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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
urnus h. k. cunns, fhide.nt
rlea K. loidlnirton. Vlea President! John
run. Herniary ana Treasurer) rniup is,
MMns, John H. Williams,
John J. Bpurieon,
r it wm
aloy. Directors,
'.
EDITOMAL ItOAIlD!
r A.3. -v cues II. K. Cctiu. Chairman.
, VS i. H. WHALET
.njltor
6eUN C. MAnTIN..O;ntral Duslncss Manag-cr
fr....
Iir uuu"nea unity r.i t'Ltiiaa i.etxikr liuuainir.
ft Independence Square, Philadelphia.
Jainoin Cavrn at,,.. Broad nnd Chtstnut Rtreels
LlLAifTio CiTT I'rrsi-Union Ilulldlnc
Hit Took 200 Metropolitan Tower
7Vv v.vii ..... i'y r on jtuiiiimsr
-, Jr-PlT- I-ecis 100S l-ullerton llullillns
.ISTT- .".-
ry NB1VH nuiiKAUSi
&' WlilMKOTO.V 111'UUU,
W.rsl v,w onic Ki'iiEAtI .....The.i
T JtX fcosDOK limeic Marconi if
L'vT4 Fais Biaaiu 32 .tue Lot
S"' & SUDSCniPTIO.V TKUME
mmF Tim T!rvttn T.rNim f itrvan
' -;', . ' cor- l'ennaylvanla Ave. and Hth St.
te-M1, , fW tons: Kl'aCAU ,. ...The. Sun UulMIn-
? ' I; LOYMN ltrar.Atl Mnrronl llnii. Hirana
Loula le Orand
TERMS
TflA T!rVtVn T.vnnrn l itrvafl In nharlliAfa
In Philadelphia and surrounding towns at tha
rata of twelve (12) cents per week, payable
to the carrier.
. liy mall to points outside of Philadelphia. In
the United States, Canada or United, Put'. pos
sessions, postutra free, fifty (SO) irnts per
month. Six (10) dollars per year, payablo In
advance.
To all foreign countries one (it) dollar per
month.
Notice subscribers nlshlnc address changed
Iflust give old aa well as nen address.
HELL, J000 WALNUT KEYSTOM. MAIN 3000
i i ii.i
WWAddrftt nil coMmunffattnrm In fWrnttt'
Ledger, Independence Square, Vhlladefohta
fcXTSBED at tfie rim.A'nr.t.rnf a. rnTornc3 a-i
IIlTOMCI AK Mill UATTJvtt
l'liilidflplili, Montla?, Normlerr 12, l'U?
ORGANIZE ! ORGANIZE !
ORGANIZE !
T1AIT1I ultlio- t win ks Is deail. Abiding
fulth In the altlniutu trliimiilt of Roud
Kovernniout, bucked by legitimate political
nork, will rescue riilLtdulpbla I rum tho
autocruc; of contractor-boshlMti. The
Town Meeting party must keep the faith
and tight tin- good light The vitalizing
energy which is to cle.uv.-o tho city of
graft, lnllatcd contracts, l'ifth Ward
thuggery, pollco in politics and primary
murders Is Mimmed up In three winds:
Organize, organize, organize. Faith, hope
atjd organization will rout the Varc-Smlth
combine. And the giei.tcnt of theo !
organization.
Philadelphia is ueteriiiliifd to wirst
Control of the city fioin the (lung. Tlie
Will to win Is there. Tho Town Meeting
party supplies tin- ,l . to otganUe. Noth
ing lifeless, nothing fulllc .nrled its
initial engagement til the forces of
political evil. Hastily summoned Into
being, Incomplete): organlred, only partly
covering the city, with weeks Instead of
month!) and ye.its to perfect its plans uml
piCbS its campaign, It made a umguillccnt
showing, with a iccoid of virtual victory
which secured a veto power in ''Uinclls
over tlio plundeiiiund.
Tlio Town Meeting party lias the foun
dation and franievvoik for organization.
It has the leaders and lollowers for ac
tion. It has Inspired decent citizens,
cherishing ideals of a cieau cltv, with the
faith and the hope necessary tor taking
the mayoralty and other city ollices out
of Gang control two years hence.
Its Job now Is to organize, organize,
organize. This Is a big "hit." Hut tho
basis la there. The skeleton organization
must bo lilted out. What Is incomplete
must be mude compiehcnslve. I'.ieh ward,
each division, must be systematized and
trengthened. These cogs and wheels of
reform must bo formed Into a co-oidl-nated,
high-gcaicd engine of enormous
power and terrillc force. Tho Town
Meeting party wit! have to be a. steam
roller constituted to flatten out Varc
SmlthlMii for good.
California and North Dakota were re
deemed from bail politics on a much less
nubstuntlal basis. In the former Hiram
Johnson thought tho State could bo. freed
from railroad throttling. Ho and his col
leagues toured tho State on a bit of mere
philosophy. Their snowball of opposi
tion, which the enemy Jeerlngly declared
would melt in tho heal if a partisan
election, became an valuucho. Johnson
tvas right. A State can be redeemed
with cohesive organization. The farmers
of North Dakota chafed at tho galling
yoke of railroad control which discrim
inated against their welfuie by embar
goes, freight congestion, high ratcj and
other obstacles to the seasonable and
profitable movement of their crops, und
by sinister alliance with banking made
financing of their farms expensive. A
few of them did no more than simply get
together. They believed they could te
deem their Stato from shame and obtain
W'-L, tho ndvantuges due to themselves und
K&L. thelr families. They won these few
fc&r f embattled farmers by organization.
" ' T'hllndelnhla has a mtmh liAitr uinri
"V?U .
g. ;,? than emicr or xnesu successful move.
Q'mkL v , ..
g. menis. 111 me iowii jiceung party It
ifck.rrias u force that sprang almost spon
taneously into notably vigorous'effectlve
neas. it must expand that force, encrgrlo
it, develop It along all the lines of legiti
mate practical politics. Enthusiasm will
not win elections alone. It will win them
fjf buttressed by organization. Sermons
una tump speecnes will not turn rascals
iput of the city government. Sermons and
fWurnp speeches plus honestly organized,
(faeniitantly active friends of decency In
Shjevery ward and voting district can win a
mayoralty again us It has done In the
si.
, S
PASSING OF QUEEN LIL
sT'TILlOOKALANI hold a unique position
W In the history of American foreign
'ikjiatlotM. she was the only monarch
'tjrttpW disputed claim to u throne the
I State- Government ever had occa-
b(W tuafceld saalnat a republican form
r - ' ' -, -i
g,y, aKtoBate,rearii
their treatment of her they had glvon
signal cvldcnco to Die world of a deter
mination to do Justice to weak Govern
ments Within their spl-.cro of influence.
President Cleveland, when ho found that
American forces had been used to de
throne the Queen nnd help the annexation
ists, ordered tho American flag lowered
and demanded that tho ruler be reinstated
by tho hastily improvised republic. Hnd
It not been for Ulluokalanl's autocratic
record sho would probably have regained
her sway.
Tho romance of a lost caucc liunn
about tho ex-Queen. Sho was one of the
"sights" of Hawaii for toutlsts to bo
shown by adoring natives, who never lost
their lovo for her. Hut thcro was no harm
in her assumption of regnl dignity to tho
end. Shu had come to the goal of all real
autocrats complete loss of power.
MOKE "MEN NEEDED AT CRITICAL
TIME
rpiII-3 President's! arinou,ncement of plans
L for "a more perfect organization of
our man-power" comes at a moment
when tlie situation abroad has reached
Its most critical phase Mnco tlie trying
days before the battle of the Marne. Tlie
sobering news of the last few days
should In Itself bo enough to make every
citizen take upon himself tho task of
doing evorj tiling he possibly tan to
expedite the work of kplcotion.
Tima was lost and some confusion was
caused through tho fact that In the se
lecting of the first contingent all the
work was left to the men of draft age
and it comparatively Mnall number of
otllcials. It has been shown by experi
ence th.it a third factor must be made
use of the assistance of tlie public,
l.aw.vcrs and doctors cspeciallv are urged
by the l'nsldent to aid the boards and
the men, and this Is no perfunctory re
i,ue.st. liven well educated men often
need assistance in answetlng suih ques
tionnaires as those which the li.000.uoO
ellglbles will receive. Advice light at
hand, given flee of charge to those who
will ask exemption, will save the bo.mls
an Immcnt-o amount of time and leave
them free for their pioper woik. l.avv
vcts are needed for this wotk. They will
have to give only a. few days of their time,
and without question their l espouse to
tho Pi L'siilent'ri summons will be pmmpt.
Dootois who had to examine stores of
men in a day when the first contingent
was c.samlnul weie b.tdlv overworked at
times. It would have been strange if a
number of men were not sent to camps
only to be found defective. Hero again
is mi obvious time-saving task that phy
sicians uiii voluntarily perfouu.
AlUcltizcus must keep a shaip ce on
the dally leports of the in ogress of the
classification, so that the bo.uds will not
be wanting in Information. Much de
pends on the way the woik is started.
With tlie co-operation of all, the Gov em
inent should be able to make the draw
ing of the Mi-mid contingent even moie
successful than tli.it of the Hist.
I N DOM IT A HLE K Kit ENSK Y
KKltKNSKV. from the moment of his
first appearance 111 tlie icolutio:i.
seemed to bear a dimmed life, along with
his great coinage and tcsninief illness,
Tho man who laughed and still went
without a bodyguard when he was told
that t-evcral hundred German spies wete
In I'etrograd, seeking a chance to do
a way with him, was not likely to give up
hope when he was foiced to flee from
the capital That he should have been
aide to rally about him a large, body of
loyal tmops Is not surprising when we
remember the many tales of his electric
energy -and magnetism. On his Hist dash
to the front last summer he, by sheer
force of will, compelled badly armed men
to stund up and fight the well-oc.uipped
Get man troops.
Tho Russian revolution has scaiccly
begun, although months ago men talked
as If it were completed I-'rom tht live
jear struggle which the Fiench Itevoiu
tlon had to make before It could produce
stable conditions, the vvoild should have
learned not to expect older to tollow
prompt!) upon the downfall of tho Czar.
Prolonged civil wnr, such as Franco had
in the Vendee while lighting outside foes
at tho frontier, docs not seem likely in
Hussla becauso of the disorganization
and smallness in numbers of tho nnar
chist element. "What has stood In Kcr
ensky's way hns been his inability to
enforce discipline because of the opposi
tion to capital punishment, Tho latest
revolt should have proved to Husslans
tho need for drastic repressive measures.
If Kerensky succeeds in stopping peace
agitation he may at least, through tho
very uncertainty of tho outcome, compel
tlio Germans to keep men on the eastern
front. For his present effoits fotce the
Gel mans still to ask themselves "May
not Kenersky prove to be that modern
Peter tho Hermit whose voice has the
magic that will make men light';"
Whether lie fails or succeeds, this
leader, frail of body and mighty of soul,
is as an Individual an Inspiration to all
men of tho Allied nations. Scornful of
danger, he Is on Joking terms with death,
and that Is the spirit that biings final
victory.
Part of tho Bolshevikl call them
selves the Hed Guard, but all of them
are yellow.
If the light to open the ballot-boxes
has no other result. It will at least have
betrayed u strangely Intense anxiety on
the part of borne gentlemen to keep them
closed.
The perturbation of Pekin and tlio
mildness of Toklo's enthusiasm over the
Japancso-Amerlcan agreement show that
It was high time for the agreement to bo
made.
The only people In America who
hate Germans are Germans who used to
live In Heiilu. The on y people in Amer
ica who love Germans are Germans who
never lived In Berlin.
The Italian situation is seiious
onough. But thcro was less reason to
believe tluit France would drive tho Hun
from the "Marne to the Alsne than there la
to hope for at least a deadlock In Italy.
t The Y. M. C. A. Is a powerful
agency for keeping up the morale, as
well as the morals, of American soldiers.
The city should And no difficulty In rals-
EVENING -LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 12,
THE LONG FIGHT
FOR SUFFRAGE
Women's Capture of Empire
State Gives Hope of More
Victories
By ELEANOR K. McDONNELL
NOW that the last ballot lias been counted
In New Vmk nnd tho Inst doubt of the
tubbornest "antl" removed as to the actual
and overwhelming victory that the suf
fragists nro celebrating, the nu',,lnn'
What are they going to do with their newly
achieved political freedom? will not down.
The w-nnen have made no threats, as
they linvc made no promises. On the heels
of their triumph, however, thty lliXV0
answered tlio question In pint.
"One of the things we shall do." they
have said, "Is to bring pressure to bear on
Congress when It convenes In December to
pass n Federal amendment tu the Constitu
tion coiifcrtlng on every wiinan In tho
United States the suffrage privilege."
Other poisons, however, less retkent than
tlio suffrage leaders have answered the
qiiPKtlon more fully.
It has been said that the granting of
the ballot to tin- women of New York, the
strongest Stnte pi.lltlrnlly In tlio I 'lilted
Slates, will make "the greatest little burg"
In tint nutitry bone dry.
It has been Mild that tho same election
which Infusi'd new life Into the Tammany
Tiger fur four more jears sounded that
picturesque animal's death knell by putting
a vote Into the hands of women; that New
York by putting Its petticoats' Into politics
will witness a binnd of democracy dlffeient
from the kind that Tammanv Monsc-rs.
I'ettnln alarmists have painted tlie fear
(otiin picture of n future "lady President."
sitting In State 111 the White House And
the "antls" have walled with dlige-llkc
pathos. "U means the disintegration of
the home "
For vaiylng Hasans, then, tveryhody ad
mits that Mia Knickerbocker's ability to
go to tlie polls will make a difference.
Most persons reviewing the persistent and
consistent flKht that tho New Yoik suf
fniglsts havo wiikuiI for Hixt.v-nlno years,
01 situ o the llrst woman's rights conven
tion ever to be enlivened In this countiy
wns held at Senei.i Falls. N Y., Ill
IMS me willing to wager that Mrs. niul
Miss KnlcKcilioikci's new found Influence
will extend fmtlier tlinn the confines of
New Yoik State
Then- are many who believe that Penn
sylvania will feel the effect of that Influ
ence In the near futuie. The general belief
among even the most optimistic suftiaglsts,
however, is that tlie wiuntn of tills Statu
will not be liberated by tills Commonwealth,
but will lonii. to the "piomlsed land"
tluoiigh tln l-'edeinl amendment of tint
Constitution IJivin ihe opportunity to en
franchise their women In 1 VIS. the men of
this Mate leuegid. Hotting a tefeiendum
Is a iprntiiifti'd pi net ss in Pennsylvania,
and to give tlie men another ibaiiia to ex
press themselves means a wait of tvvis
iiioie cais. Tim women have no dispo
sition to welt until lllti The New Yoil;
viitory hns whettid their appetite. They
want the vole now.
Outlook iii This State
Hut suppose Congress dues consider tlie
women's dtmand fnvnrnhlj and passes the
bill which has beenmo historic as the Susan
11. Alitlniii.v ami mlineiit It must then be
ratified b thin-foiiitlis of Hie State Leg
Is attires befme It beionies operative
"Aba I" tin- mills er.v. "then- ate the
southern States to be tousldeiid The
southern leglslatois believe that woman's
place Is tbe home."
Will the Kev stone State, vv hole the liquor
Inteiesls aie pel haps Mlonger Hi. ill an
wbere else, side with the southern States,
that "bollrve woman's pl.u-e Is In the home,"
In a llii'il mid dcspciatc attempt to bluek
the w onion '
If Father IN nn has an political sagacity
left In lilm be will leall.e tli.it the time
1ms come when II Is political suicide to
antagonize the women If he has any as
tuteness at nil lie will Know, as ll.vl.m and
Mitchel and Ililliiult and Ileunett knew,
that tlie time has come for lilm to go
ii-wiuilng. not n- tiling. Itogardless of
their personal conv let Ions or tbe conv it-tlons
of their backers, there was not a mayoralty
candidate In the it tent New Yoik election
who hail the com age to go against woman
.suffrage.
It is Inconceivable thai It c uM have
been a pleasant dose for Tammany, but
the situation was something like this: "We
may die If wo tlo swallow the doe, but
we aie sure to die If we don't."
It i cumins to bo seen whether a mjs
terlous cuio will be woiketl on the Tiger's
unhenltliv condition or whether ho villi die
a lliigeilng death fioni the medicine any
how, but at any rate Tammany swallowed.
Father Pi-mi may refuse tlie dose, but as
sure as fate if he does homebody will hold
his hands behind his back, somebody else
will clutch his ii(e tltmly and some nno
else will ram the spoon down hlsv throat
The history of tlie New Yoik campaign
Is one of the reasons why there will be
mi stopping the woman suffragists. The
story of tlie women's battle In that Statu
Is written aiound tho llfo of that grand old
woman after whom the Federal bill lias
been named, Susan II. Anthony, and the two
women in New Yoik today who arc tho out
standing figures of tho victory wero body
guards of Miss Anthony when, old hut
Indomitable, sho still fought on. They nre
the Hev. Dr Anna Howard Shaw and Mrs.
Carrie Chapman Catt.
There was no sacrifice that Susan n.
Anthony and the women sho had gathered
aiound her would not and did not make for
tho advancement of the cause of women, and
her spirit animated the women whoso work
Is responsible for the triumph In New
York.
Tlie reading of the report of those early
conventions which, despite opposition and
perseiutlon. wete held annually In Seneca
Falls. Syracuse. Hoihester, Saratoga, and
later In tlie famous old Ilroailway Taber
nacle In Now York city, brings tears to the
r.ves anil a lump to tho throat.
The SuiTraKists of 1854
Targets for rldlculo and condemnation,
they battled on. Their conventions were
raided, the police weie appealed to In vain,
Insults were hurled at them as they pasted
quietly along the streets, newspapers gibed
at them and cartooned them, but nothing
daunted them. They worked a handful
then, as they worked a million strong hi the
last New York campaign.
Tho story of the llrst county canvass that
Susan IS. Anthony took in New Yoik dries
the eye and brings the smile. It was back
In 1851. Immediately after .1 National
Woman's nights Convention had been helit
In Philadelphia. Miss Anthony on that oc
casion was tlio guest of James and Lucretla
Mott, gentle Quaker suffragists, who at the
time were entertaining twenty-four dele
Kates to the convention In their homo at
3.18 Aich street
"We think such as thyself," wrote Mrs.
Mott to Miss Anthony, "devoted to good
causes, should not have to seek a home,"
Tho canvass of Chautauqua County. New
York, was decided upon at the Mott house
nnd Miss Anthony was appointed to do the
work No money being left from tho con
vention, Wendell Phillips wrote a personal
check for $50 to pay the expenses. Miss
Anthony wore the famous bloomer cos
tume designed by Amelia Bloomer, which
the former loathed but which she adopted
because she thought It would help the cause
by demonstrating woman's emancipation
from the tyranny of frocks and frills. The
same courage which permitted her to adopt
It also helped her discard It a few years
later, when she found It was hurtful rather
than helpful to the cause.
It was tho eolilist and snowiest winter
on record, but Miss Anthony made her can
vass, meeting many enemies but making a
few friends. An entry In her diary reads:
"At Angelica, nine towns represented;
crowded house, courtroom carpeted with
sawdust. A oung Methodist minister gave
his name for the petition, but- one of his
wealthy parishioners told him lie should
leave Ids church unless it was withdrawn."
That was the sort of opposition Susan B,
Anthony met. That is the sort of opooal.
Tom Daly's Column
The Collector
THKItB was a time when we would
have given a sllvor three-cent piece for
a "Shnckamuxon," and onco wo went
without our dinner and walked twenty
odd blocks to trado a "Dele ware" for an
"Arctic," In the days when tho business
cards of local Ice companies wcro treas
ures In Uoyvllle; but that waB as far as
wo ever got as a collector.
If you can renumber tho pretty picture
enrdg given out so sparingly by tho Grand
Depot, Cooper & Connrd, Marks Broth
ers, P.irtrldgo fc Hlthardson, and other
such, It may merely mean that you nre n
llttlo older tlinn we nre. You probably
didn't amount to much cither.
Hut when It comes to the real busi
ness und pleasure of collecting, we must
all tnko our hats off to Hon. John M.
Patterson, Judge of the Court of Common
I leas No. 1,
Jl'DGI PATTICItSON owns what some
authorities consider the Most complete
sot of Dickens first editions In nil tho
four quuitcis of the wo.id, and tho get
ting of It has been a succession of cx
lillatntlng adventures. And he, too be
gan Ills raiccr ns a collector of ice cards.
Hut it was one "Brad," a hobo, a squat
ti r on a public dump, who llrst tickled
young Pattei son's appetite for rare
hooks. "Brad" had a shack on tho flats
that then lay along the wett bank of tlio
Schuylkill lllver nbove Callow hill street
bridge, and one day u copy of Pope's
translation of tho Iliad came Into his
hands. Little Johnny Tattcrson, happen
lug along later, was endowed, Carnegie
wise, by "Brad," who liked him. Tlio boy
slipped the book into tlie pocket where
ho had put Ills day's bag of garter
snakes; nnd that was the beginning of
one of the finest private libraries In tlie
State.
YOU sometimes hear of n sudden-mil-llnnaiie
ncqulrltig a llbtary by telephon
ing tn n book shop: "Sen mo up about
$0,000 vvoith o' leather-bound books In
mahogany cases," but thete'.s no fun in
that. Jinlgo Pat ersbn has mado his
book-collecting a life adventure.
When the Judge was a joung law stu
dent, a little less than a quarter of a
lentury ago, ho bought of Charles Scss
ler a first edition of 'Kdwin Drood." It
cost lilm $l.f,0, and It wasn't worth much
moie, but It was the beginning of spend
ing that has run Into many thousands,
and is win tli every cent of It. Tho first
book was a "lebound" and not "In parts,"
as the deslrahlo Dickens should be. Hut
It was life best he could afford, and his
next buy was another "lebound"
"Pickwick Papers" for which ho paid
12.1. The same woik. In the original
p.uts, was bilngltig from JL'CO to $1300;
much too rich for his young blood. But
the nmbltlon to own u real original was
strong In him, and It wasn't long be
fore he satisfied it. The book was "Bleak
House," and after that only tho best
would Interest him. He soon replaced his
pinchbeck "Drood" nnd "Pickwick" with
pieces of larcr coinage nnd went gnyly on
his way In search of other treasures.
BY THIS TIMI-: ho was n conllrmed
Dickens bug, and he began, on the side,
to pick up iiutogiail. IcUer.s, presenta
tion copies, manuscripts, o . lnal draw
lugs and e.ciy other sort of thing classed
as "Dickenslann."
His wife for books wero not tho
only lovely things he hr.d acquired re
buked him occasionally for his extrava
gance. "Kxtrnvnganco?" said lie. "These
things, inudarnc, nro as valuable as dia
monds and ns readily changeable into
money." To piove this lie bold for 1300
a presentation copy of "American
Notes," for which ho had only paid IOO.
Having quieted tho threatened domestic
uptlsing, tho collector mounted again
upon his hobby nnd "rode off furiously In
nil directions." He spent his vacations in
stuffy London book bhops and the haunts
of his favorite author; ho let It bo known
that ho was out for an intellectual spree
anil that he was fair game for any honest
trnlllcker In tt ensures of the sort ho most
desired. Ho ran about from place to
pktco In search of bargains, and his
scouts were everywhere. It was upon
ono of these vacations of his three years
ago that he brought to a triumphant
close his long hunt for tho perfect set
of Dickens first editions.
Tho Judge was broke, in London, In
August, 1M4, when the first yelpings of
tho dogs of war wero echoing upon the
startled air. Hut his credit was good nnd
ho needed It, for ho had found thero tho
"perfect llrst" of "Nicholas Nlckleby," dis
tinguished from nearly all others because
on pago 123, lino 17, tho word "visitor"
appears Instead of "sister." This makes
tho copy very valuable becauso thero is
In existence u letter written by Dickens
to the proofreader for Bradlury & Kvans,
publishers, calling attention to the mis
take nnd asking that it bo corrected. Tn
most other copies now cxt&nt tho correc
tion was made.
BUT tlie big thing that happened In
Loudon in August, 1914, nnd mado tho
collector's head swim, was not tho declar
ation of war and the consequent dlfliculty
In securing passage home, but tho discov
ery of a small pamphlet bearing the pub
lication date of 1852. Jus Uthat little thing
made his set of Dickens "absolutely first"
in the envious opinion of many.
In 1852 Dickens had had a hand in the
writing of an appeal for a children's
hospital. He only edited the work of
borne unknown writer, adding but a few
lines himself, but that made the unim
portant thing big with interest to the
collector. At tho great Exhibition of
Dickensiana held by the G roller Society
In New York several years ago, tho copy
of this pamphlet ("Drooping Buds") shown
there bore the date of 1860. Somewhere
else thero was one of 1855, but here, un
questionably, was the original, dated
1852. It reduced the Judge's balance In
bank 250, but, any Dickens fan will
tell you what a bargain it was. It en
abled him to bring1 to Philadelphia one
of the few great collections of the world.
BUT there la a whole lot more to be
said about thjs collection. One thing
lends on to another und the man who
starts collecting books reaches out next
for original manuscripts and other treas
ures. But that must do for another
story; for now It is time for the Judge
"RIGHT!" iHI
w&M Y 0u It,
pm Must " s
31k ' 1 as '
ifttf i FDR AN UNS5LFJSM ", b
Mmlf:Wf ' purpose UF i :
; jV- I , !'
USE OF POTASH
FOR PLANT FOOD
Account of Tests Made at Agri
cultural Experiment
Station
To the HtUtnr of thr Kvcnlnp Lcducr:
Sir My nttentlon hns been called to an
article published In tho Bvenimi I.edokh
by William It Johnston, In which he dis
cusses tho possibility of tho utilization of
finely ground potash feldspar ns a direct
source of potash for plant food.
In tills connection he calls attention to
Bulletin No. 101 of the Bureau of Plant
Industry, t'nlted States Department of
Agriculture, by Dr. A. S. Cushman. In the
course of his remarks Mr. Johnston says:
"Tho experiments as a whole showed that
under tho conditions of tho tests the potnsh
of finely ground feldspar appeared to bo
virtually as available for plant food as tho
ordinary soluble salts ordinarily used." Ho
also mentions that "a largo proportion of
the rock underlying the American continent
consists of feldspar, much of which con
tains potash In varying proportions up to
10.8 per cent."
"This latter statement, while unquestion
ably made In good fnlth, Is likely to lend
a casual reader to foini an utterly exag
gerated idea as to the amount of potash In
ordinary locks antl the case with which It
can bo secured. As a matter of fact. It Is
only here nnd thero that feldspar can be
separated readily, in considerable quan
tities, from the associated rock minerals,
and even then It usually requires a good
deal of cobbling nnd much cost for labor
In order to effect a sufficiently satisfactory
separation. Ono Is fortunate even then If
ho secures a feldspar containing as much as
from 10 to 11 per cent of potnbh. Further
more, much of this material must obviously
be transported long distances, and It must
bo finely ground, but when ground In this
mnnner Is It available to a practical ex
tent? This Is tho Important question in
volved. This bulletin of the Bureau of Plant In
dustry of tho United States Department of
Agriculture was published vvhllo I was Mill
dlreitor of the Rhode Island Agricultural
Bxperlnient Station. Upon Its appearance
with other published matter from tho de
partment bearing upon tho subject of the
agricultural value of finely ground feldspar,
I begnn to recelvo letters from farmers In
Rhode Island nsklng If they could not grind
tho feldspathlo rocks on their farms and
uso them advantageously nnd economically
ns a source of potash. The Inference that
this could be done was drawn from these
(Jovornment bulletins-.
It seemed to me. therefore, of the utmost
Importance thnt tho matter be put to a
crucial test as soon as possible. Accord
inly. Dr. B. I Hartvvell, chemist of the
station, and V. B- Pember, ono of his as
sistants, were detailed to conduct a care
ful experiment with finely ground feldspar.
This feldspar xvas so fine that all of It
readily passed through a sieve having 200
meshes to the linear Inch. In other words. It
was an impalpable powder. Barly European
experiments had shown the practical worth
lessness of finely ground feldspar for
agricultural purposes, The assertion had
nevertheless been made that feldspar ground
with modern machinery such as that used
In producing the material which passed
through tho 200-mesh sieve would be read,
lly available to plants, even though the
coarser European product would not
It seemed, therefore. Important to use
the finest material obtainable. The experi
ments were conducted with wheat, followed
by Japanese millet and finally by beans.
Letting 100 represent the yield of the wheat
when neither foldspar nor potash salts was
used, the yields from the use of feldspar
In the three tests made were 106. 108 and
105: whereas, when the same amount of
potash In the German potash salts was
used, the corresponding yields were 130,
143 and 148. In the case of the Japanese
millet Placing the yield without feldspar or
.i.w t too. the yields with thr.A ai.
ferent amounts of feldspar were 104. ljg.
nnd 114, wnutt" ,...w. n, vwiicsponainc
amount of potash In sulphate of potash wa.
ufed the yields were 212. 206 and 248. Con
firmatory results were also secured with
beans.
The following are the conclusions drawn
from this work by Doctor Hartwell and
Mr. Pember:
The finely ground feldspathlo rock,
which wa usa In the experiment re
1917
less, It the pot experiments aro to be
considered as a criterion
The root systems of wheat nnd Jap
anese millet are sufficiently well de
veloped so that theso plants should have
been much more ablo to have obtained
the potassium of feldspar than many of
tho quick-growing market crops. '
Tlio farmer cannot afford to experi
ment with finely ground feldspathlo rock
until thero aro better prospects of suc
cess than nro discernible at present.
It should ho borne In mind thnt these
tests which wero made at the Rhode Island
Agricultural Experiment Station wcro with
soils from which the potash had been ex
hausted by many years of successive crop
ping without the use of any potash what
soever, nnd the soil was known to bo highly
deficient In available potash. An optimum
amount of water was also maintained In the
pots, thus creating a condition far more
likely to tuako tho potash available than
those existing in the field.
It appears that the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture began some field ex
periments with potasli in Connecticut, but
on land not known to need potash and
which may not havo been at nil deficient In
It. Owing to somo cause or other these ex
periments were never continued, and Doctor
Cushman, in commenting on them, said:
"Although it Is admitted thnt theso experi
ments have not as yet proved tho value of
ground feldspar for tobacco, It is quite cer
tain that the experimental ciops found all
tho potash they required." No doubt they
did, but they may readily havo secured It
all from the soil, In fart, hi tho conclusion
of Doctor Cushman's article ho says: "A
careful reading of the foregoing pages will
show that no claim has been mado that
ground feldspar Is an efficient substitute,
under all circumstances, for potash salts.
At tho present stage of tho Investigation It
would be extremely unwise for any ono to
attempt to uso ground rock, except on an
experimental scale that would not entail
great financial loss."
Thus It will bo seen that there Is no
sound basis whatsoever for tho conclusion
on the part of Mr. Johnston that tho potash
of finely ground feldspar is as available for
plant food as that In tho commercial potash
salts. H. J. WHEELER.
92 State street, Boston, Mass., Nov. 9.
TO REMOVE TURKISH MISRULE
Upward of twenty years ngo William T.
Stead wrote: "Tho world should not forget
that tho Turk is a barbarian encamped
upon the nshes of a civilization which 1m
destroyed," The Turkish Idea of dealing
with subjugated peoples, and peoples of dif
ferent religion, is to kill them, and thus
remove any dlfliculty that might arlso; ana
this Turkish spirit has been written In
blood for nil the world to seo In this war,
pays tho Kansas City Star. It has recently
threatened to annihilate nil Its subject races
the Jews of Palestine, Arabs of Syria,
Druges of Lebanon : It has gloated over the
woes of Armenia, the worst tho world ha-
ever known; It has blighted the fairest
lands of the Levant; It has made Mcsopo.
tamia a vale of misery; and the very name
of Turk will be cursed by countless myri
ads of people yet unborn. Ono of tho pur
poses of America's allies In this war Is for
ever to remove the curse of Turkish mis
rule upon races and religions not Its own.
After this war there shall bo no more
Turkish massacres of Christians. Turklsn
Mohammedans may rule Turks of their own
faith only;
THE PIPER AND THE REED
I nm n reed a little reed
Down by 'the river;
A whim of God, whoso moment's need
Was that the Giver
Might blow melodious add long
One cadence of eternal song.
0 Miracle!
He who Is beauty goeth by
The marches of a meadowy sky,
A-plplng on the many reeds
Ills canticle.
Paused In His playing;
For He found
An under-sound
Failed of the music that He made.
Wild winds went straying,
Like sheep lost on the daisied meads
Scattered by Discord ana afraid,
Ixist from the fold
They knew of old.
My God had need
Of one more reed
Had need of me
To make the perfect harmony,
1 am that under-Bound,
That needed note.
Eternally, the Piper tried
Reed after reed until He found
Me growlnr by the river-side.
And laughing at the leaves that float
k'T'MssssH
sssssSM.aasaa-saisssssiasaasaaMaiaiaas.a.sMa'a-ssssssilsaassssilMa. " AWyjf
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1. tlio nre tlie lenders of the prrwrnt Russian
revolution?
3. Wliut in the Soviet?
3. VMmt Is meant by I'll. II.?
4. Wlint ore Vrnrtlsn blind?
fi. Win, was John llurtriini?
0. Where nre the I'm Is ile (iininiiiirs iialnt
fnits heht represented In this totinto?
7. ttli.it ptiiniliir emirs lire nasuilatrd wltli th
llnttle of I.exinicttm?
s. ttliut l it porch, niriimtrli sneaking?
0. Who" Is 1.011 (Mret?
10. "ttliut Is ndr.i-sr1ilst?
Answers to Saturday's Quix
1. Terrain In nil tirru. usunlly rvtrnilif. of
lnujnr military oiirrntlonit.
2. The llnUlieirlkl are tlie mdlrnli In Russian
polltiiN. The "Insular of the word Is
llnNhrilk,
3. Dr. s-anniH Mrliioril Crotbcrs, an essayist
nnd ilrrKjtmin of t'limhrltlsr. .Vbuw.. Is
soinetlnifH referred In us "ilie Msdern
AutiKrut." In allusion l the fact that
ills essiiSH nre In tbe tnoiln of those ot
Ilr. (Ilitrr Vtrmlrll Unhurt. "The Auto
rut of the Itrtakfast Table." .
4. Two contemporary Ainerlt-nii composers are
Joint Powell unit John Alden t'lirprntfr.
5. The l.lvrnza N u rhrr In northern lWr
nrross wlilrh the tlrrnuins hate forced
the Italian troops.
0. ("rnrml Tusker II, IIIIhs Is chief of staff (
this lulled Mutes itrinv.
7. Wordsworth's theory of iioello diction, as
set forth In the prefiice to the "Lyrical
lliilluiN" fn l;ilK, una thnt the speech of
poetry should not be iirrlmir. Illemry or
specialized, litit should follow closely M ,
pnnsilile popular eterMhis siieeili.
X. tire Admiral Mms Is in loniiuand of lbs
Aiiierletin mtviil forirs in Kuropeso
waters.
0. Academic degrees nre differentiated Into
"honorary." conferred us u distinction by
collects on men of nolo for details
achievements und "degrees tn course."
Mich, as II. A. und II. h., awarded for tho
successful prosecution to graduation of as
spprored curriculum.
10. Tbn llrst National Army is to consist if
087.OOU selected men.
SUN HEAT TO DISPLACE COAL
WILL It ever bo possible to turn into
energy for Industrial nnd commercial
uses tho vast amount of potentlnl energy In
the solar radiation from desert surfaces?
James Kalrgriove, a member of tlio faculty
of the University of London, considers this
question in his book on "tleography and
World Power," In which ho says' "In the hot
desert of the Sahara, with clear bky an!
virtually no rain for years at a time, theri
is no vegetation nnd man has not been able
to live; but If It could bo possible to um
dliectly tlie energy of solar rudlatlon. which
continuously from sunrise to sunset batter'
the land in little less amount than In lower
latitudes, another region which Is now va
cant would bo able to support great popula
tions nnd would becomo of extraordinary
Importance, Here, on an area comparably
to that of Greater London, is yearly di
rected as much solnr energy ns could M
produced by complete combustion of tnj
total amount of coal nnnually mined arm
Britain. Experiments have been made witn
engines which glvo a high thermal efficiency,
but It la too early to say whether or not
the first steps which will lead to a great
revolution have been taken. This is cer
tain: That the nearer the equator one goeJ
tho greater tho potentialities of savlnf
energy; that there nre supplies of ncrffy
upon which we may draw when coal l
exhausted, nnd that sooner or later these
supplies of energy will bo used. Wltn
their use. If the past Is any criterion or
the future, there must come an uievitaoie
change In the distribution of mankind
In habits of life and In all those matters
which profoundly Influence tho course oi
history."
GERMANY'S GREAT ENEMY
Before this "war Germany's enemy was
"the yellow peril." In 1914 Germanyj
"real" enemy was Russia. Then It wai
England. More recently we've been it.
But the cat Is now out of the bag. It I
let out by an organ of the Krupps, tni
Berlin Neueste Nacly'chten. ....
"The most dangerous enemy of tin
German people Is democracy. It Is de
mocracy that we shall have to fight when
our arms have long been nt rest and tne
far-flung frontiers of the new nnd enUrgea
Germany have been secured In spite of
July 19 and Its Reichstag majority In
German security peace."
Tho Berlin Socialist newspaper Vorwaeris
cynically adds to this bit-of futurletle his
tory. "So it seems that when Britain,
Kranee. Russia, America and the rest of our
nnsmlis have been defeated, the war will
recommence, with cheers, In the name or ,
.m t- ( . .. ."tav-mlUk H
llie uermuii poupic, ukuiiibi me ,T Jy
people." we anouia iikc, to near noi'
La.Kollette defend Uerman democracy,,!"
aerever oqwn -ii Durniaaaa m
SUuSri
exwtors ,02
m
-rTom, ib npw vum ,tm,
m!
J '; "' . ', , JV.' ; ,
' ' '
uii . . . . - ', J- i-.
tlon Joe New York suffraffiats, walklmr In
La n is fiat Qiiun'i ilUiiBlBas hakfxak Mvakate-
to mm ourt ana here we are at the
ed in ttws oiiiin. wan of