-V
t r-
'M
Hffrf
USTRATjt!,
tin sHft Mm
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
crnus ii. ic outiTis, Piuidcms
ttr-hM II. Luchnatrm. Vim President Jthn
rln. Herniary and Treasureri i'nlllp B.
Yt Jonn. ii. iviiuarns, ionn j. npurseon,
I. Whaler, Directors.
EDITOP.IAL BOAItDt
, Ctats It. K. Ccina, Chairman.
r. it. vntKLZT.., ,
.Editor
sWWN C. MAP-TIN.. Qjncral Business Manager
n SSsbllshM dally r.t rcni.io I.nxits. tlulldlnc,
luurmnucncB aquaro, I'niiaueipma.
Sin CiXTKit,. ..Uros.1 and Ch.slnnt Ktreeia
Intio CUT.......... ..Press-Union Ilulullne
r Tork. , ......... S00 Metropolitan Tower
TaoiT,.... r. ........403 KoM IlalMlnic
,LoCI9 . ..lnnft Fullertan llullillnr
HC.IUO .,.... ........ .1203 'irtbune IlulKllnc
NEWS HUHEAUS!
WaI'IUSOTOM lllSEiU,
N. R, Cnr.. Pennsylvania Ave. and 14th HI.
W ToK DlfariU The Times llullctlnir
0D0N nrRKAU lfarrnnl Until. Rtrnnil
PjWi Bcikau 82 .lus Louts Is Qrand
8UBSC1UPTION TEnilS
6 Tha ErrxiMl I.rnnra la served to subscribers
Philadelphia, ami surrounding (owns at the
4e of tirelve (IS) cents per week, parable
tho carrier.
By mall to points outside of Philadelphia, In
Mm United mates. Canada or United States pos
sessions, posts free, fifty (SOI rents per
Montb. Six ($0) dollars per ear. payable In
advance.
To. all foreign countries one ($1) dollar per
Hionth.
Notick Subscribers wishing address chanced
Must- lire old as well as new address.
kElX. JOOO WALNUT KEYSTONE. MAIN JOM
sMrfdrra nil rowmMMlrrtfons fo Evening
Ltdocr. Independence Square, rhlladclvhta.
rctxbcd at trk rniLinKt.rnu ro'Torrice xs
SECOM-CUS UXIL UATTia
rhllidtlphla, Frldsr. October ii, 1917
THERE IS NO DILEMMA
QOME good citizens appear to be very
"r" much concerned because Senator
Boles Penrose will have nothing to do
wUh the local "Republican" ticket and
advises all adherents of Lincoln's policies
to smite It hip and thigh. They nre a lit
tle confused In their minds, which Is not
altogether remarkable, and some of them
are peculiarly Insistent In wanting to
inow wh.v the Evkninu LKIhikh which
Has, elways demanded a high moral
standard In polities', urges acceptance
A mt the- Penrose support
We have been firing our heaviest guns
fo good many monthc at "gentlemen"
who H in their clubs and do nothlna to
advance the cause of good government.
We have challenged them to come to the
front and do their duty. We have. In
addition, more than once suggested to
some political leaders that It might bo
good politics simply to be honest and
decent. Jefferson was eternally right when
"- 'he sold that "the whole art of govern
Stent consists In the art of being honest."
, There was open one of two courses to
.Senator Penrose: he could have stood
toy the murder ticket or he could have
bolted It. Which would a respectablo
citizen have wanted him to do? Cer
'talnly this newspaper should have de
nounced him had he continued to bit In
the "regular" boat. We should have
labeled him as the enemy of decent.-;.
honesty and ordinary morality. Why,
then, should we condemn him -because
lie has done the thing whicli every ad
vocate of good government would have
wanted him to do? Jt is' a fairly plain
proposition that If Senator Penrose had
tuck to the murder ticket, the Town
Meeting party, with a light registration,
would have been in for a licking, despite
'the overwhelming merit of its cube.
The one thing Philadelphia has needed
1b a decisive split in the controlled vote.
The deadening corruption which has been
"practiced In local government has been
due to the solidarity of the Organization.
"When there nre two parties or two fac
tions of more or less ciiual strength the
Independent ote becomes a decisive vote,
it keeps all leaders on their good behavior
and assures some sort of good govern
ment, even If independent candidates ure
never elected. The cohesive power of
public plunder Is strong enough fii ordi
nary circumstances, but when all of the
plunder goes to one faction the cohesive
seas disappears. The Vares probably
performed a real public service when they
rode for a fall and drove the opposing
faction Into the arms of the Independents.
There are thousands of eminent citizens
j. who decided, after tho Fifth Ward
tragedy, to repudiate the label anyhow.
Neither Senator Penrose nor unybody
else could have-carried them along,
a Senator Penrose Is not himself n can
didate, his selections are not candidates,
he has not made the platform and all
be la doing is to help pull the vehicle
out of the mud and mire. If any citizens
are so narrow-minded' as to refuse that
sort of help, they are constitutionally
'wedded to failure and opposed to good
government except in theory. The gods
themselves might have arranged the situ-
tlon an It Is In the cause of good gov-
rnment, for out of an apparently hope-
i ' tin I'mnri M ill n it cnl,-tt tn Anivii.t I.-.m
"? ;.-.-v,...v... , ""b""
" lsn evolved an Independent movement
t'the mightiest sort, certain of triumph
Unless some grievous error is made. The
immediate goal of the drive is to take
control of Councils from the Vares and
liwjr associates. When that Is accom-
kUA vn can fjlke) r.ira nf Hitli.Anii.tii
I ,W ' -.-.-v.
leVtMatlonB.
ator Penro.iv is but an incident in
mighty battle for the political re-
Ufcptetion. ot the city,
4 .
WANCE SMASHES THE HUN
Krrncb etruck at the point o' the
(."jwmiclrcle of invasion nearest Paris,
' Bet'enfy miles northeast of the
Capturing the famous Aisne
. ttiey have shut off forever the view
vjjet promised Und which the Huiih
f,t 'tsW ' lwx uej me neignis. i-eiaina
, r3tWP of Tuesday has been called one
jf, V raU ot the war. and for eentl-
, jsjr v&p wii ess
3hhC
nn army depends, this .superlative would
appear to bo only a slight exaggeration
Willi Laon soon to be at Petaln'a
mercy and Lille endangered by Halg's
encircling movement, two of tho four
cities which have been the strongholds
of tho Oerman western front seem near
redemption. The larger perspective of
tho 1917 campaign begins to be apparent.
It is not merely a drive to recover the
Relglan const, but a comprehensive plan
to bend back the whole line of Invasion
from Yprcs to Verdun. It Is no longer
a question whether a blow will bo suc
cessful or not; a measure of success Is
always assured. Hut tho Allies save men
and material for the capture of points of
greatest strategic value. They are In
no hurry, for the Germans seem utterly
unable to regain the initiative.
MONEYFOR REDEMPTION
THE redemption of Philadelphia is
worth fighting for and it is worth
paying for. Wo pay millions for bad
government; we can get good govern
ment by voting for It and contributing
a llttlo money to pay watchers to sco
that the votes arc counted.
The recent exposure of tho methods
employed by tho Organization to carry
elections is eloquent testimony of tho
necessity of guarding the ballot-boxes in
November with extraordinary care. The
Town Meeting paity cannot wnge n suc
cessful fight without funds. Every busl.
ness In tho city that Is directly or indi
rectly imposed upon by the existing
regime should contribute to the cause.
So should every Individual who believes
in tho necessity of purifying politics In
this city.
The lesponso to the appeal for funds
should be Immediate and generous. A
dollar spent for good government may
save ten dollars thnt would otherwise be
exacted in the form of taxes to subsidize
bad government.
KEEP THE FAITH
THERE arc some men who refused to
claim exemption and left their young
wives at home. They felt that of the
30 a month received by them from the
Government a part would be sulllclent
to keep their wives alive.
The man who adds two cents to the
price of a necessity when one cent would
cover the excess cost the man who prac
tices extortion In iny shape manner or
form, does hl 'hair tn thiow urh tvlvef
on the charity ot tho community and
translate the sacrifice and heroism of
drafted men Into black domestic tragedy.
The extortioner Is himself a Hun und
worse than a Hun, because he preys on
his own people. The nation Is prepared
to endure high prices, for they are neces
sary, but higher prices than are requisite
are evidence of treasonable Instincts and
contemptible greed.
WAS IT WOHTII THE PRICE?
W10 FIXD
' cnthusias
on our desk a note from nn
enthusiastic reporter. "I tell you
that parade made my heart Jump," he
writes. "E. T. Stoteshury painded afoot.
Women of wealth did the sime. Hank
presidents, corporation heads nnd Gov
ernment olilclals suspended work to show
their loyalty. In Washington, President
Wilson walked In a similar procession.
Where was Thomas B. Smith?"
The Major, we believe, showed a fine
sense of the proprieties In not being
present. Rut would even a victory In
the Fifth Ward and a two-thirds ma
jority in Select Council have been worth
the price?
DO NOT ABOLISH THANKSGIVING
WE TRUST that Mr. Hoover will not
consider too seriously the proposal to
Interfere with the traditional observance
of Thanksgiving Day. It is altogether
probable that the nation as a whole will
be duly observant of conditions, without
pressure from above, and it would be n
mistake to subject tho gathering to
gether of families nnd fi lends to nibl
'trary restrictions. Certain customs that
aie part and parcel of the lles of the
people bhould never be disturbed.
Wo hope, indeed, that Thanksgiving
Day will bo made a memorable one
among our foices In the Held and In
training, with a good dinner for every
perbon In tho bervlces. Works of super
erogation ure decidedly to be avoided at
this time.
If Teddy cannot Eave Mltchcl in
New York nobody can.
if you have not pruyed in twenty
years begin again next Sunday.
Tho real Philadelphia showed It
self yesterday and will show itself again
on election day.
The high cost of liquor is tho most
economical thing we have had In a long
time. Lack 6f rum will keep tho people
In good spirits and the country on its
feet. 0
Instead of an eye-for-eyc and
tooth-for-tooth policy toward Germany, as
suggested by Dr.Henry van Dyke, tho
country Is busy with Its bond-for-a-bomb
plan, which, Incidentally, Is of more In
tel est to the people.
It Is said to bo too cold for the
students at Esslngton, so the Government
may move the aviation station to New
Orleans. This seems a little Inconsistent.
Arctic explorers very seldom train for
their trips In the Jungle.
The Italian uses twelve pounds of
sugar to the American's ninety and the
Englishman's sixty-seven. A sweet-tooth
nation can afford to cut down Its candy
consumption, especially since so many of
our dentists are needed at base hospitals
abroad. "
There nre many optimistic reasons
given for the powerful German drive
against the Italians. It may very well
be that, Austria needs to be buoyed up
with a victory, etc.. but the chief jesson
of the affair is that a nation which can
put forth a spurt like this will require
a number of drubbings before It confesses
itself beaten.
There are 18,000 school children on
half time for lack of roonvund the Hoard
of Education faces a $3,000,000 deficit. Yet
James B. Hheehan at City Hall wants
$30,000 a year (including fees) for reg
istering wills, It's up to the people to teg
ister a will at the coming election which
wll rout these ofllcoholdlng Croesuses
JKMM.aaTaaSr l JMH7UWT.
'f
M' IfrfMMHffWMs riffl- nr.-aiiiiiiilfflnlinW i MiinfiWlllilrii
EVENING LEDaBR-PHILADELPHIA, FRli)AY, 'OCTOBER 26, 1917
AN ARMY BELT
WIT,H A HISTORY
The
Famous "Sam Browne"
Strap That Goes Over
the Shoulder
THE "Sam nrowno" belt, which most
American officers would like to wear and
which all English oHlcers do wear, has a
I'r.lque history.
Of course, you hae seen It In Philadel
phia. The rich-looking, thlcT russet leather
belt, with braBS trimmings and natty sword
strap crossing tho chest and over the right
shoulder, adds a good many per cent to
the unquestioned military look and smart
ness of British officers. Even the trim
girls of the messenger motor service have
copied tho style, and they are neatness
personified.
Although new In America, the "Sam
Rrowne" belt has been known for many
5 cars In England and India; It 1ms stood
tho test of four wars at lcai,t; It was In
rented In battle; It Is cocted by millions
of English soldiers and men ; Its possession
Is a. mark of honor, and only recently lla
popularity among American army officers
caUFed high nnny officials to frown and
ponder, until finally It was mado the sub
ject of special orders from the War Depart
ment. That Is "going some," as one might say,
for a mere pleco of leather. But then the
"Sam nrowne" belt Is not mero leather.
It Is mentioned by name In tho King's
Regulations. Military etiquette decrees Just
when It should bo worn and when nut. Only
officers can wear the belt unless speclul per
mission or a warrant Is given to somo
worthy "noncoin" by tho King. Besides,
the leather Is rich and caressing; the belt
llts like a glove and combines all the quali
ties of serviceability, strength, lightness,
comfort and smartness. All agree that it
is good looking and swagger. British of
ficers cherleh their "Sam Browncs" as they
did In former jears their swords.
Coveted by Americans
American officers would like to acquire
the habit. Some few wore tho belt In this
country after General Pershing in France
had ordered Ills oilier!, to wear it III
order to Improve their military appearance.
But the War Department has tabooed the
"Sam liroune" In this country, at leaHt,
and ruled only recently that it should not
be worn.
Uelatlxe to that ruling, an English of
ficer now in Philadelphia has offered a very
uiHi-ticai suggestion as to Us cause
Your War Department nas decided not
to let American officers wear the 'Sam
Browne' belt," said he. "probably because
jou can't really get the belt In this coun-
Ho explained that although the belt
costs about $4 In England and will last a
lifetime, a few stores in America arc ask
ing from $10 up for army belts copied
fiom the "Sam Browne" "Besides," he
said, "you would have difficulty In getting a
lurge number, and for some officers who
have the belts to wear them and look more
natty than others less fortunate would not
be conducive to good army discipline."
The Inventor of the belt was nono other
than General Sir Samuel Browne, V. C.
O C. 11., K. C S. I , a dashing cavalry
leader of the Punjab frontier force in
India. General Browne fought In the In
dian Mutinv, In the Afghan wars and spent
more than thirty years In India. Ills hand-to-hand
fights, his dashing bravery, not to
mention the cavalry charges, might well
have been Immortalized by u poet had they
happened at Balaklava Instead of In Indln.
Like Lord Raglan, General Browne lost
an arm In battle. Rumor has It that the
bold cavalry lender In the heat of battle
found difficulty In keeping his empty left
sleeve from Interfering with Ills actions. lie
strapped it across his chest, and thus origi
nated the "Sam Browne" belt. All his men
were anxious to copy their leader. Lord
Robot ts, in his "Forty-one Years In India,
said of General Browne-
"A popular and gallant officer, well
known to every natlfe of Upper India as
Sam Brun Sahib and to all officers as the
Inventor of the sword-belt now adopted In
the service. He greatly distinguished him
self even In IS5S. With 230 babres of his
own regiment and 35ft native infantry ho
attacked a party of rebels at Teral and got
to the rear of the lines. In a hand-to-hand
tight which followed he got two wounds,
one In the knee, from which he nearly bled
to death, and another on the lelt shouiuer,
which rut clear through the arm. Ho well
deserved the Victoria Cross which he was
awardeil as the result of this fight. Tho
enemy was completely routed, leaving 300
dead on the field of battle."
Gyilonel Steele, head of the British re
cruiting inlbslon In Philadelphia, who was
in India more than fortv jtars. knew per
sonally Major Browne, a son of the far
famed general.
Once worn. It soon was seen that the
"Sam Biownc" belt has many qualities.
The strap Across the shoulder takes away
nil the weight ot the sword from the belt
proper, leaving the latter to fit snug and
comfortable It also takes away much
of the weight of tho automatic, water
bottle or other nccoutcrments worn by offi
cers In action. Besides, the shoulder strap
passes to the rear, where It meets the belt
proper and leaves a place through which to
paxs and carry a slicker capo or light top
coat. "Sam Browne" Etiquette
Now for tho etiquette nf the "Sam
Browne" belt. All British officers on duty
have to wear it. Not to do o would leave
them open to a reprimand. Tho British
officer either Is on duty or on leave. When
not on leave, he has to wear the belt, with
a few well-known exceptions.
The belt Is not to be worn at tho formal
mess held once a week, whenever possible,
In each battnllon. The band Is one of the
features of the meal. Besides, all officers
itand at their places until the colonel or
commanding officer has been seated. At
this function two men only are allowed to
wear the belt Not only are they allowed
to do so. but the regulations require that
they should. They are the orderly officer
of the day and the medical brigade officer
of the day. They really are on active duty
and must wear tha belt to show that that
Is the case.
It Is not considered good military eti
quette to wear the "Sam Browne" belt In
a drawing room with ladles present or ut
any social function. The belt Is a sign
that the officer Is on duty. When entering
a dining room to attend some social func
tion, the officer should leave his belt with
Jils military cap outside.
Kngllsh officers admitted that they are
inclined to be somewhat lax In this rule
and that many of them wear their belts at
many social gatherings. They said, how
ever, that such was not strictly In accord
ance with good form.
I.Ike our own gold hat cord, the "Sam
Browne" belt Is the sure Insignia "of the
British officer.
Incidentally, It was said once of Nletzsch'e
that not one In ten of his critics could spell
his name correctly. The comparison Is
very far fetched, of course, but it has been
noticed that a lew omcers who oppose the
"Sam Browne" belt because of Its ultra
Kngltsh smartness themselves spell It just
plain "Brown" Instead of "Browne." In
England a man might be court-martialed
for such gross carelessness I p, h, qp p,
HAD EXPERIENCE
It was necessary for one man to stand
up and draw the enemy's Are. A soldier
volunteered and fortunately not one of the
bullets struck him. When the charge was
over the captain said to the brave fellow
"Where did you get the wonderful nerve
to stand out there and make yourself a
target for the bullets of the enemyT"
The other smiled.
"For live years." ne answered. "I was a
guide in the Maine woods'Boston Tran-
"For Uve years," he answered,
r T '
Tom Daly's Column
TUB DELL TAKEB AH AUllXO
Here tho comcsl Bhifs Wdltip out,
Where her myriad lovers wall,
And thoie lovers stand and shout,
As she passes bv tn slate.
Hound her car, the marching feet,
Bnapplnp banners and the sweet
Purr of reverent voices meet
In this canyon of the street;
Meet and blend to music rare,
Throbbing In the frosty air,
ltcar, old Bell, and never doubt
We arc glad to see you outt
These arc tlcmocralic times.
High aloofness will not do;
Louder than your earlier chimes
Speaks the muted voice of you.
Aye, and since you're who you are.
You should often mount your car.
And, In spite of jolt and jar,
Jeoparding your ancient scar,
House the folk along your way
As you're stirring them today.
Hear, old Hell, and never doubt,
R'c arc ylad to see you outt
Who may gage what deeds of gold
Here this very day you've donet
Who shall count the Bonds you've sold
For the shackling of tho Hunt
That's the thing for you to dot
Even though you break tn two,
Take an airing In your car
Where the common people arc;
Stay not always In your Hall
Where you're seldom seen at all.
Hear, old Bell, oh, hear us shout;
We are glad to see you outt
AVlien the Liberty Bond parade etaued
up Fifth streot from Walnut yesterday
ono of the marchers In the first rank of
civilians kept looking behind him nppie
henslvcly. Whon ho reached Chestnut
street ho deliberately leaped across the
street car track. "For the lovo o' Mike,
what alls you?" asked Fllcs-on-parade.
"Nothing now," said he; "we're out of tho
Fifth Wnrd, thank Heaven!"
AMONG tho offerings to bo laid upon
tho grave of Bob Fltzslmmcns, hero Is a
wreath of Immortelles handed In by
C. U. Vg who lifts It from "The Prodigal
and Other Poems," by Peter McArthur:
"ALL IN'
"I'm all Inl" Dob fltsslmmons.
Not on your ,lfe. Bob : nut on your lite
The Mute salutes jou!
And If there still be vtrtur left In catgut.
In brass, or wood, she'll .--.( a tave thate
"orth:
The squarest. narrtest-hlttlng slugger that
ever pawed the sawdust!
The man with tho wallop!
"All In!"
Not on your life!
Your place Is with the veteran heroes, with
tho elder statesmen.
Another may wear jour laurels, but cannot
blur your record! '
Hero of twenty score hard-fought battles,
An In-tighter who gave and took with a
Joyous ferocity!
Who fought manfully and a3 manfully lost!
Move up there, you immortals!
Mako room for a gladiator not for a
grafter!
Here Is a tall fellow of his hands whoso
hands are clean!
A rough-Jointed, red-headed, .ant-browed
troglodyte !
Such a one as might have wielded the ccstus
Before applauding Rome!
.Make room, I say!
line we who have roared and catcalled
by the ring-side.
Whooped, yelled, howled and tra -iled on
our hats
As ho grinned back at us In his hour of
triumph
A freckled, fierce, loose-llp'ped satyr
Take off our hats to add state tu his exit.
"Al. In!"
Not on your life, Bob!
You have fought your last battle,
But It was the last of many.
And though lost, was not without glory.
Step up to your place with the Immortals
And live long to awe the youngsters
With the tales of your prowess.
"Tho man with tho wallop." That's
how Fitzsimmons will bo remembered
above all his fellow fighters, before or
since. "It was Fitzsimmons," sold Fred
Keats, writing In tho New York Evening
Sun the other day, "who developed the art
of landing a knockout with a short Jolt
that traveled but a few Inches Instead of
the old round-arm swing. In striking
these short blows he held his arm rigid
and close to his side, using the power
of his tremendous shoulders to drive his
fist home."
But before the lanky one came to these
6horcs there was an amateur champion
In this town who had won innumerable
contests in Just that way. Many a time
In the old Schuylkill Navy clubrooms we
had seen one Bill Rocap bring home the
bacon with that little short chopper to
the chin.
BEFORE US lies a menu of the "Din
ner for the St. Andrew's Society at tho
St. Lawrence Hotel (wherever that was),
Monday, November 30th, 1857,"
Hardly-a man Is now allfe,
(Pronounce It so to make the rhyme)
Who piled a fork or spoon or knife
In that pre-IIoovcr time;
And any greedy guest who tried
To sample all that was supplied,
He must to get his just desserts)
Have simply burst and died!
For, by actual count, we find upon the
time-yellowed list elghty-four separate
Items, udder fourteen classifications. Of
"hot side dishes" there were twenty, and
the names of some are Greek to us in this
day. For Instance, "Ladles' Mouth,
Queen Style." Then there were "Pigeons
In Form of Pear," "Arcade of Fowl, Sauce
Slushrooms," "Chartreuse of Partridge,"
"Chevallere of Capons with TruIUes."
Oysters "in paper cases" and "in rhayon
nalse" were dainties wlilch seem not to
have survived the war; at any rate, we
never encountered them. Also, the wait
ers must have been giants In those days.
The New York municipal board of in
ebriety reports that the Increased cost of
llc,uor has "reduced the number of
drunks."
Remember the story that came up from
the South several years ago when
Georgia went dry? Cracker to his son,
"Hitch up the mule, Zeke. Reckon TH
take the twenty-mile Ja'nt to the border
f git a drink." "Kaln't do it. Pap, mule's
lame." "So? Then I'll walk." "Won't
do ye no good, Pap; bridges down."
"Heck! then I'll stay home. Rum ain't
got no hold on me."
Boarding a street car in Hartford the
other evening we were instantly, but for
a moment only, translated to our late
boyhood. The conductor did it by de
manding an extra penny when we banded
him a nickel, A six-cent carfare took im
K.f, inln h PhlladelnMa f k. iST
back '" Fhnadelphla of the lte
A "CROOKED STICK TO SCOTCH A SNAKE" IS JUSTIFIABLE
X'M&&&,Je
,:;r.H
Geography as
a cause of war
Germany's Position Led to Pre
paredness, Says Dr. J.
Russell Smith
"W?
HY did Germany provide herself with
great military machine and how
did she develop It?" This question, asked
over and over again since tho outbreak of
the war, was answered by Dr. J. Russell
Smith, professor of Industry, tn a recent lec
ture on "English Individualism and Ger
man Collectivism" nt the Wharton School,
University of Pennsylvania.
"The geographical location of Germany
alone Is responsible for the development of
its wonderful military machine and pos
sibly even the war," said Doctor Smith.
"For the name reason England was bo un
prepared and delayed In its development.
England Is a big Island surrounded by the
sea. Germany Is Inland, surrounded, con
fined and, the German thinks, squeezed In
by other countries. It has no chance to
expand, hut that Is not the main reason
for Its militarism.
"For centuries Germany has been the
battleground for the ravages of tribes, clans
nnd countries, Throughout the ages It has
been sacked, pillaged and Insulted. Eng
land, on the other hand, protected by the
sens, has escaped molestation, excepting for
tho visits of occasional bands of pirates
who visited, the Isles and made way with
what stuff they could.
"Germany and England have the same
climate and the same resources, but you
will mid that 'the Englishman demands In
dividual rights, while the German submits
to organization. Why? Because England
has been free and open ; Germany has been
subject to Invasions.
When Berlin Was Sacked
"The sacking of Berlin by the Russians
In 1740 was (he greatest asset to the mili
tary development of the Germans that his
tory has recorded. The looting of the
capital has been kept before the German
mind ever since. Never again should t,hls
be repeated; hence we have a reason for
the building up of defensive strength.
"In 1804 after Napoleon had conquered
and subdued vast areas of Europe he was
ready to assail London. But a little silvery
area lay between England and the main
land the sea. He must use a fleet to make
the conquest of England.
"All was In readiness. Napoleon paced
up and down the shore like a lion, watting
for his fleet to come; Impatient to get at
London. He waited and waited. But the
fleet never came. Nelson had In the mean
while encountered Napoleon's ships and
beaten them. England was saved. In the
Napoleonic wars Prussia was sacked,
humiliated and Insulted, while England had
not been molested. Germany had been
taught a great lesson. She had come to
realize the necessity of self-defense, and
to this end she has utilized every resource,
human and material. 'Scientific develop
ment Is the key to an understanding of
Germany.
"To defend and make herelf powerful
she needed trained men. In training her
men she began with education, and Ger
many leads the world In education. She
rewards scientific attainment as the United
States and England do not. Her universi
ties have developed and tAUght physics, and
chemistry, and these sciences are "the
making of manufacture. She thus cams
naturally by her position of leadership In
chemical manufacture.
The cessation of German trade caused
by the war brought great disturbance to
the American supplies of dyestuffs. drurs,
photographic supplies, potash and other
chemicals. Thus Germany's meager sup
ply of poor brown coal la made usable by
being compressed Into briquettes. The
Diesel engine, which uses crude petroleum
In place of gasoline, Is a German Univer
sity product So Is the Zeiss glass that
makes nearly all the hlgh-claes lenses In
the world.
Agricultural Science
'Thus we aee how she went about her
education and the results she has. And
this was one great ejep In developing her
people for defense, '
"Agriculture ts equally scientific, On her
area, which Is smaller than that of Texas,
Germany has twenty-six more experiment
intinna than are to be found In the whale.
United States. The utilisation of t
I J "t)M) y, a mwm'oi m
United States. The utilisation of the fceet
AND, WE HOPE, EFluxiVJii
scientifically forested Her swamps are
made Into fish ponds, where carp and trout
nre fed as wo feed poultry In a yard. There
aro many llsh growers' associations In the
empire, and the total area of fish ponds ap
proaches 200,000 acres. In Saxony they
cover one-half of 1 per cent of the area.
The dog and the cow aro made to work as
draft animals.
"Germany has turned out chemists by tho
tens of thousands, while at Oxford Univer
sity, England, chemists are called the
'stinks.' German statesmen are doctors of
philosophy, for they must be students of
science, of law and of government to be
statesmen.
"Then came the next step toward pre
paredness the building of good cities. To
have good Infantrymen Germany realized
she would have to have good cities, few
poor people, good health and labor laws,
A man without his fingers would make
a poor soldier. A man living In Blums
would be likewise useless for tho army.
So she did away with slums, dangerous
labor prncticcs, etc., by framing labor
laws which were the admiration ot the
world.
ThorQughly Prepared
"Now Germany w'as ready, to prepare
for war. She had attained a wonderful
degree of education, which made it possi
ble, to get the most out of the country's
resources, to provide the necessaries for the
army with tho achievements and wonders
of science. She had provided that her men
he reared In healthful and safe cities so
they would be strong and bound for tho In
fantry. "England developed foreign trade and
gathered her wealth so that she might build
and operate a gigantic and powerful fleet.
She meant to make her defense by means
of the water with which she Is surrounded.
A fleet can be manned by a few men, so
volunteers sufficed. She had become mis
tress of the seas, and Instead of developing
her natural resources depended on her
fleet to bring her supplies.
"Germany, on the other hand, began by
giving every able-bodied mother's son mili
tary training and physical education. The
military training continued and at a mo
ment's notice her great army of students
was ready to drop test tubes and books and
grab rifles. Not only had Germany pre
pared her men, but she had made elaborate
stores of equipment for tho use of her
future armies.
"The Teutonic nation had provided for a
completeness of supply, utilizing every re
source, even the smallest which we are
wont to overlook. She had learned to feed
herself. In fact, as recently as 1912 the
Kaiser had said, "We must feed ourselves.'
"England Is a land of pastures. I have
?een endless miles of pasture lands In Eng
and which grow nothing more than the
English mutton chops and roast beef. But
mutton chops and roast beef won't feed an
army. '
"Germany raised one-fourth of the
world's rye crop. The peasants nnd factory
workers eat most of It In the form of black"
bread, which, after all. Is nearly as nour
ishing as wheat bread. The potato was
more Important In Germany than any grain,
The crop Is 20 bushels per capita;
Austria has 17: Belgium, 11; the United
States, 4, and Italy, 2. Although the Germans
ato three times as many potatoes per capita
as we do, they consumed only about one
fourth ot the crop. The farm animals con
sumed even a larger proportion. Potatoes
were used for starchmaklng. for alcohol
and half a million tons were dried.
"So they prepared for war. Germany
was In complete scientific readiness ; Reg
land was not Germany worked hard on
the submarine development until they came
to a stage which made this Invention prac
tical for war use-
"Before science In general should learn
to conquer the submarine, Germany un
doubtedly felt that this was her chance to
get at England's gtgantlo fleet And now
we have a great war."
, ROAD RULES
Stand straight:
Step firmly, throw your weight ;
The heaven-l" high above your head,
The good gray road is faithful to your
tread.
Be strong'- ...,,,
fling to your heart a battle song:
Though hidden foemen He in wait,
Something Is n you that can smile at Fate.
press throush;
HotfctMC can harm If you are true.
Am4 'we M Miwtt com, rest:
afel2jMs&' " ""XtW" bKaU
jWsWttttM.
i tW
What Do You Know?
1 QUIZ
1. What la the distinctive feature of the Girr
school Nstem. and vrhjr Is It now "Is
uolltlcs"?
2. Who Is Itoald AmandienT
3. Trnt.r-fln. Ilrltinh merchantmen were inns
lftht week. Is that an Increase or de
crense? 4. In what country will vVrtunlLr all of tha
Liberty Loan money be spent?
5. Of the four Eospelt three are called "Us
anoptlc cosnels." Which three are tfctHT
0. Mho was Count Pulaski?
7. Bid our flair ever hnve more than thirteen
stripes?
8. In what country Is Parliament called
"Cortes"?
0. About what nerrentace of the pooolatlon (
Utah Is In the Mormon Church?
10. What nurt of South America belonts to
l'runce?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
I.
titockholdrrs of record"! this form f
expression refers to those to whom dUV
dends nre naiublrt for example. dliUeod
may be nnjuble to "stockholders of rec
ord ot October 1." Those who hold shares
on that dute receive dividends.
2. II le lureest cities: tandon. about 4.0O0.0CK)
In registration urra. 7.2X0,000 In metre
imlltun district. New York, about 8,!M,
DuOi metropolitan. l.mw.OW. l'siit.
S.VOO.OOHi uietropollt-in, 4.ZO0.000. Cbl
raco, 2.SUO.UOO. Itertln. 2,100.000,
3. Jefferhon was thtrtv-thrcn when he nroie
the Declaration ot Independence.
4. t'aduceusi undent herald's wand, especUUr
on carried by messencer-sod .viercury.
5. "Doic-robber"! private acttnc uj officer's
servant
Th. tiM-nlur nttllltet has rej
emo to the ract mat in ucn semir.
:" ..---' -r-r." . :- - ..
man often gets better food then other
privutes.
0. Macliado Is President of Portugal.
7. The Klne names Kncllsh bishops.
8. I'urty strength tn. .House of Commjnil
Unionists. 283i l.lbcruls and Labor, Mil
Ministerialists. 2l Independent. It Ksuos
nllsts. S4,
0, Khukl Is from the Hindu word "dusty.
color of the uniform material peine aim
colored. 10. Rucksack: b.iB. slung by straps f rom iWJ
tmouldcrt and resting on back for earn
ing walker'a or climber's baggage.
WHAT SALT MEANS TO A FISH
WHEN tho crawfish Is put Into sea water,
or into water artificially Baited. It ales
Inversely. If we put Into '"
essentially marine creature like a Jellywn.
it gives up Its life quite as Quickly.
The cause ot these sudden deaths n
been attributed to poisoning by salt, but
we now know that this Is Incorrect. TM
salt acts chiefly by Its "osmotic P0er'
When a fresh-water creature Is "
plunged into sea water, the latter attract
as It were, the creature's Interior IM
and "dries It up" (a frog l?s thu.5 "h:
fourth of its weight), especially In ,
places where the skin Is thin and the or
gans delicate, as with the lunf- . "
shrivel up and fall to act and there w
rapid death from asphyxia. , .
Likewise, when a marine creature, Bj u
rated with salt, is plunged Into treshj
it swells rapidly, especial y at certain
points, notably the lungs, and cannot mft"
taonl,the seashore, however. H Is not ug.
usual to see crabs living as well In bracK
lsh water as in sea water. omeUraei i even
reaching fresh water and living a calm . Wt
normal' life In ponds. Also natn.h may
found often in rivers; they law",
caught In the Loire and even in the AWr.
J00 miles from salt water. fl
In the course of an animal's lift mod"
cations occur In Its organism that enw
It to be more or less resistant. It Is wu
that the salmon can leave salt "JJ
spawn In fresh water streams and Ui
eels leave the latter to deposit their '
In the sea, .i, natsr.
Fish In passing from salt to '
or vice versa, adapt themselves IIUUW
little to the new medium by P"
through estuaries where the degree of
Is Intermediate. Experimentally tht w
dlllons may be reproduced by ncrW.,lnt0
or diminishing the saltness ; the trick i
ptoceed slowly and progresilvely, For
stance.-goldfish may be il SJJi
In salt water, which, eplUii i the r occur
rence eyen In the Baltic and Caep'"- ,B
These adaptations may &. ,u
tha same Individual, or. better still. "
descendants; it la an almost n'?4 '"J
that the progeny of a cwluw rdrt M
envtronriient better than th PJ"" 7?.
it we salt progressively fresh ".
talnlng daphnlldae. these sma vWtoc
win nnally die. nut u we ..v .-- .
the esa-s will Tiatch And the y,unL'3l1
thrive as U WXhknr hPPnai-prv
Cups to I
1
J