1.
4"
EVENING LEDGEKr-PHiLAJDELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, JULY 18, , 1917
KERENSKY REAL
LEADER OF MEN,
DIPLOMAT SAYS
tBakhmetieff Compares Rise
1 to That of Washington
; and Lincoln
CAME FROM THE PEOPLE
Russian Envoy Proudly Tells
Achievements of New
' Nation's Hero
Tlila is, the recond ami last Installment
0 an Interview with the Russian Ambassa
dor at Washington.
By JAMES M. BENNETT
WASHINGTON, July 18
"Alexander Kerensky, a man of the
people, who came up from nmonc them.
Is the dominant personality in Itussla to
day," said Ambassador Hakhmetlefr. ns he
began to tell me ot tho War Minister of
new Russia.
"Kerensky stands, as you would sjy here
In America, Tiead and shoulders above'
every man In Russia. He's a born leader.
He'a a man amonir men and he lias 're
vealed himself as the hope of the rejuve
nated nation."
"How true," I asked. "Is the expression
that Kerensky Is the savior of llussla'T"
"He Is, Indeed, the savior of Itumla,"
replied the Ambassador.
"In all (treat crises of nations, a man
comes to the front as the one leader. You
had your Washington, your Lincoln of tho
long- ago, and It Klvcs mo preat pleiiHUro
to say you have your Wilson of today.
And so. In Russia, almont overnight, as It
were, Kerensky developed."
"Will you please tell me some of the
things Kerensky has done?"
ADDRESSKS ItESEWED HO PUS
"I can't think of all of them at the initi
ate. I do know. hoveer. that his addrt'S'es
to the armies of Russln renewed the fading
hopes of the men who today are lighting
Russia's battles I also know that ho
Cheered the rtien of the battle lines with
his determination to press on until suotVss
eomes."
"And, please, something of ICerensky's
trip to the front Ite. personally, led the
troops, did ho not?"
This question seemed to pleare tin. Am
bassador. He leaned back In his chair, as
a. gentle and refreshing breeze came through
the windows, and appeared lost In thought.
I didn't Interrupt. I knew the statesman
and patriot was thinking of the land of
his birth. I knew his thoughts had wafted
thousands of miles across the deep and ocr
the lands to Russia, to New Russia, the
hope, as he already has expressed It. of
the allied alms of the Kntento nations
Several minutes passed. The Ambassador
didn't utter a word Ills eyes closed. Sud
denly he opened them, seemed galvanized
Into new vigor and said: "Please repeat
your last question''','
"Your Excellency." I said. "I asked,
jj Tlease say something of Kerensky's trip
to the front. He. personally, led the troops.
' did he not?' "
j. "Oh, excuse me." said the Ambassador.
."1 must admit I forgot for a time, brief
as it was. that you had asked me about
the. bravery of Kerensky our Kerensky. as
we love to think of him.
"Kerensky. wonderful and magnetic
inan, went to the trenches of his own
'"''volition, No one suggested It to him. And
what a success tended him! His pres
ence, his record, his nddrespes Inspired the
soldiers. They got new life and they arc
fighting today, hundreds of thousands of
tthem, ever mindful of the words of Keren
sky when he said to them: 'Strike for
Russia, your Russia, our Rus-da! Strike!'
"The response was almost like magic.
Dull, disinterested soldiers became men In
a twinkling, fighting men, men with a
great cause and a great future. Today the
effect of Kerensky'o visit to the front con
tinues to be felt.
The, work of the Socialist, slender of
frame, strong of will and determined of
purpose, "has borne rult. and the world has
cause to be thankful that such a big, big
man came to the fore in Russia."
I asked the Ambassador. "What of the
stories that come to the United States, some
through apparently rellablo news agencies.
telling of the weak body that supports the
trained, well-poised and highly developed
brain of Kerencky?"
"Largely nonsense are such reports," said
the Ambassador.
"Kerensky's body is not as weak as the
German propagandists would hae Ameri
cans believe.
"Long after the war Is over I hope Keren
sky will be spared to tie a power for the
Russian people and a blessing to them."
"And1 now, your Excellency, a word. If
you please, about yourself?"
"No, I thank you. nothing nbout myself.
I am only a plain Russian, sent hero by n
plain peoplo to serve them. Such Is my
mission to America."
"Yes, your Excellency, but can't you give
mc an expression of some sort to convey to
tho people of Philadelphia and vicinity?"
"Tell them we'love themj tell them our
hearts throb with theirs; tell them we, like
thoy, aro looking nnd hoping for the com
ing of the time when, ns your Illustrious
President says, 'n new light shall shlno
upon the face ot the people.' "
As tho Ambassador made this statement
I knew tho tlmo of my going had come.
Ho nrose, bowed, clasped my hand and
said:
"Come again some day. please. I shall be
glad to see you. You American newspaper
men are, shall we say, so perserverlng nnd
Intelligent?"
I bowed my wny out of the big room of
reil nnd white nnd gold as Hurls Hakhme
tleff, the Russian Ambassador, stood back of
his desk smiling, bright of eye, strong of
countenance a man. n real man. all of
him, from the soles of his white shoes to
tils wide, thoughtful brow.
In my wartime travels In Europe I met
some of the big figures In public life, but
It remained for me to come back home to
see and call upon Horls Hakhmetleff a
laro privilege, something worth going far to
achieve, something long to be treasured In
memory.
LAFAYETTE AIR SQUAD
TRANSFERRED TO U. S.
YANKEE "PEP" NOW
IN BRITISH CABINET
Geddes, Admiralty Head,
Was Trained in America.
Churchill in Again .
Star Flyers in French Service
to Oct American Commissions
PARIS. .Inly IS.
Within a fortnight the Lafayette esca
drllle will be formally transferred to the
American army, reorganized, but Its person
nel retained, except for displacements of the
French I'omniandlng olllcers.
Lieutenant William Thaw, pursuit squad
ron commander, of Pittsburgh, will become
Major Thaw. r. S A . nnd ini-s It squadron
commander of the unit. Half i dozen star
flyers now hnnrnmnilsslnned In the l'rencli
sen Ice will be made enptnins and first
lieutenants
The llyers will continue to use a new and
fast biplane "siuid " The veteran mecha
nicians, many of them "ranch, will remain
with the unit and draw pay from the Amer
ican (lovernmetit The airmen hae even
arranged for permission to keep the mascots
of the corps. Including two lions, twenty
seven dogs and a rabbit.
According to authoritative Information
today, nil Americans now (lying at "rcneh
nvlatlon schools will be turned over to (ien
ernl Pershing. They will have to pass the
American nvlatlon examination and also
prove their fitness under fire before receiv
ing commission.
American, army ofTlcers have become more
anil more Impressed with the neeeralty for
complete domination of the air to win the
war
"Of the three great aims of the service
nvlatlon. Infantry and nrtlller It I avia
tion which must get the first dcoMon." said
nn American ofllcer today.
War Lottery May Be
Drawn iiiSG Hours
t'nnliniint from I'ate (Ine
the new riny because of treaty provisions
nnd that aliens from neutral countries
certainly arc exempt from forced service.
The House and Senate Military Commit
tees have been chosen olllclal witnesses of
the drawing, anil Secretary linker may cull
the first cansule. Secretary linker. Chief
I of Staff Hllss, Quartermaster General
Sbarpe and others have sailed down the
Potomac for an uninterrupted conference
on final details.
In general the order in which the master
numbers are drawn here will Indicate the
order of liability for service, though, owing
to the varying registrations In different ills,
trlcts, the numbers will be divided Into some
group form, making the system more com
plicated than at tlrst anticipated.
Ohio. Virginia. I'tah. Illliioli and New
York were expected to report today, with
Michigan and Kentucky still behind and
Missouri scheduled to finish tomorrow.
Almost Immediately after the lottery local
exemption hoards will summon men for
physical tests. Every man summoned must
take this test, whether or not be intends
to make an exemption claim
GUARDS ATTACK SLACKER
MAHANOY CITY. Pa.. July -IS. Otto
Herring, an Interned iierm.in sailor, candi
date for naturalization paprrs and member
of Company !'. Eighth Infantry, refused to
take the phyMcal examination at the ar
mory and was lucked m liv Captain Hindi
to await action by the Federal authorities.
Herring Is licensed of attempting t' e -cape
service In France against seven broth
ers in the Herman arm He was nearly
mobbed by the crimiuu before being lockeW
up
LONDON. July IS.
Premier Lloyd Ocorge will have nti ex
ponent of American "pep" as his new First
Lord of the Admiralty In Sir Eric (leddes.
who got much of his trnlnlng In the I'ultcd
States.
Choice of this joiing business man to
bend the Important Admiralty post, Involv
ing disregard for precedent requiring that
Ministers be members of Parliament, was
the most popular of the chntiges announced
by. Premier Lloyd (leorge In the Interest of
cfllclency.
The long-expected slnikf-iir was much
dlreussed today It Is too early to see how
tho public Is going to accept the icnrrnnge
iiient, but it Is cd tain that popular opinion
Is none too cordial toward Ministers who
looked more to politics than to the needs of
the nation In this crltlcnl hour.
The llrltl.-h press today geuerall) piedlcl
ed Sir Edward Carson, shifted to become
a member of Hie War Cabinet, would tit In
better nt his new post ns member of the
Wnr Council than In the Admlralt.. He
lacks puiel administrative qualities) so
necessary for the marine department
ROAST FOR CARSON
The Daily Chronicle, which usually re
flects public opinion coriectly, expresses sat
isfaction with nil the appointments except
that of Sir Edward Carson. He Is described
by the Chronicle nn unversed In wnr m
statesmanship and Inexperienced In Interim I
affairs.
"The sole Justification for his position Is
political." said the Chronicle. "He fills II
because the I'lilonlsl party has n pull In
politics, and because he himself, on the
strength of organizing sedition In t'lster
some years ago, has a pull with tho I'nlnn
lst party."
Opposition to Winston Spencer Churchill's
appointment as Minister of Munitions was
voiced by several editorials tmlnyv but Ills
enemies are. charitable of his faults In view
of his extrnordlnaiy energy It was believed
Churchill would soon be given nn oppor
tunity to expend his activity on speeding up
aircraft construction
l)r Chrli.tophcr Addison, displaced by
Churchill, becomes Minister of Reconstruc
tion and Edwin Samuel Montagu, n former
Minister, succeeds .1. Austen Chamberlain,
resigned, as Secretaiy of State tor India.
The Morning Post attacks the appoint
ment of Doctor Addison, saying that he has
made every blunder possible.
CEDDES SCOTCH I1Y BIRTH
Sir Eric Campbell ("eddes, Scotch t
birth. Is forty-two years old. He went to
the I'nlted States In 18!)2 A civil engineer
by profession, he worked In the lumber dis
tricts for some time nnd was In the employ
of the Haltlmore nnd Ohio Railroad for
three years It Is said he was with the
Carnegie Steel Company nt Homestead.
Pa, for a time. Later he went to India
and finally returned to the Ilrltlsb Isles
Ills organizing and technical ability caught
the attention of Lord Kitchener at the out
break of the war. l'p until a little ncr a
year ago Sir Eric was plain Mr. (iediles.
director of munitions supply.
TURNED BURGLAR TO GET
MONEY FOR A GOOD TIME
Prisoner, Caught After a Chase, Ad
mits Breaking Into West
Philadelphia Store
After several revolver shots had been
fired during a chase of a man seen by te
police coming from the store of Fred P
Hell, 6014 Baltimore avenue, the fugitive
was captured one square flom the store
When tnken to the Sixty-fifth street and
Woodland avenue police station be admitted
that he had broken Into tho store by tear
ing open a cellar window nnd had taken
$27.00 from tho cash drawer. The money
was found on him. He gave his name as
Christopher Crates, twenty-five years. 5116
Beaumont avenue.
When asked by Magistrate Harris why
he committed the robbery he said he needed
money to have a good time. The prisoner
was held In $1000 bnll for a furuher hearing
Sunday. The police think that by the ar
rest of Rates they may be able to clear up
many of the numerous grocery store rob
beries which have occurred In West Phila
delphia recently.
Ball of Fire Hits Pitman House
A ball of fire which fell swiftly during
a thunderstorm In Pitman. N J., last night
struck a tree and smashed in the side of a
bungalow. Residents sitting on verandas
nearby were stunned nnd frightened, but no
one was Injured. The house wns unoccu
pied. The electrical ball flr3t struck a tree
beside the bungalow, stripping olT the bark
and throwing it twenty feet. Then the ball
soared over to the house and broke in one
side. The phenomenon was accompanied by
in ear-splitting crash,
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THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, Publishers
New York ,
SALIENT WAR POINTS
FOR AMERICAN THOUGHT
Spencer Wilkinson, Oxford Mili
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nnd Pertinent Views
LEADER MUST BE FOUND
Absolutely Necessary Thnt People
nnd Statesmen Co-opernte in
Wnginjj Successful Contest
ASKRIKS of articles on Amcrlcn'3
part in the wnr hits been pre
pared by Professor Spencer Wilkin
son, well-known Hr.tish military
critic. The first installment nppears
below.
By SPKNCEU WILKINSON
rrnlnr ot mllltnrt hltnr. nsfonl I'nlvrrslty.
LONDON. Jiliy 5 (liy iniill).
In my Judgment the ininottiiiii niHtterN fur
n nation Rolnjr Into wnr ale these
llrpt of nil. Hip Ktutrsmen nnd the (ipople
should have u true i (inception of the nature
of wnr nnd of the cliui.-u-ter of the paitlcu
i.n war they nip tiikliiK tip. Otherwise, the
leadlntt rnnnot lie right The supreme
lender Is nlivnyn the statesman, nnd In n
demoorntlc country the people must under
stand nnd H.vmpfithl&e with the ntatesimtn.
If lie uees too far ahead (hey will not fol
low, and If the popular Iclens nn the subject
of wnr are not true the greatest leader
may he crippled
In (lie military spheie the first thine Is
the elinlro nf a commander and his assist
ants When ralsliiK nn army the vital mat
ter Is the choice mid education of the olll
i'ers. In the training of tionps nil soldiers
will say the thine to aim at Is discipline, nnd
the best menu" of Klvlnjr It. providing the
ofllcers have lieen well rhosen and tightly
tniiKht. b to teach the soldiers to shoot and
I" march.
"In war.'- said Napoleon, wrltlnff to Ills
brother Joseph, "the men are nothing. One
man Is everything "
At the end of his career Napoleon dic
tated a pamphlet which he called "Notes on
the Art of War." the purpose of which was
to explain to governments and nations
about to go to war how to set about It. He
said. "The principles of the art nf war are
those which guided the great captains of
the past Alexander, Ilnnnlhal, Caesar,
Oustavus Adolphus, Turenne, Prince Kugeno
and Frederick the areftt." Reviewing the
campaigns of these commanders. Napoleon
pointed out that on all the vital points the
practice of nil of them vns tnB same. Ho
then reviewed his own campaigns and con
cluded by saying that "you slnuld mnkc
your wnr ns they made It nnd model your
self upon them," for there Is no other way
of mastering the secrets of war In other
words, "n knowledge of the high parts of
war can lie obtained only t"V studying the
history of great campaigns and by experi
ence." In an army that has passed through a
Innu iierlo,! f iwnce. experience is neces-
nurlly lacklirg; n knowledge of war Is pos- ,
scsKPd only hv those who hnve studied It I
In the wav Napoleon recommended. ucn
a student was the late Admiral Mnlian. or
the United Stales navy. No writer in any
country has shown a stronger grasp or wnr
or better Illuminated by his writings Us
larger aspects. ..specially In all that con
cerns maritime warfare
Mv first point Is: Warfule cannot lie con
ducted without knowledge, but In the choice
of a minmnimVr the first requisite ts not
knowledge, but cli.ir.iclei'. if I were looK
lug for a coiumalider-lli-chlef I should
search above all for a man of high purpose,
who I could be sure would think only or tils
duly, oulv of hl country and never or
himself. In wnr more than in any other or
the affalis of life the saying holds good
"If thine eve be single, thy whole body
shall lie full of light." I think that Oraiit
ns a general and a commander of the
armies In the Civil Wnr. hnd the single eye
and he hail a remaikably strong character.
Sherman, before setting oft for Atlanta,
spent an evening In conversation with an
Intimate friend, one of his best cavalry gen
eials. who reports that late at night they
talked a little about (irant After a pause
Sherman, looking In the fire, said: "I know
a lot more nbout history nnd law and war
than (irant does, but I'll tell ou where he
beats me and wheie he bents the lot of us.
lie doesn't cine a damn for what he can't
see the enemj doing and It scares, me like
hell "
Sherman was a good Judge of the kind
of character that a commander-in-chief te
ftulres in the second place, your com
mander must have that grip of affairs and
breadth nt view which are generally asso
ciated with a liberal education nnd whlrh
give to those who know him the Impression
of n man of larger than tie common mold.
Nothing s more fatal tn war than the ap
pointment of generals for any other reason
than their capacity for generalship. More
battles have been lost by the appointment
of commanders for political or personal rea
sons than from any other single cause
The knowledge of wnr conies only In the
third place because thli can be supple
mented for the commander hj others while
,-.. 1.9 wae
-wter cannot. The KnowieuBo r -.
acquired by the method I. d . sown . u: -
equina mm ne n J""hVcoinmBnder,s
!-cftnl;iS8-,nrn
This ofllccr's
armies Is either quarier.m. ?;..- -
.olr.h,nanderoMhe
rht'V. weaken his gV.P on
the whole.
Liberals Maintain
Stand on Peace
nnllniird from l' ne
new Chancellor. Either we conuuci a war
of conquest or wo do not.
"Plther we Intend to make other countries
pav'up money, even if to accomplish that
purpose we have to fight for another ten
venrs. or we welcome pence within visible
time, nnd limit ourselves lo the plain pro
gram of a defensive war.
"If the Chancellor takes the second view
i,p will have a strong majority In the
Helchstng In his favor, which, by personal
hC Mil' -n II imirst-nr- tin in-, nr
Cannot tvnrk Wlfhnnf - -n.i.. .
Thnt Is a fact Proved by V? 'S'1""7
fall and by tho resignation otDrv?'
mann-IIo Iweir k ,u-. . "r on Hm
Oermnny could .be
0 that to r,r-"w,-
ned .1.1." "t
.. " . .' " ""'CI f 1111 IflH... .
iieicnung majority Is Ignoring ti. Hl
nnd nctunl facts" """"Kg th9 tnit
Up to yesterday the selection .
cessor to Foreign Sccretnry yJ0. a ""o
wns still unsettled. Pressure mtrtnim
brought from two directions in w . ht"t
the proposed nomination of & flf
dorff-nnntznu, the Clcrman MlnlstA .roclt
penhngeti. nnd to substitute AnV-uV Co"
Hlnte. Minister to Norway o cl ' v
nernstorff, former Ambassador t 11 Vo,
ingtnn. The present Minister to Ch,!..,"1
is greatly desired by Pan-aermnnsi'"
vacates of a supervlgorous policy nM .
on nccount of his high .Union Ji l. on 7
tlons. but chiefly on account of Sl?11"
cedents. nls ntj.
Apparently. It is felt that a form.,
officer, particularly one who nlavS? "V
prominent role nt Manila In ,i ... u.cn
1SIR. wilt offer the n....... ".. "
efforts.
flayed
ISflR. will offer the necessary guarant,. ?v0'
the Herman foreign policy ln ,nJ JM
peace negotiations will be nfterwnri lt
ducted nlnng desired energetic lines CJ
Kmperor Is snld to fnvnr Von lllntze
K3
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