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EVENING LEDGEB-PHILADELPHXA:, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1917
,
12
'?
UAJSTRATSo
Leunfn5,sti1CEiiBcr
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
CttlUS II. K. CURTIS, FiraitttXT
Charles If, Ludtntton, Vice President! John
f. Martin
secretary ana Treasurer) rniiip .
i;onin, John Jl. . Williams
John J. Spurgeon,
v ii. wnaier, Director!
EDITOniAL COXnDl
Cries II. K. CcaTti, Chairman.
II. WliALET Editor
JOHN C. MAnTIN..Oneral Business Manager
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BELL. JOOO WALNUT KEYSTONE. MAIN J0O0
aTMcfdroj nil rommvnlmfiotn (o Evening
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ivtibed it Tnx rnn-apgirnu rHToricx as
ISCUSfc-CLAiS UAll MaTTna
Philadelphia. Thuridi;, October 15, 1917
NO PEACE FOR KAISERISM
rpiIE persistence of pcuce talk is at once
ominous nnd heartening. It is omi
nous because much of It originates in
sources unfriendly to democracy and is
devised to strengthen tho hands of paci
fists and Inveigle American public opinion
Into demanding a cessation of the enor
mous expenditure and preparation now
under way.
The prodigious machinery of American
lam is being brought Into play with mar
velous rapidity. It was not dreamed in
Germany that this nation would do any
thing more than conduct passive warfare.
Teutonic secret agents were unanimous
In reportlns that American public opin
ion4 would never peirnlt conscription,
would never countenance transporta
tion of an army to France, would
never indorse huge loans to foreign
nations, would neve. , in fact, allow an
thing more than a pretense ot belllger
ency. For our honor's sake wo would
appear to fight, but for our pocket's
sake we would do nothing to hasten tho
termination of the conflict and the dis
continuance of the enormous profits re
sulting from war business. That wa3
the German view, and It is a view still
held by a very largo part of the German
public.
The German Government, on tho
other hand, is fully Informed and has
begun to reallzo the colossal blunder com
mltted by forcing this country Into the
war. It is disconcerted by the tremen
dous influence ot President Wilson In
Russia, an influence which has unques
tionably saved tho new Republic and given
hope of Its power to ride the storm. It
la amazed, too, by the very apparent
effect of the Wilson notes on the German
mind. It requires no rigorous analysis to
show that tho growth of independence
throughout Germany has been mamea
and progressive for the last six months.
More depressing still to the junkers is
the increasing disaffection of Austria.
And the enormous prestige of America
throughout the Balkans Is a factor of
really great Importance. To be arrayed
against the fabulously rich Giant ot tho
West, holder of that Garden of Hcsperldes
whence so many Immigrants returned
with tales of wealth and gold to prove
them, was something more than Hun
garian or Bulgarian. had bargained for
When fighting the Kaiser's battles.
Add to these moral factors, at last so
well appreciated by the junker mind, the
appalling prodigality of American prepa
ration and It is easy to understand tho
nervousness ot Berlin and the frantic
efforts of the military class to avoid the
approaching hurricane. It was all very
well to belittle this country and laugh
at its military power, but our armies
have grown magically, with all tho expe
rience of France, England and Italy avail
able as an aid In training, and there is
no more efficient body of troops in tho
world than Pershing's force In France.
The British army is now invincible."
Winn. Lloyd George. That Is being
proved every day. But there was vlrttf
ally no British army three years ago.
There was no American rray a year ago,
but there Is one now and others are on
- the way. The American navy has taken
half the terror out of the submarine cam
palgn, not because It is more efficient
than other navies, but It added numbers
to, efficiency. We are about to give the
Allies complete dominance of the air. So
In the three arms, aerial, naval and mili
tary, we supply decisive power, and we
back it by a moral ascer.Iancy that in.
.'' -ereases day by day, week by week, and
&k evidenced In the accession of nation
after nation to the common cause.
It, all comes down to this: The Kaiser
U Whipped and ho knows It. His dynasty
k.c5tVji"ln danger, his autocratic dreams are
wfj ........ ....... i..- .. . ..
f JX' "WltnQUv lunner iwu, ma ucapuusm in
'M the edge of ruin, an Imperial Germany
no longer a possibility and the whole
ructure of destructive domination of the
Is about to topple over. The men-
of neace la the menace of a peace
$,. iMW these desirable and blood-bought
'Yr iaaltsi have been accomplished. We
MMrW ay Mtrl the war
, fc at
government that provoked tt. Our mis
slon is th mission we had In Cuba, only
on a Grander scale.
The heartening ftaturo of peaco talk,
on the other hand, Is the testimony It
offers of tho approaching dissolution of
Teutonic alliances. We look for revolu
tionary developments to the south of Ger
many beforo the winter breaks. Our
entrance Into tho struggle was not a bat
tle, but It Is becoming more nnd more
apparent that It was civilization's Gettys
burg in this superwar.
"INSIDE HISTORY"
HEN Mr. Trainer, at the recent iron-
V git
hearing, volunteered tho Informa
tion that appropriations for rapid transit
were hold up under orders from "above,"
which orders were that Director Taylor
should not get $30,000,000 nor a single
dollar more than public opinion could bo
persuaded to accept, he did not state the
entire proposition.
As a. matter of fact, the men "higher
up" did not Intend to lot the transit de
partment have a nickel. They put through
an ordinance with a Joker In It, relying on
Director Taylor to recommend that
Mayor Blankonburg veto tho aforesaid
oidlnunce. Mr. Taylor, however, was far
sighted enough to know that work must
be begun and the city be dedicated to
the plan or it would be another genera
tion before rapid transit could be got.
He saw a way to get around the Joker,
and he amazed obstructionists by accept
ing tho ordinance and Betting the money.
The protagonists of backwardness had
been a little too slick.
Of course. It Mr. Taylor had got tho
$30,000,000 ho then wnnted, at least
$15,000,000 would ultimately havo been
saved to the city, for construction prices
were at a low level.
VOLUNTEERS!
N
OT a few of these letters havo been
torn to shreds by nngry recipients:
Dear Sir A Voluntary Contribution to
the Republican Central Campaign Com
mittee for the necessary expenses to
conduct a successful campaign will be
much appreciated.
Yours very truly.
Harry C. Hanslcy, Chairman.
Check should bo drawn to the order of
Thomas F. Watson, treasurer.
The capital "V" In Voluntary is for
some reason very suspicious to those who
have been called upon to volunteer. They
say It looks more like selective conscrip
tion. Many of them have mado inroads
upon their Incomes to buy Liberty Bonds.
And why, many of them want to know,
should they be asked to buy Slavery
Bonds?
A REAL MAN
A REAL man created a mild sensation
In a restaurant last night. "Take
away the wheat bread; I didn't ask for
tt," ho observed In tones loud enough to
be heard half way across tho room.
It Is not necessary to be violent about
It, but some ono has to break the Ice.
When every waiter and hoadwalter has
heard that Rort of talk a few times res
taurant managers will get over the timid
ity with which they are asking patrons
if they would like to try graham rolls
and corn muffins.
Don't ask them what they want. Give
them what they ought to have.
NATURALIZED HEROES
0
F SIXTY-SEVEN men who died for
their country on the transport An
tilles, at least thirty-two were of foreign
birth. Parents of many of the others
were doubtless foreigners. Two had next
of kin living In Germany. Kleber,
Swartzberg, Robin, Erlksen, Igholm.
Llaret, Llarst, Mlchlelc, Doufers, Rod
riguez our new Roll of Honor has not
the Anglo-Saxon sound of the names of
tho Valley Forge heroes.
The man with tho foreign name does
not feel at home In other countries. Here
ho actually boasts of his alien origin, and
native Americans have a peculiar sym
pathy for Immigrants who quickly adapt
themselves to our customs. If tho prin
ciples of 1770 and 1789 could have been
Intrusted only to native Colonial stock
for perpetuation, they would have been
discarded, for that part of our population
fell into tho minority long ago. Our Im
migrants could have voted America Inside
out and perhaps have given us a Eu
ropean form of government, Jf they had
wanted to. That they did not do so Is
a fundamental source of American pride.
Our melting pot really melts and
fuses men, but It does not produce a fear
ful and Incongruous new citizen. It turns
out tho samo old type, with Washington
and Lincoln as the patterns, though tho
name may originate anywhere from Jut
land to Jerusalem.
If we could save enough whisky
for two years, why can't we save enough
sugar for two months?
About the most the "Republican"
faction will do is to assist In the election
of the District Attorney.
The Germans are having a great
tlmo In tho Baltic. Never mind. Tho
Alabama finally met the Kearsarge.
Congress, with tho rest of Wash
ington, will be dry this coming winter;
but that is no reason why it should be
dull.
The exit of the flve-cent cigar Is a
sad blow to the politician who always
used It for a cheap bribe. He will now
havo to pay the price. Many a good voto
has been lost by a bad cigar.
It Is not news for a witness to
testify that the police "deviled" him.
The police and the devil seem to have
been in cahoots for many months. The
thing is to find the chief devil.
Lloyd George's announcement that
twice as many submarines have been
sunk In the last ten months aa were sent
to the bottom In 1816 readily explains
why German sailors have balked at going
on U-boat service.
French Cabinets are unstable, not
because their country is In doubt about
fighting on, but because It Is unanimous
for fiffht t0 finish. It Is when men
are tremendously In aarnett about reach-
lap ; pwa Mif IHm tiw t4C
HOME GARDENS
HELP THE ALLIES
Enough to Feed 2,300,000 Sol
diers a Year Raised in Them
Last Summer
By CHARLES LATHROP PACK
President the National Emergency rood Garden
Commission.
THIS is tho tlmo for stock taking In con
nection with the food situation. We
hao had a growing reason which broke
all records and was generally beyond ex
pectations. Tho work ot gardening, ot
canning and of drying vegetables and fruits
has been under way In the land, from
Mnino to California and from tho Lakes to
the Gulf, and has justified all belief as to
success. It Is Important to consider what
this means. It means 1.160,000 acres of
city and town land undor cultivation the
post season for tho first tlmo. Urban and
suburbnn America bocamo a vast garden
as tho result of tho Impulse given to tho
nation by the National Emergency Food
Garden Commission. Our natton-wlde sur
vey located nearly 3,000.000 such gardens.
This Is only a beginning. What shall tho
harvest bo next year?
In our one year of cxporlence It lo con
servatlo to state that by the planting of
gardens the nation's food supply has been
Increased to tho extent of more than $360,
000,000. Next year wo will do even better.
We will then hae more war gardens and
tho average production will bo larger. With
a better knowledge thero will bo fewer
failures
Any Inventory of the food situation must
leckon this great garden frultfulncss as a
vital fnctor. Ab Us first duty, already ac
complished, It has been of great value In
keeping down tho coBt of living for tho peo
ple of America. Household expenses havo
been bad enough as It Is. That they would
havo been far worse without this garden
crop Is obvious.
The significance of this planting doe3 not
end with the summer Eeason. Tho war gar
dens will oxert their Influence on the cost of
living during tho winter months. Tho In
dividual citizen has realized that the over
supply of tho growing season must bo trans
lated Into terms of abundance for the win
ter. This realization has brought about
such activity In household conservation as
America has never before known. Food
saving and food conserving nro becoming
national characteristics. From a wasteful
nation America Is being transformed Into a
nation alert to the needs of the future. Tho
keynote of this new national spirit has been
that nothing should bo allowed to go to
waste that nothing useful should bo
thrown away.
Cost of Feeding the Soldiers
War has made Uncle Sam tho biggest
buyer of food In this country. Tho board
till, for his soldiers will soon be at least
$1,000,000 a day We are to have 2,300,000
or more men under arms shortly, according
to Secretary Baker. At forty cents a day
food cost per man It will bo seen what
that means.
I am told that the reserve stock of food
stuffs at each camp Is worth $125,000, and
there are thlrty-threo camps In the country
today. This nr-ans that food valued nt
$4,125,000 Is taken out of the regular chan
nels of trade production and consumption.
These figures give but a small Idea of the
need of food co-'servat'nn on the pirt of
the Individual at this t'n-- rnd the need will
be greater next year. Tho National Fmer
gency Food Garden Commission urges every
soldier of the soil to promote himself at once
to a colonel of conservation and to make
plans for gardening and for conserving gar
den food In 1918 ns never before.
The glass-jar manufacturers of this
country havo delivered during tho season
of 1917 about 119,000.000 glass jars. A
survey of the household supply of Jars used
for canning and preserving In some twenty
typical towns throughout the country
showed that the housewives of America In
1917 used but ono new Jar to over three
and one-quarter old glass jars which were
already on hand. Thus, you sec that In
conservative terms the home women of
our country put up nearly 500,000.000
quart jars of vegetables and fruits, certain
ly three times what had been accomplished
In any season before. Next year, profiting
by their experience of this year, they will
can, I believe, millions more, and more will
bo needed.
The commission is, of course, gratified
at tho success of Its work In behalf of food
thrift, and congratulates all who have had
a part In this patriotic effort.
This war will be won In large part by
fighting with food. Wo will do our duty
In this hour of trial, and wo have no greater
duty than the production and conservation
of food. This war Is as much our war as
It is the war of Europe, and unless we can
keep the soldiers and tho women and chil
dren of our Allies fed, tho western line of
defense may be thrown back toward the
Atlantic seaboard, and It Is well within
possibility that In that case we would seo
tho enemy's army on our shores.
Danger of Starving Our Allies
To prevent this disaster calls for the
best effort of every American household.
You cannot starve Germany, Ambassador
Gerard has told us so, and from tho avail
able evidence I believe he Is right ; but
we will starve our allies If we are so short
sighted, small and mean and unpatriotlo as
not to deserve the name of Americans. This
must not be! It will not be!
The town or city farmer who can raise
cen half of his winter supply of vege
tables Is able, as a result, to accomplish
much as a constructive citizen. In other
words, we must make a big drive to pro
duce food in this country as near tho point
of consumption as possible, rout tho middle
man and tho cold-storage man and help
the railroads Id the tremendous transpor
tation problem that confronts them while
tho country is at war.
Glass jars and all other containers must
be conserved this winter and the manu
facturers must next year be prepared to
meet tho largest demand for them the
country has even seen.
To win the final victory in the great
war America must feed not only herself
and her fighting forces, but she must help
to feed tho people of England, France, Italy
and Russia. To do this with the highest
measure of efficiency Is the real problem.
THE WAR GLOBE
Herrmann, the famous conjurer,
Took rabbits from a hat,
And omelets, eggs and peeping- chicks,
All In a manner pat;
And Hindu necromancers oft
Have thrilled the laymen's anal,
Producing living goldfish from
An empty crystal bowl.
But Uncle Sam can beit them all.
And show them something new
And far more wonderful than what
These wizards used to do.
Into a globe ot glass before'
You kno what he's about
He puts "? PC XT
m annr .safca .,
Tom Daly's Column
WIBE VP
There was a won in our toum
TVVio thought that he was wise;
lie Jumped in (rode and got himself
In debt up to his eves.
But when he saw Ms error,
With all his might and main
lie scraped some cash together
And Jumped in trade again.
And note this man of our town
Is REALLY TRULY WISE.
"I'm making money noto," sais he,
"Because I advertise."
Babes in the Air
If 'ever you wero waited upon In a
Rlker A Hegcman drug storo by an oblig
ing red-haired chap with a pronounced
English accent, you probably mado up
your mind that Froderlc Carr for very
likely It was, Indeed, ho mado an ideal
drug clerk.
But only a llttlo more than six months
ago ho ceased to bo that, and now comes
a letter from him upon tho stationery of
the Royal Flying Corps, Waddlngton,
Lincoln, England, which will drop a bomb
upon somo of your notions about flying
nnd filers.
This eighteen-year-old lad's letter
comes through qulto uncensored and was
written without an eye to publication
being Just a boy's natural recital of his
day'a work for tho benefit of one of his
cronies left behind. Hero aro some ex
cerpts: I smoke a good deal now between fifteen
and twenty cigarettes a day but I must
cut It out when I get to France, as wo fly
ory high thero nnd young chaps have a
knack ot fainting when up high, especially
when they smoke much.
You would think a chap would have to
keep himself lit and healthy when flying,
but I was never more out of form In my
life. I go to bed at about midnight nnd get
up about 9. Don't do a stroke of work
all dny. Once in a while I do a llttlo flying,
but If it were not for the fact that the linn
gars aro about ono nnd a hn.f miles from
tho mess and we have to walk down there
to report twice a day, I believe I would rot
qulto away. And everybody else Is tho
same. We are In the British army, but
aro the most twoldierly peoplo conceivable.
Everything Is beautifully lax and wo all
enjoy life lmmense.y.
I havo turned out to be, much to my sur
prise, a "stunt merchant." I have "looped."
"spun," "rolled," "Immelmanned," "split
tailed" and "splralcd" everything but fly
upside down. A D. H. 4 won't fly upside
down the engine will stop.
All pilots beforo they go to France do
these stunt" as part of their flying. There's
really not much In them. No pleasure, any
way. It's much nicer to watch a machine
stunting than to stunt one yourself. There's
a complete lack of feeling In flying, which
really bores ono sometimes. Since
I left Canada several hundred moro pilots
have arrived from there.
Some of the chaps here aro nothing more
than little boys. Nine out ot ten are under
twenty years My roommate's brother has
Just Jotned and he Is Just ov-.- Blxtecn. I'm
sure there are many of these here who aro
that age, but, of course, they always give In
their age at eighteen or nineteen. In order
to bo accepted It's a funny thing after
you've been watching a two-ton bun with a
few hundred horsepower engine, dolrg nil
kinds of stunts up In the air. to seo an ob
ject :il;e a teddy bear climb out of tho cock
pit, and. on d'vestlng Itself of Its numer
ous skins, turn out to bo some kid who had
just left school to Join tho R. F. C. You'd
swear that some of them wero Just babes-ln-arms.
Not me, of course, for I havo
grown a little yellow mustache, so peoplo
can see at once that I am an cldorly per
ion who doesn't treat life as a Joko.
Hero's a sample ot tho wholesome
quality In Edgar A. Guest's now book,
Just Folks":
WIIEX XELLWS ON THE JOB
The bright spots In mv life arc when the
servant quits the place,
Although that grim disturbance brings a
frown to Keltic's face;
The week between the oW girl's reign and
entry of the neto
Is one that's filled with happiness and
comfort through and through.
The cfiarm of living's lack again a
charm that servants rob
I Wee the home, I like the meals, when
Xcllte's on the Job.
There's something in a servant's ways,
hoicever fine they be.
That has a colrf and distant fottcTi and
frets the soul of me.
The old homo itcver looks so well, as in
that week or two
That we are servantlcss and Xell has all
the work to do.
There is a sense of comfort then that
makes my pulses throb
And home is as it ought to be when,
Nellie's on the Job.
Think not that I'd deny her help or
grudge the servant's pay;
When one departs we try to get another
right aivay;
I merely state the simple fact that no
such Joys I've known
As In those few brief days at fiome when
we've been left alone.
There is a gentleness that seems to
soothe Hits selfish elf
And, oh, I like to eat those meals that
Nellie gets herself 1
You cannot' buy the gentle touch that
mother gives the place;
No servant girl can do the work with
Just the proper grace.
And though you hired the queen of
cooks to fashion your croquettes.
Her vicals would not compare with those
your loving comrade gets;
So, though the maid has quit again, and
she Is moved to sob,
The old home's at Its finest now, for
Nellie's on the Job.
BONO: LLOYD OEOIiQE
The gentle dove may pipe Ills lay,
And yet, till horrors cease,
The gentle lay he pipes away
Is not the pipe of peace.
Tho progressive citizens of the thriv
ing metropolis of New Wilson, Oklahoma,
so O. MIgh Informs us, publish the ad ot
the city's industries and resources on
their letterheads on the other side.
Among other "permanent Improve
ments" Is discovered:
'Three churches Methodist, BupUst
and Christian.'
IT VBUALLY WORKS
IIo stood upon his feet;
The trolley car was packed.
Since she had got his seat,
He stood upon his feet.
She'd worked a scheme quite neat
HI notice to Wrer.
jPBW1er' t PeWj
"ER-R-R,
y.id
ml
mil
s
OUR ELEMENTARY
SCHOOLS IN NEED
Superintendent Martin's Appeal
Seconded by Journal of
Education
SMALIj tho elementary schools continue
to wear tho old clothes of high school
boya and girls? That Is a question that has
been raised and that cannot be suppressed.
In tho Philadelphia Kvenino Ledoeb.
September 12, Superintendent A. S. Martin,
of Norrlstown, Pa., had an article on "Ine
qualities of Expenditure In the Publlo
School System," It Is tho ablest presenta
tion of comparative cost of elementary and
high schools that we have seen. It presents
with great thoroughness the facts as they
appear officially for New York, Chicago,
Philadelphia, Cleveland, Pittsburgh and
Baltimore.
As usual, a city that Is hard hit yells at
the umpire. We are grateful for the study.
It Is of Inestimable service. We think it
silly for any city to whlno at facts. When
every player muffs tho ball It makes mighty
llttlo difference which muffs tho most.
On the other hand, we have no Interest in
any effort to show that tho city high
schools In those six cities get too much
for buildings, equipment, supervision and
teaching, but we are Intensely grateful to
Superintendent A. S. Martin for giving re-
nowed and definite emphasis to the vicious
neglect of the elementary school buildings,
oquipment nnd teaching.
Far be It from us to object to all the
high schoolB get, but we protest against the
elementary schools wearing out to a finish
the old clothes buildings, equipment and
grounds which tho high schools cast oft.
The next great problem In American edu
cation is to magnify, dignify and Intensify
the elementary school. The Junior high
Bchool has taken tho two upper grades
away from the elementary school. In this
we rejoice. In thts we have had a large
part. That was tho problem until It was
achieved. But it has left the elementary
school In a worse plight than before. It
virtually removes all hope In most cities of
having any men In elementary schools.
This la no argument for or against men
principals. We merely state a fact. It Is
a condition and not a theory that con
fronts the elementary school or tno ruture.
We recently heard a prominent business
man who Is much Interested In education
say: "I w-as the youngest of three boys
nnd I hated school until I got to college
because I always used tho books my broth
ers had mado very much second-hand."
One of tho great sayings of John II.
Francis, now ot Columbus, Is: "The ele
mentary schools must bo mado as spec
tacular as high schools beforo they can
c-ef rmhllc attention."
Everywhere we hear It said as an argu
ment for the Junior 'high school that the
elementary school necd3 "the old building."
Denver has taken one of her very old
buildings and has made It absolutely as
up to date as though It were new. It can
bo dona anywhere. Pass the slogan along
the line all along tho line: "No more old
clothes for elementary schools."
Th kindergarten and the primary school
are full of "pep." They are spirited, have
games and ail sorm in iun, ro one nears
of "drill" boring before the fourth grade,
but it Is about all one does hear In the
fourth, fifth and sixth grades. These are
the very boys and girls to make school ana
community games, picnics and pageants
wildly successful. ......
Those are years ln which teachers and
supervisors putter, nag and boss most ex
cruciatingly. The burden of the song of the teacher In
this grade Is all too apt to be, "You'll not
get promoted." Let the thwe elementary
grades hav a place, a purpose, a mlBslon, a
message all their own. Let no teacher be
better equipped or better paid than th
elementary teacher. Boston Journal of
Education.
f The article referred to, entitled "Inequal
ities of Expenditures In the Publlo School
System," I on of several on 4utln!
problem by A, b. riin.
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in educational circles and aroused consider
able controversy. Tho above reprint from
tho Journal of Education is typical of one
phase of comment upon Mr. Martin's views
on elementary Bchool needs.
VOICE OP THE PEOPLE
Small
Mine Owner's Protest
Vares and tho Unions
Tho
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir In the Evenino Ledger of October
24 I note this news Item:
"A dozen men representing various labor
bodies allied with tho Central Labor Union
today met in the otTlce of W. Freeland
Kendrlck, Receiver of Taxes, and gave as
surances of their cupport of the Republican
'fifty-fifty' ticket. They wero led by John
A Phillips, first vice president of the State
Foderatlon of Labor and first vice president
of the Philadelphia local of the Typographi
cal Union; former St-te Senator Richard
V. Farley and Patrick P. Conway, n lawyer,
representing tho Hatters' Union. The dele
gation was received by Receiver of Taxes
Kendrlck, Register of Wills James B. Shee
han and Registration Commissioner Fred
erick J Shoyer, candidate for City Treas
urer on the 'fifty-fifty' ticket. In giving
their Indorsement of tho 'fifty-fifty' candi
dates the labor men were at tho same
time seeking to repudiate the action of
Frank Fecncy and his faction in tho Central
Labor Union, who recently Indorsed tho
Town Meeting party ticket."
Mr. Phillips does not represent any po
litical stand or the Typographical Union,
as many of its members will tell you. He
is Bpeaklng only for himself, and many
members of the union bitterly resent his
plunge Into politics, it is not a question of
hl standing for the Vares. It would be
tho same if he backed the other sldo, A
Typographical Union leader cannot com
mit tho members to a political faction or
party. UNION MEMBER.
Philadelphia, October 24.
THE SMALL COAL OPERATOR
To the' Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir May I, through you, express my
great thanks to Mr. W. Hayden McFadden
for his very able letter on tho soft-coal
situation In tho Evenino Ledoer? I am
one of tho unfortunate small operators,
who surely have had scant recognition.
Months ago I wrote to Mr. Garfield, after
the $2-at-the-mlno's-mouth rate was pro
claimed, asking If mines oft tho railroad
could not get pay for hauling. I have latoly
received what is evidently a btock letter,
from which I quote the answer I got:
"Where coal Is hauled In wagons to a
railroad to be sold to that railroad for its
own consumption a reasonable charge, rep
resenting tho cost of wagon haulage, may
be added. In nil other cases the price on
board cars must bo the price for coal at
the mouth of the mine."
If this Is not discriminating in favor ot
the railroads, what Is? Is It tho policy ot
the Government to crush the small oper
ators? Why not go for information to
Secretary of Labor WliBon, who was all
his youth a soft-coal miner surely he
would not bo too lenient to the mine owner.
Before tho recent raise In miners' pay
we paid $1.50 a ton to the miner and
hauled three mlle3 to the nearest railroad.
Can you see anything but bankruptcy for
us at tJU'i $2 price with no haulage added
unless we "sell to that railroad for its own
consumption," said railroad having Its own
coal and not wanting ours? What can we
do? Ou.mlne has only been open a year
or two. I 'see no danger of our becoming
"coal barons" at present.
SMALL MINE OWNER.
Philadelphia, October 24.
WHAT SOLDIERS READ
It was on a Long Island train between
Camp Mills and New York city that a cer
tain commuter was given a new insight
Into the sort of books some soldiers read.
He was a kindly faced gentleman, with tor-tolsa-ahell
glasses, and he smiled affably at
the stalwart youth In olive drab who sat
down beside mm.
"Would you like something to read, young
man?" he asked, as he proffered him a
newspaper with the sport page out
Thanks, Just the same," replied the sol
dier, "but I always carry something to
read with me."
He took from his pocket three small
leather-bound volumes, on which appeared
the following titles: "Hamlet," by William
Bhakespeare: "pnerson on Friendship"
and "Recollections of Lincoln," by Walt
whitman.
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What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1. Explain the expression "stockholders tt
record,"
Z. Name the five lartest rttles la the wirll
nnd Mate their populations.
3. About how old wna Thomas Jefferson whta
he wrote the Declaration of Independence?
4. The Insignia on medlenl officers' uniform
Is a rrprenentatlon of the cadaceus. De
fine caduceus.
B. Whnt does the army slant "dor-robber"
mean?
8. Dr. Bernardino Machado Is Frcsllent tt a
J-.uropeun republic. Name It.
7. Who nominates the archbishops and bbhoM
ot the Church of Knxlond?
8. About what Is the relative strentih tt the
parties In the House of Commons si
present?
0. What was the orlcln ot the word "ldiU"f
10. What Is a rucksack?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. Vocnnclei in the United Htatee Senate caa
be temporarily filled br Uorernor'i ap
pointment until the next general 1m.
tlon or the (ioternor mar set a oar ftr
n npeclnl election.
. "Dread cards": In some belligerent coai
trles. notably Germany, the food tbsrt
nae has made It necessary to Issue cares
to Permit persona to buy bread, the ee
Jcct being- to. present tome from baylat
more than others.
3. About ,88,000.000 men are nnder arms In
cluding nailcn), 10,(100,000 for the Cea
trul Powers nnd 27,500.000 for the Allies,
4, Durban An Indian ruler's court! poktlt
jetee of Indian I'rlnre or of llrttlnh Hlsg
In hl rupaclty of Kmpcror of India.
B. The Mnhnmmednn religion prohibits tat pk.
torlul representation of human belnn.
8, Nonconformists) British denominations ort-
siue or tue cnunn or .England,
7. "Casus belli"! A reason or eieaM f .
HOT. '
8. Gondolas light flat-bottomed boat, with esbla
amidships and high point at each tsi,
worked by one onr at stern! ui4 n
Venetian canals.
0. Commodore Terry won the battle of tsi
Krle.
10. Arthur waa President between Osrflell tat
Cleveland.
OUR LAND OF IDEALS
FOR my part I have never doubted tilt
America would Intervene sooner or later
In this war, and I was Bure, as I kept W
Ing, that It would not be through selfish In
terests, through material purposes or fila,
that she would Intervene: It would b IJ
reason of some great principle.
I have said here to tho Franco-Amerlcaa
committee, on returning from a voyatt
somo years ago, "America Is a country of
Idealism applause! : It Is tho land of tht
Ideal" applause. Because Americans liivi
had to clear a new continent, to strurile
for their existence, we have come to be
lieve that they wore men with selfish In
terests, occupied before all with material
Interests. What a mistake 1 Ho who nM
lived in America realizes that there la 89
country In tho world where money mewl
less. It Is only necessary to seo how the
spend It, how they give It and for wt
they earn It, They earn it and they K
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they have made every effort possible. Montr Jtl
over there, l saw, was a cerumi. ;;.
ficlency. Cries of "Very goodl Very good. J
Whoever has lived in America knows tnat
high ideals, moral and religious, havs tnj
firBt place over there. Whoever has stuoiea
American literature and philosophy Knoi
that tho American soul Is impregnated "
Idealism and een with mysticism, woo
ever has studied American history Ww
that abstract and general thougnti w
morality and Justice have always held nw
place. It is upon pure ideals and pu
thoughts that the American nat on i wm
,. .ii. .,.i i io narhnnR thn only nationally
r,vT...,r:,ii, '.. hu built ni
setously and freely. .For eJlwwK J f
Dy rorce or circuniamuu-, w "- :,i,11ii!i v.
by a series of events that th. ont'tutlM
.1.1 .t., nation determlnou. .
" On only It. the history of tr world J
a nation built upon nslderatlons jww
Ideal that was the day when the n
was founded which was to ,. beW $
American nation and the American nU
Ity. Those who left England to , wn MJ
colonise America were not drawn
uXatehTght7f-
was not to enrich themjelTM. ir wu I
In order to find ease; it was on ly i o
a ..InnlulO ITstllPrMII V Blkl -
brty of thought "-"SErffaiW
United States were Xoundd. This w w
SE?1 Bergen in Parls'addre
COMPENSATION
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