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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
emus n. k. crims, Fmmn
Carries II. lAidlnston. Vic President! Jotir
ti
atarun. etctnt.tr ana Trmurtri rump n,
lln. John II. Williams, John J. Spurseon
M. Whaler, Director!.
EDITOIUAT. IlOATtDl
Ctici It K. CtBTii, Chairman.
9, H. WHALEY
.Editor
01CN C. MARTIN .Oeneral Business Manager
FuMlihM dallr at Tcnuo I.nnoga Itul'dlns.
t Independence Stuart, Philadelphia.
Laoata CnTnil.,.,nrod and Chestnut Streets
JiTtiirrio Citt l'rf-Unlnn Butldln
Jtstr Tots. ...200 Metropolitan Tower
)iboit.. , 401 Ford jiulldln
fr. Loch loos Fullerton IlulMlnr
Csf'Cioo i 1203 Trltmnt UullJInf
news nvnnAi'si
WAmorof IlraaAu Wrs nulldln
Jfsw Ynai llcasau Th Tlmrn Ilull.llnc
Mastix naaCAO no Frledrlehstrasse.
i,0!UK liciait).. . Marronl House, strand
raai Bcanu 32 nu Louis le (Irani
Sl'DacnilTION TKIIMS v
Tno ETttmn l.tlin la rerved to subscribers
In Philadelphia and surrounding towns at tho
rat of twelve (IS) cents per week, payable
to the. carrier.
Br mall to point nutetde, of Philadelphia. In
the. United mates, Canada or United Platen pos
sessions, postst-s Ire, fifty (601 cent per
Month. Six (10) dollara per rear, payable In
advance.
To alt forelrn countries on (11) dollar per
toonth.
Notics Suhacrlbera wishtnr address changed
Bust sire old a nell ai new address.
TJELL. IMP WALNUT KEYSTONE. MAIM IMP
JST" Address all tommunicattom to Kventng
Ledger, Independence Square, Philadelphia,
etched at Tnn rniLAPBLrniA rnsTorncs as
strnin-CLiss kail hattsk.
rhlladtlphle.TDndar. Julr 1. "1'
There will be no issue of the EVE
KING LEDGER tomorrow, July 4.
THE NATION WILL NOT
STAND FOR EXTORTION
ilTlOMORROW all tho grent democracies
of the world will celebrate tho pro.
Kulgatlon of the Declaration of Independ
ence, tho modern charter of political
liberty, tho principles of which have
already destroyed dynasties and -changed
the fundamentals of government through
out tho Western Hemisphere and In most
parts of Kurope. Tho political Independ
ence of which wo boast loses part of its
significance ami much of Its privilege If
It la not translated Into economic pro
tection against ruthless profit-taking on
the part of any great Industry. Such pro
tection wo have not had In the past. Wo
are beginning to got It now, under tho
pressure of war. We have. In fact,
entered a new era, and thero seemed
to be abundant causo for rejoicing when
tho announcement came from Washing
ton last week that soft-coal producers
had made price concessions which would
save the public virtually J200,000,000 a
year, almost enough to pay tho Interest on
two billions of Liberty Bonds for three
years.
It appears, however, that tho public's
) sigh of relief from the extortion which
has been practiced against it Is a trifle
premature. Ordinary citizens naturally
wonder why the robbery ot them to the
tune of $200,000,000 a year was per
mitted. Their Indignation will grow when
they aro Anally shown that Secretary
Baker Is dealing only In facts, and very
hard facts, when ho asserts that even tho
lower prices proposed constitute highway
robbery, bordering closely on theft.
A price of ft a ton for soft coal at tho
mines means a profit larger than that
which any other Industry of which wo
have knowledgo would daro try to gtt.
The cost of coal Is not hard to discover.
The volume that can bo taken from any
mine Is known. What tho removal of
every ton means In tho way of Impair
ment of tho capital Investment Is deter
minable. Every owner knows at what
figure his profit begins to run. Wo believe
It to be a ract that everything over 52 a
ion for soft coal In the Pennsylvania
fields Is profit. It Is likely, Indeed, that
In most cases everything ove J1.D0 is
clear profit. As a matter of fact, until
recently $1.G0 per ton at tho mines was
enough to assuro a big profit, and there
are Industrial establishments In this
territory paying that much as a basic
prlco right now. although adding a bonus
In some cases on account of extraordinary
conditions.
Tho daring effrontery nnd downright
heartlessncss of many coal operators en
title them to the epithet of "barons."
They aro "barons" of the medieval sort,
pillaging right and left, levying whatever
toll the traflle will bear, nnd conspiring,
the evidence seems to bIiow, to mulct oven
the Government itself In a period of war.
It was a clever thing, of course, to drlvo
general prices to an unheard of level and
then patriotically agree, to a reduction
that would save the public tens of
millions. "I could' tako everything you've
, got.'! seems to be tho argument, "but I'll
be charitable and leave you your shirt."
It is reported from Washington that
the President Is backing Secretary Baker
In this fight. We do not doubt it. No man
has a clearer grasp than he of the eco-
" , nomlc evolution now under way, and a
fCbJef Executive who has commandeered
- l?..tli. t-.anttrf0ei et ttiA antfrd Mnffn.. ..
mi injustice ana rutniessness abroad is
tiv likely to sit still and complacently
iwatcli equally infamous commercial ruth-
tness at home. ,
Et every citizen get this fact firmly
Diced In his mind: Selling coal at from
,CA 4n inn Tint eent nrnflr la nnt loirat Ki.al.
SO to 100 per cent (
mw W VW ,'" w... ..w... ... ..w .WDM MUSI'
acts; It Is extortion
' WORE FOES FOB GERMANY
GERMANY'S wassail cup of pride must
pa brimming over, "The moro ene
mk the more honor" Is said to be a
fliwni oR 1 the Imperial rflm.
Jb-ltm Jlmm ttw. eutahfa y&tli fa)
Ji V '-
doing Its btst to give complete satisfac
tion. An extremely pedantic International
lawyer might deny that Brazil Is at war
with tho Kaiser, Nono other could dis
pute tho plain fact. Tho Brazilian navy
Is co-operating with tho American fleet In
patrolling the South Atlantic.
Greece Is reported to have recalled her
Minister from Berlin. It Is said to bo the
belief in Athens that a state of war with
Germany exists. Onco ngaln It is mcro
tuitibllng to stand out for tho formalities.
Uvcti more striking, becauso moro unex
pected, It tho new attitude of Spain. Al
fonso XIII has signed a decree excluding
belligerent submarines from Spanish
waters nnd threatening t6 Intern such
vessels should they enter u Peninsular
port. This is a clear abrogation of tho
onco-ncccptcd .International law permit
ting a brief call at a neutral port.
And now, after less than oso year of
titanic events, neutrality In general Is
becoming a fiction. Germany has made
such a status Intolerable.
ItUSSIA r.KASl'S THE
THUiNUEKUOLT
pETUOanAD-'S report of S600 Teuton
prisoners captured In twenty-four
hours of fighting should no doubt bo dis
counted. Berlin admits tho lois of a vil
lage, declaring that at other points the
Itusslnnt wcro defeated. But accounts
from both sides ngreo that n gieat offen
sive has been begun by tho troops of the
Republic, nnd, no matter what may bo the
Immediate fortunes of our friends and
foes, this. Is the encoring news that we
ran believe: After three months of truco,
Ilussla Is again a belligerent.
If ever thero waH an opportunity since
tho war began for the German Govern
ment to provo to tho world that Its pur
poses wero honest, non-aggressive nnd
favorable to democratic Ideas, that oppor
tunity was afforded by the outbreak of
tho Husslan Revolution. Germany had
for n generation preached that Russia waH
a baibarous land of slaves, ruled by a
despot who would not permit his subjects
to advanco ono Inch on tho path ot
progress. I'ro-Gcrmans In this country
asked pro-Allies If It wero their purpose
to assist a murderous Czar to overrun
cultured Geimany with his Cossacks. If
Germans had been slnccro advocates of
culture and pi ogress they could well have
rested on their arms when the Czar was
overthrown and have sought a Just peace.
They could have said: "Wo Gei mans have
brought about the overthrow of the
world's greatest tyrant, wo havo freed
half of Km ope nnd hnlf of Asia." So
gicat will bo th: effects of tho Russian
Revolution for the good of tho world that
piogressivo nations can now unlto In
peace to preserve this triumph of human
ity. No longer will n Czar seek to spread
his dominions to east and west. Imperial
Russia, causo of tho war and menaco of
Uuropc, Is beaten."
But tho Germans were lncapablo of
seeing anything in this magnificent rev
olution but a chanco to keep Poland,
Serbia and Rumania! Verily, they have
their reward.
"SAMMEES" FILLS THE BILL
-
ACTING on the cheerful principle
ii that
I Sticks and stones may break my bone".
Hut calling names won't hurt me.
the American army has stood for somo
pretty hard appellations. Valorous deeds,
however, have invariably converted such
L reproaches into terms of praise. British
General Gage scornfully pronounced our
liberty-loving revolutionists to bo "rebels."
Tho original content of tho word was
scorn. Our "Continental" heroes soon
grew proud of their title. Rebellion
against the stupid Hanoverian tyranny of
Georgo III became a glorious enterprise.
Mexico In '48 professed conteript for
tho embattled "grlngoes." Tho word had
a harmless origin In the Spanish mispro
nunciation of a popular song, but hissed
from tho enemy's lips tho syllables had a
sneering sound. As usual, wholesome re
spect succeeded such disdain. Tho same
talo was repeated In tho Cuban conflict
The Confederacy called our Union legions
mercenary "Yanks." Onco again skill
and courage effaced tho slight, and tho
namo was accepted with exultant satisfac
tion. But now In France we start immedi
ately with an asset of affection. Our boys
there aro tho "Sammces." The term Is
frankly endearing. It is comprehensive,
free from sectional taint. From north,
oast, south add west pour the namesakes
of Undo Sam. At last our army has no
rudo namo to disprove. Tho burden Is,
indeed, nil the other way. Wo begin with
a heartiness of title which heartiness of
action will parallel though It can scarcely
better Its glowing Inspiration.
Congratulations to tho chap thnt In
vented "Sammees!" Even French lips can
master It, which Is more than can bo said
for our own when wo tackle "Pollu." Our
valiant allies havo pronounced "Sam
mces" well at tho outset. That thoy will
pronounco us better still as time goes on
Is tho best we can hope for an army re
named with a fitness that makes us thrill.
Berlin asserts that Russian attacks
broke down before Zwyzyn. No wonder!
So far as the Cabinet Is concerned,
soft coal seems to bo a pretty hard prop,
ositlon.
"To ho ho nnd a bottle of rum!"
song in Stovenson's "Treasure Island."
"Yo ho ho!" New American version of
tho same chantey.
The American people should know the
worst as welt as the best Lord North
cliff e.
No advocate of censorship has
sought to suppress tho Congressional
Record.
Count zu Revcntlow declares that
tho story of our troops landing In France
was "intended to depress the Germans."
Ho is right. The truth of the tale only
sharpens Its point.
Critics of Secretary Daniels for
having ordered abroad our destroyers
the so-tailed "eyes of the fleet" must
now admit that ho is utilizing this keen
-vision precisely where It Is moat needed.
The New York flealth Department's
announcement that Gotham may now re
gard the danger of an infantile paralysis
epidemic as virtually past shows that
peace can keep right on the job with her
brilliant victories la splU-ot war,
EVENING LEDGERPHILADEDPHIA, TUESDAY, JTJLY 3, 1917
CONGRESSMEN
FEAR Tb GO HOME
They Drend Facing Their Con
stituents Until Conscription
and War Taxes Are
in Operation
Special Corretvondence Kvelrt Motr
WASHINGTON. July 3.
CONGRESS Is no respecter of holidays
and sometimes It meats on Sunday, but
owing to the demand for public speakers
at rlous holiday celebrations It Is seldom
thnt holiday meetings of Congress are well
attended It Is an old axiom that Congress
Is a law unto Itself, which means that Con
gress can do as It pleares, since no ono
Congress Is responsible to another. Hut
Congress Is generally patriotic on the
Fourth of July, If only to permit some of
Its orators tonppear at public demonstra
tions where the Declaration of Independ
ence Is rend nnd where the story of the
Constitution Is told anew to applauding
multitudes. This year, however, there will
be fewer Fourth of July addresses by mem
bers of tho national body than usual.
Senators and Representatives havo been too
busy with the work made necessary by the
war to feel at liberty to make positive en
gagements for the national holiday. Many
of them will remain In Washington to catch
up with their office work, while those who
go home will go for a much-needed rest
It Is not expected that the House will do
much work during the week, anyhow, since
It Is abend of the Senate and Is waiting
for that body to catch up. When tho Senato
does catch up, the House will go Into con
ference on tho Important bills, and very little
new legislation not relating to the war will
be enartcd. It was decided by the Demo
cratic caucus early In the session not to
deal with Independent legislative matters
such as are usually found clogging tho cal
endar at this time of year, but to confine
the work to measures asked for by the
President and then adjourn.
Members Going Home to Trouble
With hot weather here most members are
longing for adjournment, although some
of them are suspected of having a deslro
to remain away from their constituents
until tho tax question Is settled and con
scription Is In force. It Is appnrent that
tho country nt large Is not fully aroused
even yet to the stern necessities of the war
In which wo aro engaged. Members arc
aware that tho awakening will como when
the t.Tx collector begins to mako his rounds
under the new revenuo laws. They are pre
pared to hear complaints about taxes, but
what Is uncertain In the minds of manv
of them Is the effeet ol conscription. Ap
peal" from home, and excuses of one kind
or another, are met In tho dally corre
spondence of most members, which lead to
tho belief that questions affecting enllit
ments. exemptions and discharges aro going
to Increase during the summer. As these
matters have to bo taken up In Washing
ton, some members feel that they might
as well slay here to look after the Inter
ests of their constituents as to go home.
To a certain extent, however, all these
matters are being adjusted, bb tho de
partments are getting their war business
In working order.
Political Influence Discounted-
For one thing, It Is coming to be under
stood that political Influence docs not count
In the matter of appointments or promotions
In tho army and navy. Certain commend
atory letters nro sometimes effective, but
us thoy pertain to tho character and experi
ence of applicants, tho Indorsement of busi
ness men goes ns far as that of Congress
men. It Is difficult to make certain appli
cants who nro accustomed to political meth
ods clearly understand this, nnd somo of
them do not until they actually run up
against tho gentleman In shoulder straps.
Both departments havo regulations on this
HUbJect w hlch they pretend to observe. Tho
men in tho regular service understand It
and have long since learned to keep within
tho lines. It la the 'volunteers, and particu
larly tnoao wlio nao entered tho n;-wer
branches of tho service, who bump up
against tho regulations. Here Is a sample
bump; It pertains to attempts at promotion
In tho naval reserve force:
"The bureau receives dally numerous
communications from politicians nnd men
of Influence requesting advancement or as
signment to duty of members of the naval
reserve force. In each case such com
munications will be forwarded to the Imme
diate commanding olllecr of tho reservist
and notation will bo made on the record
to the effect that political Influence has
been sought to secure advancement or
assignment to duty and the reservist will
bo Informed that repetition of such cases
will he sufficient cause for disciplinary ac
tion." Discharges for Married Men
Some very hard cases are reported to tho
departments which receive sympathetic
treatment so far as the exigencies of war
permit Many lads who are under age
enlist without the consent of their parents.
They listen to their friends In the service,
or are Inspired by patriotic speeches or
lurid advertisements, and then sign up,
misstating their ago and other material
facts. Parents make tho discovery after
the boy has gone to ramp and then trouble
begins. In most of these cases the depart
ment Is lenient and upon proper Informa
tlon orders the dlschargo ot the boy and
sends him home.
The married man with a dependent family
Is a little more troublesome. He enlists,
sometimes to satisfy his patriotic Impulses,
and sometimes to servo his own purposes.
The departments have enough reasons for
the enlistment of married men to fill a
book. But when It Is known that the
married man has left a dependent wife and
children behind there Is a disposition to re
lieve him from the service. The adjutant
general of the army has given notice that
married men witn aepenaeni cnuaren can
be dispensed with In tho National Guard,
although the desire to flit up the ranks has
ltd to a disregard of this rule In certain
cases.
Exemptions Worrying Oflicials
Exemptions from service are giving the
departments much Concern. Small scandals
are already brewing, because ot the alleged
political complexion of exemption boards.
All this was foreseen when the conscription
bill was under consideration. The tendency
then was to hold everybody of an eligible
age to the service, but certain discretion
was given In the matter of exemptions, as
In the case of farmers, government officials
and others supposed to be necessary In their
respective Jobs to back up the men at the
front. The farmers' exemption Idea came
largely from the southern and western
States, which have the strongest voting
power In Congress, Now that exemption
boards are being created In the various
States the troubles anticipated by Congress
are developing. 10 Pennsylvania the Dem
ocratic leader, Mr. Palmer, charges that Re
publicans dominate the boards. In South
ern States, where the Republicans havo no
voice, the situation la reversed. It Is charged
that the Texas Governor Is actually build
ing up a State machine through his ap
pointments on these war boards. In cer
tain doubtful States like West Virginia
fear is actually expressed that the Influence
of the exemption boards will be so great
that future elections will hinge upon the
skill with which they exercise their "dis
cretion." Whether some of these "war boards"
may be approachable In a political sense or
not. It i rtn they will be In a position
us.. . .it., tf tiv ilar in fair thai
&p,ay " VbaSpT&n KOOwTrJl
Tom Daly's Column
Jimmy 0' the Squad
A 'appy bunch o' blighters Is the Yankee
Haero Squad;
The heagle eynt their famiy bird for
nought,
They files an" fights as If they'd fixed some
contract up with Qawd
To keep 'em syfe from dying when they
fought.
"I guess I'll bag I few today," as calm
ns If they said
They'd shoot some 'armless pigeons Just
for fun.
An' hup the bloomln' youngsters go as If
on pleasure bent
A-whlstlln' ragtime songs to kill a 'Un,
Poor Jlmmyl 'E was one of 'em. 'E'd
got is fourth machine;
Lam week 'c went and tried to myke it
five.
They got im right above our lines 'Is
back was broken clean;
Wo fanned im where 'e fell an' Just alive.
'E smiled the sweetest sort o' smile; 'Is
heyes wero open wide.
E smiled, though 'o was nearly mad with
pyne.
"1'ou write me plrl n Cambridge, Mass.
Just tell 'er 'ow I died,
An' t'y as 'ow I won't be 'ome agine."
An" then 'o rambled: "Come on 'Arvardi
Kmath 'em! 'It 'em low!"
"But, mother, I must yo think o' mi
Dad
An' 61" "ttooil-bv, plrf. Kiss tne 1es,
know
It's tough, but " "Thcr&s a little
bit o' bad"
T. sung a line nn' then 'o stopped. 'Is
breath was nearly gone:
"Whcrn is the flag the Stars an'
Stripes ah! there!"
'! 'and went up f.alutln', an' is blue eyes
fairly shone
"Oh s'u can rla ten's early bursting
(it air "
An that wns nil: poor Jimmy died, tho
brjvest In the Squad
Where hevcry bloomln' man's a. 'ero
bryve.
An' I know some who never pray who
spoke that night to Oawd
For im wo 'rlpcd to bury In is gryve.
VARLEY.
The Talc of a Dog
This In the tale of a dog brought here by
Edward Corbett, San Francisco. It con
cerns Alaska Jack, pioneer, of Fairbanks,
Alaska, and a thorough Irish terrier In
strain and character. Corbett was bringing
him to New York to his master. Dr. James
E. Fuller, Sail Francisco, who Is waiting
to go abroail with n Red Cross unit.
Just out of Albany Alaska .lack, who had
been lying quietly on the deck watching
with tenfo eyes tho dickering rays of the
searchlight that plaved about for tho pas
sengers' amusement, suddenly rose and
hnlffetl eagerly.
Then over the deck rail he went Into the
river.
Mr Corbett nnd other passengers begged
the captain to send a boat off to pick up the
dog, but tho captain would only slow down
tho engines nnd follow tho dog with the
searchlight. The terrier swam a straight
course through tho still water toward a
launch whose lights gleamed on the port
bow about 200 feet away.
Then, Mr. Corbett says, ho realized that
all was well. Doctor Fuller Is an enthusi
astic ynchtsman.
"Ahov, Jim Fuller'" lie yelled A voire
from the launch answered back In amaze
ment: "Yes; what Is It7"
"I thought so," Corbett said Then cried,
"Hey. Jim, that's your dog, Alaska Jack,
swimming to joti; pick him up" And the
passengers lining tho rails saw Alaska
Jack's bedraggled form lifted to safety by
his master so Mr. Corbett and others say.
Milwaukee Journal.
A good story that, nnd It may bo true.
Here's another ono that's ns truo as
gospel, for a tablet at Haines's Falls, In
tho Catskllls, attests It and gives tho
names ot master and dog, which have
slipped our memory. For our present
purpose let's call tho dog
JACK
Call htm "Jack the Llonhcart"
Or call him. "Jack tho Fool."
Who may tell the twain apartf
There Is no certain rule,
Xot for me to judge the brute
Or analyse his acts;
Human sages may dispute tr
I viercly tell the acts.
Jack upon the torrent's rim
A hundred feet or so
Saw his master watching Mm
From the rocks below,
"Jack!" The master spoke the word
To bring him to his side;
The brute upon the high ledge heard
And straightway leaped and died!
Cnll him "Jack the Lionheart"
Or call him "Jack tfie Fool."
Who may tell the twain apartf
There la no ccrfaln ride.
Our Own War, News
(Special from Fort Leavenworth)
It gives me pleasure to report, and this
Is upon the best of authority, that two lads
In my department of tho signal corps aro
i-narno and Lonnle
Klckllghter.
Skilled observers
hero assuro me that,
although the buglo
tails for Mess and
lire do not Bound the
me at all, tho re
sults produced are
iili "j v"
ry similar.
This mornlnc
Friend Rookie was
caught with a broom
In his hand on his
way to sweep out the
"reveille room." Yes
terday he was de
tailed to the pantry
as "bread sergeant" and later he was sent
to the quartermaster depot to draw a bread
tergcant's chevrons. (See accompanying
map.) C. C. S.
As we remarked before, our special
correspondent nt Fort Leavenworth was
the first ot our contrlbs to enlist. Ho
reports now that ho Is acting first
sergoant. Good! And may we ask those
who favor changing the name ot Ger
mantown how much more patriotic would
this lad havo been It his name had been
Washington, Adams or Hancock instead
of Carl C. Shanfelter, which It happens
to be?
AN ACOIDKNT
I saw him fall beneath the wagon's
wheel
Poor lad, u'ftotn J had never sen before.
Then as my soul and senses seemed to
reel,
Out of my sight his huddled form
they bore.
Whether he lived or died 1 do not know.
Thus in Xew Vork the core of life
we lose.
lie stopped the traffic but a moment, so
lie was not even mentioned In the news.
C11AHLE8 11AXBOX TOWNE.
Better let "a sixpence go bang" for Ice
cream than for powder tomorrow.
Lord, love the silly weatherman;
lie surety Is a fooler.
Bis forecast for today oepan
Jt "fair -ttKf Kjrnflj ,"
THEY'LL CELEBRATE THE FOURTH ABROAD THIS YEAR
H
-a. -l.!r,JMW Ciie2!
THE VOICE OF
THE PEOPLE
"Germany Over All" Uncol
lected Garbage Vice in
Prussia
T'iIj Wfpnrfmfitt (i free to all reader tcho
Irish to express their oplnlona on subjects ot
current interest. It Is at open orum and the
Evening Ledger assumes no respouelblllli for
the vletcs of Us correspondents. Letters must
be signed bv the name and address ot the
urlter, not ttrcrsAarlli for publication, but as a
guarantee of good att'u
SMITH FOR GOVERNOR
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir Now that nominations for Governor
are drawing near, and, Inasmuch as wo
must havo a people's man on every ticket
to correspond with tho Administration at
Washington, why not nomlnato Mayor
Smith on the Republican ticket?
Mayor Smith has shown himself to be a
people's man. Tho other day, when It
seemed the futuro of this city's rapid transit
would go by default through an asinine
decision of tho State service commission,'
Mayor Smith laid down his pen, put on his
hat, took the train, nrrlved In Harrlsburg,
rolled up his sleeves and within a few
moments convinced the committee and Jim
McN'Ichol, In chargo ot that emancipation
bill, that unless certain measures wero
adopted tho people would be robbed and
transit would be a fake.
I liked the way the Mayor went about
this He was In earnest and showed he was
honest clear through. Ho Is going to fight
for tho people's Interest, and his terse re
marks wcro driven homo straight from the
shoulder.
When ho entered office nobody envied him
his Job. Hounded night and day by office
seekers, Jumped on becauso he took care of
his relations and particular friends Instead
ot strangers and enemies; howled at be
causo he happened to be In a bonding busi
ness which bonded employes of the city,
he was called things; but nobody said he
was dishonest. He, has been able, in spite
of dissensions in his party, to cement
friendships and accomplish real good for
this skeptical city. He hobnobbed with the
rich. Well, so do Billy Sunday and Roose
velt and Joff re and all other prominent men.
But being friends or doing business with
the rich does not necessarily say you aro
crooked. a.
In order to get wlso to transit he must
converse with transit people. "He gives
contracts to certain political people." He
doesn't do anything of tho kind. You and
1 can bid and be awarded these contracts
If we can Bhow the goods and underbid our
competitors. He hasn't squandered nnv
money and he Isn't robbing the city of her
moral position In this State. His selection
of his cabinet has shown great skill In
municipal government.
Ho is an American first, last and all
times. He has advocated, worked and
fought for the protection of American
principles and American cltliens.
If a man takes care of his family, he will
tako care of you. If he can bring jirder out
of chaos in a city like Philadelphia, he can
easily assume the duties of Governor. He
has known what It Is to be poor He has
social and political enemies. He Is human
no wflfl iiitauuuerBiuuu ui nrst, out not now
As he grows older In this office he be
comes broader In his views. He Is the best
candidate for Governor the Republicans can
find and the safest they can put up for the
people. ROBERT B. NIXON. Jr.
Philadelphia, July 1.
"GERMANY OVER ALL"
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir "Oermany over all" 8 not a sentl
ment of patriotism of the German people
it Is the vicious expression of an autocratic
circle so-called dlDlomats whnu o.. i
".uence has placed their enslaved charges
,n t.v .... w .... .,m,.ub. inese peo
ple are sacrificing life and soul In support
of the systematized delusions with which
their masters are suffering. It is this
"Vaterland Ueber Alles," a JudIment or
vesti.e ct the group or clan morality that
has set he world aflame and created' vast
orphan asylums, infirmaries and grave
yards. It la this principle which led to such
acts as the violation ot Belgium, anrh
wholesale murder as the. sinking of the
LulUnla, the unrttrale4 waisawe ot on
tis eVstA.y..i ... -ge2r',''W,,'.. . c-rrNtei? ,'Ue .a4'.-!, 'WtajrWB.'i.i. jJw.-Jtl" -
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Armenians by the Turks, nnd other atroci
ties too horrible to mention, the only Justi
fication of which Is tho exasperating "mili
tary necessity." "Vnterland Ueber Alles"
obviously Implies that tho "Vaterland" must
dominate over righteousness, morality and
oven God Germany's dehumanlzatlon
means her downfall ; ancient Sparta paid
all her attention to becoming powerful ;
she did so by severing her humanity, and
died of tho amputation.
On first thought, wo havo asked, "Why
must wo fight Europe's battles? Why
sacrifice men and wealth In this mad up
heaval?" As long as "Vaterland" and
"military necessity" dlsposo In so whole
sale a fashion of life, liberty nnd pursuit
of happiness, what nation Is safo? In he
present ago of Inventive Ingenuity what Is
a mero 3000 miles of ocean a mero pond
to a haughty aggressor. Inspired with tho
delusion that his Kultur must engirdle tho
earth through tho medium of torpedoes and
Krupp's commodities? On second thought,
mn not Knrnnn been flt-htlntr our battles
I for nearly threo years' And wo havo Just
awakened to tho fact' most tortunaio it
Is that wo aro now united with our fel
lows In Europe, for were this not tho case
wo would have been compelled In a few
brief years to face a rain of fire and shell
on this side, perhaps all alone.
Will not this war lead directly or In
directly to tho universal brotherhood of
man? Is not- this carnage tho prlco we
aro paying for universal peace, when every
man will be his brother's keeper? All
mankind has a common earth, ono canopy
of heaven, one Creator. Aro wo not reach
ing tho stago through bloodshed when man
kind will bo blessed with one Ideal ; namely,
to find his own happiness in tho happiness
of his fellow one destiny, one house of
worship through tho medium of tho guid
ing conscience which lies In every man's
heart?
The soldiers fighting under the Star
Spangled Banner are fighting a battlo to
place God "ueber Vaterland." What man
would not happily glvo his all, his life, to
tho Almighty? ISRAEL BRAM.
Philadelphia, July 1.
GARBAGE LEFT IN STREET
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir Just a word about tho collection of
garbage In this neighborhood Second and
Federal streets. Tho collector comes
around about three times a week, and on
the days ho does not come wo aro devoured
by files which Infest the garbage left In
tho street Sometimes on collection days
the collector goes on up Second street with
out emptying tho cans, If It happens that
he does not feel like doing his work.
As for street cleaning, the street Is
cleaned every day, but the traffic Is great
at this point and the dust gathers quickly.
However, we cannot expect (o keep from
dust but the garbage should bo removed
dally. E. M. MAULL.
Philadelphia, July 1.
VICE IN GERMANY
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir You print a letter on "Frlghtfulness
nt Home" which discloses ignorance of con
ditions inside the German Empire. Having
traveled and resided In that country for
twenty-eight years, I can give some In
formation. Olllctal returns show that over
11 per cent of the population are born out
ot weaiocK.
There Is no country In the world where
vice Is more commercialized than In Ger
many. There are 60,000 women In Berlin
registered by the police as leading a pro
fessionally Immoral life, besides thousands
of others unregistered. In Hamburg and
other cities there are dozens of streets
officially Inhabited by unfortunates. -They
are virtually Imprisoned there and are
strictly forbidden to promenade tbe streets
As & good Prussian assessor once bit
terly complained to me, the only freedom
In Germany Is the freedom of vice.
M, S
Philadelphia, June 3,
HOW MARK TWAIN STARTED
Among the Interesting stories about Mark
Twain unearthed- by Albert Dlgelow Paine
his biographer, is one relating In Twain's"
own words how he started on a writing
career. "-
The first p-ragraph which Mark Twnln
wrote when he began his editorial dutl.a
with the Virginia City Enterprise was thi.
"A beautiful sunset made B.ranier J
pot. a mother's kiss mad rt.nt.i. ,.,
T (.;-- -4. J
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''its S l i .-;. j. S.
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What Do You Know?
QUIZ
I. Who una William Winter?
2. What la the srentest Inland freMi natel '
sen on the slobeT
3. Who was Maizlnl?
4. How many (iernian merchant vessels wen
rerently taken over by the American
Milpplnc Hoard?
5. What l the niranlns of Iluenos Aires?
0. t hat Frenchman planned the city of Wasb
Incton? 7. What waft the real name of George Sandf
8. What wan the "Virginias" case In Amer
ican hMorj?
0. Whnt famous American Secretary of State
wrote ii popular novel whoar authorship
wiik not lirllnltely disclosed until after hit
(tenth?
10. Who U the present Sultan of TttrLe?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. 31. raeltch Is the present Serbian Premier,
2. The "JsojiHlri" were e&ecnttons practiced
tlurlnit the l'rrnrli Helen ot Terror br
('airier, the revolutionary acrnt at
untc. Ilie. condemned pemons wero
tlrowned In the river Loire. The French
word tneuiis the action of drimnlnr.
3. (luatliiliiiiira, with n population nf about
120,(100, li the second city in Mcilco.
4. J. Ktthlo Kiilnnlanaole la the present IIo-
unllan Ilelecute In Conrre.
B. Ilenrdlct ' l the prenent I'ope.
0. "Tout vii blcn" (all soen well) l the near-
et l'rrnch rqulvulcnt to the Knjllib
"ull rlsht."
7. Cenru-e llrjun llrummell was an i:nlllh
leader of fashion. Ills dutes are Ills-
8. The magnetic North Pole Is thought to be
somewhere In Hudson Hay. The subject
was Investigated a few jears ago by Cap
tain Amundsen, ht't his observations haia
not et been published by the Norwegian
authorities.
0, There are now six republics In Kuropc
I rnnre, ItuMla, bwltierland, Portugal,
un Marino, a tiny State near tho Adri
atic entirely surrounded by Italy, and An
dorra, another miniature nation In the
. ....''3re"M between France and Spain.
10. "One today Is worth two tomorrows" Is In
lienjumln Frunklln'a "Poor ltlchard's Al
manac." FIRST BATTLE OP IRONCLADS
A STRANGE naval battle occurred In
March, 1SG2, In Hampton Roads, a bat
tle destined to Inaugurate a new era In
naval engagements. The Confederates had
raised the sunken Merrlmao and had con
verted It into an Ironclad ram, which they
called tho Virginia. She had gone down to
Hampton Roads and destroyed the wooden
sailing frigates Congress and Cumberland
on March 8 at tho mouth of the James
River, and It was expected she would an
nihilate other transports there tho next
morning.
Anxiously the Union army and navy offi
cers passed tho night of the 8th, for there
appeared no competent human agency to
avert tho threatened disaster. Meanwhile
another vessel of novel form and aspect had
beert constructed at Grcenpolnt, L. I., under
the direction of Captain Ericsson, It was
a dwarf beside the other Ironclad. It pre
sented to the eye a simple platform, sharp
at both ends, and bearing In Its center a
round tower twenty feet in diameter and
ten feet In height, made, as was the reit
of the vessel, of heavy Iron. It presented
a bombproof fort (called derisively by the
Confederates a "cheese box") In which were
mounted two eleven-Inch cannon. This was
the Monitor. She was In command of Lieu
tenant John L. Worden.
Worden reported to the flag officer of the
Union fleet In the Roads and was ordered
to aid the Minnesota in tho expected en
counter with the Merrlmao In the, mornlnr.
It was a bright Sabbath morning Before
sunrise the dreaded Merrlmao came down
from Norfolk. The stern guns of tho Mia
nesota opened upon the Merrlmao when th
little Monitor ran out and placed herself by
the side ot the Confederate Ironclad. Sha
was like a pygmy beside a giant. Suddenly
her mysterious tower began td revolve, ana
from it her guns hurled nnnderoui shot la
quick succession. The Merrlmac answered .
witn neavy uroaasicies. and so they strug
gled, for some time without Injuring eeh
other.
The Merrlmn ilrxw e.ft nn,1 oMa'.lrftrl th6
wooden ship Minnesota. Seeing tho latter 3
...,. yryr ;ii2MZrt-iczn
in great peril, the Monitor ran between v
them. A remarkable duel followed, tbe HtU
vessel aoaging in ana out, keeping in
huge Merrlmao from her prey. Finally the
Confederate vessel was so much disabled
that she fled up to Norfolk and did not
renew the battle, Worden was severely
wounded and for several days It was be'
llsved he ould die.
Had the Mer lmac been successful, hid
the North failed to Invent a warcraft to
defeat the new type of vessel, the block
would have been broken and the length.
ma war greatly Increased,
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