I
t-
K
V
'tt.
fcjcntng $ubUc Sle&aer
v" . " PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
cCT ,!.' S.'Ve'TrSent. means that the battle Is to be fought on
'IftSfl c- '.!" s,?rtUrK. 5i1..S"r"ruLr. ' Is1"" "' he distribution of the spoils
'.l&nS.VuS: gM.."'"1'"" nJ,by .he worst set of political gnng-tcrs
""" "aniToniAT no vnD '" 'lc c0UU'rJ' 'ho voters would be glad
. f cinti ill tc. reins, 'chairman ! to know It ns soon as possible.
DAVID E. BM1LCY Editor "Progrcssivlsm" used to mean a cer-
JOHN C. MARTIN. UenerAl Business Mar. ; tain degree of idealism, but neither
" ' . .. l ; 7T.7ZZZ I Murphy nor Taggart nor Nugent nor
published dally at Ptmuo '.Knurs nulMin, i.. unt,l r-enonlTn nn blent If he
A independence Squsre. Philadelphia "rennan would recognize an idem it i c
Att.ANiic citr. , .rress-Vnion i nuildin I mot one In broad daylight on a public
fceir Yok .104 Mnillsftn Aye. li-i,....
Dktsoit 701 Ford Hul dlna Mgliwnj.
BT. LOUIS ... 100S Fllllerton liUl in n
Cmcioo 1302 Tribune BullJln
NBWB nunEAtisi
TvisniMBTOM nrnruu,
Lt , s- n -............ A nnA lllh Ml.
New Tok Ilcmuu . The Run DuiMIng
sunHcrurrioN hates
, The KrtNiNci Ft'M.tc I.reiirn I rri
ftubsrrlhrr In Philadelphia and aurroundln;
towns at the rate of twelve (II) cents ror
, Week, pvvalile tp the carrier ..,., . ..
, . n.v mill to points outside of Philadelphia.
A 'In Ihe United 8ts.tes, CanHda, or , V'nltj.1'
BtMes possessions, postnao free, fifty M)
tents per month. Six (in) dollars per year.
avble In advance. .... , ....
To all foreltrn countries one (111 dollar
6er month , . . .
N o T I o n Subscribers wishing? address
ehunaed must live old as well as new ad-
HELL," 1000 WALNUT KEYSTONE, M UN iMO
ty Addrns nil com mint fen (Ions lo Bi(Mng
PnoHe Ledger, Independence Square.
FMIodelnMn.
Member of the Associated Press
run associated rn ess m
erclusirefj entitled to the use for
republication of nil news dispatches
credited to it or not othencise credited
in this paper, and also the heal netcs
published therein.
All right of republication of special
dispatches herein are nlo reserved.
PhUadtlpMi. S.lurJ.y. J.dr 31. 1910
A FOUR-YEAR PROGRAM FOR
PHILADELPHIA
Things on wlilrh the people eapert
the neir administration to concen
trate Its attention t
The Delaware river bridoe.
A. drvdock bis enough to accommo
date the largest ahtps
Development of the rapid transit sys
tem. A convention hall.
A. butldtnij for the Free Library.
An Art Museum.
Enlargement of the water supply.
Uomes to accommodate ihe popula
tion. ROTTEN HOSE
THE legitimate fruit of rotten politics
Is rotten hoc.
A government run by contractors for
the profit of contractors I bound to
consider the profit before it considers
the public service.
The bursting of the hoe at the file
this week Is not unprecedented. The
firemen have been compelled to use
rotten hoe for a long time There
have been nominal investigation, but
the hose continues to burt when the
water Is turned on.
It Is about time that a thorough in
quiry was made into the condition of
all the fire hose in the city anil into the
Identity of the contractors who supplied
It. Then we shall have the information
ne,cessary to guide the director of public
rafety when he award-, contracts for
new supplies.
It is possible to make hose which will i
stand up agninst water pressure for n
reasonable length of time, and it is
possible for the city to make its speci
fications sufficiently explicit to pet such
hose if the men who buy it insist that
the kind of cnod" specified be delivered
. n:... !-....... :. -1 1.. 1 1-.. 1
the fire hose examined, but he should '
Taontop there. Examine the specifica-
tlons and the record of the contractors
themselves
I
... m,7I ...
FLATTERING FIGURES
TJALDXESS in faetsr-iu contrast to
JJ in effeet nn nntnm, hMn.....,....i . i
rdonally makes a fine showing This N ;
certainly true with respect to rhila- !
delphia. reported by the census taker as !
the third eitv in the countn. in the dis- !
. - .
plav of modern street paving. New
rn street paving. .pv
.-ago. larger communities. ,
and population nre. j.
a4I ImAI ! f
York and Chic
both in area
might be expected, in the lead
That the dignified statistics do nut,
go into particulars of the condition of '
the metropolitan thuroughfans is a fact
e'rainistering at once to our relief and
our shame relief that the disgrace of
Philadelphia is not incorporated in the
census tomes; shame that the whole
truth would be so discreditable an f.
posurc. THE POOR MAN'S LAWYER
THE director of the department of
public welfnre is making progress
toward the organization of the Legal Aid
Bureau for the relief of persons who do
not understand their legal rights.
ane purpose 01 me mireaii is lf, pro- ,
Tide legal ndwee without charge fnr the ,
poor and ill -informed who may ohan
to get into trouble If the magistrates
co-operate with Director TiMin and
rend to the bureau those persons
brought before them who are in nerd of
help it can do a valuable service to the
community.
Many an ignorant person suffers in
silence rather than rrsit mnistiee be
cause he cannot nffoid to hire a lawier
nnd does not know where to g(J tori
;nnw where t,,
advice he needs
, "PROGRESSIVISfVT
MpnOORRKSIVISM nnd
J- I.
eague of Nations is to be th-
IJemocrats trump card in the V.Y'O
campaign." sars Genrge White, the
chairman of the national committer.
When one retails how Mr i'n was
nominated one wonders just what Mr
.Wflito means bi "progrcssivism "
If it had not been for the support of
Murphy, the Tamnian boss-, Nugent.
the machine leader of New Jersev;
Taggart. the Democratic -aint of In
diana, and Brennnn. the heir to Roger
Sullivan's machine and methods in Illi
e nois. Mr fox would have been merely
nn "also ran."
The Tammany idea of "progressiva
im" was explained in Portland. Ore .
the duy before Mr Cox was nominated
by Samuel Marks, a Tammauv delegate
nnd district leader, who was on his wjy
home after having given his credentials
to an alternate. Here is what Mr.
Murks said to a reporter for the Port
land Oregonian while McAdoo was still
in the running:
I should have been made collector
Of customs of New York, but wus
thrown Jown . do ou think I'd favor
McAdoo after that'' I was the sui,
Kectlon of the organization nnd was
appointed but not confirmed, for
Roper consolidated the two districts
and dltch'd me. Tammauv doesn't
do business that way, and Tammany
has recetv'iil i othlng from tho Wilson
administration, as I told McAdoo
some time ago You can't run nn
Vtrganlxatiun without patronage, and
lhe boys In the downtown districts
wouldn't support McAdoo after the
way they've been treated
Mr. Marks said he favored Cox, and
""Im Van merely expressing the wishrs of
tJta'TjimHM'nv delegation for1 the nonil-
nation otA man who would playStbc
game of spoils politics In its way. The
state spoilsmen made the nomination.
If Mr. While Intends to have It tin-
rlArefnA.I Innf "urfiivrnaatvttim' tills Vrflr
i PEACE PACT IMPERILED
BY RUSSO-GERMAN AIMS
Revived Slavic Nationalism and
Berlin's Evasive Tactics Support
This Grim Deduction
THAT the dilemma of the Allies,
forced into the humiliating position
of asking peace terms of victorious
llussla, is pleasing to Germany N n
deduction hardly to be disputed. Any
circumstances, regardless of their origin,
which tend to lessen the prctlg' f
conquerors, are virtually certain to be
capitalized by a defeated nation.
It was jealousy among the allien of
a century ago which uunucstlonablv
tempted Napoleon to challenge destiny
a second time. That he failed is so
signal a historic fact that it has some
times ob'cured appreciation of the nnr
rowncss of the margin by which Wa
terloo was turned Into a great victory
for his opponents.
The Germaus of the present would
not be Germans did they not view thc.vrrsy.
inmeilintc embarrassment of the Lti
tentp resulting from the Polish fiasco
with unmixed satisfaction. More than
that, they would not be human.
Ilegardle.ss of political complexions
and of social and economic philosophies,
the Teutonic minds may be set down
as a unit upon at least one subject.
That dominant theme is the Trenty of
Versailles. The chances of subverting
it obviously depend very largely upon
the actions of the one nation exempt
from consideration in that otherwise
comprehensive document.
The "world peace" of lfflO did, it is
true, drie the German nrmlcs from
Russian oil. Uther tnnn mat, now-
ever, the auarililc realm comprising the
lnrget contiguous territory on the globe j beside the case to say that the for
wn ignored. If the dangers which that j elgn-born workers nre getting better
omission entailed were somewhat specu- I ,)aj. than they lould earn abroad or that
lativo then. the are assuredly grimly I th(1 (,qaor in which they lhe is like
real today. I that to which tlicj were accustomed iu
Of the many interpretative angles
frnm uhicli the crii cau be viewed.
one of the most significant is emphasized
by B. F. Kospoth. correspondent at
Geneva of this, newspaper His analy
sis, printed on another page tooay,
pointedly suggests the vast opportuui
ties oncn to Geimanv through th
t)u, ,
agency of the present highlv organized
and successful lied nrm . Tor it 'R "
secret that thU powerful military ma
chine is only Bolshevist In a Pickwick
ian sense.
Ilnissiloff. Pavlivnuoff and other
gifted officer's of the Inte imperial regime
a.e leading in the driw into Poland,
Mr. Kospoth is informed that German
militarists aie nlso prominent in th
mmement nnd that the excellent mill
(1C
I tary strategy emplojed is primarily a
! result of German inspiration.
ins opinion siieus .1 suusiv. u.vum
not an unexpected light upon lie latest
?"" "f uf "'fttf.JJ"1 , ' " "Pi ?h
for an arm) of l.OOfMIO men to hgh
bolshcvim. It i dlfbcult to ee what
the iunker classes, of whom I.udendorff
!'s an acknowledged spokesman, would ,
Ignin from such a performance if sin- 1
' cerely executed. The discomfiture of I
Soviet arms would utialtccluiiy tiengin
th. Euteute. In that e cut Mime pro,-
P't of restoring order in 1-uropo and ,
of scrupulously carrying out the Ueaty
of Versailles could be entertained. .No
-.-.! . I ...Ln.l.tl IT , lit) l(1-H'rt
proiesiaumi.- n i.u. ........... . .. .....
proifsmi ,u.- -. ..u... ........ ....
hi. late foes believe that he is working ,
for su.h an outcome.
"Iiol-hewsm.
according to one of
reliable Tlussjau iu- i
Mr. Ko-pnth's
formants. "will automaticniij cease .is
kimn as Gcruinn obtains revision or tne 1
pcucf treatv." Involved 111 that pro
nation is the formation of a Ilusso-
German alliance, the specter which has
haunted the western powers, insiorieo .
the supplemental peajy agreements nnu
ioiiorted the ricent course of Kntcnte ,
diploma. iuto frantic endeavors to hit
tho ucure-t way
History shed an ominous light upon j
the forecast Apart from the merits 1
demerits of bolhosm as a social
nj.ram ,t u undeniable that Russia j
hetrawd' Iwr allies at Brest-Utovsk.
T,.niu pro-German before hit, ns-
,.PI1,lan0J- Ui, ,inr,Uestiouably the re-
f '!'., 1. i,...i,. i.i.l nn his rise to '
1 power. 1 worker "Wljen one considers that
I At Rrest instant expediency dictated the life of nearly every labor union de
Isurrendei to German territorial unibi- pend-upon the activities of a very small
tmns With the end of the war still , fraction of its membership." w litt-s Mr.
I eilid. subservience to tho imperial Ger- Foster, "it is clear that the lonstant
'man Government was a practical ne-. drain upon its best blood must have
. -itv in the spring of WIS. Co- ; seriouslj hindered the advance of the
" ration with the aims of its 'demo- trade-union movement."
'....." ...... nn Ii: now eoil.llH thcl At. i".. U.H...U l.m .nl u:. - ..
ui,i, ,..,. t itnssin ...,.!.,. . t. .... , .,....,,
be -rns(d. ul.en he wrote his book on "Syudical-
From the Allies no favors not wrunglj,m" fPU- jears ago. He is now a
from them bv military might can be trade unionist because he thinks he cau
won i oucossioue. wiih-u "it-"Hi", mm
nnt the., , I tri mbP ,n the critical Poli.-li 1
ncsotiations will be grudging.
The liiipulatame trum is mat tne
Soviet Government is uggressiveh anti-
Allv and has been so since Brest And
the natural vet unwholesome conclusion
Is that the Bolshevist rule is pro-Ger-
man and mm i" "" i""" i'r"--
trate" German is cultivating fertile
fieliU of hope. '
1
The situation is complicated, but nnt
at all improved, so far as the western
nowers are .rOnrorned, bj the intense ;
nationalism of victorious Rtis-ia About ,
tne last man who mmm. .nurmin " '
the externals of his career, be thought .
favorably inclined toward the Red armv
is Alexander Kerensky. Vet in Paris
this week the former premier declared
that he. "with all Ilut.Uns. regardless
of party, hoped ardently for the victory
of our armies "
"Reconstituted Poland," he ex
plained, "fortified and unified, thanks
to tho aid of the Enteute hud dreamed
of winning, to the detriment of Russia,
her historic frontiers of the Middle
Ages. All Russia, Soviet or not, hns
risen against the power whhh was at
tempting to take from her during her
itoisnovisi agony scraps 01 ner urn-
tory.
Iu other words, Russian patriotic
and nationalistic consciousness is
aroused once more. Bolshevism, with
n speed that Is positively startling, has
become subsidiary to imperialistic aims.
The Soviet Government has prolonged
its life In an, organized endenvor to re
gain the former empire of the czar..
Well-equipped armies are fas flung
to the east and weijt. The aid and
sympathy of Islam is wooed, a program
which recall the efforts of Germany to
JDfeNING PUBLIC
awake the tra'ditional military enemy
of Christianity.
In the midst of tho huge designs
bolsbrvisru, Indeed, may fall, but should
its extinction be a culmination of Rus
sian nationalist triumphs the applause
of sane civilization may be stilled by a
new. menace, or rather' the old one re
vived. A Kuso-Gcrman alliance Is a con
ception which has for fully fifty years
disturbed visions of world tranquillity.
The partnership of France, Krltain and
llussla was unnatural in many aspects.
Freedom-lovinB nations condoned it in
a tragic emergency. It was hard, how
ever, to reconcile the association with
logic.
It Is the possibility of a regrouping
of the powers ulong lines which the
folly of William II obstructed which
invests the present plight of the En
tente with such particular peril. Cour
age, vision and, above ull, a recognition
of palpable facts will forestall It. De
lusions concerning the undercurrents of
llusso-German policy are instinct with
fatality. The prime necessity is to
solidify by the Treaty of Versailles, from
which now can be drawn far too many
mocking analogies with tho "peace" of
Amiens.
WHAT FOSTER STANDS FOR
THK publication of William 'A. Fos
ter's book on "The Great Steel
Strike and Its Lessons" at about the
same time as the report of the commis
sion of the Interchurch World Move
ment on the same subject is fortunate,
became It places before the nation the
larger issues imolved in the contro-
The interchurch report regarded the
stiike merely a nil effort of the steel
workers to secure a shorter working
day. better pay and the right to or
ganize. It called attention to the hard
conditions under which the rrfrii work,
and it urged President Wilson to ap
point a special commission to study the
conditions in the steel industry and
report on the best methods to iniprbvc
them.
The conditions need improving. A
fair living wage is denied to many of
the workers. They are kept on duty
for twelve hours a day and sometimes
for twenty -four hours. Many of them
live in squalor such as should not bn
Dermitted in American communities. It
Europe.
We have boasted that the wage
standard in Airierlra is higher than in
any other country and that living con
ditions here ale better than anywhere
else. We cannot make 5001I this boast
so loug as it is possible to find such
cnuilllious lis ore s;uti w tin uiuuub
the iron ami steel workers.
The interchurch commission's report
looked merely to the adoption of means
to improie the wages and hours, of the
steel workers.
The steel strike, however, according
to Mr. Foster, was called for far other
purposes. Hours and wages were inc -
urniai cunsiucrunuus. .., ... .mu.a..-
end or me striKe was 10 win tne rignt
' of the steel workers to organize unions
'affiliated with unions in other Indus
I tries. The ultimate end wa.s the dc-
1 structiou of the wage sjstem, which if I
it means an thing means the transfer '
of the control of industry to the hands ,
nf thi' uoikeis.
It
icouounc revo-
I, trim,
The stiike is to be renewed, according,
to Mr. Foster, when plans haw been
pcrfcctcd t0 induoo the coal miuers and.
,Il(, railroad workers to stiike simul-
talleousIv wlth tuo btc workers a, i
..... ,n ...,. ,,, .,. .,.,., i,..!....... 1
unt ug mnnnK,.Ps niu mak( th (0n.
r(sion? lliri, thn ,vorKer demand,
nt bPtt(,r waB, am, a i.i!0rtPr ,!.
(n al)f) (,1(, r! ht ,0 j0jn , u1j0UH
.. . . .
wl!1 nnt fllti-fy. The plan is t a
,., nnt sati-ty. ine pian is o a
U(C.f,!,ion f stnkr, t0 Kain ,n,h n ,,.,.
naro of t!lL , roflth of tho 111(1,Mn
t ill I. a a i...ltiii,B r a ..nitlfr.l iiH.I ii ill J
uill 1. two iiriihini? for rnnitat nntl u ill
r(tut ju turning the steel mills over
to ti,e worker-
This is sunliralh-ni pure and -imple.
jr r"-ter intimates that the move
ment 1'as nnt progressed -o rupidlv as
its advo.atos have desired, because it
lay n, been admitted that the labor-
unjn niovenunt is revolutiouan He 1
ja,s ti,t. rudicals ns a conseqii. nee have
abandonrd it and have joined the
y y ji0 poads for the return
of tline radifals to the ranks of union-
ism. where they can work to better
advantage and hasten the economic rev-
olution fnr which they nre working.
He sa. that
ment is trawli
tl im' iruuc-iiuinii movc-
eliug faster than any other
bo.h
ireaih
toward the end thev wish to
The trade unions are suffer-
inc frnm the secession of the militant
bring about the abolition ot the wugc
1... ,,., .,. n.nrifi.. in thiu u-ht-
Tnp (0afrsSion in his book siibstan-
thtes the charges made against him
jheu he was managing the steel strike,
i aud it is a formal declaration that no
I ronees ions which the owners of the
fteel mills make to the workers, short
of the complete surrender ot the plants,
wm satisfy the labur unions, if Foster
js right.
It is not likely that the interchurch
emjimlssiou wishes to follow Mr. Foster
tnUh far Ilor i,u,p the rank aud file of
ti, in,,,i.tn trade unionists Indleatrrl
nnr disposition to favor such an ex-
periment with extreme socialism
i .
A CONSOLATION PRIZE
DUDLEY FIELD MAI.ONE had his
speech accepting the nomination for
the presidency bv the Fnrmer-Lnbor
partv all prepared, and was walking up
the aisle in the convention hall in Chi
cago to deliver it. when some one told
him that P. P. Christiansen hnd been
nominated.
As he has a strong heart, he survived
the shock.
Now Mr. Malone has received a sort
of consolation nrle in the shnnc of the
i nomination for the governorship of New
York from the parte which turned him
down for the presidency. The chief
value of the nomination lies in its open
ing to him of an opportunity to deliver
the acceptance speech which he hnd
prepared fnr Chlcugo. A little revamp
ing will innke it answer very well, but
he will have to beware of the tricks of
memory nnd exert himself to the utmost
to avoid announcing that he "accepts
the national leadership of the farmers
nnd laborers In this momentous cam
paign up tialt River,
AN ARCHBISHOP'S FEAT
Mannlx, of Australia, Does Bright
Angel Trail at the Grand Can
yon on Foot The Physical
Strain In Figures
Ity GKORGIS NOX MrCAIN
ARCHBISHOP MANNIX. of Aus
tralia, looms very largo in the eyes
of the world today. His speeches in this
country on tho Irish situation and Pre
mier Lloyd George's declaration that,
as a result, he is to be penalized by
refusal of the government's permission
to land anywhero in the kingdom, have
made him nn international character.
The archbishop Is tall and slender,
sinewy and ojeUvo, and devoted to out
door life.
A Philadelphia friend who recently
returned from southern California via
the Grand Canyon tells a very interest
Ing story of nn episode in which the
archbishop was the central figure that
occurred at the canyon during the
prelate's journey eastward.
One morning the hlerarch, accom
panied by his two secretaries, an
nounced to Manager Brent, of the El
Tovar Hotel, that he contemplated n
trip down Bright Angel Trail to the
river.
Those who have visited the Grand
Canyon nnd lnade this tortuous and
perilous journey will recall the thrills
and heart sinkings that invariably ac
company the trip.
It is. of necessity, made on the back.
of u burro, and once made Is never lor
cotten nnd never repeated by the
tourist.
rnilE manager inquired if the nrch-i-
bishop and his party hnd made
burro reservations, and was astonished
to lenrn that the trio proposed to make
the descent on foot. His protestations
were met with smiling reassurances that
thev feured no danger, were accustomed
to "mountain climbing nnd thnt the
beetling precipices nnd narrow paths,
with space below and rocks overhead,
held no terrors for them.
"Rut there is no parallel between
this trip down Bright Angel nnd the
ascent of a mountain," persuaded the
hotel manager.
"When you ascend a mountain you're
fatigued when you reach the summit.
nnd the descent is the ensiest part. You
may descend the trail with comparative
case, but the. ascent will exhaust you.
But the archbishop and his secre
taries only smiled at the manager's
anxiety.
He then endeavored to persuade them
to take some lunch nlong. bgt even this
was declined. It was pointed out that
there was no notable water to he had
along the trail, but the idea of burden-
ing themselves even wmi win.-.- """
ODjeciioiiuuic.
Finally in despair Manager Brent in
sisted that ench must nt least carr two
lemons in his pocket, for he knew w hut
he was talking about, and to this the
prelate and his companions reluctantly
assented.
THE archbishop Is described ns a man
of vears inured to walking and
climbing, wiry, flexible ns to his mus
cular development, self-confident and
fearlrss.
But Bright Angel Trail nn foot was
a task unlike any he had ever set him
self to perform.
Rcturniug tourists, nerveless, weary
,) uinnr-merl over the rncklnir exneri
onrrs nf the' day, came straggling up th
trail towurd evening. They reported
Ma
the arrival of the archrtisiiot and
,-nnirmnionj nt the bottom in snfct
though surprlied at the length of the
journey aim us i-unium .
Night approached and the trio had
not appeared. Glasses ere brought
into play, but no moving figures could
be discovered nn me iruii 111 im-
sional places where it came Into view
in the narrow and.hazardoua distance.
The hotel people and guides, as the
earlj darkuess of the Afizona evening
began falling, were nrranging n rescue
"", ,.i,n the three churchmen nn
party wl.cn x2uZm.
1 exhausted The,
l4'
hud suffered frnm lack of water and
were in need of food. While still
stout-lirarted. it wn plain that the
flesh would hac .onrpiered the spirit
had they been coinprllid to climb much
further.
'Plinr uiilivennentlv acknowledged that
their venture was gpater than they had
ever nutlcipatul. and hnd it not oecn
for one thing Ihej doubtless would have
succumbed, tint onlv to the dangers but
to the physical xhaustlou consequent
to their efforts :
The lemons saved them.
s
IN CONNECTION with this experi
ence of Archbishop Mnnnix nn in
teresting mathematical calculation bv
Dr. J. Rtirhheistrr. a German scieutist.
on the phsicnl mcrgv or force exerted
bv the human bod under certain con
ditions, particularly mountain climbing,
is interesting.
While the work performed Is merely
by the musdr-s of the eg, the contrnc-'
tions of the muscle of the heart have
to be taken into account.
Tbe heart's function consists, as Is
well known, in propelling the blood col
lecting in the In art into the arteries
and lungs
This is effected nt an initial velocity
nf one and a half beats per second,
which in the iste of nu adult is a work
of four foot-pounds for rarh contrac
tion. The pulsatinns of an adult nre on the
average sewntv-two per minute, but in
nsrendlng heights, owing to the addi
tional exertion, their number is in
creased to an extraordinary extent.
Supposing Archbishop Mannlx to
weigh Ills pounds, in making an nscent
of 7000 feet from the foot of the canyon
it is not thnt great, however he had
to expend nn amount of physical force,
according to Doctor Buchhelster's fig
ures, found bv multiplying his weight
bv the height In his case it would be
(S pounds and a height of 7000 feet,
eouivalent to 1.17(5.000 foot-pounds.
In other words, he hnd to lift 1,170,000
pounds out foot.
Iu this estimate there is not included
the physical force spent In overcoming
the friction on tho ground, keeping the
bodv crcrt at dizzy heights and sus
taining the weight of necessary cloth
ing. The archbishop performed some feat
when he made his memorable trip.
I
N ITS broadest sense seeing Amerlo
mrans Infinitely more thnn following
the beaten paths of travel mapped out
by tourists' agents and railroad guido
books
There are vast tracts of virgin terrl
torv between the oceans and within our
northern nn.l Knnthern borders thnt
have never known the imnress of a
white man's foot. Iu northern Montana
there are unknown nenks: iu tho tri
angle of southern Nevada there Is a vast
aren that is nameless and unexplored.
Within the last half dozen years
travelers have been mode acquainted
with the most wonderful nssemblogi of
natural bridges in tho world In Utah.
There are thousands of square miles of
virgin territory still waltitiB to welcome
adventurous spirits and yield their
mvslcrlrs, as well ns terrors, to thouo
with the will to do and dare.
SHORT CUTS
Those who get their money cry In
effect, "BanzaL Ponzlll'
Editorial Writer Cox, is having an
awful lot of trouble with that leader
of his.
The one thing. Poland did was to
give everybody a chance to say "I told
you sol''
Tho Mayor is now a Knight of the
Raisin. Vare men havo information
as to what he is raising
Villa, having made his pile as a
bandit, may now, be expected to becomo
conservative' nnd reactionary.
1
The virtue In.thc drop in prices
will not be perceived by those who have
been dropped from the payroll.
There Is possibility that the police
could more reudlly destroy the auto
bandits' field of endeavor if they pulled
down their "fences."
It was as it were a Fonzl nslnorum
thnt the clients of the quick millionaire
used In crossing over the chasm of
speculation to the land of opulence.
Resolute lost a rare when she
parted her throat halyard. a'b?
Shamrock lost because she caterwauled
her feline or something.
When we noted the fact that it
cost a lot of money to clean City Hall
we were not thinking of the possibility
that tho Mayor would do It with an ax.
One fire ilevMnns n faulty ladder;
another develops poor hose ; 11 third may
show something wrong wit 11 me pur
chasing department; just one darned
thing after another.
There is one nrgument to justify
the increased passenger rates threat
ened by the railroads, and one nlonc.
Reduced passenger trnffic may give them
nn opportunity to concentrate on
freight.
Thorn lo liPB.rronlne' nromise In the
action of local commercial bodies In I
inaugurating n drive to orca in-mm
congestion. If the movement becomes
nation-wide we may reap the benefit of
our bounteous crops.
Those who criticize the supreme
council and through it the League of
Nations lose sight of the fact that If the
Fnlted States hnd from the first been a
n-nrklnir member nf the leadlC it WOUlU
now be doing much of the work that de
volves on the council.
What the world appears to be suf
fering from is u case of nerves. In the
interval between active war nnd assured
i. .. ... .1,nil.nd f.nlillenl.
ffirtr nl and social. But It 'is a pretty
:en0(i old world iust the same, and It will
cooii o d world in
eventually hnd itseit.
The Young Lady Next Door But
One was reading the political ncw-s.
"It's fininv how mistakes get into the
paper." said she. "Here it says.
un,lu nm helm? laid on the block and
the departments are being combed.' Of
course., you understand. 11 is wic uvuua
that arc' being combed."
The economic blocknde suggested by
Arthur J. Balfour iu connection with
the league is not a new thing: It was
spoken of as an effective weapon when
the league was newly born; but it has
been willfully kept in the background by
foes of the league, who profess to sec
warfare dictated by the league when-
over differences arise.
The differences between Fiulnnd
nnd Sweden present nn ohiect lesson to
the rest of the world. Under old-time
conditions they would bf" at war. But
the League of Nations' is toiiMdoring
their case nnd they nre pledged to re
frain from war for nt least three months
after n decision has been handed down.
And much may happen in three months.
Surprise is expressed thnt a thief
who broke the window of an Atlantic
Citv pawnshop and took everything In
sight took the trouble to carrv off some
suitcases It apparently didn t ocrur
to anvbnd.v but the thief that the suit
cases 'would be useful In carrying the
stuff awaj But it is n wonder he
didn't lenve a note thnnking the pawn
broker for his kindness.
It is as a partisan that Mr. Gom
pers speaks when he protests against the
laying off of men nt n time when we
"need even pos-lble ounce of produc
tion." As nn economist ho must real
ize that it is wastefulness to keep men
n't work that is nnt needed nnd the pnrt
of common sense to put men nt work
where there is a demand for their labor.
As n concrete example, it would be a
mi'take to hne more brakemeii than
there are freight uirs and the part of
wisdom to put more men nt work build
ing them.
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1 In what yf.ir rt'd tho great mutiny
In India occur"
Tv-ho presides over the Vnltcd States
Senate In the absence of the Ice
President, or when he exercises me
office of President"
3 Which two nations, and in which
order. hve the greatest merchant
marine fleets?
4 To what cr.untrv did the Virgin
Islands In the West Indies belong
before thev were acquired by thu
United States?
What Is a dahabeeyah?
What Is the plural of the word
Ksqulmnu"
What Is a halberd?
What Is a marquee?
n Who was Jack Kheppard?
10. In the reign of what emperor did
the iiomnn empire rcutu
greatest territorial extent?
Us
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. The native name of the Italian city
known to nngllsli-speaklnB people
as Leghorn is Llvorno.
2. A beryl Is a precious stone, pale
green, passing Into light blue, yel
low and white. Tho mineral
species to which It belongs Includes
also the emerald
3 A punka Is a portablo fan, usually
of leaf of palmyra. It Is also a
largo swinging cloth fan on a
irnmo worked by a cord and
largely used In India The word
Is derived from the Hindu,
"pankba."
4 The lending Mexican general In the
Mexican War of 1846-1848 was
Kunta Ana
6 The first permanent settlement or
the English In New England wan
made at Plymouth In 1620.
6 John Hay, secretary of state during
parts of the administrations or
McKlntcy and Roosevelt, Is par
ticularly associated as u. statesman
with the trade policy of the "open
door" In China
7 One hundred nnd twenty-two ves
sels were launched at tne Hog
Island shipyard in lesa than two
years.
8,
The glraff Ib a native of Africa,
diffused from Nubia to the Cape of
Good nope
9 Thotnao Dabhlngton Mocaulay was
the full name of the famoua
historian S
in Sabotage la willful Injury done by
workman to his employer -property
or Interests. ,
i I -'
w.k Aif 1 t
OiTV TOR
sll,.,,'
f&y"'- :: PUT HOTQU'Tfr? j
jE&lM toil L-.'
,M'"
ROADS IN RAISING RATES
ARE PL A YING WITH FIRE
Travel a Vital Nationalizing Force, and Vision Would Safe
guard Public Interest, Says Writer
By EDWARD
FAirard Hunncrford in advancing
the sometrhat unuiual suggestion
featured in tho following readable
and interesting storg, speaks trith
some expert Inowlcdgc. After long
experience as a neicspaper man he.
iras press representative of tho
nrnaktyn llapid Transit Co. from
100i to 1911. Xincc 1912 he has
been advertising manager of tho
M'clls, Fargo A Co. express company.
What one familiar iritli frciaht con
ditions has to' say in favor of pas
senger traffic may ihciefore bo con
sidered as without prejudice.
TO THE man who believes thorough
ly in the private operation of our
railroads the suggestion on the part ot
the Association of Railway Executives
thnt a large part of the burden of the
recent $1500.000,000 increase In railroad
mtes he laid directlv upon the shoulders
of the truvellng public must como as a
distinct nnd none too nereenble shock.
no had been carefullv educated to a be
lief that the freight was abundantly able
to take care of onv advances after the
20 to .13 per tent advance in passenger
fares which McAdoo made shortly after
his assumption of the office of director
general of the United States railroad
administration. After all. the freight
rates form but a small part of the cost
of anv community. The average man
has been told this so often that he has
come to believe it ' And now he ,
shocked to know that he must pay more
and a great 'deal more when he
travels.
It is common to compare our fares
with those of foreign countries, par-inlnrl-
n-ltb thnsc of Great Britain.
lit will be popular now in certain cir
cles to show that our new tare or mrci:
and one-hnlf cents exclusive of Pull
man charges and surcharges Is still
considernblv less thnn that of first-clnss
fares in England nnd Scotland, which
as a wartime measure and to discour
age unnecessary travel were raised from
four cents in qur money to six cents,
where they have remained And even if
you, do include the Pullman chnrge nnd
the proposed new surcharge for day
travel we shall be a fraction -till under
British first-class charges, which fur
nish equipment quite equnl in every re
gard to Olir I'Uliman purinr curs.
Difference In Miles
But several facts remain unanswered.
The first is thnt the maximum one-wny
inurney in the British Isles is bnrely 300
;iiaU. ours more than' 3000 miles.
Which, in itself, Is n distinct factor of
difference. The second, and far more
important, is mat tne nriusn rnuwny
scheme provides for nt least two and
generully three classes of passenger
fares nnd service. If either of these
lower classes is dropped, it is the sec
ond class. The third-class car and serv
ice Is Invariably maintained, nnd on
practlcallv every train The fares on
these remain at two cents a mile, which
means that the man or womnn of most
moderate means in Britain has decent
travel facilities always available, and
at low prices. And in these days after
tho war In cars cleaner nnd better main
tained than the majority of our Ameri
can day conches today, particularly in
tho East, with better average chances
of getting a scat.
Tho railroad In tho United States bus
stcadilv refused to grant n second-class
fare, nt least to any general extent. The
mnn who rides in the Overland Limited
hcross the continent from Chicago to
San Francisco pnys the bqme basis rate
per mile ns he who rides ns un emigrant
from New York out to Chicago, pr on
to tho Pacific coast three cents. Of
course, if he decides that ho would
prefer a Pullman, that will cost him
slightly moro than oue-half a cent a
mile in nddltion; according tp the pro
nosed scheme of the railway executives.
three-quarters of a cent a mile. These
gentlemen pienti, with great dlsln
goniiouBucBs, iiiui. mo I'uuman cur
brings to them far less revenue thau
that ot the. well-filled day coach. But
they lay no stress whatsoever upon tlw T
facCthat hen they introduced tile Pull'!
AS THEY HAPPENED
HUNGERFORD
man system into American railroading
they brought a distinct middleman de
manding nnd receiving a profit of his
own intifour passenger transportation.
If they had from'the beginning handled
the sleeping car and parlor car situation
as It should have been handled cither
by direct ownership, as the Milwaukee
und Great Northern systems still do,
or else by grcut equipment pools there
would huve been no need whatsoever to
day for a' Pullman surcharge to go, not
to the Pullman Co.. which willxtakc
good caro of its own needs, but direct
into the railroad treasuries.
The best function of the Pullman
Co. is its ability to furnish at all' times,
and sometimes under remarkably short
notice, extra as well as the regular par
lor car and sleeping-car equipment. By
moving its fiOOO cars north nnd south
nnd east and west It can take good care
ot the winter tourist traffic in the South
nnd the summer trnfiic in the North, of
conventions here and conventions there
nnd of special movements of nlmost
every conceivable size and variety. No
one railroad is easily able to supply
spare equipment of this sort.
But there was no reason, and still
is none, why the Pullman Co. should
not be organized as the Associated Press
is organized by the newspapers u no
profit-making service organization to
provide tho railroads with certain types
of cars in quantities and seasons buch
as best suit their needs. There is no
reason whatsoever why the iPullman
Co., having made a fair profit for itself
upon each passenger within its cars',
should not divide .that fair profit with
the railroad over which they operate;
absolutely no reason whatsoever why
the railroad, resurding the Piillmun Co.
almost as a foreign or extraneous or
ganization, should attempt to place n
new surcharge of its own upon the un
lucky wight who finds in a country of
great distances such ns this a sleeping
car a necessity rather than a luxury.
To Make Public Smart
No, I think that the railroads have
marched up the wrong street and that
the sooner they acknowledge their er
ror and back out again the better that
will be for themselves and their pa
trons. The unannounced and unexpect
ed move which, by the way, is inndc
against the best judgment of some pretty
well-seasoned traffic experts in their
employ was undoubtedly brought
about by a hot-headed desire to make
the average man smart personally at
the recent wage award to the rank and
file of railroad labor an award, inci
dentally it seems to me, to have been
brilliantly fair, hventually the aver
ago man would have felt this last ad
vance, even though camouflaged nnd
probably to just as great an extent upon
his pocketbook. But it would not have
como direct. And ho would not have
been made to smart. Which may or
may not be good policy. I myself sliould
call it suicidal.
I do not myself believe in govern
ment ownership of our railroads, nor
in government operation, particularly
the latter; chiefly becuuse I do not
believe we can operate them efficiently
or successfully this way. Our brief war
time experience along thtsc lines was
unconvincing. And thn remarkable per
formance of the railroad executives Iu
the few months following the return
of their disorganized and demoralized
pronert ex to them has been more thuu
oidinarily convincing to me. They found
their cars badly located coal cars iu
the est and grain cars In the East
sbort '" "unmbr. nni1 in b-"l rcpulr;
sointv47.).000 of them out of use, or tho
astonishingly high total of 7 Mi per cent.
Against these handicaps and the even
greater one of the vicious nnd continu
ing out aw strike the executives havo
accomplished wonders. They nre getting
the grain cars back Into ihi wJ -
the coal cars down Into the eastern
mines by the thousands and tens of
thousands-. Moreover, they have set a
higher standard for their operotion than
American railroading in tho flower of
cim.-iuin.-j ever oeioro set tor itself
thirty miles per day, thirty tons per
land Not mori tftn J I JS VI 'T
intd orde? anSne?me." uVwha?
I;---
is more, I have not the slightest doubt
that with even ordinary good for
tune it will reach this high mark.
Sp much on the oue hand for setting
the principles of good business up in
railroading. It is a good hand. But whv
destroy its effect by looking at the other?
There is a distinct point where a rail
road ceases to be a business such n
a factory or a store or a hotel or a
thcntr.0. It is tho point where it be
comes something higher; a public
utility, a social necessity, if you please.
There a factor other than that ol mete
profit nnd loss of dollars and of ctnti
must enter Into the reckouiug, It
is the factor of social necessity; and
that Is the factor that has been dis
turbed, nnd seriously disturbed, by the
new proposal to upset our pasbcnj'T
rate schedules across the land.
Not for a moment am I so blind to
hard facts as to believe that railroads
cun long operate without dollars awl
cents; and a sufficient number of them
to pay expenses nnd leave a Iittlo do
cent profit for tbe men who have had
the courage and the vision to put dol
lars and cents Into tho building of tliera.
But I do believe that the apportioning
of the incomo of these should be done
w-ith a duo and definite regard for the
social factor in the situation in it
ewry possible phase. We talk glibly
about nationalization on the one hand,
and upon the other oh. that bad
hand ! do everything to discourage tho
one factor that lends most strongk to
practical nationalization; travel upoa
n huge and increasing scale Little
Italv long ago saw that to which w
seemingly arc so very blind She made
her high mileage scale upon the shorter
journeys of the tourist. After a certain
point his further uiilca became inex
pensive indeed.
Travel a Binding Force
"We want our people to travel all
over the land." said a high Itnliau rail
road officer to me. "It binds thrni more
closely to one another."
He was ubout two generations ahead
in traffic sense of the men who now
propose blindly to increase our flat-rate
tariff structures; so were tJie Swiss and
the Belgian with their before-tlie-war
schemes of circular tickets and little
photograph passes good for an unlimited
amount of travel within the limits of
certain hours or days. The object of
these railroaders was to encourago
travel. The object of ours seems to be
to discourage it. Aud then bltlidlv
wonder why there is a distinct senti
ment for government operation across
the laud.
The majority of Americans do nit
waut government operation not todav
at any rate. Theiuctlons of the great
political conveutious would, seem to
show that beyond a doubt Bjt becauso
private operation has whipped McAdoo
and his tenets for the moment i no
sign for it to run nniiick Rather, I
should tnko It, it is a warning to iiml
with exceeding caro and to the greatest
interest aud consideration of the large"
number of people. In America even
majority may change its mind. Recent
history is fullest proof us to that
mj
The Honeymoon Hills
THE sun that swooned upon the bill.
The hillB of Sassafrns,
In the hush that came with the close
of day, , , ..
Flamed red like the blushes of love -
play,
As over tho hills we made our way,
High hills nf Sassafras.
The stars that hovered o'er the hills,
The bills of Sassafras,
Seemed like confetti afloat in air,
Or meshed in the strauds of a gin
dark hair: , ,..
And oh, but my love, my love was tair
'Midst hills -of Sassafras!
The moon that hung above thn hills.
The hills of Sassafras, , 0j
As tho thront of my dear was round auu
white ; ... lire's
And brimmed, like the goblet of lo"
delight, , . i.ut
It split its wine on the breast of nig"
And hills of Sassafras.
The mists of morn that veiled the hill".
Gray hills of Sassafras, , .-
Were as the sighs that we pausea
When u Brose showed faint In the ba
tioued sky, h.u
And, tho honeymoon o'er, we p"
good -by
To hills of Sassafras. nuJ,4
Harrison Owen, in the Sydney u
letln.
I
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