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EVENING LEDGEK-PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, JANUARY 22, 1017
DEALERS MAY GO
TO RATE HEARING
City's Merchants Expected)
to Testify to Preserve Rail ,
I" DiffeuentialiRatte
MUST SHOW1 ADVANTAGE
Cheapness of facilities Should
33c Demonstratedlto Answer
North JerseyjJPleii
Tly a Staff CorsesjioMrfrnf
NliW YOItK, Jan. 22V-Tlm thlril week
of tho frclglit rolo hearltkgj ns opened to
day when tlio rnlltoathr, (presented their
final testimony against tun application of
tho northern New Jersey Id tics for a dif
ferential In rates cquialenlto tliat enjoyed
by Philadelphia over New link. AllhmiRh
tho rail corrlcru mndo a blji factor of the
tWo-ccnt differential nwaruVi to Philadel
phia as argument ngnlnt tlio New Jersey
plaint, but little, direct testimony lias been
presented to show In detail tlib mileage nd
vantage from wostorinpolnts njul tho cheap
Mid adequalo fncllltleslof tho ijart of Phlln
rtelpliln. '
To effectively present their cnVio before the
Jtntcrsjato Commerce Comnilsbn It will bo
iiecessary for tho wllaicsses of 1 the arlous
trade bod lei of Philadelphia, wlto hao tiled
Intervening petitions toullrcct nifich of their
Testimony along these natlis wMfi they ap
pear boforo Kpeclal Uxnmlncr fWllhur I-a
iloq next Thursday.
MCrtCIfANTS TCTBSTCPV
From tho representatives of Philadelphia
tphamber of Commerce, thti Commvrclal Hx-
chnnge and the Plilladnlphl.iUtoarilllnf Trado
It was learned that several! tiromllrt'tit mer
chants trading tth points am northern New
Jersoy, rato experts amf) 'Other persons
familiar with tho Boneral-ootUitlonn of tho
Jjort of Philadelphia will bol brought hero
fts witnesses. I
Today tho Stato and city W New York
and. their rcspectlvo commercial organlza
Uons began their testimony tto help pre
Crvo tho present freight rates' that gocrn
points on both sldo of Now Yoijlc Harbor.
A hint that tho Now Jersey miction may
Inject a new Issuo in tho cnsoUhat would
be, bitterly contested by tho .New York
bodies wan oldcnccd during-' tho cross-examination
of Harry Wilson, (aailstant gen
t oral freight agent of tho Hrlo llallroarl, who
was asked to explain tho effettt on tho rail
road If tho rato to Now Vok should bo
raised to create the differential asked' by
New Jersey.
THE ERIE'S POSITION
"Assuming." said John It "Walker, ns
BOClato counsel for New JcrroyA "Hint tho
Intorstato Commcrco Commission! mndo an
order that tho New Jersey sldo Mf the port
should have a differential n.ndi that tho
differential should bo brought 'about by
raising tho New York rato Instead of low
ering tlio Now Jersey rate, would" tho Krlo
Tt&llroad have any objection?"
"Not unless It affected other conditions,"
responded Wilson. 'J'ho Hrlo Is always
looking for Increased rconuo; hut.lt might
result In raising tho New Yoik Central
Railroad's all-rall-to-Ncw York route, which
Is determining factor In fixings New York
rates."
"Assuming that tho New York Central has
raised its New York rates, uoutd tho Erie
have any objection to raising Its Iijew York
rate7" was thu next question.
"No; not unless tho increase resulted In
decreasing oui revenuo by reason of subse
quent demands b Philadelphia, Baltimore,
Boston and other ports."
New Conception of Neutral Rights
. In Proposed Qode Inspired by V S.
PETITIONS AGAINST LIQUOR
IN CARLISLE GROW LONG
Example of Coatesville as "Dry" Town
Is Held Up at .
Meeting
CARLISLE. Pa , Jan. 2:. In parties of
two men each. 100 Carlisle temperance
workers conducted a house-to-houso can
vass for signers of remonstrances against
three liquor license applications, as part
of the campaign against liquor being
conducted by tho County No-Llccnsa
League and tho W. C T t' Tho men
obtained many pledges of support. Ono
wholesale place, n, hotel and a saloon aro
tinder tire here Similar action was taken
In other parts of tho county.
The fight will culminate In License Court
en January 29 The remonstrances will ho
filed on Wednesday of this week, and counter-petitions
for license arw also out. As
part of tho campaign the No-Lionse
League held a meeting. Tho Rev. Thomas
McICinney, of Coatesville tho speaker, said
that while from I10UO to $1300 was ex
pended veekly In CouteswUe while tho town
was "wet." tho bank deposits and Christmas
savings clubs Increased fourfold after It
went "dry " Tho number of cosrt cases
also fell off.
"t have been going up and down tho Stato
preaching the funeral sermon of tho liquor
trofllc and am soon going to pronounce tho
benediction," he said.
Neutrality Is tho situation of Staler
which, In tlio limine of a war, aro not
participants
Neutralltj. especially maritime neu
tinllty, must heixmflor'bo regulated not
merely on tho basis of' the right of 'tho
belligerents, but, especially on that of 'the
rights of neutrals, by safeguarding com
mercial liberty and ' tclenstng neutrals
from tho ueless bunions resting nn them
with a Mm to observlng neutrality.
In caso of war bet wren two or tnnro
countries tlio rest of ,tho Slnles must re
frain from-Increasing iho number of bel-llitereiit.t
If not alilo to prevail t tho ronlllct." thev'
must do nil they cnn-loipul nn wirly cm
to It.
When war Is doclnredineulral Hlatesof
tho entire wnrit phall, upon iqupsty of
thn Administrative Council of the Perma
nent Hague t!oitrt, meet to toko meatsnrpn
to maintain freedom of commcrco and
navigation of the neiutral imutitrtos lo ib-.
termlno contraband; to rpo to thn humito
nni-o of till nciitrnl rlghtR and dutlpaip-t-
tnblishpd In tho tipw rules
llelllgcrcntB shall bo Invited lo send
ippteRCtilatiVPd. who may tabo actlvoiirart
In tho itlBi'UHiilons and Imvn tho right to
vote.
In Important rases tho ronrrrencn mav
authorlzn spvero tnpnsurpii ngnlnst being
cront, or ngnlnsl neutnili i of n-Miic to re
spnet rights and duties of neiitrnlltyi
Huch moftsurns may be: Pulilic blame,
pecuniary Indemnity rivninrrlnl boycott i
nnd oven tho uso or an ititcrnaiionai rorce
to bo dotennliipd by iIipji onferencc.
Cotnmorolnl blockade, both of belliger
ent ports and mnrltime zoiie- along beJIIg-,
ercnt coafctB. la formally forhlddou
PrKato property In tho rflnii sea hi !n-f
vlolaWo. Itelllgerrnt ami neuirai mer-.
chant vofM'Isi may In no taso bn confis
cated or sunk under nny 'pretext w)mt-
oer. Contraband may bo - onIhoatcd or
destroyed.
IliRht of tearoh Is nboJMied
ltclllgorent Vccsels may not slop ipu
trul mtrchnnt vessels or merchant onelrt
belonging to the other belligerent except
to demand culmination of tho chhpIs
papers. Dospllo thu regularity of (herald
papers, they (belllgeient mhscIfi maypni
ceed to tho search of nacivh.int vessels if
shown that the vessel does not cany ion
trnband, tho searching vessel khsll 1p con
demned to pay to tho vessel Mmrrbed a
.. in li ilntiinnlned b.v tho ennfureuco of
neutrals: nnd In enwj the vessel seurqhcd.
carries contraband, tho country w Inso au
thorities vlseed tho fulso passport (tfiall bo
condemned to pay an Indemnity toibo de
termined by the said lonferonco 'of null-,
trals.
Vcssola not carrying duly vlseed papers.
miv li searched conrurmamyt to present
International practlco without tho right,
to nn Indemnity.
Itolllgerent vessels may not) refuse to
carry from ono neutral port to another
noiitral port persons or murchandlso under
pretext that they (persons or merchan
dise) belong to a nation with "which their
tbolllgerent merchant vessels)! country Is
ut wa.r.
Hxceptlon to bo mndo regarding porsons
who by leason of their ago or condition
might soro their country
nillclal or private postal ronespondenco
of neutrals or belligerents found lu tho
open sea on board a neutral or oncmy
vessel Is inviolable.
Helllgeronts aio held to respect tho sov
ereign rights of neutral power. nnd to
refrain, within neutral territory or neu
tral wateis, from committing acts which, If
tolerated by neutral powers, would con
utltuto a breach of neutrality.
Belligerents aie especially forbidden to
maku of nuutral port3 and waters tho base
for naval operations agulnst their ndver
tarlos. ltelllgerent warships shall not havo ac
cess to tho ports, roadways and territorial
wntern of neutral powers, except In justi
lled case of force majeure.
They may not repair bevond what Is In
dispensable to safety of their naviga
bility. They must depart Immediately
after tho force majeure has ceased.
It Is especially forbidden war vessels
to lenew or to increase their military pro
visions or armaments, or to complete their
crews.
Tho need of rcvictuallng. of fuel or pro-
'a
vision tines not cnnstltulp a force majeure
Hclllgprent merchant vessels may tako
.fuel and provisions on board 111 neutral
ports Mibjprt lo conditions especially dp
tei mined by Imnl authorities.
It proven'lhnt u merchant vessel taking
fuel or provisions on board in a ueutrnl
port has passed nil or part of Mirh pro
visions, 'id a belligerent warship within or
wlfhoil tho territorial waters of Hie neu
tral power, no fuel or provlsloiiR shall
thrwiflor bp furnished In such country
to oiny ship of the compnn lo whlcli I)p
lungs tho Vessel
When it vi met Is suspected the case
'must be notltled nl once to nil other coun
tries, through the medium of thn confer
ence of neutrals; especially so If tho ves
sel Itns furtively lert port of (tip country.
liclllgorpnt iniiillaiy vpsrpIs retrnns
formed Into merchant vpssels.nmy be ad
mitted as such Into neutral ports nn cer
tain conditions
Aproplanes. dirigibles or airship nf the
belligerent round les may not fly over tho
territory or over thn Jurisdictional waters
or the neutral powers tnfrarltnn of this
iuIp. entitles In the rniitlsintlon of the
craft or to nn indemnitv,
In a war, distinction must be made be
tween thn acts of aid on the port of netp
trnl Stales and arts of commerce on I Im
part of the Individual ; the former onl arc
riintinry to neutrality
A belligerent win ship mut clear Within
(twenty-four hours or within the time pre
'scrlbed by the lornl law.
rile neutral (lovernmeni must use an
vallahlo means lo prevent Within ItR
'jurisdiction the equipping or arming of
ny vessel whlih il has reason io ueneve
1h Intended for ciulslng purposes or Tor
aiding In hostile operations ngnliisl n
power with which It Is at peaie
Neutral powers are not bound lo pre
vonl tho exportation or the transit, for the
account of the one or '.he other belliger
ent, of nrtns. munitions and. In general, of
anything that limy be of any use to un
army or to a fleet
Neutral Uourtnnents must pieveni
ngenls of tlio belligerent iIoVernmenlM
fiom enrolling, within their territory, hel
llgeiont nationals, and especially to pre
ent thu national!, being summoned under
iipiiultv of Iieinc declared deseilers They I
shall not prohibit voluntary departure of
nationals of belligerent Ktates, een when
organized on Inige M'lilo.
In war time tho use of telegraphs or
cobles of neutral powers by the notlnnuli
of tho belllgciciil powers shall be subject
lo measures cdli'ted by the local Authori
ties Neutral powers must uso all available
means to prevent violation of their ieu
trnlily within ports, roadways and leirl
torial waters.
Ilelilgprpnt war or merchant vessels en
tering a neutral country without right to
do so may bo Interned.
Tho country which Interns a vessel In
not losponslble for Injuries sustained by
tho Interned vessel, except In the case of
gross negllgpnce
When a merchandise-bearing vessol Is to
bo interned In n neutrnl country tho part
of tho merchandise destined for tho neu
tral country must be unloaded and tho
part destined for other ports must ho
transshipped
Tho belligerent who violates tho rights
of neutrals established by these rules or
by conference of neutrals bhall pay to the
State lnteiestid a pecuniary Indemnity
Tho confesenco of neutrals shall deter
mine tho maimer of payment of tho In
demnity. In caso of war, tho local authorities of
noutral countries aro especially charged
with vlselng tho papers of merchant es
uels leaving tho port of the country. The
said documents shall certify as to tho na
tuio of the uierchandlso carried by tho
vessels, so ua to liberate them from tho
right of seaich.
Tho confi renco of neutials might ap
point commissions composed of neutrals
whoso duty it would bo to watch, In ench
belligerent country, over tho manner in
which tho laws and customs of war are
observed.
I'pon the basis of Information and re
ports of theso commissions, tho confer
ence, in the namo of neutral countries,
may, if deemed appropriate, protest
against violation of lawn and usages of
war.
Held on False Pretense Charge
WILMINGTON. Pel , Jan. 22. Fred Wil
son, of Pittsburgh, is hold at tho police sta
tion on a charge of obtaining money under
false pretenses from Attorney General
David J. Relnhardt It Is alleged he repre
sented liimself'to bo a clerk for a Pittsburgh
law Arm, which was interested in a Bult
here, and borrowed $5 from tho Attorney
Ceueral until, ho tould get a lemlttnnce
At the ollke of John W Huxley, another
lawyer wline ho tried the same plan, he
uus arreted
DEFENDS THE HURDY-GURDY
Amato, Baritone, Believe3 Humble
"Tony" Should Not Bo Banished
NEW YORK. Jrtin. 22. Thero may bo
persons witln soulsiso exquisitely tuned that
they cannot istandMiurdy-gurdles, but Pas
qualo Amato, Metropolitan opera star, Is
not one of them Amato has a few kind
words to say In defense of his brother
artist, Tony at the hurdy-gurdy.
Up at Albany they have aimed a law at
Tony, which, If sonebody does not top it.
will drive tho poor (fellow and his ancient
music machine into the gutter forever. It
has been drawn up ready for submission
to the New York Legislature by the Young
Men's Italian Asociatlon. of Albany.
"The huidy-gurdy is the muslo of the
poor peoplei" said Amato. 'Ju&t bocausu
Eom can go1 to tho opera and havo pliuno
graph records of the bett music In thoir
homes they should not deprive others of
the little music they can afford."
lllllllliBIIWSIIIlliy'llilllllillimilli'lllilllilCltillflllMllllillBllilllillll!!!:
ADVERTISING
AND SALES
MANAGER
at the larseM conreru of It k"d
la the world leeks new ronutc.
tloa, a the deportment lie now
head liu ben dlacoatlaued.
Prcrteut employer will go out of
their war to te.llfy tu iu elll-cltni-y,
loyalty nud lio usgret
tlrtneM. lur year be ha beta
BcefuUr
Jnvtlgatino Market Condi
liaat, Analytintj Contuuisr De
mand, Vei(iHlng Carton and
Contains, Btltctiag Advtr
tuisy Media, 1'UiHuina Mali
Literature and Uatuleyus,
Writing AdvertMtisj Copy ami
Batea Liter utvrc. maimine ami
Writing Haute Organ, Sale)
and General OorreeiHtndenet,
QrigltuiUno Follow-up I'lanj,
Getting Cooperation of Local
Dialer i and Salesmen, Plan
mag Sole Campaign!
If ban Tal Hue alter from
oilttr pirtt el tbo cuuatry, but,
oiu-r iltu txiite HHI. ptettra
la ntwi l s IWDJiU ,
SEMI-ANNUAL
SHOE CLEARANCE
TPHIS sale of shop-worn specials and odds and
epds begins today. The opportunity to
buy Sorosis Shoes at reduced prices comes
only twice a year.
$5, $6 and $7 Values Now $0.95
. qj)
HPHE shoes offered in this sale are taken from
our regular stock of men's, women's and
children's shoeu in many of the wanted
leathers and combinations not all sizes and
widths in every style.
KID NOVELTIES in Ivory, Bur
gundy and Various Combinations
$10 to $12 Values Now $y.95
SLIPPERS
$4 and $5 Values Now $095
THE price of all footwear has been steadily
mounting throughout the country, due to
the ever.increasing cost of leather, and
the indications point to still further advances.
Prudence suggests that you buy now against
future needs economy demands immediate
action.
HOSIERY IN ALL THE NEW SHADES
SOROSIS SHOE CO.
1314 Chestnut
CODE TO SAFEGUARD
NEUTRALS PROPOSED
Itulcs for Maritime Conservation
Formulated at Session of
American Institute of In
ternational Law
S U G G E S T E D BY LANSING
I'ritieinles Deduced From KIclUs of
Nonlielligcrenls nnd Not From
Prize Court Decisions
IIAVAN'A, t'uba, Jnn 22 A code of
rules of maritime neutrality which should
ginorn the relations bctucett belligerents
ntid lieutrali, prepared at the suggestion of
Secretary of Slate Hubert Lansing, of tho
United Stales, uns submitted to the Amcrl
ran Vhstllule of International Law In on
liual kcssIoii here today
The rode v.a druftid by Iir. Alejandro
Alvaicx, teciotary gpnernl of the Inalltutc.
nnd ulin formerly was Jurlconsult lo tho
riilllnti l'orclgn ofllcc and counselor to the
rhillnn legations abroad. The code will be
referred to the National Society or Inter
national Law In each of the twenly-onc
American repuhllci, ntnl final action upon It
will be tnlien by the Institute nt lis next
nnnuiil meeting.
Secretary t.ntislng bellees Hie time has
come for neutral" to neune men i ignts.
This wui the Rlt of a letter from the Sec
retary to Iir. .lames It Scott, president nf
the Institute, whlcli was tend nt the opening
session. The letter, In pail, reads.
"Jnnunry II, IflT.
"Dear Doctor Scott rn the rc of your
ib.urtfc for llinnnn to attend the pcond
annual lncctlng of the American Inslltutc
of International Inw. I tahe occihIoii to
express my very sincere regret that my offi
cial duties prevent mv being preienl ut the
sexslons of the Inslltule, In which I am so
deeply Interested
'"It will not bo presumptuous, I liust,
t" tall tho attention of the memhi rs of th
intlltute to the memorandum which 1 hod
the honor to submit on January 3. l'llfi,
nt the III hi iiimu.il meeting and whlcli
suggests the proptlety of careful considera
tion of ncutrul rights nnd duties from the
point of lcw of tlie neutrals
'Though I realize that during the con
tinuance of the great International con
flict in Kuropo. definite declarations Rhould
be avoided by Hie Institute the time would
seem to be opportune, while concrete cases
are In the minds of the members, to ex
change views on tho various phases of
neutrality nnd possible moans of nllexlatlng
In tlio future the burdens which grow more
heavy nnd prntlous tho longer the pres
ent state of war lasts.
"I hope that It may bo found possible
to do this ns I bellec Hint It would result
In the contribution of much nlunhlo
thought by men learned In the law of
nations ntnl qualified to mho the perplex
ing problems which are dally piesenled to
those who are charged with the conduct
of the foreign affairs of the American
republics'.
"Very nrdially vnurs.
"UnilllltT LAN'SINO"
Secretary Lansing's memorandum le
fcrred lo In his letter, was. In part, as
follows:
"At the first meeting of the Institute I
had the honor to direct attention to tho
Imperfect code of rules which ileflno and
govern tho relatlohs between bclllgeientB
nnd neutrnls These rules, which !nte
grown up during the last I2fi years ntid
have been, In some cases, differently Inter
preted by courts of different countries, have
hren fieqnentl) found Inadequate lo meet
new conditions of warfare, and as n result
eerv wni" has changed, modified or added
to the rules, gpnenillv through the process
of judicial decisions
"The prize courts of belligerents have
thus become the Interpreters of bclligeren
rights and neutrnl obligations, and their
Interpretations i-tlilencc an uiitoIifcIouj;
prejudlie arising from n r-iipprccinllnn of
Hip needs or the belligerent Writers on IrA
teinntlonnl law lnte relied upon these
prize-court decisions In denllitg with the
siibjei't of tieulrnlltv. so thnl Ihe.v Iine laid
down rules formula led Indliectly from a
belligerent's point of lcw
"In addition to these Influence1, nfTocN
lug a code In govern the conduct mid treat
ment nr nrutinls. International conferences
nnd congresses bine generally confided the
diafllng of rules relntlng to belligerent nnd
neutral rights to mllltnry ntnl naval experts,
who naturally approach the subject from
the belllgcn tit's standpoint Thus, judicial
decisions text wrlteis and International
agreements lme given all the advantage lo
the lielllgf tent and lime shown little lcgard
for tin lights of neutrals
"It would appear that it is tlnu to re
etse this prmit-s of trc.Vmeiit of ihe t,ub
pec t of uitjtiiilltv and lo dial wllh It from
the point of iew of tin' neutral
"I would, therefore, suggest that it com
mlttei ! appointed to nnj tl pioblem
of niuti.il rights and muti.il ilutlrt, seek
ing to fni mid itn iii terms Ihe it itu iplc uif-
dcrlylng the relations of belligerency to neu
trality rather than the cxpiess ruics gov
erning the conduct of a. nation nt war to a
nation nt pence "
Love Vanished When Wife Got Fnl
IU:AI)INrj, Pn, Jan 22 Declaring that
her husband repented of his marriage to
iler, telling her he did not like her because
she was "too big and fat." Mrs Matilda
Zimmerman testified before a master here
todav In her suit for divorce from Albert
Zlmmrr, of New York The master recom
mends n illoree on the ground of desertion
Mrs. Mnria It, Leinbach Dead
IthUDING. Pa., Jan. 22 Mrs Maria n.
Leinbach, widow of the Itev Thomaj C
Lelnbnch who was one of Iterkn County's
best-known clergymen, died of heart ills,
ease nt her home here today In her seentv.
secnlh jear.
Churches Want Jones to lie JuttKC
MAIIANOY CITY. Pa. Jan 22 Seliml
.kill
t'ounty Protestant rhui-rlmn i,-.- ...
tltloned Governor Hrumbaucb , '-..., Jill
John Itobert Jones. Schuylkill Hnven :
Assemblyman ns the successc- of ti, i.,.
Judge Charles N Itrumni, Wo
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to do.
Wednesday you'll know
all about
Cheste
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200 Per Cent
2"""'"'tm. tnXtf ( (lit
ColO'Sprinpfleld Four-Door Tourscdun 8U19,r
Seven-PasBenRer CoJe-Springfield Toursedan..$2293
FoufPassenger Cole-SpriiiKfleld Tourcoupe, ,,2295
Sven'PassenRer Coje Eight Touring Car. ...S1095
FounPassenger Cole Eight Ioadster,,,.,,..,SlG93
Prices f. o, b, factory
I Li !' P IB.ILI l.j U IJIJWI III IL Will I HI IIII1LIH W"H WI-.IWWII
G
We start 1917 with a production three
times as great as that of last January.
The rapidly increasing demand for the
Cole Eight would allow an even
larger expansion.
But we prefer to grow with great care.
It tends to a sounder stability.
We prefer to increase by logical and
reasonable steps rather than by too
spectacular strides.
We consider the ultimate consumer
first. Therefore we always take the
utmost care to protect Cole Eight
purchasers by painstaking, unhur
ried workmanship and the use of the
best materials it is possible to obtain.
We are building for. the future along
the lines of established permanence.
Our long experience and our extensive
facilities are devoted entirely to one
fixed purpose to one chassis
America's foremost Eight.
We aim to obtain and maintain the
highest standard in the manufacture
of fine motor cars.
This constant, diligent and persistent
effort towards bettering the best has
. placed us in a very advanced position
in the motor-car industry.
As a result we start January shipping
2(W per cent more cars than at this
period last year.
L. S. Bowers Company
Distributors
245 N. Broad Street, Phila.
Bell 'Phone, Walnut 762
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