when a committee visited the President
i at Shadow Lawn with the news of the sec-
ond nomination. Perhaps lhe most ardent
worker for Mr. Cox in New Jersey is Jim
Nugent. Mr. Nugeit's hatred of Mr. Wil
son was so ardeut as to be almost a partv
scandal. There is nothing in the reemt
history of politics to show that it has been
in any way tempered Tr.e President him
self Is a pretty good hater. He loathed Mr.
Nugent and he loathed Charley Murphy, and
in other days he made no secrei of his state
of mind. Not only the Nugents nnd the
"" Murphy but all their methods and works
p, were seemingly repellent to Governor Wil
an of New Jersey and President Wilson of
the United States.
The purposes of the White House In Ihis
a instance are plain. It is Mr Wilson's
! belief, apparently, that by uctlvely support
1,1 iit. Cox he will aid toward the succe.su
f bis own plan for a League 'Vtons and
World peace. His la an IdealfV jwmAm!
i. Hwi'FMMdent. knowing at U JhjV
iark
t ik e- ml' i .
n. t .. i. m? ,
JifiShlAU.H I ,'il
that tho Nugents nnd the Murphys of the
land aro the real power behind the Cox
campaign, cannot be said to have learned
much about the game In which he has pre
pared to take a part. Charley Murphy Is
not an Idealist. Neither is Mr. Nugent.
They believe neither In Mr. Wilson nor in
his league. Yet, If signs mean anything, the
President Is ready to throw all his moral
support behind them and their coworkers.
So it will not be easy even for so masterly
a debater as the President to appear con
sistent between now and November.
WHAT IS THE RIGHT WAY
lb CHOOSE A PRESIDENT?
Some Chronic Critics Are Stirring Again,
Unmindful aa Ever of the Meaning
of a Feder.nl Constitution
CONGRESSMAN CLYDE M. KELLY, of
Pittsburgh, has prepared a bill providing
for a national primary system to be substi
tuted for the partisan presidential convention
machinery, Hiram Johnson Intimates that
he will bring a somewhat similar scheme be
fore the Senate, and linked with these pur
poses Is a reported revival of "agitation
among liberals" for the abolition of the
electoral college.
In principle, the affiliated movements nre
nov new. Conventions are regularly de
plored by politicians who fail to control, and
as Inevitably as the quadrennial election sea
son rolls around the political misfortunes of
Samuel J. Tilden nnd Grover Cleveland are
cited as horrible examples.
In 1S7C a plurality of votes cast In the
nation went to Mr. Tilden. 5Ir. Cleveland
in 1RSS achieved a similarly barren "vic
tory." But falling to secure majorities In
the electoral college, these candidates were
defeated.
There Is a type of American and he is
seldom reticent in parading this distinction
who is "appalled" by reminiscences of the
Tilden-Haycs nnd first Cleveland -Harrison
campaigns. Is this a free government or
in't it? Are we to be limited In our choice
by partisan conclaves and then debarred from
benefiting by the verdict of all the people?
The Kelly-Johnson mood is expressed in
these queries. It is perhaps well-intentioned,
but exhibits a rather meager knowledge of
the explicit nature of the government of the
L'nitcd States under the constitution.
This misinterpretation is fundamentally
due to n wrong impression of the basis of
the republic ond encournged by a peculiar
trend of legislation during the past decade.
Since 1013 three constitutional amendments
have been ratified which clash directly with
the original conception of a federal republic
composed of sovereign states. This legisla
tion concerns the election of United States
senators by popular vote, prohibition and
equal suffrage. The virtue in these meas
ures Is a subject apart from their bearing
on the intent of the constitution.
The makers of this Instrument were ex
ceedingly mindful of the political entity of
the respective commonwealths. In the Sen
ate, for example, the representation was In
theory state rather than popular. For this
reason the election of senators was Intrusted
to the state Legislatures nnd the represen
tation of each state was made equal, regnrd
less of population. From what had been
already accomplished it Is obvious that tho
states themselves were fully authorized to
adopt their own woman suffrage nnd prohi
bition laws. The amendments taking away
this original privilege were in the spirit of
regulations In a centralized republic, such,
for instance, as France.
now far this nation desires to go in that
direction Is an interesting qucstlou sug
gested by the Kelly-Johnson ambitions nnd
the resuscitation of the oft-discussed pro
gram of electing Presidents by popular vote.
It is well known that the electoral college
has functioned in a way altogether different
from that anticipated by its inventors. The
electors have become automatons, and it is
a point of honor to remain such.
Nevertheless, thc theory of the constitu
tion makers has been preserved. Presi
dents arc elected by states, and when this
principle is kept in mind it cannot be said
that Cleveland or Tilden was cheated of office.
A majority of the electoral votes of the
i commonwealths with voting privileges based
on the sum total of representation in Con
gress chose the rival candidates.
It is significant to note that the would-be
constitution tinkerers were anticipated by
considerably more than a century. Gouver-
neur Slorris stoutly championed the popular
vote method. Against his proposals It was
urged that the probable ignorauco of the
people as to the comparative merits of can
didates would result in such n cnnfuion of
"favorite sons," each from a different state,
that the large states would absolutely control
elections. It was also declared that the
people were unfit to choose for themselves.
The last argument is unpopular now, but
the validity of the first unquestionably
endures. A popular vote scheme could
hardly be soothing to the state pride of
Delaware, Rhode Island or Vermont. If
their conjectured sentiments provoke amuse
ment, it is well to remember that repudiation
of the state principle is no less than a con
tradiction of the intrinsic nature of the
great constitutional compromise, the original
framework of the nation.
The same objection does not, of course,
apply to proposals to abolish national con
ventions These pretentious and, on the
whole, effective gatherings function under
what may be called the political common
law. The constitution soys nothing about
them, and in consequence the presidential
nominating machinery has changed three
times since 1780.
With tho formation of rival parties was
born the system of nomination by congres
sional caucuses. Their rulings were not
seriously questioned until the end of the first
quarter of tho nineteenth century saw the
development of the democratic idea carried
far beyond the original notions of the
father1- Tho exclusiveness and intrigues of
"King Caucus" then 'came to be regarded
almost as a national scandal, and after n
few unsatistactory eTperiments with nomi
nations by state Legislatures, which ex
ploited John Qulney Adorns and Andrew
Jackson, the national convention process
began operating.
The first venture on a considerable scale
was made by the anti-Masonic partv, which
assembled its delegates in Baltimore in 1S31,
sought to nominate Henry Clav for President
and ended acrimoniously in naming William
Wirt. The Jackson machine, however, took
readily to the idea, and in the following year
was held the first Democratic national con
vention, which named Van Buren for VIco
President, adopted the celebrated two-thirds
rule and rapturously Indorsed the adminis
tration of Andrew Jackson.
By the time the Whig delegates jubilantly
convened at Harrisburg in 1R30 the conven
tion HjBtcm wan n recognked feature of the
American political machinery, and such it
has continued to be ever since
Efforts to correct what were termed Its
abuses bore particular fruit In tho presi
dential primary systems instituted in all but
twelve states, but in most instances this
instrument of direct approach has been
futile. In Pennsylvania, for Instance, dele
gates are not bound to support any cnndl
dates, and how farcically the apparatus
work was musUAted last May when the
jV-. 'aj'i' i,M .. n.
EVENING PUBLIC XDGER
unfamiliar name of Edward Randolph Wood
appeared on tho primary ballot.
But If tho very primitive primary scheme
now In force has worked in the main to no
purpose witness General Wood's disastrous
plunge what Is to be said for Mr. Kelly's
program of a monstrous national primary,
eliminating conventions altogether and tan
tamount to a grandiose rehearsal for tho
presidential election? One every four years
Is enough.
An authoritative commentator on the
American presidential system wisely main
tains that "every substantial evil Introduced
by politicians for party purposes might be
cured" granting the desire to cure It
"without altering the machinery." The
convention system is practicable. Its evils,
such an they may be, can be traced directly
to tho state of public morals. Theoretically,
there Is nothing to prevent the honest elec
tion of Presidents by tho prevailing method.
The general results have been good.
Restlessness on behalf of changes in po
litical practice or constitutional provisions
is accompanied by tho danger of revolu
tionizing the spirit of a federal framework
already weakened.
THE NEW IMMIGRATION
WE ALL know by this time that MtUc
rand and Clcmenccau, Foch nnd Woy
gand, Lloyd George and Sir Robert Cecil,
Pilsudskl and his generals nnd all other ex
alted folk like the writers of books and tho
speakers In forums think about tho war and
its effects on the Europe of today. Theso
are the gentlemen who have had the floor
since the armistice was signed. They have
the gifts and tho habits of speech. But
what are the plain people thinking nnd feel
ing these days in all the big and little na
tions which seem doomed to perpetual tur
moil? They have few spokesmen who may
be called representative nnd they themselves
do not know how to address themselves to
the busy world. It has been a common habit
to forget these people altogether or to fancy
them reconciled to their fntc. But current
reports from Ellis Island nnd other ports of
entry to tho United Stntes show how wrong
a popular assumption may be.
It seems that all of tho poor In Europe
who are nble to flee are fleeing from tho
lands In which they were born, from the
shadows of new disasters. And they turn
for tho most part to the United States. The
exodus from Europe Indicated In tho present
crush at Ellis Island Is perhaps without a
precedent. What the poor in the conti
nental nations have been thinking is ex
pressed in a peculiarly significant nnd mov
ing wny in crowded ships and a jam at
the immigrant stations that has almost
paralyzed the federal service established to
observe and regulate these incoming tides.
The rush to America has a significance apart
from its surface meanings. On one day last
week 3310 Immigrants were detained in
quarters built to accommodate 1000 souls.
In June approximately 50,000 foreigners
landed in New York. Of these, about 2000
)rovcd utterly unfit to enter the country nnd
countless others were in dire poverty or
utterly penniless. There was an appalling
increase in the number of Immigrants who
arrived with contagious or infectious dis
eases of a peculiarly repellent character, and
as a class the new arrivals were physically
and mentally below standards established by
the statistics of other years.
These people are tragically at sea. They
are bewildered nnd afraid and embittered.
And it is safe to suppose that many bring
with them tho crowding suspicions and
smoldering hatred of authority that war
nnd hunger nnd misrepresentntlve govern
ment left in so many parts of Europe, nnd
a willingness to strike out blindly at any one
who may seem to represent laws nnd govern
ment. They nre not like the ambitious and
strong-hearted Immigrants of other days.
They nre refugees torn from their anchor
ages largely against their will, and In many
instances they are not of the sort that can
be ensily trained in a new language, new
ways and a new system of ethics. They are
past trying.
It is true that the outward flow of the
foreign born has been very great since the
nrmistico was signed, but immigrants of the
new type cannot be expected to fully replace
those who aro leaving. Most of the men nnd
women outward bound were pretty thor
oughly Americanized. They were far more
healthy in mind and body than the majority
of the new arrivals. And the rush to Amer
ica is far greater than the rush away from
it. Here, then, is n new question that ought
to engage tho serious attention of the gov
ernment nnd every one who aspires to have
a part in it.
No desire for cheaper labor should blind
the authorities to the dangers that arise from
large and stagnant groups of people in com
munities where they caunot be properly ab
sorbed. We have had some opportunities
in the last year or two to observe what can
happen when immovable alien minds and
prejudices are mobilized and opposed in
stinctively to forces of law and enlighten
ment. And the worst of it is that the new
flood of Immigration seems to be only at its
beginning. Certainly it will increase bb the
conflict of governments continues to hinder
economic reconstruction in Europe.
The people at Washington seem to have
been caught unaware by this new problem.
The system nt Ellis Islaud U wholly inade
quate to cope with the throngs of eager
uliens. And since that is the case, it is
plain that no one in authority has formu
lated a plan to deal with the larger question
of an invasion by people who nre groping
blindly for escape from misery unutterable
rather than for a chance to work hopefully
for a better future. This country mny yet
know by actual experience what life was
like in the path of trumpllng armies that
drive hordes of dazed ond helpless noncom
batants ahead of them and into communities
utterly unprepared for them. We may yet
have to face the problem of war refugees all
over again in a new and astonishing form.
WHO IS WEARY?
THE men nnd women who compose tho
committee for rolief of the Near East
in this city did a brave nnd admirable thing
when, In the face of many obstacles and dis
couragements nnd the seeming weariness of
people who have given endlessly to all sorts
of war cnarities, they determined to appeal
again in behalf of the people of Armenia.
In the news Armenia is only a word. In
reality Armenia is a nation lost in a wilder
ness of misery. Men and women nnd chil
dren, without fault of their own, nre endur
ing a sort of desolation that almost shakes
normal faith in the sanity nnd efficiency of
the civilized order in Europe. What the
Near East relief committee asks now is only
old clothes, bundled and sent to one of tho
school buildings or to any of the other sta
tions that will be opened on Wednesday.
Perhaps Americans have some reasons to
feel weary of giving and making sacrifices.
But we have no burdens tbnt should not be
forgotten nt the thought of n people who
have become the most sorrowful in the
whole world nnd who, morn than auy na
tion in written history", ore weary and heavy
laden.
Governor Coolidgc's old clothes nro now
matched by Secretary Houston's old shoes,
"I wear them out," said the cabinet officer,
"then I get them mended. If everybody fol
lowed this cue Bhoe prices would fall mighty
quickly." True enough. Also some shoo
factories would close and some workmen
woulqn r nave money tvmjv to ouy shoes,.
MV;..i' - ji - tfj.v .'MffiV Vv
- PHTLABELPHiA, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 27,
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT
Woman as Elector Will Act as Wlfa
Did When 8ho Took Her Flrat
Meal With Your Family
By SARAH D. LOWRIE
-IT7TIAT will she do with It? After the
VV election is over, I mean ! Wo all know
that until the election the women who nro
going to uso tho franchise will work for tho
election.
But afterward? We have high hopes of
her, pessimistic doubts of her, grumbling
fears of her, watchful waiting of her but
we nre all Interested in her, whether we let
on or no.
Will she do nothing? Or will she do
something? And if so, what?
Mr. Ed Vare would liko to know, Mr.
Ernest Tustin would like to know. The
coroner would liko to know, Mr. Simon
Gratz would like to know, so would John
Wanamaker, he has said so. nnd tho
Governor, even the Honorable Boles Penrose.
Sho cannot pleaso all these persons, she
will confirm the worst fears of some of them
and set others to rejoicing, whatever she
does.
I'LL tell you what I think she will do. I
think tho better part of her will net the
way your wife acted when sho took her
first meal with your family. She observed
how things wcro done, while she made up
her mind whether thev were done that wny
because you liked It or because you hadn't
known any other way or because there was
no other wny under tho circumstances. She
watched, not so she could copy but so sho
could chango. And not so much chnnge the
ways as change you, so you might change
the ways.
That Is what women, when they get
together, call "managing men" I
It makes the doctrine of free will and
preordination perfectly comprehensible.
Until now women could not sec the ways
the politicians managed our affairs for us;
they could only see the results. Now Pan
dora hns got the lid off I And she is going to
examine what she hns long suspected but
could not prove was inside.
When sho gets through nnd not until
then sho will begin to make herself felt.
LET mo relate to you a case In point. A
woman in Philadelphia whose word goes
with a good many people was asked by one
of tho numerous child-welfare organizations
of the state to use her influence to have the
law enforced which forbids tho employment
of children under fourteen nnd for children
under sixteen without a license In street
trades. A great many facts were given her,
nnd she could see with her eyes other facts.
Undoubtedly, children were on the streets
who would be better nt school : undoubtedly,
children were selling things after dark who
would bo better at home; undoubtedly, the
police force nnd the truant officers hnd
power to stop them, nnd their employers nnd
parents were tho persons who wcro to blame.
rnnE woman asked the police force nt
J- headquarters whv they did not enforce,
nnd the public school authorities whv they
did not enforce. She did not ask this
through tho newspapers or nt the head of
n delegation, nor like a teacher who knowB
the nnswer, but really asked it because she
wanted to know.
She was told very painstakingly. There
was the law, there was the nuthority, but
there was no appropriation to hire nnd to
train the number or the kind of officials to
carry out the law.
A child selling newspapers on the street
under ago and out of hours is n very small
needle In n very large haystack, very far
from tho beat of the police officer who knows
him, quito beyond the district of the truant
officer who has his name on his list.
He may be sixteen and look twelve or ho
may bo twelve and look sixteen. He mny
have a license. His bchool may only hnv'e
room for him half time, he may be on Mar
ket street tonight und on Lehigh avenue
tomorrow night.
He Is always where there is a crowd, nnd
no crowd would take klndlv to the arrest of
a boy for working. It Is the parents or the
employer or the boy who should bo arrested,
nnd where are they?
THE school authorities were even nicer to
the Inquiring woman nnd even more
painstaking. They mndo appointments for
her to talk to still other authorities.
They all said the place for n child who
had a license to work nnd they admitted
thnt many had was provided for by law in
the continuation school.
The continuation school Is a nhce where
the children who work by permission of the
authorities can make up for their lost or
omitted education by studying after work
hours.
It should be the best equipped, most
specially taught school In the city. The,
building should be well ventilntcd. well
lighted and ndapted to tempt the fageed
children to attend it, to rally their jaded
faculties to make an effort. It Is none of
these things.
The school authorities confessed that thev
bad the law nnd the nuthority but not the
appropriation to make It whnt It should be.
THE parents and stepparents nnd legal
guardians of the children who plied
trades on the street worn not painstaking or
natlent when the woman looked them up.
They were very painful.
They said they needed tho monev or
rnther the child needed it. nnd they said the
children were on the streets nnvwnv and
might as well turn nn honest pennv. The
woman could see for herself the bov would
prefer the streets to the alternative that was
open for him not so much a home as nn
address. In mnnv cases there was onlv one
parent, the child's mother.
The- wotnnn. fntlctied to irritation hut Mii
pursuing, sought tho "Mothers' Pension"
ofllcinls.
They were lovely, nnd quite of her own
kind. Thev did not need tnctful treatment
or any preliminaries. They "got" her ques
tion on the first motion.
Yes, these mothers were entitled to nen
sions; yes, tho recipient of a pension from
the state was obliged to sign and agree to
certain stipulations or forfeit her pension.
She had to feed the children properly,
house them properly nnd see that thev got
proper opportunities for education Their
physical, mental, moral life were all legally
provided for bv the state, and the verv com
petent ofllcinls appointed bv the state hnd
the power to enforce the requirements ; but
the stnte had not appropriated enough
money to pay n third of thp pensions needed
or. indeed, to pay as much nn was needed in
nnv pension. As n consequence the very
nlert nnd competent ofllcinls could not force
n mother to feed or school or keep tab of a
bov which the state, in the face of Its verv
munificent sounding Inw, had forgotten to
appropriate funds for
YOU will be Interested In the reaction of
thnt woman, hut not surprised She
censed to be fundamentally interested In
street trades for children, in the continua
tion school, in the trunnt offices or even in
widows' pensions for the time being. She
told me whnt she intended to do was to find
out whether the Ptnto Legislature ever
passed laws with sufficient appropriations
to enforce them, nnd if so, who were the
men nac oi h.
Passing of the Old Red Barn
Fre-n the Summrr SMlon (Kansas)
Boyhood dnys without n hayloft nre like
n piny wlthort a stage. The automobile has
vanquished the big red barn, as the cement
bottomed pool hns the old swimming pool.
The center of boyhood life has disappeared
Imagine the gang sneaking off from trusting
pnrents on n hot afternoon ond congregating
In tho shiny new garage. Where can thev
conceal the forbidden weapons, or tho
thumb-marked yellow back that mother
thinks has long since f-llen into tho ash
heap? Where do thev hide to escape th
starched shirt and stiff shoes and the partv?
Where are the circuses given? The train
robberies planned? And the hair-raising
stories repeated? The carefree scenes of
boyhood are gone. Imnglnntlnn has nn field
to grow and expand In Half the joys of
youth have vanished with tho passing of
the old red barn, .
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NOW MY IDEA IS THIS !'
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia on Subjects They
Know Best
DR. GEORGE H. MEEKER
On Our Medical Futuro
PHILADELPHIA has the chance of a
lifetime to become the medical center of
the world and to confer an inestimable boon
upon Its practitioners nnd the public, ac
cording to Dr. Georgo H. Meeker, dean of
the newly organized Graduato School ot
Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania.
"It is largely up to Phlladclphians
whether this magnificent venture, the first
on any serious scale of Its kind in America,
shall succeed or fail. It Is an expensive
undertaking, ond the University is poor,
and wo must depend on outside help if we
are to keep going. The school which enlists
the services of two hundred of this city s
most eminent specialists will be run nt a
v.c if n nnnVter of million dollars this year,
nnd the figures will probably be the same for
the following yenr. We can stund it that
long, but ntter tliat we must nave set urn
substantial support or we shall have failed.
"If wo succeed the new school will prove
not only an immense boon but nn everlasting
credit to Philadelphia nnd Phflndelphlans.
We have gone nhend nnd nre tho first in the
field with the faith that moves mountains,
the faith that we shall be recognized nnd get
the necessary support.
"This city, If those within It only realized
the fact, has the resources and tho possibil
ties to make it second to none in practically
every field. That it is not does not reflect
nnv great nmount of credit ui Philndel
phlans. We shall need help from the state,
from wealthy Individuals aud corporations
of the stnte, but the rich men of the city
mubt loosen their purse strings if tho enter
prise is to go over.
"There is enough money made In Pennsyl
vania to make any enterprise of tho kind
succeed. That the majority of the money
so made has gone to other cities nnd states
Is due largely to the fact that our wealthy
men have been Indifferent or not alive to our
possibilities nnd that confidence in our insti
tutions which breeds largo endowments was
not developed.
Opportunities for Specialists
"The pcope of the new school will be
moro readily understood when these facts
are borno in mind. There is n great need
for bpociallsts, those physicians who nre
equipped by special training nnd long gtr.
crnl experience to treat tmcccssfiilly the
more serious maladies. Tho ordinary pby
Blclnn just out of college or the practitioner
with limited exjierienco is not equipped to
give this kind of service.
"The opportunities for n physician be
coming a specialist are very limited. His
only chance consists In attaching himself
to somo master as nn assistant nnd imitating
within the narrow scope allowed him tho
ideas and methods of this single man. Then
again, while he rends his medical journnls
and thus keeps In touch as best ho can with
the medical progress of tho day. ho does not
hnvo tho advantogc of teeing these masters
at work on the living case.
"Undef the present plan the physician
student has the advantage of the broad gen
eral -experience to bo got from studying
under nnd observing the work of two hun
dred of tho city's most eminent specialists
who are giving, at a great financial loss,
their extremely valuable time. Ho learns
not one roan's methods, but two hundred.
"The outcome of this venture should
mean that the city will be radiating a great
army of specialists, who will not only help
to ranko it tho medlcnl center of the world,
but will reach the various provincial centers
where specialists aro virtually an unknown
thing and raise the science of healing to im
measurably greater heights.
"With an enormously greater number of
specialists In tho field, the average patient
will find expert treatment within his reach
at prices that he can afford to pay.
"We will have great clinics, where all
those who are unable to pay will receive
the advantage of the services of the flower
of our medical experts without a cent of
cost to them. Wo have secured tho co
operation of nearly every hospital in the
city to extend our clinical and observational
work and our rolls, both in the studeut body
and on the teaching staff, aro open to quali
fied men, no mnttcr what institution they
represent.
Can Surpass All Others
"Research work will bo an important
feature. Even though we should master all
the medical knowledge that Is available, wo
must continue Investigation Into tho realms
of tho unknown if medicine is to progress.
Bo great stress will be laid on this work.
"That tho Importance of this roovo lias
been appreciated outside is shown by the
enormous number of inquiries received from
nil over tho country and, in fact, all over
the world. . . . . ,
"New York and Chicago, some tsttps
1920
BREAKING INTO THE BIG LEAGUE
behind us, hnvo not been slow to grasp the
meaning of this school, and they will f.oon
be making strenuous efforts to equal or. sur
pass us. They both havo verv great re
sources financially, ond If we nre not prop
erly supported wo shall once again be forced
to relinquish tho lend which is so rightfully
ours, n lend which many times in tho past
has been within our grasp, only to be un
realized. "Minnesota is one of the greatest stntes
In the country in the field of medical prog
ress. But the citizens of the stnte support
their institutions. Timbcrland hns been set
aside for their use, nnd it is worked as n
business proposition for them, developing
returns that have made the University of
Minnesotn one of the richest endowed in
stitutions in the country.
"Wo have within our grasp the oppor
tunity to make this city a center that will
outshine Vienna, Berlin, Munich nnd Heid
elberg ns centers for master studies, to
which physicians from all parts of the world
como to continue their further training.
"Think what It would mean in prestige.
In financial return. In help to the sick nnd
sorely afflicted to have such a magnificent
thing nt our very doors going op, under our
very eyes.
Benefits to Be Derived
"Think what It would mean to our strug
gling physician, hungry to progress, burst
ing with energy, anxious for nn opportunity
to turn his talents nnd his acquired experi
ence loose in tnckling the enormous medical
problems thnt llo before him.
"Think of the advances in surgery to be
mndc, tho nerves to be steadied, the poor,
tired, worn-out minds to be restored, tho
hopelessly crippled to be made whole.
"Think of the enormous betterment possi
ble nil along the line for the physician, for
the public, for the city and tjien nsk your
self if this project Is not one of the most
important nnd most worthy ever undertaken
here and deserving of the enthusiastic and
open-handed support of the citizens of tho
cltv and of the state, which would receive
many of the benefits thnt would accrue."
What Do You Knoiv?
QUIZ
1. Where In France was the armistice with
Germany signed?
2, What does the second amendment to the
United States constitution provide?
3 What Is the Balaxy In the heavens?
4. Who Is tha present poet laureate of
England?
B. Who said "Men are but children of n
larger Errowth"?
6. Whom did Pocahontas marry?
7. Jn what century w-as the city of Pompeii
burled by lava from Mount Vesuvius?
8. Where Is tho Applan Way?
9. What aro the colors of tho flag of Ruma
nia?
10. What is the correct name for the fore
HmbB of a whale?
Answers io Saturday's Quiz
1. M, Leygues In the now premier of France.
2. The empyrean Is tho highest heaven.
3. Tha gridiron of a theatre Is the planked
structure over the otage supporting
tho mechanism for drop scenes, otc.
4. The edible part of the (ringer plant Is the
root.
B. Napoleon Bonaparte's son was given the
title king of Home.
6. Antlphonal singing is responsive singing.
An antlphon Is a vorslclo or sentence
sung by one choir In response to an
other: prose or versa composition con
sisting of such passages ; anthem.
7. Thero are nine Justices in tha United
Htateo Supreme Court, Including the
chief Justice.
8. Alhambra literally means the red house.
9. The city of New York was named after
James, Duke of York, and not after
York, the English town.
' 10. A double star Is one which to ordinary
eyeBlght appears sb a single point of
light, but astronomical Instruments
prove to consist of two entirely sep
itrate bodies.
Hidden In tho Menu
Trom the New York Tribune
Manufacturers of high-priced cars, honk
ing in the dark to keep their courage up,
say thnt they will not reduce the cost to
the consumer: downtown restaurtnt n.
prietors say that they uro unperturbed byv
tho Carry-Your-Lunch movement. "Men
come in lor mncn, trio manager of Stan
ley's restaurnnt said, "nnd talk over their
business. They could talk in their ofilcei,
but they liko to como Jn hero nnd kill two
birds With ono stone," What, wo wonder,
li the blll-.of.faro name for.tho stono? .
Cbapln In St. Louis Democrat
SHORT CUTS
New York Lambs are served with J.
together too much sauce.
The Covenant Is getting a lot of inter
esting publicity theso days.
Wilton Lacknye revises it to read,
"Biffed is the peacemaker."
Tho Albany Legislature is getting all
the notoriety of the unrighteous.
The old question, "Why pay rent?" hai
been changed to "How pay rent?"
" - "" i
Baseball will continue to be an honest i
game because honesty pays. ' '
Tho football season began in its nsual
way with a hot, muggy Saturday.
With a $5,000,000 Municipal Court, ti
Sopulaco might well consider itself done
irown.
Now thnt the joybells have rung oat, til
women will presumably get down to busi
ness. Among the agencies that arc dcstrojioi
tho highways of tie country the motortruck
hns weight,
Tho Cost of Living will doubtless In
Just as Irritating going down as when It.
was going up.
Vice President Marshall is probablj
looking forward to the day when he will
emerge from obscurity.
The householder who will have no UM
for n coal shovel this winter may still kP
himself warm with a snow shovel.
With three-pound bronze rosettes fall
ing among pedestrians, the archways of City
Hall appear to be good places to avoid.
There'll be no worrying about freight
cars when coal is burned nt tho pit inoutl
and sends its energy near nnd far in thi
form of electricity.
One man who is watching with burnlnf
eagerness tho preliminary couferencoa at
Riga between tho Poles nnd Russians li
General Wrangcl.
With a passport system making it dlfl
cult for Americans to go abroad, it Is Strang
that a somewhat similar system could not M
Inaugurated to stem tho stream of undesir
able immigrants to these shores.
Tho Newport Improvement Society ob
jects to women walking tho streets In batlj
iug costume, and not too much of it.
wants tho board of aldermen to take action
to improve on nature, as it were.
A story comes from Chicago that all tie
girls are buying boys' shoes and shoo dealer'
nro finding high heels a drug on the marM.
We'd us lief believo that as that they l)l
quit using powder on their cute little nosei.
A San Francisco counterfeiter, ninetf
money in order to get back to prison, as "
was always "well treated there. " j
wise man who knows what bo wants am
gets It.
Postal delivery of farm products direct
from producer to consumer should bav i
beginning with the individual producer ana
the Individual consumer. Let the housevrtji
pick her farmer and arrange for the weeiw
or monthly delivery of potatoes, butter, egn
nnd chickens, nnd the cost of the middleman
will at once bo eliminated.
A notebook belonging to George Wash
ington recently unearthed contains, w
Washington's own handwriting, a recipe tor
the making of small beer. It calls for thlrw
gallons of the stuff in n cooler. But there
is small comfort In small beer nowadays. iw
the chances nre that it would be tho brewer
who would find himself In the cooler.
Among the maxims to bo taken with
grnln of salt is that about the good dj
young. There would bo moro truth in i
declaration that the Rood live to a ripe
age, since a man to live long must at w
be a clean liver. Members of the Or
Armv of the Republic proved it in their t
sion In Indlannpolls last week. Old as tnJ
nre. they keep abrcost with the times, y
hi- JiimiiI nt "One flsr and one counwj
their ljltuul of "One flag and one
ith.w I..... nAAA "(in, lnnniaie.'
uni itvuvK . -'
. '.?!,!