TTTT .,;;" t n -' -yr'' f 'ff"Tj LV"; "- if. "'V) a ' . i i; ! " ." . '"1r-i-V -.' i". 'HB' '
rTr.'TTTUTTnTiTr.nrj.T4'17 DTTTT?ATYBrr."D'ErTA' TUTT'TXTr'ClT A V 5, .TA-VrTTA"t.v;.,1 . .AM' U&VAls.-.' i', - OF
I
mi
I
';'
1:
tH
iRtirbVERALLS IS .
?r ''HANDING
v - . 1 I I
Israeli 'Ch'eMitiy Getting Ready to Fill
Shoes o Men Dratted
Factories or
Uy M'LISS
Th American woman In nol set fully
(, snake to tho fact tliat tho nuloinobllo
I Indmtry offers her a Eource of lucratho
employment as we" a3 u chan- to d
ruv her patriotism In releasing a niuu
i for the front.
h She. lias boett contnt to run litr car.
!i Sho hant -named to understand u.
1 What need had rhotfor l.nowlnc the
1 difference between bevel gears and rnlral
rears, or cam cnaiis ana caruurcvorr,
when letting out the clutch and puchln?
a few buttons would ttnrt her. and
ihcjvlns In tho clutch and pushing a few
more buttons Mould stop her? And when
anything went wrong whut wero gaugca
and chaurtcura for?
"Cncle bam hJ3 decided thut oh lUlfeurs
nro juet as nlci for Uraf ting. If not nicer,
than other hicn "nrc. And thut, nruird
Inif to Howard tSross, Is tho thing that
Is going to w'jko tho women up
ilr, Oros3 Is tho Instructor In' tho
mechanical and electrical uutomobllo
rourfo at tho Spring Garden Inttttutu,
uhlch establishment has a cl isa for
women pupils who aro not content to
run their cirs vllhout tenoning tho whjs
and, wherefores.
Iho majority of them nro women
whose chauffeurs hao either been cUlcd
to the colors or because of their hnoul
edge of mechanics have been enabled to
get emplojment In war Industries at a
wage double that paid to chauffeurs.
Ona of tho women ttudents o a doctor
with a penchant for operating on me
chanical oh well as human engine.', und
.ceveral others nro franU'lti thelt uvuual
that they hopo to put their hnowlcdgo
to commerclil uso when their courro la
completed.
"There la no reason, however," Sir
Gross tald, "why eery womin who owns
a car chould not Know .is much about It
as tho mechanic to whom sho his to taho
It every tlmo something goes wrong
'Women will never succeed In the
automobile business until they do know
about their cars. They can t bo fcuc
cessful chauffeurs or drivers of trucks
with a niero superficial knowledge, nor
can they le successful talesmen with
out a knowledge of tho component parts
and their functions "
In the first class for women in this
city. Instructed by Mr. Gross nnd orgnn
Ized mora than a jear ago. Miss Letitla
JtcKlm and Miss Sophlo Norrls, of tho
motor messenger bervlce, learned to ad
minister first aid to cars that seemed
to bo gasping for tflelr cry lives Be
cause of their determination In master
I
i
ing tho technicalities of a motors in
fine, becauso they learned how to tuke do not wait for tho men to do this kind
car entirely npart and uassemblo It of work, but do It thcmelvcs, ap
agaln, theso joung women aro now cf- parcntly with coifldcrablo ease
flcient drivers In l'raiiee, doing leal '"lhop who maintain tint tho plusl-
"win, on.!.. hoi bib,ils uim cAJcriinmiig ,
iifai'iiduu mtuta. -mas iiannau Jiooart
atid'Ml's Margaret Henderson, of Brju
Mawr College, followed their example.
and now tna roriner, wlio Is a nurta
somewhere at tho front, Is of addition il
value lecauso of tier equipment, and tho
latter has also been accepted fop foreign
lervlco a3 a driver of tho ' blcsbcs "
Many of tho most ctilolcnt auto salcs-
.WE'RE PROUD OF THEM!
AND
ContlnuM from l'aco Iho '
arj', througji Jco unci snow, never, ouco
wouitu and tholr cars wcro at tho dls
has ono member "given in," and they
keep busy on .an avcrago twenty cara
each das . . v
Somo work, that! and I do not think
wa can nralso them enough. Poor
Eugenia dissatt, who' Ins driven a
Dodgo car, had it stolen Just lccentl
but they liavo not given up hope of
finding it. Ann Simpson, who with
her soven passenger Cadillac, had (ra
eled fourteen miles on tho loo on Mon
day, tho seventh, that fierce dar. camo
in to report whllo I talked with Iis. f
v right, feho is certainly umartlook-i
lngj
TAO 0U know ono thins -which
L' 'struck mo -very much, was tho
enthusiasm oC thoso women. "iou
know-, day in and diy out, to Keep to
hours from f till 0 vhcn ono docs
not liavo to earn money, to sit two
wholo dajs a week in that b.lg room
Miswcrlne questions and giving orders
and takliie utcount of all reports, as
Mrs. Thomas Elwjn, tho captain. Mis.
Wright, tho adjutant, and Mis. Mor
gan Churchman, tho .quartermaster,
do through each week is no merry
Jest! And they'ro Just as strong for
it na when they started it ijlno months
ago.'
AND
Aanc
thoso women ull havo iamllies
and homes to run, and they don't
neglect them cither. Thcio's Mrs.
nidgnay Rellly, with her "J'algo";
Helen Hell, 'wUoso car is a "Scrlpps
nooth," nnd numerous others. Mrs.
Charles Huckwaltor, who was dictat
ing tho lepirt to Mrs. Itcllly that
afternoon, and vho drives a beauty
of a ludson, was offering to tako
Homo of tho typewriting home to do
in tho evening.
UJtanor Baker, whoso Ilulclc car
may, often bo seen racing through tho
itroots is another ardent worker; and
Edna Champion, whoso car, a "llai
15," was outstdo wiien I camo in, had
been, busily at it all day.
fpiIEV offered their services to the
A 'visiting officers' of our allies, and
several of Uiq Englishmen who were
here told persons in Washington that
ho" 4 Philadelphia Motor Messenger
Bert lea was far better orgunUed than
f that in England, which has been go-
" since tuo beginning of tho war.
frpiicsn women haao established a
p co-operative bureau, it appears.
I' trotn Malno to Qcomla. with Phlladel-
18 Phla as a lieadquarters, among girls
jXho are membcts of tho Hed Cross
Ijand Navy League, and they lecelvo
'.(vTrs ironj neto and work hi relajs.
,-TUfaT think of It", they aro to have an
' U aniblllailt n nf llirit- nun In rpi rl a
: .th wounded v.hcn tficy i-oino tiu'd dc-
fioiUvtr them to tho nearest base lios-
K h ' . .' . V
JW, In iactl tho senlco Bcems ,to
in evtry alngle thing that women
' v'WWq rtiu cars cdiild possibly do. And
"l Ut rno tell joti 'Washington appreel;
iw-inini, ,
i The; best of It all is they are abso
."wy iHdepenatntr thev work for all
t Wniaillons, ijot ioahy oJne, and
. mway qiucn mora can oq uccoru
IKMixI ..i.,; :.v..V .mni..i
kM T-sfcaw ov; efficient
-HUN THE HOOK
From Automobile
Garages
men nnd chauffeurs aro within tho draft
age, Managers of talcs departments
and garages aro unanimous In tits belief
that tho next draft call will terlously
thin' out the profession. Herein lle-t
woman's opportunity,
"Women mal e good mechanics, ' Mr
Cross tald, 'despite tho fact that they
have never had any mechanical training
and start the course with a total Igno
rance of the subject. Many of them do
not even know how to use a monkey
wrench when they come here. But they
havo a passion for details und an Infinite
patience, nnd thoro traits aro essential
to the mechanic. .1 hae never jet met
j tho woman who, ufter caieful Instruc
tion, could not learn to diagnose a car's
trouble! and remedy them, or who
couldn't tako a car upurt nnd put It
together again and undorslind all ubout
tho buttery tests und tho Ignition Lii
doubtcdlv If tho war lasts much longer
thcro will be a call for women In the
autciobllo Industry."
Already women aro being used In
many of the electrical departments of
the auto factories, and according to Du
Bols Young. vlco president and works
manager of tho Hupp Motor Car Cor
poration, they are gradually bc'ng taken
on In nearly all of tho departments. The
response In every case lias not only
been tatlsfactory, but extremely gratl
fjlng. "Iivour rervlco repair shop," lie said,
"women weio set to work disassembling
Jobs Lent In for lepalr and Jobs turned
In for salvage Neatness and thorough
nets characterized their vroil; In this
department, and I bcllovo the workmen
would object to a return to tho old
order.
"Women havo not jet Invaded our
machine shop, but if Industrlil condi
tions cor 'nuo to develop along present
lines eel ilu machlnc-iop operation:
will bo Unmiifn's hands bpforo many
months, jjlherever an operation Is bun
dled by an automobllo midline often
times a woman can tako the place of a
man. This is not nlwajs true, for
vi hero one man on account of hlj tr lin
ing can tako caro of several midlines
two women would bo required to do tho
same work.
'In emergencies tint luvo arisen In
tho depigments where wo uro now cm
plovlng women, wo hive seen evidences
tint women aro capablo'ot doing much
heavier work thin Is commonly consid
ered within their powers. Wo havo men
of course, to do tho "heavier lifting, but
mam of tho women hi their iifiitiuUu..,
tui btunuirus oi women aro elgcncrat
Inff In theo modern dus should maud
somo 'tlmo In tho Hupmobllo factories
watching llu) women workers They arc
a stiong, huskj, wholesomo -tot, much
healthier In every way thai) tho men
they havo replaced. Absences and tardi
ness duo to lit health havo been reduced
to a minimum slnco women havo been
employed."
-SO IS THE NATION!
MRS, ARTHUR PEW
1 irbt lieutenant of the Molor
messenger service of tho Emer
gency Aid.
they aic: an ofllccr was mit licro
from Aashlngton who had novct been
licro before. Ho had many uddrcssej
amonc tils order?. 'W.eshliigtoii noti
fied headquarters of tho Molor Mes
scitfecr fccrvico licro, a member and
tier iaj- met tho ofllccr on tils univ.il
and took him wiercvcr ho wanted to
go and then back to tho station for
another train, und ho accomplished in
a halt day what would usuilly have
taken him two or three.
WASHINGTON speaks of them as
most cfllclont. and. liplinvo mp.
they are! And they sacrlflco things
with a capital H. AVhllo I was thcro
ono Messenger, who had been haid at
it all day, asked if tho Adjutant
thought if would mako anj difference
If sho changed her next day from
Tuesday to Wednesday that week, as
sho had several important personal
thing's to attend to. "I think ou had
better atop in in the morning and sec,"
said tho Adjutant. "We'll probably
bo ery busy tomouow." "Then I
won't change," said tho other. "I'll
mako my uffulrs wait," and without
a word off sho went to report.
THE membership for tho time being
is limited to about ZOO and cacti
applicant had to fill out a long blank
and answer questions and glvo two
names as reference beforo sho was
considered and accepted.
Tho organization consists of a cap
tain, Mr?. Thomas Klujn; an adju
tant, Mrf. Henry Prlco Wright; a
quartermaster, Mrs. Wain JHorganJ
Churchman; a tlrst lieutenant, Mrs.
Arthur Pew; and divisional lieutenants,
who include,Mrs. Gcorgo Dallas' Dixon,
Jr. (Philadelphia), Mtss Helen Dough,
crti (dermantovvn), Mrs. l'lorence III
vinus (Chestnut Hill), Mrs. Sydney
Thaver '(Main Line), Mis:. Madeleine
Asbury (Vork Iload) and Miss Mar
Mclntyro (Delawaro Count).
on;
JANUAltY S tho Motor Messen
gers had u wonderful meeting at
tho Bcllcvuo and tho captain was sur
prised by tho( presentation of tho col
ors by Colonel Rolfe, U. S. -A., In the
presence of Brigadier General L. T. L
Waller, U. S. M. C, and various others.
Don't make a mistake, as I did, and
think these women can't havo much
to 'do yet, as the war Is "over there."
Thyme's more than 'a plenty for them
to do here. And they da It: My hat
Ms off to ttjeni, NAOV OTOC J l
f '' JKi2'-v
.. V KV m. m KKmmMl i
K.yWFmtL-1
Finishing
A Few of the Finely Wrought Details
5
The Rocker Ann
JinUhinff touehta often con-
stitute tho difference be
tween a good painting and a
mnsterpiece.
FinishlnK touches throughout
the Cadillac mako it a World
Standaid.
For example, the little forged
Arms in the alve s.vstri are
used, not because they arc ab
solutely essential to the opera
tion of the car, but because they
reduce friction and resultinp;
wear, and aro a factor of
quietnets.
The Points
eUabilttif doubled equals
peaco of mind. Tuo sets of
K
contact points were introduced
by Cadillac and aro used in ths
Cadillac ignition system. They
givo long, dependable service
without attention.
Each set, made of twxgtten, ,
is complete in itself, but the use I
of two greatly adds to tho life I
of each. They share the cur
rent, and automatically "keep
in step."
The Rivet
Afoit Rivets come out of a
'' keg. The steel Rivets on
the Cadillac clutch aro special
Cadillac Rivets.
Ihe Cadillac Company manu
factures more than h million
of them a jear to exacting speci
fications. Each Rivet 13 held to the
limits of a Aafr's thiclcntte and
must pass the crnier calipers
of the inspector.
('
The Xokc
rphere, is an obscure little part
-. in a motor car known as tho
.Yoke,' It is 'such a Btnall detail
'c7' the brake rod connections
""that It is seemingly of rot much
, consequence,' ,i
's,For safety's sake, tle little
Yoke in the Cadillac is a fine
Btliforgiitg, ' It 'is machined
I toMimitf Jof m i.Kafr'B,, thickness,
I bo "tWf it will )t nietljj do its
work'".jtirion"eiho"user will
not even know it lfl there.
a
.. -&JL ;... ,Vjt. .
S
t
! AutomobMe
iMiiii,i.7rrfiMrTfei,ti .r ife'f-miatjT! -if rif i v -.iitt.fr 'mmmmidm
S
The Sccdlc
the Ncedlo sticks the car
stops. To insure tho free
movement of this Needle in tho
carburetor inlet valve, the
Cadillac supplements thorough
machine operations by "tumb
ling" each Needle, first in sand,
then in lampblack and water,
thus removing any microeoplc
unevenness. The point is after
wards ground to unusual ac
curacy. The fine-grained "meteor
tnefal" lends itself to n very
high polish.
The Bearing
Precwue ttones which bear
tho pinions of a fine watch
aro chosen to standards no
more exacting than Cadillac
Bearings. Tho Bearings with
which tho Cadillac engino is
jeweled are made entirely in
CadxUac shops.
The special bearing metal and
the heavy bronzo back aro in-'
separably bonded by threading
tho bronre before the bearing
metal is poured. "TVafer grird'
tng" gives tho Bearings their
nice finish.
The Bolt
ust a Bolt, but up to Cadillac
specifications. Every Bolt
and Nut is tested on a thread
gauge to mako sure that they
fit eacli other properly, and -will
not work loose, even after jears
of severe usage. The dimensions
of tho threads are held to tho
limits as fine as the finest hair.
No Cadillac part Is too small
or seemingly insignificant to re
ceive minute accuracy.
The Brake Pin
rr topping on a grade is hardly
Osafo unless every detail oMhe
braking ' system is thoroughly
dependable, c i
The Cadillac has taken what
might "be considered unnecessary
precautions. For example, a
small Pin imthe brake rod con
nections. The htat treatment of.,
this Pin insures long life and'
safety.
This unusual caro upon ao
called "rough parts" is typically
Cadillac.
l',' '
' m 'mm
BT "tMi
f0
144 NORTH BR;OAD
Y
The Valic
jyahe grinding ii often
thought of as a periodical
duty, hho having your chocs
tapped. Tho material and
workmanship of Cadillac Valves
give long life, with surprisingly
little attention.
Head and item are forged in
a single piece, with a high per
centage of tungsten, which re-i-ists
warping and pitting. The
dimensions are held true to
HmiU of hair-like fineness.
the Shatt
jpleien diameters m as many
" inches three thread and
three key operations dimen
sions held to limits as fine as
the fivo ten-thousandths part
of an inch (.0000) with these
characteristics tho Shaft for
tho fan is a symbol of Cadillac
workmanship upon parts which
are relatively unknown and un
appreciated by the average
user.
The Worm
A sturdy piece of metal, beau
" tifully tooled, is tho Worm
of tho Cadillac steering gear.
It is of better material than
necessary to meet actual re
quirements, longer than "neces
tary," of greater diameter than
"necessary," and finer workman
ship than "necessary."
It symbolizes Cadillac policy
of leaving nothing to the ele
ment of chance.
The Gear
,jll of the power plant drive
Si Is transmitted to the rear
wheels through tfie pinion Gcar",i
in the axle. ,
i
Accurate machine work, for
which Cadillac has established
""a World Standard, makes the '
Gear ijutef.
Fine material, a nickelsteej;
forging of the most tenacious
quality,insures continued. quiet-'
ntss after long, hard "years .of t
service. , ; t ,
.
! ..-.. y . .'
. '." V . '" lU
sales
d8P
iwt. 4 tt Aw
'"-.f- 1 " A
of the Eight-Cylinder
V-
The Cant Slide
inert tho Cadillac Cam Slide
(or alo push rod) in its
bushing, with no oil on cither
part. Hold jour thumb ov-pr ths
bushing's open end, and try to
lt the Slide drop out. It will
take approximately ten seconds
for enough air to enter between
the Slide and the walls of tho
bushing for gravity to pull tho
Slido its full length.
This is a Cadillac vacuum fit.
Quietness and long life are at
tained. The Doicel Pin
TJP to standard after jeara
-' of servico is the usual thing
in Cadillac cars. Tho cj Under
blocks pnd arlou8 cover plates
aro accurately positioned by
Dowel Pins, for all time.
In the event that one! of these
parts is removed, after long,
hard service, the mechanic, when
replacing it, cannot ary a
hair's breadtk from rigid Cadil
lac standards of assembly.
The Sector
j motorist must depcud upon
" his car to answer the wheel.
Ono of tho reasons for tho
reliability of Cadillac steering
is the olurdiness of the steering
Sector. Tooled from a cingU
forging of nickel steel, the Sec
tor can never become loose from
Ha shaft.
The shaft lias the unusual di
mension of one and threa
eighths inches, and five inches
of bearing length.
The Bushing
nice fit between the Bush
ings, and the shackle bolts of
A
the eprlngs Is one of tho reasons
' why u.Cadillac passes quietly
over .rough roads.
-Tie bore of these hard phos
' phor bronze Bushings is not al
lowed, ,to vary in excess of the
one prfe-tiousand'tt part of an
f4.; j.
They entail some extra time
and cost, but art) a factor of
quletneas, and add to tho life
of tho car.
i . ,:n ...
vivm
i oucnes
fess1
uprpo
ration
STREET
Vt,
aMMMMi
1 f --- fij
m it vi r, n-
Cadillac. Car
i
The Guide
An extra inch for the years
SI to come has been built into
the Guides, in which operate tho
Cadillac valves.
Friction between the valves
and their Guides is distributed
over four and ane-half inches
of bearing length, while less
would meet requirements.
Ths bore of each Guide la
held to the ono one-thousandth
part of an inch, making an ac
curate fit with the valve stem.
The Piston Pin
JTighty times per second is
- the approximate number of
times a piston stops and starts
at high speed in a motor car
engine.
If the Pin which joins piston
and connecting rod is not very
accurately fitted it will become
a source of noise. '
i
Tho three ten-thousandths
part of an inch is the maximum
variation allowed in the dia
meter of tho case-hardened
Cadillac Pins.
The Steering, Arm
jjs a link between the driver
" and tho road the Steering
Arm must be a piece of metal
to swear by. '
A small knob is forged on
Cadillac Arms, then removed
and examined by men who have,
an oye for fine metals.
This extraordinary precau
tion is a test for the required
silky texture of the nickel iteel,
and a check on the heat treat- '
vent.
The Spline
'jfhe grip of many steel teetlt
or Splines keeps ,th,o Cadil
lac frame'slrong and rigid, and
relieves the body of strains
.C..L 1J ..L. ' ... V- 1 i'
vwucu wuuiu uuicrvyisc oe crflns
mittod to it, '.
The ends of the tubular cross V
members are eplined and forced'
into the forged eidebar brackets
under great pres'sure, a unique'
Cadillac construction. Each
Spline helps to reduce weaving,,
uti (uuM icaii?.
I'
1
' 4.
il
'
M
r '..
5.'w
.r&'
n
m
i
n
Am
lr4j
IrjAJ
MP
r
ii
M
1 C.MJl
...
l"
J 'l"XiI
f3
H.
i" fti
fr k3
iKi W'l
t
':
4'llf
''
l;ll
t
h
A
l!
' 1 I
...J
iiy
.- SI
i
XWi
I
J.V
''
Wi
m
th";i
l' v.J
u
"ti
T W
m
-h''
'Vff-
r
-fl
r'i'
U lilt
'r'l" iv
f.
i
K
i1
'.1
)
J'
, W
1!
i: i
M
P:
ti'i "
ni
VI
"'Ii
'V
it
-im
MftV
; iA
w ",u
; 2.-.Ki
1 7
ji if.
., i a SIM
,' ,J.h
sBs
r- f nv'
kt
.'
M
s
zr
?t
BkZSjI ih itr