Evening public ledger. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, July 20, 1918, Night Extra, Image 13

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SOCK TRADERS ASSUME MORE
CAUTIOUS ATTITUDE, BUI WAK
REPORTS RESULT IN OPTIMISM
pGeorge'H. Earle, Jr., Defends Position Taken by State
Bank Convention, Over Which He Held Sway.
Gossip of the Street
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fPHERE was more caution during esterda' qtock trading than on
"Thursday, but there was no war news which would occasion any
Change in sentiment. Indeed, each hour brought more cheering news than
the previous one, and there iin more pronounced feeling of optimism
pervading the financial district than on an dav for a long time.
Brokers do not look for any change in the market conditions. Of course,
they Acknowledge that sudden changes In sentiment are to he expected
In a war market and higher prices are expected for the active list. There
was a time before the closing vesterday when some brokers thought
we were entering a "victory" market, but the more cautious said It was
Always better to be prepared for a setback.
tf There were a number of lmpoitant news. Items jesterdav which had
more or less effect nn some stocks and other securities Outside the
regular war news there was the agreement of the United States Oo em
inent to loan $60,000,000 to China, with Oreat Britain, France and .Inpan
participating. There was the report that the operating income of ISO
of the largest rallioad lines In the United States In May showed a net
decrease of $14,600,000 from Mar. 1917, etc.
Earle Defines. Field of Slate'Batik Activity
There Is still a good deal of discussion going on In flnnnclil circles
In this city, over the proceedings of the convention held early this week
to St. Louis, Mo , by the United States Council of State Banking Associa
tions, and which was presided oer by George H. Earle, Jr., president of
the Real Estate Trust Company.
It had been said In some quarters that the organization of this asso
ciation was. with a view of disrupting the American Bankers' Association
and that its alms were not favorable to the movement having in lew
the bringing of the State banks and trust companies Into the I'ederal
lUserve 'system. Before making a statement on the subject,
Mr. Earle explained that the State banks were called Into existence to
meet local conditions and to cater to these conditions. For example, he
aid, in certain locations they specialize their banking facilities to meet
coal mining or oil or natural gas production, etc. leaving the broader
neld to be covered by the national banking institutions, and that it was
therefore impossible for one conglomerate body composed of both State
and national bank representatives to speak for both.
His statement follows:
"There is a great deal of nonsense being given out as to the national
CC-uncll of State banking Institutions. The situation Is exceedingly simple
These Slate Institutions, being chartered In each State to meet the con
dition and needs of such States Individually, have naturally ver satis
factorily met local wants, Just as the national banks have splendidly
met the broad national situation If I am correctly informed, the State
bodies have, because of their local applicability, become far the larger
body. The two, however, following our American system, have amplv
met the whole situation and in the most friendly and helpful spirit.
"A large part of the funds of the national banks being deposits from
State banks, any one, therefore, who suggests antagonisms is a friend to
neither. As to the Federal Reserve svstem, every one with nn sense
knows what splendid, even imperative, work it is doing. All that is neces
tary is to read the resolutions of the convention to get clear light on this
subject. The State banks, however, being the larger body, felt that as
there might be matters to discuss and adjust Involving conflicting Inter
ests it would be better In such Instances to have a council of their own
to advise and negotiate on such matters.
"I have heard of none that Intends at all to withdraw from the
i American Bankers' Association, as It has its value In the general bioad
field Take as an Instance the question of joining the Federal Reserve
system No one was authorized to speak for the State banks, to advise
them even, and consequently the great majority have just drifted Per
sonally I feel that the representatives of all Interests can canvass this
matter and properly look into the difficulties with a perfectly sound and
satisfactory result. Of course, In the Interim no harm Is being done, as
the State banks and trust companies are doing their full and patriotic
hare and at least as unselfishly as any system In the countrj.
"If people would only take the trouble to read the resolutions ex
pressing the convention's purposes and principles, they would find how
foolish it is to engage in guessing at what is so easily ascertainable.
Speaking for myself, I think an applicaton of American principles of
democracy IS all that is necessary; free discussion and the fullest co
operation after it."
Expect Several Early Issues of, Short-Term Notes
Investment houses report fairly good business In short term notes
A well known banker said yesterday he looks for a number of Issues of
short-term notes In the near future by firms which are executing large
Government contracts, who will And It necessary to raise money to en
large their plants, purchase additional apparatus and finance their war
orders. The large meat-packing concerns were referred to by him as
some of those needing financial assistance, and as proof of his statement
he referred to the great quantities of meat and meat products that have
been shipped to Europe by the United States during the last ear.
BUSINESS CAREER
OF PETER FLINT
A Story of Salesmanship by
Harold Whitehead
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Henry L Dohertv & Co 'a report on the Cities Service Companv for
June, 1918, and for the six months and twelve months ended June 30,
1918, shows large increases over the corresponding periods of the pie
cedtrlfc year. For the twelve months ended June 30, 1918, requirements
for payment of the preferred dividends were earned 6 18 times, compared
to 4 91 limes for the preceding twelve months, and after pavment of pre
ferred dividends there was eamed for the twelve months ended June 30,
.1918, $61.62 a share on the common stock, compared to $54 61 a sh.ne for
,,tfie twelve montha ended June 30, 1917, For the six months ended June 30,
1118, requirements for payment of the prefeired dividends were earned
B.5T times, and the balance after pa'vment of preferred dividends applicable
to surplus, reserves and dividends on the common stock was equivalent
to $34 40 for the. six months' period. These figures were after adequate
reserves had been made from profits of subsidiary companies for pavment
Of all Federal Income, and excess-profit taxes as well as all other charges.
T7J.eJ... ! Mimh creasing chance of success In a lee
V f4lVry tt I'M Ctcl m ture last Januarv soma .of thorn were
Ofci,,o Rvitiah Sinivit told th're wa nothing to fear from the
oFWWb DTllloll Byiril Americans until Jul. but that after
that date they would" have tp be
reckoned with serinliaK thmio-h riiffl.
Ctatinnrd from Vutt One ' initio nt imn.nnri in i, .,.,. kin,i..
l seventy after crawling out Into the tall i them. Kven now they.do not have any
fi grass working quite close to the enemy "i ' mn numuer oi .nmrncnn nenung
il? " . . " . . ,. ,i- men already In France, but Judelng from
outposts and then Jumping them under prlsoncrI(i ,ere , a sensB Jof ,ark for.
rf cover oi a parragc uw n ...,. DoainK jmrouKnoui ine Herman army,
h operations were quick and successful, and this will not he lifted by any news
V but led to heavy artillery retaliation '" m" '"f, ' lnB -rown
KJ Bre and there later in the morning . But they wl) g0 on fighting On our
, German. Are nUlllasloned nam l" De "2 L'.1, ,102 ', lm
$ .v. ...n i,i. m They will go on flghtlng doggedly and
is One cannot help feeling a kind of pltl-J df.p.rateij, because they see no way out
K ful admiration for the German troops ' 0f n.
Mr. Vlillthrad Kill muuer ionr ftiMlntat
4urilfoM on builuc, flllno. ndicrtWitB nun
en ploymrnr. AttK vour aticM(on citarlu nna
olic nil fir incla. lour mrrrcl nnnir mitt
lull nMrriti mutt or ilenrrt lo nil (nquirfr.
Thoie k hlrh arr ntiontmouff must M igiiorrtt.
Anivm to trrhuicnl attrition v.tll be AMI
hu mnl. Older nurnflorn Kill be mnurrrd
In tlil column. Tlif mol liilrrrnfittil vrotr
Irmn ol liionlrrr ulll lit uotcn Inlo tli
slam at 1'flrr flint.
CX1,V
WHEN we got out nt Springfield sta
tion S-uurday. Francis Oraham
said tn me, "Now I shall he buy for
about two hours What are vou going to
do with vourscin'
Oh, I think I'll drop Into a movls for
a couple of hours "
' Whal for? '
Oh, Just to kill time!"
Me caught me by the elbow and said,
' What has poor Father Time done to
jour
"none to me? What du vou mean7
'Win, the rlcar old gentleman has
neer clone vou any harm hss he? He's
done ou nothing but good, for every
hour of the dnj ho gives jnu an oppor
tunlt to pr gress In some wnv or other "
I lan t we an opportimltv here Jusl
for a couple of hours " 1 replied
'I suppose jou have heard the time
worn saving, There Is a tide In the af
fnlrs of men which. If taken at the flood,
carries us on to fuclcs ' 1 don't know If
1 have the nuils Just right, but that Is
the gist of It.
' The man w ho w rote that uncontlously
flam-flammed the world There Is no one
minute when a nnii has to seize his op
portunity and Immediately achieve a big
success Time Is more klndlv than that
nvery hour of the diy time sends op
portunltj knocking on jour door,
'The trouble Is that we full to see op
portunity In little things and Instead of
benefiting by Father Time's klndlv of
fices, we go after him with the shotgun
of laziness and kill Time Just as jou
thought of doing a moment ago "
'.Sa, vou talk like a copvbook," 1
said 'Well, w hat would vou reckon I
could do here for a couple of hours get
a Job selling or something?"
'The worst of vou voung fellows,"
grinned Oraham, 'Is that ou are m all
fired sure of j ourselves that jou think It
smart to Ignore good advice If It happens
to be old
"If J were In jour position as sales
man and wanted to use two hours to, ad
vantage I would go Into department
stores nnd observe methods rf selling t
would drop Into the smaller speclaltj
stores and buj some little odd trifle Just
to see how the snlesman handles him
self and while In that store I should try
to watch how other silesmcli wait pn
their cutcmers "
Gee, ' I exclaimed "I never thought
of that' It listens lll.e more fun than
the movies Me for It' What time will
sou be back 7 '
"There Is a train for Farmdalo at
1 18"
' How did vou know " '
'I looked It up Suppce I meet vou
here nt 12:10 Then we can have a light
luncheon before the train starts "
Funny thing, vnu know ; I never
thought of that way of using spare time
nd jet, when jou come tn think of It,
Its piettj good advice Isn't If
As I was short of collars, I decided to
buv two at a time, see three different
stores nnd find out their different meth
ods of selling TiIh Is what happened:,
vvnen i went lino inn nrsi store I said
I wanted two collars, and the salesman
said. 'Mze?'
' Fourteen and a half," I replied
Stjle?'
"I don't know ; something like the one
I've got on "
The man walked a jard or two dowt
the store and heckoned with his finger
I trotted meeklv after him He stopped
In front of a glass case and pointed with
his finger to about fifydlfferent stvles
and snld, 'Something like this?'
Well, Is that lite the one I've got
on?"
You ought to know the kind of collar
jou are wearing better than I "
Well, let me look at It "
"I am showing It to Ji," he replied
without stirring ,
1 mean 1 want to see one out of the
case,
Without a word he walked further
away still, and again beckoned to me
Well, once again I 'got hei on too low"
and ambled to where he was then stand
ing He took one collar out of the box
and placed It on the counter without a
word
"That's about like what I've got. on,
Isn't It"
"Yov "
"Well, give me two "
Without answ'erlng he w rapped the two
up and passed them over and said.
' Thirty rtnts "
'I thojight they w,ere two for twenty
flvo cents "
His onlv repjy was, ' Thlrtj cents "
I gave him a half dollar He slipped
it into the cash carrier and then walked
up to another clerk and hepan to talk
with him. The change came back i-ooner
than he did, but he walked slowlj hark
still talking to the fellow clerk He
took the change out of the carrier,
planked It down on the counter and left
me.
I don't know as I would have noticed
all these things If Francis hadnt put me
up to them Aa I left the store I thought.
"Well, that's some bright, salesman nit!
That guy seems to think his head Is just
something to wear a hat on Somebody
ought to tell him that he's dead from the
neck up "
When I compared that sale to the
other two 1 don't wondef the store looked
on the blink.
U. S, Drives Wedge
Into Foe8 Lines
Centlnneit from Tare One
no taso have the Amei leans lagged
behind, The only dlrtlculttes hnvo
come through their not stopping upon
leaching their objectives.
There was a busv scene vesterday
back of the batttellne 1 started out
to a eel tain place tn flml one )f our
hendquiirtcis. When I got theie I
found a lone doughbtij, who snld that
hendqunrters had moved nhe.id I
went there, and thej had been moved
ngnln. l'lmllj I found lie idquni teis
nt a place which hefnie the nttnek
stuitod had been In Herman hnnds.
As has been told, the attack started
without artlllerj preparation As the
bovs started the Trillion lild down
n barrage of short duiiittnn nnd then
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BOOKS ABOUT PROBLEMS OF WAR ANBPEl
EZRA POUND,
PROSE WRITER
His Essays and Sketches Arc
Far Superior to His
Verse
SOME AMERICAN
SOCIAL PROBLEMS
Discussed by Professors Burch
and Patterson, of the West
Philadelphia High School
Ezra found, as a writer of proe, Is
The old-time sociologist, who under-
tnnb tn nrlima Viiiman evlstenee to a
more lnteicstlng than V.rra Pound as nril lnccx M!ttcm lp huppllv todav as
a writer if vcre This Is true In plte extinct as the elaborate literature he
nf the fact that In his proc he exhibits Produced Is ueles The modern view
,., . , ., . .. I point Is essentlallv rationalistic : the
the s.me sex oheslon thai mils his n,nnrn oelologtsl recognlres franklv
rre 1 here Is something In life heltlcs mnl tlieerfullx at the outet that his
sex and (he conventions which the world "inclusions urn never approach flnnlltv
lifted It to the limit of the mime. Out Ins agreed tn observe In lecaitl to It ,h-U ,nrre mU!,t Bl"H" bp ""'P''' "'0
men reached that limit and ve hid to '"rct" ln 'crve m ieKam to " ror thp ,lndi.(oUed residuum" In huniBn
stop firing until the hoises tm.lri l.e,nrc J''metl bv expel lence We all niture which keeps the studj of etclal
hitched to the guns, which ueie en- know that there are courtesans and that phenomena cternallv fresh and Interest-
thc.e Is , literature either glorlfvlng lc '" neeaii.e rroressors iiurrn ann
lied further to the fiont
The Amei lean ntt.ick
schedule
Patterson of the department nf hlstorv
wnrkeH like this n liimHrn.l . j.. i.. I 1Mn,n nr JU'tirMllg them nntl frowning I and i nmmeree nf the West I'hllnrt.lnMa
three minutes, n rest of five minutes , I,1,,.., condemnation of Illicit love tllsh School for IIojs approach their
another bundled vaids and n rest of ' , ""- ", '' '"", "Brf,''1 tl ,hp '"en elemenlnrj sludv cf American social
forty minutes Beciuse the boche was I ,i.tom e ,0 ,,nt ,ltcraiurc nrP i problems from this angle that the hook
completely sutpilsed nnd the going was ' "ot "H Krerttpst mtn of letters ( ,os.e,P, exceptional value as a textbook
found to be casv, m mv of our men) Mi Pound however, has Included In aml serves the high educational pur
disregarded the schedule unci went on . his Ictist volume of pi use, Pavanneii Pose or stimulating the student mind tn
further. The wives which were sup and Divisions," something besides se "rKbial Inqulrv and more detailed ob
pnsed to oveiflow one innlliei Mlnllv lirtgulniltlcs Ills dKcusslon nf the S(,rv -vtlr n and consideration nf present
got going nil together, and thN pi cued technique of the new ppctiv Is Inlinselj i'1" "ulnl Phenomena nnd Its slgnlfi
Mi.nrhlSl (bib l"" J,c ,"'"' 1 Interesting to the few who care ihout '""
laT?l 'rSh? such things It is written in terse vu,-. The method adopted throughout Is
The most formidable Ocrtn,
aimed at our tioops neu
i, I nun t. ... ...!.. t . .... ....... . .
tn, nttnelr mriiltiai tl,n v,. i ,. "i'mii i.hkiish wnci u is i tieiigiu t ' . "imi.iiiarj anti Historical hv estnn-
tei attnek against the Amei Ions was rpni , f h f. , ., ii.hlne .le.iMc the nneient riiM .,.i
t-OISSOtS, , fn.,1 ,.,l. ,, .n,n.nn, ,,..1 (.. ,.. ,...... mtlRn nf nrA.Anf.tln, .nnlnl ...b.ah.b hh.
,,""" "i.ii i. iiii,iiiiii riniiu ,i nit imcii ' ,'' -'i. -... -.in in, i iiiutin iiu
hilt IMS! na It atnttnrT nt .m.
Americans stalled n fresh .He r, . ! of old-rashloned pcetrj For Insinnci l'"""ltlnns the authors are able to trace
liTl Lottl. vvhich smTsl e the rv l""CM '" """ 'A" "litter of d.tall .tendencies and currents that would nth
man counter-attack ?and ncitVi ," !'"s " tr "1,rc "llh "' '"- :,:'r '",7" ,!;ul.1"',' in "
gain of throe kilometers and sevei il ,K ,,",rK,(l ,s a ,Ir"ml" ll ' " lnr ,'"- r .1', "'" .""i" ,',P, """u ,h.at. ,h"
hundred prlsnneis In this nttnek the ,"",,,e ,,n '"inee Figure), and on the """"P" "f this nontechnical textbook Is as
tm,tr.,..u t nrt. t.. .u other hnml I thlnlf i i,n. cm,,,. nu far oinpielienslve as It Is free from nreenn.
the same rlis .is that on which he ex- , zat ' '1 ""' .' 'Z "'"ah"" "'"'""
presses his . pinion Of course It Is use- , e 100 c?r rthe, .f .. ' "
less to point out to him that the func , 3eed the ,.r S,?!111',""'
Hon of criticism , Independent of the,rV the current nn?nl1 L.Pn7'tUr ",
function of creation and that Its exer- Zres, The ZA, nrrJrT ?' lM.
Use I, essential ,0 the discover hj the , lime ."caMprl'lcal'soclarse nlcThai
..e.he .ir.lst whe.ht, he has d,n,e melved ex.raordlnar ' hope us by man"
anj thing worth while hevond gratifjlng of ihe nuinr,,nu,u i.'..i i. " "7
- ,"-........ .., ini i n u. Kill-
himself We ia It Is useless because
evciv writer who his been concleinnert
bj the ciltlts his had lo take his fling
it those who think his achievements
are not so grc-it as he thinks them to
he
Hut after all, it must he admitted
tint Jlr Pound s i man of Ideas, of
wide knowledge of llterntuie and of
sound tatc In his appreciations of st me
of the distinguish! d w liters of the p 1st
anil of tho present There will be no
dis igrcciucnt with his opinion that
D.mte Is immensurablj superior to
Milton, for example Hesldes essnjs
and poems and sketclu s, the volume con
tains a grrup of translations of l'onta
nelle s dialogues
I'VVASNPs HIV IMIS H Kirn
Pound Nen Vnrk Alfred A Knnnf IJ VO
ml tirt n n.1.1
h "v, 1,,,, iii-iu suns - "" ."" " " ,i,i., ..,..., . ., "..
.,..,, , , -'s enn proiitnblj be gone In the other -"" i.-jiiice. iinn nun me aumors
Tanks nn nrem ork direction (and perhaps ton far) ' It w areftil nlw.avs to stress the scclal
A fleet of tanks did veoninn work lought to Interest his admirers tn dls- ''filflcame of the conditions the survej
smashing (heir way through the Oennin UeverthUR 1h.1t Mr Pnmwi lu -nnt,. bin,, while recognizing the close relatlonshln
defenses ln several Insdmces Hie mer- I "elf." :is the bos In the street s1s 1",,een the three
leans got ahead of the tanks nnd cut . Yet he has an amiable conceit which Is vinerlian social problems nie unique
ine wire w tin piiers enteitalnlng lie exhibits It when he """- ""'" 01 cne worm, wnne oirer-
Ihe front on whin, our links were h'"" '" "" cour-o of a criticism of nn- , ')'"", ,"nH'lK'' ,n nldrl; - "tlons.
n.1-,1 nn t h onlv nr.t .. h.,. .u. .. tither rit.r .h,. .. .. -i t.i . i immigration the race problem nnd mod-
mans were found to be the least bit W I ,CIP' criticism who has not produced a ' .r", ,'",' iISP"!!"1!' '"f ronrtltute blghlj
peeing our attack Thev ,, 1PlnI . native woik of the flt.t magnitude of 'iV'!" L"fd,rirr1ri"".s.t!,at r?n"ot J' . "'
the tanks coming and hid got readv
However, the leslstnnce was overcome
In twentv minutes or flRhtliiK
Manv of our troops rushed fioni dis
tant points to take part In the attack
I know of one unit which tent to the tie
training point, twelve kilometers from
the fight, where It wns to be met bv
trucks The trucks werent theie and
so the bovs said 'We will wnlk," and
they, did, Into the battle
The icrtlllerv ngitnst the Fiench uitl
Americans was veiv llRht beciuse of
so manv Oerman kuiis being raptured or
forced hurrledlv back nei.ause of tbn
absence of artlllcrv fire, an extrnordl
narllv large proportion or our casualties
were onlv sllghtlv wounded Hack of
the lines for cverj stretcher ca"e I saw
there seemed to be twentj' sllgrtlj
wounded
In one truck filled with such vnung
sters wns a dignified chaplilrf comfort
ing them When he siw a carload or
correspondents, he landed from the
truck and shouted:
"The bojs are KhliiK Heinle hell up
aheid Beaucoup hell"
There was a wonderful sight In manj
big woods' hack of the Allied line The
Flinch and Americans vern making
camp In tie shade of mighty tries
standing In the straight rows of an arti
ficial foiest It looked like a big picnic
far removed from the trench warfnin of
which the armies have seen so much in
France In the last four jenrs lleic they
were camped out In the open, rcadj to
pack up nnd move backward this morn
ing. If the call came
It was certalnlj 11101 e comfortable lor
the Americans than being cooped up ln
the dirty little billets wheie tl.cv have
been living for the last few monins
This 1b regular wui," was the wa
one of our lads put It
I think that the happiest Americans
The Wartime Diet
Sound scientific! stlRgestions foi war
time diet are offered hv Orihnm I.usk
In ' Food In Wartime " The booklet con
tains fewer than flftj piges rnd Is ln
nn sense a cookbook or list nt menus
Hut within its brief space the authni
does Jnan ine In dell loinprolienshelv
and iflumlnntlnglv with the propel bal
ance of food values required bv the hu-
111 in svstem, and he tells how proteins
nijv hn uduc-ed, and less expensive sub
stltutcs emplojed without harmful ic
suits either In health or working ef
ficient v He outlines the bash chenileil
, ,,.. ,1.... .11 ,. . , , . M-.
seen ln a lonR time were a half hundred " " ' ''"-". "'"""" '"""""
j( icat til l I II- inniiii mMxe 111 ltiwu..
who were stretching barbed wire on
trees, making a big cniral Inside it
were 2800 Oerman prisoners Tluj ro
all ours, too," explained a coiporal, who
was hammering stakes, spcaklnc with
the same sort of pride with which Jie
would have described a nig string or
fish
Kvldenco Is abundant Hint lienernl
Foch s little surprise party plnjed havoc
nvillible foodstuffs, fireater use of
milk, vegetable oils and corn bread mav
eisllv tike the place of meat, butter
and wheat, when Intelligently combined
with the proper vegetables, declares the
author, and he outlines the Reneral
pilnclples Involved 1 ht little book Is
ptactlc il and simple nnd has the virtue
of brcvltv
with the l?rnun Primes drive fnr Knor- POOP IN VVAHTIMP lie (lrfl ham I uk
. ' , -. - ---.- Ph arte phla VV II
nut nnrl fh1 AHB TVln a tAi r 4 fAnfa 1 L .. . '
CONTROL OF WIRES DELAYED
X? wno are ordered torwara 10 mane an- j
I J aaults and whin once they are launcneu .
rW" light with stanch courage, for they are
f disillusioned men and no longer believe WUwn Watg on Imetigation of
n-?j in mn nrv Hnn cuniDieie I ii.iui j . o.iu - v . g a
mt--ir - - - MxAiflra iiunAvaH.n
I-V thV go as men doomed by Iron discipline ......
&,... . . . I IV hlnrton. July 20 (Bv I N. S .
L-r no Dy a rate wnicn is not oi tneir own . . , , . ' , , '
It making to fulfill the order, of thelr President Wilson's order taking over the
P. ;.""" c lelenhnnn nd lelerranh lines nf the
rCfWlh command. information from i ,.,......,...,. . .
i--y reliable . prisoners goes to show that
p'-tnany or tnem are utterly oisnearieneo,
tikiy the events of recent months and low
.spirited because ot their great losses in
J,;"' and behind the lines.
Fi." They have no doubt about the
&V- M..t.l. tUm llrltlaV. atrnraft h
lIUIIi; M . &...... ....j -
AL.. ... J. .k. M.. A
cause iney Bee iocj uiicu cue cttscb w.
if ... i.... . . ,ik. k.t.i.- a
IV4 iw nign( ana aKyiiiui uuiumiuk, ..u
1 never feel safe, one man tens ot ine
11 bombina- of.Osmles which haB killed
hP army horses and men. t In Carvln not
: I15 long ago forty uerman eoiaiers were
killed or wounded, and one bomb mid
a direct hit on a company of Bavarians
It lined up on parade Our long-range
Mfthellinf also does much destruction, and
1 wears th men's nerves to rags ana tat-
'MM. Some prisoners say their faith in
submarine campaign has been
troyfd by the abundance of food they
ln their advance after Marcn :i
"y tbe enormous amount of am-
l.tM awitisn seem 10 nave.
. fteiiu tk one of tsar mat
.act mte-
courttry is being held up, it was learned
today, while the Department of Justice
Investigates the International phase of
the situation It was pointed ouf that
some of the cable companies are either
wholly or partially foreign-owned and
the jurisdiction ot the United States In
these cases will be fully determined be
fore the President acts under the power
conferred upon him under tho Asvvell
resolution.
The Investigation is of such a 'char
acter that It cannot be completed much
'before the end ot next week, it was In
dicated, and possibly may require two
weeks. . .
lundera Comp inj
The Holy Spirit '
remarkable book which we trust
will he lnrpelv lead lend espeelallv bv
teachers of Bible classes Is "The Holj
Spirit," written not bv a minister or
theologian but bv n lav man 1 prominent
member of the New vork bar, William
Ives Wnshhiiin It is the outcome of
his stroiiK Impression of the prevailing
vacue Idea of tho spirits personalltj
office and relation lo the world as the
revealer teacher and Rulde I'lnphaslH
Is laid nt ihe beginning on the neen
nf meditation, to the lack of which at
the present time Is largelv due the Ig
norance In regard to the plrlt Then,
with inulj helpful leferences to the
Scriptures he dwells upon his person,
alltj', Implriltloti and the service which
are the resuil 01 ins incivveiiinK j
TODAY'S HUSI.NKHM KPIOHAM
We are never too old to learn, nor
too voung to begin
(Mrs. J, K T., Cleelaii)
What dor this mean tn lot'?
UKRAINE R. R.'S TIED W
Workers Demand Increased
Wages and Other Changes
By'ffte Attociaied Press
Amsterdam, July 20 Strikes involv
es; alt the Ukrantan railways have been
started, according to a telegram from
Kiev to the Rhelnische Westfaellsche
Zeitunr, of Essen.
THi mA htva rtmantfArf ln....L.j
Business Questions Answered
I have resit jour IVter Flint atorlea with
much Interest And like them ery muih
I would like vou to file me anmti Informa
tion concerning a llttla bualnes enterprise I
am iryinc 10 inuncn
I have ihe formulas for cold cream, eu.
cumber lotion almond lotion rnsanater antl
a few other benmy lol'ona Vou. first of all
what percentage or pront would the whole,
salt, drug company expect and what percent,
a no do retail druca-lata require to push the
goods
Which a the best way to gei results from
advertising, bv attractive window ads or
popular women's magaxinea?
vvno couia jou recommend as n gooa ad
vertising agency?
Where cn I get cold cream Jars, toilet
water bottles powder boxes etc ?
I would also nice 10 ttnuw n mese products
do not have to be approved by the pure food
and drug law.
As I have limited capital and desire to
start a small business, I am taking advan
tage of jour kind offer. W, B. C.
A wholesale drug company expects as
much discount as It can get,. The com
mon discount Is 16.5-5, and In cases such
as youiB yet another 5 per cent, You
may wonder why the wholesaler does not
get 25 per cent discount. The discounts
are divided because discount varies ac
cording to the amount of goods sold and
also a firm can make up a one-priced
catalogue and merely! alter the discounts
by a sheet Issued from time to time.
The wholesaler usually gives the re
tailer 1H per cent for cash the tenth ot
the month following delivery. 'The re
taller requires at least JJ 1-11 per cent on
the selling price (which is. of course, 80
per cent on cost),
With limited capital, you would prob.
-vt hatter to aret ud decorative win.
dow displays, for women's magaslnes are
expensive. ll commuH yivuufo
naj and thalons The shock ttoops
known to have been rushliiR eait of
Dormans Wednesdaj were not heard
from vestedaj and the whole Oeman
effort east of (,'h.ateau-Thlerrj slowed
down Uvents will show what changes
have been made in the enemj s plans,
hut he must realize now that his whole
c'hateau-Thlcrrj , salient Is In peril
A glance at tho map shows whnt mnny
dajs' advances like those of jester
dav will mean to tho whole Oerman
salient dipping toward the Mnrne Per
haps OeneraP-Foch Ins not plajed his
whole hand jet L'erhaps the Allied
drive may have wider effects than the
slowing up of the Oerman drive for
Chalons and Kpernaj. The next two
weeks maj- tell
The Allied drive has put new heart
Into this part of France People who
jesterdaj were packing up their belong
ings preparatory to evacuatlnR towns
south of the Mnrne are today unpacking i lhe ct()li0 (,e directs attention to the
their wagons and moving hack into their fnct tnIU th)s recognition of the exist
houses, only stopping long enouKh to encf nr a Oreat Spirit was prevalent
cheer the passing American soldiers ' tnroUehout the heafen world in the
Somehow or other thej beenr to think i ,, st aKClli rtnd even anions Voith
that things have changed, seem to think '. Indl ins nnd Poljneslans.
thnt now the hrencn people win uo "" t ,,. benlchted Africa there are
i also to be found some tiaces of a prim
liiim lnnklinr upward" Among his nuo.
"HOOKWORM" MAKES SLACKER J'";5 ! ZtZ -Ll
. I 'FIM - -
So Writes Officer From France
to Penn Official
"Hookworm" makes ihe few slack
ers and malingerers there In the Amer
ican army In France, accoullng to a
letter received by an official of the
University of Pennsylvania from the
commanding officer of an American base
hospital .
'The cfflcerB are a fine crowd, and
we have a club, primitive but congenial,
in which we all live Our meals are
composed entire!) of food, and -good
food at that." the letter sajs
'But the bojs! Bless their hearts
It's the greatest privilege I have ever
had to be associated, svlth this crowd
of joungsters There are a few slackers
and malingerers, but very few, and some
of this is due to poor health and feed
ing For instance, we get quite a few
whose phj steal and mental lethargy Is
due to hookworm ' We clean out this,
and almost Immediately a change takes
place
"The rest of them are a fine, unstand-
.- .: . .. I A ..
seir-respecung nuncn, ana mey
more evacuating
Unknown dot!" There Is also an inter.
estlng reference to the conviction of Yi
G Wells In his recent book, ' God, the
Invisible King," In which thouRh he
caricatures the Christian Church he as-
serfs that Ills Ood Is 'living, inspiring
and lovable, who exists or strives to
exist in every human soul"
Till: HOI.Y sPinn . A layman a Concep
tlin H William vea VVsshburn of tho
New -iork liar New York, a P. Tut-
lut : Sons MJ-3
Jailed for Kicking Wife
Vlleeeil to have kicked his wife, frac
turing several or her "Tibs, Clarence
Binder, twentj-elght jears old. 634
North Franklin street was sentenced to
the "louse of Correction for th'rtj days
bv Magistrate Beaton, at the Tenth and
n..i'.nr,,,nrd streetB station Modaj Mrs
Binder was taken to the Hahnemann
Hospital
of arm
eminent that have been adopted In Hu
lope, as well ns hv the vllallv closer re
lationship whlth the Government nf the
Fulled States has In tompnratlvelv re-
ient mqnins assumed toward the citizens
of the nation Individualism, the authors
neneve, is inimical to the ultimate Inter
ests of socletv because of the Inherept
selfishness of human nature
Indeed the book commenda Itself n
slngulailv temperate thouahtful nnd
well-balanced studv of rur social phe
nomena. Its eauses. tendencies and needs
its f-lmplo. nontechnical language makes
It readllj Intelligible to the student un
familiar with the prlnclnles of social sel.
ence. nnd Its freedom from prejudice nnd
wit-iirv Rive n enduring value
Avtniii'AN sort m. rnont.Kvw nv Hrnrv
Mi-pn tiurcn and e Howard Patterson New
lork Th" Vlatmlllan Companv 1120
A Murder Mystery
The scientific sleuth of veter.vear. who
succeeded the wlcard endowed with the
ractiltv of tleduciliR life histories from
cigar ashes nnd footprints, now bids fair
to be superseded bv the devotee of the
simple lire wno solves baffling crimes
ns n relaxation from the rigors of farm
life liven Sherlock Holmes has become
nn Inveterate bee farmer, while the trrlr..
gled old southern colonel who solves "a
gruesome murder mjstery In Chestei K
Steele s "lhc Diamond Cross Mjsterj '
Is so fond of fishing, that onlv the Ir
leslstlhle plei of a pretty girl Intent
upon saving her lover's life Induces him
to tnke up the case
The plot deals with the mvsterlous
drnth of nn old woman In her little
Jevvelrj shop, nnd the disappearance of
a valuable diamond cross The local
sleuths believe the crime to he nn 'In
side Jon" and arrest her nephew, who
lives with her, and who first announced
the crime But the case Is complicated
hj a drunken vouth who claims a
Jeweled knife found In the woman's side
as his own, bj a drunken New York gun
man who will not explain his posses
sion of a diamond cross, and bv other
Inexplleahle circumstances Onlj the
shrewd old detective retains a level head
antl clear vision, placing the guilt on
the real criminal, and Incidentally
uralghtenlng out an unsavorj domestic
tangle
The tale starts on the high gear, and
ine iiucnor Keeps it mere Until all the
excitement Is over and tho mjstery
cleared up It effectively 'keeps the
reader guessing" until lh,e end nnd
that, after all, Is the chief object In
such a storv
rilK DIAMOND I'HOSs V1YSTFHT riy
( heater K Stee e Illuatraten- VI.. si?y
George Sullv Co tt 21
How an Army Is Made
An Invaluable, rompact analjsls of
the modern armv In the field Is now
readv for anv American who wishes
more clearlv to comprehend military
situations and to follow with keener
perception the letters from the front and
the official communiques Rene Mad.
rlguet. general if the Twenty-first DM
slon of the French army (Marne), has
told ln concise terms the essentials for
successful military organisation based
upon the hard experiences of the Allies
during the first three and a half years
of the war Especially clear Is his ex
planatlon. with diagram, of the trench
organisation and the relationship be
tween Infantry, field and heavy artlllerj-.
The translation was made by Henrj P
du Belief, formerly American consul at
Rhelms
TUB VIAKINO ny VIOPPRN ARMV AND
ITS OPERATIONS IV TIIK KIF!,P n"
Oenral Jlene ItarirlKuei New York O
P Putnam a Sons tt in net
WASHINGTON
( WARTIME
Frank Ward O'Mallcy De
scribes It in His Usual Hu
morous Style
Not the least of the wonders wrought
hv the war has been the transformation
of the staid nnd placid national capital
Into n 'boom' town Washington bears
more than one point nf resemblance to
the seething frontier communllv nf for
mer riavs It Is marked bj the same
chaos nntl confusion It exhibits the
same feverish animation It Ins felt the
sanip sharp and sudden Inflation of
prices There is the tame desperate but
in availing effort to accommodate the
enormous Influx of population
This topsv-turvj condition "somewhere
on the Potomac' "has been reported with
full appreciation of Its humorous as-pe-ctr
nn 'The War-Whirl In Washing
ton.' bv Frank Ward O'Malley The
author writes without the slightest nt
tetnpt nt llternrv stvle, and his humor
Is unmatked bv subtletj But he does
nchlcve a picture of Washington In
w ii lime that Is nt once iimuslng, toloi
ful nt il Informative He has a shrewd
eve for contrast, and the fncilltv of
finding the comic element ln his own
nilfniture nnd Inconveniences, and he
chits colloqulallv about Ills varied ex
pel .ences antl Impressions In a manner
that will enable the wartime visitor to
the ell' tt know Just what to expect, and
to le p pared, if possible
One of the most Interesting, because
one of the commone-st prohlems. In
Washington totlaj, Is the quest for sleep
ing quarters Mr O Mallev describes In
tit tall his own frantic efforts to And
accommodations for himself antl his wife
He telLs of recent barrooms converted
Into sleeping wards: he tells of the brlb
Ing of hotel clerks bj desperate men, he
even pictures a wealthy coal operator
glad to find n place to slumber In a
birber chair He facetlouslv disproves
the theory thnt booze Is bad for busi
ness' hj recounting how the drj ' edict
of last November has swelled the rev
enues of an electric line to naltlmnre,
nnd how the thlrstj patronize this
'Liquor Local" The mushroom giovvtb
of the various governmental war officer,
the hordes of men and women who have
gone lo Washington animated eitner ny
the wlh to 'do their hit' or to be 'In
on the pickings," according to their
viewpoint, and the behavior of Congress,
are among the topics discussed, ncca.
slonallv In serious vein but most frp
quentlv In hroadlj humorous stvle In
deed, the author's effort to he funny at
all costs sometimes defeats Its own ends,
resulting In self-consciousness and a
lack of spontaneltv
The resume of a typical dav In the
President's wartime llfo Is most Inter
esting The illustrations bv Tonj Sarg
are genulnelv comic, and felicitously re
flect the spirit of the book
thk vvaii vvittni, in iv awhinoton
Bv Frank Ward o Mallev Illustrated hs
Tonv Pare New Tork IMo Centcrj
t'ompanv It -n
STORY OF SERBIA,
A NATION AT BA)
.. ... . ..
1 old With Moving tloquettati
.,. n - ;... ,. .Vfej,
Hint I WI1.CI "J wuiajvwiw f
If. .it. Vnrm.nt hi
smut . . ..... . TW-
aav'&
t v
its
Il has remained for an American V'&"
woman to tell the story of Serbia's flj'
crucifixion with passionate power anft'MfJ"'
moVlne- elnnllenee ' A Vfttlnn at ttav.' WA&.TX
hv Itlllh S Pnrtinm aervennt hv AumMa xy."e
and not merely by courtesy In the SefjVMW.'l
bWn armv. Is the epic of a heroic na-SS i
tlons martvrdom No more soul-stlr-US'r,
ring narrative has been born of tH5Y3l.t
entire tin,- Itiqn fMa t.,L t la ft.- 'iftl'iV't.'
stlnct with the vivid personality of anjUft W
Fnrnam, revealing unconsciously fc'rMfej'?!
Inrge-vlsloned great-hearted, rarely in frjifif v
telligent nntl splendidly capable nualI("iR;j
ties ciispiajea in laboring zealously anayitgr
selfishlj and not merely with wordaVHS g"4i
but In toil-worn khaki and with strong Ja'3
hands and unwearied brain to mitigate Icwy
the actual, phjslcal anguish of suffering Jl&iJ
Serbians, -'JJEJH
Tli. .Illhni. I. ... . ...... .-. ...- 'lS :
, lit I1UIIIUI II, IJIIIT IIL UllJ-tJ IAIC ie
i-onnlltles who seem able to witness the' j$W,
uttermost of human woe and pain an9 jjs
jet emerge from contact with horrors ASWji
that transcend the Imagination without ls?
anj loss of feminine tenderness and J$t$k
w
va
Britain's War Spirit
Jefferv Farnol Is the latest addition
to the large number of Rngllsh authors
who have visited the battlefront In
France and the scenes of Great Britain s
tremendous vvnr work at home His ob
servations and Impressions are record'd
In ' Oreat Britain at War." a slmnle
little book made up of fugitive nevvs
papei nnd magazine articles
The avowed object t,f Mr Farnol n
modest volume Is to strengthen the bond
of sjmpathv nnd Joint endeavor between
America and Oreat Britain Most of
the misunderstandings In the paM, be
complains, have been due to the Amer
ican school histories Ho declares that
the mistaken Ideas about Englishmen
gained In this fashion are being happllv
destrojed bj the contact nf Amnrlcan
and British soldiers In the common peril
which todaj confronts them on the bat
tlefield Mr. Farnol writes with enthusiasm of
the vast work that Is belngolone bv tens
of thousands of girls In the munitions
'areas' of England He tells of the or
ganization efflclencv and spirit he found
at the tralnlnir cimps He Inspected
every detail of the British fleet from
the superdreadnoughts to the humblest
trawler And he bears testlmonv to the
determined spirit and Inip-e-Mip strength
of the armies In the field It is a book
that breathes Indomitable patriotism
and It Is written in a gracious, Illumi
nating stjle
CinEAT imtTAIN AT WAR Bv J.fferv
Farnol Boston Mule. Brown Cn II 21
gentleness she did not flinch at spec
tacles such ns probably no other Ameri
can
her
loused.
heroli
age Her narrative Is Irresistibly hU-
man. Informal and Intimate, but her view v
1. nliim. ft,. 1.pam . !& a? Ik. ,,
cosmopolitan She Is entirely too sen- 3jt-.N
slhle tn Inrinlra In futile shrillness! heS .T ri
hook Is written with that crjstal slm- yi,'-
pllclty of stvle and freedom from ally
pnee nicn in cue ety essence ul Bert ay-jo
and the foundation of conviction tSw&ti
Mergeani i-arnam was omciauj- maae) VvSsfWS
a iii?iinir Ol cur ?t;i inmi niinv in luv
heat of the famous battle of Brod In
October, 1916. when the Serbian com; V,h
mander. mlstaklnr her excitement for $5&h
: : - : : . wmz .
fear, urged her to remain calm do j.'P33j
vou think I'm afraid'" she cried. "Iiij
made a full-fledged soldier. it ,$.4
T).. .I... I.l.. U. 1.. .lu.fl '9 -I-
Drimp inni. uivjiuriii nnc iiau txii?nuA v "'H
seen mucn active service in sernia um a. wj
Ing the terrible tjnhus epidemic she l"ffin1l
had charge nf a medical department at
Vrgntze on the staff of Prince Alexia,!
and had prev ouslj- seen much of the
f-erblan people, and learned to admire
their simple, hardj. honest naturee,
their generosltj. Intense pride and Inde
pendence, domestic affection and natural
poetrv Her account of that memorable
retreat of the whole peasant population
through the mountains stirs the prq-
tn)infl.t ilAntU. nf nit.
'Their dojm," she comments, "has i 4
moved a warring world to futile tears.1 "-A
Awav In the lcj roads leading jLVy
CO Altlnlliu Hie yucr iiliva hlluKfiicu uii Vi.'
Mothers with their little ones around' &
them . blinded soldiers led by the gentle Kii'
si'
'
0 M
xifV
Vw
hands of joung girls, and carrying In ,Way
thelp Arn.a !! ne hnlf.frnven ehltftren ! 4 T . vl
old men. tottering, stumbling, falling at !$,l
last to rise no more; strpng and hana-'" &f4 j
ent.itt lLmner, lneff!1llt I1RU C lth hlttlke. Fl
t.a. tl.el ,lan. f-reater than IIIV tKl .
other A child would moan In Its moth- .
.. . .... .Ma it itltlA tlli. u ntilH eilelree SwZsXib
CI E mill-, UIIU l.n II, l ,t .. uutu ...n. . IM'I
out The mother, kneeling beside the WfcjS!
tlnv form would lake off her &thhtfM&
homespun apron that she mlglil leave tnesr ?jg
olHn needed the metit-er warmth of tlaaMjT
loved bod j decentiv covered But khejK.?l
othei suffering chlldien crvlng at herSitfliISS
. .. .... Bn thA henrthrAlfMfl U3
mother with a nlteous prayer rnUSt'',5,WS
..,.1... V... II. .1.. ttpnnt ahn.lt h. nnll Cjf1 ?
...u.r,, ,..wUV ,.v. ..,-. w.
uncovered, go on
gather her little
leaving her bahj
again " "'J.;
.No more glowing tribute to Serbia's ," era
heroism could be found than this book, .ttjje:
V NATION AT BAV B Sergeant Ruth
rarnnm Illuslrateil Indianapolis Bobos
Jlerrlll Compnnj 1 10
The U-BOAT HUNTERS
JafifteS B. First authentic ac
rnnnnllv count of our navy in
lOnnOliy ,he Submarine Zone
Illustrated It BO net.
CHARLES SCRIBNERS SONS
FIFTH AVEAT48ST NEWTORK
ft"fid
'
ti
1628
POI fHECTUirr
BOOKS IT"ra
JTAT.PNBWY.AMD ENGRAVING
Mltf etk ,.
Inir.
etand the pains of disease and surgery
without a whlmner. Their great desire
Is as one chap put it, 'to bust hell out
of them enemies '
MAY PROMOTE CROWDER'S AIDS
Eight Will Be Recpnnnended for
Higher Rank
Washington, July 20 (Bv I N S I )
Eight officers attached to Provost Mar
shal General Crowders office are to be
recommended for promotion as a reward
for the efficiency and co-operation with
which they have been conducting the
draft machine. It was learned today.
They .are: ...
To he colonels Lieutenant Colonels
C, B Warren, Detroit: James S Easby
Smith. Washington. D. C, and John
H Wlgmore, Chicago
To be lieutenant colonels Majors Jo
seph Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury. Vt,;
Grant T. Trent, nogersville, Tenn ;
Roscoe S. Conklin. New York, and K.
C. Kramer, Elisabeth X J.
To be major captain H.v. Stephen
by
Poultney
Bigelow
Author of
TrussUn Slemorita."
"The CJerman Struggle
for Liberty," etc.
All Booksellers
Jjo 1.50 net
O. 1. rutnam's Sons
Xew York Loudon
GENSERIC
King of the Vandals
First Prussian Kaiser
The author draws a close analogy be
tween Genseric and his Vandal hordes
of the fifth century and the master of
Prussianism today. This .ancient chief
of militarissmus who sacked Rome, and
with wild wantonness plundered, devas
tated, spread horror, in all countries
lining the Mediterranean shores is com
pared favorably with the "All Highest"
of central Europe today.
to ww' wiaiow display and t alfoa. CoUUawop. N,.J. v , 'U.
XdfromX
V mist M
Combine "Business with Pleasure"
And Read
Dawson Black :
Retail Merchant
By Professor HAROLD WHITEHEAD
College of Business Administration, Boston University
4fior of "The Business Career of Peter Flint"
(nhteh has had nation-wide serialization), etc.
An absorbing story of the first year in business for himself of a
retail merchant, skillfully combining fact with fiction, or "business
with pleasure." Dawson Black was not a business machine, but a
human, lovable young chap, and the account of his mistakes and
successes aie fascinating and inspinnp; aside from the sound busi
ness lessons they point out,
Jllustiated, $1.50 For Sale Eteryuheic
Published
by
The Page Company
63 Beacon St.
Boston
.
&'
.VhJ
m
43
.
I
SALT
READ WHAT THE CRITICS HAVE TO SAY ABOUT
The Education
OR of Griffith
Adams
By CHARLES G. NORMS
N. Y. Sun says. "Salt is sure to be successful. Not so much be
cause it is a biff thing well done and a great many people will like it, as
because a great many more will not like it will, in fact, be badly,
shocked. If Charles Norris, who is the husband of Kathleen and the'
brother of Frank Norris, and so has fallen quite naturally into the"
wav of beintr talented, had dealt with the tinsel and traure of a reckless
Four Hundred or with the .squalor and vice of a recognised underworld,
it would have caused sorrow, perhaps, and regret, but not horror. But;
he has shaken the foundation of that class which is, in turn, the foun-'
dation of our national life until the whole structure tonnlcs: and that
this has been done only after deep and earnest thought renders tit!
A
shock proportionately greater
The Nation aas. "Whatever one may
(eel to be the limitations ot the central
theme an the central Jlcure, there la no
raraplnc or wishing to escape the steady,
pedestrian force of the narrative aa a
whole, and the often surprising. Impres
sive and home. felt qualltv of the portrait.
ure Griffith a mothepc Grtfnth'a brother
the sturdy and delightful awlss family of
the Pohlla among whom Orimth la In find
his path, are memorable Interpretations
One has tht feeling. 'Whether these things
rnd people are all true or not. thla place
s true, this atmosphere, this society, It la
America, It la us' "
7v
&
A flneta
deep
The Boston Trans'rlpt says
significant note) written with
derstandlng of the facta and with a spin
ual Insight thst rinea not flag evenfor
Kiuuiriii na ii iiiiukb iikiii iii.u ine
enrners nf human nature It la the i
Ince of the novel tn awaken ua to ohirtj
aiaai4 ealila.111 at t aa Ala, IaA mr falt4ta atfltal IB
is wnai Mr orri aor Tor us )n -nji
i ne rnnaae ipniii inrTn American p
Th ounc man la ?ducatrd In tha
vinnd a douht and the noveHat'a r
of lir- pmcraa la not without lntcrt M
alirnlftranca aa a contemporary ituw tl
ina iima, quua apart irnra ua rara i
liy aa a worK t.r neiion '
At All BookatofM,
Pric $1.50 Nat, PotUfa Extra.
E. P. DUTTON & CO., 681 Fifth Avenue. .New
Pi, At. it-.
r
e '"S'V
w-.