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1 'THE REAL ENGLAND"
President Wihon, during his hurried visit
to England just before the Peace Conference,
visited the Manchester Ship Canal. It ivas
the only industrial enterprise in the British
Isles he found time to visit.
Lord Northchjjc, then speaking of this
eient, said:
"Many people are inclined to think that
New York is the United States. New York
ts not the United States, and London is by
no means England. Within very easy reach
of Manchester are 14,000,000 of the most
progressive English people."
'Among them there is nothing but the
uanncst admiration for the United Slates."
The London "Times,"
23rd December, 131S.
The "Water Route"
Other things being equal, the more of a
long freight-haul is water-borne, and the
less is rail- or road-borne, the better for all
concerned.
It is precisely the advantage of all
water carriage into the very heart of the
industrial England of the North and
Midlands that Manchester, alone of
British ports, is able to offer American
Importers, The same ship that leaves
the American port enters the port of
Manchester.
For the Manchester Ship Canal, one of
the greatest artificial waterways of the
world, connects Manchester directly with
the sea and, today, the world's great ships
discharge their cargoes in the very center
of Manchester, England's second greater
cit, instead of, as previously, being
obliged to discharge on the fringe of the
industrial area.
Nothing but wide
consequent utilisation
advantage cduld have
her present position.
appreciation and
of this business
given Manchester
Water Makes Rates
In England,
as in
America, freight
the result of the
rates have often been
struggle between water
and land trans-
portation charges. ,
Where Liverpool ends the Port of
Manchester begins.
The Docks of the Manchester Ship
Canal are situated in the core of the most
densely-populated district of England.
Manchester is essentially the center of
the inland canal system of the North and
Midlands and the North and Midlands
are industrial England.
The Port of Manchester is the natural
source of supply for at lea t 177 important
inland points.
Vicvy of Manchester Ship
The district in which these towns,
nearer to Manchester than any other open
steamship port, are situate, comprises an
area of 10,000 square miles.
As the whole world knows, the largest
and most important cotton-spinning and
weaving district in the world is imme
diately contiguous to the Manchester
Docks.
How Manchester Lowered Rates
Let us take two striking examples of
how Manchester lowered rates '
So early in the game as during the first
attempt to obtain Parliamentary sanction
jor construction of the Canal, the Mersey
Docks and Harbour Board, till then deaf
to all requests for a reduction in the cost
of EcttinE raw cotton ten the mill and the
manufactured article to the export
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The All-Water
HOW
. . I ..
steamers, suuuciuy
reduced the Liver
pool dock and town
dues from 84 cents
to 72 cents a ton on
imported raw cotton.
Even so, Man
chester so steadily
drew cotton from
Liverpool, that with
in two cars of open
ing the Canal, the
Liverpool dock and
town dues were further reduced from this
72 cents per ton to 48 per ton.
Liverpool rates took the same course
when Manchester began to import grain.
The dock dues on wheat and corn were at
once reduced from 32 to 24 cents per ton
at Liverpool, and by 12 cents per ton
at Birkenhead.
The all-water route the Ship Canal
could offer of course at once affected the
railways. The railway rate for cotton
from Liverpool to Manchester dropped
from $2. IS to $1.74 per ton, with a
corresponding lcduction to neighboring
towns.
At the same time the lailroad rate for
export piece goods and yarns from
Manchester to Liverpool diopped from
$2.43 to $1.94 per ton.
Of course, during the war period, the
rates and charges at all British ports were
necessarily increased, but, as much as
ever, the water in the Ship Canal still
enables Manchester to keep her advantage.
Within 50 miles of Manchester City
lives an industrial population of nine
million souls a population roughly equal
to that of Greater New York and Chicago.
Of this population nearly a quarter can
be reached from the Port of Manchester
entirely by the network of canals operated
in connection with the Manchester Ship
Canal.
Connecting Rail and Waterways
The Manchester Ship Canal Company
maintains the services of a terminal
company at the Manchester Docks, itself
receiving and delivering the traffic in
freight cars from and to the different
railroads at their junctions.
In this way it connects directly with all
the railroads of the country.
Where Liverpool Ends
Go one day to Eastham Lock, 19
miles from the Bar at the mouth of the
Mersey, where the Canal begins. There,
if you are fortunate, you may see the
steamer "Manchester Citizen," one of the
fleet owned by the Manchester Liners,
Ltd., majestically gliding by the lock gates
which are the front door of the Ship Canal.
The "Manchester Citizen," and her
sister ships arc but some of the ocean-going
steamers which regularly load and unload
cargo at Manchester from United States
and Canadian Ports.
In normal times regular lines of steamers
sail between Manchester Docks and North
Canal, near Irlam Viaduct
America, the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil,
Australia, Bombay, the Persian Gulf,
Alexandria, the Syrian Coast, and in fact
all parts of Europe and most parts of the
world.
The Unknown Word
Already the length, of quays, excluding
the smaller docks, at which large ocean
vessels can berth, load and unload, is
23,950 feet, of which 21,000 are at the
Manchester Dockt.
"None of this was here thirty years
ago" an observer will say to himself, who
has traveled up the 35 miles of canal.
"What will the next thirty years bring
forth?"
And then.'trying to visualise the future,
he thinks of the other great ports of the
world and of their congestion.
Route to
AN INLAND CITY
MANCHESTER'S MESSAGE
At this moment when peace is restored and the oceans arc again safe for i
'tester Ship Canal semis this message to the American business world. 1'rin
h individual American Shipper how he can benefit himself bji using the Port
IrianCilCSlCr kjllll LU""- itn" ...om., .v nit; sirit;f (cure uiiniHton tfi ........-- .,, . ,...v vw...
o coct individual American Shipper how he can benefit himself bg using the Port of Manchester. But we
hope to help Americans to realize how closely akin to them arc the North of England, and, in the North,
Manchester in particular. To our brothers across the seas we would sag, "Give answer to Manchester
Manchester is calling to you"
fff.... r....,tl unitrlo tlllv llinocnnn In 41. n ,
Hut the plan and execution of the Ship
Canal were such that land is yet available
for such additional railways as may be re
quired, a large choice of warehouse and
factory sites fronting on deepvvater may
be ct obtained.
For the lifetime of this generation, an
even faster growth than the Manchester
Ship Canal dare anticipate will jet keep
the word congestion foreign to its vocabu
lary The Magic of the Ship Canal
The story begins in the middle nf the
19th century. At that time Manchester
was prosperous in fact, to her most of
the modern industries of the world owe
their origin, and she was reaping the
reward of her creative and inventive
genius but Manchester was not a port.
The rapid development of overseas
commerce brought her only decay and
stagnation. Her trade was rapidlv and
steadily slipping away to other centers.
The significant fact was that these
places were seaports, Manchester was
mcrelv an important inland city.
She had no waterway to the sea raw
mateiials, unloaded at Liverpool, had to be
telouded for rail transit to Manchester
Steamer from Boston, Mass, discharging cotton in No. 9 Dock, "Manchester
and then again reloaded for distribution
throughout the country.
By hard experience Manchester then
learned and she has never forgotten, that
every handling of a bale of cotton or a
case of goods costs money.
In 1882 some prominent citizens met at
the house of Mr. Daniel Adamson. Little
did the people of the city imagine that
from this small gathering would spring an
enterprise which would completely alter
their whole history and turn a rapidly
decaying district into one of the most
prosperous areas of the British Isles.
This was the magic destined to be
wrought by the Manchester Ship Canal.
The Inland City Becomes a Seaport
At the meeting it was explained that
the cost of inland carriage and expenses
of what should have been unneccessary and
avoidable handling was surely and steadily
choking Manchester trade.
"There is," exclaimed Mr. Adamson,
"a remedy, and one remedy only a water
way, which will give practically unlimited
docking and warehousing facilities to the
shippers of the world."
Having settled upon the remedy, they
immediately set to work to put into opera
tion the scheme decided upon thit of' a
great Ship Canal, destined to rank in im
portance, if not in magnitude, with those
of Suei and Panama.
It must not be imagined, however, that
the scheme, sound and practical as it was,
was permitted to go through without strong
opposition. Some people even regarded
the idea as preposterous.
Its promoters applied to Parliament for
power to proceed with its construction in
1883, but, after a long and costly contest
of opinion, the Bill was lost.
ooaoaaooaociooi
Write for booklet, which gives the history of this vast undertaking, to
THE MANCHESTER SHIP CANAL
68 Broad Street, New York
Information regarding transportation to and from Great Britain,
available markets, etc., gladly given.
8
OOOOCMCKWCXlCtt-roC9J
the Heart
BECAME AN OCEAN PORT
sea-borne
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They made a similar appeal in the
following rar. They met with another
rejection. The two contests had cost up
wards of $S00,000.
Still undaunted for they were British,
and, above all, Lancastrians the pro
moters made a third appeal. This time
their efforts were successful. An act in
1885 authorised the construction of the
Manchester Ship Canal, and the work was
finally completed in 1894.
Manchester is now a port the thir'd
greatest port in the Biitish Isles in the
value of its sea borne imports and exports.
The Cargoes' Reception
It is the little focs that steal the grapes
the liftings here and carriage there that
cat into moncv.
Since its inception the Directors of the
Manchester Ship Canal have maintained
so strenuous a pohev of providing the
hundred and one mechanical contrivances
that make for handling economy, the latest
and most ample facilities of warehousing,
docking, iailvv.iv construction, that today
no other British Port can save the shipper
so many of the, small charges that, added
together, amount to so unpleasant a figure.
The policy has ever been to increase
dock accommodation and dock con
veniences and necessities in anticipation
of increase of traffic.
No mere catalog would convey the spirit
of progrcssivcness and accomplishment
on which the Manchester Ship Canal
prides itself,
There arc 120 acres of water space.
There arc 6' j miles of dock quas. The
docks arc lined with transit sheds, many
being of ferro-concrete construction of
which 13 are single floor 6 triple floor,
1 double floor, 5 four floor, and 12 with
five floor accommodation.
The special installations for grain, cold-
storage, iron-ore and goods requiring' such
specialised reception, originally provided
a few years ago, are continuously added to
and brought up to date.
Specialising in Grain
Let us consider in detail the facilities
for the handling of say, grain, one of
America's principal exports.
No other port has such ample means as
Manchester for every stage of the handling
of grain. Over half-a-million tons are
received at the docks annually 6nc
result of Manchester methods.
The recent completion, during the war
period, of the second grain elevator, gives
Manchester a total grain storage, capacity
of 3,000,000 bushels (80,000 tons) shared
equally bv the two elevators.
. As an instance of the handling capacity,
at the newly-finished Grain Elevator, No.
2, at No. 9 Dock (341 separate bins),
grain can be discharged from vessels
from siv berths at one time.
The cooling bins can cool 700 tons of
grain at one operation.
At No. 2 Elevator, steamers arriving
with miscellaneous cargoes and large
ffijl
(gvAj!
of England
consignments of
grain from North
American ports, can
be berthed along
side the transit
sheds, and whilst
discharging general
cargo into the transit
sheds, grain can be
delivered over-side
by means of port
able elevators on to
commerce the
llMKn riMY
- n
bands running in a
subway along the quayside to the elevator.
What Manchester Means to Cotton
To the whole world the word
"Manchester" is almost synonymous with
Cotton.
Between a half and three quarters of a
million bales of cotton from American
How the German dream has materialized.
ports alone are landed annually at
Manchester, or nearly 209'e of the total
cotton coming to the British Isles from the
United States.
Such a volume of trade is only natural,
as direct importation of cotton to
Manchester saves from 72 cents to $1.45 a
ton, as compared with shipments to
Liverpool forwarded to the same
destination.
The amount of cotton arriving at .
Manchester must increase just as quickly
as the American shippers learn of this
advantage of shipping to Manchester.
Quay and shed space are specially
adapted for dischaiging, sorting and
storing raw cotton.
In addition to the Canal Company's
warehouses at Trafford Park, there is a
special re-enforced concrete warehouse
divided into sections or "safes" available
for the storage of cotton. Vast overhead
electric traveling cranes provide for
weighing and sampling.
Handling is reduced to a minimum
because the same crane serves the "safes,"
the operating platforms under cover, as
well as. motor vehicles, carts and railroad
freight-cars outside.
Cold Storage
There is abundant ami excellent accom
modation. The enormous consumption of frozen
and chilled meat in Manchester and the
surrounding district is constantly in
creasing. The Union Cold Storage Company,
Limited, -Jnaintains a large refrigerator
store, capable of holding 17,5,000 carcases
The Entrance to the Manchester Ship Canal at Eastham, 35 miles from Manchester.
There arc three sets of locks, the largest is 600 feet long, 80 feet wide
of sheep on the banks of the canal, with a
wharf at which large steamers can dis
charge right into the cold air chambers.
The same Company has other "cold air
stores, with an 80,000 carcase capacity, in
the city.
The Manchester Corporation also has
cold air stores in the city with a capacity
for 120,000 carcases, and cold storage at
the Smithfield Fruit, Fish and Poultry
Markets.
At No. 9 Dock of the Manchester Ship
Canal there is a refrigerated transit
chamber (cubic capacity, 309,200 feet) for
sorting frozen and perishable produce in
the same temperature as the insulated
chambers of the discharging steamers.
tARMS OF THeT1
I MANCHESTER f 1
I SHIP GWAL gfjlg
Timber
From 400,000 to 500(000 loads of timber
were dealt with every year prior to the
War. Savings of from 84 cents to $1.32
per ton are affected by forwarding
timber from the docks, as against the
Liverpool Docks, to most of the sur
rounding towns.
Oil
A large volume of oil comes in bulk.
This is stored chiefly in the huge oil tank
age installation on the banks of the Canal,
over half a mile away from the docks.
In all there are 59 tanks, with a total
capacity of 37,594,106 gallons, or 138,296
tons.
The oil is conveyed to each of the
"respective depots through pipes direct from
the vessel to the tanks.
U-lll in captivity in the Manchester Ship Canal
Manchester ranks as second port in the
United Kingdom for the importation of oil.
Fruit
Large supplies of green fruit arrive in
normal times from North America by the
regular lines of steamers. American and
Canadian shippers realise the advantages
of shipping apples to Manchester because
of the very satisfactory prices obtained
there as compared with other markets and
because of Manchester's superior facilities
for dealing with perishable produce.
Available Outward Traffic
The Lancashire Coalfields, the Cheshire
Salt Works, the Staffordshire Potteries,
and the immense and varied kinds of
manufacturing concerns clustered around
the docks and far-reaching surrounding
districts afford vessels a ready means for
securing outward shipments.
Cottons, woolens, yarns, locomotives,
machinery, implements, tools, metals, hard
ware, earthenware, paper, coal, and all
kinds of traffic are shipped at the docks of
the Canal, at a less cost of transit from
most of the works in Lancashire, Yorkshire
and adjoining centers than to other ports
in the Kingdom.
The outward trade from Manchester has
been developing steadily and persistently
during the last few years. The more ex
perience merchants and shippers gain ot
the Port, the more satisfied they become,
and the more extensively do they use it.
Envoi i.
Americans coining to England, whether
on business or pleasure, should visit
Manchester and the Ship Canal. We
have only summarised the story. If we
have kept rather close to facts, to what we
have done in commerce, it is largely
because we believe that, Americans, like
ourselves in the North, take pride and
interest in accomplishment.
The bonds of friendship uniting our
two nations, drawn tighter in this war,
must in years to come be even more
securely fastened. ' , j
The community of interests due to the
free interchange of commerce which we
wish to cultivate, will, we believe, be one
of the greatest guarantees of the continued
friendship between our two nations, and so
of the permanent Peace of the world. Adv.
.
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