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U8 K. X. CURTIS. PittiMNT
lilt I.trflngton. aIce President! John
.secretary una Treasurer! rniiip .
MM Tl. WllllMms. Jnhn J. flnumti.
, Wfcaley. Directors.
j . EDITORIAIi BOARD I
, crises ii. k. cchTIi, Chairman.
k'?WHAr.ET Editor
C. MA11TIN.. Central Buslnesa Manager
(bed AaUy ml PtTBLm I.VINIKR TtnlMlnr.
r. Independence S autre. Philadelphia.
m Czstbai,,.. Broad and Chestnut Ftreeta
KTio I'Iihu l're-llo uunaing
TotK I'OO Metropolitan Tnwer
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.Lotus ions Fullerton Nuliaing
a '. 1202 Tribune Uulldlnc
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mikqtov noun Waits nuiliing
TOIC UURMO The Tint a Building
N Bcauo., ...... Marconi Houae, Strand
BCTiun B2 nue Ixnils '.a Qrand
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.Sftni
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six (10) dollars per year payable In
foreign countries one (91) dollar per
.ft- Ji HOTIC1B Subscriber wlshlnr ltd 1 rem, chfinirtvl
. . awb r oia ai -wen aa new aggress.
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vatimiD at Tnn rnit-AMttrFia roTornca as
HVU1U-U4H Hllb JtAllKB
Pkllidelphla, Stturdif, Srplemlrr 1. 1917
ibis
AUGURY OF VICTORY
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OMB paclllsts and rhlllstlncs hao
been paddlnff about the country read
ing tho Constitution out loud and calling
on high heaven to witness that llbeity
la being outraged in its citadels and free
dom murdered In Its breeding place.
Borne o( these persons learned in tht
frammur schools that conscription was
& tgg n unholy thing, with which our forebears
would havo nothing to do. They have
had visions of men being diagged ruth
lessly from their beds by squads of sol
diers and rushed Into armies without tho
privilege of een kissing their children
gooA-by. Wherefore, nnd because they
are unwilling to mnko the sacrifices which
tho possession of liberty entails, they
preach sedition and point to the draft as
final and complete evidence of tho down
fall of democracy and the establishment
-- of tyranny.
We trust that these malcontents In
. treat numbers will stand along tho line
of pjtrado today and watch the abused
citizens who are shortly to be bent to
-Straining camps. They will see no slac
jL.ti In all the multitude. They will not be
j ' able to pick out a single man who has
,??; ir
of "Philadelphia. In the moment of her
nuprcmo offering. 8ho la used to walk
jng with honor. She has felt tho pangs
of a nation's birth and paid more than
onco with blood, drop by drop, for tho
Integrity of her principles and tho per
petuation of her Ideals. Sho sends no
warriors onward now with grieving. Sho
feels tho drive nnd sting of victory they
augur nnd knows that now, Imperishable
glory waits for them. They go eventually
to Join men whoso heroism has thrilled
tho curth and will thrill endless genera
tlons of human beings to come. They
will stand side by sldo with men who
hao sipped tho deotlon of Thermopylae
nnd by their own notions magnified tho
glory ofUhnt devotion. New standards
of heroism havo been sit. Our rcptc
sentatlvcs will measure up to them. Tho
nges themselves stand waiting for a do
clslon, as they did at Pharsnlla, and of
the men who will deteimlno that decision
many pass in parade today along our
streets. What reason has the city to bo
anything but proud?
THE NAVY IN ACTION
COMPENSATION,
NOT PENSIONS
Arguments For nnd Against Now
System Heard in
Washington
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tho appearance of a conscript. There will
bo hundreds who aro about to leao the
ones they loe, hundreds who nre about
to sacilflce real interests in the national
cause, hundreds who hao no taste for
i; "i" war and never dreamed that they would
j be plunged into Its awful turmoil; but
.- ,. V?" there will not be ten men In nil that host,
nor een one, who t e&ents the authority
JfoTi that has put him there or doubts tho wis
J dom, legality and righteousness of the
-a. j legislation which makes his piesence
'- thero possible.
i -, V Tho word "conscription" with Its cog-
nates is unfortunate. Through centuries
torf of abuse of the draft system of recruiting,
f Ttt tho system Itself and the cry names for
' It camo Into disrepute. But tho con
r scriptlon which wo have In America to
,,,: day Is democracy In its very essence. No
king or ruler has issued an edict for forci
ble enrollment of the population to seive
In tho armies. Wo hao no Hessian
' princeling selling his men's lles and
i souls at so much per head. What wo
do have is a sj stem of 01 gantelng armies
f which was insisted on first by the people
themselves, who, through the press,
brought the full power of public opinion
io bear on a numerous legislative body
Of their own elected representatives,
which. In Its turn, possessing almost
plenary powers, yielded to the popular
i demand and enacted tho desired legisla
itlon. Tho diaft, therefore, was the volun
tary act of one hundred millions of peo
ple, acting through their recognized
Instruments of government. Wo go fur
ther. Tho draft law could not be en
forced and would bo as dead as Hector
himself If efn 40 per cent of the popu
fcjlaUon wore opposed to it. What force
flld the Government possess to enforc,
a draft? An army of a few thousands
which tho citizens could havo ovorrulea
w without much exertion. Hern uns n hw
Hi. . jirifaHi which depended for enactment and for
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JUST why tho American navy escnped
tho malign Influences of unprepared
ness ndvocatcs It is haul to say. Cer
tainly they did their best to prevent do
vclopnient of a ptopcr military establish
ment. Hut a kindly fato smiled on naval
expansion. Sinco the dajs of John D.
Long wo havo had a line, vigorous mod
em fleet in somo degree wot thy of our
dignity ns a nation.
Never has tho good fortune which our
warship piogiams havo enjojed been so
sttlklngly demonsttated as now. We
have time to raise un army, but the call
for a great fleet biooked no delay. Upon
tho capacity of tho United States nav?
depended the life of the American mer
chant marine, to piotect whlih was one
of our cogent reasons for going to war.
Aftei ncaily four months of belligerency,
Washington announces what amounts
substantially to a brilliant vlctoij. Wat
ship convojs nnd espett naval gunneis
on merchantmen have so superbly watded
off submarine ravages that less than one
vessel In two hundred has been u victim
of Germany's piracy.
Without our strong naval arm the
lanes we bcek to keep free for commetco
and the transport of the necessities of
life to our allies might have been choked
with wreckage. The bare thought of
what might have been had our power nt
sea been as weak at the outset as that
on land Is sickening.
The moral of our gratifying success
warrants repeated emphasis. We can
savo our shipping now becauso our navy
Is largo enough to take cate of It. But
Iti 1 tain's met chant fleet Is fat too big
for adequate protection even by her huge
armada, and tho rate at which wo aie
building merchantmen foreshadows a
similar Ameilcan situation. Warned lit
advance, wo must pi event such a crisis
ftom ever coming to pass. Tho remedy
Is, of couise, unceasing, virtually un
limited expansion of the navy.
Tho American peoplo hive got tho
need for merchantmen thoroughly Into
their heads. Naval construction must
more than keep pace with the merchant
ship program If wo are to maintain tho
proud record of the opening months of
strife and make our victory permanent.
Special Correspondence of the Ihentno .cdoer
WASHINGTON, Aug. 41.
Hirninn tlio pension system, which
s now been In opcrntlon in the United
States for half a century, Is to continue
may bo determined by the passago of a
bill to nmend tho wnr risk Insurance, net,
which Congress Is now considering upon tho
recommendation of tho Secretary of the
Treasury, supported by the President of
tho United States
The bill proposes to cnlargo the Tlureau
of War lilsk Insuramo by adding to It n
division of inarlno nnd seaman's Insurance
nnd n division of military nnd nnval In
surance, In charge of n commissioner of
mirlno and seaman's Insurance and a com
missioner of military nnd naval Insurance,
respectively, each of whom ilnll receive a
stltry of $5000 per annum It proposes nlso
to appropriate J141.000.000, to bo known
as the military and naval family allow nnco
appropriation for the payment of family
allowances; $12 150,000, to be known as
tho military and nival compensation ap
propriation, for the payment of the com
pensation, funeral expenses, services and
supplies, nnd $23,000,000 to bo known as
the military and naval Insurance appropria
tion Funds are to be created from premiums
to bo collected from the pay of the sailors
and soldiers, which are to be bet apart In
the Treasury of tho United .States for the
purpose, of carrying out the provisions of
tho act In addition to tho lnsuranco
feature, over which the soldier or bailor
may have a certain right of cholco In tho
apportionment, one-half of tho monthly
pay of the enlisted man ! to bo reserved
for the benefit of his wlf nnd children or
other dependents Tho bill Is quite lengthy
and somewhat involved to the lay mind,
although It bears evidence of careful prep
aration by Insurance experts It was tacked
on to the war risk Insurance law as a
proposed amendment, although that net
originally had to do with nothing except
the Insurance of ships and cargoes going
1, 1917
M
iv
Tom Daly's Column
The "win" in Baldwin Is being em
phasized to tho tuno of nlno complete
new locomotives a day.
At the rnttlo of September's wel
como "r" tho shells of oystets bountifully
burst across the frontier of Autumn.
Tho slacker who refuses to register
'Is like an army tleseitet," declares
tho Philadelphia 1'ederal Commissioner.
"Like" Is supei fluous.
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JStmSMSE
enforcement solely on public opinion.
Compulsion originated in the people
themselves, and thero only docs It rest.
' No man of all tho thousands on parade
today but feels himself a volunteer, not
p one who Is regarded by his fellow citizens
as other than a volunteer. Ho Is. indeed.
ie finest tvnn of volunteer m- i. i,n
IS'r&VoHmteered not only to fight but to let
i&r&UM Government come and take him when
..will, where it will. In xvhnt a,-,ri,.
. . VD "
:, for the common safety and welfare.
glvea. In fact, a new meaning to the
: "conscrint" and llftn tti mr
Ifc-yocibulary of disrepute into the ver-
titar oi toity patriotism. In Thebes,
ttjft' related, his enemies sought to dls-
Bpaminondao by making him the
Mb scavenger. But by the time Epa
i.. . .. ,
sjfoi inrougn with tho Job he had
A so much honor on the nfflr-A thni
fc, . w ..HV
i- fflwe over after conferred honor on
'WI4 It. The greatest democracy
. Matory takes the meanest nt vmn.
ttiaAruments,, voluntarily adapts it
y.rt!! 1 fftft?" ubw-ty ?n?
"Empetor Catl Avoided Trieste,"
says a headline. "Ttlesto avoids Emperor
Carl" looks llko tho Inevltablo sequel
planned by fast re-won Istrla.
If Germany chooses to rejoice that
she has lost no merchant ships in many
a day, civilization will not want to rob her
of nn atom of such' satisfaction.
Speculation as to what Slark Twain
ould have thought of the war Is stimu
lated by tho fact he was Cleveland Jlof-
fctt's most distinguished kinsman.
Fargo, N. D, has always been re
garded as one of tho coldest places In the
country, and its protests against recelv-
Ing the People's Council of pacifists now
fully confirm that reported frigidity.
Mayor Smith would doubtless wcl
como somo assurance that tho forty-two-inch
plo which Captain Mueller, of the
Broad and Tilbert streets field bakery,
is making for him Is not listed In the
department of heavy artillery.
Any report that Rome is to give
an ovation to such warriors of the Istrian
campaign as aro home on leave should
bo set down as erroneous. In the great
days of tho empire an ovation officially
meant only a "minor triumph." The
present victory has nothing to do with
diminutives.
Tho Russian War Ministry's an
nouncement that the Kaiser wanted to
begin 'Armageddon In 1909 ought uncom
fortably to remind that monarch that, If
he had had his way, pain from the sting
of defeat would be diminishing in 1917
and he would not novy have to face the
prospect of swallowing that bitter pill of
disaster which his foes are preparing for
htm.
x The British military expert, Lieu,
tenant Colonel Replngton, Inquires as to
what Germany has done since Hlnden
burg became commander-in-chief a year
ago. She has done enough to line up an
armed America against tyranny nnd to
cause the Allies, whatever the original
Intentions of some of them may have
been, to subscribe to the noblest prlncl
pies of democracy and the rights of man
kind. Wa shall repay our debt to Ger
many by beating her, but when the
ffir "! "i" w o m to deny
way w
Into tho war zone
The fact that the war risk law, orig
inally carrying $5,000,000, was amended to
admit of a capitalization of $50,000,000 to
permit of the Inclusion of Insurance upon
tho lives, limbs and effects of seamen,
whetb-r native or foreign, is responsible in
a measure for the Inclusion of the soldiers
nnd sillois' Insurance Idea In the Jurisdic
tion of tho War Risk Bureau
Working Out the Pension System
.Slnco the Introduction of this so-called
Insurance measure Is attracting the atten
tion of old soldiers, and Is necessarily of
interest to existing Insurance companies,
It Is worth while quoting Secrct.aiy McAdoo
as to tho real Intent nnd purpose of tho bill
Heforo tho Committee on Interstato and
foreign Commerce the Secretary referred
to tho policy of the Government with re
spect to insurance Ho said it "almost uni
formly" carried its own Insurance such as
fire Insurance, war risk etc, and that It
could do this with more satisfaction than it
(ould be done through Insurance comnnnlps.
Then, referring to those features of the bill
wnicn are intended to apply a part of tho
soldiers' pay to the support of their families
and to Insurance, ho said.
'This bill, to my mind, will effectively
satisfy the country with respect also to
pension claims that would otherwise arise
out of this wnr. It Is In lieu of pensions
Tho pension by stem would be relegated to
what has already transpired in out hlstoiy,
and with lospect to this wni thebo compen
sations and Indemnities would be substi
tuted They have been worked out upon
the basis of the best experience of all tho
States which have hid to do with Iaus for
compensitlon and Indemnity for cxti.i haz
ardous occupatlors Ever thing has been
put upon a scientific, actuarial bisis in this
bill It Is more equitable in its operation,
therefoie, than any of the existing pension
laws would be If applied to the new situa
tion, and It goes further than tho pension
liws "
At other times, In nnswer to sympathetic
membeis of the committee, Mr McAdo'o re
peated his belief that this new law, if
enacted, would be 'In lieu1 of the existing
pension system and would tun Its course
applicable only to tho w u In Eurone or to
f-siich subsequent wars as might occur In
tms tlie .secretary of the Treasury his been
supported by Mr Gompers, president of
tho American Federation of Labor, who
takes the ground that insurance nnd com
pensation laws nre preterable tq. pension
laws since the latter are too often made
Urn sport of polities As Miss Lathi op,
chief of the Children s Bureau, has also
como out strongly for the bill it is evident
th it the libor forces havo lined up with
tho Administration In Its support
Old Pensioners Protected
One lone ndmlnlMiatlve voice tigalnst tho
insurance plan camo from tho commissioner
of pensions, and what ho had to say was
ovidently tho sentiment of many of tho
Grand Army men before the President
swung In lino for tho plan outlined to him
by tho Secretary of tho Treasury The
pension commissioner defended the exist
ing system, which. In the words of Lin
coln, is said to "care for him who shall
havo borne tho battle, and for his widow
and his orphan" Nor Is It clear to what
exteivj; insurance companies and Grand
Army Influences may exert themselveb
against the bill
The prop-ments of the bill nssumo not to
oppose tho Insurance comp inles except to
provide lower rates of Insurance for men
In tho mllltat y service than tho private
companies pretend they can stand. It is
further contended that the Insurance by
tho Government of so largo a body of men
not heretofore insured will stimulate all
other Insurance
As to the Grand Army men and pen
sioners under existing laws, they may bo
appeased by the assurance that existing
law, so far as It relates to them nnd their
dependents, villi not bo Violated by the
passage "in lieu" thereof of Insurance or
compensation laws affecting tho new army
and navy. ,
It Is Interesting In connection with this
new precedent-breaking measure of tho
Administration to rofer briefly to the ex
isting pension system. It Is now fifty
years old and has not generally found
favor with the party now In power. From
18C6 to 1916, Inclusive, It has provided
for old soldiers, their widows nnd de
pendents to tho extent of more than
$5 000,000,000, In 18CG thero were more
than 126,000 pensioners. The number In
creased steadily year by year, taking In
Revolutionary soldiers, veterans of 1812,
and of other wars, until 4902, when there
were 999,448 pensioners upon the payroll
From 1902 the number has been decreas
ing until at the close of 1916 the tntni
was slightly in excess of 709,000.
The amount of pensions paid In 1916
exceeded $159,000,000, which was less than
any annual pension payment since 188'
There are now no Revolutionary depend
ents on the pension roll hut In 1916 in
addition to Civil War and Spanish-Anierl-can
War pensioners, tho Government was
supporting 115 widows of the War of
1812, BIS survivors of the Mexlcun War
and 3786 widows of veterans of that war
In plain language, the bill now under
consideration would take away from the
soldiers of tho European war a pension
able status and put them and their de
pendents under a new classification. They
wo14 belasureJI or oomoeasatedne
. tar j a rM.... : --
T1W VILhAQK POUT
Tho Saturday of Saturdays in 1'hlladcl-
phla town I
An' fiom tho rising of the sun until Us
liolna down
The news of all the universe uAll center
In the street
Whoso ualls icsound tcUh checilng an'
the tramp of marching feet.
Grandfather in 7ito easy chair will fell
us uhat uas done
When Lincoln called for volunteers 'way
back In '01,
An' how the young defenders rose, three
hundicd thousand strong,
An' regiment on regiment took up the
hnttlcsong.
He'll tell us of their martial look the dan
they matched away,
An' net he ncicr saw the sight that's
spread fot us today,
1'or uhat wcic alt the uniformed Hue
wairlors he saw
To these ten thousand youngsters who
arc heroes "In the raw"f
A uniform's a blandishment, just that an'
nothing more.
An' cicn guns aie commonplace an'
speak too loud of uar,
Hut uhcrc'i the sight in all the u-oild
inch lympathy cnlltts
As earnest, eager fighting men with
nothing hut their flstif
Tho chevron and the golden lace will win
the thoughtless fair
An' uake tho faded memories of grandpa
in his chair,
Hut here is noble pathos cicn Lincoln
nctcr saw
7'cn thousand marching youngsters who
aie heroes "in the raw."
The Satuiday of Saturdays in 1'hlladcU
phla town!
An' from the rising of the sun until its
going down
The licit? of all the uniicrsc will center
in tltc sticct
Whose ualli itiound with cheering an'
tho tramp of marching feet.
ON tho other hand, thero aro places
In tho world where tho news Is rather
scarce. Bally gnw ley, in County Tyrone,
is quiet enough, yet the regular corre
spondent In that town for tho Tyrone
Courier found nil these items there;
Workimn'R Itrtiirn I'm sure all Bally
gawley and dlRtrlct will be glad to learn
that tho able and skilled workman In tho
person of 11 J M'Croiy has btnrtcd to
work at the carpentry as usual Wo
know he Is ablo to tako his place at any
time. MIko Indies nt llallj khwIc.i Last week
2 hlgh-tnndlng young ladles from Bally
mote, Co Sligo, In Miss Mary Orr and
Miss Madge Doherty, friends of Rev. J.
P Fairbanks nnd Mr VVatflon, pension
ofllcer Tho Grange were subject to a warm
reception on arrival hero en Friday. A
grand garden party wns held by Mr. and
Mrs Watson nt the Grange, many visitors
being present.
stillli mill fnlilann1il VVrddlnr On
Thursdiv morning the 2nd Inst, a stylish
nnd attractive wedding party motored
into Bally gaw ley and put up nt Mr.
James Irwin's establishment, the Diamond
bar The bride who was n young Belfast
lady caused much attraction from her
beautiful dress. Tho groom was a
popular young Tyrone man from the
neighborhood of Beragh After spending
-omo ume nt .vir irwin s tlie happy couple
took their departure amid loud cheers
We nRo Requested to Remind ouR
ReadcRs that this Is tho flRst of Septem
beR nnd that tho woRld Is ouR oysteR.
SEZ Jnrvls A. Wood, with n Poor
Richard Club napkin tucked under his
white beard nnd smiling Jovially out upon
his companions at table: "A report comes
to mo of a young man In New York who
was so keen for exemption from service
in the nrmy that he had nearly nil his
teeth drawn shortly before he wns called
for examination. But tho surgeon who
looked him over began at tho bottom.
Tint feet,' said he; 'rejected.'"
If Trank Hill weren't in tho insurance
business you couldn't believe hnlf the
things he tells you. Much familiarity
with figures makes for exactitude, of
course. Well, anyway, Trank says he
was sitting in a Thirteenth sttect car the
otlier day, when suddenly a man in tho
seat behind him said, right out loud:
"Isn't anybody going to say anything?
Oh. very well, then I'll break tho mo
notony. Did you hear about tho acci
dent at Wayne Junction? No? Man hnd
both feet taken off. Yep! Conductor
came through nnd said: "Gainst tho rules,
pardnor. mustn't put 'em on the seat in
fiont. Keep 'em on tho floor.' "
ritVITl-VIj THOUGHTS
When a child, and I saw on the shelf a
nice peach.
On a shelf that was high and far out of
my reach.
I'd cry for it.
When a youth, and a peach J beheld on
a tree.
If the peach looked as though 'twere in
tended foi me.
I'd try for it.
When a man, and the peach I espied on
the street,
And it spumed my attention and beat a
ictreat,
I'd sigh for it.
nut if it should gli e me a nod or a smile,
tn:n ii'joani ana laces to reach half a
mile,
I'd buy for it.
If cicr it gate mc its promise to wed,
VA swear on my knees, by my heart 'and
my head,
I'd die for it.
And then when I tired and wanted rfl-
t orcc.
To make my case good, as a matter of
course,
I'd lie for It.
Xow don't you. believe it. I'm only in fun,
Just making some rhymes in the way of
a pun,
I'm high for it.
r. NUT.
TRAFFIC'S ENOUGH
Dollars to doughnuts some cop arrested
a college professor or some other guy
who is In tho habit of carrylnir a die.
tlonary. How else may wo account for
tho new signs posted on Chestnut street
by the Pollco Department: "Closed to
vehicular traffic." What's "vehicular" to
the averuge hick?
A braggart coming back from the Van
derbllt races pulled that old one about
going so fast through the farm country
the corn nnd hearts looked like succo
tash. Godfrey S. Mahn. who takes no-
Dooys oust, snorted. "From tny
T
W
DUTY AND YOUTH KEEP STEP TODAY
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A NEW SOLDIER'S
VIEW OF PARADE
Not Like the Triumphs of Re
turning Victors "Our Tri
umph Is That We Go"
car,"
To the Kdltor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir The thousands of young men who
.rarch through the city streets today are
following a ritual which Is n old as clv
i'ization. But thero is this distinction be
tween ancient triumphs and modern Amer
ican parades As much cmrhasls 3 pliccd
today on tho departure of the troops ns
on their return But In ardent times It
was chiefly tho return, tho "triumph," that
counted.
There Is still another dljtlnctlon about
ruch a parade ns today's, expressive of
tho wholo difference betv een tlio way
America has gono to war ant tho manner
of Europe's plungo Into belligerency.
There, in fact, there was HHIe chanco for
uramattc, processional leave-takings. In
every country troops wero rushed to tho
trontlcr, often secretly. It v as all a ques
tion of grim necessity. But hero thero has
rcver been In tho last tluoc years any gen
eral feeling that our soil was thteatened.
There was no grim, physical necessity In
tho sense that Europeans understood theso
words In August, 1914, when ll wns n ques
tion of fighting at once or of abandoning
one's country to tho enemy In brief,
I.urope's young men had to fight, principle
or no principle; but America's, with no spur
of Immediate danger, chooso to fight with
nothing under the sun to goad them on but
the sense of tho principle of light.
Therefore our triumphal p-ccesslon comes
frst before wo go rather than when vie
teturn. Our triumph Is thM vie go, not
that vi o shall return with gloiv "Wo seek
no material advantage of any kind "
Think of the origin of that word "tri
umph." and how different Up meaning In
America todny than In tho Rome that cried
"Io trlumphe1" Tho parade In honor of
the general who was granted n "trlumphus"
would be a sad spcetaclo to our eyes
t'aptlies walked In chains lusldo the tri
umphal car of the commarder returning
from the field of victory When the pro
cession reached the foot of the Capltollno
scmo of tho captive chlefa wero put to
death It was always the feat or tho glory
cf war that men felt, and tho triumph was
also a hope that there would still be more
wars to come. More and still moro wars,
and never a war for pcrmane.it peaco until
this late day' And It was a ways tho goad
o! fear or the lust for glory that droio men
to battle until now. Js It any wonder wo
have so many determined pacifists? For
fiery materialist wlio docs not happen to
care for mai tlal glory and who can see that
the Germans nre too far nuny to break his
ireclous skin Is naturally n pacifist. A ma.
teilallst cannot understand why 'men should
want to fight for a prlnclpl-s
It Is a marvel to me thai there are not
many moro pacifists, considering the fact
that so many of us are mateilnllsts.
Was there ever such a choice as that
which Wilson had to make? He had to put
himself Into the heart of the average
American young man and calculate Just
v hen the moment should cou.o w hen that
average man should be ready to say, ".Now
at last, It Is better to risk death than to
hug peace." Multiply that average man by
two or three million, and then think of tho
responsibility of saying for another man
"I will give my life." But time has proved
that the tragic choice whlcn was forced
upon hhn was rightly met. Sir Edward
Grey, In commenting on the British Cab
inet's deliberations as to whether or not
they should enter the war, said, "We had a
terrible four days " But no 01 1 member of
that Cabinet was supremely responsible
'Vlison was alone responsible Lincoln was
tot alone In casting the die fot war: he was
elected on a "no-compromise" platform
But Wilson had no mandate fiom any con
temporary. Ills only guide was the history
ot his country.
Now vve see, in tne spirit of uch parades
decided that no American will fight from
tho motlvo of fear or from lust for glory,
hut only for a principle
ONE WHO WILL GO.
Philadelphia, September 1.
"JEWISH WORLD" IS LOYAL
To the Editor of the Eicnlng Ledger:
Sir May I ask you kindly to publish In
your valuablo paper a brief statement as to
the truth in tho matter of tho antl-conscrlp-tlon
circular issued by tho Socialist party
whlch.was printed In our establishment In
tho first place, tho Jewish World, as such,
had absolutely no knowledge of or connec
tion with this matter. This company his a
commercial Job-printing depirtment doing
outside work, and In course of business that
circular found its way Into that department,
purely as an outsldo Job My attention was
not called to it, as tho foreman did not think
it objectionable, and so tho circular was
printed and delivered In the usual nay. Its
contents, when subsequently discovered,
vi ere as much a surprise to me ns they were
to ciery ono of tho editorial staff
In this connection permit mo also to state
that in tho present crisis tho Jewish World
Is persistently nnd consistently supporting
tho Goieinment, editorially and otherwise.
JACOB oiwsuruG.
President and editor of tho Jewish World.
Philadelphia, August 29
A TRADE UNION CANDIDATE
To the Editor of the Evening I.cdgci:
Sir Hats off to the Evemno Lldocr! It
Is racing to the front with the speed of a
Busy Bertha. It Is n mighty tonic It Is
satisfactory to tho writer In every viay but
one; that is, It seems to mo that the great
numbers of tr.ulo unionists of this city can't
find much publicity relative to their activi
ties This should not bo Labor unions aro a
big factor In the make-up of this city Thev
are dally show Ing that they aro as lojal
and as patriotic, ns safe and sane, ns the
best of our citizenship Labor must get
greater representation if wo are to solve
our common problems.
For tho first time to my knowledge a
tr.ado unionist Is making a fight for Com
mon Council. Frank J Schneider, of tho
Central Labor Union, is his nunc Ho Is out
for tho olllco In the Foity-thlrd Ward He
Is fit for the Job. He is honest, he Is earnest
and Intelligent. Tho generil Interest is
first. FRANK McKOSKY,
Secietary of tho Central Labor Union
Philadelphia, August Jl.
j What Do You Know? J
QUIZ
1. The line line nt the top or bottom of capital
letters N described by n certain technical
niiinr. What Is that name?
X. VVImt boat una idled "a cheese box nn
rift"?
3. Who li John Tarkcr nnd of what Stat Is
he ii citizen?
4. ilhiit wis tho Itoman name for what w
i all Prince."
0. What iinn the central principle of the teach
ings cf llnddlii?
fl. "Schrmimln" Is u musical direction. What
d(ic It mean?
7. Cnrlilc ileorrtlicd n leader of the French
Kt-inlutlnn ii a "the sea-ETrrn Incorruptl-
, bio" Mho wns this lender?
8. "irilliuiiir." or "Sraliwnit." orhrlnnlly was
iippllrd to iinlmiils rather thin to men.
What mis Its origin il meanlnic?
3. In w lint American ixilltlral campaign was
the sIokiiii "The full dinner nail" used
. ...Willi fcrcutest effect?
10 What Is u chipmunk.'
Answers to Yesterday's Quii
1- fulil Iliime (1711-1778) mis n Brent Kngllsh
., Philosopher iiiul hixtorhin.
". Mutlume. Kolnnd. on her unv to the rulllo
!.l!!0.,I.!irlnB. "'" French Heiolutlon, said,
"O I.llxrttl Wltnt irlines lire committed
hi the mine!"
3 Tim other ere it Cromwell besides Oilier was
minus i romweii, Henri viii'h chief
iiKint In cirectlnit the I'.ncllsh lteforiua-
Him iiui me inns;
li)4U.
hnd him beheaded In
4. J.o sionth American country lias declared
w r on (iirinam,
5. To Mil "I won't take bis dust" meana "I
will not let Ida vehicle push mine In the
load."
0. "Milm-los" means (1). rertnnicular slips of
wood used llko roof tile on roofsj (2) small,
rnunilnl , pebbles lilns on u seashore, and
( J) n skin riNenie.
7. "An eratln" meuns "grated," usually re
ferrliiB to anted cheese or bread crumbs.
8 Itcpont llrltlsli I'rrmlers nnd the dates when
Vi'.'?'. ,.Dak. "ffl,c were: I.ord Hosehery,
IH'JIi lord sjshiir, 1K95 llolfour, llXKi
( ninphrlMlannrrmaii. 1005; Asaultll, 10U8I
I.hiiil deoreo, 1010
C. Ilarcelona. 830,000. Is the largest city in
Sipnln
10. The l.ltk tlhserialnri Is on Mount Hamilton,
nn eminence In tlio toast ltange, Califor
nia, about twenU-flie miles cist of nan
Jose
THE YEAR THAT THE CITY WENT
"BALLOON-MAD"
If
said he, "the telegraph peJwJopked like i, thai ?v,.1jr' thtl ,ho .,IM '"'a the
Slliv?aA-tT L Hfjh llM .A n , fc. (of W lJiI -jl
ar '
eemjMeg hletory.
,""" !&
ARTILLERY OBSERVERS
Artillery observation is ono of tho most
Important branches of tho service. So In
dispensable Is the all man in connection with
modern artillery that a noted authority re
cently stated that if one sldo had airplanes
while tho other had nono tho war would bo
over In six months.
Pilots and observers work In conjunction
with a battery. They arrango beforehand
with tho general staff Just where that bat
tery is to operate If they are ordered to
seek out an enemy battery that may bo
lodged nt the end of a wood or In some con
cealed position the pilot maneuvers about
under tho instructions of tho observer until
ma winery is spoiled, w Hereupon Its posi
tion Is signaled back by means of a wireless
set to tho battery commander.
After notifying his battery to open fire the
observer hangs over tho position at a helcht
of. say. 6000 feet, to avoid tho trajectory of
the shells passing beneath his machine, and
ns the shells burst near the position under
lire the observer notifies his battery how
Bhort or how far nhead or how much to
either side tho shells nre falling. The ob
server then orders the pilot to proceed over
the next position, nnd tho operation Is re
poated. When tho work Is completed the
airmen are ordered to return by means of
signals In the form of canvas strips nlaced
on the ground. '
All the while tho observer Is directing ar
tlllery Are his machine is being subjected to
Intense bombardment by antl-alrernfr ..,.,,.
which aro firing shrannel shpiio i,v n,.i...-
,; n,Flyl.ne 'raBment8 "f shrapnel are all
about the airmen beneath them, all around
Jiem and above them For three hours at
t.mes the airmen must endure this Intense
bombardment, and there is telling nt
what moment the tall of the machine or
some other vital part may be blown away
or when the machine may become wrapped
In flames. The work Is most dangerous and
nerve-racking-, and most of the pilots stuuer
after goto through this ordeal. Some have
7 1 --1TP1T artsalagll
-.3
i
fPHE Fourth of July, 1784, was to have
been signalized by a balloon ascension
In theso parts, tho aeronaut being a Mr.
Carnes, of Baltimore, who proposed an
ascent fiom nn Inclosuro in a field near
tho city. Tho prices of admission were
i and $2.50. A subscription was
stat ted to ralso tho pilco of a balloon
and all ptomlnent citizens contributed.
Benjamin Tranklin was, of course, a
pilmo mover In all such undertakings.
In order to stlmulato public curiosity a
letter fiom Ftanklin was published, stat
ing that ho had seen in Franco t,ne
balloon In which Professor Charles and
tho Itobert brothers had ascended.
Carnes failed to put In an appearance
on tho Tomtit, but on July 17 he at
tempted tho ascent, not. from the field
as announced, but from tho prison yard.
The aerostat was of silk, thirty-five
feet in diameter, and was inflated with
heated air, tho furnace weighing 150
pounds. Carnes attempted the ascent,
but when tho aerostat had reached a
height of ten or twelve feet It struck
against tlie wall vvttlch Inclosed the yard
and he was thrown out.
Thus lightened, tho balloon shot up
with great rapidity, Thousands of per.
sons had gathered in Potter's Field, now N
vvasnington Square, and on the appear
ance of tho balloon floating above them
at a great height sent up a tremendous
shout. Most of them were much more
edified than wo wero at sight of our first h
aeroplanes.
But soon a hush fell over tho multl-5
tude. It was seen that tho basket was
dangling empty In the air and It was
supposed that Catncs had been flung
thence from midair. Later It appeared
that Curnca got off easy, In being thrown
out at the start, with n few bruises. For
When the ballnnn V.n.1 o..ii..j ., a
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