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fhUiiIelphli. Thuddi;, Julj 5, 1917
MERELY HUMAN AFTER ALL
rriHB myth of German Invincibility In
trade and war has been sedulously In
culcated In all the peoples of the world.
Never was there a nation, we are told,
Jlke this German nation, whose Industrial
giants have brushed their pigmy adver
saries to one side and laughed at com
petition. And who could measure swords
With them or hope to meet In equal com
bat the super-legions of the super-scientific
war lords, who had molded from raw
human material the machinery of inevi
table triumph? Aye. the Almighty had
been conjured by Prussian Incantations to
breathe omnipotence into the serfs of
Hohenzollern nnd deliver to them the
dominion of tho earth.
Where were these Trussian giants
When the Standard Oil Company reached
Its long arm Into Berlin Itself and drove
German oil Interests to pitiable supplica
tion for Government relief from uncon
querable Yankee competition? How mis
erably weak were Prussian agrarians
when American-manufactured meat was
driving their products out of the markets
of Berlin, Hamburg and the Frankforts!
Were these super-scientists asleep that
American agricultural machinery tilled
the fields of all Europe, that American
typewriters and American sewing ma
chines brooked no rivals, and that even
the economic doctrines on which modern
Germany rose to wealth and power were
Imported from the United States? The
Germans have driven no great Amer
ican firms from any field where thcyhave
met us In free competition, and seldom
have we failed to get the better of them:
they have wrecked no carrying trade of
which we boasted, and we have sold our
locomotives under their very noses even
.In countries which they politically domi
nated. But what of this German fighting ma
chine? The world has nothing to match
that! Maybe not; but Is this worth con
sidering? Since that great horde of
trained soldiers butchered its way
through Belgium and Northern France
It has to its credit not one single military
victory of major importance when op
posed by trained and disciplined troops
of anything like corresponding numbers.
Joffre broke It at the Marne with an army
Inferior In numbers and In artillery. Dur
ing that first winter less than 100,000
British held their lines against 350.000
Teutons and never yielded. The Mower
of all Germany massed at Verdun, her
best and most experienced troops, her
finest guns, the supreme product of her
munition factories, her tried genius and
her concentrated might. Day and night
they battered at a weak line, but it held
until re-enforcements arrived, and Into
Verdun no German flag could come. In
vincibility was not on the German side.
Bhe won, Indeed, In the butchery of the
Masurian Lakes after her money had
bought Russian generals to Detray their
troops to slaughter; but Brusslloff drove
them back so long as he had ammunition.
Germans rode through little Serbia with
their mighty guns and dug their heels
Into Rumania, but Sarrail has held them
fast above Salonlca and Bagdad has
fallen. 'The vaunted efficiency of the
vast military machine has shrunk into a
desperate defense that turns Us eyes in
supplication to the assassins of the sea
and begs of them deliverance from the
threatening pit.
No, Prussian efficiency and Prussian
uperlsm have challenged comparison
With Gau), Italian, Britain and American
and the challenge has been met. Jn no
respect has Prusslanlsm proved superior
except in assassination, and assassination
never yet saved man or nation.
DECENTLY CELEBRATED
FOR, Fourth of July reform In America,
aa for Fourteenth of July reform In
'France, the war has largely to be
jtwtanked. In both Republics the national
, AS? fete day was flagrantly abused. We
could celebrate her liberty without dan
gerous explosives and senseless din. But
aa a matter of fact mucn or the so-called
"gayety" on which Paris plumed herself
was factitious and forced. Some of it
seemed even concocted for summer tour
ist purposes. The war promptly put an
end to the carnival's sham aspects. Bas.
tile Day observances have taken on the
Isteuity "nd sincerity of ennobling -pa-itiaUc
rites,
A4 mw Amswta la learslBsr fear lesson.
w
'
'
For years sensible persons have inveighed
aralnst the crudltlea of the Fourth of
July festival. Restraining legislation has
been urged. Somo was passed, but llttlo
was properly enforced, It Is the war that
has brought us up with a sharp turn. Not
In decades has the spiritual Import of Inde
pendence Day been so Impressively mani
fested as yesterday. The small boy quite
fittingly continues to have his fun. It
was often a typo of fool adult that made
most of the trouble, and his activities
underwent a welcome repression. Not
mournfully, but thoughtfully, reverently,
truly patriotically was the day honored
throughout the land, Saving only the first
Independence Day, this one of 1917 was
the most significant In our history. Even
a superb naval victory brought no
hysteria. We have made an admirable
effort toward living worthily our im
mortal holiday.
CAUGHT IN THEIR OWN TRAP
WHAT had bce'ncelebratcd as primarily
a triumph of our army in speedily
mobilizing a largo forco on French soil
now turns out to have been a remarkable
series of engagement! between part of
our navy and a formidable squadron of
enemy submarines The first real battle
of our war ended In n. glorious victory
for American gunners several U-boats
probably were sunk and not an American
ship was touched, and neither American
soldier nor sailor scratched.
It was the most ambitious concen
trated effort of submarines of tho last
three cars. the Kaiser's mailed fist
shaken In mid-Atlantic to strike terror
to the heart of his new foe. Berlin had
planned a great sea slaughter, something
that would make another holiday for the
German school children who wero told to
celebrate the murder of tho women and
babies of the l.usltnnla. The lurking
pirates, whose past barbarities have shut
them off from all pltj. were caught in
their own trap. They were not fighting
with women nnd babies this time. Tho
Sen-Roches tasted tho fate of their help
less victims. Tho oil from burstcd tanks
rose to the surface and the American
ships went on their way unscathed.
It is a disturbing fact that the enemy
knew where and when to await the trans
pot ts. As the Bureau of Public Informa
tion pointed out In Its recent instructions
to tho pi ess, It Is not from German wait
ers and servant maids or newspaper
readers that Important Information gets
to the enemy. The real spies, vvhoje
activity Is readily recognlcd in this latest
episode, nro usually men of education
nnd refinement, more likely than not to
be employed by tho Government as of
ficers cither in the army or the navy.
Berlin doubtless got its Information from
Washington. Through what media this
Information was conveyed is conjectural.
But the fact that the enemy was fore
warned makes the feat of the American
gunners the more magnificent. Alert In
the dark, even though hundreds of miles
from where they might expect U-boats,
they were not to be taken by surprise
Our searchlights picked up the foe and
all devices, even a new bomb exploding
under water, were put Into use without
a second's delay. It Is no wonder that
Admiral Cleaves, who commanded the
convoy, has been such a happy man since
landing in France. And his achievement
gives to those who must sooner or later
face the same perils a feeling of confi
dence In the future security of our troop
ships. MOBILIZING THE WOMEN
Th;
Wi
HE work that Is being done by club-
omen In this city to enlist 603.000
housewives for food conservation is no
light task, no fad. It Is a matter of stern
necessity that this registration be accom
plished and that the pledges be lived up
to in order that the Hoover campaign be
made successful. Women handle 80 per
cent of the food consumed nt the nation's
dinner tables. Their effort or their neg
lect will thus be an nil-Important factor
In making or marring the national plan
of feeding our Allies and ourselves at rea
sonable prices. Slacking In this crisis
can never bo excused. We have no doubt
that women will In this case give another
clear proof that they are patriotic
though unrecognized citizens.
Patriotism and profiteering never
worked in double harness.
The Administration asked that the
food bill bo passed by July 1 to meet the
emergency. It Is now four days overdue.
Is this a case of bone drys or bone heads?
The restored Chinese monarchy has
"forbidden the formation of political par
ties" as a starter. Berlin should bo grate
ful for this recognition of advanced
methods.
"Think of all that good whisky soon
to go to waste," observes a tearful soak.
But think of all the stuff that masque
rades as whisky that will go with the
real article!
When the Austrian Emperor sets
free men guilty of treason and permits
them to sit In Parliament, the action may
be called amnesty. But n shorter word
for It is fear.
Luckily the City Hall clock hands
that went on a strike Tuesday returned
to their twenty-four-hour shift In time to
record the twentieth century's most
glorious Fourth.
The contrast between the present
safety of American lives at sea and their
Insecurity during neutrality days striking
ly completes the measure of Justification
of a war for humanity.
A good Indian -Is a dead Indian. A
good German Is a German in Jail. So, at
least, the Russian workmen seem to think
In electing Llebknecht and Adler, impris
oned Teuton Socialists, to their congress.
There ts but one thing the matter
with the Fourth of July. It comes only
once a year. Yesterday's American and
Russian victory bulletins give us a keen
appetite for an abundance of Independence
Days.
Across an unfortified boundary line,
3000 miles long, flash President Wilson's
congratulations on the semicentennial of
Canada, On this frontier, at least, the
League to Enforce Peace Is out of a job.
The fellowship of two great American
democracies Is as spontaneous as It Is
ennobling.
:&
K-K'tl-' ,' ,j-'-.1 '
EVENING fiEDGBR-PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY,
THREE GLORIOUS
WAR "FOURTHS"
Reminiscences of a Celebration in
Philadelphia That Came Sev
eral Days Late
TN'
J-of
N TIinEE successivo wars the Fourth
July has seen the celebration of n
great victory for the Union arms. Gettys.
burg and Vlcksburg wero won In tho first
four days of the July of 1863. Sampson
and Schley destroyed the Spanish fleet
July 3, 18D8, And the news of "tho battle
of the mid-Atlantic." as perhaps our latest
glorious triumph will be known to his
tory, was made known to tho people yes
terday. The victories of Grant and Meade
came In the middle period of a war. The
battle of Santiago can Justly be said to
have ended the Spanish War. But the big
news of this year's Fourth comes at the
cry beginning of America's present wnr.
and Is thus of exceptionally happy
augury.
The first of these three great Fourths
thai of '63 was not the day of rejoicing
In tho blrthplaee of liberty that many
have supposed It wns. Gettysburg was
fought on July 1, 2 and 3, but the news
did not teach this city In time for the
Foutth. Philadelphia had not been a
happy placo to live In during the critical
month of the Civil War. The news that
Lee was advancing Into Maryland arrived
In June simultaneously with the procla
mation of President Lincoln calling for
100,000 men nnd apportioning 60,000 as
Pennsylvania's quotn, In view of the fact
that It was Pennsylvania soli that was
immediately threatened. The news created
the most Intense excitement nnd depres
sion. Governor Curtln Issued a proclama
tion on June 15 calling for volunteers for
the emergency.
A special meeting of this city's Coun
cils was called. A icsolutlon was Imme
diately passed granting 500,000 to be
used by the Mayor to help defend the
State, and nsklng the Governor to pro
claim martial law. Shopkeepers boarded
up their show windows. Theie was panlo
In the air. The Mayor issued a procla
mation calling upon business men to close
their offices and with their employes con
nect themselves with the various military
organizations. Urgent telegrams came
from the Governor. The State House bell
rnng out a general alarm nt 3 o'clock li.
the afternoon. Chestnut street was
packed with hurrying throngs, which
gathered about Independence Hall nnd
the Square.
Minute Men Called Out
Officers stood on tables In 'front of the
State House nnd nddiessed the crowds,
calling for minute men to go to Harris
burg at once. Men who had never han
dled a musket in their lives were pres
ently in uniform, packed Into trains, won
dering how they would manage to aim
and fire, reload, understand orders, stand
their ground under fire, untrained nnd
bewildered as they were. New Jersey
regiments, which had Just returned home,
re-enlisted and passed through this city.
At 8 p. m. on that terrible June 15 the
Seventh New York anlved on its way
througlfthe city to Harrlsburg.
From then on until July 4 the state of
anxiety In Philadelphia was almost In
tolerable. Many hid their money. Some
fled. The fact that tho Confederates
were on Pennsylvania soil and actually
wero threatening tho State capital; that
the Army of the Potomac was "far away
in Virginia" (Meade's march northward
not being reported, of course); that neither
natural ramparts nor any considerable
forces existed between the Confederates
and Philadelphia, produced the greatest
alarm. Wild stories went about that the
Confederates were going to settle the war
In Philadelphia by terrorizing the people,
by looting, by burning the city.
As the Confederate approach became
more and more imminent the Mayor Is
sued a proclamation on June 20 for all
citizens not able to leave the city to en
roll themselves for home defense. The
famous "fortifications," which later served
so long as an object of ridicule, were
commenced on the northern and western
approaches. Major General N. J. T. Dana
was appointed to take charge of the de
fenses and to organize the Hpme Guard.
By July 1 all tho principal places of busi
ness were closed. Governor Curtln ar
rived on that day and went to tho Conti
nental Hotel. From the balcony from
which Lincoln had spoken the Governor
made a stirring appeal to the citizens
packed beneath him in Chestnut and
Ninth streets. He asked foi recruits
and ho got them! Five thousand men en
listed on that day after hearing the great
war Governor speak.
A Belated Celebration
July 2 brought bad news. General Rey
nolds had been repulsed he himself killed
while tho Governor had been exhorting
tne uay oetore. xne next day's news
showed that the battle hung In the bal
ance, u was tne eve or tho Fourth, but
Philadelphia did not know it. Not the
slightest thought of celebration was en
tertained. The mere mention of It would
have met with stern rebuke. Yet the news
papers of July 4 held out hope that the
tide of battle was turning for the Union.
On the Eth all doubt was over. Official dis
patches from General Meade made cer
tain that Lee had retreated. Suspense
gave way to thankfulness, but the sus
pense had been too great to permit wild
rejoicing. The city rested after its
ordeal. Carloads of wounded began to
arrive. In a week there were several
thousand wounded men In tho hospitals.
On the 7th came the news of the fall
of Vlcksburg, which had surrendered on
July 4. Then rejoicing began. At 2
o'clock the State House bell began to peal
merrily, cannon were fired, steam
whistles shrieked. At G in the afternoon
500 members of the Uplon League assem
bled at their headquarters and, headed
by Blrgfeld's Band, marched to Inde
pendence Square. Clergymen offered
thanks and an enormous crowd with
singing and cheering celebrated a belated
Fourth of July.
The news of Santiago, though it had
to go some 1500 miles, was reported
here at about noon on July 4, 1898, the
day after Cervera's fleet was beached.
News had begun to fly much more
quickly about the earth by that time,
though not so fast as It travels today,
when men In every corner of the earth
can read of a Russian victory In Galicla
a few hours after It has taken place,
a
'
Tom Daly's Column
The Morning After
WHENEVER It was July 5 In peace
ful years before the Kaiser had his stroke
of heat and busted loose in war, we used
to tumble from the hay with parched
and swollen tongue nnd count the
mangled ringers on our sad, misguided
young; but yesterday was full of peace
nnd so was yesternight, nnd so to greet
this morning's sun ts nothing but delight;
and hero to give us further Joy and speed
us on our way, behold a flock of poets,
each caroling his lay:
Tho order In which these singers aro
permitted to appear has "no political sig
nificance." The place of honor is the
picrogatlve of age:
1 am sending with this a couplet for the
Fourth of July contest In the Tom Daly
column. I am In my eighty-eighth year,
which will account for poor writing; but
1 nin an American through and through and
still retain my childish enthusiasm for the
Fourth of July. MRS K D. HAND.
Hurrah! We Ue In the "Land of the Free,"
And the glorious old flag we'll let fly;
We'll shout and wd'll sing, we'll make
everything ring
Hurrah ! TIs the Fourth o' July.
This glorious old town with Its glorious old
hall,
And Its glorious old Liberty Bell,
'TIs the birthplace of freedom, no wonder
we're glad ;
Hurrah! 'TIs the Fourth o' July.
n. d. ii.
And here Is n llttlo group of serious
thinkers:
FOURTH OF JULY. 1917
A cracker's bang and a bugle's blare,
And martial music In the air,
A blaze of light and a rocket's Hare,
And children elnglng, shrill and hlcK
Across the sea. In a barren field.
A lad vhoe wound will ne'er bo healed,
Whose Inst long bugle call has pealed,
Stares at the burning ky!
WILL LOU.
TO THE MEN OF 1776
Gallant hearts that dared be free,
We will carry on.
We shall fight for Liberty,
flallant hearts that dared be free,
Till our comrades o'er the sea
See the last king gone!
Gallant hearts that dared be free.
We will carry on.
CASA WAPPY
INVOCATION
Mother America, we, thy sons, hae played
Those many ears with dance nnd serenade;
With crack of plsthls, rockets' flare at
night.
We praised the men who perished In the
fight,
Thy first-born sons who died to set us free
Whose bleeding hearts have bought our
Liberty.
Mother America, now our time has come.
Grant that their children never will be
dumb! p. VILLAIN.
JULY 4. 1917
When our "Sammies" sail the seas,
Then there's Liberty In sight
See our flag spread to the breeze !
For they go to prove the right.
On the fourth day of July
Celebintc we victories brave
Now, this year, may you and I
Pray to Heaven the world to save!
ARIEL
AFTER THOUGHTS
If nil the powder wasted here
Had blazed along the Flanders front.
The Idle shouting gone to cheer
The heroes bearing battle's brunt;
If duties wo essayed to shunt
Hnd been assumed In South and North,
Our civic souls would know no stunt.
And 'twould havo been somo July Fourth.
T. J. MURRAY .
VERY vivacious vocalization via
variety:
Pershing plans pursuing Prussians
Trosecutlng "pep" program,
rushing, pounding, plus percussions
Panic permeates Potsdam.
Pressure punitive proceeding.
Pan-Germanic progress pales
Trlncely pirate, parley pleading,
Peace perpetual prevails
D.C. VER.
And anagrammatlcally:
The caution taken yesteiday
Disaster to avert
Presages quite a falling off
Among the JOYFUL HURT.
YERCAS.
AGAIN, to return to the serious
thinkers:
SANITY
Begun In laughter
To end In tears,
Our Fourths were dafter
In other years;
But here, with laughter
Unspoiled of tears.
This "morning after"
Uplifts and cheers.
DIXIE.
Tho' Independence Day has flown,
Forget not what it means;
Our doughty fathers kicked the throne
Of tyrant kings and queens.
And now the greaves and visor
We don with little strain
Just watch the haughty Kaiser
Take leave of his demesne.
SAURIN TARLETON.
All hall to the land where sweet Freedom
was born,
Oh! glorious country of mine;
Men died at thy birth that all nations on
earth
Might follow thy footsteps divine.
Proudly thy banner we fling to the skies,
Dear emblem so wondrously fair ;
Men loyal and true, blest Red, White and
Blue,
Are waiting thy fortunes to share.
MRS. J. W. FRAZIElt, JR.
The spirit of our fathers
Was with us through the day j
It bade us all remember
Our brothers far away.
Who battle hard to banish
The blight of slavery,
To crush tho foe of Freedom,
Restoring liberty.
JOHN J. HAYES.
IJeartlly we kept our day of freedom.
Lustily we cheered the Stars and Stripes,
Proudly, too. we thought of our great
nation ;
And thinking, realized right Is might
Now we have to test our nation's great
ness ;
Prove we haven't rusted and can fight;
Prove to all the world that our flag still
waves unfurled ;
And we still believe In right, right, right
E. A. TINOEV.
A quiet Fourth was yesterday.
With little boasting ov dlaplay;
But, oh. It plainly could he heard .
A nation's heartbeat, deeply stirred,
While once again her children prove
That Freedom more than life thy love.
MAUD FRAZIER JACKSON.
AND NOW to pick the winner out and
hand to him the prize the tiny bit of
minted gold which here before me lies!
The Job is too important for the lowly
T. A. Daly, and so we're gonna wish It
on our chieftain, P. II. Whaley, Wo'lf
speed him to his lerdlct. too, that It
may. be adornlngf a prominent position
la tbl place tomorrow morning.
JULY 5, 191T
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MAYOR OF PARIS
TALKS OF AMERICA
He Says Bartholdi's Statue of
.Liberty Is a Bond of Union
Between the-Two
Nations
By HENRI BAZIN
Staff Correspondent nl the Evening Ledocr
in I'ranee.
PARIS. June 7.
rpiIE piesident of the Paris Municipal
Council, M. Adrien Mlthouard, re
ceived your correspondent for a few mo
ments nt the Hotel do Vllle, and talked
upon tho icallzation of the sculptor Bar
tholdi's dream in tho united forces of
Franco nnd the United States combating
with their Allies for tho principles of
liberty nnd Justice. The substance of M.
Mlthouard's remarks, which be authorizes
mo to convey to tho United States, ap
pear In these words:
"It has never been my privilege to
visit the United States, but I have in
delibly impressed In my mind's eye,
through the description of many friends,
the vision that greets the traveler upon
entering your principal port after a. week
or ten days nt sea: liartholdl'a "Liberty
Enlightening the World." Here In Paris,
upon the Grenelle bridge over tho Seine,
we have an exact replica of this statuo of
Liberty, designed by a Frenchman, and
Iven by free Franco to the free United
States of America, in symbol of their com
mon Ideals.
"From It I can further realize the
grandeur of the original in Its gigantic
size, serving as a landmark by day nnd
a beacon by night upon your shores. And
I see In it the realization of the sculptor's
dream, this great artist, who was nn Alsa.
tlan, who had seen and felt tho despair
of his native province at German occupa
tion, who saw in his Idea of the Liberty
statue the emblem and epigraph of all
that Fiance and the United States stand
for.
"The true rnlson d'etie for the existence
of the American nation and the essential
principles surrounding its moral evolu
tion aro its idealistic realizations based
upon Justice and liberty, upon Its codes of
political and social law, upon respect for
the beliefs and opinions of others, upon
Individual and collective liberty that
transgrssses not upon that of others.
With these nxloms as foundation stones,
juui imuuu iiua Kiuwn to its present
proud position ns one of the great, great
Powers of the world, ever unselfish In Its
devotion to the nobilities of its aim.
Bartholdi Sensed the German Menace
"Bartholdi realized this, nnd realized
that his France, In her own wav wn.
walking the same paths. He found In
the fotds of the Tricolor and the Stars
nnd Stripes the inspiration that made Ills
statue of Liberty a possibility in his
mind, and later A reality before his eyes,
Intensely French In temperament, ne,
nevertheless, looked upon the United
States as a second country. He, i think
understood long before any other man
that Germanic influence was nt work
there, nnd that Its Intent was to cripple
and then destroy the principles and tra
ditions for which the land of Washington
stood sponsor, the alms that the early
patriots In Philadelphia's Independence
Hall pledged their all for.
"He had seen and felt the Prussian
heel upon his native Aleace He .realized
la Incompatibility btwB th idols
"JA, I MET 'EM!"
! 'TS a. .. Va
CJyp Sfe ft7riy,SirJKrlk.
:.;, .- i5aiTOSSiS
7J..:t- fixr?inj-z.icir?-i-iJ'm&. -ryzjrs-
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rAisijtrir. r ... -----
awssrasr
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t.lvMZxZX&-:&7 .SSOSi&Sifyt -
fiiS&igrtJH."
fSajWaWiCTS - : - - ' -
MSWBM&aSMaWajBI T Bi'i,-
SHtWaii'St-H-UW,"'
JtJZtklMrlli-t ViO- V-S
"lyf-HfJfri
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"
of liberty and tho Ideals of Germany. Ho
felt that llbeity was collectively a Franco
Ametican Ideal. Ho put all these thoughts
In his work, perhaps dimly vislonlng
through the veil of years that should
toll by after Ins death tho plctuie of
Franco and tho United States side by
side and shoulder to shoulder with their
allies In the noble work of opposing tho
menace upon those principles which lib
erty with uplifted torch symbolizes.
"I think that this Is solemnly so. And
I feel, In view of that which present-day
history records. It Is fitting beyond words
that this great work of art should stand
where it does; that It represents that which
It proclaims by day and night; that it
forecast among all else tho fieedom and
dellveranco from tho oppressor's boot of
Bartholdi's Alsace- with the rest of the
world."
M. Mlthouard, as President of the Mu
nicipal Council, Is nominally tho Mayor
of Pails, although, in fact, that nlllce
does not exist. The Municipal Council
Is an elected body of eighty members,
four from each of tho twenty arrondlsse
ments, or wards, of Paris, and In the
direction of the city's affairs forms part
of tho national government. In Its offi
cial capacity it will have held before this
article Is printed an extraordinary and
bolcmn session In honor of the United
States cnteilng the war, upon which oc
casion Ambassador Sharp will icceive ns
the representative of President Wilson
and the American people tho ktys f
city. This is tho first occasion in tho
history of France when the capital's free
dom has been extended to nn cntlio for
eign nation.
HARRIMAN'S DREAM
George Kennan, in an article in the cur
rent Issue of Asia, the magazine published
by the American Asiatic Association savs
ll?nt lf h8,,"1'1 "ve,d B- " Harrlman prou!
ably would have built a railroad through
Alaska, across Bering Strait and over east
em .Siberia to a connection with the SI.
berlan railway. He had his plans we I
ft10."! " 'e t"e"; Th,R W0UW ha "e made
n-IV? 'W0. B0 by ra" from Hton or
Quebec to Petrograd
The first thing that suceest i.i .,.-.
connection Is what would have been the
effect of such a railroad upon the ,vlr5
.na ,vir Kennan answers It by savin h
If It had been possible to reach Pe"rod
in that way In 19H over a road bum "nd
equipped In the American way, there might
have been no war ""bin
It Is a no less Interesting speculation to
calculate what a valuable thing such a
means of communication and transnorMtinn
would bo just now. Th.mW0T '
Root would be greatly promoted Petro:
grad would be thousands of m,es '".
and being so much more easily accc-slbi.
would be more sensitive to American lnfiu:
ences Trade and travel, promoted by such
transportation faculties, would have .nl
llshed points of contact between our nnb"
and the Russian that w ou d Tno" , Te CLT
uable In the accomplishment "fuM;
and difficult task which has been L?i3
to Mr. Root-Mln-wpolls Trlbun".
TO KING ALBERT
neCelVpraf!,r ne Wh ha,h not "wished
On many princes, nor was ever ..
By Empire such a, grovC'V
Who cast their souls Into Its it.. n
rtereiv. h i,... ,1 '.'" "ar-bla!
Receive tho homni-o h. . """r'1
To Klnghood flowering o"TwB,&
Klnghood that tolls uncovetous of la,M
L0 U sTays.'"1 and "rv.s8,h0.frea"m-
For when Tour people, caught In agony's
Rose as one dauntless heart, their wir,.
was found lr Kln
Worthy on such a throne to have been ...
Wrc'rowbn,d"UCh " The' l" "VeVe,
And loftier praise thn this an neVe, v.e
0n JoTd1 " rrom " i
H "
J
A!
'-iVUVi
,11
I
'in
f'
t
y -V-T'"
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r-i." i -
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.
What Do You Know?
QUIZ
1. "Lord NorthelllTe" la a title. What wti
the nnme of this journalist before ha wu
elrtattu to the peeriiseT
The Chief of Sinn of the I'nlled StaJn inar
Is nttnrhed to tho merlrnn rommlnlol
I IkllSSIII, ( (IU IN HII UIIIIT1 i L
3. Uhut rilMlnruUhed IlrllUh actor died iUrl
weekt
4. What Is the so-colled "romrminltr atndif"
movement, now apreadlns throughout tfef
In Knhi. Who la this olllrrr?
running
tin wn.. tha mr niltnlrnl In rharca l
rontov that escorted our ezpcdltloa U
VVhnt. I- Him nwnnlnr nf li f?rk KBTI
"Kureku," and whut famous sclentlit 6 j
imrtlrulnrlr associated with the me el I
the expression? J
7. Vtluit Is the orltln of the phrase. "Tlpt '
canoe nnd Tlrr too"? I
8. What anme wits later developed Into baie- t
hull?
0. VMi.it American candidate for rreshtrnt wii ,
knonn for a few months ns the "sate at
Ksopus"?
10. What Is the capital of Louisiana? i
Answers to Tuesday's Quiz '
1. The late William Winter wns nne of Amu- f
lea's most celebrnted dramatic critics.
3. Lake Miperlor Is the lursest fresh water
sen on the elohe . .... i
3. Giuseppe Miiulnl wns n distinguished ltu
I in patriot nnd writer, nnd ft leaalnl
tleure In the nineteenth century motemejl
for the llhrratlnn ami unification at Ml t
natlle Isnd Ills dates nre I803-I87J. ;
4 Llitht-seven Oermsu merchantmen were ra-
icnllr taken over by the United States .
Shlpplne Hoard , , H
A. Ituenos Aire Is sp.inlsh for "good airs,
(1. The plan of the rlt of Washington wsl
mnile In 1101 hy Pierre Charles 1Enfant,
rt French engineer , ...
1. Tli real name of "Oeorge Sand,'
Trench novrllst. wns Amnntlne Weill ;
Aurore Diiflevunt. nee Dunln.
8. The Vlrclnltis case tnkes Its nnme from
thnt nf nn American vessel engager! in a
I'uliiiii lllllmsterlng expedition nnd eso.
lured by the panlarda In 1813. TM
luptnln nf the shin nnd several ft
persons were executed hv the N'aniaroi
ut Hnntlogo de Culm. The nlfilr endej
In the. moment of nn Indemnity M.W1"!
0. John liny wns the American errrtarr
Mite who wrote 'nn nnonmous njj
whose nuthnrshlp wns not.niitnorltatiieir
announced until nfter his ileath. J,o ,
story was called "The Ilreud "I""'"' .
10. Mohammed V l the present sultan M
Turkej.
"THE FIRST CIGARETTES"
0F
F ALL things American nothing Is mort
so than the cigarette, it was from
the New World that tobacco came to the t
tentlon of the civilized nations, the first
account of It being that which Includes IU
portage to Uurope by the men who sallei
with Columbus on his voyage of discovert
When for the first time a European '
foot In the Western Hemisphere, those In
dian natives of San Salvador who M
ttartled tho brave Genoese by blowing
smoke from their mouths and nostrils wert
PAnti.. Dn.nllnff triiHA nnrl nrlmltlve Clear-
i-nl p, l.V... .to -w
ettes tobacco wrapped In the leaves 011
Indian corn.
n.Hnlnmn rt 1.n CaSSS. tll6 SPOStll
of the Indians, who edited the Journal o'J
Columbus, tells of two men of the dlscova
. 1 jos ra-
rer s party who, on isovemoer o, n ?
turned from nn expedition Inland with as
account of how the aborigines were accua
tomed to the solace of tobacco, Their man
ner of smoking, as described by Las Casa
Plainly suggests the cigarette, and this "
accounted tho earliest reference to the uJ
of tobacco In that form. The natives of tPi
New World, said the Spaniard, "wrap
tobacco In a certain leaf, In the manner ol
n,,1.at lAKma.l nf no nn nnA tlfivln? llCDt9
one end of it, by the other they suck, ap-
u i... ...... ...t.I i.m. theirs
buiu ur irccivo viiav omusi ,..b.w
breath."
Those sailors of 149: did not know tW
nhnrl(rtna renresenterl "Iwfl nf the BTeatCBl a
gifts of the Red Man to mankind" ' ,JJ
and tobacco, for there is little douoi w-
the "certain leaf" used as a wrapper wM
the leaf o.f maize. 4 rt
Aside from such crops aswere nec"ij
In thm mnlnUnfln.. nt ihm Individual
pioneer's life, tobacco furnished vlrtualV
the first agricultural pursuit to thoaa (w;
nlsts who came here from England nd ?
eanifl tho nrlplnnl farmera nf the f'
World. Many a year passed before thtra.
was any other American crop of a i
tuda wnrthv nf tha ernnnmlat's attention
England was the first country to take W,
smoking. For two centuries tobacco
ture was closely Identified with tba )-,
nomlc. fcoclal and uolltlca.1 growth of "t
colonists, especially In Virginia and M'rM
land. In Maryland tobacco was made l?4fl
tender in 1JS3 at tbo rate of a ptsWJ
nouna. ." lx
rvT-r
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jfroaicrrow'sajM.. .L'Jaytwisa a
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s.. 3 "a jtfassfA-
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