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EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, JUNE 24, 1918
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KfV CTRtM If. If. rtlllTIS. PHtinisr
hArles 11. I.udlnsfan. le- President. John, C
ln. Secre try unit Treasurer: Philips" Collins,
n tuiiiams, jonn j rpureon, inrenvi,.
,JI
KDITOniAtj nOARDt
H. K. CtBTis. tihslrn
'ClCK
g J&AYID K. 3MILBY.
Hi.
r'.IItor
STilOHN C. MARTIN..,. Oeneral Business Mamirr
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,al v UDinnra anuy Hi i'rsilu i.FPnrn nuiiaing:.
wj' iiiuctniitunivB nilUHrfi 1 iiiiiuriM,m
TJll.mWKH CrxTBAt.
i4.hoqkr itxtrai. uroaii una cneemui -ireeii
..atmttio citr
iNm York . . . .
. Pre Union Ilulldlnic
. "OH Metropolitan Tower
. .. . ..-tin Ford Building
... lofls Kullertnn HulMtiiK
120J Tribune Building
EHsrnoiT
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news BuriKVfa
jViekJUHINGTON BlBKAl.
I iil N E- Cor Pennsslvanla Ae snd nth t
' Vouk Hmritr the sun Building
H .AWnv II-.... F.nnilnn T.tur.
Vt SUnscrtlPTlOS TKIIMS
(iV" Tne Eifmvo PtMip I.rnrrn l ripil to nib
VJ 4rrlhr In Phfialelnhlii mid surrounding town
' " rate o' twelve (1J) cents per week pajalile
ET'tothe carrier.
sw nr mn to tioint nutvlde of Philadelphia in
fj.C ,!) United states, Canada or t nlted states pn
h-rf prniuun, jwinur tier iiiw n' inn :
? " Rlv (IA. rtrtllar nr ar. n.nh1 In HiUnnrP
A Trt AH foreicn countries one (111 dollar per
rV&s-ttiiust rle old as well a titw Addren
Ht Vn-tiiTj diihatrtl-iAfa ulahlnv aHi4r rnaneil
UTtA, 3000 TT4LMP KE1T0NF, M4IN 3000
ledger Inrtepeiidcncr Square, ril,adfl'P'a.
JBiSTtREn at Tiir nut (PFirnu pout ovFirr
S ECO Ml ClAKfc MAII MATTFR
rhlliddphll. Mond... Jatif 21. 1411
IS IT TO BE JUST TAI K?
AnGL'MENT Is no longer necessary to
proc the importance of u1iik tlie
coastal atenajs to reliee tianporta
tlon congestion
The time for ill'cu-sion has passed
Eer hour dcoted to it Is wasted
It is time to act.
Therefore, It is hoped that when John
H. Smtul, chairman of the Committee on
HUers and Harbors of the House of Hep
resentatlt e, addresses members of the
Boure, the Chamber tif Commerce and the
Commercial Exchange In the Maot s office
today )ie will announce that vomethlnB
Is to be done and will tell what It Is
Wc already know that, the Kmercency
Fleet Corporation is plannim; the construe
tlon of 100 barges for carding coal We
know that Congress has authorized the
purchase of the Cape Cod Canal And we
know that the purchase of the Chesa
pe&ke and Delaware Canal is hanging fire
And we know too, that the great Erie
Canal, which New York has enlarged at
an, expense of $100 000,000 in order to pro
vide cheap watet transportation In com
petition with the railroads is not to be
allowed to compete, for the Goernment
has ordered that the rates charged for
freight shall be the same as thoe ihaiged
by the railroads
This city will nwalt v llh consideiable
Interest the disclosure of whatever mes
sage the chairman of tho Committee on
Klvers and Harbors brings from Wash
ington. r t "Bad Weather Hinders- Blow at Brit
ish." taiH a headline 'Twas eer thus The
A
J t ralncheck alnas did mean "So Game
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UIMlt. IHb ntu lain rnwi mi,
MINERS
jTUriNERS In the anthracite region hae
"Bl- not been ecmpted from the draft.
A,1 nothing effective has been done to
prevent the mine laborers fiom s-cekins;
other jobs.
Plans had been made to celebrate the
departure of the drafted miners toda bv
a holiday with parades.
Fuel Administrate Garfield has be
sought the undrafted men to remain at
work because there Is danger of a fuel
shortage If they quit for a daj '
But why does he not call on the provost
marshal general to keep the drafted miners
in the mines? Thej can sere the nation
better by getting out coal than b going
JJf to France.
X You can make a soldier In three months,
Wv but it takes two ears to make a licensed
miner.
They tell us that thej can't exempt the
miners without iolatlng --ome tegulation
or other. But what are regulations In
comparison with an adequate supplj of
coal for Industry and the households?
Such miners as hae been drafted into
the army should be returned to the an
thracite regions at once and the men on
the way to the training1 camps should be
turned back, regulations or no-regulations.
Jt is about time that the red, tape be
cut into so many lltt.pjeces that; there
la not left a bit lon(r'n,qush to'tangle up
the feet of a sinRe.mn.orn4he ia to a
necessary war IndustryT ' "" r "
Food in the Central Powers is becoming
i-L. n.l wtnpu ctatrlrt,Ml In tlto PHTinitn 3
$yjr riety.
L't.? Tr IDUIC m llt" , v.... .. .- -.. ..-.. .
iffl am nrriK way ;TTinv
rpHB plan of the British and American
($$ aviation serlce3 to conduct transat-
&J cantly small strain upon the Imagination.
Egjs The profusion of war mliaclea increases
nS"'. atmnaf rtallv find the substitution of the
V -word "commonplace" for "wonderful" pro
ceeds with equal speed
fkW It Is recorded of Humpty Uumpty In
W.V1"Th rough the booking Glass" that he ae-
?5C5compllshed a quota of "Impossible" things
JttS'every morning before breakfast. An era
SJ.hattled -world Eeems to be bettering his
lMamnle. The air postal serlce between
gXew York and Washington is now con
l Sventlonally a part of the da's work.
: fJ,SV Another miracle gone stale receh es the
)L Uelmest of acceptances. There is little
to doubt that the sensationalism
. r.ri. ai... A.- vn(i,t.aariln nlv ft In ti111 K
..AA'-. ' noi.w-... - .- ww
SJalmllariy evanescent
z&$ Tiia. same curioi
same curious twentieth century
f Viewpoint, sq readil adjusted to novelty.
R, '&St . imneier. sometimes Tesai adanted to
net pii i --
tthe restatement of an old but uo geper-
"?ai?y recognizea iact. Aimosrasinterest
itaMf as 'he flrat news of the proposed air
iMrvlce between two continents were the
jiute maps revealing the Azores as a sin
jfaiarly con-venlent wa -station between
Kcwfoundland ana t'ortusai. .
Th tKOO miles between St. John's and
puataJDelgada 'are- tobj poered in about
twty'hours, and the 1100 be'tween' there
m-j':T,1bon in a fev nours less. The pre-
HihUK illusion that 3000 miles of water
&Many route eeparatea the New World
huM the Old la thus promptly dissipated.
fJMtiiated with prodigies ts we may be.
kjlttle inrill IS aureij ami iJcriuiaaiuie
tkB(nial picture of Goncalo Cabral,
'.tr . t " .... i
SBVWin wmury caijiuitj, f"ull,s u
PUNISHING THE PRESS
New Postal Rales, Under Guie of War Tax,
One Wa) in Which Congressional
Blatherskites Do It
LEST any ono be deceived by confties
1 sional blather on the subject, from
time to time, it may be as well to state
clearly and unequivocally some of tha
fact- concerning the new confiscatory
postal rates which ffect newspapers and
othe periodical publications bepinninp;
July 1.
Enacted under the disguise of a war
tax, these rates were demanded as a
source of war revenue not previously
tapped. But it requires only the most
superficial knowledge of the past policy
and design of the Postoffice Department
to sec how labored is this excuse. The
postoffice never has been and never
should be regarded as a levenue producei
for the general purposes of the Govern
ment. It is purely a public utility and
the only possible excuse for maintaining
it as an exclusive Tedernl monopoly is
that it shall give the best service to the
people at the least possible cost.
So that in attempting to laise a war
tax out of this public utility Congicss is
merely putting itself in the same posi
tion as City Councils in Philadelphia
might, were they to add a tax of four or
five cents to each stieet-cai fare paid, in
order to secuie revenue for the cuirent
expenses of the city, which aie in their
way quite as much affected by the war
emergency as aie national finances. The
fallacy is, of course, appaient.
Theie must be some other leason,
therefoie, for this deliberate attempt by
Congiess to punish the press. What
those reasons aie might be surmised by
any one familiar with the character and
philosophy of the politicians in Congress
who inspiied this vicious law. Even in
the back-woods districts of the South
and West where they come from the
press, by its unceasing igilance and
sharp lemonstrance against political
charlatans, knows how to sting. Indeed,
theie are a number of these same blatant
gentlemen fiom unheard-of places who
bear scars of cditoiial lashings which
must frequently burn. Enough then, as
to a motive.
But, aside from any such considcia
tions, there is anothci phae which, to
even the ordinary intelligence at Wash
ington, ought to be worthy of lespectful
consideration. In all modesty it may
fairly be said that never in the history
of this or any other countiy has the
newspaper and periodical press as a
unanimous body done more to uphold the
efforts of the nation's leader in a time of
acute stress and anxiety. No charge of
selfishness, greed or profiteering will lie
against the press of America today.
Although as an industry it has been hard
hit by the tremendous advance m the
cost of law materials and laboi an
advance entiiely ascribable to the wai
yet there has been no complaint, no petty
sti iking back, no covert thrusts or ill
concealed chagrin. The pi ess is doing
its bit and doing it well.
Not a day passes which does not bring
to probably every responsible editor in
the country many appeals to his patriot
ism and loyalty for service to the Gov
ernment. Senator Smoot, we believe it
was, recently looked into this question
and found that a single nevvspapei in the
Middle West during the course of one
week received several bushels of lequests
for fiee publicity, sent out from a total
of some forty-five different publicity
bureaus connected with the Government
at Washington.
President Wilson himself thinks so
well of the aid that can be given to his
Administration by the newspapers and
periodicals generally that he has stanchly
stood behind the Creel publicity commit
tee, even though the expenses have run
to hitherto unheard of figures.
Mr. Schwab only the other day at a
luncheon in this city declared soberly
and seiiously that had it not been for
the efforts of the newspapers to arouse
enthusiasm and interest in the shipbuild
ing program he might have fallen fai
short of the splendid record now being
made by the shipping board and fleet
corporation forces under his able direc
tion. Even the Congiessmen themselves
think so well of the need for Gov ernment
publicity that they appiove huge appro
priations out of the National Treasury
for maintenance of large and high-salaried
corps of depaitmental piess agents
to turn out thousands of tons of pam
phlets, slip-sheets and what not and
even that much-revered "newspaper, ' the
Congressional Record, of fragiant de
light. How utterly and invincibly stupid it
is, therefoie, for Congress as a whole
to permit a small, but at present power
ful, group of soured and disgruntled
members t,0 vent their spleen in such
fashion upon a great and indispensable
industry. They might as well 5ut a head
tax upon the dissemination of knowledge
through the common schools, for in effect
they are penalizing what, without doubt,
is the greatest medium of education in
this country today. Surely such a law
cannot stand once the people s-ee how
quickly it will cripple and curtail the
circulation of the great journals daily,
weekly and monthly which are the back
bone and sinews of public opinion, the
greatest safeguard in a democracy.
The wet forces seem to have the better
of the drjs thus far'ln June
NEW LEGIONS dF LIBERTY
AQTING immediately upon the amend
.merit of the Senate Military ,AffaIrs
Committee providing for the training and
equipment, pf troops fiom any Allied nai
no means negligible? for each Individual
soldier counts In. the legions of llbert.
Hut the spliltual value of this response
Is most significant of all. Mateiiallsm,
even o hlghl orgonbed as that of Ger
main must succumb to the force of Ideals
gtoumled In the eternal pilnciples of right.
Contingents fiom the six Iitin-Amerlcan
republics which havo" Ueelaied war against
the Huns need not necessarll be large to
make indissoluble the new bonds between
ourselves and most of the southern sec
tion of the New Woild. Whatever their
mimbeis, the bovs fiom Ilma, from Wo,
from Managua, Guatemala CItv Havana
nr I .a Pa will represent! the might of a
glorious concept. They 'will be enlisted
in a fralcrnltv of fieedom unpiecedented
in niignltucle In universal htstorv
Moreover, as Pan-Amerlcanlsm thus
takes on tangible shape ns a Imttiess of
the league of nations the'fllmsv structure
of condescension, which in the past has
sometimes handicapped our effoits towaid
union will be rared The names of Simon
Bolivii San Martin and Macelo eminently
deserve linking with those of otn own
sons of fieedom The opportunity for
entrenching this truth is nt hand
The sun did not et till 8 33 o'clock Sat
urday night th latest hour on record But
If we should put the clocks forward another
hour we could make It set at S 33
NEW -ORK DOES IT WHILE PHILVDEL
PHI HESITATES
pOLICEMEN in New YorK are demand
ing bettei pav jut as they aie here
But the. have ense enough there to agiee
on the necessitj of paving i living wage
A committee of the Board of Estimate and
Apportionment is considering how the
monev ran be found to give the men a
10 per cent increase in pav It is planned
to make the increase date fiom Julv 1
The conditions there nip the same as m
this cItv Men have been le'lgnlng from
the force because thej could get better
pav elewhere Those who remain aie
dl-contented The executive authorities,
instead of sajlng th,e wibhed monev could
be found to give the men what they de
served but regret thev are unable, have
set about finding the monev
Our policemen are left hanging in the
air witli the possible hope of iclief some
time in the autumn if nnvbodv then has
the nerve to use heroic, measuies to get
the necessarv monev
It now permissible to av that the
Piave battle has been won ' remarks the
Italian Premlei W aie waiting till Mr
Wilson announces ib.it ii Is permissible to
saj that the war has been won
RE WE GOLNG TO DO AMTHING
ABOUT IT?
NO ONE need be surprised at the state
ment of John Ihlder, secretars of the
Housing Association, that the sanitary
conditions under which the pool aie com
pelled to live aie growing worse Nor
need one be sui pried that the death late
is increasing oi that, if an epidemic of
dhease should break out, the ph.v slcians
would find It difficult to handle It.
The supplv of phsl'ians is depicted
because thej have entered the medical
corps of the armv in latge numbeis. Those
who remain have mote than the can do
attending to their regular practice.
The lapid Increase in population has
congested the dlstilcts in which men get
ting small incomes can affotd to live, and
the high cost of food and clothing has
forced many workingmen to move with
theii families into smaller quarters.
And the Inability of private buildeis to
get material and loans has brought build
ing virtuallv to a standstill There ought
to bo 10 000 new houses In the citj toda
to supplv the a tual needs and theie
should be 23,000 In the metropolitan tils
tiict And this will not be enough to meet
the demands of the normal Increase in
population, which absorb- in ordinal y
jeais about 7500 new houses
Now what are we going to do about It?
Now that the Govern-
l'alnlrl.i ? ment has obtained all
the arm dentists it
wanted there can be no doubt of our soldiers
getting their fill
f-omehow it seems
An Kxpert quite natural that a
one-legged man, who
was finall accepted b a draft board, should
have been enlisted In the capacity of a
timber holster.
We are five months
ahead of the schedule
Ak Mr. Vliwali
in shipping soldiers to
Trance, with 900 000 now on the other side
If we can do this when shoit of shipping,
what cannot we do when we have wll the
ships needed "
The bridge across-the
out of Ulit Delaware at Trenton
is now free, but the
biidge at Camden is still In tho air.
The Kaiser has had
st, llrlrna x nwn his nephew. Prince
for Hint Frederick Leopold, put
under guardians, on
the ground that he squanders $600,000 a jear.
This Is a mere bagatelle compared with
what WUhelm himself Is squandering. Unless
he mends his wajs the world will put him
under guardianship In a safe place to curb
his extravagance.
They are now sajlng that In some of
the city departments there are so many
clerks and so little work that someVif them
have to be kept hqme that the overloading
of the pa roll may not be too apparent
It is no news that Berlin Is suffering
from the silp. The"lIohenzollerns saw to
that state of affa'rs long ago
That Boston sergeant' who searched
during broad da) light for a lost purse In
No Man's Land mu9t have been a Scotchman.
The) ar tr)ing to tell us that all Aus
tria Is singing ' Coming Through the Riot,"
but we are rumor-sh), We won't predict any
revolutions until they actually happen.
There are some persons who believe that
deafness might have its compensations with
respect to any "hearing" scheduled In de
fense of six-cent fares. . ,
When It comes to rising to the emer
gency, the flooded Piave keeps excellent time
with the Italian troops.
Those critics who desccrbi4 the beauty
nt rmi.A'i nini- 'rltllrits taiiir m "filmy"
A WESTMINSTER ABBEY
IN PHILADELPHIA
"ITTALKING down Tenth street just below
"V Maiket we noticed the other day that
workmen are again busy In St. Stephen's
Church. The interior of the church Is
being redecointed In haimony with the
unlijuel.v beautiful chancel (tjie gift of Miss
Anna Magee, In tnemoty of her sister
Kanple Magee). This Interesting edifice,
one of the plainest of the clt)'s churches
In exterior, Is inwardly a marvel of beauty.'
The exquisite eastern windows, which
gleam with brilliant blue and opal tints
through a delicate lacework pf white mar
ble (almost unbelievably frail and grace
ful), are a lsion of quiet loveliness. On
Saturday morning the doors of the church
weie open while the woikmen weie busy
within, and many passers-by who had not
Reen the windows before were lured by
this gleam of deep and sparkling blue to
step Inside the church and admire.
"TJURING the energetic rectorship of Dr.
-' Carl Grammer, who has occupied St.
Stephen's pulpit since 1905, the treasures
of the church have been notably Inci cased
The geneioslt) of St. Stephen's friends has
been unfailing, and considering the numbei
of remarkable memoilals and beauties his
church houses, Doctor Grammer's own
name for the shrine seems not Inappro
priate He speaks of It as "Philadelphia's
Westminster Abbev."
OT. STEPHEN'S Is notable as an exam-
pie of the man) services that may be
pcrfoimed bv an active chur.ch In the
heart of the business dlstilct. Man) men
who do not attend any i ellglous services
regularlv are grateful to St. Stephen's for
the noon sencc, i,ed there dall) during
Lent These s,et vices, which have been
held foi manv vears, are remaikabl)
popular, the annual attendance having ex
ceeded 23 000, with a dally average of more
than GOO. In June, 1917, the church opened
clubrooms for men in the service, -and
more than 50,000 soldiers and sailors have
registered there In the last )ear. The
chinch's eivlce flag shows lift) stars.
rpifE severel) plain and foi tresslike
edifice of St. Stephen's, so familiar to
all who pass along Tenth street, was orlgl
nallv a Methodist church, taken over and
remodeled foi the new congregation in
1SJ3 That period was one of great ex
pansiou In the Episcopal Church, which
had bv that time outlived the piejudice
against it (Inherited from Ttev olutlonarv
tijnos) as the Chinch of England From
the beginning St. Stephen's seems to have
had n fiiendl) i elation with the South
and became a favoilte place of worship
for f-outheineis In Philadelphia One of
the earliest monuments erected in the
church stands in the vestr), a tablet to
the memor) of three oung Southerners,
medical students at the University of Penn
s)lvania, who died in the course of their
studies. This was In 1825.
TR HENRY W. DUCACHET, a man of
-very gieat charm and social attractive
ness, was rector 1S34-1865, apd under his
caie St. Stephen's became one of the lead
ing social churches of the cit). Many old
Philadelphia families of wealth and refine
ment worshiped here, hut the church has
nevei forgotten that the duties of a sacred
edifice extend to ever) caste. Under Doc
tor Ducachet's rectorship St. Stephen's
became an lllustiious example of the
Episcopalian tendency to ally the Church
with the arts Colonel Edward Shlppen
Burd, who died In 1848, left Instructions In
his will foi a memotlaf to be erected to the
memory of his three deceased children
The. Burd memorial, executed in Italian
maible by the famous German sculptor
Stclnhausei, Is one of the most beautiful
pieces of its kind in the country. A replica
of it was erected In Bremen, the sculptot's
native clt). It is known as "The Angel of
the Resuirectlon"
THE recumbent efllg) of Colonel Burd
and the magnificent marble font (also
bv Steinhauser) were the gift of Colonel
Burd's widow in 1849 and 1859. The font
is xery interesting: three cherubs support
the bowl on theii wings. Each cheruh
holds one .of the instruments of the
Saviour's torturethe nail, the thorn and
the spear. The cherub with the nail Is
shown testing the sharpness of the -point
qn his chubby hand Inside the bowl are
carved several fish, representing, of course,
the secret sjmbol of early Christian faith.
IN 1889 the Venetian mosaic of the Last
Supper, which contains more than
180,000 tesserae, was erected by the gener
osity of the Magee famil). This was ex
ecuted parti) b) Italian workmen and
partly bv the artist, Henry Holiday, of
London, the ersatlle craftsman who is
also well known for a xery different t)pe
of work In his Illustrations for Lewis
Carroll's "Hunting of the Snark." The new
organ was also given by the Magee famil),
and "voiced" In the church under the su
pervision of Dr. David Wood, the famous
blind musician, who was organist of St.
Stephen's for fort) six )ears.
IT IS impossible In the compass of a few
paragraphs to mention all the beauties
of St. Stephen's, but no account, however
brief, can omit the touching memorial to
Maria Gouverneur Mitchell, the daughter
of Dr. S. Weir Mitchell. This monument
was done by Saint Gaudens, and the figure,
of exceptional grace and simplicity, rep
resents "The Angel of Puilty."
ST. STEPHEN'S is a church of eiy
great Interest to all Philadelphians. No
one can read the names engraved on the
old fashioned sliver pew -plates without real
izing how many old Philadelphia families
have loved this church and worshiped
there. The walls are lined with tablets
and lit with richly tinted windows, each
one of which is a story in itself. It is a
curious coincidence that Doctor Grammer,
the present rector, was called to St.
Stephen's from Christ Church, Norfolk, the
same church from which DoctDr Ducachet
came. Doctor Grammer is noteworthy in
cherishing the traditions of his predeces
sors, and there is no. church that better
lepays a visit from art lovers than old St.
Stephen's. , C. D. at. i
Numbers are not all in this war, or cite
there would not be such great disparity of
XAiua nv&nwii uiv .jvvv 4-vinii prisoner,
&&,..'&&
,K,,ts'"""if
ca pHPyposTAL jqne:caw sMm9 ' 31
YOU CAN HURRY BIOLOGY
By WILLIAM
of the Itureau of Lntomolopiy of
UNDER the heading 'You Can't Hurry
Biologv," In the Evemxo PfBi.ir LEDOtn
of June 20, -C D M," reviews the opinions
of I)i. Robert T. Mortis, as expressed In
Doctor Morris's book, "The a Out of
War" One paragraph In C. D M ' lev lew Is
as follows
it In a fundAmt ntnl law nf nattirr that am
sicls must not prp on its own species It
it 1b to survive Bears do not Kill other bears
foxes do not kill other tones docs do not Kill
other does of the same breed (There ma. of
i ourse b accidental exceptions) Dut.man
has transgressed aKalnst this law of life and
set about killing; his own kind
THIS is ver) prettj but is it true? Vn
fortunatel) for argument based upon it,
it is not true On the contrar.v a s-pecles
which does not 'pre)" upon itself in times
of stress is, generally speaking, unfit to
survive
This does' not mean open warfare, ncce
sarii), as we piactlce it. It means that indi
viduals of the species fittest to survive and
to occupy positions of dominance over others
must on occasion destrO), without pit) or
mercy, other Individuals of their own species
Destiuction ma) be wrought In many wa)n
The bear or fox o- lion or leopard adults do
not engage In open warfare, perhaps, but
there is good reason to believe that such
creatures more or les liabltually dcstio),
and perhaps devour, their own progen) in
the event that the food supply Is Inadequite
We only know the Intimate famil) habits of
these animals under the abnormal environ
ment of captlvit), but we find that many
animals are prone to destroy or to abandon
their )oung under these abnormal conditions,
and there can be no doubt that they would
do the same under similarly abnormal con
ditions naturally brought about.
CANNIBALISM is normal with many spe
cies of very successful Insects, and Is the
saving of many situations There Is a laigo
beetle known as alaus, the larvae of which
live upon the Insec-Js under the bark of. dead
trees Each fallen tree trunk provides food
for a certain number of bark and wood
feeding laivae. These larvae provide food
for a certain number of alaua. The mothei
alaus does not know how much food there
will be for her young, and she deposits more
eggs than the food supply warrants. The
)oung alaus, hatching from the eggs, wander
about, destio)Ing the )oung balk and wood
feeders If the) lived the peaceful life and
did nothing else than this the lesult would
be disastrous. They would destroy all the
baik and wood feeders (which to their spe
cies are as sheep and swine and cattle are
to man a necessary source of sustenance),
and worse than this, they wouud destroy all
their food supply before any of them had
become strong enough to leave the tree trunk
and seek food elsewhere.
Cannibalism becomes the logical expedient.
AVhenever two )oung alaus encounter there
Is a fight to the death and the victor devours
the slain. Encounters are frequent In pro
portion to number of Individuals, and it ends
by the survival of no more of them than
enough to destroy the superfluous wood feed
ers Plenty of the wood feeders survive to
perpetuate their race Just as we see to It
that the breeding slock of cattle shall not
be dstro)Cd
This Is not an exceptional case. It Is a
common one, among Insects, and it disproves
the popular belief that Internecine arfare
and cannibalism are abhorrent to nature.
We reach false conclusions through accept
ing popular epigrams as premises for our
arguments, as wltnesi the fact that the law
of gravity makes of infinite space the vacuum
which nature holds In proverbial abhorrence.
TURN from Insects to plants. Go Into the
Canadian forests of fir and spruce and
find there the ground .covered with .)Oung
seedlings of the older trees They live for
one or two )ears; or one In a, million, per
haps, struggles on for a longer period. But
unless the older trees meet with disaster,
thus making room for their offspring, all are
destro)ed. By. what? By nothing but suffo
cation and famine. Light and food are de
nied them by their own parents, and they
are as' certainly destro)ed as-lf-a human
mother refuted air or nourishment to her
!ll?r-4..1t. ,... i. x-.v.tibf!
AN ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE?
F. FISKE
the Department of Agriculture
mals It Is not warfare It Is merely nature's
wav of avoiding great evils which less cruel
tieatmetit of Individuals bv otheis of their
specie'? would inevltablv entail In a wa) it
Is." birth contiol," practiced In such nianiiei
that racial degeueiatlon is avoided Thp
)oung aiu given theit fighting chance to
survive
"ITrHAT i" nature's ben and mn-'t pleasant
VV alternative to the trluuiv hate of major
evils famine, pestilence and war? It is ad
venture. Here again the Insects teach us
Pol there ale man) species which, of their
own volition, leave the natal envhonment
on leaching matuiity and dispel e far and
wide, penetrating legions in which It Is Im
possible for them to perpetuate, their suedes
indeflnltelv, but perpetuallv populating these
regions through the constant stream of Im
mlgiantH fiom the moie favoiahle enviion
mentK l'or such species famine has no
teirors: pestilence Is overcome; neither wai
nor cannibalism, )et "birth control" Is neces
sai. 'Iheli voting reach full inaturltv.
sttong and health) of bod), and, moved b)
some subtle Instinct, leave the pecure en
vhonment in which the) were bred and fare
foith Into the woild Theirs Is a pleasent
life, which finds Its counteipart In the lives
of men like the English, who breed In Eng
land but who live and work In every climate
from Africa to Antarctica.
FV.MINE Is the most terrible of the lluee
major evils which ever) form of life must
face. Pestilence is a wav out of famine, and
Is a lesser evil. War is a way out of both
pestilence and famine, and Is the least of
the thice In fact, with the exception of ad
venture (and It Is Itself the Great Adven
tute), it Is probably the consummation of
evolutionary progress In a certain direction.
It is imperative that every species shall so
live as to evade the greatest evil of famine;
and pestilence Is a poor way out of it.
'Hlitli control" by methods which deprive
the )oung of a fighting chance is probably
the vvoist possible way out. Adventure Is
piobablv- the only alternative to war which
Is not conducive to lace degenetac).
THIS Is the best "way out of war," and I
will ventuie the guess that the nation
which instills a love of clean spirit into its
)outh, which trains the best Bo Scouts and
the finest football pla)ers, rifie shots, avl
atoi, vachtsmen and horsemen, which breeds
the largest number of fighting men and the
smallest number of teetotalers, which Is first
to make the tioplps safe for humanity and
which penetrates farthest Into the Aictlc
with Its rallwa)s and mining camps, which
is leadlest for wai but last to report to It,
and which, in short. Is the boldest and most
venturesome In times of peace, will prove
the fittest to survive.
FINALLY, no argument, however pro
found, can stand If its original premises
are fale, and It is a false premise that ' it
is a fundamental law of nature that any
species must not ptey on its own species If
It Is to survive,"
A Fanlees Summer?
Among other things affected by tie war
Is the palm-leaf fan Industry. The leaves
from which the fans aie made come from
China, but cargo space Is in such demand
and fi eight lates aie so high that few of
the leaves now leach this country. In 1915
China exported 16,571 packages of palm
leaves to the United States; In 1917 only 157
packages were sent. This means that the
business is suspended. Should the war con
tinue the old-fashioned palm-leaf fan ma)
become valuable as a curio. Meanwhile the
electric fan, which has grown rapidly In
American favqr. Is likely to enjoy a boom
Troy Times
Of First Concern
Director McAdoo Is going .to ' humanize
the science of railroading and negative the
Idea that corporation have no souls." Also,
we hope he will get them to cairy wmie
coal Brooklyn Eagle,
The Movie Fett
At the movies Lariy 7.oudvoice could be
found most any da) ;
As a pest he had .no equal, folks that sat
near by would sa).
For he thought it was his duty to play
teacher to the crowd,
And he'd read each movie title In a voice,
both harsh and. loud.
Years, went, by, Btll) ,Larry, labored; .every
J. - tm UI.IVHI1U Uw r- . X . F. s....,.- '
; , - q
(' tre iii the Nov ork t:enlns: Pott. ji
-3Ji
a
I A SMILE FROM YOU
A SMILE from )ou Is all 1 ask
Tn irlnllfv mv ilalK- t.isk.
it?a
The skies may weep, the winds may wall
All ontvvaid founts of Jov ma)' fall,
All costlier gtaces be denied
The mom foi me is beautified
For just a smllo from jou may bring
The lilitls and blossoms of the spiing
Within ni) heart to sine; .and bloom;
Ma) scatter Minbcams round mv room;
Ma) touch the fringes of the mist
Aucl tuin Its gray to qmcth)st.
rru
.rr5j
if
'MA
$ti7z
- u
m
Thiougliout the houis, it well may be, ""
Yout thoughts not oft will stiay to me.
Not many words I ask of )oit
1'iom morningshlnc'" till evening dew.
But as jou pass mo on xnur wa).
Give mo n sunn) smile today.
Lilian Leveridge, in "Over the Hills
Home "
o:
,
OYQN'S urttsY ROSS
XT7HI2N xmcilca iolned the Allies N'nion1'''
VV wanttd to ' demnnstiate " Nov on wanterf-i
to hang out our (lag fiom the old town hall " T,
.as line a Gothlc-Renassance town hall as,r
nnv In the land t'nliappll). M Noel, thii
Ma)oi could find no 'ilag to hang (the Ger-i '
mans had been nut "f the place onl) a few'",
weeks), so he called In a French Betsv Ros-vitj
who did hei vei) best Red. white and blue.n'1
It was, with thirteen stripes, but stars are. Xi
not so case. So the American flag hung e J
fiom the Hotel de Vllle was striped, butf
stailess; and when an American ambulance gfl
man, coasting down in Ills Ford from the i
new front (not so far awav) saw- that star'
less flag, he swore it should be his He goti,
an oidinai), machine-made cdinmerclal fiagUf3
from Paris, a (lag with somewhere near thn 3
right numbei of stars, and took It to tho -VI
Mavor. "J'iI
"Let me have )ur home-made flag and
sou shall have this flue, brand-new one, with
four doren stais to It," he said very mucn jji
as an antique luruuure man cruising aoouc7-ft
New England with a buggy and a Morgan1?
mare might, a. few )ears since, have traded a.(a
brand-new maple suite for some Maine farm- m
'o nti ii.iilmfl'nnv "Ji
I like the spit It that made the Ma) or andirl
Novon's Bets) Ross go to all their trouble,
'a Tlattiv Tfnuu cm ii, all Ihulr I,-aIi!a. . "I I
It means something to liaiig out a flag th
)ou have had to cut and sew )ourself
after )ou found the cloth. But they were
willing to take tiouble, those people atf
ninn fnp tliel liar. .1 follaln sontltneiit
about Americans Thev remember the emv ?l
da) when the "commission for relief In BelS'FJ
glum" was serving No) on No aoubt BriUsrc,i 41
and French funds had moie to do wlth3ll
inriniiib Jfuniuic lilt; lwLuailUK ui iiuilliCIJI f
France under the German occupation thaifu,
our money did, but It was Americans who ac-
tually handed out the beans, So when, .9
America entered the war we were already old '
friends to No) on They meant It when the
spread our flag to the breeze at their filfanS
teenth centurv Hotel de A'llle! BartonjA
tuahe, in me npringneiu liepuoucan.
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1. Where Is Camn nix?
2. Name the author of "Cran'ord,"
3. hat Is the capital of Vermont?
4. What Ih the decimal ustftnr
lileniltV T1ij. flriAH flrnv lnet '
" ..; . ,. ". . i.j..7 ...... ..... 551
. vv no is prrsiucni oi s nnceion i iiirersiirT ya
7. What Is meant by the 'Tlerlan sprlni"? v(j
H. What 1'rei.ldent of the fTiiitrd States was'
9. When wa the Jpanlli-,n.rlean War? TJ
10. Whnt rcIiIoun denomination urh concerned.?
la the founding of i'ennlania? v
sir
Answer to Saturdays Quiz r;
I. Vlonlello I'lateuu, n. strJleskallr Taluahle .
milttiHt on the Italian front, west or tho jr-il
1'lure and about twentr-tlto mllei nortU("(7ql
2. Kcerves. in ine miuiar) f.eni.e. inat portion'f'
HI tin Hriux unicr ui uuilie, f in loiirw t
III the rear at the outset of an encase-"!.
tietit. readi til reenfuri i,r rellei IImi ii
ftaiitlnc troops. l.ocai reserves ure closet
iiehind i"e siiiiporis, srnerai reserves wnir
M.un. m In Ik. ..Mr.
x 'Uhr.t Xlalsle Knew." a novel br lleniVS
James, an author born In America, but g
naturalized in ureal nriiain.
4. "The Illlnd Kurd." u. name applied t
Homer a mini natural authors ami soul
limes 10 n lion. , , t
S, Runes, characters In the, primitive Teulonla
alphabet, often used In Inicrl'itlons, ttg-i
urailiriJ iiijsiitmi vr mmir,
6, lr. Frank 4. l.ooilnow Is president of J
HMiuna ipneruii. tr . j,
7, l lose-up. in motion uiciiires a Dim SBO
near law or an Individual or sKmM
8, Tschalkewskr. Kiaukir-HoriwksjrriiM
':3BUTTT7Z7? V
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