'- ' L umiiipniyifi - PlJltJ mijuIji -"TWfmili'limf I " EVENING LEDGER-IHILADELPHIA WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 17, 1917 II S0ONAL PROSPERITY PROPPED BY MOTORCAR Industry Forms r mliln I'OUlUL " an .I -at rlnttllttMa Ti1!- Big nrc 0l LUU""' rmncial Backbone ZENITH NOT II EACH ED .. -ulomnb. nneo the. representative " ...iimti't ni.iv is reKiiiui-u 6'tmw, nn b -nrM men as ono of tlw fc' " . , o v- I tPMl 11 U1P niinmciviHi "vSf n!" 1. '...-'motorcar Industry uii- Jot '." ... ...iiw.nt detriment, in llic-lr ''I',;, 1, vv.ll n.t ns a great stiibllh-el amnion ,,u' .. . , .ii,, c 1,-iupit no ,,7thit the manufacture of autumo !? .11 0 nno onn a-.vear actlv lly. ranks Hies, a' ....,,,,, iniiii.iiic: nrnl. 'X ennore '""' "; foundations rest not "'.i e hinn.g '' of opportunism, Hit Witrclv hi"" ,iir mnmifac- f V.Tomi nr v lev runs as follow.: fe nin !. ir lu.m-tiy received Its Brc.it. ,rgn'i- "" r j r.1.'.-. ':; Kim it mm be "I"' l" M'" IHM--I""'-" '" 1915 It nw mat bed ti.V the .Bnanci.11 .heretofore hail KST- ' idVd entanglement will. what . IP I nP "" linn "fc"" "" r,,'. t linn- nl b-i.UIng camo with a gen IJou, l.a...l li. Hi- great money cent on rciu: . 1 nn.iim? nnnno era liar- '?Woatr.t'.n m.rg.rs an.l expansion. laying licip,iu" ....iniv, ii!i 1ms been Jntho lm.ld.ng onli thirteen jcari. mom v tiM'KS inhitstrv . i. ... ..r...ll..iti frnm n r.oll!Or .IllV 0 v'iL nr fis-oni. cilncJietl tlio ftlluro of lhC jnunp I...I .-m It stilled tremors of im.l.l rm"l bv piennmcnu glow... ub.1 ?.. .r mvemeil cnnllnt Itiill- f rites Hiii "ie ii''"'i-'r ImlUKlry Ii.ib imt JrcacheO ' -vuiallon .olnt." tlio zenith f It il"' I'Pii' '' n'" ,l,nl " " " "" , kttnntlal ... iniine.il RuminK iniuisiiy. - .M. t. I IK ." r' -11 .- turly f ' w-'l'i" "allle ani1 l0 5lom Vrh- nut .in.it.ilr- liroKe all reeordi In In- lHustrial t "Hi "I"1 established n stable rd IuiiiIm- enteriirlsn lHcause 11 is a nc'cefsiH lionmi. In transportation, both Wktar busuii - mil rerieallon. innows m 11m iui . .. . i-Vr.t.i.llii .tin fltlna .ml tottns I111.lt on bv the iiul.istry. the Bfautomobii it If h is IiIiiotiI new trails, iiuiil fjroada ml l'i'l"l tocettiiT sinrsely settlu.1 Sdlslriil" "n the fa. ill anil In the city It Vr .,.! .i... 1.. ... A .... I...... lift. gjhaa Bttn' n"i .'-' " ""' - RandtKi' b" "" i Pr( "ft j W The in. ju't ilos.il Imm been .1 Kolden rear f"i " .lul'ii.nnne uniusuv. .un before In" then been s.ieh mi activity In Sthat trad. m .I't.Mlv tint Biirp.isscu nil pectuti i.w riiMiuuoiia iiiauu .ii. mi-, nni" last jni- 'li"' the ll"' "f ,'J!fi would seo eiCrl t-. Ill flllllH HI me l linen .-.....". in onii.r i n I 11. automobile 're pooh- poohed n ii.litii.miMy ctranR.ii.t dreams built ui 11 mi.iKiii.il v hales The predic tions turn il out .0 lie u.oiiK 1 '"-.' "" W Ko f-n nouKl. statistics roniiuicu nv n..n...r.ii nrri.n nt tbn rntiellislou that IBery wnnlli fimlU today owns a motor Itr!.. n..i... r .titlutlelnn whose flEurcs are HK l "' .. Ilauthontntive ehtlm.ites that eeiy elKhtl. R family own nn nuiomcilille IimmiiupIi as IK n. A ...(....1 ..t Iriilpnpn- w mesB cunt uixiuii. ..fiu ......v.. .... S'dentlv of i.ih ntmtliei, a ine.ui between the two niM'iieiitlv is a fcafo conclusion. ', 1117 to um:AK iji:coi:d ; The nuiiimobile will coutlnuo to bo In de mand Us necessity, when the cml of tlio 1 war will (lnd lUiropo a continent depleted of rlorses will be p.u ..mount In tho .cto.11.t1uc- g"'ilon en nf tlio now -w.irrli.tr nations .lust That the export i-alcs will bo no ono Is In .position to --.in Hut that they will ho 1 mbst.uit 1 il mi inn confeisaut with tho situ atlon will il. n r Enlirficd ib in.inds for .merican cars now are beint,- fill will. Kurnpciu autoinobllo sactorles tsKeti oer ny incir rrapvuiuu .m ' -nn,n...u r..i iii. m.iiiiirni.tutc of war mu- ,,.,,,v,.. -.. - nltions Tho American 1uotort.11 maker Is tnJojtiiK the benefit of tlio bhortiiRo ot cars tesultiiiK thuiuKlioiit tho world Australia. Celon 1 limn llBypt, Dtnmnrl.. South Ameriia Holland and even llttlo Iceland 'countn. -. whin- Ainerltan-iimdo automo biles fur.inil) wero in llttlo demand hao taken a I.Iiiuk to tho YnnLeo motor ve hicle 1111,0 i.un.btis of then, aro bei.iB Texportid t.. tbiho tomitrles. partly on ac 'cou.it t.f the war and partly becauso of tho aurac ;e m. i.iiiin aim .ow .mut-ii t.nn in. duced in this inunl All . .ill ,l,n fiitiirn nn lnnp,t bv tho I -.,, .,. ..... ....- .t.i.i..i., .... ...... ... . I automobile 1n.1l.er and dealer, is brighter than tho luminous pist. KAUKI PEAT YIELDS "GAS" (Jew Zealandet-s Find Wny to Increase Supply A new t-ourto of Kasollne production has been diuinereil and utilized III New Zea land and Vustral a. where tho peat formed by prehistoric Kauri trees In tho swamps of these tounirlcs Is transformed into Kaso llne A yield of sis. or seven gallons of motor fuel is realised as a. by-product from tvery ton of peat. The harilenedo kauri Rum or copal, a resinous product of tho plney tree, is too valuable to bo u fined for fuel, as It finds a ready market as a substltuto for amber and In tho makiiifr of vnrnlbl.es Jlut vast Quantities or peat aro In the fossil remains and from theso nn oil Is extracted. From twentv to thirty gallons of oil Is the average j.eld ot each ton of peat. About twenty-flio per cent of this Is converted Into motor fuej. tho larger amount being lold at high prices to tho varnish Industry. . ' ? Tit IS SCUKVHMK IB Horry, I.R fienrrv. Off with m. fl.. , - ..... ..i-.t . Dodging- the cabls eara. Bt. '", "' throutrli the thoroughfan E Wltb, many a Jjlt that Jara. piedlnr, ife'mpfainf, POtUiri unheeding-, : An oath for thoie who proteat) V A UQf h for tha ned.atrl.n ha brnaliaa aitita. t-aJ aeter a thouiht for tha rait. R))aahlH. 7 . 'plaihloa-, joining abaahlnr, Orer att-pt n -it-.w i.i. .11 Ij At"1 X,r ,purt "n'1 flnl1'n' Jrk, - us nam a in.nuie or lime, ' Anonymous. Automobile Pills a ... . k imi .). soMiiiiieu gasoline" nas been invented by a Now Yorker, who asserts Bat $30 worth nr Uiasa llllla will nrnl Ma Unotive power to take on automobile across itile Continent AuloniobiliiiB Archibald Asks: Did the nnntrnt Jrvth tnt m him tmA .. dllQtClllll T (Aas .n,I.w. ....,-.-.- 1 fpl pusQlmo pen i m Reliable Auto Radiator Repairing Co, Almtufarturluir and Kepalrlua- of All Sheet Metal Parts for Automobiles RADIATORS f all llaacrlpllooa Itrpalrcd and llullt to Order, are tealcd und-rr preaaura anil suaranteed water-tight 1422 Fairmount Ave., Phila. UHMUMlutlliiil MtMftMII UUIIWIUMUUHMIIIUU- Gasoline Outlook Good, Says Ritlman Continued from Tore Two man points out that tlio question of meeting tho demands of tho motorcar multitudes Is not Insoluble On tho contrary he says tho lluntlnn ran nnd probnbty will be met In two wnya. 1 trat. llr Inerenalnar (he production nf Riianllnp frnin rrmle oil bv i rnrkipjr na tnni; Hip rrmle oil aupply bista. Second. Afler the rrmle oil aupptr la Rnne (n) b.v criKklnc the olt obtained frntii ahole, null, pent, llgnlle, etr., nnd (b) by tialmt iilroliol nblnlned bv liicreiinlnit (lie rivlatng n f pnlntnes anil enrn. f'tnckltiK Is a piocoss nf etlrnetltig gaso line from crude nil a process that produces inanv mm ii times the nmouiit of motor fuel than Is possible, by tho rniivcntlon.it dlstil litlmi Tho uo of craililng which Involves Hiiperlipntliu; tlio erudo nil and bienlilug it up Into the volatile constituents that pro. Uticp gi.Rollne. Is responsible for tho nllevl atlon uf the g.isolliie otrliiRcnrv : nnd to it clictnlsts and oil producers look fur the solu tion of the ptoblem. Already It has thrown added millions of dollars Into tho automobile Industrv. Trulv, It seems to be a fulfillment of tho testing prophecv of t.nrd Mncauliv. who. referrlni; to tho chemist uf tho thirteenth eentur.v, wiotc "And soon nil Ids Ijetllcs nnd gridirons will bo turned Into pure gold. ' u.vornit -a as" koii actos Allhougl. the iiroccss Is oung, the effect of It on tho motor fuel Industrv nlrendv h.is been so mnrlted that tlio Immediate future, 101T, docs not contain nnv gnsollno slmrtago Imgalioo The gnsollno snppl.v for this j ear looks good, according to Doctor Hlttinnu. "Thero nro In operation todav between .l.Bnn.non nnd I.OOD.OOn nutoninbiles It. the I'niled Ktntes, or tine for eveiy twentv-flvo or thirty persons." ho fnld .Mnchlups nro being mndu nt tho rate of between Tnoo and Snno a d.iv Therefore, u total of f. . 01)0.01)0 can lie expected befoio tho pud of HIT. Allowing loo gallons of gasoline for each of, s.iv. I.cno.ooo cars means I.SOii -DOii.nno gallons for automobiles nlone. ex clusive of trnctots, motorbonls farm engines, inntnicjclcs, etc. v p 1111111 pnnliire In (hi. riuiiilr.t iilnnn ilurlng till, jiar nt IiikI :i,(llili,iiiio,iinii cnllnn, tlr tniiliir furl. "Diir past production has been as follows- Yen r. 1110:1 1014 mi:. . lulu (estt.nntcil) iVillnn r, 11 nun nun t Imi I :u nno 1.71? -'oil 0011 LVIlio mil' (inn 3,000.000,000 oam.o.ws xi:i:ni:i "This otlr, necordliig to my esflmale, we slinil need 3,000.000,000 gallons, which is 11 big Increase If onu looks at a cu.vo of gasolluo liroductlon lie will nt once realize that It behooves us to 'get bus' to meet tho itiiiiiicmcnts of tho mpldly giowlng ludus tty." Doelo. Itlllman drew n curve, showing K.nphhallv the increnso in the production of gasollno lion. Ill Oil to 1'JIG, with the probable con. so of tlie cuivo this venr If li's estimate Is coirett, tho country must p.nduco 700.000.001) mo.o gallons of gas olluo this year than last, or moro than tho total production eight veils ngo. pi rur Itltt.n.tn was askid what he thouvtr; tha jirlce would ho this c..r. ' TI.J pi lea nf motor fuel vntli-H widely throughout tho countiy. dirfen-nces that nro absolutely unwarianled," ho .cplled ' Kor Instance, In Peccniber, H)l(!, when gasollno li Philadelphia was selling ns high ns twentj-llvo cents a gallon, In Chi cago tho prlco was .seventeen nnd one-half cents, nnd In Kansas C ty fourteen and thrco-mtartcr cents; theso differences nro much greater than tho freight differentials. Therefore, vo havo no solid basis for es timates. ss-ss ri:.TS to hi: imhcij "Ilowevor. I expect to seo g.ikollne find a level In tho Hast of about twcnty-llvo to twenty-eight cents, ranging between Keveu tecn and thirty cents 'or tlio entlro country during 1917 " The.o Miould bo no abnormal Increaso In tho 111 ice for tho next ten jeais, ho added, ptovldcd tho number of automobiles docs not go above tho 10,000,000 mark Tho cincking method of extracting gai-nlina from emtio oil would check tho pi Ice, ho said, by Increasing tho supplj. Doctor Klttmai. icgarda tho increased uno of tho new method as very significant. Uy 1U20 ho cxpetts that nearly s.ovent-!lvo per cent of all tho gasoline on tha market will bo ptodiiced by ciacklng. Tho reason 13 very simple: Distillation produces only ten or fifteen per cent gasollno out of tho ci 111I0 oil content, whereas cratklng t.ans forms fifty or seventy-live pet cent of the ci'udn oil Into gasoline. "Tho pt-tccntagu of gasollno found In crude oil and extracted by distillation vnile." widely for tho illfreitnt oils," ho said "Iligh-grado eastern ...id Oklahoma crudes contain from twenty lo thirty per rent of gasoline, vvliilo half tho oil produced in California contains no gasollno whatever Ten to fifteen per cent of tho crudo oil would represent a good avcingo for tho entlro country's crudo oil content of gaso line. ckackino yn:r.DS jior.n "oas" "Tho pcrcentago of gasollno extracted fiom tho baso by cracking also varies. l?x nggcr.itcd claims nro mado by dlffc.ent in ventors, but practice does not bear them out. A conservative estln.ato Is fifty to scvcnty-flvo per cent of tho crudo oil con veittd into gasoline. That Is ninro than three times uh much as tho amount made by distillation." Tho bright future In store for cracking processes was shown by Doctor Itlttman in tho following table, which represents his prediction as to the growth of the crack ing Idea: I'ErtCCXTAtoE YKAR CRACKINO DiaTIf.tATIO.N lulu :n so injT .11 J-3 SHS.3 mis bo r.o 1020 23-30 70-7S The cracking- processes, in which chem- GRAPH OF GASOLINE PRODUCTION 2,000, )00,ooooolXono I I I I " s 2,000, 300,000 Jf y 1,500,000,000 --sB-,fl8 1,000, 00O.O0C 500, 000.OOC I I I I I I The heavy lino shows pi ogress of "Ras" mitpht, dotted line intlicnt imp; probable couise of cuivo this year. Helovv, in cncle, is Dr. Walter F. nittniiin, inventor oC Kittnum crnckiiiK process, whose outlook on Kasoliue question is optimistic. 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 ' Chemical Iutifinecr Views Fuel Question GASOLINE supply for 1017 is promising. 1 Prices should range between IT nnd .HO cents n gallon for entite countiy; 'Jfi to 28 tents in East. Clacking processes, whereby moie gasoline in oti noted from crude oil tlmn by distillation, ate coming to 1 lesctic and dominate situation. j 1)01107.1. toluol anil alcohol are practicable substitutes for gasoline, I but are not 111 sufficient quantity now. Heavy ketoscue is unsatisfac tory substitute. 1 Supply of etude oil is at its height I and geologists believe it will eon I Untie for thitty years. Hy1 incieas 1 ing gasoline extinction from crude I oil, countiy will be supplied until e. ! peeted day when gasoline, failing, will bo supplanted by alcohol and by motor fuel taken fiom oils extroctetl ! I from coal, peat, lignite, shale nnd al i lied substances. I , Isis see the cuo for tlio gasoline pioducet, differ troni finctlonal distillation III that the litter Involves tho sepiratlon of the various pioducts bv the use of heat, the lighter and more volatile constituents being forced tu . ape llrst : while cracking In volves supci heating tho nil to such nil ex tent that the heavier and less volatile con stituents cannot withstand tho heat and lueak down Into the llghtci and ...ore vola tile constituents, which nro then dis tilled off. 1 HOW CHACKIXG WORKS Chief among tho now methods ate the Itlttman nnd the llutton cracking ptocesscs Tho Hill ton piocess Is emplnvcd by tho Standard Oil Company. The Atlantic Re fining Companv plant hero ui-es a inodlllc.i tion of It The Hiltmnu pmccss, which has been offered free ot charge by the liov eminent to producers, was Invented by Doctor Itlttman vvhllo ho was In tlio re search department of tho Unreal, ot Mines. It illfTers from other cracking processes They crack tho nil as a liquid, subjecting it lo high heat as' a liquid Tho Rlttmaii process first vaporUes tho oil and cracks it as a vapor, appljlng high licat to tho oil aa a vapor 'llio fart that tho number nf plants that nro ndoptlug ciacklng is rapidly Increasing Is biilllclent testimony as to tho valuo of tho p.ocesscs, atcordlng to Doctor Illtt 1.1.111. "Nn other method of producing gasollno Is In sight now," ho said "Clnsollno from natural gas supplies less than 5 per cent ot tho total, and will not reach moro than ten per cent Ileuol and toluol from roko ovens novor will bo 11 relatively largo Item J2ji.de to tho AUTOMOBILE SHOW i SIX I,1 FloxilsiH-Ltrsrcost off tapJcpop-Pcrwer to spurs Romia3QAM6630DM car-Nxdllleavo on tlio !halllMmrfrom Q45N5nadSt xeftarninrf onilie oven LSOWEKSCD Q45NortliI?ro2dStect ta a 6 iii An Opportunity to Effect Big Savings On Tires We pick the "Cream" of slightly blemished makes. There are miles and miles of service in every one of them, .as is attested by hundreds of repeat orders from satisfied customers. They offer you an opportunity to effect Big Savings. Mail orders promptly filled. Goods shipped anywhere suh ject to approval, C. O, D. All Tires and Tubes Guaranteed RUDOLPH TIRE CO. 1235 Arch Street Philadelphia Bell Phone: Spruce soil & mmmmmsqm 1 . HtniHluanrtawji on account of tho Immeuso detnund for gasoline " ftl'USTITt THS l-'Olt fiASOt.INH .Substitutes for gasollno benzol, toluol, alcohol and kerosene wero diseused by Doctor Itlttman "Itenzol, toluol and alcohol nro thor oughly practicable, but their use depends entirely upon the cost and uunnlitv avail able." he said "The amount of crudo be.uol and toluol made venrlv now is a little mo.o than .10.ono.floi) gallons In the I'niled States With tho new ovens being loiiHtructcd It will become noru than 00, 1100 0110 gallons Hut theso amounts aro not M.iillclent to make these products factors it. tho motor fuel situation, where we llgure in terms uf billions ot gallons instead of millions "Alcohol," ho continued, "will not becomo ft factor Until gasoline passes thirty-five cents a gallon Again, to produce a suf ficient amount of nlcohol for motor fuel a big pirt of the rnlted States would have to bo given over to the raising of coin and potatoes f iimibt if we will reo heavy ke.oeno ud xte.islvely, because It Is dllllcult to get limner explolvo mixtures vvltli air 'llio lighter kerosenes tod.y are mlxfd will, gasoline for tho market" ni-Ticiiisr Mtmions ni:ci:ssuy Doctor Itllltiinn rmphntlrallv expressed the opinion that rtlb lent, practicable meth ods of converting the available supply of 1 rude oil into gasollno weio nil-Important The supply Is not everlasting '(IcoIoBists semi in ngreo that we nre todav nt Hie peak production of crude oil." he said "That Is. live vciirs hence our erudo pr. duct I..11 will not be matotlnllv greater than It Is lodn llenloglsts Sep thirty veals- upplv nf crude Ollr vvnv out Is tint bv ineren ed 1 nide stipplv. Imt liv Using ini.io elllcieiitlv the present etude produc tion When this supply Is exlnnsteit wo shall turn to slmle eonl. pent, lignite, etc We Mmll rxltnit oil from these nnd crnelt Hie nil The potential oil supply through theso male-rials is itrenlei' thnn our visible crude oil supplj We must develop cl.enp and efficient methods for recovering the oil conl allied Iii theso materials. "leoliol. too. vvonld become nt once tre mendously Importniit It tho crude oil supply suddi nlv gave out. "Mtngcthcr. thrro Is a vvnv out of the moliir r.iel problem. We must rrucli vvhllo the crude nil supply lasts After Hint Is gone it.- must use nlcnlml nnd when we lime learned practicable wavs of getting oil fiom Hie vm-it stotehouse or roil nnd Its allied iiiaterlnls. wo must unci; that ', .lust as ihe chemist came to the front nrnl Ha led the dav when the nude oil nupplv fallen d so Doctor Ritlman expect" the chemist to devise n means of meeting llio situation squill el v when tho supply vanishes It s up In the chemist TIIItlSK KIIN'DS OK "(.AS" Straight, lllontled nnd Cracked Gaso line Denned by U. S. Government Dnsollne sold In tho United Ktntes Is di vided Into three classes tiy tho Hurcau of Mines They are: 1'lrst. straight refinery gaso llno for special purposes, such i.-c aeroplane use; second, blended caslugliead gasoline for uso In motorcars about two vr.irs old and three, cracked nnd blended gasoline, for up-to'ilatu cars that enn elllclently uso tho heavier fuel. .11! Mll.nS A "GAS" GALLON Professor's Car Uses That at Fifteen Mile Gait Honestly, how much "gas" a mllo do you use.' Hero ott lnvo a professor's word for how much his cur eats 111" After testing a fully loaded touring car at various speeds, David t. linllup, professor of gas engineer ing ot tho Won-ester (Mavn ) Polvteclinle Institute, reported tho following results MII.CS vtil.i:s 10 jior liour. . .. 11.17 11 r rHllen la .-er limir. . :u 7 .n-r Kiillnti 10 per lioi.r. . at J pi r gallon l' i-i-r hour 'JM s pi r Riillnn an prr bum . !.! 1 p.-r kiiMhii Tho layman will eo.ieludo that the pro fessor'B knowledge of gas englueeilng en abled him to pel fm m this feat p850 XWSip m5 I Surti a world of power. iiiclt wraith of luxury anil lcfliicniciit, such remarkable economy of iip-Kcep clinnutnits the lutor-Statc that lnolorits term it "The Car of Ktra Value." At Iht Show thlt tveek. Space B'R .1' ikh Inlcr-Stale Motor Car !A(&i . Company of Philadelphia 'i7mwx : .. .. . . . F-MilHSt- 7za North llroRd Street (. HWK.L.U Hiil 'I &rmtfr -, I -. tMxM lL-bai aJMfal.nii2vrs MOl &$& tissam fi?! M I I I II Mil. I , II V UJWB"2!3ir Mia Ji S ,J '-JSSSSSmi a rl s -' ..-lJ-i&SSSlaiKfte. vv jr? w ' sjrjaA r iA -nSSSfc. tZ- 0 Will Be Featured at Our Exhibit at the AUTOMOBILE SHOW to nn extent that will command the attention of all who arc interested in Automobile Sales and Service. , We do not believe there has ever been shown in on: exhibit as complete and comprehensive a line of Garage Appliances as we present at our booths this week. We shall be pleased to have yon nsit ns at spaces Y,Z,Kr.&Jr. D D (1 pis trains -i Ell Gaul, Derr '& Shearer Co. Courtesy, Service & Automobile Accessories 217 North Broad Street ica C3C3C3ES3C All jnotorists have "Winter troubles" slow starting, bad carburetion poor pick-up. Remedy these evils by using THAT GOOD GULF GASOLINE Starts on the first turn. Saves your batteries, and eliminates wear and tear on your motor. THAT GOOD GULF GASOLINE is straight run, clean, powerful gasoline manufactured expressly for the automobile motor. SUPREME AUTO OIL FLOWS FREELY AT ZERO AND LEAVES LESS CARBON owing to the fact that it is a Southern Asphalt Base oil, containing no paraffine to gum, stick or thicken. . Service stations in Chestnut at 33d St., North Broad at Hunting Park Ave., or Ventnor Circle, Atlantic City, Private garages and truck owners supplied from our pneumatic tired motor-trucks without damage to private drives or curbing. For Service Call One-Five-Fiv-e Spruce. .. LF REFINING COMPANY (MJ Morris Building Philadelphia, Pa., U. S. A. ' i .-.i..-isAf, 1 Pi? isp- HMlktti