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EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY. JANUARY 2G, 1918
lj man.
fajching public Ife&ijei;
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
rrvnttn it v s, .,.. .
ifli II. Ludlnston, vice President! John C.
Whaley, Director!.
if
UD1TOR1AI, ho.vnn.
' it ,SVi'Jl- ,c c. Chairman
F. If. WHALET .... editor
JOtUf, O. MAnTlN... general Business Manager
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WILSON THEORY
DEMOCRACY
OF
TT It1 possible to talk a thins into life. It
is even easier to talk a thing to ileatli.
Ca lylo said modern democracy was the
result of printing. The newspaper opened
the floodgates of publicity. Mr. Wilson
agnized tho power of the press twenty-
fsf years ago, when he wrote;
When all sources of Information arc ac
cessible to all men nllUe. when the world's
thought, and tho world's news are scattered
broadcast w hero the poorest may (Hid them,
tho nondcinocratlc forms of government
must find Ufo a despornto cntllre. In
clusive privilege needs prlacj. hut cannot
hate It. Kingship of thf elder pattern
nteds sanctity, hut can find It nowhere oh-
1 talnamc In a world of news yenis and n.it
Isded curiosity. Tho many will no longer
receive submissively the thought of a ruling
low, but insist upon having t pinions of
their own.
There arc echoes of this early conviction
la Sir. Wilson's use of press publicity; In
his arraignment of the Herman autocracy:
In his attempts to stimulate) discussion In
Germany. The facts of the world today
bear him out. Kor example, dllllcult as It
has been to get a true account of what Is
going on in Itussia, tho enterprise of tho
press Is every day piecing together the
largo design. The prcclso views uf M.
Trotsky on world socialism. Ills plan to m
root the capitalistic system everywhere, his
version of this war us being not between
nations, but between classes, arc being pub
lished.' Vvcn Germany, while it can keep
news out, cannot keep news In. Hut mighty
ns arc tho forces of the pros, Sir. Wilson
went on to f.ay In the essay quoted above:
No one can fad to peiccive that they arc
Inadequate to produto of themselves buch
A. Government aH ours. The Influences uf
IKjpular education, of the piosa
may only confuse ami paralyze the mind
with their myriad htlnglng lasher of ex
C'tement. They overwhelm one
with lmprcb"Ions, but do they give stal-
wartness to his mamioou:
Tho big point that lie leads up to is that
not mere talk, not mero wild-eyed revolu
tion and stormy protest can erect a dem
ocratic Government.
There Is almost nothing In common be
tween popular outbreaks! such ns took
place In Krance at her great devolu
tion find the establishment of a !ov em
inent like our own nomocracy
In Uuropo. outside of do'-ctcd Switzerland,
has always Hcted in rebellion, as a destrtic
t'vo force Democracy In Amer
ica, on the other hand, and In tho English
colonies lias had. almort from the first,
a truly organic growth. our
democratic State was not a pleco of de
veloped theory, but a piece of developed
habit It was not created by mere aspira
tions or by new faith, It was built up by
sloi- custom. An immature peo
ple could not have had It. Such
Povernment as ours Is a form of conduct.
and its only stable foundation I charac
ter. A particular form of gov.rnmcnt
rpay no more bo adopted than a particular
type of character. nomocracy,
far from being a crude form of Govern
ment. Is possible only among peoples of
the. highest and steadiest political habit.
1 It can never bo made to sit
easily or sa'fcly on first generations.
It It Is poison to the Infant, but tonic to the
tThls sober conservatism is not the tide
of Ir. Wilson that It Is tho fashion of tha
diy to applaud. We hall the Russian rev
olution as the greatest event' of our times,
as. a thrilling promise of a good time
Mnjln 1-tne not ns the. rnmnletod nroduct
r" vr ' ...
ofa mature democrao planing me worm
safo for democracy, in the Wllsoalun
philosophy, Is making it safe from kings
and from mobs alike.
Tho world prays fort sufficient stability
ot government In Hussia to save her from
a return to Czarlsm, to make her voice
aound ever clearer tho prophecy of lib
erty through Germany's eastern gates. But
it"l wo In our maturity who must teach
Hussfc democracy, and not she who must
. tosch us. grown men In the art of tho
checks and balances of liberty. Revolu
tion, not anarchy, Is what Germany needs.
Revolution Is not anarchy. It Is the oppo
site of anarchy. "Revolution must always
ha tor something respectable," as Chejter
on puta It. It will do no good to urge
Germans to imitate, but to surpass, the
Russians in democracy.
, ""Tfao president's policy of supremfc pa-
isc with Russia implies supreme lm-
' frp&ince with German autocracy. The
s IMF friendship we hold out to the budding
.BpiWan government tho more relentless
wmmmK must we wircaicu lor us area-
fWtfeSIDEWTIAL TIMBEtt IN OUH
WINE MILLIONS?
.-.Y good Republican will want the
ftlMMBBrats, to put forward the best and
h (n their ranks for the gover-
'f!tat In always a, good means of
compelling tho nomination of n. worthy
candidate in a Stnto party so strongly In
trenched that It has allowed Its success to
bo endangered by factionalism. It would
bo folly for Republicans not to recognize
that In recent years tho Stato Democracy
has been led by men of greater distinction
than Sir. Penrose and tho Varcs. Theso
are times In which tho stern need of having
good government, administered by men
able to lead steadily In any possible crisis,
demands the priority of personality over
partisanship. Patriotism is thp keynote
of men's thoughts. It demands Governors
of presidential caliber.
New York and New Jersey have been
worthy of Governors who later went to the
White House. Is not Pennsylvania? Presi
dents have no dllllculty In finding Cabinet
members in Pennsylvania. Why can't wo
have tho biggest man in this State sent to
Hnrrlsburg and thence straight to Washington?
NOW YOU'RE TALKING, MU. 1IAKKU
rpiIN most vital polrt In Sccrclniy Halters
letter to Senator C'hambelaln, asking
that he be permitted to answer his oiltics
at a meeting of tho Senate Cummlttro on
SUIItnry Affairs. Is his tcqucst
That the tlm.- and place be fixed as to
enable all members of the Senate and the
HoU"o of Representatives who are so dis
posed to attend.
The Secretary of War facing tho whole
membership of Scnato and Mouse In Joint
sesMon, the Cabinet member making him
self rcspoiislblo to tho Congress, the sov
ereign body in which all tho power of the
I'tilteil States is lodged that Is the vvny to
fill the aching void In our governmental
sjstcm. It has been through tho lack of
Just this face to-faco debate between Cab
inet and Congress that most of tho quar
rels between the executive and legislative
branches have been kept going. This "min
isterial responsibility," whiili wo ntono
among democratic peoples laclt, should bo
tho corMstcnt practice at Washington,
beginning with Secretary Uakcr's appear
ance In Congress. That is the only way
the people can really learn what Wash
ington Is doing, who Is telling tho truth
and who the lies nt Washington. This Is
a practice which wo have demanded time
and again recently on this page.
What responsibility to Congress and tho
peoplfi has a Scnato or House committee'.'
Who cat cs what ho says in tho Star Cham
ber proceedings theso committees hold? Let
Mr. lial.cr face Congrcus and debate with
it ami then the country will soon llml out
whether ho deserves a vote of confidence or
of no conlldcnce.
KUINOUS PUBLIC POLICY
TX UXPLAINMNG the necessity for his
-- mandate ordering a general halt of in
dustry fur live il.ij a 1'uol Administrator
Gnrfleld said:
It Is worse thnn useless lo bend our
energies to more manufacturing when what
we h.ive alread.v manufactured lies at tide
water, congesting terminal fiu'lltles, jam
ming the railroad .vards and sldo tracks
for a long distance hnel: Into the country
No power on earth can move this freight
into the war zone where It Is needed, until
vie supply the ships with fuel. There are
(January 17) inn or these ships ut Hamp
ton Honda and 130 at New York.
Them Is no power on earth that can keep
American pioiluctlon nt Its maximum and
ship the entire pioduct through two ports
without constunt repetitions of tho conges
tion above Holed. The solution does nut
lio In cutting down production, but It does
lie in utilising nil the great poi ts of tho
Lountry.
Tho Pennsylvania Railroad points out
that tho export tonnage, excluding grain
and coal, handled by It In 1HI7 showed n
decrcaso of -101,000 tons via New York and
nu increase of 211.000 tons via Philadel
phia ns compared Willi 1010. That Is en
couraglng, but It merely emphasizes the
fact that prompt exporting can be brought
about only by generous employment of all
tho facilities available and that concentra
tion via New York Is ruinous public policy.
KAISEK KAIIL IN A IIUItltY
rpili: conciliatory tone of Austria's an-
swer to Mr. Wilson is at startling rl
ance with Germany's. So arc tho reports
of revolution in Austiia startling. And tho
retreat of Austrian forces nt tho crucial
point on tho Italian lino whero Krcncli
troops recently punished them severely Is
moro than disconcerting. It may bo that
wo can before long treat with an Austrian
Government with no doubt whatever as to
what It represents or for whom It speaks.
When Ilertllng opens his mouth tho
Kaiser speaks.
Hverjbodv knock tho "If" out of "thrift"
on February 3.
A Munitions Director by any other
name may work as well.
Ancient history: Why modem history
only began three jcars ago.
The Czar can "escape" as many times
as he likes eo long as ho escapes notice.
The New York newspapers go to two
cents today, and some of them are worth It.
The Colonel says that tho pacifists forced
the war. That Is because they were so used
to outraging common sense.
The Inhabitants of Tetrograd must have
a great supply of faith If they Imaglno that
what they are getting dally Is peace
Prussian militarism tells the German
people thev are to rule the world. And
autocratically refuses to let them rule them
selves !
SwaRgeV dressers who carn to wear
the new trench overcoats' "can get them from
Uncle Sam without a tailor's bill by drop
ping exemption pleas.
Wo wish Ambassador Naon good luck In
his living trip to Buenos Aires, lie goes to
tell his Government that It must either fight
Germany or do without his services.
It l thi habit of both the hyenaa and tho
tedbwri to prowl tn the nlcht. renni packer
Autobloxrnph)'.
Or, as the politicians construe It, to work
In the dark.
Sir, Ferris Is out of the Emergency Fleet
Corporation. It appears that his previous
employment got him Into a rather muddled
situation In regard to contracts. What the
shipping, policy of the nation needs Is a few
men who can "stay put"
Auatrla-IIuiurary and the United fltatri vir
tually acre not only on great principles or
new arranaement of the world after the war.
but our views apnroach on aeveral concrete,
peais queatlona.-Count Ciernln.
The barrier lo peaco Is Identical with
the cause of the war, namely, German mill,
larlain. . i
PENNYPACKER'S
MESSAGE OF 1905
Printed to Show His "Ripe
Thought ns to Needs and
Interests" of State
ri;NNir.('Ki;ii AiTomuniiAriti mi. on
ICcpwtahl. ISM. y I'ubllo Ledger t'ompnuyi
rpiIH Legislature met again In session on
January 3. 1905. Sly message to It nt this
lime I Insert here entire for the reason that
after two jcars of experience It reptesents
my ripe thought n-i to tho needs ond In
terests of the Commonwealth, nnd the
Judgment of my public work must hugely
depend upon its recommendations. Slany
of them, the constabulary. Greater Pitts
burgh, the apportionment notwithstanding
the Impracticable provisions of tho Consti
tution, the tax upon coal and others, havo
been accomplished. Some, like the excuse
of eminent domain only upon tho actual
ascertainment of the public need, the ap
plication of the law of ptibl'c nulsalico to
tiio habitual publication of falsehood, tho
extension of a park from the front of ths
Capitol In tho Susquehanna River, wait
thp further enlightenment of the people of
tho State.
SIHStAGi:.
Gentlemen: In his incense to the As
sembly, December . 1S03, tho Honorable
Thoirias McKcan. then Governor of this
State, said that Pcuiisvlvanln command
ed "general mliiiliutlon and respect for
the melioration of her penal code, for the
good fullh and puni-tualll.v of tier INcal
transactions, for her benevolent mid liter
ary institutions, for her encouragement
of public linpiovrmcnlN In roads nnd
Inland navigation, and fur the ardor mid
dls-lDlino r i,P1. milltli." and he milled,
"tho ppnttrardiicnl position and the polit
ical r.-nfc whii-b'we hold In the I'nlon
seem to ass'-n to us the patriotic task of
sptflnc n- "Minplo of virtue and indus
try of p-i iji- spirit ntul social harmony."
Alueh nt tins depiction of then existing
ciindi'lons may after the lapse of a ccn
tuiv be repeated with propilet.
The reports of Hie vallous depai tments,
which urn heiewllh submitted, show n
stnto of offuiis which ought to be veiy
gratlfving to the good people of the Com
monwealth, l-'or tho tlscnl vcar ending
Juno 1, 1001. the rcielpts of the Treasury
amounted to the sum of 511 .TSO.'i 10.7.1.
Hilling tho same period, the p.iMnontsj
for tile expenses of the Government were
$l9.!fifl.S!l.ll, leaving a balmier of ic
celpls over expenditures of :.S23,:mI.i;i
The moiie.vs In the Tieasiir.v mi the llrst
or June, 1904. were li;.Sul.(iti.3S. The
debt over and above the value of bonds
and cash In the sinking fund was on
Juno 1. 1903. $335..1u7.2l. and on June I,
1901. J232.S58.7ii. so that i iihslnntlall.v the
Commonwealth Is fiec ft mil debt. Dur
ing the same Uscal ear, there were ex
pended for tho support of tho schools
J;.013.72,Vr.S: In aid of the various hos
pitals and other charities uf the StHlc,
$2.913.3f.7.10; in relief of the counties in
tin- icbullding of bridges which had been
carried away b.v Hoods. $r,u I..15I .f.r.. nod
for tlie erection til the mw State Capitol
$1,000,000. It Is cirdH.ibh- that the Capi
tol, which npproai lies completion and
plomlses to be hi cvrr.v way suitable fur
the purposes Intruded and north) of the
Coniruonweilth. i being built for the rea
sonable Mini uf $1,.,." u,i0ii mid paid lor
out uf icvcnui'K. Whin we loflrct that
the Capitol of Slussai busctts cost $0.9SO,
i"3l.."9, paid for with moneys riilsed upon
bonds, and that the Capitol of New York
cost $H.2.-i,0s2.fi7. these llgmes ought
to in- very s.ttNfnctor. The Capitol
would be much Improved if there could
be secured an extrusion of tho present
somewhat limited mounds surrounding
it. Tho Ideal plan in m view would be
to connect with the city park b) open
ing from the front, say between South
and Sluie sticets, lo the liver. A sug
gestion which would perhaps lead to less
expense would be to secure the properties
in tlic iear on vvlinh for the most pait
are erected a poorer class of building.
The question Is vcrv much one vhlch
will have to be considered from the point
of v lew of the resources of the Stato.
Uridges and Charities
With inspect to the ehiilldlng or
count) bridges, I iccomiiiend that the
nuiount In be expended cai h vcar for
this purpose be llxed nt such a llguie usj
limy seem to the Legislature to be wise.
1 inter tlm law. ns It exDti at present,
there is no limitation to the sum which
Hie Hoard of Public Giuunds and llulld
lugs miiv be rn.tilrcil to expend in this
way, ami nt a time of the culucldcuce uf
great Hoods and diminished revenues, the
situation might lead to serious embar
rassment. If a cerluln piopyrtloii uf the
cost uf construction of the bridges were
left to tlie counties instead of tho whole
burden bclhg Imposed upon tho State,
they would have n substantial interest,
not onl) in making effurt to save tho
bridges from destruction, but also In tho
preservation of such of tho material as
tould bo utilized.
The subject of the charities aided by
the Statu Is one which ought to receivo
jour serious consideration. Tlie number
of hospitals, most of them doing much
to benefit sutlcrlng humanity in their
icspcctlve localities and worthy of sup
port, is continually Increasing and the
sums uppinprlated to them already reach
what in some other States would be ie
gaidcd as an enormous expenditure. If
tho Commonwealth Is to continue its
present policy of assistance, theie ouglit-e
to be some systematic and businesslike
method piovidcd. both for seeming In
formation as to the needs of tho Institu
tion and for supervising tho expenditure
of moneys contributed by the State, so
that It may be known that these funds
arc actually required and arc applied
without extravagance to tho purposes
for which the are Intended. It Is unfair
that tlie burden of Investigation should
bo Imposed upon the Committees upon
Appropilations of the Senate and House
to be completed during tho brief periods
of the sessions. No matter how long nnd
lato they labor at tho task, tho results In
tho nature of things must bo imperfect.
Tho time Is Insulllclcnt nnd only In
terested parties nppear before them.
The efforts of members to securo theso
appropriations for Institutions In tho dis
tricts they represent aro a hindrance to
and Inlet ferenco with general legisla
tion. A plan could bo adopted which
would not In any way interfere with tho
visitatorial powers of tlie Roaid of Chari
ties, and pel haps the most effective way
would bo to Incrcaso their puwers and
agencies.
Reducing Reports
An earnest effort has been made, In
which all the heads of departments have
participated, to reduce the bulk of tho
departmental leports, wlUch had gradu
ally grown to unwieldy pioporllons. ami
thus to reduce the expense of printing.
The repot t of the factory Inspector,
which In 1903 covered 1206 pages. In
1904 was reduced to 190 pages and gave
practically as much information. Tho
volume of laws for tho session of 1903
covered 661 pages, as compared with
1013 pages of laws for the preceding ses
sion. During the last year the expenses
for printing have been reduced to tho
extent of $107,168.44 from those of tho
year before, and to the lowest figure
with one exception In nlno years, not
withstanding a great Increase In publica
tion owing to tho increaso of departments
und the growth of public work. Tho
statute which regulates our public print
ing and established the existing sched
ules was passed In 1876, Since that tlmo
there havo been many changes in type
setting and the arts of typography and
lKiokblnding. Tho schedules are Inad
equate and obsolete, .Much of the work
necessarily done Is not provided for in
them', und, therefore. Is paid for at spe
cial rates. The last contract, awarded
CALAMITIES AND
SURVIVORSHIP LAW
Important Questions Which Fol
low Great Disasters Where En
tire Families Aro Wiped Out
By JOHN J. SULLIVAN, LL. I).
Author of "IVmmhanifi Dullness Law"
LONG after Halifax and Guatemala will
I havo lesunird former wus of life, long
after the w reeked buildings will have been
replaced, there will be some eonsenutnees of
tho recent calamities which will stilt continue
to afrtct tho lives nnd tho fortunes or the
survivors. One of these consequences, Involv
ing tho law of survivorship, is to bo found
In tho wako of nlmot every disaster which
causes widespread death.
Tho legal question thus raised presents
Itself when two or more members of tho
nime family perish together without evidence
s to which died first. .Suppose mi accident
eaues the death of a wcnlthv old man wlm
has been living with his son mid the latter'.i
wire. Suppose the sou and the daughter-Ill.
law die at or about the name time ns a
result or the same ueiiilent nnd leave i
I'liildieii. ir It enn bo proved that the son
survived his father b.v even. a fraction of a
second, provisions In the father's will hi
favor of the son will Inure In the benefit
of the son's estate Likewise. If the. father
died without a will the sou's shaio of Ml
father's estate tindor the Intestate lnvva
passes to the son's estnle. And If the svn'n
wife survived her husband by even a frac
tion of a second the share which she. If
still ullvc. could claim In her husband's eslnlo
would Inure to the benefit or her nun estate.
Perhaps the son bus made a will leaving
everything to his wire. So. probably, by
reason or Hie son surviving his fattier by a
few innmeuls nuil the sun's wifo nun Iv lug
him bv nu equally brief space of time a large
part, If not nil. of the old man's property
would pass to his il.iughter-ln-law's estate
and thence to her relatives.
lm the other hand. If tho survivorship
were the mher wav, altoiether different ie
suits would prnhahlv follow. That Is to say,
If the wife should din n moment before her
husband his etnie would lecelve nil or a
Urge portlnn of her piopeily. And If tho
son were "urvlved by his rather the kilter's
estaU would iceelve all or a large pirt of
the m V propcrtv. and thenee perhaps somo
distant -ouslns or the father Would get the
benefit . ' all tiiree estates.
Prom he foregoing It will be seen how
Important It Is In such cases to prov thn
fact of nil .Ivorshlp. Vast fortunes may bo
stnkeil upon Ihn determination as to whfther
husband suivlved wife or wifo survived
child i ." child survived parent.
Diluculties in Rcichlng Decisions
What principles me there to guide. In tim
decision uf sin h cases0 The enses involving
these principles have been decided In connec
tion with disaslers hi the past wheie mem
bers or the same fn'iillv have polished to
gether lit or about the same time. Thus tho
sinking or the French Unci 1,a liourgngne.
the Titanic nnd the I.ultanla piodnecd a
imp oT similar cases. Tlie Iroquois Theatlo
fire 111 Chicago, the Fall automobile accident
In France, the Johustnuii and the Galveston
Hoods, tlie San Fi.inclsco earthquake. Sir John
I'r.inklln'H Ill-fated expedition to the Arctic
regions, as well as various murders and mas
sacres, battles, the cullaphe of buildings, tv
phouus. volcanic eruptions and oilier devasta
ting nil Ihese have contributed to tho list
or cases which throw light on the prenont
legal situation In connection with the Halifax
Inn ror.
Tlie dlfllcultv which presents itself in iiifu-t
of tliese cases arises from tho fact that the
rcwltnesHCK to tlie "transaction" under In
qiiir.i are themselves engulfed in the common
disaster nnd do nut live to give their testi
lnnn.v. In manv such cases th onlv thing
known Is that several members or the samo
family havo polished together How. then,
can we declilo to distribute their estates?
There oie many old decisions under Hie
civil law which governs most Uurope.ui coun
tries made on tho basis pf certnln pn
suiuptlous of survivorship. For liiwluucc. If a
man and his wife viere drowned in n shlp
wicck. both being In tho pi line or lire, tho
Judges usually raised the uiigallant pre-'
sumption that the main would survive the re
i.inle. Hut ir It were proved th.it the hus
band was mi invalid mid unable t swim,
while tlm wire wan a piulolvpe of Mis-s lllg.l
Dorfner or Miss i 'lairc c;,ilB:in, no equally
uiigalluut presuuiptlQii would he raised that
the woman had contrived to keep alive after
her husband's death. Likewise there was a
presumption that a nerson In the pi line of
life would rurvlvc nu Inrant or nu aged per
son. Thus in u case where It appeared that
a mother mid her son were hanged on thn
samo gallows, the son was presumed to
have lived longer than Hie mother, because of
difference In nge und scv Needless to s.iy,
this presumption would hav )eblfi p, ,i'.
lect pi nof Unit n spark of lire rrinstlned In
the motliei after the son's death; but hi this,
ns In many other him s, no illicit pn.i.r vui.
available.
How Decisions Arc Mtulc
In Hngland. and In most of tho Slates of
tlie Union, including 1'cnns.vlvnni.i, no mich
presumptions arc raised. Tliat Is to t.iy, tho
l.i vv would not uibltrarily assume that tho
stronger victim of a common e.itastinpho
survived ono who was weaker, nf course,
our Judges udnilt dilcct proof of survivor
ship. For Instance, ir It is shown that it
father was woiklng at a point In a factory
wheie occurred a terrlblo explosion which
mii't have blown him to pieces and his son
wan seen staggering toward tho dooi of tho
samo building sliortl) heroin a second explo
sion, jou have direct proor or tho son's sui
v Ivorshlp.
How, then, do our courts decldo the ques
tion as to tho distribution or estates In tho
absence or any pi our of suivlvorshlp'.' Slm
plj by distributing the estate of each victim
or the samo disaster regardless or any claim
by the representatives or tho estates of other
victims. For example. It the executor of a
ton who perished- In the samo fire with his
father claims a share of the father's estate
for the benefit of tho sou's estate, this execu
tor must prove that the son actually surviveq
the father. If ho Is unable to piovu this, tlie
son's estate receives n-, Mia re of the de
ceased father's estate. This rule Is simpler
than the rule of the civil law concerning pi
suniptlous. Ilesldes, It Is lore likely to lead
to substantial justice, fur tho rule as to pie
suinptlons 'limy lead to tho passing of the
same fund through several estates and going
In tho end to the persons not related at all
to the decedent from whose estato the fund
originally arose.
four years ngo, was let nt a rale of
S8.0I per cent below tho schedules,
which Is nn absurdity. It is hoped the
legislation on this subject will bo re
vised. Tho Department of State Highways,
provided for by the act of April Hi. 1903,
has been organized In compliance ultli
tho terms of the act. and Is making sat
isfactory progress. There are at present
completed, under construction, and ap
pioachlng construction In foity-flvo
counties of tho Stato 147 42-100 miles of
roads. Reside the work dono by tho
State, a number of townships, under the
Incentive of tho example set before them,
havo themselves raised moneys and pro
ceeded to Improve their highways. Thus
in Deusalem township In the county of
Uucks, where tho Stnte constructed three
miles of the road, the township has added
ten miles more, constructed In accord
ance with the regulations of the depart
ment and under the supervision of tho
commissioner of highways. No such Im
pel tant work has been undertaken by tho
Commonwealth for many years. It means
much for tho practical welfare of tho
whole people. It ought to be pushed for
ward thoroughly and energetically.
Owing to tho lack of knowledge upon
tho part of .contractors, township und
county officials of the kinds of material
necessary, methods of construction nnd
plans of proceeding, personal attention
by a representative of the department is
iri most cases required. A larger force
would seem to bo demanded In this de
partment In order that the accomplish
ment of ltB objects may not bo retarded.
In (lis rontlnuatlon or the meaeace lo be printed
Monday, (Joternor PennMmcker louehea uun (be
forestry UliUlon, (he state library and the new
Capitol.
"YESSIR, THEY'D
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CONDUCT OF WAR
SETS CAPITAL AGOG
Uoosevclt in Washington and
.Stone and Chamberlain Speeches
Make Stirring Week
N"iin7 (oiifsyuml'tif l.iiiihttl fl.'f Viiiki
WASHINGTON. Jan. 23.
rpilH week Just closed lias been ono of tho
J busiest since Hie ileclarnlloii of viar. It
has been n sllrrlng week both ns to war
mill polltlcnl iiindltloiis. Senator Stone, or
Mlssouil, in;iy not have timed Ills nltucU
iion the Itepublli'im p.ut.v to rliliun in with
tho vlstt or Cnlourl Itnosevelt, but If he liad
plauiied it he could not have done mnro
to stir up n hoi mt's nest. Senator Stone
evidently did not please tho President so
much to hn pleased Colonel' llooscvclt and
the Uciiuhllcaii lenders.
The Ilcniui ratlc Senators did not relish his
spcci h either. Thev ncteil dining Its de
liver) as If they vt a bed he bad nut niailo It.
The Senator was spurred on. evidently, by
n few ltepublicaii attacks in the House upon
Jhe alleged partisan-hip of the Admlulstru
ll'in In making w r tippoiutlucut , but his
chief won- iremed lo urlse from the pub
llcation tn a MUsomi ueuspaper of editorial
articles illctateil by I'olonei Uoosevclt rc
llectlug upon Hie conduct of the war and
complaining of a lack oT preparedness.
The P.rpuhllcan Senators cheerfully ac
cepted the gauntlet thrown down by the
Missouri Senator and led by Senator Lodge,
of Massachusetts, and Senator Penrose, of
Pontis)lvanln, sat erect and Jubilant through
out tho entire proceedings. Pp to this point
i'olonei Uoosevclt appeared only as an inno
cent bystander ut whom thn Missouri Sen
ator silled his brickbats, llelore tho close of
the week there weie sumo Hepiibllenns who
were intimating that Senator Stone had ac
tually entered the lists fiom a desire to aid
the ltepublicaii party. There were others
equally facetious who suggested that the
Piesldent might now accede moro cheerfully
to Ihn desire of Colonel Uoosevclt to form
a division and go nhiond to light tho battles
of his country than he was when tho propo
sition was first advanced.
Tho Attack Upon Chamberlain
Tho President's attack upon Senator
Chamberlain, Democratic chairman of the
Military Affairs Cominltteo of tho Senate,
was an Incident of the smoldering illffcrencs
between the 'White llouso and the Senate
which found a vent through tho Stone
speech. Chamberlain Is a popular member
of the Semite, generally rcguidcil as capable,
sincere and lilgh-mlnded. Ho had shown
marked ability as tho head of tho Military
Affairs Committee.
Tho President's sviift reply to his New
York speech, therefore, was surprising to
both Democrats and Republicans. It was a
challenge from tho Whlto llouso more biting
than tho presidential characterization of
tho thirteen Senators who voted against war.
That Chamberlain would leply to It was a
foregone conclusion, und that ho did icply
beforo ono of the largest crowds that uver
attempted to occupy the Senate chamber on
Thursday last Is well known. Almost every
Senator was In Ills scat, tho gallciies vieie
crowded to suffocation and all available
standing room on tho Senate lloor was occu
pied by members of the llouso and other
privileged persons. ,
Taken with tho Stone-Iidge-l'enroso field
day tho Chamberlain Incident went far to
prove up nn netual dUferenco of opinion
between tho exceutlvo and tho legislative
branches of the Government which, In tho
midst of our war troubles, aro unfortunate,
to say tlie least. That Republicans havo been
dialing at tho bit for several months goes
without saying. They have not been con
suited by the President and havo "gono
along," feeling that they were placing so
great a responsibility upon the President ut
Ids own request as to Invite a conflict. That
tho Democrats themselves should open up
tho fight and so irrltato the White House
as to develop a breach was probably more
than they expected.
Roosevelt on the Scene
Hnter Colonel Uoosevclt! Willi such u.
storm approaching, a congressional cam
pulgr. dead ahead and a presidential cam
paign In the oiling, was It to lyj expected
that the Colonel shoultl keep out? Not much,
About the time Senator Stone made his an
nouncement that ho was going to tell tho
Republicans something, word came from
Oyster Bay that Colonel Koosevelt expected
to visit "Washington. Tho IIUlo birds had
been telling of xlsits to Oyster IJay by cer
tain members Of the House, who believed the
Republicans ought to "bo doing something."
In due course the Colonel arrived. In good
v -: .
ORTER GIT MORE 'PEP'
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spirits, strong nnd vlgoroiu ns ever, luit
wltli little or no 'pep" In his public utter
ances, of course, he Intended to visit his
daughter, Mis. Nicholas lnigwuith. anil. oT
course, lie would meet a number oT active
Uepiihllcaus while here. The Colonel gave
out the n. lines of a few uf the men be ilp
slieil to see. "Jhnm.v" lialllvun. defeated
Heniocratlc Ma)or for Huston, who had n
baseball iccoid nt Harvard; "Johuu.v" U.ier,
Hie cartoonist Congicssiu.ui of no partlculat
parly, who lloated Into CongrcsH fioin Nortli
I lakuta on Hie Farmers' Alliance platform;
theso mid a few olheis vvno I'lciillniieil
Hut tiio Colonel met many other Senators
nnd Congiessineii during Ills vlsll. Thc stiv
he talked piepaieilness lo the limit . Hint he
iiiged the creation of a ilep.iitmrut of imi
liltluns a proiosiliun whiili President Wil
son lejected -mid the Republican coureieuce,
vvjielbel they look the folunel'a cue or not.
concluded to ludoise Hie idea. It inlghl Ik
dividing icsponsililllly with tlie Piesldeht
for Hie cirors and shoitcomlugs of war
pieparnllons, but in the opinion of tiio iii.i
jnrltv it would lie '.'doing something." And
so the Colonel kept the ball lolling.
The consensus of opinion wllh icgaid to
Colonel Uoosevelt's visit Is that while he la
Tor immediate prepaiedness nnd a speeding
up or the wur. he Is also making due ulluw
nnccs fur 1912 mid nil iin'cerdlng polltlcnl
cnnillt luns, preparing to nerve notice that
Mr. Wilson, ir lie is a candidate, or Mr.
McAdoo, it liq becomes a candidate, will
have nt least one energetic opponent for
the presidential ikiiiiIii.i11oii.1ii Ifj-.'ii.
Drift in Colonel's Favor
There seems to be no doubt nbout tho
pill pose oT the r'olonel'n friends in the North
west, whole Uoosevclt was alwa.vs Mioug.
And for the tlmo being 110 other Republican
candidate being 111 sight, tlicio Is a fiercept
Ibie ill ift or Republican sentiment In Hie
Colonel's) favor. At the mino time there nro
many imfui giving Republicans, many who
icmember tho 1912 campaign, who question
whether even now Roosevelt could ho a win
ning candidate against tlie present Admin
Istiatlon. It Is pointed out th.it tremendous
power has been conferred upon thu Presi
dent, vvhkh, while lie may not exerclso It
directly, can ho skillfully utilised to his
political advantage b.v clever men who now
hold place III every branch of tho Govern
ment service.
Tho Liberty Iian lecturers, It Is recalled
as an Illustration, never failed in their pa
triotic utterances to extol tho President per
sonallya perfectly natural thing for nn
agent of tlie Government to do but still
very effective when reduced, even for pa
triotic purposes, to meetings nnd moving
picture shows all over tho country.
J. HASIPTON MOOItU.
Kr.ciiTiii:ii.Hii:sritniiiii.i.iiitii;sHii:iii:u.
hKIILN
A rrltmled Hnslluli officer vrbo was a prisoner
In CJeniiHny for several month beforn ho was
exchanged reports that ho saw- u plnrnrd buns up
In a German railway station bcarlns the folluHlng
notice-
Siieak Herman! Do not tio enemy lancujcel
"Adieu" l Trench: aay instead
llott heS(hut.e Dlih.
Holt n-cne nidi.
Auf vvledersehen.
Aur ImldlEeswleilerselien
Auf sehrbilldlcBwIfileraehen
Auf a In IterhthrrzlifcsfroliesLalJIjesHleJersehrn
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
Whlth U tlie nnnlen Slate?
Who Count von llerllln;?
llellue Itourbon In n iKillllnil senne.
What l salvia?"
When waa the Iteil Cross founded?
Nuiiif the Three Holy Khn.
What .nod why Is Hie sclrntinr name of ih.
spider?
Where la Monrovia?
What U a barometer?
Who Id Major General Croder?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
Henry tieorre, American rronomUt, mIio arlr
Inated the .hide-lav phllosophr, ' orlt
. I'nrnitall n rltr In Hallela. ol.Jeellie -e
aeveral alesea In Hie early period oi tt.L
war. "'"
, Tho llanluixal the relmlue fnmlly of In.
trla-lluninry. "' ,u-
W;hlniton 'lnr. vjrote "Knlelerboeker'a
lll.lory of New lork." ""
, A federation I" ru alliance, aomeltmea rlowlr
unlrlecl, of autonomoua or wnilautononioua
The tlreat l.akrai (lntarlo, !!, Mlchlrun
Huron nnd Kunerlor, ull,"Di
, l.olfl the aeleure of rraeonlnr.
A eonlfer Is h rone-bearlnc rvercreen free.
, A ""'' ' !)!?""$ ""rratlve iwin. u.ua'll
full of ucUon. Houietlmra a soni of ..!.
tlnient. '"
M.roi nt llrcel Kncll.h utatrsinaii and man
ri..,e,VT1 ''sf for Id. standard work."
"Tlie Holy lloiuun Kmpleo una ..Vh.
American Coium.mTenltli." - "
-'a-srw.-n-ccja avass- . t5g.---v-
SjSSSsS"?-.. S?-J"i-iriL
5 fTaasii-rtSfCTVrWaWVWH'V--
-.'"v.. . ?JR63HsSS1?3itK3SC-v
... - -.-,0 -q NiSJiJWaSSs5r'- ' i
Tfcg1''---" , -A
INTER THIS WAR!"
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I
The Village Poet ;
Wlicn fiction writers use it phrase their(
stories to cnhuiH'e,
I try to match it ti with ftxl whenever 3
I vc a c hatico.
An' yet I very seldom find that what'.
they sav is true ;
When htrollinii fortii on Chestnut street 1
to sec what news is new.
I'm strong for Isaac Marcosson, the eori-,
lidnnl of l;ini;s, 1
Who writes, so entertainingly of wnran'j
other tilings.
Hut, though the main essentials maybe1
righl, I scerg to fail i
To verify home ornaments lie puts upon!
his tale. '
He lately told 11 yum that was in many'
ways n beaut! '
liul pictuiintr the hero uf it, making al
salute, , ;
lie pullsj a funny phrase, on which 1
cannot ncip but pick: ,
Dcclarinp; that "he bronchi his heels lo-i
gothcr vvitli u click.
If I should tiike ii trip to camp -to Meade q
or bay, to Ui
Pcihnps I'd lind the cilioing air rever-'
bcrani will) clicks. :
Hut when I nolo, on Chestnut street,'
some military guy ,
Suluto n btiff superior who happens toj
go by .
I never hear his heels resound. An' if Iv
did. I swear.
I wouldn't feel that tort 0' thing would
get us anywhere. J
We've got to lick the Kaiser, an' we've1
got to do it quick;
We haven't time to bring "tho heels to
gether with 11 click."
Excuse me, Ike, for finding fault wiuV
anything you do
You know the admiration I have always'i
felt for you i
Hut if you don't believe that what I say
above is true,
Come stroll with mc on Chestnut street
to see what news is now.
TOM DALY.
ACORNS
Reing the Little Beginnings of SbmeJ
Worthy Timber
H
U WAS christened "Jonas, but he had?
to revise that later for reasons which
will appear. Whllo ho ivns n small boy ,
riimnl.illntr nn education 111 lll.it Institution '
vHilch has already furnished subjects for j
llils ileiinrtnienl mill Is lo furnish Still
moic ho took a fancy to navigation. The;!
fact that Stephen Olnird. bis iicneici'.j
was '11 mariner bad -11 good deal to '1
Willi this. Tlieio wasn't any sheet of waterl
In tho college grounds deeper than un occa-l
sloiial rain pool, but thero was n bilcf iep
turc-courso on navigation. When the !'
was graduated with tho class of '80 ;
turned his face at onco to tiio sen. Ho Uveas
with bis Bister. Mrs. Louis Goctz. vvlien he
was ashore, which was Infrequently, ;
for fourteen ycais sho didn't STO him at wi
lt was along about 1S03 or so that ho M-"
camo r full-fledged sea captain. We cn:
tell Just what it was that Isjosted him fro
tho forecastle to tho bridge, because n
doesn't brag, and nobody clso hcrcubouiv
t .1. r.l I- 1,l.i 1fi lim htieil IU -
tiio Un.clight enough lately, goodnciw noJi
Do you recall inui 1110 .sc-vbuuu - -
llrst passenger snip 10 go iuruuu ,
Panama Canal? Well, bo was hi commar.
,.. !. n-liA nn Wav ?K 1II1E. the Nebr&S
kan collided with tho largo type on '-l
front page or every American ne,oiiii - m
reason of having been torpedoed off the coMjl
of Ireland, Maybe you think lie was fc"'"l
or scared or something. Not a bit of "fl
He'fc still running the Him blockade M
regular as clockwork. Now that we're read
formally to present him lo. you, we inusa
cuplalu nbout that front name 01 ins, y"ii
he-went to sea ne lounu inat -jouua ..,---
sound cood abodrd shin, so:
Iadles and gentlemen, wo present Cspud"
John S. tlrefiie, first-class navigator ua
blockado runner! T A w.
Till! ll.-IIA-ll. (IP roKTUMI
Iluino Vortuno often make ua vus
For thouah shu unllr un Mint ut U9.
nnn aoea, inusou. nr urointr.
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fine iooriy id us 1:4 bv
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