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(MM at. X. Cdtm . Chairman.
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HUflO t.....1202 rrttmn Bulldlnc
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; .ATh KvasiHO Luxiam 1 Mrrtd to aubacrltwra
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) Br mall to point outride of Philadelphia. In
f taa 1Inltd BtatM, Canada or Unltrd 8tata poa-
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ViJi aatt.MMVii.Nirr keystone. MAIN I0M
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coultion or ran evenino ledoeb
FOR FEBRUARY WAS 0S.11
FUUdelpali, TntiQtr. April 3, 1417
THE ARSENAL OF THE NATION
IT IS the proud privilege of Philadel
phia to offer to tho nation in this
crisis not only the heart and blood of her
men and women In defense of the sacred
principles In this locality given birth,
but also In prodigal fashion to supply the
Implements by means of which wars are
Ri' n
mrj$i-.
Eh V7 '-v aa
5', r""'"yuvin T-rtfUflr "TMKr
w'1 Tho talent of our organizers, the un
matched skill of our workers in metals,
cur vast textile establishments, our acres
of shipbuilding plants, our great produc
tive capacity In dozens of' other lines of
manufacture, our drugmaklng institu
tions and our citadels of finance Combine
to make this city the arsenal of tho
nation.
Hero tho thunderbolts of war are
forged In all their forms, In defiance of
autocracy and In defense of democracy.
In an Iron ring about tho city, within tho
confines of the State, aro Imperial re
sources for the national aise. Many times
tnore powerful is Pennsylvania alone than
was the entire nation In tho days of Its
first freedom.
State and city alike have dedicated
themselves to the mighty purpose of
world liberalism and will loose their pow-
pi era In its defense. We look to both to ac
quit themselves in this hour of national
and International peril as befits their
Bight and their destiny.
NO DAWDLING!
tTTE TRUST that Congress today will
I YY measure up to the high standard of
ervlce and Idealism set by the President
In his calm but terrific arraignment of
the German Government yesterday. May
no flabby-minded elocutionist wallow in
"Th!s vocabulary today and seek by parlla-
fcentory devices to postpone formal ana
laral declaration of tho nation'a nurnose.
y Tha time for declamations has DassecT.
LV" 7a trnnnr nt Inat wlifir WA tntnrt tft rtn-
K?,1 UV do it
rj.. ,
Bn.UULlll,K 1U BilUUliLICiH
&- RP arme neutrality an utter fall
p" . YY ure. It is gratifying that the President
a f" baa Ignored all recommendations for a bo-
ijVemlled defensive and passive war. The Job
fe'f'" -which is to be done must be done thor-
?,' ughly. Lives and money will be saved
K!Vinne long run Dy puiung io worK every
f'b power we possess tor me uisempowenneni
$rf the Prussian war dynasty. It Is a
Kt -'dynasty on which. Incidentally, the Presl-
'4ent lays the full burden of responsibility
- for the war, through Intrigues lasting
r".ver many years, culminating In a base
Wk 4 It would bo asinine not to take Into
?t consideration the forces already arrayed
!f ,,"ilns't our enemy. Whatever the state
jKviyt military unpreparedness-in which we
fyW'Jal ... MwmmvkM flnnni-tfillv wa bpb 4ia faeat
"('prepared nation in the world. More than
ij.that, tjie Allies have already nurtured
v.ior. us vasi munition pianus. jx .win db
'l'Vur privilege to increase the output of
Mmm establishments, furnishing those
. fagfetlng on' our side with the things that
teney will buy rather than with the
hfsciriey itself. But of the latter, we have
t full supply If It he needed.
Tfce, nation is ready, "we believe, to
ke .sacrifices. It is ready to pay addl
jal taxes, to forgo indulgences, to
k jts stand In the family of belligerent
nplons of law and order on equal
a, without equivocation. Aa a peo-
t'we are read to see thhr thing through
finish, no matter what the price, for
I deluge must be checked.
'.-
1
IN, THB LIGHT OF HISTORY
GERMANSBl&-rs of the Trl-
ttaphke.VchortTiiijit ao persistently
ted nletpry tej, the, present mad
Ms taste, a -survey of ine world's
'ttfe, and the-fates of mlgh'ty ty-
' Aji.lAt.l ...A AA M
1 tor Ttto. refaction. As it Is,
I Md '! Uberty-lovlna; peoples
, pctmi';Uoto eMrm them. la the
tbM- iar whatever snaxiow it may,
th teroli. of freedim ever .refuses
f&Ofir CatUngutoh.
i iwt no TKer oaya for
Uttt tutttultuous ewcli'JBf
r"r f"Wr
gK
1 11 "illlHI '""
H?.4fc 'VHaaHJOt.j nAaBBUBBKnfamaa&aBHI.LIAjaiaBiulfelAaawiai r . , A - as-,lffv i ' . T - Mnu
e
aai.iaiKn
ul ttvjLVT ; ,t; .
J BRia,Yi.T . F" ' 4 t
AJn thi'itarAal itrufklo AroM
Rome, then 'republican and freer In cer
tain way than even Greece had been,
confronted the greedy commercial and
military despotism of Carthage. Hannl
bal was a IUndcnbuVg. but Sclplo bore the
acred flame that over saves mankind,
and Dido's, once-proud city was turned to
dust
It waa when Uome herself degenerated
Into the absolute autocracy on which
po many falso preBcnt-day German Ideals
are founded that sho, too. fell to the
hordes of Goths, which, however anarchic
and destructive, yet sowed the seeds of a
new elemental individuality and liberty,
whpse effect on tho free lands of Europo Is
still evident.
The later pageant unfolds the Spanish
world dominion. Tiny Holland cast to It
ti,. mm of battle, and freedom won.
And In the nineteenth contury It was
strangely chastened Spain which was onu
of the most effective agents In confuting
tho dreams of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Thus the alignment of enemies for and
against freedom may change, but the lam
bent flame of tho world's hopo Is eternal.
Now America bears the torch. Unless tho
past Is all a mockery and teaches nothing,
Germany must face either Illumination by
that holy flro or else be consumed thereby
beforo she Is reborn.
"AND MAKE THE WORLD ITSELF
AT LAST FREE"
THE Prosldent has accomplished the
seemingly Impossible. His mighty
words to Congress have mado the pur-
poso that America will have in entering
tho war transcend In Importance tho fact
that we do enter It.
For once tho people of a nation nao
a .a .l.nllcttl'Altf
been nllowcd to ueoaie
.......... t v.ivv nhnll flcht. For
wnoinur ui iiuw - j
once a people have been allowed to bring
to a chief of stato tho accumulated
counsels that conflicted with each other
and yet were at the last united, and to
receive from him tho prcclso response
that tho noblest of them had prayed for.
We have meant to strike for humanity
In somo way that would bo American.
Wo have hesitated to Btrlko becauso wo
could not see our way clear to strlko and
strike only for democracy In tho tangled
purposes of tho nations. The President
has mado It clear. Not by entangling
us amid tho legalistic weeds and under
brush of tho war, but by making our
purpose as simple, as great and as in
vincible as that of any other belligerent
nation, ho has taken America In the only
way sho should bo taken at her best.
Who of us would value his life above
fheso principles?
It i3 not belittling the speech, It Is but
praising It the more, to say that It says
what all good and brave men and women
have been saying, here and everywhere.
"Wo have no quarrel with the German
people." Wo have not. The German
Revolution has been the hope and dream
of all true friends as well as foes of
Germany for a generation. Mr. Wilson
has brought that liberation of tho great
German people a step nearer to reality.
He make's It clear that we aro never
again to send an Ambassador to a tyrant
Hohenzollern or to any other tyrant.
It will be hard, says the President, for
Germans to believe that we speak from
our hearts when wo say, through his
eloquence, that wo aro the sincere friends
of the German people. It will be as hard
for us to keep to that great purpose
without prayer that wo may not fight
without loving.
"And make tho world Itself at last
free!"
"INCOMPARABLY THE GREATEST
NAVY"
N
OT long ago tho President declared
that we must have "Incomparably
the greatest navy In the world." Yester
day ho called for "the immediate full
equipment of tho navy In all respects."
This nation can afford to maintain the
greatest navy aflpat. Such a navy will as.
sure for generations not only tho peace
of this nation, but the supremacy of demo
cratic government In this hemisphere.
UNIVERSAL LIABILITY TO
SERVICE
nnHE President touched the heart of
- public sentiment wnen no ueciureu yes
terday that the army to bo raised should
"be chosen upon the prlnclplo of universal
liability to service."
This Is to be a national war, waged by
the wholo nation for the vindication of its
principles and liberal principles every
where. Let all men be liable for service,
subject to exemptions in cases where It Is
apparent that the particulhr skill of a
man will bo of moro service to the nation
at home than in the field.
KalserUm run amuck has taught its les
son. Never again must democracy be un
prepared to grapple with the beast.
ONE OF TIME'S REVENGES
a.1 i
PRESIDENT WILSON said in ad
dressing 4000 naturalized -dtlzens in'
this city on May 10, 1915:
The example of America must be a
'special example. The xamplo of
America must be an example of not
peace because It will not fight, but of
peace because peace la the healing tmd
elevating Influence of the world and
strife is not. There Is such a thing
as a man neing loo proua to nght.
There Is such a thing as a nation being
so right that It does not need to con
vince others by force that it Is right
Four words of this famous utterance
were translated Into fifty tongues and
jeered at In every country in the world
outside of China. ' Democrats apologized
for tljem; Republicans scoffed at them.
There-", hardly any one who did not
Wish MiVHiW ,. They were
'taiiMht tapyeiMt an,, unattainable. Meat
msW 1M tabw MrVMWta, behalf of
Mi WMIW i MMMJJ. 11,
JPOlEtEiGNAViES
PROTECT AMERICA
Wc Have Not Profited by
Mahan's Teachings About Sea
Power and Must Prepare
in Haste
IT IS nearly twenty-seven years since
Admiral Mnhan, then a captain, pub
lished his "Influonco of Sea Power on
History." The effect of this great book
upon tho naval policy of other nations
has been revolutionary, particularly upon
th'o naval policy of Germany. Tho Ger
man Emplro today is In large part tho
product of the thinking of two Americans.
Mahan pointed out to It the Importance
of power on tho sea nnd two or three
generations earlier Frederick List read
Alexander Hamilton's "Report on Manu
factures" and Interpreted to his fellow
countrymen the theories of a protective
tariff which that distinguished financier
formulated.
But the United States has profited less
than any other Power by Mahan's teach
ings. Mahan know that what ho wrote
would havo Httlo effect here, for ho said:
Tho necessity for a navy In the re
stricted senso of tho word springs from
tho existence of a peaceful shipping
and disappears with It, except In tho
c.iso of a nation with nggresslvo ten
' dcnclcs that keeps up a navy merely ns
a branch of the military establishment.
As tho United States has at present no
aggressive puiposes, and as Its mer
chant scrvlco has disappeared, the
dwindling of tho armed fleet and gen
crnl lack of interest, In it nre logical
consequences. When for nny reason
Bea trado Is again found to pay, a largo
enough shipping interest will reap
pear to compel tho revival of tho war
fleet. It is posslblo that when a canal
routo through the Central American
Isthmus Is seen to be a near certainty,
the nggrcsslvo Impulse may bo strong
enough to lead to tho same result. (This
was written beforo tho Panama Canal
was built). This "Is doubtful, however,
becauso a peaceful, gain-loving nation
Is not far-sighted, nnd far-sightedness
Is needed for adequate military prepar
ation. Events have proved Mnhan to bo a good
prophet, for notwithstanding tho com
pletion of tho canal tho nation has failed
to reallzo its weakness on tho sea and
has consequently failed to build a navy
adequate to tho needs of a coast line
longer than that of nny other world
Power. Indeed, tho thinking men who
havo understood tho situation havo had
great difficulty In persuading Congress
to appropriate money for battleships and
havo found It almost ns difficult to per
suado It to provide for adequate defense
of tho mouths of our great harbors. They
have known that In any war with another
Power wc would bo absolutely dependent
on tho navy to prevent an invasion. They
havo known that tho British defeated
Napoleon at Trafalgar, and not nt Water.
loo; and that an Invasion of Great Britain
was prevented by destroying the war-
ships which wcro to convoy tho troops
across the British Channel. They have
known, too, that Hannibal was defeated
In his campaign against Rome because
Rome had command of tho sea nnd pre
vented the Carthaginians from getting
re-enforcements when they needed them.
U. S. Dependent on a Foreign Navy
They know now that it is tho British
and French fleets that keep tho German
armies on the Continent, and In tho event
of a war between the United States and
Germany wo must look to these fleets oi
foreign Powers to servo as our first line
of defense. If the German navy could get
to sea that Is, If there wero no French
and British fleets In tho way the German
warships would even now be hovering
along our coasts ready to strike when
the signal was given.
Our harbors, as Mahan said, aro sources
of strength when defended, but when im
properly protected aro sources of weak
ness. Ho wrote:
Numerous nnd deep harbors are a
source of strength and wealth, and
doubly so If they nre the outlets of
navigable streams which facilitate the
concentration In them of a country's
Internal trado; but by their very ac
cessibility they becomo a source of
weakness In war If not properly de
fended. The Dutch In 1667 found little
difficulty In ascending tho Thames and
burning a large fraction of tho English
navy within sight of London : whereas,
a few years later tho combined fleets
of England nnd France when attempt
ing a landing In Holland were follef
by tho difficulties of tho coast ns much
as by tho valor of the Dutch fleet.
In 1778 tho harbor of New York, and
with it tho undisputed control of the
Hudson niver, would have been lost to
tho English, who wero caught at a dis
advantage, but for the hesitancy of the
French admiral. With that control
New England would havo been restored
to closo and safe communication with
New York, New Jersey and Pennsyl
vania, and this blow following so closely
on Burgoyne's disaster of the year be.
foro would probably have led the Eng
lish to make an earlier peace. Tho
Mississippi is a mighty source of wealth
to the United States, but the feeble de
fenscsat Its mouth and tho number of
Its subsidiary streams penetrating tho
country' mado It a weakness and source
of disaster to the Southern Confederacy.
And, lastly, In 1814, the occupation of
the Chesapeake and tho destruction of
Washington gave a Bharp lesson of tho
danger Incurred through the noblest of
waterways If their approaches be un
defended ; a lesson recent enough to bo
easily recalled, but which, from present
appearance of the coast defenses, teems
to be yet more easily forgotten. Nor
should It be thought that conditions
have changed; circumstances and de
tails of offense and defense have been
modified In these days as before, but
the great conditions remain the same.
There has been some Improvement since
this was written, but the inadequacy of
the defonses is a matter of common
kndwledge. Congress has made appro
priations for tho purpose with great re
luctance. The nation finds Itself now
confronted with an emergency for which
lt must prepare In hasto, and it must
thank Its lucky stars that the enemy
with which It confronted Is also con
fronted by Powers which have made
preparations for defense on the sea ade
quate to their needs. i
A l
RUTHLESS WAR AND OUR TRADE
In February export frqm New York de
.jfaaArt lust. a- little short of ISO.000.000.
As tt rifM -Amild be similar at bthw
" - ,il ' w- - 4talaaAaVJaWAa lAU In Alia aBaaaktB
--tf -PJ -A
vulTom Daly a Column
ONE of our own bright young men, who
bears a namo which sometimes stirs the
rislblcs of tho unthinking, was spoofed
n bit by his companions at a movlo show
when this leader was flashed upon the
screen after a patriotic film:
DON'T BE A CRAVEN
A study of tho naval history of tho
country will Bhow that our navy has
always harbored ono or more Cravens,
almost from the first. Thero was one
member of tho family whoso exploit in
Mobile Bay August C. 1864, inspired
Honry Newbolt, ono of England's great
est living poets, to write a dramatic
ballad, from which wo take these four
stanzas: '
Over the turret, shut In his ironclad tower,
Craven was conning his ship through
smoko nnd flame;
Gun to gun he had battered tho fort ror
nil hour,
Now vns tho time for a charge to end
the game.
Into the narrowing channel, between the
Khoro
And tho sunk torpedoes lying In treacher
ous rank :
Sho turned but a yard too short : a mumed
ronr,
A mountainous wave and she rolled,
righted nnd sank.
Over tho manhole, up In the Ironclad tower.
Pilot nnd captain met as they turned
to fly:
The hundredth part of a moment seemed
an hour.
For one could pass to be saved and one
must die.
They stood lll.o men In a dream ; Craven
spoke
Spoko ns ho lived nnd fought, with n
captain's pride:
"After you, pilot." The pilot woke,
Down tho ladder ho went, nnd Craven
died. '
Aye! 'TIs lh' Matin' 'lime o' Thim
About five miles off Connebcg, not
far dlstnnt from Qticcnstown, ho sighted
a great flock of bulls maneuvering
above the water. New York Tribune.
Dear Tom Do you supposo the crea
tures wcro tho Irish bulls of which wo
hear so much? II. V.
Wltherspoon, Hlnklo nnd Kingston In
tho Philadelphia Orchestra's1 presentation
of Bach's Passion music failed to stir our
blood a particle, but Werrcnrath nnd
Keyes wero credited with perfect scores.
Tho mus. crits. tell us wo know nothing
about oratorio and they'ro right; but
thin wo know: It Is a vain nnd fool
ish thing to present to an English-speaking
audience tho solemn story of tho
Passion couched in guttural German nnd
expect a sympathetic response. Apart
from tho strained political feelings of tho
moment, there nro certain German words
of high dignity nt homo which wear
motley In tho porches of ears accustomed
to concourses of sweet English sound.
YOUXG WISDOM
"Oh, smell tho feathers slngclngl"
Said the flapper next to me.
Wo stood and watched a hat store
As it vanhhed flamlngly.)
"The building's clng Is burning,"
I declared, and swelled with pride:
But the flapper went one better
"Ko, It's burning DOWX," she cried.
PI.
Yesterday morning this came over the
ticker from tho Philadelphia News
Bureau:
WASHINGTON President Wilson
sent his address to Congress to tho
printers shortly after 9 o'clock today.
The President and Mr. Wilson then
went to the golf links.
"Hold!" cried our gallant City Ed.
"Have your cheap Jest If you must, but
spare us tho dual personality stuff; no Im
plication of Jekyll and Hyde, sir!"
Nothing was further from our thoughts.
We merely meant to point out that ono
can hardly expect to turn In a good card
at golf when ono Is besido oneself.
NEW ARRIVALS
We've got somo ticio people come into the
paper,
An' maybe the boss Isn't tickled!
I Half look to sec him cut didoes an'
caper,
Or fall off the van an' git pickled.
He's proud as a peacock or P'rttvian Inca,
An' really looks human an' jolly
Since old "Fountain" Fox and the mighty
ICatrlnka
Came in on the Tooncrvillc Trollcy.
nuns dally exrtpt Sunday.
tTermlnus. back pace.
Arthur Chapman's "OUT WHERE
THE WEST BEGINS" and Other West
ern Verses has Just come to us from the
press of Houghton Mifflin Company.
Here's a taste of this fine lad's quality:
PETE'S ERROR
There's a new grave up on Boot Hill, whero
we've planted Rowdy Pete ;
He died ono cvcnln', sudden, with his leather
on his feet :
He was Cactus Center's terror with that
work of art. tho Colt,
But Bomehow, without warnln", he up and
missed his holt.
His fav'rlte trick In shoottn' was to grab
his victim's right,
Then draw his own revolver and the rest
was jest "good-night"
He worked It In succession on nine stout
and wcll-ar'med men,
But a sickly loohin' stranger made Pete's
feet slip up at ten.
Pete had follercd out his program and had
passed tho flghtln" word ;
He grabbed tho stranger's right hand, when
a funny thing occurred;
The stranger was left-handed, which Pete
hadn't figured out.
And, afore ho fixed his error, Pete was
dead beyond all doubt.
It was Jest another lnstanco of a flaw In
work of Inan ;
A lefty never flggered In the gunman's
battle plan ; '
There's ain't no scheme man thinks of that
Dame Naturo cannot beat-
So his pupils are unlearnln' that cute trick
they got from Pete.
Athletic Mathematics
A toast, ladsl Our own Bill Rocap,
bless his stout heart! A grand fighter
In his day and still packing a wallop, so
let's not be too funny but look here
how he's got the 'multiplication table
hanging on the ropes and spilling frac
tions and things all over us guys In the
high-priced seats around the ringside:
There are few captains of Industry
who can boast of making 148.04 in 'a
minute, or 18 each timo the watch ticks,
but that 1. precisely what Lew Tendler.
the Philadelphia newsboy, did last Mon
day night, and he keft his money-col.
fectlng habit up for eighteen minutes.
But maybe Bill will blame It on his
seconds, tho compositors, and like as not
they're to blame. Even at that, while'
we're In the ring we might call attention
to the- faot that the watch actually tick
twice each econd. Borrow on come time
and llta tp Jt,
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THE VOICE OF
THE PEOPLE
An Anniversary Flag Hot Shot
for the Peace Ad
vocates 7ifj Department it rce to all rentier uhn
t((W to ciprens their opinions on subjecti p
current (nfertst. It It mi oiicn Jorum, awl Vie
Kicnina Leitaer avsumci no rcs(.ontlWlly tor
thi' 1 fru'A nt its rnrrrsimmlent.1. I.ettns must
be signed
tvritcr. not
by the name and auatess oj wc
tcritcr, not necessarily for publication, but as a
guarantee of pood faith.
THE FLAG
To the Editor of the Ilventng Ledger;
Sir Profoundly regretting that I was not
In my usual position at tho breaking out of
tho flag today by Mayor Smith, I wish to
correct some errors in connection with it.
The magnificent flag, mado especially of tho
best material, was tho gift to tho city of
Philadelphia for last Fourth of July's func
tion by Mr. Walter Horstmann, not only
to celebrnto the fiftieth anniversary of tho
closing of the Civil War, but also tho
hundredth anniversary of his business ns tho
manufacturer of American flags. Tho stars
upon it I had previously sent out to the
State Governors with the request that they
have the names of their States embroidered
thereon, and returned home.
At the first stroke of 12, Washington time,
fully 80,000,000 of our people sang the Star
Spangled Banner with us in perfect unison.
And today, they tell me, It was hauled up
by Mayor Smith, who stood on the spot
whero Lincoln stood on Washington's Birth
day, 1801, to hoist the birthday-starred
flag of Kansas over Independence Hall.
Thero It hung a. globe of Inertness, like
an eaglo poised for flight from its aerie.
What suspense, as the straining eyes and
throbbing hearts of Philadelphia watched
It ! And tho 100,000,000 of our nation watched
it as eagerly as wo did! And the multl
plttd millions of other peoples In the world's
starving homes and blood-soaked trenches
misled, deceived Germans llko tho rest,
ruined, ravished by tho Moloch Monarch,
their Kaiser!
Ono tug on the lanyard, and, spread
on God's sky nbove tho hall of our
fathers flashed forth the newest edition of
the Holy Bible of Liberty, with Its thirteen
chapters of red and white, and Its blue
tltlo page lit by Its rorty-eignt star lamps
so brilliantly that all mankind might clearly
see and read the two Imperishable verses:
"All men are created free and equal."
"Proclaim liberty throughout all the land,
unto all tho Inhabitants thereof."
Yes! Watchful Waiting is Winning,
President Wilson, wo are coming 100,
000,000 strong! Yes! Cruel Kaiser, we
aro coming 100,000,000 strong, and Philadel
phia leads the charge 1
CHARLES W. ALEXANDER.
Philadelphia, March 31,
MOTHERHOOD AND WAR
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir Every evening we enjoy your paper.
Last week appeared In your paper a picture
of a female pushing In a perambulator a
booby smoking a cigarette.' He looked like
the old-time P. T. Iiarnum's, "What Is it?"
Above was a picture of Miss Itepplicr; be
low It said, "Miss Reppller's Idea of a mod
ern mother."
Wo are sorry for Miss Reppller that she
has met such miserable specimens of moth
erhood and of childhood. We have endured
her' shouting for war and her criticism of
President Wilson, but when sho attacks
motherhood and mother love every mother
In Philadelphia Bhould rebuke her.
I am the mother fat five sons. Each ono
would lay down his life for his mother or
for a brother or for a friend. Not one will
go to war for the munition makers or for
Wall street. They havo been taught that
war Is a crime. KATIIAIUNE S.
Philadelphia, March 31.
PEACE ADVOCATES
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
t Sir I am writing this letter fully be
lieving imu ii is my uuiy ua an American
citizen to uphold the honor and dignity
of our country In this critical hour and
for all time.
There is not a man in this country today
but knows that we have been Insulted. The
Germans have murdered our wives and
children on the high seas. Not only that,
but they have tried to make our neighbor
ing countries war on us ana we, as a peace
able nation, havo done all in our power to
keep out of war ; but Germany has been at
war with us for months and months, and
now that we demand our rights for the
protection of our country and pur flag, I
ask Intelligent people not to respond to, or
go near the so-called peace advocates.
American citizens, i Know you win de
cide with me In what I am about to say,
and that Is this:
That some of the so-called peace advo
cates are worse than the Gorman spies In
this country ; they have done more damage
to our beloved country, where they have
received protection under the red, white
and blue, and now In our terrible crisis
they are more than Insulting our Govern
ment, or rather Insulting the dignity of our
country and our flag. ,
American citizens, you omnnot imln
how th German population Joyand.ap."
Pi5iteM5?SENSfeNTS!
advocates what wo should alt stand for,
and that is honor, principle nnu liruiet
tlon of our country. Why, it would make
any man with American blood in his veins
'rise nnd condemn tho so-called peace ad
vocates, or lather tho Kaiser's agents,
when our country needs cvciy encourage
ment at this time.
Every man, woman and child today Knows
of the awful depredations tho savages,
tyrants and bloodthirsty German militarism
have done. German militarism has done
things that arc so awful they cannot bo
published dragging mothers from their
children, yet It claims It was for a mili
tary necessity.
it Is unbelievable to think a man with any
decent lcspcct or n drop of American blood
in his elns could stoop so low as not to
uphold the honor and dignity of our country
In this critical hour.
CODY J. DRENNEN.
Philadelphia, April 2.
PRUSSIAN BARBARISM
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
sir As a reply to thn plea voiced by a
correspondent In Monday's EvnstNH l.nnacti
... l.lnH,.,t.... fno l.n ,1n..nn.. ..... '.
IO SHOW V.UI1BIUI I.IUIJII ILII .lit) UL-, II1..U rj Jll-
pathlzer, and to lefialn from speaking of
German barbarisms. I would suggest that
he and these sensitive German citizens read
tho account of tho French nrlest of Voy
onnes, "Two Years In Exile." as given In
Tuebdny's Public Ledger, sixth page. It
Is asking much of a civilized, liberty-loving.
Justlce-lnviiig American to expect him to
rcgaid tho nation which Is guilty of this
nnd a multitude of similar outiages, the
spoliation of all conquered territory, the
exile of the IJelglgins, the cairyjng nway
into exile of women and girls, and the na
tion which Is tha full accomplice of her ally
In the murder and violation of Armenia
and Syria, to regard that nation as any
thing but barbarian.
I am a man of German ancestry, and I
thank God every day that I am American.
Philadelphia, March 27. S. B.
A EUROPEAN REPUBLIC
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir Carving jour neighbor's gooso Is
not pei haps altogether wise, but if any
thing is to be bettered by the war William
of Piussla has engineered, It would be
Europo to find Itself able to get on with
out lilm and his fellow Prussians, and get
together and form tho States of Central
I'liropo on a liberal and wise platform
Bavaria, Saxony, Austria-Hungary, with
tho neutral States of Holland and Den
mark make a respectable bunch sufficiently
homogeneous to live together and keep the
peace, wny should not our Bryans use
up tliolr surplus energies by trying for
something practical on this line? If they
do not caro enough for their country to be
willing to defend her, they would be better
employed pulling the throno from under the
leading bclllcojo power than fighting their
fellow-citizens who havo patriotism. Fight
ing they are and In n way neither creditable
to their citizenship or their power of fore-sltf-i.
AX AMK1UCAN.
Philadelphia, April 1.
SANITARY BARBERS
We acknowledge the receipt of letters
from a number of harbors Indorsing the
action of Dr. M. S. Bennett In Introducing
a bill In the Legislature rcnulrlni- ii.
licensing and sanitary conduct of barber
shops. They maintain that they them
selves conduct sanitary shops and that they
found tho reforms instituted mado for In
creased business as well as the good health
and contentment of patrons. Some of them
express tho opinion that a majority a
barbers aro not up to sanitary standard.
Editor of the Evenino LcDacn.
BURROUGHS AT FOURSCORE
John Burroughs, tho dean of American
nature writers, Is eighty years old today.
The National Academy of Arts and Letters
awarded him the gold medal for essays and
belles letters at Its recent meeting. This
medal U awarded annually by the academy
for the most distinguished work In the field
qf letters and art, and among those who
havo received the honor In former years am
Wl'.llam Rutherford Mead, of the firm of
McKlm, Mead & White, for architecture;
Augustus St. Gaudens, for sculpture ; James
Ford Rhodes, for history, and William Dean
Howells, for fiction. Mr. Burroughs was
born In 1837, In aflttle farmhouse near tho
village or, uoxouiy, . r. -rne house has
long since been remodeled, but It still re
mains the family homestead, and Is now
occupied by his 'brother, 'Curtis Burroughs
The delight he took In the simple, homely
things that go to make up life on a farm
is expressed best in his own words: "From
childhood I was familiar with the homely
facts of the barn nnd of cattle and horses
the sugar-making in the mapte woods in
early spring"; the delicious fall months a.uu
their pigeon and squirrel shooting; the
threshing of buckwheat; the gathering
apples, burning of, fallows; In short, every
thing that smacked of and led to the open
air and Its exhilarations. I belonged, aa 1
may say, to them; and my substance and
taste, as they grew, assimilated them as
truly as my body did Its food. 1 loy "
few books much ; but ,1 loved nature In an
IIWAB IMI4 VAAwyimi mm UU(1Q
i
ruf'
: ll
What Do You Know?
rt.ilr nt nrnrrnl Intel est will 00 anSWffli 1
lii this column. Ten questions, the answers U 1
tehlcli ever) v elUlnormcd person should fcnoif, I
are asi:cu aauu.
QUIZ
1. Whnt Is meant uImmi It is mIi! that "eves
are ninunE In srwMi-ieaKiie noma . j
2. Vtho Is (ienrse W. WlrUerslium? ,1
3, Nu me the Ilanl-h Minister to the Units.
States. (
4. An nrim vmnctlnips It rorcctl inio a cui-u,
KflL Illlllt lH It'.
5. About how old Is the human race suppose!
In lie;
f !!... .. .... t f I. a (Innn.n,?
i. Wli.it Is n smose sircen In n.nal pnrlanct, I
mill Iniv Is It mule.
. Wlut Is flj-il-lilnc?
U. What anil where Is (icmlnl?
10. Hint Is "HalUliiB the dLhiK"?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. T':e miri-IiiiM- nrlce of tho I)iiJ"li West In
dies was sM.oo.i.iMin.
2. I).n lil ... IV.iikIs Is Tiiltcil States Ambat-
h.iilor 1 1 llnskl.1.
a I I lillllin - a. tv .- . -. - - aj
ir 1 1 ltnskl.1. jl
H". Johnson, former (itnernor of Cjd- j
nla, U Scnnlcr-rJett from California, j
S. Illrim
irnrnl
1. Tl! Kue Ciiiuil connects the Sledlte aneia'
Sim with tho tiulf of Aden and tlio India.
(Itfiiii.
.1. "S'oikelln." n position In nnrfare happen.
ulcn mi ii rim emrloiis n position 'an4,
(tunnels retrmt or the alteriiatUe ofj
rupture ir tlewtrtit tlou. .
0. The Mcrrln.ae Illicr, rlslns In New llamt-j
.hire. Is ii tltl.ll rler In northeasterii
Mas!! l!u.rttN. f-
7. An oriel window Is a hay window project-'
lf- .--n... Ilia kliln lif (I linllhn. 3
...p. ....... .a... ...... ... .. .......... ,
B. rhlllmi Sfhelilcmiinn Is u lea.llnB SoclaUlIK
int'iiiDcr oi ine nrrnmii i.c k-iimuk.
9, The okjul Is n iipralhirly tiJoreil animal tff
Airitu, niiii-n iiKt- in- Kirmif. mi- iih
hhorter nee. Its less mid haunches an
btrlned.
10. Th Seemlier. iicrordliiR to reports. I thi
latest (iermnn raider In tlio Atlantic
The word means "ne.i ea.lc." '
German Money
READER Your question "Will th,i
money of Germans In this country bo con-J
flscated It we go to war with Germany,;
and what can a German girl do to protect1)
her savings?" was referred to United,5
States District Attorney Francis' Flshefj
Kane. He said: "I cannot imagine that
thero will bo any such contlscation by the
Government of the money of German .cltl-j
zens, and I am glad to take this oppor-'
tunlty of allaying gioundless fears that
seem to have been aroused. The represen
tatives of tho Government will do their best
to punish violations of our laws, .put be
yond this they will not go. It would seem
unnecessary to mako such a statement, but
In 'view of tho absurd rumors that are
bclhg circulated, there would seem to be
a 'reason for the state'ment."
Legislative Committees
K. T. II. Senator Clarence J. Buckman,
of Langhorne, is chairman of tho Senate
Appropriations Committee, and Senator
Suminerlleld J. Miller, of Madera, of the
ScntJf Public Health and Sanitation Com
mittee. Representative James F. Wood
ward, of McKecsport, is chairman of the
House Appropriations Committee, nnd Rep
resentative Slgmund J. Gans, of 3247 North
Fifteenth street, Philadelphia, of tho House
Public Health and Sanitation Committee.
There are a0 membera of these four com
mittees. Write to thcStnte Printer, Har
rlsburg, for tho 1!U7 legislative directory.
Easter
II. G. (a) Easter, tho principal Chris
tian feast, Is a movable festival celebrating
the resurrection of Christ from the tomb.
It nlways is tho first Sunday after tho pas
chal full moon, 1, e the full moon that
happens upon or next after March 21, which
is the beginning of the ecclesiastical year
If the full moon happens on a Sunday, the
next Sunday Is Easter. As tho date of ttu
paschal full moon varies, Easter is movable
Tho proper time for holding Easter hai
been the subject of much controversy. Th
Council of Nlcaea in 325 A. D., during 1
controversy between the eastern and west
em churches, decided that Easter shouU
always fall upon a Sunday instead of t
fixed date. (b) From tho beginning of his
tory eggs havo been regarded' as symboll
of resurrection, and were adopted by Chris
tlans as appropriate for Easter.
Passover
II, O, Tho Passover Is a Hebrew feitl
Val commemorating the liberation of th
Israelites from Egyptian bondage and th
sparing of their firstborn when God smot
the firstborn of the Egyptians, "passim
over" the houses of the Israelites, whlcl
were marked with the blood of the' paschs
lamb, It comes regularly on the fifteent
day of the month Alb (now Nlsan) of th
Jewish calendar, and extends over sevt
more onyis. im leasi is a movable 9h
from a Christian standpoint, for the Je'wii
and Christian calendars do not oolncldi
The' Jewish calendar Is a lunl-eolar cale
dar, the year being either ordinary (twelv
?. r.s .r,,tiusrwft
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