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bhBP Mmutr ura Treneureri Fill II B.
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ditoiwal board i
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- 'i rdia &VUAU.. .!.... ..82 Ilu Loula la Oraml
in AMNiuujv ffDaaAU..........iart'rmi l
SUBSCRIPTION TERMS
Brasmte Pratio LrnxJia la oerv4 to eub-
la hnadalbta and eurroundtns towna
rate of twelve (12) centa per . parable
WTHT.
U4I to POBtS OUieiao or 1-niiaaaiD'ii. in
totted StatesT Canada or United 8tas poa.
.ataa- trmm. eiftr (SOFeanta or month.
oilam par roar, parabUIn advance,
foreign countries on (II) dollar par
ihaornnra wtahbia? nddreaa ehanioa
old M wail as new eddreie.
MM WALNUT XEYSTOXK. MAW MM
WAMtom oil remmmloattona to Evmlnff PabHo
Ilir. axupmdme Sowar, PMIoxfeloMa.
AT tsm rsruzmirniA row omes ai
mm cull KtL wiTTaa.
Mlaa'elpkla.Totad'ir. December II, HIT
SHALL UNCLE SAM JOLT THE
THROTTLE?
TTIX DO sot believe that the President
1 contemplates government ownorshlp ot
the) railroads at this time. Ho and the rest
of the country have been Impressed, how
ver, by the obvious failuro of our boasted
transportation system to measure up to
the exigencies ot tho existing crisis. It Is
m failure. It appears, of terminals as much
as equipment. For years experts have
been preaching that terminals constitute
the heart of tho distribution problem. But
jto arguments under the sun could convtneo
powerful railroad leaders that barging
freight around Now York harbor was costly
and destructive ot efficiency. They had It
firmly fixed in their heads that tho nation
revolved around the port of Now York, tho
greatest ot all competltlvo points. Ono of
the most valuablo public servants Philadel
phia ever had. a private citizen, lost his
fortune, his health and probably his lifo
In a vain effort to mako the railroads
ee the importance of being fair to them
"selves by being fair to Philadelphia, What
Philadelphia suffered, Baltlmoro suffered
and Norfolk and all tho seaports along the
coast. Boston tried to meet tho situation,
and did meet It by building terminals of her
own, as did New Orleans, and Philadelphia
has been compelled to turn to municipal
wharves for relief.
The railroads, nevertheless, havo not
been entirely at fault. They wcro harassed
by all sorts of ridiculous Inhibitions. They
Ik S, BB1 t
fiSW
r Srisr
i'S w.
isVi "were deprived of the right to own their
own ships and oner a through service from
any Interior point to any foreign port.
They were, subjected to all sorts of hard
ships by different Stato commissions. They
found their efforts to co-ordtnato blocked
by ah antagonistic! national policy. They
got to the point where railroad financing
was a herculean task. They had to skimp
on upkeep, and they did not btvo the
money with which to. buy now equipment
and meet the increasing demands ot busi
ness. Besides, there was an abundance
ot empty cars In tho lean years preceding
the war, and It did not occur to anybody
mat tnero would do such an enormous
revival of business as tho nation has wit
nessed. The contrary was anticipated.
It may be necessary for tho Government
to administer tho roads. Thero would bo
nothing novel In that, for virtually every
.business In the nation, from steel-making
to pig-kllllng, Is already under virtual Gov
ernment control. Moreover, the grip of
Washington will tighten as tho war goes
on. But ownership and control during war
times are different things. The credit ot
$L; the country is needed to finance our armies;
v, we can talk of buying railroads when tho
J-f ;y Kaiser is out of Franco.
iik Tne PresIdent is a firm believer in tho
', ' aUthorltV nf Tltlhltr; nnlnlnn IT. ...nlu nn
f "ft ' ' """"' ow"l'
9-!3Aar tin imkum-ii ..n.4tnnt .. t.ii. .
'- ; ' vwam.; iftUIWl flUbiUJIl WHICH fljl-
-Utjtred requisite to win the war, having
,'M JUncoln to guide hlra in that course, but gov-
t-nTiernment ownership of railroads involves bo
: yvltal a change In our previous concepts ot
?j;raocratlo government that It may bo
. ; swuDiea u no wouia movo in tlmt direction
'-. lr 1 rOt.1ff A .n.nlfl. mn.ilnl. . .1..
-;, ....mwwi. BVW.1WW nmuuaio 11UJ11 lue PCOPlC.
j, j naa no uuen nimiaaio now, Decauso tho
'. "iseue has never been fought out at the
"'foils. The public Is quite ready to sane-
jjYtlOB. almost any temporary expedient to
promote war efficiency, but It dislikes the
llaBUoTuratton of Irrevocable national poll-
by executive edict. The Emancipation
reclamation was a war measure which
Mtvclt at the very heart of the enemy.
;kt the Issue of government ownership of
jsallroads Is not Involved In the present
atruggle to preserve civilization.
"Tha rflllrniM nrnhlem la .....11.11..
t .----- -.. ... ..aecitiiaiijr ono
ervlce. If we get that. Incidental prob-
r Vaasiwill solye themselves.
W.
- HcAOOO AT THE LEAGUE
Union League was founded as a
: flsMUenge to enemies of the Union, The
of the Union are not now in th
party which happens to dominate
.Oeyerament. but live on foreign soil,
m nr isroo ana one-nair years the
rsasyea. every artifice ot deviltry to
'U the rorcea of freedom and
IT,, for. an attack on the United
itS.
I J, w.
has been exposed and we
IJa'JdOM. In the prosecution
rijrrfat campaigns of
M la; taHMM-Unt. that; ail
:'yWJn
tA'H
,. i 10 ' ,
nV "
(tosarir. We
etsjratHlete the Utuoa League on Use pa.
monsm manifested In the breaking of its
precedents, when, last night, for the first
time In Its history, It entertained as Its
guest of honor a Democrat, the Secretary
of the Treasury, forgetting his politics and
knowing him only as a man who Is de
voting his abilities to the one great purpose
of winning the war.
"BOOZE- GET3 A WALLOP
TT WOULD be folly to underestimate the
"Importance of the voto in tho House
proposing to the States ratification of a
national prohibition amendment. Tho enor
mous spiritual revival of the lost few years,
which has steadily been capitalized by those
who bollovo in morality through legislation,
is clearly revealed in tho present situation.
The strength of the prohibition wave has
been augmented also by economic pressure.
Business divorced "booze" years ago.
Wo predict somo amazing campaigns
during the next six years. Tho proposed
amendment starts with a big following.
A failure to ratify by thirteen States will
bo sufficient to kill tho proposal. Every
doubtful Commonwealth will bo mado a
battleground, and Into every ono of them
will bo poured tho heavy artillery of tho
Prohibitionists. There will be no let-up in
tho fight so long as tho amendment Is short
of tho requtslto ratification by three-fourths
of tho States. Tho press will run riot with
charges and counter-charges and much
money will pass over tho dam before tho
mills stop working.
The liquor Interests can thank their
vicious nlllanccs with corrupt politicians
for the dilemma In which they find them
selves. It tho beer and light wlno interests
intend to mako a fight they can make it
best In tho open. Corruption Is beginning
to bo a suro loser In American politics.
WE WANT COAL
PENNSYLVANIA Is tho coal reservoir ot
tho Union. Tho scarcity In this city,
which was foreseen months ago, now
threatens Industry. It had already caused
Intense suffering among tho poor. Tho sit
uation is Intolerablo and docs not permit
of argument. Let tho hoarders bo sent to
Jail, where they belong, but let tho blun
derers. It thero nro any, go with them. Wo
Want no moro excuses. Wo want coal.
TUNNEL OR BRIDGE?.
Tho chief reason why business men wilt
follow General Goethals In favoring a Hud
son tunnel for vehicles Is tho cost. ll'.'.OOO,
000. That Is less than tho cost ot land for
tho Manhattan Bridge terminals alone. 1
Now York World,
WD ASSUME that the Delawaro can
not bo an everlasting barrier between
Philadelphia and Camden. Commerco will
go cither over tho river or under It.
Plans havo been drawn for a brldgo and It
may bo that this form ot construction,
rlesplto tho great cost, la desirable: but cer
tainly no deflnlto decision should bo mado
until a tunnel project has been fully con
sidered. It is not good business, in any
event, to permit New York to shoot any
moro direct arteries into Jersey beforo wo
establish ono of our own.
GERMANY'S "ECUMENICAL
CONSCIENCE"
WHEN Prince 3Iax of linden calls for an
"ecumenical conscience" 1io means
that Germany must pretend to bo In sym
pathy with tho Ideals which in ono form
or unother aio becoming the dominant
characteristic of all tho civilized people
of earth.
Democracy Is dlffuhlve. It is elementally
centrifugal as opposed to tho centralizing,
centripetal movements of autocracy. I3ut
It Is all for 0110 and ono for all when a
crisis such as war comes. If Germany,
however, can persuade tho rest ot tho world
that It has an "ecumenical conscience,"
whercforo no real crlsl3 exists, and can
tlui3 lull democracy Into its normal state,
dCHtroylng Its unanimity ot design, it can
v. In tho war.
But It Is going to bo hard to convince
America that tho consolenco ot German
leadership Is ecumenical when America is
already convinced that German leadership
hasn't any conscience at all.
When farmers soldier who will
farm?
Wo do not know who Is getting tho
coal, but wo are not.
It tho Germans get Venice no doubt
they'll deport tho gondolas.
A man may havo brains, but he
does not show It when he neglects his
health.
If lco wcro a political Issue they'd
bo telling us thero was noiio on tho side
walks. If railroad employes want more
money they've got nothing on tho railroads
they want It, too.
A lot of Ice can float In tho
ware, but there's never so much a
channel Is not thero also.
Dela
clear Maybe Philadelphia Is too close to
the coal fields to get coal. The best oranges
are seldom on sale In Florida.
A deserter has been sentenced to
twenty years in prison. He ought to be
thankful that he was not sent promptly to
tho place the Kaiser came from.
-The Government is about to con
struct additional munition plants, to the
value ot $90,000,000, it is announced.
American sufficiency will put German ef
ficiency to rout yet.
Will the Kaiser demand in Ala
Christmas peace proposal that Jerusalem
bo returned to tho Turks? The question
Is an Interesting one for his deluded fol
lowers to contemplate.
1 Shipbuilding In Increasing above ship
losses and the destruction ot submarines is
Increasing. Sir Erlo Geddes.
There Is ono thing to be very thank
ful for. Not for this reassuring statement
of Sir Eric's the more the merrier of such
statements of course but for the fact
that we have passed the stage when offi
cialdom thought It had to put a twjut of
"psychological effect" into every remark
made on U-boata, We can bear to hear
the, truth' now, when It is bad, ana eyaa
::til6cato'iBt)o
-
1UGIN 2ND WORK
OP THE RED CROSS
nericn Responsible for Civilian
telief of Great Society for
Humanitarianism in War
who founded the Red Cross and nine
eraons out ot ten will reply confidently
"'nee. Nightingale." As a matter of fact
,hable English woman and philanthropist,
'ed at tho age of ninety In 110, as
fu" honors and good deeds as of years,
did
found the great world organization
wnoslsslon of mercy has been to alleviate
tho g.i,ardshlps and horrors of the battle
field.
1 Nightingale's work In the Crimean
ar, i.v.r nr.n.red tho, wftv b v Its streis
on huntartgn ldea,9 anfl ,ta practical aem
onstrat, that the alter.ten.0rs of battle
could bUevlaled by organized and sclen
tlflo mctg
The Inti,,,, 0j a noi,e American woman
compllrae, y,, of y,,, neS Cross So.
clety, asen condueted, in applying Its
princlplesj extending its aid in civilian
relief In a Dt ca)amtyi pestilence and
famine. 1 waa CIara Bart0n, born tho
year after ,8 Nightingale and surviving
her by two Th8 ncd Cros3 branches
In all countl signatory to the Convention
of Geneva n rcgpond beneficently at the
call of distress , war and peaco.
Florence Nl,neale was earIy interested
In nursing and,pltal conditions. Frightful
conditions amc ths wounuea in previous
wars roused hc,ty and at th8 outbrea1t of
tho Crimean Win 18B4 Ell8 determined to
put Into practict0 thoorlcs which had de
veloped In her m during an apprenticeship
served In nurslntu tll0 Sster3 0f Saint
Vincent de Paul I,ar9 and at o,. Kaisers-
wcrth Institution c,0 nhlne. She organized
a hospital departing gcutarl, the eminent
success of which i,ed tll9 justice of her
claim that war was,nec(!ssariy cruci ami
which gavo har wwIdo fam8- During
tho Civil War In thls.n,ry and the Franco
Prussian war slto w.rrenu,ontjjP consulted
by tho authorities an.cndered substantial
aid. At the closo of tl7rlmean -5vnr a tcs
tlmonial fund of $:60, wag tendered her,
which M10 Immediately atcd tor tlle foumi.
Ing of tho Nightingale 110 0f St. Thomas
Hospital, London, for t training of war
nurses.
Dunant's Pcct
Her humanitarian ldeahlci;ed by extra
ordinary emelency mado twrM recepUvo
for tho project of Jean nrl Dunant, a
philanthropic citizen of Swlrian( u0 wa3
present at the Battle of So.,no 'Jun0 2i
1859, and witnessed tho cno,, suffering.
Hetually unnecessary, duo to, inability of
tho regular surgical corps to,pe ivitli do
mamls mado on It. Limited 'lumbers and
not well organized or provld.wli1 facili
ties, tho doctors and nurses od not car0
properly for the thousands of nd0(r ns
observations and his knowledge- tho Ideais
of mercy, turned Into reality Florence
Nightingale, led to the writing un you.
enlr de Solferlno," In which ha-ophlcally
described tho horrors that had .cted his
eyo and stirred his pity. Ilut Ita3 moro
than a medley of horrors ; it was ijnstruc
tlvn document.
Dunant suggested that all nat!on,rm t0.
cletles for tho training of nurses art10 ac
cumulation of supplies for lmmece E0
on the outbreak of futuro wars. , waa
really tho forerunner ot "preparcdnt" His
proposal was cordially received by , So
ciety ot Public Utility of Geneva, .h'lcu
started an agitation that led to an lrna
tlor.al conference, October, J863, follo ty
another In August ot tho following yeaiom.
posed ot authorized diplomatic repre,ta.
tles of sixteen nations.
Tho Geneva Convention, signed Augunn
1S64, was tho fruit of the conferences. '
Ueneva Convention, which has uecoma
part of international law by tho accepU0
of tho original and later signatory natU
makes no provision for the organization
know as the Hed Cross, contrary to us
belief. The first conference, however, form
lalcd an agreement that each country wUU
signed the convention should have a natlonJ
society, civil In nature and functions, to b
vested with the sole right to authorize tin dent in defending this Union against the as
dlspatch of a surgical corps and to establish saults of men who wero doing nil In their
field hospitals In case of wars. Fourteen P'er to destroy tho greatest Republic that
nations ratified the convention Immediately the Almighty ever permitted man to create."
and tho number of signatories Is now close
to fifty, virtually the entire world being rep
resented. It Is this universal acceptance of
Its mission" of mercy that has given tho Red
Cross recognized standing In International
law. Its operations were first put to test
in tha Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71.
Naval Warfare
This conflict, however, by Its disturbance
ot peace conditions, militated against Inclu
sion of additional powers and responsibilities.
In 1S6D tho first international Red Cross con
ferenco met In Paris to mako revisions found
desirable and necessary out of experience. It
proposed several supplementary articles. In
cluding tho extension of Red Cross principles
to naval warfare. These were formally pro
posed to the signatories by a diplomatic con
gress at Geneva In 1870, but wero never
binding, as the Prussian drive Into France
prevented ratification. Tho Hague Peace
Conference of 1891) finally brought naval war
faro Into the scope of the Red Cross. Other
subjects have been discussed at the quin
quennial conferences In various capitals. The
relation of the Red Cross to army organiza
tion has been worked out, and measures taken
to Impress on tho soldier the meaning of the
inslgnlum and the necessity of respecting It.
One of the chief subjects, of discussion was
of methods for preventing abuse of the emblem
In cloaking hostile designs ; this came up
particularly at tho time of the Boer War.
Amplification of scope has been blocked by
the fact that the conferences cannot make
their recommendations mandatory. To be
written Into International law they must be
ratified by all the signatory nations. The
various national committees or "societies" are
not Internationally linked, but the ono at
Geneva Is accepted as the central body in
matters of announcing policy and conducting
International negotiations.
The American Red Cross
The American National. Red Cross Society
was formed In 1881 by Clara Barton, long
a humanitarian and with a glowing record as
a Civil War nurse. The United States rati
fled the Geneva Convention the next year.
Miss Barton made the suggestion that the
organization use its offices for 'remedial and
relief work in peacetime emergencies and the
Innovation was welcomed by "the interna
tional." Among the crises in which the Amer
ican Bed Cross performed notable work were
the Michigan fires of 1881, the Florida yel
low fever ot 1888, the Johnstown flood of
1889, the Russian famine of 1891-93, the
South Carolina tidal wave of 1898, the Ar
menian massacres ot 1898, the Spanish recon
centrado system of 1897-98, the Galveston
tidal wave ot 1900, the Mont. Pelee eruption
of 1902, and the San Francisco earthquake
and fire of 1906. Many disasters of great
distress but less magnitude have 'been re
lieved. The American National Bed Cross was In
corporated by Congress In 1905 with .head
quarters In Washington, It Is supported by
numerous loeal chapters. The President of
tho United States is ex-offlclo Its president.
Miss Barton was the active head during her
long life. Former President Taft Is tha pres
ent chairman of the central committee, con
sisting of philanthropists, financiers, states
men, surgeons, physicians, aoclal workers and
assigned army and navy officers. Henry p,
Davison, ot the firm of J, I. Morgan & Co,,
is the general executive in the present war.
The director general of military relief Is
Colonel jerrerson it. tvean. The director gen
eral of civilian relief Is Ernest P, Blcknell,
Til (vrasldent of tha International Red Cress
.! OlwUve A4or, of aeneya, aiwltivtand.
i - . . " W.-W .If...
'feigb
PATRIOTfC EPOCH
AT UNION LEAGUE
Reception to Secretary McAdoo
Adda Scope to Organiza
tion Purposes
THE HONORS paid to Secretary of the
Treasury McAdoo at the Union Xieague
last night would make clear to us that some
thing Is happening In this country to break
down partisan prejudices, even If we had
failed to notice other signs atl around us.
It's an unusual thing for a Democrat to be
permitted to eat a square meal to the ac
companiment of music and tho approving
murmurs of the assembled members of that
great Republican Institution. It seemed to
us when wo first heard of It that a remark
able precedent was being established, and
we started out to learn if we were right In
our surmise.
We ourself recall a famous dinner In the
old banquet hall of the League when the
Confederate General Longstrcet was a guest
and a speaker, but he was not odlclally "the
guest of honor of tho League," as the Secre
tary of tho Treasury was last night. We
weren't able yesterday to find o single mem
ber who could lay a specific linger upon any
Democratic name previously so honored.
Indeed, It was difficult to find any one
willing to ma1 any positive statement be
yond tho boast that Union League dinners
are always superb and that no other or
ganization In this city has held Its own
hospitable roof over bo many. Which Is
very likely tho truth.
In the course ot a fairly long life about
town we havo attended dinners thero which
left upon us deeper Impress than most others
wo recall.
But It is hard to get a bon vlvant to stick
to details. The man who has had tho privi
lege of attending but one big banquet In all
his poor, narrow life and that a quarter ot
a century ago will be able to describe for
you the sort ot knlfo his peas rolled off,
but a Union Leaguer's memories are too
numerous to coagulate properly and promptly.
Tho Quest for Detalrs
Wo ourselves were not present at the great
dinner to General Grant when ho camo back
from his tour of the world In 1879, to yes
terday wo Invited Colonel Louis Kolb to ask
us to luncheon at tho League, that we might
g.ither homo first-hand gossip from old
members who had been present.
"Vcs," said one. "I was at that dinner,
but I don't remember much about it. But Bill
Koandt-o could tell you."
Dili had Just passed down tho corridor and
wo toddled after him and caught him. But
Bill couldn't remember anything except that
Grant probably Fjwkc. "However," said he,
"Colonel Blank's over In tho reading room
and ho suro known all about It."
Wo found tho genial old gentleman and
poured n question Into his car trumpet. Ho
brightened up. "I'm ashamed to confess It,"
ho bald, "but thero was a flro Just around
tho corner that night, tho Central Theatre, I
think, nnd a lot of us ran out to it. I was
ono and I don't remember much about tho
dinner."
Thero arc In this town a number of men
who perfectly recall that dinner, no doubt,
but tho memory of no Leaguer with whom
wo talked yesterday traveled, wftli any cer
tainty, further than our own recollection of
less ancient functions.
The League's Crown of Crowns
We remember the flurry of excitement that
rippled through tho town when thero was
talk Idlo talk of tho Union League's offer
ing a reception to President Cleveland at
a period of his first administration, when his
popularity arose high enough almost to war
rant tho overlooking of his political faith.
And no ono could add to our own recollection
of tho reception to LI Hung Chang In tho
fall of 189C, when for once somebody's, foot
slipped and more guests wcro admitted to
the clubhouso than could bo accommodated
with the wonted dignity of tho houhe.
But tho most Important function over held
In tho Leaguo occurred on Founders' Day,
November 24, 1D00. when at a banquet In tho
old hall on tho second door wero gnthcroi.
together tho President of the United States
and the cntlro Cabinet, to say nothing of
Vice President-elect Theodore Roosevelt and
many Senators and Congressmen.
Joseph O. Darlington waB then president
of the Union League. In his opening Hddrcss
he said:
"The Union Lcaguo of Philadelphia was
rounded and organized for the specific pur
poso of 'fostering and promoting tho lovo of
republican government' and aiding In the
preservation of tho Union of the United
States, and to this end assisting the Presl.
which Is a sentiment that might have been
ot Inappropriately repeated In explanation
last night meeting. Hut upon that occa
on, when tho League was for tho moment
s seat of tho Government of the Republic,
io was no danger of assault from without,
J even from tho hungry Democrats who
'I Just felt again the somewhat accus
t'ed sting ot defeat.
resident MoKlnloy spoke with his accus
to,d grace, but tho Vice president-elect, as
weecollect .It, was tho orator of tho eve-nlf-unless
ho might havo been said to share
tnadistlnctlon with Senator Henry Cabot
Loc,
A,r the dinner tho President and all his
dlsUulshed retinue stepped down from tho
banc,t room to the first floor and received
the r-nbers of the League who were unablo
to cnd into the comparatively small ban
nuet i.
The. and then was held tho greatest Re
publlci jovefeast this city ever sheltered.
But la night's function, considering all it
means ,r broad patriotism, was the biggest
thing j League has ever seen.
MISNDERSTANDING WILSON
In thAmerlcan press and to a smaller
extent i American publlo opinion there
contlnueso be a truly extraordinary blind
"f 'o ' scope and meaning of President
Wilson a r policy. The newspapers, with a
few honor,iB exceptions such as the New
"" Sun -d the Philadelphia Ledger, have
interpreted is message as virtually identical
In meaning ith Clemenceau's recent procla
mation thatse Allies' only war aim Is vie
tory. They lVe Ignored, as they did In the
case of his atver to the Pope, but with less
excuse, his obous policy of seeking to pro
mote victory I restating war alms, to the
achievement of,hlch a dechlve military vie
tory might help,ut is not indispensable. The
opposition betwn clemenceau's diplomacy
and that of the-res!dent Is sharp and ir
reconcilable, and is further emphasized by
the French Preier'a repudiation of the
American progran, international organlza
tlon. Americans We every reason to rec
ognlze this differ and to congratulate
themselves on the Uude assumed by their
own leader. He lsntrihnfin. . .u. .....
S"",,?'J,l?f.l?.Tn' y "t Wea'
which are. Indeed, tl
common, possession of
iV?$Il'h but Which
Uv.u... - ...., .-. America than to other
countries, because the. are rooted In Am".
Cai'..,",gr."I)1lcal det?"nent and the better
RaHte P0llcy.-lNevv
JOHN BULIS5TOICISM
The British flag, now te 0Ver th iri
City in symbol ot qbrUaJ trtBph wr
the Turk, has been Very,,,,,,, m evidence
during the progress of the Te.ent war. ThJ
Englishman is not given demonstrat'on
of his feelings at any time. -t VTad ft?rn?S
The jubilant ebullience of Peking was not
typical, but symptomatic UnBuH v?
merely for the nonce akenW his ruard
The celebration ot the viotorw ,h. smm.
was more to his national; liking T.
eager to place on record InVceEbra!
tlon of the great drive, romei3ed m!
down the Strand, notebook !n and To hi.
surprise not a flag, not a strl, of' buntlni
was to be aeen Londen bad filed to show
any outward sign of the tremndous emo
tions which he knew lay Underthe surfaX.
ot things. Sorrowfully, he wenij hfs wav
back to Fleet street, when-oljoi ! hi
.ye caught sight of a flag flutttin.- in ti,.
Er.LLia"i - "
fib
".'
C -LOt
THE VOICE OF
THE PEOPLE
Problem of the Railroads Urges
Single Tax as Medium of
Real Patriotism .
To the Kttitor of the livening Pnhlic l.nlfr ;
Sir Tho railroads nro certainly up against
It. with their employes asking moro wages,
with Insufficient ready money to make neces
sary Improvements and extensions and with
their profits possibly lessened by tho actions
of tho bewildering array of prlce-fixlng and
other regulating boards and commissions.
That the Government should bo back of
the financing of the railroads seems to bo
tho proper Idea, hut this arrangement should
not be made without a ddflnlto declaration
of a platform, and I havo two planks In
mind as ti start for tho structure:
First. Tho railroads should be left abso
lutely freo to fix rates ot transportation,
etc., and not bo interfered with by national
and Stato legislation.
Second. Tho railroads should guarantee
tho payment of tho highest possible wages
hi all departments 1 to Increase wages as
business warranted; to allow their employes
to organize In any way they desired. The
emplovcs on their side should guarantee not
to strike until all grievances had been thor
oughly Investigated and arbitrated, and then
tlvo thre months' notice of a strike.
With these planks as a foundation, the
railroads and the Government could get to
gether and arrange the financial program.
Let us say that an agreement w?s reached
whereby the Government would finance the
roads on the following basis:
All present forms of securities and other
Indebtedness to be done away with and securi
ties limited to one single uniform stock cer
tificate, guaranteed to bo redeemed In cash
on demand, at par or at the market price, as
arranged. The roads to bo allowed to capi
talize all the "water" they could maintain
payable in cash on demand. Tho Govern
ment wduld hold half of the stock securities
issued as security and would generally act
as a trusteo for the roads. In tho financing
ot a new line, tho Government would become
absolute owner of one-half of the new com
pany's stock, and would, when the new com
pany was able to maintain Its capital pay
able In cash on demand, turn over the profits
of the transaction to its owners. The equiva
lent to a year's dividend on a railroad's
capital would be a sufficient reserve for the
redemption of securities, even under private
management, and the Government could moro
easily guarantee the redemption.
In raising money for extensions, etc., tho
Government could sell Its own securities or
the securities of the roads, which ever there
was the best market for. Of course, the
securities ot a good dividend-paying road
would find quick markets. The Government
should put all Its own forms of indebtedness
into a uniform certificate payable In cash on
demand.
The extension of the same Idea to States
and cities, with States financing State cor
porations and with cities financing building
operations, would soon result In business
being on a cash basis. Maintaining corpora
t'on capital payable In cash on demand, as
banks pay deposits on demand, would grad
ually prevent the capitalization of land
values wages would rise to the maximum,
which would be when wages paid to labor
would allow labor to buy back all It pro
duced, including capital.
Any financial legislation that does not
realize this fact the total wages of labor
must be 'sufficient to allow labor to buy
back all It produces Is bound to be a fail
ure A year's business of any country Is
limited to the amount ot money that is paid
in wages in that year.
ANTHONT. H. CROWELL.
Philadelphia, December 17.
"AMERICANISM" AND SINGLE TAX
Tq the Editor 0 the Evening Putlto Ledger:
gir During one or two years preceding our
entrance into the vwar, "Americanism" was a
wrd much used and ofttlmes misused, but
we do not hear It so often now.
Perhaps this Is owing to the personality of
some ot Its most valiant users ; perhaps the
definitions given were not complete and satis
factory, or, possibly, because the war has
enlarged our conceptions ot human brother
hood and democrats Internationalism oper
ates against the use of a word merely of
national application.
While I have been, and still am, an advo
cate of word unity and democratic national
l.CO-OpflU jxv, nmBf.MW,mwB,
.
y
tt
--A'v.
.
"yY ALMOST .CAN!' BEBIEPIT
that we can find a better and truer definition
for tho word.
It Is tho spirit of Americanism which has
put our boys Into tho trenches In France: It
Is the samo spirit that Inspires us to feed tho
democratic nations ot tho world and to repair
tho ravages mado by autocratic Ocrmany and
her allies.
Can not this spirit bo made to lead the
world lu political, social and cconomlo Jus
tice? Our traditions and history glvo us a Just
claim to the tltlo of leadership. Tho "new
experiment In human government," born July
4, 1770, and fathered by democrats of tho
Thomas Jefferson type, was tho result of tho
spirit ot Americanism asking for a practical
demonstration. In the declaration that "all
men havo an unalienable right to life, liberty
and pursuit of happiness," It gavo a strong
expression of Americanism; but It was only
an oxnresxlon. becauso tho fathers who
framed tho declaration neglected to provldo
a way by which these unalienable rights 01
all would bo conserved and guaranteed to
tho oncoming generations of Americans. It
Is wrong for us to profess a belief In the
right of nil to these things while wo glvo
to somo men (who- own land) tho right to
say to other men (who own no land), "This
land Is ours, wo do not caro to use It our
selves, and wo will not let you uso it." It is
the part of Americanism of these later days
to remove tho cause of Involuntary poverty In
this great, rich country landlordism.
The greatest exponent of this kind of
Americanism was Henry George, who recog
nized the spirit of Americanism working In
the wonderful progress we had made, but ho
could also sco what was operating against
true Americanism nnd causing poverty to
keep pace with progress.
Tho plan he proposed was to make every
man, woman and child a Joint owner of the
land of tho United States through taking,
for the benefit of nil, tho value produced by
all the rent of land.
This would make It profitable to use the
land of the United States and unprofitable
to not use It. It would, bring morality and
Justice Into the distribution of "God's free
rift to the children of men."
Get this kind of Americanism up as a'
beacon light on our shores so that the world
could see. and world-unity and the democratic
co-operation of the nations would be a ques
tion of years, not of centuries.
, OLIVKR MCKNIGHT.
Philadelphia, December 10.
ENTRY IN RED-TAPE CONTEST
Our claim of 833 against an express com
pany having been received, filed, numbered,
Investigated,' considered, briefed, pigeonholed,
reconsidered, revived, studied, forwarded for
confirmation, returned for action, filed again,
advanced to third reading, approved with
reservations and finally settled, all within tho
brief period of four months, we are now
seeking to get In debt to the aforesaid ex
press company In order to follow, the same
system of payment up to the psychological
moment, when It will be either pay or get
sued. The express company system of hold
ing up claims and paying them only when the
muzzle of the law Is pointed at It has
Dickens's circumlocution office backed oft the
board. We observe that express company
earnings are decreasing. Can this be because
we are now putting our trust in the parcel
post whenever possible? aalllpolts (O.)
Tribune.
What Do You Know?
Quiz
1, Who la anartermaater central of the United
Htatee urmjT
2, Where la Mount Caprlle?
t. Name the anther ot "Leares of Graia."
4. What la freatT
5. Whr are "bulla'' and "beare" ao called la
the stoek market?
0. What la a Laodicean?
1. Whlth la the Creaeent Clti?
S. What la a Jerusalem artichoke?
B. Ii
identlfr "Old lllckorr."
10.
Who woa l'rocruiteit
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1, James M. Cox la the Oorernor of Ohio,
haa commandeered ooal for State ui
I. llcnrr Wndaworth Lorn-fellow wrote
who
The
louriftmp pi piiira fswaaian--
3. LaUau Wood It a atratetle foroat about too
a Ilea dne aeuth of- Cambral, In poaaeaalon
the Qcrmana.
4, General William . Croxlor la chief of era-
nance or tne untied SUtea array.
A ha relief la a farm ol acnJptv or molding
In which the datura aUnaa oot from ths
background.
5.
S. Bojtor la. town In.aoBthoro Kuaala
aior la m 10
AriTO on Bolal
tha
""' . n ..opjfc'wo 01
:W(t
the Cooaack
1,, Chicago la rail
Uuata.n to. the
Indr Oltr.
la
oiaaia rrom
Mlrni
'nlKAMf
, a
S. Tho eentliraae tnerniornaler la ao nam,
eauav n acaiti imiara-wiw jvu
from frMafne- to bolllnK nofnla.
bollln
icireca
9. DaTld Rltlenbou.a. ol 1'hlladalphla, was the
Brat treat, American aalroaoaiar. lie. waa
- u .H , Am&X bm
aiao onoa ojropiur m wa uaiaaa aiai
Tifira
MYSElftT
1
Tom Daly's Column
TOO SOON I
When poor -Mia' James Bogmcddcra died
It was an awful shock to Jim;
He jest aot down an' cried an' cried
An' nobuddy could comfort him.
She'd al'ays been a faithful wife,
Hard-workin' an' so kind an' true,
Thet noiv she'd passed out of his life
He didn't know what he would do.
'Most every one turned out an' went I
To 'lend the funeral that day. '
An' nearly cverybuddy sent
A wreath or some kind o' bokay.
The one Jim valued most of all
Wuz one his orphan children gave.
"We'll hang thet on the parlor wall,"
He said, "to 'mind Ms of the grave
Where all we love most dearly dwells."
So thet wuz what they done with it.
'Twuz jest a wreath of immortelles .
Across the top o' which wuz writ:
"Too Soon."
Waal, Jim he meter grievo an' fret
Until he made hisself real thin,
But gradually we noticed thet '
He started sprucin' up agin.
One day he told Si Peters, "Si,
I'm giltin' so disconsolate
I've got to thinkin' mebbe I
Had better take another mate."
An', sure enough, come March he did.
Although it wuzrit half a year
Scnce ho had saw the coffin lid
Close over "all he held most dear."
An' in thet same old parlor where
The bran'-new bride an' Jim wus wedl
SMI hung where all could see it there
Thet wreath of immortelles that read:
"Too Soon."
"OLD FRITZ"
Two German ladles, no doubt heavily
veiled, are reported to have been Btcaling'bp
to tho statue of Frederick the Great, In Ber
lin, recently and depositing at the base there-
ot a wreath Inscribed, "Wo need you now."
Like most past historical Incidents, this on
is probably only the figment ot some Idle cor
respondent's brain, but as an indication ol
what the Germans think It may not bo with
out value. It has often been pointed out thai
tho bad example of Frederick, who was al
lowed to get away with Silesia, has been lurk
ing in tne oaexground of many German mind:
during this war. What these Germans d
not realize is that Old Fritz took seven yean
to legitimatize his burglary and that In tin
meantime Prussia suffered unspeakable woe
Berlin was occupied and burpt by the enemy
They ought to be taught Instead that If the;
want to accomplish Frederick the Great's re
suits, Germany of today will have to suffe
infinitely greater hardships than did th
Prussia ot his time. To an Unprejudiced ob
server It would seem as If Germany had ha
altogether too much Frederick the Great to
its own and the world s good.
A NEW AMERICANIZATION
A conference Is to be held In Costa RlcJ
shortly by representatives of the five Cenir
American republics, Costa Itlca, Honduras
San Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua, 'tl
discuss a proposal to make one republic
the five States and to formulate a new treat
to take the place ot that of the Washlngto
convention, signed In 1907, which expire
this year. c
The welding together of these five State
in one ropubllo would be a great advantaa
to Central America and the world at larc
There is no souna reason for their malnti
nance of separate governments and. In fao
so closely allied and Interwoven are the ftv
peoples that it used to be that a revolutlo
in one easily overlapped Into the one adjaeen
Foreign Governments, investors and exportex
would nna greater stability and simplicity
aeaiing wiu a uninea Government, ana
potato themselves -would undoubtedly.?!
batter able to undertako the dovelopmeat-i
their country, which, unlit uu Into -flva 1
I fJovenussnis, tnoy are taaoie to uti
"Jivff "' "; 'V:" -n -:
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