A I (.'' "0 K H ' EVENING PUBLIC,, LEDGEEr-PHniAJDklSPHIA, TUESDAY, JANtfABtf &) 1920 j fel Mm m K vm i m m. i"W. i s jfiV-i M3 m -iO?" rar i : sm KSH&ft Mi Htm COURAGE DOES NOT FLAG, WE ABIDE OUR TIME," SAYS MERCIER E.S4... sm.m 4.sWtr . r . . i . yiciory, reparation ana necessary guarantees ire w nat we L.ount on, ueciares 5p Cardinal in Defending Pastoral andAttacking Deportations of Belgian Workmen Explanatory Comment rpHE following arc further extracts from the Cardinal's pastoral, "Courage, My Brethren," shich rekindled ! the ire of Von Biasing against the primate: "Those who light for liberty under the Belgian flag are brave. Tho interned of Holland and England, who raise toward God, for their native land, their arni3 weighted with chains, are brave. Our exiled com panions, who bear in silence the weight of their isolation, serve, they abo, as best they can, the Belgian fatherland, as all those souls serve who, perhaps behind the walls of cloisters, perhaps gathered together by the homo fireside, pray, we.cp, suffer, waiting for tho return of the absent and of our common deliverance. "Wo have heard the puissant voice if wives and mothers; thiough their sobs they besought God to sus tain them with courage and faith for tho honor of their husbands and their sons, driven by force into the fac tories of the enemy. We have understood how these valiant ones summoned their strength at tho hour of faro well Co give heart to their comrades or to thunder forth in a supreme effort the national hvmn; we have seen them on their return, pale, wrecked, human ruins; while our eyes, wet with tears, sought thoir ashen glances, we, bowed reverently before them because they revealed to us, beyond doubt, a now aspect hitherto unattained of the national heroism "In our youth our piofessors of history taught us rightly to admire Leonidas and his 300 Spartans who, rather than secure their safety in easy flight, chose to bo crushed in the pass of Thermopylae by tho Persian annjr. They fired us with enthusiasm for the 600 heroes of the land of Franchimont who, their liberty and their life being pledged, and having crossed in the night through the armies of Louis XI and Charles the Bold, euccumbed in an assault of almost mad audacity and in a desperate resistance. Tho teachers of the Belgian generation of the future will hac to cite traits differently evocative of military heroism and of patriotism." Cardinal Merciers Story Including his correspondence with the German authorities in Belgium during the war, 1914 to 1918, edited by Professor Fernand Mayenco of Louvain University and translated by the Bene dictine Monks of St. Augustine's, Ramsgate. England. TDAROM VON DER LANCKEN, having in the course of an interview with Mgr. Legraive, complained of the pastoral, "Courage, My Brethren," the Cardinal wrote him as follows; Aichbishop's House, Malines, Louvain, March 6, 1917. To Baron on der Lancken, Chief of the Political De partment, Government General, Brussels. Dear Baron You were so kind as to inform me through his Lordship, Mgr. Legraive, that, thanks to your pressing instances, Mjle. Douterlinge will escape capital punishment. I rejoice with the family and thank you for your kind and effective intervention. In the course of your interview with my auxiliary bishop it appears that jou passed severe judgment on my last pastoral and expressed annoyance at a letter addressed by mo to a club of young French men. On this last point you have been led astray, for I havo not written, either to any young men's club or to any French newspaper. As regards my pastoral, you must be acquainted by this time with the correspondence on this topic exchanged between the Governor General and mysejf. I cannot expect you to tell me that you are satisfied with my answer, but you cannot deny that in form ing a judgment about the meaning or expediency of my pastoral, we must look at it from two points of view that of the occupier and that of the unfortu nate people whose territory is occupied. You must acknowledge that the military power of Germany could not hae conceived anything more opposed to itri longing for peace than the forcible and woeful deportations, which have aroused univer sal indignation. Accept, dear Baton, the expression of my sincere esteem. (Signed) D. J. CARDINAL MERCIER, Archbishop of Malines. Baron von der Lancken could think of nothing bet ter to justify the action of the occupying power than to appeal to wartime necessities: Political Department of the Government Genet al, Brussnl3, March 9. 1917. To His Eminence Cardinal Merrier, Archbishop of Malines. Your Eminc7ice,8 esteemed letter, dated the 6th Inst., has duly come to hand. I did, as you say, dis cuts with Mgr. Legraive your last pastoral and your letter published by the Parisian press. As regards this last, I take the liberty to send your Eminence an extract from the Vingtieme Sieclc. According to this, the letter was not addressed directly to the Revue des Jeunes, but to one of its staff of writers. I only revert to the pastoral in order to pass a criticism on the remark made by your Eminence that we must distinguish between the occupying pouer and the occupied country. Thf occupied country will un derstand many things done by the occupying pouer. t if it makes an attempt to appreciate the latter's point of view It udl then realize that the occupying power has to take count of the necessities of war imposed on it, and that it by no mana acts in an arbitrary man ner. The occupying power will, of course, look upon all criticism of it? administration as unwarranted, if no account be taken of the circumstances. I offer to your Eminence the expression of my sincere esteem. (Signed) LAXCKEX. Inclosed with this letter was the following extract from tho Vingtieme Siecle, dated February 24, 1917: AN UNPUBLISHED LETTER OF CARDINAL MERCIER Undaunted Loyalty of French and Bel gians Under Hardships The Reuo dns Jeunes will publish tomorrow the following letter which one of its correspondents has fsf received from Caulinal Mercier: Archbishop' House, Malines, January 15, 1917. Dear Sit Mr. X has furnished me with a tangible proof of your kindness toward myself and my suffering flock. I appieciato it greatly and I thank you for it. Indeed, Belgium is being sorely tried and the sufferings of the populations of noith crn France are not 1i, keen But, thank God, oui courage does not flag. Our people, I mean thf lower classes, they who have to bear the brunt of privations, arp wonderful for their steadfastness. This week I went through the byways and alleys of tx little town Lierre which the invaders had already fc looted in August, 1914, and irom which they had just Wy kidnapped 1000 able-bodied men. I went from Iioubs to house to see tiio families of the deported. I had to , dry man tears and to comfort many in sorrow. I v j have heard hard words about the tyrants who bru tally smash up our homes, but I have not heard cither a wife or a mother asking for peace at any jtrjec. We buffer, but wc bide our time. Victory, leparation and necessary guarantees are what we count on. The Americans in charge of the feeding of the French populations report m r-i .A irl To His Excellency eral, Brussels. that your own peo- Copyright. Httrnattmal . ir , T-v I pie arc animated with the same generous sentiments. With you, this spectacle is less surprising, as a Frenchman is temperamentally and traditionally gen erous. Historically he is the embodiment of warlike valor and of chivalry, whereas with us, who havo enjoyed a long spell of peace and! possess a less sanguine temperament, the intense loyalty shown during the last two years amazes us and inspires us with a sentiment, perhaps childishly exaggerated, of self-admiration. You will understand and excuse this feeling, at all events in the case of the-bishop, the father of his flock, and if I make much of it, it is to explain the comfort you have given me by your kind thought fulnebs. I pray God to reward you for it, to bless you and yours and the noble French nation, and I offer you, sir, the assurance of my sincere esteem. (Signed) D. J. CARDINAL MERCIER, Archbishop of Malines. CHAPTER XXXVII Condemnation of Mgr. Lfigraivc, Auxiliary Bishop of Malines, and of M. 1'Abbe Allaer (XH THE finding of the court-martial at Antwerp, Mgr. Legraive, bishop auxiliary of Malines, was condemned to nine months' imprisonment for showing hospitality to a young Frenchman on his way to the frontier, and Abbe Allaer to eight months as an ac complice. The Cardinal learned of these sentences on his way through Brussels, after a few days' absence. He discovered at thn same time that Baron on der Lancken, through the Nuncio, had advised him to ask for Mgr. Legraivo's reprieve. Accordingly, he at once sent in an appeal to the Governor General of this tenor: St. Louis's Institute, Brussels, March 17, 1917. Baron von Bissing,Governor Gen- Sir In returning this evening to Brussels after a few days' absence, I learn to my amazement that the court-martial sitting at Antwerp has just sen tenced Mgr. Legraive, my bishop auxiliary, to nine months' imprisonment. I feel that your Excellency will mercifully quash this sentence, the more so because I happen to know that the act was inspired, as Mgr. Legraive avers, by motives of charity. I hope also that the Abbe Allaer, spiritual adviser to the seminary, who has been sen tenced to eight months' imprisonment, will experi ence similar leniency. Accept, sir, the assurance of my sincere esteem. (Signed) D. J. CARDINAL MERCIER, Archbishop of Malines. The next day the Cardinal begged for permission to visit Mgr. Legraive at Antwerp: Archbishop's House, Malines, March 18, 1917. To Baron von der Lancken, Chief of the Political De partment of the Government General, Brussels. Dear Baron I am ery anxious to visit this aft ernoon his Loidship Mgr. Legraive in prison. Would you kindly procure me the necessary authority to do so or warn the governor of the prison by telephone? 1 will arrange to be at Antwerp between 4 and 5. Accept, sir, the expression of my sincere esteem. (Signed) D. J. CARDINAL MERCIER, Archbishop of Malines. A few moments after sending this letter the Cardi nal learned that Mgr. Legraive had already been sent to Germany. He expressed his surprise to Baron von der Lancken. Archbishop's House. Malines, March 18, 1917. To Baron on d"r Lancken, Chief of the Political Department of the Government General, Brus sels. Dear Baion Yesterday, on my arrival at Brus sels, I learned that his Excellency the Nuncio was urging me, on jour advice, to send in a petition for the reprieve of Mgr. Legraive, my auxiliary bibhop. And this morning I learn that yesterday Mgr. Le graive had already arrived in Germany. I have tried in vain to account for the coincidence. Accept, dear Baron, the assurance of my sincere esteem. (Signed) D J. CARDINAL MERCIER, Archbishop of Malines. Auxiliary Bishop Reprieved Thicc days later Mgr. Legraive, having received a leprieve, returned to his country after spending forty eight hours in the camp at Siegburg. The Cardinal has tened to thank Baron von Bissing for his intervent'on. Archbishop's House, Malines, March 21, 1917. To His Excellency Baron von Bissing, Governor Gen eial, Brussels Sir At this ery moment Mgr. Legraive re turns to us from Germany The iepnee granted him is the result of your prompt and powerful interven tion. I am only doing my duty in expressing to you how grateful I feel and at the same time I offer to you the assurance of my sincere esteem. (Signed) D. J. CARDINAL MERCIER, Archbishop of Malines The Cardinal also thanked Baron von der Lancken for the share he had had in releasing Mgr. Legraive and asked him to use. his influence to obtain the Governor General's clemency on behalf of Abbe Allaer. (CONTINUED TOMORROW) CoDirlofcf. 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